2024年高考押题预测卷01（新高考II卷）英语（解析版）

这是一份2024年高考押题预测卷01（新高考II卷）英语（解析版），共24页。

英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What des the man mean?
A．The twins have a lt in cmmn.
B．The twins dn’t lk the same.
C．The twins dn’t act alike.
【答案】C
【原文】W: I can hardly tell Jennifer and Jessica apart.
M: I knw. But their lks are the nly thing they have in cmmn.
2．Wh will the mang shpping with?
A．The wman.B．Alice.C．His family.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Let’s g fr a walk this afternn.
M: I’d lve t, but I’ve prmised t buy clthes with Alice.
W: All right. Then I’ll stay at hme and watch a mvie.
3．Hw des the wman prbably feel?
A．Excited.B．Annyed.C．Puzzled.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Stp checking e-mails! We are in the middle f a vacatin!
M: Okay! One mre minute, and I’ll switch it ff.
4．Why didn’t the man answer the phne?
A．He lst it.B．He didn’t hear it.C．His phne ran ut f pwer.
【答案】C
【原文】W: D yu have any idea what time it is nw? Have yu ever heard yur phne?
M: I’m srry but my phne ran ut f pwer. I gt back here as fast as I culd because I knew yu’d be wrried.
5．Where will the wman g first?
A．T the beach.B．T the bank.C．T the bathrm.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Hey, Janne, what’s up? Are yu heading t the beach t?
W: I’m trying t get there as fast as I can. I need t depsit sme mney at the bank and mail sme letters at the pst ffice, but first I’ve really gt t find a lady’s rm.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What des the girl hpe t d at first?
A．Have a talk with the man.
B．Find an actress fr the schl play.
C．Receive an invitatin frm the man.
7．When is the schl play?
A．This Mnday.B．Next week.C．Next mnth.
【答案】6．A 7．C
【原文】W: Hell, wuld it be cnvenient t have a wrd with yu, Mr. Jnes?
M: Yes, cme int my ffice. Hw can I help yu, Sphie?
W: Well, this may seem a bit embarrassing, but wuld it be pssible fr me t play the lead rle in the schl play next mnth?
M: I’m ahead f yu, Sphie. I knw yur ambitin is t becme an actress and we decided n Mnday t give yu that rle.
W: Thank yu s much. I will try my best. I wn’t let yu dwn.
M: Gd girl. I trust yu.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What is the wman’s jb?
A．A teacher.B．A writer.C．A trainee.
9．What is the curse intended t d?
A．Assess students’ reading difficulty.
B．Enhance teachers’ reading techniques.
C．Imprve teachers’ ability t teach reading.
10．What influenced the wman’s decisin t take the curse?
A．Its lcatin.B．Its cst.C．Its duratin.
【答案】8．A 9．C 10．B
【原文】M: Are yu traveling in Sydney, t?
W: N. I’m here t attend a three-week curse.
M: What are yu studying, then?
W: It’s mre like a training curse. I’m a schl teacher, and the curse is abut a special teaching methd. It’s fr helping children wh have difficulty in reading.
M: What des that mean?
W: Well, it’s nt that they dn’t knw hw t read, but rather, they can’t understand what they read.
M: Okay. I thught it was fr kids wh can’t see clearly. Anyway, it sunds very meaningful.
W: Thanks.
M: Is Sydney the nly place where yu can take this curse?
W: N, but it’s much cheaper here. It als lasts lnger, which means it prvides mre infrmatin.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．Whse bk has the wman been reading lately?
A．Aarn Estersn.B．Lri Gttlieb.C．Erik Eriksn.
12．What des the wman say abut the bk?
A．It has an unexpected end.
B．It is very bring.
C．It is fantastic.
13．What is the man prbably ging t d?
A．Read the bk.B．Start writing a bk.C．Talk with smene.
【答案】11．B 12．C 13．A
【原文】M: What are yu up t lately?
W: I have been reading a bk named Maybe Yu Shuld Talk t Smene.
M: Hw d yu feel abut it?
W: It is wnderful. I gt t this bk by chance. Then I was attracted frm the very first page.
M: Tell me mre!
W: Lri Gttlieb, the writer, helps the readers becme aware f his r her wn barriers and strengths. I culd even relate t sme f the situatins in the bk. It is very real and nt bring at all.
M: S it is nthing like the serius bks written by Aarn Estersn r Erik Eriksn.
W: Yu bet! Lri Gttlieb is an excellent stryteller. Plus, the chapters are bite-sized, bth laugh ut-lud funny and inspiring.
M: Sunds gd. I will give it a sht.
W: I am sure yu will find smene t talk t after reading the bk.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What des Jhn think abut the City Theatre?
A．It’s clse.B．It’s small.C．It’s crwded.
15．What is Liz’s purpse f making the phne call?
A．T share sme infrmatin.B．T give an invitatin.C．T ask a favur.
16．Wh had Liz planned t g with?
A．Alice.B．Jhn.C．Jhn’s wife.
17．What is the prbable relatinship between Jhn and Liz?
A．Husband and wife.B．Fellw wrkers.C．Friends.
【答案】14．B 15．C 16．A 17．C
【原文】W: Hi Jhn, hw are yu?
M: I’m great, Liz. Nice t hear frm yu. What can I d fr yu?
W: I suppse yu’ve heard that Jnathan Charles is perfrming at the City Theatre this evening.
M: Of curse. My wife and I are ging. He’s ur favurite singer, but I’m surprised a big star like him is perfrming at such a small theatre. Aren’t yu ging t see him?
W: Well, that’s why I’m calling yu. I was suppsed t be ging with my friend Alice in her car, but she’s ill and she can’t g. I was wndering if yu culd give me a lift.
M: Of curse we can. We’ll call fr yu at yur huse, say 7 p.m.?
W: Well, actually I was planning t g straight frm wrk.
M: Oh, right. Yu wrk in the city centre, dn’t yu?
W: Yes. Wuld yu be able t pick me up here n yur way in?
M: Of curse. N prblem. I’ll see yu there at 7 p.m.
W: That’s really nice f yu, Jhn. I we yu a favur.
M: Think nthing f it. My pleasure.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．Which pet may an utging persn prefer?
A．A bird.B．A dg.C．A cat.
19．What may a cat wner be like?
A．Clever.B．Sciable.C．Careful.
20．What des the speech mainly talk abut?
A．Pet peple’s persnalities.
B．Mre utging dg peple.
C．Less sciable cat peple.
【答案】18．B 19．A 20．A
【原文】
M: Are yu a dg persn r a cat persn? What psychlgical factrs make a persn chse ne type f pet ver the ther? An utging persn prefers dgs. This shuld really cme as n surprise. Owning a dg is a scial experience because yu always have t walk them and interact with ther dg wners. If yu really like talking t ther peple, a dg might be fr yu. Cats, n the ther hand, tend t stay at hme, which means that taking care f a cat requires much less scial interactin. Cat peple are smarter, while studies shw that dg lvers are mre utging and livelier, cat lvers scre higher n intelligence tests and are said t be mre pen minded. They are als mre curius abut the wrld, even thugh they might nt leave the huse t see it as much. D yu lve a dg r a cat? Are yu a different kind f pet persn, like a turtle persn r a bird persn? Des yur persnality match with sme features we talked abut earlier? I hpe my speech will be helpful t yu. Thank yu fr listening.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（原创试题） 题源： Created by cmbining varius fictinal elements t frm descriptins f riginal Bradway musicals.
Bradway Musicals Quiz
The Enchanted Clck twer
In a small village nestled in the muntains, a mysterius clck twer is rumred t pssess magical pwers. When yung siblings Anna and Jack stumble(偶然碰见) upn it, they are transprted back in time t an era f knights and dragns. Nw, they must find a way t return hme befre they becme trapped in the past frever.
Rhythms f the Heart
Fllw the jurney f a struggling dance trupe as they cmpete in a prestigius cmpetitin that culd make r break their dreams. With tensins running high and persnal rivalries (对抗)threatening t tear them apart, the dancers must learn t trust each ther and find the curage t shine n stage.
Eches f Eternity
Set against the backdrp f a pst-apcalyptic wrld(后世界末日), this musical fllws a grup f survivrs as they search fr hpe and redemptin in a deslate landscape. As they face their past mistakes and inner demns, they discver that the key t their future lies in the bnds f friendship and the pwer f lve.
Whispers in the Wind
In a quaint seaside twn, a yung girl discvers a hidden treasure map that leads her n a thrilling adventure. Alng the way, she encunters a clrful cast f characters, including pirates, mermaids, and mythical creatures, as she unlcks the secrets f the past and her true destiny.
What is the central theme f Rhythms f the Heart?
Adventure and discvery. B. Time travel and magic.
C. Friendship and teamwrk.D. Hpe and redemptin.
22. Which musical transprts its characters t a pst-apcalyptic wrld?
A. The Enchanted Clcktwer. B. Rhythms f the Heart.
C. Eches f Eternity. D. Whispers in the Wind.
23. What is the stry backgrund f Whispers in the Wind?
A. Searching fr hidden treasure.
B. Cmpeting in a dance cmpetitin.
C. Surviving in a pst-apcalyptic wrld.
D. Explring a mysterius clcktwer.
【答案】21．C 22．C 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几部百老汇的音乐剧。
21．主旨大意题。在描述中提到，“Fllw the jurney f a struggling dance trupe as they cmpete in a prestigius cmpetitin that culd make r break their dreams. With tensins running high and persnal rivalries threatening t tear them apart, the dancers must learn t trust each ther and find the curage t shine n stage.” 可以理解为音乐剧《Rhythms f the Heart》的核心主题是友谊与团队合作。因此，正确答案为选项 C.
22．细节理解题。在描述中提到，“Set against the backdrp f a pst-apcalyptic wrld, this musical fllws a grup f survivrs as they search fr hpe and redemptin in a deslate landscape.” 可以明确得出音乐剧《Eches f Eternity》将其角色置于一个末日后的世界中。因此，正确答案为选项 C.
23．细节理解题。描述中提到，“In a quaint seaside twn, a yung girl discvers a hidden treasure map that leads her n a thrilling adventure.” 明确指出音乐剧《Whispers in the Wind》的前提是寻找隐藏的宝藏。因此，正确答案为选项 A. .
B
Every hliday seasn, I get nstalgic (怀旧的) and take a trip dwn Christmas tree lane. I think abut hw hard my mm wrked t make the hlidays special. I remember hw she said and prudly displayed all f the gifts she received frm us. She acted as if her plastic beaded bracelet (手镯) was made f priceless stnes. Year after year, whatever we gave her, she wuld treasure the gifts as thugh she was the luckiest wman n earth.
Thrugh the years, friends cme and g, but my mm is a cnstant, my true best friend and biggest fan. She’s by my side nt nly fr the gd mments cheering me n with pride, but hlding my hand and letting me use her shulder t cry n thrugh the bad. She refuses t give up n me even when I want t. She is always there t encurage me in the midst f life’s challenges and eager t celebrate life’s jys.
S as much as the salt dugh rnament (装饰品) pleased her, which is in a nticeable place n her tree every year, I’ve increased its amunt nw t surprise her at Christmas. I ask myself. What hasn’t she dne befre? What is smething that she wuld like, but wuld never, in a millin years, buy herself?
Gifts mm will treasure. S fr the ne wh knws yu best and still lves yu, find a great gift that will shw hw much yu really care and value her supprt. Select a thughtful gift based n what brings her the greatest enjyment.
Hwever, the best gifts, I suppse, cannt be wrapped. Set aside time t spend alne with mm. It can simply be a day tgether ding what she enjys mst r plan a weekend getaway t a place she has always wanted t see. It will mean mre t her than yu may ever knw. Tgether yu will create lasting memries she will treasure fr the rest f her life.
What are yur mst memrable mments with yur mm? Fr yur mm, what wuld yu value mst in the hliday seasn?
24．Why des the authr regard her mther as her best friend?
A．Because they share the same interest in Christmas decratins.
B．Because she always receives encuragement frm her mther.
C．Because her mther gives her a big surprise at every Christmas.
D．Because they are pleased with whatever gifts they give each ther.
25．What can we infer frm the underlined sentences in the third paragraph?
A．The authr’s mther never gets smething fr nthing.
B．The authr’s mther has always been giving rather than taking.
C．The authr feels ashamed f having kept her mther wrking t hard.
D．The authr bitterly regrets having cared little fr her mther in the past.
26．In the authr’s pinin, what’s the best gift fr mms?
A．Lasting memries.B．Lng hliday seasns.
C．Time with their children.D．Things mms never buy in persn.
27．What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Gifts Yur Mm Will Treasure
B．Hw t Make Hlidays Special
C．Memrable Mments with Yur Mm
D．Mm-A Strng Supprter and the Best Friend
【答案】24．B 25．B 26．C 27．A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过给妈妈送礼物这件事讨论了妈妈会珍惜的礼物是什么。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“She’s by my side nt nly fr the gd mments cheering me n with pride, but hlding my hand and letting me use her shulder t cry n thrugh the bad. She refuses t give up n me even when I want t. She is always there t encurage me in the midst f life’s challenges and eager t celebrate life’s jys.(她在我身边，不仅是在美好的时刻为我骄傲地加油，而且在困难的时候握着我的手，让我靠着她的肩膀哭泣。即使我想放弃，她也不肯放弃我。在生活的挑战中，她总是在那里鼓励我，渴望庆祝生活的快乐。)”可知，作者认为她的母亲是她最好的朋友，因为她总是从母亲那里得到鼓励。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据划线部分句子“What hasn’t she dne befre? What is smething that she wuld like, but wuld never, in a millin years, buy herself?(她以前没做过什么？什么东西是她想要的，但永远也不会给自己买的？)”可推知，作者的母亲总是给予而不是索取。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Hwever, the best gifts, I suppse, cannt be wrapped. Set aside time t spend alne with mm.(然而，我想最好的礼物是无法包装的。留出时间和妈妈独处。)”可知，作者认为对于妈妈来说最好的礼物是和孩子在一起的时间。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Year after year, whatever we gave her, she wuld treasure the gifts as thugh she was the luckiest wman n earth.(年复一年，无论我们送她什么，她都会珍惜这些礼物，仿佛她是世界上最幸运的女人。)”、文章第四段“Gifts mm will treasure. S fr the ne wh knws yu best and still lves yu, find a great gift that will shw hw much yu really care and value her supprt. Select a thughtful gift based n what brings her the greatest enjyment.(妈妈会珍惜的礼物。所以，对于那个最了解你，仍然爱你的人，找一份能显示你有多关心和珍惜她支持的礼物吧。选择一份能给她带来最大快乐的礼物。)”和文章第五段“Hwever, the best gifts, I suppse, cannt be wrapped. Set aside time t spend alne with mm.(然而，我想最好的礼物是无法包装的。留出时间和妈妈独处。)”可知，文章主要讨论了妈妈会珍惜的礼物是什么。所以用A项“Gifts Yur Mm Will Treasure”作为文章的题目与文章主题项符合。故选A。
C
African penguins live n the rcky casts f Suth Africa, Namibia and nearby islands. Like ther types f penguins, the birds have white feathers cvering their chests and black feathers cvering their backs. They frm lifelng pair bnds with mates, but they nest in huge clnies — s, scientists wndered hw the birds were able t identify their partners amng the sea f black-and-white birds. They wndered if their chest spts had smething t d with it. T test this thery, they studied 12 African penguins at a z and marine park near Rme called Zmarine Italia.
In ne test, they hung tw life-size phtgraphs f the African penguins. One shwed a randm member f the clny, while the ther shwed the test subject’s mate. The scientists recrded the birds’ interactins with the phts: Hw lng did they spend lking at each ne, as well as hw much time did they spend standing near each phtgraph? The penguins spent mre time gazing at the pht f their partners — abut 23 secnds lnger, n average — than lking at the ther pht. They als std next t the image f their beau s fr twice as lng. Then, the researchers cvered up the heads f the birds in the phtgraphs, leaving nly their speckled bdies visible, and the penguins still lingered near their partners’ prtraits.
In anther experiment, the researchers hung up tw phts f a bird’s mate — but, in ne, they had digitally remved its spts. In this case, the penguin again spent mre time lking at the pht with the dts.
Finally, the researchers psted tw phtgraphs f penguins with digitally remved spts — ne f the test subject’s mate and the ther f a randm penguin frm the clny. In this scenari, the penguins did nt appear t recgnize their partners. They spent rughly the same amunt f time gazing at r standing near bth phts.
Tgether, the results f these experiments suggest African penguins are zering in n their partners’ spts and using them like name tags, scientists say.
“Our results prvide the first evidence f a specific visual cue respnsible fr spntaneus individual recgnitin by a bird and highlight the imprtance f cnsidering all sensry mdalities in the study f animal cmmunicatin,” the researchers write in the paper.
28．What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A．African penguins live n the rcky casts f Nrth Africa.
B．Scientists are curius abut the African penguins.
C．African penguins have white feathers cvering their backs.
D．Scientists studied 12 African penguins nly at a z near Rme.
29．What plays a key rle in African penguins’ identifying their partners?
A．Their partners’ vice.B．Their partners’ heads.
C．Their partners’ back feathers.D．Their partners’ speckled bdies.
30．What des the underlined phrase “zering in n” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Lsing sight f.B．Taking delight in.
C．Paying attentin t.D．Speaking highly f.
31．Where might yu find the passage?
A．In a science reprt.B．In a travel brchure.
C．In a bilgy textbk.D．In a fashin magazine.
【答案】28．B 29．D 30．C 31．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了非洲企鹅与它们的配偶是终身伴侣关系。科学家们进行了一系列实验来研究它们是如何在众多企鹅中识别出自己的伴侣的。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“scientists wndered hw the birds were able t identify their partners amng the sea f black-and-white birds(科学家们想知道这些鸟是如何在黑白相间的鸟类中识别出自己的伴侣的)”可知，科学家们想知道非洲企鹅是如何在众多企鹅中识别自己的伴侣的，即科学家们对非洲企鹅很好奇。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Tgether, the results f these experiments suggest African penguins are zering in n their partners’ spts and using them like name tags, scientists say.(科学家们说，这些实验的结果表明，非洲企鹅正在瞄准伴侣身上的斑点，并把它们当作标签来使用。)”可知，本段在总结一系列实验，得出的结论是：非洲企鹅根据伴侣身上的斑点来识别自己的伴侣。故选D。
30．词句猜测题。根据前文提到的实验过程和画线词组后的“and using them like name tags(把它们当作标签来使用)”可知，非洲企鹅非常关注它们伴侣身上的斑点，并把它们当作名字标签一样。由此可知，zering in n意为“关注”，pay attentin t意为“关注”，符合题意。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“T test this thery, they studied 12 African penguins at a z and marine park near Rme called Zmarine Italia.(为了验证这一理论，他们在罗马附近的动物园和海洋公园研究了12只非洲企鹅。)”、文章第二段“In ne test, they hung tw life-size phtgraphs f the African penguins.(在一项测试中，他们悬挂了两张真人大小的非洲企鹅照片。)”和文章第三段“In anther experiment, the researchers hung up tw phts f a bird’s mate—but, in ne, they had digitally remved its spts.(在另一个实验中，研究人员挂起了两张鸟类配偶的照片——但是，在其中一张照片中，他们用数字技术删除了它的斑点。)”可知，本文着重在介绍实验过程，由此可推知，该文章来自一篇科学报告。故选A。
D
At a cnference last week, I received an interesting piece f advice: “Assume yu are wrng.” The advice came frm Brian Nsek, a fellw psychlgy prfessr. He wasn’t bjecting t any particular claim I’d made — he was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science, and fr encuraging thers t d the same.
T understand the cntext fr Nsek’s advice, we need t take a step back — t the nature f science itself. Despite what many f us learned in elementary schl, there is n single scientific methd. Just as scientific theries change, s d scientific methds.
Assuming yu are right might be a mtivating frce, sustaining the enrmus effrt that cnducting scientific wrk requires. But it als makes it easy t interpret criticisms as persnal attacks, and fr scientific arguments t develp int persnal battles. Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng — a gal that yur critic prbably shares.
Nsek’s advice may sund pessimistic, but it’s nt s freign t science. Philsphers f science smetimes refer t the “pessimistic meta-inductin (元归纳)” n the histry f science: All f ur past scientific theries have been wrng, s surely ur current theries will turn ut t be wrng, t. That desn’t mean we haven’t made prgress, but it des indicate that there is always rm fr imprvement—ways t be less wrng.
I like the advice because it builds in an awareness f ur limitatins and a readiness t accept the unknwn (“there are things I d nt knw!”) alng with a sense that we can d better (“there are things I d nt knw yet!”). It als builds in a sense f cmmunity — we’re all in the same bat when it cmes t falling shrt f getting things right. Perhaps the fcus n a shared gal — ur gal as scientists and humans f being less wrng — can help make up fr any harm in scientific mtivatin r cmmunicatin.
32．Why did Nsek send the advice?
A．T express pinins abut my claims. B．T remind me t be pen t criticism.
C．T encurage me t take up science. D．T better my understanding f psychlgy.
33．Hw des assuming yu are wrng help?
A．It mtivates scientists t make effrts. B．It addresses persnal attacks and cnflicts.
C．It sets a cnstructive imprvement gal. D．It cntributes t a deeper insight int yurself.
34．What des the authr think f science theries?
A．Dynamic. B．Testable. C．Pineering. D．Well-established.
35．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Accept the UnknwnB．Aim t Be Less Wrng
C．Get Engaged in PsychlgyD．Dig int the Nature f Science
【答案】32．B 33．C 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了作者对在科学研究中“假设你是错的”这条建议的看法，并肯定了它所带来的好处。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He wasn’t bjecting t any particular claim I’d made—he was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science, and fr encuraging thers t d the same.(他并没有反对我的任何特定主张——他提出了一个追求更好科学的策略，并鼓励其他人也这样做。)”和第三段中的“Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic prbably shares.(相反，从你错了的假设开始，批评更容易被视为一个有用的提示，一个如何减少错误的建设性建议——这是你的批评者可能也有的同样目标)”可知，Nsek提出的这条建议是一个追求更好科学的策略，从假设自己错了开始，就会更容易接受批评，让自己减少错误，由此可推测出，Nsek提出这条建议是为了提醒作者对批评持开放态度。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic prbably shares.(相反，从你错了的假设开始，批评更容易被视为一个有用的提示，一个如何减少错误的建设性建议——这是你的批评者可能也有的同样目标)”可知，假设你错了可以帮助你获得如何减少错误的建设性建议，而减少错误或许是你和你的批评者的共同目标，由此可推测出，假设你错了可以帮助设立一个建设性的改进目标。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Just as scientific theries change, s d scientific methds.(正如科学理论在变化，科学方法也在变化)”可知，作者认为科学理论是变化的、动态的。故选A。
35．标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句“At a cnference last week, I received an interesting piece f advice: ‘Assume yu are wrng.’(在上周的一次会议上，我收到了一条有趣的建议：‘假设你错了。’)”和最后一段最后一句“Perhaps the fcus n a shared gal—ur gal as scientists and humans f being less wrng—can help make up fr any harm in scientific mtivatin r cmmunicatin.(也许关注一个共同的目标——我们作为科学家和人类的目标是减少错误——可以帮助弥补科学动机或沟通中的任何伤害)”可知，本文主要讨论了在科学研究中“假设你是错的”这个方法，它有助于让所有人关注减少错误这一共同目标，从而让科学取得进步，由此可推测出，B项“力求减少错误”最适合作本文标题。故选B。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pr indr air quality can have health cnsequences that range frm disease f the eyes, nse and thrat t headaches and dizziness. It’s als linked t respiratry (呼吸的) and heart disease. 36 .
●Maximize fresh air
Katherine Pruitt, Natinal Senir Directr fr Plicy at the American Lung Assciatin, ffers three basic steps yu can take t make yur air better at hme. 37 . She says, “Let fresh air frm utside in.” This means that pening up yur windws is ften the simplest way t disperse anything bad that may be accumulating inside. If yu have a central air cnditiner, running it can be a gd way t bring in utside air.
It may make sense t use a fan t imprve indr air quality. Fr instance, yu might place ne near an pen windw t help exhaust indr air t the utdrs.
● 38
The secnd thing yu can d is called surce cntrl, which is keeping surces f pllutants ut f the indr envirnment if yu can, says Pruitt.
It can be as simple, Pruitt says, as leaving yur dry cleaning utside lng enugh t air the harmful chemicals ut.
Cleaning yur hme is helpful. But Pruitt warns that “ 39 .” She advises, “Read the labels and select safer prducts when yu can.”
●Purify the air
Finally, if necessary, the third thing yu can try t imprve yur air is purificatin. Fr instance, if yu want t remve airbrne particles like smke, dust and germs, 40 . “Fr hmes with air cnditiners,” says Pruitt, “yu have a purifier that yu’re suppsed t be changing regularly.”
A．Prevent the air pllutin
B．Cntrl the surce f the pllutants
C．yu shuld fcus n the air quality
D．The first has t d with ventilatin (通风)
E．Here’s hw t keep yur hme’s air clean
F．it may make sense t use an indr air purifier
G．Use f harsh cleaning supplies can intrduce its wn risks
【答案】36．E 37．D 38．B 39．G 40．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。室内空气质量差会对健康造成影响。本文介绍了三个基本步骤让室内的空气更好。
36．根据上文“Pr indr air quality can have health cnsequences that range frm disease f the eyes, nse and thrat t headaches and dizziness. It’s als linked t respiratry (呼吸的) and heart disease.(室内空气质量差会对健康造成影响，从眼睛、鼻子和喉咙疾病到头痛和头晕。它还与呼吸系统疾病和心脏病有关)”可知，空前提到室内空气质量差会对人体健康造成影响，比如与呼吸道相关的疾病和心脏病，而空后提到保持室内空气清洁的方法。故此空应承上启下，引出下文的建议。E项“以下是如何保持你室内空气清洁的方法”符合语境。故选E项。
37．空前“Katherine Pruitt, Natinal Senir Directr fr Plicy at the American Lung Assciatin, ffers three basic steps yu can take t make yur air better at hme.(美国肺脏协会国家高级政策主任Katherine Pruitt提供了三个基本步骤，让你在家里的空气更好)”提到有三个基本步骤可让室内空气更好；再结合第三空下文中的“The secnd thing yu can d is called surce cntrl(你可以做的第二件事叫做源头控制)”可知，此空应介绍三个基本步骤中的第一个步骤。D项“第一个步骤与通风有关”符合语境。故选D项。
38．设空处为小标题，应概括本段主要内容。根据下文“The secnd thing yu can d is called surce cntrl, which is keeping surces f pllutants ut f the indr envirnment if yu can, says Pruitt.(普鲁伊特说，你可以做的第二件事是源头控制，即尽可能将污染源排除在室内环境之外)”可知，本段主要介绍控制污染源。B项“控制污染的来源”可作为本段的小标题，符合语境。故选B项。
39．根据空前的warns和空后的“Read the labels and select safer prducts when yu can.(阅读标签，尽可能选择更安全的产品)”可知，普鲁伊特建议购买更安全的产品。由此可推知，此空应介绍其原因。G项“使用劣质的清洁用品可能会带来风险”与下文构成因果关系，且G项中的harsh cleaning supplies与下文中的safer prducts相呼应，符合语境。故选G项。
40．根据小标题以及上文“Finally, if necessary, the third thing yu can try t imprve yur air is purificatin.(最后，如果有必要，你可以尝试的第三件事就是净化空气)”可知，本段介绍的第三个步骤是净化空气，且空前“Fr instance, if yu want t remve airbrne particles like smke, dust and germs(例如，如果你想去除空气中的颗粒物，如烟雾、灰尘和细菌)”提到remve airbrne particles，即去除空气中的微小颗粒。故F项“使用室内空气净化器可能是有意义的”符合语境。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My sn asked me mnths ag if he culd switch frm his mainstream high schl t a 41 schl. At that time, I was unsure and a little 42
He wasn’t ding well in his schl, and I knew the best thing fr him was t 43 t anther learning envirnment t cmplete his study. But my heart hurt a little that he wuld nt walk the same graduatin 44 that I had walked, and als the scenari (设想) I had created was n lnger beneficial t his 45 .
My sn is extremely 46 and had a small friend grup. Large grups are cmplex fr him. A schl f ver 2,500 kids can be difficult fr anyne, let alne my by with scial 47 .
Then, we decided the vcatinal schl (职业学校) was an ptin with the same general curriculum 48 by ur state t graduate high schl. The 49 he had already earned wuld carry ver, and he culd graduate early.
By allwing him t g there, we have watched him 50 ! The difference is astnishing. He 51 friendship, he was prductive and participated in a life skills curse t help himself with real-life studies, and he 52 with his teachers.
The mst significant change was that he wuld cme hme 53 , enthusiastic abut his day, and excited t 54 hw his day had gne.
As his mmma, it is all I needed t knw that my sn has chsen what was 55 fr him.
41．A．cmpulsryB．technicalC．unprfessinalD．academic
42．A．heartbrkenB．nervusC．angryD．cnfused
43．A．applyB．adaptC．transferD．talk
44．A．ceremnyB．mmentC．dilemmaD．stage
45．A．curriculumB．wellbeingC．friendshipD．decisin
46．A．baldB．generusC．straightfrwardD．shy
47．A．anxietyB．cnductC．respnsibilityD．awareness
48．A．studiedB．canceledC．requiredD．banned
49．A．creditsB．subjectsC．medalsD．reputatins
50．A．graduateB．wrsenC．thriveD．suffer
51．A．frmedB．understdC．abandnedD．remembered
52．A．gt awayB．made upC．lined upD．gt alng
53．A．cryingB．murmuringC．cmplainingD．smiling
54．A．versellB．learnC．shareD．predict
55．A．affrdableB．suitableC．availableD．sensible
【答案】
41．B 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．B 46．D 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．C 51．A 52．D 53．D 54．C 55．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述儿子有社交焦虑，作者将他转去职业学校后他改变很大，作者知道自己为儿子选择了适合他的东西。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个月前，我儿子问我他能不能从主流高中转到技术学校。A. cmpulsry强制的；B. technical技术性的；C. unprfessinal非专业的；D. academic学术的。根据第四段中“we decided the vcatinal schl (职业学校) was an ptin”可知，儿子问作者能不能从主流高中转到技术学校，故选B。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候，我很不确定，还有点心碎。A. heartbrken心碎的；B. nervus紧张的；C. angry生气的；D. cnfused困惑的。根据语境及下一段中“But my heart hurt a little”可知，儿子想转到职业学校，作者有点心碎，故选A。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在学校表现不好，我知道对他来说最好的办法就是转到另一个学习环境去完成他的学业。A. apply申请；B. adapt适应；C. transfer转移，转学；D. talk谈论。根据上文“if he culd switch frm his mainstream high schl t a _______ schl”可知，此处和“switch”同义，指转到另一个学习环境，故选C。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我的心有点痛，他不会再走我走过的那个毕业舞台，我所创造的设想也不再有利于他的幸福。A. ceremny典礼；B. mment时刻；C. dilemma困境；D. stage舞台。结合语境及空前的“graduatin”可知，儿子要转学，不会再走作者走过的那个毕业舞台，故选D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. curriculum课程；B. wellbeing健康，幸福；C. friendship友谊；D. decisin决定。上文提到儿子想转学，结合下文“A schl f ver 2,500 kids can be difficult fr anyne, let alne my by with scial _______”可知，儿子有社交焦虑，故这所学生很多的学校对儿子的健康没有好处，故选B。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我儿子非常害羞，朋友圈很小。A. bald秃顶的；B. generus慷慨的；C. straightfrward直截了当的；D. shy害羞的。根据“had a small friend grup”可知，儿子朋友少，说明他害羞，不善于交友，故选D。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一所有2500多名学生的学校对任何人来说都很困难，更不用说我那有社交焦虑症的儿子了。A. anxiety焦虑；B. cnduct行为；C. respnsibility责任；D. awareness意识。根据上文“My sn is extremely _______ and had a small friend grup.”可知，儿子朋友很少，故应是有社交焦虑，故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们决定选择职业学校，与我们州要求高中毕业的普通课程相同。A. studied学习；B. canceled取消；C. required要求，需要；D. banned禁止。根据空后的“by ur state t graduate high schl”可知，我们州要求职业学校和高中毕业的普通课程相同，故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他已经获得的学分可以结转，他可以提前毕业。A. credits学分；B. subjects科目；C. medals奖章；D. reputatins名誉。根据“and he culd graduate early”可知，可以提前毕业，故此处指学分可以结转，学分够了就可以毕业，故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过让他去那里，我们看到了他的成长。A. graduate毕业；B. wrsen变得更糟；C. thrive茁壮成长；D. suffer遭受。根据下文“He _______ friendship, he was prductive and participated in a life skills curse”可知，儿子去职业学校后的成长很明显，故选C。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他建立了友谊，他很有成效，参加了一个生活技能课程来帮助自己在现实生活中学习，他和老师相处得很好。A. frmed形成，建立；B. understd理解；C. abandned遗弃；D. remembered想起，记得。上文提到儿子朋友少，根据空后的“friendship”可知，此处指他交到了朋友，frm friendship“建立友谊”，故选A。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. gt away离开；B. made up构成，编造；C. lined up排队；D. gt alng相处。根据空后的“with his teachers”可知，此处指他和老师相处得很好，故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的变化是，他会微笑着回家，对他的一天充满热情，并兴奋地分享他的一天是如何度过的。A. crying哭泣；B. murmuring低语；C. cmplaining抱怨；D. smiling微笑。根据“…enthusiastic abut his day, and excited…”可知，儿子现在很积极，会微笑着回家，故选D。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. versell吹嘘；B. learn学习；C. share分享；D. predict预测。根据空后“hw his day had gne”可知，儿子回家后会分享自己在学校是如何度过的，故选C。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为他的妈妈，我只需要知道我的儿子选择了适合他的东西。A. affrdable买得起的；B. suitable合适的；C. available可获得的；D. sensible明智的。根据上文描述的儿子的积极变化可知，作者为儿子选择了适合他的东西，故选B。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Farmers begin t grw caca trees in sme prvinces in Suth China. 56 (rigin), the trees grw in the shady areas f rainfrests near the Earth’s equatr, which require 57 exact amunt f water, warmth, sil and prtectin. After abut five years, caca trees start prducing large fruits 58 (call) pds, which grw near the trunk f the tree. The seeds inside these pds are harvested t make chclate. There are several kinds f caca trees. Mst f the wrld’s chclate 59 (make) frm the Fraster caca tree. But Chinese farmers can als grw Crill r Trinitari caca trees. Grwing caca trees 60 (be) very hard wrk fr farmers because caca trees grw n n farms are much 61 (easily) threatened by diseases and insects than wild trees are. They have t find many ways t deal with the damage.
Tday, chclate industry is develping Chinese elements as chclate shapes. The “big chclate 62 (cnsume)”, such as Belgium, Italy, Germany and ther Eurpean cuntries, als have designers t integrate Chinese elements int the chclate mdeling. In recent years, cultural and creative chclates have been intrduced 63 a variety f ways. Frm delicate clth cins and silver lcks t natinal 64 (treasure) and ancient buildings, they can be turned int delicius fd n the tip f the tngue, 65 peple can taste buds thrugh the time tunnel and feel the histry and culture.
【答案】
56．Originally 57．an 58．called 59．is made 60．is 61．mre easily 62．cnsumers 63．in 64．treasures 65．s
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国种植可可树的现状以及中国元素在巧克力设计中的体现。
56．考查副词。句意：最初，这些树生长在地球赤道附近的热带雨林的阴凉地区，这需要一定数量的水、温暖、土壤和保护。设空处位于句首，修饰整个句子，应用副词riginally“原来，起初”，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Originally。
57．考查冠词。句意：最初，这些树生长在地球赤道附近的热带雨林的阴凉地区，这需要一定数量的水、温暖、土壤和保护。an amunt f“许多”，为固定短语，句中的amunt被exact修饰，而exact的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：大约五年后，可可树开始结被称为豆荚的大型果实，这些果实长在树的树干附近。主句的谓语为start，所以设空处应用非谓语动词，call“把……叫做”与fruits 之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故应用过去分词形式，作后置定语，修饰large fruits。故填called。
59．考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：世界上大部分的巧克力都是由福拉斯特罗可可树制成的。本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语chclate为不可数名词，谓语应用第三人称单数形式；chclate与make“制作”之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is made。
60．考查时态、主谓一致。句意：种植可可树对农民来说是非常辛苦的工作，因为种植在农场的可可树比野生的可可树更容易受到疾病和昆虫的威胁。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主句主语是动名词短语Grwing caca trees，be动词用is。故填is。
61．考查形容词比较级。句意：种植可可树对农民来说是非常辛苦的工作，因为种植在农场的可可树比野生的可可树更容易受到疾病和昆虫的威胁。根据空前的much和空后的than可知，此处需要使用比较级形式mre easily“更容易”。故填mre easily。
62．考查名词。句意：“巧克力消费大户”，像比利时、意大利、德国和欧洲其他国家，也有设计师将中国元素融入巧克力造型中。根据句意可知，此处表达“消费者”的含义；而根据后面列举的国家可知，应用cnsumer的复数。故填cnsumers。
63．考查固定短语。句意：近些年来，文化创意巧克力以各种方式被推出。此处表示“以……方式”，应用介词in。故填in。
64．考查名词的数。句意：从精美的布币和银锁到国家宝藏和古代建筑，人们可以将它们变成舌尖上的美食，这样人们就能通过时间隧道品尝新芽并体验历史和文化。分析句子结构可知，treasure意为“宝物”时为可数名词，此处“国家宝藏”表示复数概念，应用复数形式。故填treasures。
65．考查连词。句意：从精美的布币和银锁到国家宝藏和古代建筑，人们可以将它们变成舌尖上的美食，这样人们就能通过时间隧道品尝新芽并体验历史和文化。根据句意可知，空后的句子是前面食物造型多种多样的结果，因此用连词s表因果关系。故填s。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66．同普通话一样，地方方言也是我们中华文化的重要组成部分。请你以“Prtect And Pass On Our Dialects”为题写一篇短文向你校英语报文化专栏投稿，内容包括：
1. 地方方言的发展现状;
2. 地方方言的重要作用;
3. 呼吁大家保护地方方言。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：普通话 mandarin
Prtect And Pass On Our Dialects
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【答案】范文
Prtect And Pass On Our Dialects
Recent years have witnessed that fewer and fewer yung peple are capable f speaking their dialects. Dialects are facing challenges and lsing grund gradually.
While mandarin is crucial fr mst Chinese peple, the significance f lcal dialects is undeniable. Actually, nt nly are dialects cmmunicatin tls, but they als play a very imprtant rle in cultural heritage, representing ur rts and histry. Furthermre, it is dialects that cntribute t the diversity f cultures in different regins.
Therefre, it is high time that dialects shuld be preserved s that they can be heard by the next generatins. Let’s embrace and celebrate the diversity f ur dialects, ensuring their survival fr generatins t cme.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Prtect And Pass On Our Dialects”为题写一篇短文向你校英语报文化专栏投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：crucial→vital
无可争辩的：undeniable→incntestable
庆祝：celebrate→bserve
确保：ensure→make sure
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Recent years have witnessed that fewer and fewer yung peple are capable f speaking their dialects. Dialects are facing challenges and lsing grund gradually.
拓展句：Dialects are facing challenges and lsing grund gradually because recent years have witnessed that fewer and fewer yung peple are capable f speaking their dialects.
【点睛】[高分句型1] While mandarin is crucial fr mst Chinese peple, the significance f lcal dialects is undeniable. (运用了while引导让步状语从句)
[高分句型2] Let’s embrace and celebrate the diversity f ur dialects, ensuring their survival fr generatins t cme. (运用了现在分词作状语)
第二节（满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a child, I distinctly remembered watching sme PBS cartn character get glasses; the pr girl was made fun f by her peers when playing basketball. I silently thanked Gd fr my gd eyesight — but I spke t sn.
When I entered the sixth grade, I culd n lnger see writing n the whitebard clearly. S, I received my first pair f glasses. I nly wre them in the classrm, and didn’t mind them t much. Self-image was nt imprtant fr the then little girl.
Entering my freshman year in high schl, I began t miss basketball shts in games — mre s than usual. My eyes were re-examined, and the dctr determined that my eyesight had becme wrse. I wuld either have t wear glasses full time, r try cntacts (隐形眼镜). Being the passinate athlete I was, I bypassed the annyance f glasses and began t wear cntacts. My entire wrld was transfrmed. Trees actually had leaves. The faces arund me radiated individual expressins. And I culd see the basket a whle lt better nw. I was verjyed with my newfund sight — and appearance.
When my senir year came alng, I began t have truble with my right eye. It gt t the pint where whenever I wre my cntacts, my right eye wuld suffer an intlerable, stabbing pain, frcing me t take the cntacts ut. It was physically impssible t wear them. I wuld be in the dctr’s ffice at least three times a mnth, trying t slve the mystery f the prblem with my eye.
I was beginning t get frustrated. I didn’t mind wearing my glasses t see the bard in schl, but all the time? At dances? At basketball games? N. That was nt kay with me. I culdn’t imagine hw I wuld be laughed at by my peers n the curt. I hped and prayed the dctr wuld cure my illness sn. That hpe was sn crushed. N medicine had wrked, and there was nthing left t try. He advised that I wear my glasses full time. But I culdn’t hate my glasses mre.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Whenever smene walked up t me, I wuld immediately be seized by embarrassment.
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Hwever, a kind girl named Anne als with glasses in the basketball team made me feel better.
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【答案】Whenever smene walked up t me, I wuld immediately be seized by embarrassment. Self-cnscius abut the ugly thing cvering my eyes, I cnstantly remved the glasses frm my face. My self-image fr a girl at that age was t imprtant. I hated the way my glasses fgged up in the cld, r hw they were pushed crked whenever smene gave me a hug. I felt wrthless in them. S, I began t wear my glasses as little as pssible. I accepted missing shts in basketball practices and failing in the games, cupled with the cnsequential headaches and wrsening sight. Myself-cnfidence hit a new lw.
Hwever, a kind girl named Anne als with glasses in the basketball team made me feel better. “Yu are beautiful, girl, with r withut the glasses,” Anne apprached me ne day after practice. As a girl carrying the same burden, Anne didn’t let wearing glasses get in the way f her beauty frm inside and ut. She always tk me t practices, games and even schl dances, glwing with cnfidence. It hit me then that it wasn’t my schlmates wh were ridiculing me. I was the ne passing judgement n myself. I learned t be cmfrtable in my glasses n and ff the curt, and I can see myself clearly nw.
【导语】本文以眼镜为线索展开，讲述了作者因为看了卡通人物Arthur戴眼镜而被嘲笑的故事后，对戴眼镜的行为很抗拒，所以在视力变差之后作者选择了戴隐形眼镜，但是在大二的时候，戴隐形眼镜让作者眼睛产生刺痛感，但是医生检查不出问题，也没有解决办法，医生建议作者全程戴（有框）眼镜，但作者非常讨厌（有框）眼镜。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“每当有人走到我面前，我都会立刻感到尴尬。”可知，第一段可描写作者戴上了（有框）眼镜，因为之前对戴眼镜的抗拒而在戴眼镜之后出现的心理和行为上的变化。
②由第二段首句内容“然而，篮球队里一个叫安妮的善良女孩也戴着眼镜，这让我感觉好多了。”可知，第二段可描写作者通过跟这个女孩的相处，改变了对戴眼镜的看法，认识到自信才是最重要的。
2.续写线索：戴上（有框）眼镜——变得自卑和自闭——遇见外向女孩——成为朋友——改变态度
3.词汇激活
行为类
①接受：accept/take up
②接近：apprach/get clse t
③嘲笑：ridicule/make fun f
情绪类
①厌恶：hate/dislike
②自信：cnfidence/self-assurance
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I hated the way my glasses fgged up in the cld, r hw they were pushed crked whenever smene gave me a hug. (运用了省略关系代词引导的限制性定语从句，hw引导的宾语从句和whenever引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]. It hit me then that it wasn’t my schlmates wh were ridiculing me. (运用了It形式主语，that引导的主语从句和wh引导的限制性定语从句)