2024年黑龙江省大庆市高考英语第三次质检试卷（含详细答案解析）

这是一份2024年黑龙江省大庆市高考英语第三次质检试卷（含详细答案解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
The UK's greatest ftball grunds
The British ftball grunds featured in this guide are sme f the best in the whle wrld.Sme stadiums have celebrated mre success than thers，but each grund has its wn rich heritage and unique atmsphere.
Craven Cttage，Lndn
Craven Cttage was designed by the Glaswegian architect Archibald Leitch，wh built 20 majr ftball stadiums in the UK，including Chelsea's Stamfrd Bridge.The"cttage" itself，lying n ne crner f the pitch（球场），was added by Leitch because he'd frgtten t have changing rms in the riginal design.
Capacity：25，700.
Tickets：Adult（18+）£ 19.99 Children under 18 £9.99
Family bnus：2 adults+1 child £39.97
Visiting time：Mn-Sat，8：30-20：30
Anfield，Liverpl
Anfield saw the fulfilment f many dreams.Lcated in the slidly wrking-class area f nrth Liverpl，it's anther grund built by Archibald Leitch.
It was trn dwn in 1994 with the cming f all-seated stadiums，but plans are nw underway fr a £260 m upgrade including a htel and a"fd hub".
Capacity：45，500.
Tickets：Adult（18+）£ 15.99 Children under 18 £8.99
Visiting time：Mn-Fri，9：00-20：00
Old Traffrd，Manchester
Yu'd be hard pushed t find any ftball fan wh hasn't heard f Old Traffrd.The stadium，yet anther grund designed by Leitch，has been Manchester United's hme since 1910.Hwever，n games were played between 1941 and 1949.
In 2008，t celebrate the 40th anniversary f Manchester United's first Eurpean Cup win，a statue f Gerge Best，Denis Law and Bbby Charltn was displayed.
Capacity：75，800.
Tickets：Adult（18+）£ 16.99 Children under 18 £8.99
Visiting time：Tue-Sat，9：00-21：00
1.Hw much will a cuple with 3 children pay fr entering Craven Cttage？ ______
A. £68.95.B. £58.95.C. £59.95.D. £60.95.
2.Which stadium was nce destryed accrding t the passage？ ______
A. Anfield.B. Craven Cttage.
C. Stamfrd Bridge.D. Old Traffrd.
3.What d the three stadiums have in cmmn？ ______
A. They were built at the same time.
B. They are all pen n weekdays.
C. They are the best stadiums in Lndn.
D. They were designed by the same architect.
B
"Mm，culd yu read t me？"My sn，wh was suffering frm a virus，was lying n the flr f ur living rm，where he usually went when he was sick.Furteen years ld might seem ld fr being read t，but appearing grwn-up wasn't his pririty at this pint.He was lking fr cmfrt，distractin and wanted t feel cared fr.
I'd actually kept reading t him thrugh his childhd and called it quits when we gt int the preteen authrity fight.When I read t him，I chse bks that I lved，ften bks that he wuldn't have gtten thrugh n his wn.Saying that he didn't like the fantasy stries I'd adred myself at his age，he expressed an interest in nnfictin.Therefre，I put my wn past preferences aside and lked fr true stries that wuld grab his attentin，and that he culd read n his wn.His shifting adlescent interest meant that the bk I'd rdered fr him yesterday was smetimes dismissed when it arrived，but I just put it aside fr later.Its time might cme arund again.
Nw，thugh，he was asking me again，and I was glad t d anything that might give him relief.The purpse was neither knwledge learning nr a display f authrity.He was seeking rest fr his unsettled mind and bdy，and by reading t him，I culd see that it supprted his healing，as surely as the ht lemn and ginger tea and getting plenty f sleep did.
I am sure that reading t my sn has enhanced his schl learning-his teacher has been amazed by his writing abilities-but mre imprtantly，it has helped t make ur bnd strnger，giving us smething in cmmn t enjy tgether.When the arguments and disagreements erupt，we can always cme back t this simple activity f reading and listening，a unin f suls that leaves us bth cmpletely free.
4.What may the authr d when her sn asked her t read t him？ ______
A. She read t him.B. She ignred him.
C. She tld him t read by himself.D. She suggested they read tgether.
5.What is the authr's attitude twards her sn's changeable reading interest？ ______
A. Oppsed.B. Wrried.C. Uncncerned.D. Acceptable.
6.What des the authr think is the mst imprtant benefit f reading t her sn？ ______
A. Giving him cmfrt.B. Strengthening their ties.
C. Helping him grw mre rapidly.D. Prmting his schl learning.
7.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage？ ______
A. The Imprtance f BndB. The Benefits f Reading
C. Reading and BndingD. Caring fr Yur Sick Child
C
In the ever-evlving wrld f rbtics，researchers are cnstantly seeking innvative ways t enhance the capabilities f these machines.One that has captured the attentin f scientists is the ptential f using legs instead f arms fr certain tasks.Fur-legged rbts nrmally need an arm attached t their bdy t pen drs r pick up bjects，but this can add additinal weight and make it harder fr the rbt t squeeze thrugh narrw spaces.
Philip Smith in Switzerland and his clleagues used a machine-learning mdel t teach a ready-made rbtic dg t use ne f its legs t perfrm tasks while standing still r mving with the ther three legs.The rbt dg can use a leg t pen drs，press buttns and pick up backpacks while balancing n its ther three legs.
"We cannt d everything with the legs that we culd d with an arm-right nw，a hand is far mre skillful.But the pint is really t make this wrk fr applicatins where we maybe have mass limits，r we dn't want t have that additinal cmplexity，like fr space explratin where every kilgram f such a rbt cunts，"says Smith.
T train the rbt dg，Smith and his team gave the machine-learning mdel the bjective f finding a specific pint in space with ne f the rbt's legs.The mdel then wrked ut by itself hw t cntrl the remaining three legs and balance the rbt while standing r walking.Smith and his team culd then cntrl the rbt remtely t carry ut mvements like picking up a backpack and putting it in a bx，r cllecting rcks.While the rbt can currently nly d these tasks while perated by a persn，Smith hpes that future imprvements will allw the dg t autnmusly handle bjects with its leg.​
8.What is a drawback f fur-legged rbts with arms？ ______
A. Difficulty in cntrl.B. Lack f flexibility.
C. Cmplexity in design.D. Absence f innvatin.
9.Why des Smith mentin"space explratin"in paragraph 3？ ______
A. T cmpare the rbt dg with humans.
B. T prve the cmplexity f the rbt dg.
C. T explain the limitatin f the rbt dg.
D. T shw the ptential uses f the rbt dg.
10.Hw was the rbt dg trained？ ______
A. By balancing n its ther three legs.
B. By using a machine-learning mdel.
C. By having an arm attached t its bdy.
D. By expsing it t diverse envirnments.
11.What des Smith hpe fr the future f the rbt dg？ ______
A. Its leg will be mre skillful than its arms.
B. It can be perated mre easily by a persn.
C. It can handle bjects with its leg n its wn.
D. It can carry ut machine-learning autnmusly.
D
In late summer，Death Valley Natinal Park earns its name.The heat in this regin f Califrnia and Nevada is unbearable.Despite the heat，there was a slw but steady drp f water int the cllectin bttle f Omar Yaghi's device，a grup f cmpnents resembling a telescpe.By the end f the day，this system had cllected nly a few millilitres f water -barely enugh fr a refreshing sip.But these results，published in July，represent a landmark in the field f Atmspheric Water Harvesting（AWH）.
The key ingredient in this device-a water-absrbing chemical called MOF-303-has the ptential t deliver life-sustaining vlumes f clean water t regins that currently struggle t access it."The visin there is t have smething like a village-scale device，"says Yaghi，a chemist at the University f Califrnia."If yu've gt a tnne f MOF-303，yu culd deliver abut 500 litres f water a day."
By current estimates，rughly tw billin peple lack access t clean drinking water.Desalinated seawater can meet sme f this need，but the technlgy required remains cstly and is limited t castal regins.This accunts fr the grwing enthusiasm fr alternative slutins that extract clean water frm the air.
"It is estimated that Earth's atmsphere cntains nearly 13，000 cubic kilmetres f water—ver six times the vlume f the wrld's rivers.We cannt exhaust it-it's always refilled in the prcess f natural water cycle，"says Tian Li，a materials scientist at Purdue University.And althugh many f the mst prmising AWH technlgies are still at the stage f lab demnstratins，the field is quickly develping twards real-wrld systems that prduce plentiful amunts f water at lw cst.
12.What can we learn abut Omar Yaghi's device frm the text？ ______
A. It uses MOF-303 fr water absrptin.
B. It requires substantial investment in use.
C. It perates like a telescpe fr water cllectin.
D. It cllects enugh water fr a day's use.
13.What des the underlined phrase "accunt fr" in paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Cnfirm.B. Emphasize.C. Explain.D. Cntradict.
14.Why are Tian Li's wrds quted in paragraph 4？ ______
A. T reveal the severeness f water shrtage.
B. T aruse peple's awareness f water cnservatin.
C. T prve the nn-renewable nature f atmspheric water.
D. T demnstrate a favrable cnditin fr AWH technlgies.
15.Where is the text mst prbably taken frm？ ______
A. A travel guidebk.B. A science magazine.
C. A psychlgical nvel.D. An intrductin t a bk.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Maybe smene yu've been friends with fr years is kicking up sme cnflict.Or，a persn yu've really trusted seems a little disappinting.Hwever，we need t give peple space t change，grw and readjust their wn thinking.Learning t get the "gd" ut f peple usually wrks. （1） ______
Peple unavidably have sme types f flaws（缺陷）.Fr instance，peple may keep imprtant truths，but the real truth might be that they have truble trusting thers. （2） ______ They are cnstantly rcking yur bat and ccupying yur persnal time.
Sam，an emplyee assistance prgram cunselr says，"Peple we care abut can drive us mad."He insists that it's easier t manage a relatinship by setting bundaries and learning t draw the gd ut f peple. "Deal with their flaws and accept them if pssible" he advises.
（ 3） ______ Sam emphasizes，"Usually，we can change smething abut ur wn methds f dealing with a persn.It desn't have t end."Remember，t，that if smene hides imprtant infrmatin r tells straight lies，this is nt acceptable.（4） ______
T handle the flaws，always fcus n the strengths f peple in yur circle.One friend might be a great babysitter fr yur kids while anther helps yu find gd vacatin deals.While yu dn't want t"use"anyne，yu d want t cunt n him fr yur wn needs.（5） ______ We all need a variety f peple.Besides，life is much mre interesting if we have a little bit f drama ging n.
A.N ne can functin all by himself.
B.Ending a relatinship is seldm a gd idea.
C.Frgiving thers is always a gd quality t maintain friendship.
D.Als，sme peple may ask t much f yu.
E.But yu can distance yurself and wait t see if smene changes.
F.Smetimes flaws may becme advantages under certain circumstances.
G.T d this，fcus n their strengths and hw thse benefit yur wn life.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
I came t the sprt f triathlns late in life.I spent years accmpanying my super-fit brther t triathlns and waiting fr him n the ht sidelines while he swam，biked and ran fr hurs.Then a light bulb turned n in my brain.I culd （1） ______ ，t，instead f suffering intense （2） ______ .
Starting with what I knew best，I began swimming.I swam up and dwn，（ 3） ______ my 54-year-ld bdy that my skills haven't （4） ______ .Thankfully，muscle memry was （5） ______ ，leaving me cnfident fr the first sessin.Fr the bike part，cycling wasn't as enjyable as I remembered，but I didn't （6） ______ .Tugh as it was，all I cared abut was finishing the ride.T exercise fr the run，I jined a running grup.In the beginning，I culd merely run 3 miles，but I kept mving frward.I culd （7） ______ achieve the gal in a cuple f mnths.Still，I remained rather （8） ______ .Hw wuld I swim 1.2 miles，bike 56 miles and then run 13.1 miles in ne day？
When I carefully （9） ______ my crazy idea t my brther，he jumped n bard immediately.The final （10） ______ was painful and the big day eventually arrived this summer.At first，I finished swimming a few minutes ahead f my brther.Hwever，I （11） ______ during the bike ride.After abut 22 miles，I stpped，gt ff my bike and （12） ______ ，"I think I'm ging t quit."
"Yu knw yu wn't let yurself d that"，he replied. （13） ______ ，I gt back and slwly pedaled（蹬车） t the end.The run was mre like a walk.My brther chse t stay with me.The sun burning，we talked，laughed and waved t the （14） ______ .We crssed the finish line tgether，and a great cheer went up frm the crwd.It was a（n）（ 15） ______ experience fr me.
21.A. participateB. innvateC. experimentD. rganize
22.A. cnfusinB. srrwC. bredmD. awkwardness
23.A. examiningB. maintainingC. explainingD. cnvincing
24.A. imprvedB. disappearedC. existedD. arrived
25.A. ignredB. regainedC. discveredD. repeated
26.A. drp utB. turn arundC. get thrughD. break up
27.A. narrwlyB. extremelyC. severelyD. hardly
28.A. puzzledB. embarrassedC. stressedD. terrified
29.A. brughtB. cmmunicatedC. cntributedD. assigned
30.A. resultB. injuryC. treatmentD. preparatin
31.A. quittedB. explredC. struggledD. fled
32.A. remindedB. whisperedC. cmfrtedD. persuaded
33.A. UpsetB. AstnishedC. RelievedD. Determined
34.A. judgesB. audienceC. staffD. lsers
35.A. bittersweetB. heartbreakingC. ngingD. lifelike
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Di Di is a Chinese directr and prducer.Thrugh the media cmpany he （1） ______ （fund） a few years ag，the 29-year-ld makes advertising and prmtinal （2） ______ （vide），including thse fr Tsinghua University.
With ten years f directing experience under his belt，yu might think he （3） ______ （happy） lives in the ivry twer f directing，（4） ______ in fact，he has a very dwn-t-earth philsphy."In tday's vide-cntent-centered wrld，everyne has the ability t be a directr and share peple's stries，"he said.
Di's wn smewhat accidental path t becming a directr serves as a perfect example.Majring in jurnalism at Tsinghua，he gt int （5） ______ （make） films fr a student assciatin and then the university as a whle.
Fr the university's 2020 prmtinal vide，Di created a stry f a grup f students（6） ______ aimed t launch their wn satellite after facing a sudden setback befre the launch date."We have spent mre than tw years （7） ______ this.Nw with ne mnth （8） ______ （leave），n ne knws hw it will turn ut.But befre the dust settles，I want t g all ut this time，"said the leader f the student team in the 8-minute-lng vide.
And in this attempt，Di als fund （9） ______ （inspire）."This vide made me rethink my wn career：Whether t cntinue wrking hard in the crprate wrld r stay true t （10） ______ （me） and create mre stries abut Chinese yung peple，"he said.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，你校将举办校园文化艺术节，请你给外教Henry写封邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：
（1）活动时间和安排；
（2）欢迎他参加。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Henry，

Yurs， Li Hua
38.It was nearly midnight by the time 18-year-ld Amy Waldrp returned t her grandmther's tiny huse，and she was exhausted.After a full day's wrk at a flwer shp，she had put in anther six hurs waiting tables befre heading hme.This was her typical weekends.
Pushing the key int the lck，she quietly pened the dr s as nt t wake her yunger siblings.She stepped int the frnt rm，and frze.The huse was a mess：plates f half-eaten fd were scattered in frnt f the TV；clthes，shes and exercise bks were everywhere.
Amy's eyes welled with tears."This is just way t much fr me."she thught.Her wrst fears began t race thrugh her mind.Tw years befre，her parents lst their lives in an accident，leaving Amy and her siblings fr their grandma-Helen wh had spent half f her life in a wheelchair.The life burden fell n Amy's shulders，which was t much fr a girl.
One day，walking acrss the schl grunds，Amy fund a table littered with university brchures.She brwsed thrugh pictures f spacius campuses and happy kids-all f it lking unachievable fr her，given the current situatin and financial cnditins.But her teacher gave her unexpected hpe，saying"Yu culd attend university fr free.It wuld take a schlarship，thugh，and fr that yu'd need much better grades."
During her final year f high schl，Amy diligently attended classes，then went t wrk after schl，returned t her grandmther's huse，cared fr her sisters and brthers and went thrugh hmewrk till the early hurs f the mrning，struggling fr her dream university.
One afternn，she walked hme frm schl，hlding a sheet f paper tightly.It was a letter frm the University f Califrnia，infrming her that she wuld be ffered a schlarship and was admitted t the university.It was what she'd lnged fr，a place where she culd study t becme smene special-a nurse，perhaps，r maybe even a lawyer.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Yet the letter nly made Amy struggle inside.
The next afternn，Amy sptted the wrinkled letter n the table when arriving hme.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、A、D
【解析】（1）数字计算题。根据Craven Cttage，Lndn部分Children under 18 £9.99（18岁以下儿童9.99英镑）以及Family bnus：2 adults+1 child £39.97（家庭奖励：2名成人+1名儿童£39.97）可知一对带三个孩子的夫妇要付39.97+9.99*2=£59.95才能进入Craven Cttage。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Anfield，Liverpl部分It was trn dwn in 1994 with the cming f all-seated stadiums，but plans are nw underway fr a £260 m upgrade including a htel and a"fd hub".（1994年，随着全座位体育场的到来，它被拆除了，但现在正在计划耗资2.6亿英镑进行升级，包括一家酒店和一个"食品中心"。）可知Anfield曾经被毁掉过。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据这三部分的Craven Cttage was designed by the Glaswegian architect Archibald Leitch，wh built 20 majr ftball stadiums in the UK，including Chelsea's Stamfrd Bridge.（Craven Cttage是由格拉斯哥建筑师Archibald Leitch设计的，他在英国建造了20个主要的足球场，包括切尔西的斯坦福桥）；Lcated in the slidly wrking-class area f nrth Liverpl，it's anther grund built by Archibald Leitch.（它位于利物浦北部的工人阶级聚集区，是阿奇博尔德•利奇建造的另一个地方。）以及The stadium，yet anther grund designed by Leitch，has been Manchester United's hme since 1910.（这座球场也是由莱奇设计的，自1910年以来一直是曼联的主场。）可知这三个体育馆的共同之处是它们是由同一个建筑师设计的。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几个最好的足球场。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】A、D、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段I'd actually kept reading t him thrugh his childhd and called it quits when we gt int the preteen authrity fight.When I read t him，I chse bks that I lved，ften bks that he wuldn't have gtten thrugh n his wn.（事实上，我在他童年时一直给他读书，当我们陷入青春期前的权威之争时，我就停止了读书。当我给他读书时，我选择我喜欢的书，通常是他自己不会读完的书。）可知当作者的儿子要求她给他读书时，她可以给他读书。故答案为A。
（2）观点态度题。根据文章第二段Saying that he didn't like the fantasy stries I'd adred myself at his age，he expressed an interest in nnfictin.Therefre，I put my wn past preferences aside and lked fr true stries that wuld grab his attentin，and that he culd read n his wn（他说他不喜欢我在他这个年龄时喜欢的幻想故事，并表示对非虚构小说感兴趣。因此，我把自己过去的喜好放在一边，寻找能吸引他注意力的真实故事，以及他可以自己阅读的故事。）可知作者对她儿子多变的阅读兴趣的态度是可以接受的。故答案为D。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段I am sure that reading t my sn has enhanced his schl learning-his teacher has been amazed by his writing abilities-but mre imprtantly，it has helped t make ur bnd strnger，giving us smething in cmmn t enjy tgether.（我确信给我儿子读书提高了他在学校的学习成绩——他的老师对他的写作能力感到惊讶——但更重要的是，这有助于加强我们之间的联系，让我们有共同的爱好。）可知作者认为给儿子读书最重要的好处是加强他们之间的联系。故答案为B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段I am sure that reading t my sn has enhanced his schl learning-his teacher has been amazed by his writing abilities-but mre imprtantly，it has helped t make ur bnd strnger，giving us smething in cmmn t enjy tgether.When the arguments and disagreements erupt，we can always cme back t this simple activity f reading and listening，a unin f suls that leaves us bth cmpletely free.（我确信给我儿子读书提高了他在学校的学习成绩——他的老师对他的写作能力感到惊讶——但更重要的是，这有助于加强我们之间的联系，让我们有共同的爱好。当争论和分歧爆发时，我们总是可以回到阅读和倾听这一简单的活动中来，这是一种灵魂的结合，让我们双方都完全自由。）可知本文主要讲述了陪儿子读书加强了彼此之间的联系。因此本文的最佳标题是C.Reading and Bnding（读书和联系）。故答案为C。
本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了陪儿子读书加强了彼此之间的联系。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】B、D、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段One that has captured the attentin f scientists is the ptential f using legs instead f arms fr certain tasks.Fur-legged rbts nrmally need an arm attached t their bdy t pen drs r pick up bjects，but this can add additinal weight and make it harder fr the rbt t squeeze thrugh narrw spaces.（引起科学家注意的一个问题是在某些任务中使用腿而不是手臂的潜力。四条腿的机器人通常需要一只手臂附在身上才能开门或拿起物体，但这会增加额外的重量，使机器人更难挤过狭窄的空间。）可知有臂的四足机器人的缺点是缺乏灵活性。故答案为B。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段"We cannt d everything with the legs that we culd d with an arm-right nw，a hand is far mre skillful.But the pint is really t make this wrk fr applicatins where we maybe have mass limits，r we dn't want t have that additinal cmplexity，like fr space explratin where every kilgram f such a rbt cunts，"says Smith.（"我们不能用腿做我们能用胳膊做的所有事情——现在，手要熟练得多。但关键是要让这项技术真正应用于我们可能有质量限制的应用，或者我们不想增加额外的复杂性，比如太空探索，这种机器人的每公斤重量都很重要，"史密斯说。）可知史密斯在第三段中提到"太空探索"来展示机器狗的潜在用途。故答案为D。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段T train the rbt dg，Smith and his team gave the machine-learning mdel the bjective f finding a specific pint in space with ne f the rbt's legs.（为了训练机器狗，史密斯和他的团队让机器学习模型的目标是用机器人的一条腿找到空间中的特定点。）可知机器狗是用机器学习模型训练的。故答案为B。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段While the rbt can currently nly d these tasks while perated by a persn，Smith hpes that future imprvements will allw the dg t autnmusly handle bjects with its leg.​（虽然机器人目前只能在由人操作的情况下完成这些任务，但史密斯希望未来的改进将允许狗用腿自主处理物体。​）可知史密斯希望机器狗将来能够自己用腿处理物体。故答案为C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在不断发展的机器人世界中，研究人员不断寻求创新方法来增强这些机器的功能。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】A、C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The key ingredient in this device-a water-absrbing chemical called MOF-303-has the ptential t deliver life-sustaining vlumes f clean water t regins that currently struggle t access it.（该设备的关键成分是一种名为MOF-303的吸水性化学物质，它有可能为目前难以获得的地区提供维持生命的清洁水。）可知，Omar Yaghi的设备使用MOF-303进行吸水。故选A。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段Desalinated seawater can meet sme f this need，but the technlgy required remains cstly and is limited t castal regins.This accunts fr the grwing enthusiasm fr alternative slutins that extract clean water frm the air.（淡化海水可以满足其中的一些需求，但所需的技术仍然昂贵，并且仅限于沿海地区。这就是人们对从空气中提取清洁水的替代解决方案越来越热衷的原因。）可知，这里accunts fr意为"解释"，A.Cnfirm证实；B.Emphasize强调；C.Explain解释；D.Cntradict矛盾。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段And althugh many f the mst prmising AWH technlgies are still at the stage f lab demnstratins，the field is quickly develping twards real-wrld systems that prduce plentiful amunts f water at lw cst.（尽管许多最有前景的AWH技术仍处于实验室演示阶段，但该领域正在迅速朝着以低成本生产大量水的现实世界系统发展。）可知，第4段引用田莉的话来证明AWH技术的有利条件。故选D。
（4）文章出处题。根据第一段By the end f the day，this system had cllected nly a few millilitres f water -barely enugh fr a refreshing sip.But these results，published in July，represent a landmark in the field f Atmspheric Water Harvesting（AWH）.（到当天结束时，这个系统只收集了几毫升水，几乎不足以喝一口清爽的水。但这些于7月公布的结果代表了大气水分采集领域的一个里程碑。）可知，文章主要介绍了一种吸水设备，应该出自科学杂志。故选B。
本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了一种利用AWH技术的吸水设备。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】G、D、B、E、A
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据前文Learning t get the "gd" ut f peple usually wrks. （学会从人们身上得到"好处"通常是有效的。）可知，前文提到关注别人的优势。 G.T d this，fcus n their strengths and hw thse benefit yur wn life."要做到这一点，就要关注他们的优势以及这些优势对你自己的生活有何益处。"中this指代前句中的优势，符合文意。故选G。
（2）联系下文题。后文提到They are cnstantly rcking yur bat and ccupying yur persnal time.（他们不断地摇着你的船，占用你的私人时间。）， they指代设空处提到的内容，D.Als，sme peple may ask t much f yu."此外，有些人可能对你要求过高。"中sme peple即为they的指代对象，符合文意。故选D。
（3）联系下文题。后文Sam emphasizes，"Usually，we can change smething abut ur wn methds f dealing with a persn.（Sam强调，"通常情况下，我们可以改变自己与人打交道的方式。）可知，改变与人交往的方式，而不是拒绝交往。B.Ending a relatinship is seldm a gd idea."结束一段关系几乎不是个好主意。"符合文意。故选B。
（4）联系上文题。前文提到Remember，t，that if smene hides imprtant infrmatin r tells straight lies，this is nt acceptable （还要记住，如果有人隐瞒重要信息或告诉直接的谎言，这是不可接受的。）， E.But yu can distance yurself and wait t see if smene changes."但你可以保持距离，等着看是否有人改变。"提到没有办法接受这种人，那就可以与其保持距离，符合文意。故选E。
（5）联系下文题。后文提到We all need a variety f peple. （我们都需要各种各样的人。），我们需要与人交往，需要朋友。A.N ne can functin all by himself."没有人能完全靠自己工作。"符合文意。故选A。
本文介绍了我们需要给人们改变、成长和重新调整自己思维的空间。学会从人们身上得到"好处"。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、C、D、B、B、A、A、C、B、D、C、B、D、B、A
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.participate参加；B.innvate革新；C.experiment实验；D.rganize组织。句意：我也可以参与其中，而不是忍受极度的无聊。根据下句Starting with what I knew best，I began swimming可知从我最熟悉的开始，我开始游泳。说明我参与其中，故答案为A。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.cnfusin困惑；B.srrw痛苦；C.bredm乏味；D.awkwardness尴尬。句意：我也可以参与其中，而不是忍受极度的无聊。根据上句I spent years accmpanying my super-fit brther t triathlns and waiting fr him n the ht sidelines while he swam，biked and ran fr hurs.可知我花了几年时间陪我超级健康的哥哥参加铁人三项比赛，并在他游泳、骑自行车和跑步的时候在炎热的边线上等他几个小时。说明非常无聊。故答案为C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.examining检查；B.maintaining维持；C.explaining解释；D.cnvincing使信服。句意：我游来游去，让我54岁的身体相信我的技能没有消失。根据下句Thankfully，muscle memry was （5），leaving me cnfident fr the first sessin可知谢天谢地，肌肉记忆恢复了，让我对第一次阶段充满信心。说明我游来游去，让我54岁的身体相信我的技能没有消失。故答案为D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.imprved提升；B.disappeared消失；C.existed存在；D.arrived到达。句意：我游来游去，让我54岁的身体相信我的技能没有消失。根据下句Thankfully，muscle memry was （5），leaving me cnfident fr the first sessin可知谢天谢地，肌肉记忆恢复了，让我对第一阶段充满信心。说明我的技能没有消失。故答案为B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.ignred忽略；B.regained重新获得；C.discvered发现；D.repeated重复。句意：谢天谢地，肌肉记忆恢复了，让我对第一阶段充满信心。根据下句leaving me cnfident fr the first sessin可知让我对第一次治疗充满信心。说明肌肉记忆恢复了，故答案为B。
（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.drp ut退出；B.turn arund转身；C.get thrugh完成；D.break up分解。句意：对于自行车部分，骑自行车不像我记忆中的那样愉快，但我没有退出。根据下句Tugh as it was，all I cared abut was finishing the ride.可知虽然很艰难，但我只关心完成旅程。说明我没有退出。故答案为A。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.narrwly勉强地；B.extremely极其；C.severely严重地；D.hardly几乎不。句意：我可以在几个月内勉强达到目标。根据上句In the beginning，I culd merely run 3 miles，but I kept mving frward可知开始时，我只能跑3英里，但我一直向前跑。说明我可以在几个月内勉强达到目标。故答案为A。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.puzzled困惑的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.stressed紧张的；D.terrified感动恐惧的。句意：尽管如此，我仍然相当紧张。根据下句Hw wuld I swim 1.2 miles，bike 56 miles and then run 13.1 miles in ne day？可知我如何在一天内游泳1.2英里，骑自行车56英里，然后跑13.1英里？说明我仍然非常紧张。故答案为C。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.brught带来；B.cmmunicated交流，传达；C.cntributed贡献；D.assigned分配。句意：当我小心翼翼地把我的疯狂想法传达给我弟弟时，他立即同意了。根据空后my crazy idea t my brther可知我小心翼翼地把我的疯狂想法传达给我弟弟。故答案为B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.result结果；B.injury受伤；C.treatment治疗；D.preparatin准备。句意：最后的准备是痛苦的，这个大日子终于在今年夏天到来了。根据空后and the big day eventually arrived this summer.可知这个大日子终于在今年夏天到来了。说明之前做了很多准备。故答案为D。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.quitted放弃；B.explred探索；C.struggled奋斗，挣扎；D.fled逃跑。句意：然而，我在骑自行车的过程中很挣扎。根据下句After abut 22 miles，I stpped，gt ff my bike and （12），"I think I'm ging t quit."可知大约22英里后，我停下来，从自行车上下来，低声说："我想我要退出。"说明我在骑自行车的过程中很挣扎。故答案为C。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.reminded提醒；B.whispered低声说；C.cmfrted安慰；D.persuaded说服。句意：大约22英里后，我停下来，从自行车上下来，低声说："我想我要退出。"根据下句"I think I'm ging t quit."可知我从自行车上下来，低声说："我想我要退出。"故答案为B。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.Upset心烦意乱的；B.Astnished惊讶的；C.Relieved减轻的；D.Determined下定决心的。句意：下定决心后，我回来了，慢慢地踩到底。根据下句I gt back and slwly pedaled（蹬车） t the end.可知我回来了，慢慢地踩到底。说明我下定决心坚持到底。故答案为D。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.judges裁判；B.audience观众；C.staff员工；D.lsers失败者。句意：烈日炎炎，我们谈笑风生，向观众挥手致意。根据常识和空前The sun burning，we talked，laughed and waved可知烈日炎炎，我们谈笑风生，向观众挥手致意。故答案为B。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.bittersweet苦乐参半的；B.heartbreaking令人心碎的；C.nging正在进行的；D.lifelike栩栩如生的。句意：对我来说，这是一次苦乐参半的经历。根据上句"Yu knw yu wn't let yurself d that"，he replied. （13），I gt back and slwly pedaled（蹬车） t the end.The run was mre like a walk.My brther chse t stay with me.The sun burning，we talked，laughed and waved t the （14）.We crssed the finish line tgether，and a great cheer went up frm the crwd可知"你知道你不会让自己这么做的"，他回答道。下定决心后，我回来了，慢慢地踩到底。跑步更像是散步。我哥哥选择和我在一起。烈日炎炎，我们谈笑风生，向观众挥手致意。我们一起冲过终点线，人群中爆发出热烈的欢呼声。说明这是一次苦乐参半的经历。故答案为A。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者克服困难，陪哥哥完成了铁人三项比赛。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】funded
【小题2】vides
【小题3】happily
【小题4】but/yet
【小题5】making
【小题6】wh/that
【小题7】n
【小题8】left
【小题9】inspiratin
【小题10】myself
【解析】（1）考查动词的时态。句意：这位29岁的年轻人通过几年前创立的媒体公司制作广告和宣传视频，其中包括清华大学的广告和宣传片。分析句子可知，he （fund） a few years ag是省略了关系代词which/that的定语从句，空处作定语从句的谓语，根据时间状语a few years ag可知该从句用一般过去时，所以空处用动词的过去式。故填funded。
（2）考查可数名词复数。句意：这位29岁的年轻人通过几年前创立的媒体公司制作广告和宣传视频，其中包括清华大学的广告和宣传片。分析句子可知空处用名词作宾语，前面没有表示单数的限定词，此处是复数概念，所以用可数名词复数。故填vides。
（3）考查副词。句意：他有十年的导演经验，你可能会认为他生活在导演的象牙塔里很幸福，但事实上，他有一个非常脚踏实地的哲学。分析句子可知空处用副词作状语修饰动词lives。故填happily。
（4）考查连词。句意：他有十年的导演经验，你可能会认为他生活在导演的象牙塔里很幸福，但事实上，他有一个非常脚踏实地的哲学。分析句子可知空处前后句子间为转折关系，所以空处用转折连词but/yet。故填but/yet。
（5）考查动名词。句意：他在清华大学主修新闻专业，开始为一个学生会拍摄电影，然后为整个大学拍摄电影。分析句子可知空处用动名词作介词int的宾语。故填making。
（6）考查定语从句。句意：在该大学2020年的宣传视频中，狄迪讲述了一群学生的故事，他们在发射日期前遭遇突然挫折，打算发射自己的卫星。分析句子可知空处引导定语从句，先行词为a grup f students，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词wh/that引导该从句。故填wh/that。
（7）考查介词。句意：我们在这上面已经花了两年多的时间。spend time n sth."在某物上面花费时间"是固定短语。故填n。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：现在还剩一个月，没人知道结果会如何。分析句子可知空处所在的结构为with复合结构，即"with+宾语+宾补"，ne mnth与leave之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故填left。
（9）考查不可数名词。句意：而在这个尝试中，狄也找到了灵感。分析句子可知空处用名词作宾语，inspiratin"灵感"是不可数名词。故填inspiratin。
（10）考查反身代词。句意：他说："这段视频让我重新思考了自己的职业生涯：是继续在企业界努力工作，还是忠于自己，创造更多关于中国年轻人的故事。"分析句子可知，空处表示"我自己"，用反身代词作介词t的宾语。故填myself。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述中国的导演的制片人——狄迪。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Henry.
Hw are yu ding？This year's campus culture and arts festival will be held sn.I'm writing t invite yu t take part in it.（写信目的）
There will be a wide variety f activities.The details are as fllws.The festival will start n April 22nd and last five days.During the festival，students and staff frm different grades will stage singing，dancing，and drama perfrmances and s n.【高分句型一】What's mre，a Chinese calligraphy cmpetitin will be rganized，which nt nly allws us t shw ur skills in calligraphy but helps us t enjy the beauty and elegance f the art frm.【高分句型二】（活动时间和安排）
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd cme.I'm lking frward t yur reply.（欢迎他参加）
Yurs. Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：During the festival，students and staff frm different grades will stage singing，dancing，and drama perfrmances and s n.
译文：节日期间，来自不同年级的学生和工作人员将进行唱歌、跳舞和戏剧表演等。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语singing，dancing，and drama perfrmances and s n作状语。
高分句型二：What's mre，a Chinese calligraphy cmpetitin will be rganized，which nt nly allws us t shw ur skills in calligraphy but helps us t enjy the beauty and elegance f the art frm.
译文：此外，我们还将组织一场中国书法比赛，这不仅可以让我们展示我们的书法技巧，还可以帮助我们享受艺术形式的美丽和优雅。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】 Yet the letter nly made Amy struggle inside.On the ne hand，she was eager t study at this distinguished university，living a life free f the wrries.【高分句型一】On the ther hand，she thught f the respnsibility put n her shulders.Wh wuld take care f her grandmther and her siblings if she left fr the university？She was lst in thught.Entering her grandma's huse，she nticed Helen sitting in the wheelchair and her siblings playing，running and laughing.At that mment，she made up her mind.She threw it int the dustbin when she entered her rm.【高分句型二】（艾米放心不下自己的奶奶和弟弟妹妹，决定扔掉大学通知书）
The next afternn，Amy sptted the wrinkled letter n the table when arriving hme.Surprised and curius，she lked arund，wndering wh had put it there.Just then her grandmther and her siblings came int sight.Gently hlding Amy's hand，Helen said，"G and chase yur dream.Dn't miss such a gd chance.""But wh will take care f all f yu？"Amy asked anxiusly."We will，"her siblings answered.Lking at them，Amy was greatly tuched.Helen tld her that she had cntacted the cmmunity and the staff there wuld try their best t help them.Feeling relieved，Amy held the letter tightly，with tears in her eyes.It was family's lve and supprt that culd help yu mve frward.（家人支持她只求自己的梦想）
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了Amy的父母去世后，历经重重生活的困难，获得理想大学通知的故事。
高分句型一：On the ne hand，she was eager t study at this distinguished university，living a life free f the wrries.
翻译：一方面，她渴望在这所著名的大学学习，过着无忧无虑的生活。
分析：本句使用了现在分词短语living a life free f the wrries作状语。
高分句型二：She threw it int the dustbin when she entered her rm.
翻译：当她进入房间时，她把它扔进了垃圾箱。
分析：本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。