2024年高考押题预测卷01（上海卷）英语（考试版）

这是一份2024年高考押题预测卷01（上海卷）英语（考试版），共12页。
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
I.Listening Cmprehensin （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
A. A laundry staff member. B.A tailr fr men's clthes.
C. A telephne peratr D. A mine wrker
2. A. Driving. B. Reading. C. Shpping. D. Walking.
3. A. $15. B.$5. C.$10. D.S20.
4. A. A yellw light B. A rad accident C. A rbbery. D. A TV prgramme.
5. A. There will be t many peple at the party.
B. He feels srry that the wman is nt cming.
C. It makes peple happier t have mre parties.
D. The wman can bring her brther t the party.
6. A. The wman culd use his ruler.
B. He's faster at ding calculatins.
C. He will finish the measurement sn.
D. The wman’s ruler is better than his.
7. A. The final begins next week.
B. The man shuld check with his dctr again.
C. She wants the man t attend the final with her.
D. She hpes the man will be able t play in the final.
8. A. He's angry. B. He feels sick.
C. He gets n well with thers. D. He prefers t study alne.
9. A. It prvides reading materials fr waiting peple.
B. He had t wait a lng time fr a seat there.
C. The seats used there are uncmfrtable.
D. He wasn't able t find a seat there.
10. A. G t the ballet later in the year. B. Take ballet lessns with his sister.
C. Find a schedule f future perfrmances. D. Get a ticket frm his sister.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the shrt passages and the lnger cnversatin. The shrt passages and the lnger cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11.A. Clleagues have face-t-face cnversatin with him.
B.Clleagues in the same ffice email him at wrk.
C.He has t use LinkedIn fr wrk and jbs.
D.He feel islated frm his family.
12. A. Time travel. B. 3D printers. C. Internet f things. D.Fitness
13. A. Curius. B. Dubtful. C. Uninterested. D. Cnfident
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14.A. A scial trend. B. A writer. C. A she cmpany. D. A bk
15.A. New styles f shes were develped.
B.Designers started wearing the shes.
C. The cmpany made effrts t advertise its shes.
D. Manhattan clubs prmted the shes t the custmer.
16. A. They will spread much faster. B. Advertising campaigns stpped.
C. Only a few peple will ntice them. D. Wrd-f-muth marketing began t wrk.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. Classmates. B. Rmmates. C. Cusins. D. Clleagues.
18. A. He culdn't decide n a tpic fr his paper.
B. He hadn't heard frm his family in a while.
C. He thught the wman had been ill
D. He thught his paper was late.
19. A. T classify different kinds f hney.B. T find their way back hme.
C. T lcate favurite plants.D. T identify relatives.
20. A. Write a paper. B. Visit his parents.
C. Plan a family reunin. D. Observe bees m the lab.
II. Grammar and Vcabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Several years ag, a c-wrker invited me ver fr a classic scial traditin: a game night. I dn’t like bard games. When I’m hanging ut with thers, I much prefer the free flw f cnversatin____21____ the structure f cmpetitin. _____22_____ ________ smene starts explaining the game rules, my brain tends t invluntarily tune ut, a defense mechanism against unwanted and useless infrmatin.
S bviusly, eager t make new friends. I tld my c-wrk I was in.
The evening was disappinting. An alarmingly cmplex game was first explained and then repeated, upn my request. I 23 (assure) that I’d “get it after a cuple f runds,” which never happened. I was s bad that I was ruining everyne eles’s experience with my unpredictable plays and cnstant need 24 (remind) f what was happening.
25 these peple kindly became my friends anyway, I was never invited back t anther game night. “We just knw yu’re nt really a game persn, ” ne f them later tld me, eyes 26 (slide) sideward.
Nt being a game persn nwadays can make ne feel like an exceptin. Bard games, which in 2021 were a $13. 4 billin glbal market, are surging in ppularity. There are peple wh lve scializing thrugh games in every twn, 27 makes my resistance t them feel unacceptable. Maybe, I thught, I was missing 28 abut the scial value f games. Games can reveal peple’s cre qualities: hw they react when they’re stressed, hw they cperate in a team, r hw they behave when they win r lse.
Hwever, I still have a general sense 29 they’re a silly way t pass time. When I think abut the leisure activities I “indulge” in, such as cycling, they tend t have bnus benefits. Thrugh cycling, my friends and I can share experiences that simulate the variable cnditins f life: jy and pain, uncertainty and achievement. We can all reap rewards frm bnding thrugh playful activities: 30 we see as play just varies. I get that nw. But t be clear, there’s still n need t invite me t yur game night.
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Jack Lndn: A Fascinating Character
When ne mentins Jack Lndn, the mst cmmn cntemprary references that pp t mind are The Call f the Wild and White Fang. Hwever, upn a clser lk at the authr, the true depth f hw varied and interesting his life and wrks were can really be 31 .
Lndn is cnsidered America’s best authr by many. Mst successful and at ease writing shrt stries, he was als the first authr t becme genuinely wealthy during his lifetime frm selling his wrk. Hwever, this did nt happen vernight: in fact, Lndn received 600 32 befre his first stry was published fr a spread ut payment f $5.
During his 40 years, Lndn seemed t have lived 1000 33 . By the age f 18, he had already wrked as a cal miner, wrked n sealing ships and can factries, and been in a(n) 34 f beggars. At 17, he went t jail in Buffal, NY fr 30 days due t the latter, an experience which prved t be ne that even the prductive writer himself called 35 .
When he did return t his frmal educatin, he cmpleted high schl and then attended UC Berkley, which had been a majr dream fr him. Hwever, he stpped after just ne semester as he ran ut f mney and carried n t 36 the Klndike Gld Rush with his brther-in-law. That wuld later be the 37 fr sme f his mst famus wrks. It was als in the Yukn that Lndn became very ill and began writing. When he returned hme, he 38 t becme a cmmercially successful writer and began t write 1000 wrds daily. He wrte f adventure, plitics, humanity, survival, ften 39 frm a large number f him persnal experiences.
Lndn died at the age f 40, frm a drug verdse. It is nt knwn whether it was 40 r nt, as he made many references t suicide thrughut his wrks.
II. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
Is a Science-Based Educatin the Way t G?
In this present age when we are heavily dependent n science and technlgy, a science-based educatin system naturally becmes prevalent t equip the yung with knwledge f the 41 f ur wrld arund them. The varius disciplines f science, such as bilgy and astrnmy, certainly help us t grasp nt nly the 42 f Earth, but als the significance f human beings in the universe. Mrever, as peple naturally have an inbrn desire t cntrl the envirnment, a science-based educatin seems t be well 43 t humanity’s inquisitive nature. 44 , it remains questinable whether a science-based educatin is able t paint a cmplete picture f the wrld.
Certainly, it equips us with the knwledge f 45 which is necessary fr us t make sense f the wrld. By laying the fundatin f the skills in students, they will be equipped with the necessary skills t discver the wrld as 46 by science tday. A classic example is Gregr Mendel’s famus pea plant experiment. Withut this, we wuld nt have understd the 47 f ur genes, nr the reasns why ffspring may lk strikingly similar t their parents.
Additinally, the scientific methd highlights the imprtance f 48 , which is instrumental in the acquisitin f knwledge. In a typical science-based educatinal system, students are taught t bjectively analyze empirical data and derive scientific principles. Besides, a science-based educatin empwers us t 49 precnceived(预想的) cncepts instead f merely accepting “facts” at face value.
Despite its 50 , a science-based educatin des nt always enlighten us abut certain aspects f the wrld that can’t be ratinalized thrugh the scientific methd. Thugh it explains hw the wrld wrks, it is lacking as it des nt 51 much abut why things happen. Fr example, science can prvide a neurlgical explanatin n hw we perceive breathtaking scenery, but it can’t explain what cnstitutes beauty r why we are s innately drawn t it. Thus, t 52 , the Arts ffer us insightful perspectives n the rle f science and the wrld at large.
Mrever, science may have great emphasis n prgress that may cme at a great 53 t the wrld. A science-based educatin that fcuses slely n the latest scientific breakthrughs may well 54 the study f ethical cntrversies and significant histrical events. Fr instance, it remains t be seen whether clning is mrally acceptable.
In cnclusin, a science-based educatin cupled with adequate expsure t ethics, values and the humanities wuld 55 students with a deeper insight int the cmplex nature f the wrld.
41．A．mechanicsB．inventinsC．truthsD．bjectives
42．A．significanceB．evlutinC．cmpsitinD．prspect
43．A．subjectedB．reducedC．entitledD．tailred
44．A．NeverthelessB．MreverC．InsteadD．Therefre
45．A．dubtB．suspicinC．inquiryD．cnsultatin
46．A．framedB．explainedC．assessedD．justified
47．A．dependenceB．burstC．cnsciusnessD．functin
48．A．bjectivityB．illustratinC．curisityD．inquiry
49．A．denyB．challengeC．dismissD．highlight
50．A．marginsB．expensesC．initiativesD．virtues
51．A．wrryB．careC．revealD．enclse
52．A．draw a parallelB．make ends meetC．strike a balanceD．make a cmparisn
53．A．cstB．advantageC．discuntD．angle
54．A．underlineB．priritizeC．furtherD．neglect
55．A．assistB．furnishC．ccupyD．engage
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
What was the best gift I ever received? Well, I’m a music lver, s I’d have t say it was either a Sptify subscriptin r my tp-f-the-range Sny MDR-7506 headphnes. Tgether they’ve prvided me with cuntless hurs f high-quality audi accmpaniment. Grwing up in a lving, well-ff family in ne f the richest cuntries in the wrld, what mre culd I want?
Giving gifts t lved nes is great: it’s a rewarding way t spread jy and strengthen friendships and family ties. But at this time f year I’m always reminded f hw many peple nt nly get n presents but als lack the basics t allw them t live healthy lives. Fr me, luxury headphnes were the perfect gift; fr the wrld’s prest, it wuld be nutritius fd, clean water and health care.
The prest 10% f the wrld’s ppulatin, sme 700 millin peple, live n less than $1.90 per day. And that’s adjusting fr lcal purchasing pwer: they live n what $1.90 wuld buy in the
U.S. Faced with this kind f budget, and ften gegraphically islated, they are frced t eat whatever they can find and drink and wash in unsafe water. They can nly pray that they dn’t succumb t malnutritin, malaria r any number f ther diseases that, while perfectly curable in rich cuntries, frequently ruin r end lives in the develping wrld.
I dn’t seek t make anyne feel guilty fr exchanging luxury gds with the peple they lve. But it seems t me that there’s anther type f giving that is, if anything, even mre prfund: giving the basics f life t thse mst in need. Sure, yu might nt get a thank-yu letter(wh des these days?), but yu’ll have dne smething extrardinary.
Hwever, I’m nt just interested in peple giving mre t charity(althugh that is imprtant). I’m als passinate abut peple giving smarter, because where yu give can make a huge difference n the impact yu’ll have.
What d I mean by that? Well, t start with, there’s a reasn I’ve been talking abut the develping wrld. Even average earners in the West are incredibly rich cmpared with the glbal pr, s a sum f mney cnsidered mderate fr sme culd make a huge difference in the prest cuntries.
That’s nt t say that all develping wrld pverty-relief charities ate gd at making a difference—that’s certainly nt the case. Plenty f mney dnated in gd faith is lst t lcal crruptin, pr administratin r prgrams f interventin that sund great in thery but dn’t achieve much in practice. As a result, it’s crucial t lk at the effectiveness f the wrk a charity des befre cmmitting yur mney. Hw much gd des it achieve fr each dllar dnated? Is there rbust evidence fr the impact f its prgrams?
It’s nt always easy fr peple t find the answers, but they are vital questins t ask. That’s why there are nw rganizatins devted t finding and prmting the best charities. As part f the effective-altruism(利他主义) mvements, they are dedicated t helping peple make the biggest pssible difference with their dnatins.
I lve my music, and I lve my headphnes. But this year, the best gift I culd get is t see as many peple as pssible giving generusly t the mst effective charities in the wrld.
56．What des the phrase “succumb t”(paragraph 3, line 5)mean?
A．be unaffected byB．cease ppsitin t
C．be uncnnected withD．help t cause
57．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．The authr thinks that peple giving luxury gifts t the nes they lve shuld feel guilty.
B．The authr believes that there is nthing mre he wants because he grws up in very rich family.
C．The authr argues that cmpared with thse pr, an rdinary wrker in the West desn’t earn much.
D．The authr says that sme diseases which might be deadly in pr cuntries can be cured in develped cuntries.
58．Which f the fllwing statements can yu pssibly infer frm the passage?
A．Peple used t receive a letter f cmpliment frm the receiver after they dnated mney t charities.
B．Giving smarter means that thse wh dnate shuld knw clearly hw the charity wrks with the gvernment.
C．Sme charity prgrams fail t achieve much and seem t be less effective because they are nt very practical.
D．The rganizatins devted t finding the best charities aim t appeal t peple t dnate mre mney.
59．Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
A．Giving the basics f life t thse in need
B．Giving best gifts t yur belved nes
C．Making the best gift cunt
D．The effective-altruism mvement
(B)
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As Frans de Waal, a primatlgist (灵长动物学家), recgnizes, a better way t think abut ther creatures wuld be t ask urselves hw different species have develped different kinds f minds t slve different adaptive prblems. Surely the imprtant questin is nt whether animals can d the same things humans can, but hw thse animals slve the cgnitive (认知的) prblems they face, like hw t imitate the sea flr. Children and sme animals are s interesting nt because they are smart like us, but because they are smart in ways we haven’t even cnsidered.
Smetimes studying children’s ways f knwing can cast light n adult-human cgnitin. Children’s pretend play may help us understand ur adult taste fr fictin. De Waal’s research prvides anther interesting example. We human beings tend t think that ur scial relatinships are rted in ur perceptins, beliefs, and desires, and ur understanding f the perceptins, beliefs, and desires f thers — what psychlgists call ur “thery f mind.” In the 80s and 90s, develpmental psychlgists shwed that pre-schlers and even infants understand minds apart frm their wn. But it was hard t shw that ther animals did the same. “Thery f mind” became a candidate fr the special, uniquely human trick.
Yet de Waal’s studies shw that chimps (黑猩猩) pssess a remarkably develped plitical intelligence — they are much interested in figuring ut scial relatinships. It turns ut, as de Waal describes, that chimps d infer smething abut what ther chimps see. But experimental studies als suggest that this happens nly in a cmpetitive plitical cntext. The evlutinary anthrplgist (人类学家) Brain Hare and his clleagues gave a junir chimp a chice between pieces f fd that a dminant chimp had seen hidden and ther pieces it had nt seen hidden. The junir chimp, wh watched all the hiding, stayed away frm the fd the dminant chimp had seen, but tk the fd it hadn’t seen.
Anyne wh has gne t an academic cnference will recgnize that we may be in the same situatin. We may say that we sign up because we’re eager t find ut what ther human beings think, but we’re just as interested in wh’s n tp. Many f the plitical judgments we make there dn’t have much t d with ur thery f mind. We may shw ur respect t a famus prfessr even if we have n respect fr his ideas.
Until recently, hwever, there wasn’t much research int hw humans develp and emply this kind f plitical knwledge. It may be that we understand the scial wrld in terms f dminance, like chimps, but we’re just nt usually as plitically mtivated as they are. Instead f asking whether we have a better everyday thery f mind, we might wnder whether they have a better everyday thery f plitics.
63．Accrding t the first paragraph, which f the fllwing shws that an animal is smart?
A．It can behave like a human kid.
B．It can imitate what human beings d.
C．It can find a slutin t its wn prblem.
D．It can figure ut thse adaptive prblems.
64．Which f the fllwing statements best illustrates ur “thery f mind”?
A．We talk with infants in a way that they can fully understand.
B．We make guesses at what thers think while interacting with them.
C．We hide ur emtins when we try establishing cntact with a stranger.
D．We try t understand hw kids’ pretend play affects ur taste fr fictin.
65．What can be inferred frm the passage?
A．Neither human nr animals display their preference fr dminance.
B．Animals living in a cmpetitive plitical cntext are smarter.
C．Bth humans and sme animals have plitical intelligence.
D．Humans are mre interested in wh’s n tp than animals.
66．By the underlined sentence in the last paragraph, the writer means that ________.
A．we knw little abut hw chimps are plitically mtivated
B．ur plitical knwledge desn’t always determine hw we behave
C．ur thery f mind might enable us t understand ur thery f plitics
D．mre research shuld be cnducted t understand animals’ scial wrld
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
The majrity f the nearly 2 billin punds f pumpkins cultivated in the US each year are carved up instead f being eaten, making the pumpkins a unique part f the agriculture industry. Fr peple wh prefer seasnal recipes t decratins, that may raise a few questins: Are the pumpkins sld fr jack-'-lantens different frm punpkins sld as fd? 67
The pumpkins available at farms and utside supermarkets during Octber are what mst peple knw, but that's just ne type f pumpkin. Hwden pumpkins are the mst cmmn decrative pumpkin variety. They've been bred specifically fr carving int jack-'-lanterns, with a symmetrical (对称的) rund shape and tugh stem that acts as a handle.
68 They have walls that are thin enugh t pke a cheap knife thrugh and a texture that's unappealing cmpared t the pumpkins cnsumers are used t eating. “Uncut carving pumpkins are safe t eat; hwever, it's nt the best type t use fr cking,” Daria McKelvey, a supervisr fr the Kemper Center fr Hme Gardening at the Missuri Btanical Garden, tells Mental Flss.
T get the best-tasting pumpkins pssible this autumn, yu're better ff aviding the seasnal supermarket displays. Many pumpkins varieties are bred especially fr cking and eating. These include Sugar pie, Kabcha, and Cinderella pumpkins. Yu can shp fr thse varieties by name at lcal farms r in the prduce sectin f yur grcery stre. They shuld be easy t tell apart frm the carving pumpkins available fr Hallween: 69 This is part f the reasn why they taste better.
If yu d want t get sme cking use ut f yur carving pumpkins this Hallween, set aside the seeds when picking ut the guts. Rasted with flavrs and live il, seeds frm different pumpkin varieties becme a tasty and nutritius snack. 70 There are many ways t recycle yur jack-'-lanterns, but turning them int a pie isn't ne f them. “If ne des plan n cking with a carving pumpkin, it shuld be intact,” McKelvey says. “Never use ne that's been carved int a jack-'-lantern, therwise yu culd be dealing with bacteria, dirt and dust.”
IV.Summary Writing
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint( s)f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Obstacles t the crrect decisin
Life is full f chices, sme incnsequential, sme really significant. But smetimes it can be hard t make the crrect ne. What are the bstacles that stand between us and a gd utcme?
Sme f us just find it hard t decide. Alice Byes, writing fr Harvard Business Review, tells us this can be cnnected t perfectinism, where peple attempt t find a perfect slutin t any prblem and are unable t mve frward when they can’t find ne. It might seem that being indecisive wuld stp us making the right decisin, but in fact it culd actually help us make the crrect nes.
Susan Krauss in Psychlgy Tday reminds us that peple ften make bad decisins because they base them n precnceptins rather than the cntext in which things happen. She highlights a paper by researcher Iris Schneider which finds that indecisive peple are mre likely t lk at different perspectives and use them t cme t a better decisin. S, it culd be that a mre significant barrier t making the best chice is ur cgnitive biases.
David Rbsn tells us that intelligence can smetimes stp peple making the right decisin. Peple smetimes use intelligence t invent justificatins fr irratinal beliefs. He believes that humility is key t making a gd decisin. Peple wh can accept that they might be wrng are mre likely t cnsider different viewpints. He is backed up n this by Jeff Bezs. Tech CEO Jasn Fried recalls the Amazn funder saying hw the peple wh were right a lt f the time were the peple wh ften changed their minds.
S, maybe rather than indecisin, it might be intelligence and decisiveness, backed up by ur biases that actually stp us making gd chices while humility and indecisiveness culd help us pick the best ptin.
71.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V.Translatin (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72．这个包又脏又粘，他却没想过要洗洗。（ccur）
73．这个村庄位于山间，这使得普通的车辆很难到达那里。(inaccessible)
74．实验结果与我们所期望的大相径庭，但我们相信探索越多，就越可能成功。(likely)
75．无论手头的事情多么重要或微不足道，我们都应该谨慎对待我们做的每一个决定，因为失之毫厘，差以千里。(difference)
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese
假设你是明启中学高三学生李华，外国教授Jane Wilsn将于你校开展一个有关生涯规划的讲座，现向全校学生征集大家感兴趣的问题，并会在讲座中进行解答。给教授写一封邮件，内容须包括：
1）中国学生最感兴趣的两个有关生涯规划的问题；
2）你的理由。
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A．Whatever yu d, make sure yur pumpkin isn't carved up already when yu decide t ck with it.
B．D Hallween pumpkins have the tendency t replace thse used fr eating in the lng run?
C．Because they're bred t be decratin first, carving pumpkins dn't taste very gd.
D．A pumpkin used fr cking and eating is grwn fr the flavr, featuring a texture ppular amng cnsumers.
E．Unlike decrative pumpkins, cking pumpkins are small and dense.
F．And are Hallween pumpkins any gd t eat?