2023届上海师范大学附属中学高一上学期期中英语考试题

这是一份2023届上海师范大学附属中学高一上学期期中英语考试题，共8页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
A. At a dinner table B. In a htel.
C. At hme. D. At a restaurant.
2. A. He will get the radi repaired. B. He will disturb the wman.
C. He will stp listening t the radi. D. He will turn dwn the radi.
3. A. At 1466 Lndn Street. B. At 1646 Lndn Street.
C. At 1464 Lndn Street. D. At 6046 Lndn Street.
4.A. At 7:05. B. At 6:15. C. At 6:25. D. At 6:50.
5.A. By train. B. By bus. C. By car. D. By bike.
6.A. Abut 10. B. Abut 20. C. Abut 30. D. Abut 40.
7. A. T see an exhibitin. B. T have a meeting.
C. T attend a lecture. D. T prtect the envirnment.
8. A.$300. B.$350. C.$250. D.$150.
9.A. Milk nly. B. Milk and tast. C. Milk and eggs. D. Eggs and tast.
10.A. The man shuld purchase a new vilin.。 B. The man shuld cntinue his vilin class.
C. The man shuld cnsult his vilin teacher. D. The man shuld give up playing the vilin.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear several lnger cnversatins and shrt passages, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the cnversatins and the passages. The cnversatins and the passages will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
A. Based n their ability. B. Based n their knwledge.
C. Based n their English level. D. Based n their gaka scres.
12. A. 20. B.44. C. 74. D. 200.
13. A. The “gaka” students. B. The American students.
C. The internatinal students. D. The nn-gaka internatinal students.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
A. Never feel fearful. B. Be able t face the fear.
C. Feel impatient with yurself. D. Be eager t achieve the gal.
A. Care abut yur friends’ ability. B. Fcus n advancing yur wn gals.
C. Cmpare yurself t yur best friends. D. Pay attentin t yur relatives’ prgress.
16. A. Hw t build self-cnfidence. B. Hw t be patient with yurself.
C. Hw t be cmfrtable with fear. D. Hw t stp cmparing yurself t thers.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. Marketing. B. Human resurces.
C. Insurance. D. E-cmmerce platfrm.
18. A. Because he is a respnsible candidate. B. Because he will graduate this summer.
C. Because its grwth recrd is satisfactry. D. Because he has a variety f experiences.
19. A. He arranges press cnferences. B. He rganizes cllege vcatins.
C. He ges thrugh lts f resumes. D. He engages in marketing activities
20. A. Everyne gets unemplyment insurance.
B. Emplyees are unlikely t be trained abrad.
C. Emplyees are ffered ne week paid hliday.
D. Only senir emplyees are ffered life insurance.
II. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
(A)
Charltte Whitehead was brn in England in 1843, and mved t Mntreal, Canada at the age f 5 with her family. While (21)______ (take) care f her ill elder sister thrughut the years, Charltte discvered she had an interest in medicine. At 18 she married and started a family. Several years later, Charltte said she wanted t be a dctr. Her husband supprted her decisin. Unfrtunately, Canadian medical schls did nt accept wmen students at the time. Therefre, Charltte went t the United States (22)______(study) medicine at the Wmen’s Medical Cllege in Philadelphia. (23)______ tk her five years t earn her medical degree.
Upn graduatin, Charltte returned t Mntreal and set up a private clinic. Three years later, she mved t Winnipeg, Manitba, (24)______ she was nce again a busy dctr. Many f her patients were frm the nearby timber and railway camps. Charltte fund herself perating n damaged limbs and setting brken bnes, (25)______ ______ ______ delivering all the babies in the area.
But Charltte had been practising withut a license. She had applied fr a dctr’s license in bth Mntreal and Winnipeg, (26)______ was refused. The Manitba Cllege f Medicines, (27)______ all-male rganizatin, wanted her t cmplete her studies at a Canadian medical cllege! Charltte refused t leave her patients t spend time studying (28)______ she already knew. S in 1887, she appealed t the Manitba Legislature t issue a license t her but they, t, refused. Charltte cntinued t practise (29)______ a license until 1912. She died fur years later at the age f 73.
In 1993, 77 years after her death, a medical license was issued t Charltte. This decisin
______(make) by the Manitba Legislature t hnur “this curageus and pineering wman”.

(B)
My Vlunteer Experience in Ghana
It is nt quite six in the mrning. I am half asleep in a van that in the United States wuld seat maybe six peple. Here in Ghana thugh, its insides have been replaced with wden benches that can accmmdate twelve f us. I use the term “accmmdate” lsely; we are squeezed s tight in tgether (31)______ smetimes my arm ges numb(麻木的).
This ges n fr tw hurs every mrning, frm Mnday t Friday, s that I (32)______ get t the slum twn schl where I teach.
______ (arrive) at the destinatin always fills me with fear. The schl riginally functined as a daycare type service free t the children f single mthers. (34)______ the children gt lder, the crdinatr tk it upn herself t set up a space t teach them. Int this tiny space they squeeze anywhere between 80 and 120 children under the age f six. It is literally s full f children that yu have t mve them ut f the way by shving(推开) them with yur feet (35)______ (avid) stepping n them.
Within days, I have already learned mst f their names. There are the trublemakers wh spend their time (36)______(hit) ne anther and causing chas in hpes that their negative behavir will attract attentin t themselves. All f my child psychlgy classes tell me t ignre the behavir (37)______ respnding t it may reinfrce the behavir.
Then there are the nes that make yur heart bleed. The five-year-ld girl wh (38)______ (sit) in the frnt rw, is ready t learn whatever knwledge we can thrw her way. She learns whatever we teach her, at a pace (39)______ takes my breath away. She far utpaces any Western five-year-ld I’ve ever wrked with, and she’s learning in English when her family nly knws and speaks Twi, a lcal language.
I lk at this decrepit(破 旧 的 ) classrm and these children in their ragged clthes, and think f (40)______ different this is frm the American classrms I’ve knwn.
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
(A)
The digital revlutin has had a huge impact n every aspect f ur sciety. Fr cntent creatrs, life lks nthing like it did just a cuple f decades ag. Back then, all yu had t d is t take the tape ff the camera and put it n yur (41)______ player. At mst, yu had t read an article t understand the difference between HS and Betamax. Vide was nly cnsumed in tw ways: televisin r cinema. Nwadays, yu’ll prbably run ut f fingers (42)______ hw many vide frmats (格式) there are ut there, let alne the number f platfrms and devices n which vide is played.
Understanding what each vide frmat is and des is n child’s play. In fact, it is a “must” if yu want yur wrk t lk the best regardless f where and hw it is played. If, fr example, yu want t (43)______ a vide website, the type f file yu’ll need t use will mst likely t be different frm the ne yu’ll have t
create fr yur scial media accunts. In rder t make this whle prcess a lt easier, we have put tgether a list f the mst cmmn vide frmats and which nes yu shuld use fr each purpse.
S what’s the best vide frmat?
______, there isn’t a cure-all when it cmes t vide sharing. The gd thing is that it’s actually really easy t (45)______ between vide frmats. If yu d s, be sure t always save the riginal file in rder t avid (46)______ f image quality due t file cmpressin(压缩).
Here are three f the mst cmmn vide uses and the (47)______ frmats fr each f them:
Scial media: MP4 is supprted by Facebk, Twitter, Instagram, IGTV, and YuTube. Facebk als(48)______ MOV, while YuTube accepts mst vide frmats. 
TV and cmputers: AVI, MOV, and MKV (49)______ the highest quality image which makes them great ptins fr big screen streaming. 
Website: WEBM and HTML5 are the vide frmats meant fr yur accunt. Hwever, using tls such as Wix Vide will allw yu t wrk with almst any file (50)______, as well as ffer yu much mre cntrl ver yur wrk.
(B)
The Value f Upcycling
Recycling is a well-knwn idea that refers t reusing waste materials in any way pssible. But what abut “upcycling”? It’s a new wrd, even thugh it’s smething that has been ging n since human (51)______ began. It means reusing waste materials s that they have greater value. Thrughut histry, peple have always dne creative things with “trash”. Fr example, they’ve used straw and dead leaves t make rfs, skin frm dead animals t make leather gds, and wd frm (52)______ trees t make bats. S why is there a new wrd fr it nw?
One answer t this questin is that we reuse fewer and fewer things, and s have becme a(n) “(53)______” sciety. This has raised huge questins abut waste: Where can we (54)______ it all? Will it pllute the envirnment? Culd it be (55)______ t ur health? The evidence is everywhere — even in the Pacific Ocean, where billins f bits f brken (56)______ flat near the surface. Fish eat them, and then we eat the fish.
S upcyclers have adpted this new wrd t fcus peple’s attentin n hw waste cannt simply be reused, but be reused (57)______. In fact, upcyclers dn’t like the idea f waste and prefer t call it an “asset”, smething f value. Nwadays, there are lts f rganizatins that (58)______ prducts with upcycled material. Sme artists and designers have upcycled things like denim frm ld jeans t make rugs, and wd frm ld huses t make furniture. Others have even used candy wrappers t make handbags!Smetimes they’ll add a(n) (59)______ element t their prducts, such as a beautiful msaic (马赛克) made with brken dishes. With a(n) (60)______ supply f “assets”, it seems that upcycling has a great future.
III. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Deliverance(解救) fr Delivery Drivers?
ZOOOOOOOOM!!! A gust f air, the hum f spinning wheels, and a flash f clr whizzing past. I’m sure that we have all stepped int the crsswalk, at ne time r anther, and experienced this sudden, heart-stpping (61)______. I am, f curse, referring t delivery drivers (62)______ thrugh crssrads t deliver takeaway fd.
Over the past few years, delivery drivers have been criticized, fined, and even (63)______ fr breaking traffic laws acrss China. Delivery drivers ften (64)______ red lights, disregard speed limits, and pay little attentin t pedestrian crssings. But they als ften pay the (65)______ price — each year, it seems like fatal injuries invlving delivery drivers are increasing. (66)______, since delivery drivers are usually prly paid, hw much blame d they really deserve fr running against the clck?
Well, it (67)______ t be a cmplicated issue. Recently an article titled “Delivery Drivers, Stuck in the System” was shared widely n scial media. Accrding t the article, (68)______ between delivery services
Ele.me and Meituan has caused each app t take increasingly extreme measures t ut-d(超过) the ther. This has included the shrtening f delivery time windws. It has been (69)______, in part, thrugh a cmbinatin f rewards fr early delivery and severe punishments fr late delivery. Over time, the platfrms have nly increased these (70)______ n drivers. As a result, drivers find themselves in a dilemma(左右两难的困境)：break traffic laws r, in sme cases, lse hundreds f yuan in earnings fr late deliveries.
Accrding t surveys and reactins nline, (71)______ care much whether their deliveries are a fewminutes late, while mst believe that it is nt wrth risking smene’s life fr. In respnse, Ele.me and Meituan have added a cmbinatin f features t (72)______ delivery times fr slw elevatrs r bad weather cnditins.
Althugh these new (73)______ cannt slve the underlying prblems f intense cmpetitin r the inherent dangers f driving, they shuld, in sme measure, start reducing sme f the pressure n drivers. In the meantime, as (74)______, we can help t make life fr delivery riders safer and easier. (75)______, be a cnsiderate persn and dn’t leave them waiting fr t lng. If yu see a fd delivery guy rushing tward yu n an escalatr r int a dr, cnsider standing back and letting him g first. After all, they are putting their lives n the line just t deliver ur fd.
61. A. fright B. delight C. pain D. srrw
62. A. running B. walking C. rushing D. wandering
63. A. arrested B. fired C. blamed D. praised
64. A. destry B. ignre C. bserve D. interrupt
65. A. everlasting B. dramatic C. slight D. final
66. A. Hwever B. Namely C. Indeed D. Surprising
67. A. decides B. refuses C. turns ut D. takes turns
68. A. cmparisn B. cntrast C. cmpetitin D. cperatin
69. A. adapted B. achieved C. adpted D. assumed
70. A. mtivatins B. advantages C. pressures D. skills
71. A. sme B. few C. many D. we
72. A. reduce B. expand C. narrw D. extend
73. A. actins B. behavirs C. features D. cnditins
74. A. humans B. cnsumers C. friends D. taxpayers
75. A. In ne wrd B. As a result C. Fr example D. On the cntrary
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing fur passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Wh is a genius? This questin has greatly interested humankind fr centuries.
Let’s state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almst the internatinal symbl fr genius. But we want t g beynd ne man and explre the nature f genius itself. Why is it that sme peple are s much mre intelligent r creative than the rest f us? And wh are they?
In the sciences and arts, thse praised as geniuses were mst ften white men, f Eurpean rigin. Perhaps this is nt a surprise. It’s said that histry is written by the victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the genius club. When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club — wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief — they were unacknwledged and rejected by thers.
A study recently published by Science fund that as yung as age six, girls are less likely than bys t say that members f their gender are “really, really smart.” Even wrse, the study fund that girls act n that belief: Arund age six they start t avid activities said t be fr children wh are “really, really smart.” Can ur planet affrd t have any great thinkers becme discuraged and give up? It desn’t take a genius t knw the answer: abslutely nt.
Here’s the gd news. In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin, we’re all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear. And the mre we lk, the mre we will see that scial factrs like gender, race, and class d nt determine the appearance f genius. As a writer says, future geniuses cme frm thse with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple gd frtune, wh are able t change the wrld.”
76. What des the authr think f victrs’ standards fr jining the genius club?
A. They’re unfair.
B. They’re cnservative.
C. They’re bjective.
D. They’re strict.
77. What can we infer abut girls frm the study in Science?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They lk up t great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than bys.
D. They are likely t be influenced by scial beliefs
78. Why are mre geniuses knwn t the public?
A. Imprved glbal cmmunicatin.
B. Less discriminatin against wmen.
C. Acceptance f victrs’ cncepts.
D. Changes in peple’s scial psitins.
79. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Geniuses Think Alike
B. Genius Takes Many Frms
C. Genius and Intelligence
D. Genius and Luck
(B)
Fr many travelers these days, finding a way t make travel mre meaningful has becme a tp pririty. They are increasingly pursuing jurneys that include time t vlunteer, wrk n a cnservatin prject, prtect endangered animals r t d ther activities that allw fr giving back while explring a new part f the wrld. Here are sme pprtunities that cmbine travel with ding gd deeds.
The Azres
The trips ffer the pprtunity t wrk n carefully selected prjects with famus scientists while als enjying meetings with sme f the wrld’s mst attractive sea creatures in water. It allws participants t jin a research team in the Azres that’s studying the animals t supprt future prtectin f the species. Advanced diving experience is required.
Red Sea, Egypt
Cmbining an pprtunity fr wrld-class diving with being part f an imprtant research effrt cnducted by Hurghada Envirnmental Prtectin and Cnservatin Assciatin. The seven-night trip includes learning hw t gather water data with the latest scientific equipment and cnducting nbard and underwater experiments.
Australia
Explre Queensland, Australia, while als supprting a registered charity that rescues farm animals frm abuse, neglect, and situatins where they’re in danger. Participants help with daily cleaning f barns (牲口圈) and cages, feeding, health checks, light repair, mnitring animals’ mvements, and intensive care f ill, ld and baby animals. The experience includes free accmmdatins with WiFi and a swimming pl.
Rmania
Wrk with bears at Rmania’s largest bear sanctuary (庇护所), a place that was created as a heaven fr bears that have been treated in a cruel way. Lcated in the Carpathian Muntains, the sanctuary needs vlunteers t help with preparing fd, mnitring animal health and leading cnservatin turs. The sanctuary is hme t 84 bears, with 20 mre due t be rescued.
80. What d the first tw trips have in cmmn?
A．Bth invlve underwater activities. B．Bth prvide free accmmdatins.
C．Bth require advanced diving experience. D．Bth teach hw t use scientific equipment.
81. Which place best suits a girl wh likes hrses?
A．The Azres. B．Red Sea. C．Australia. D．Rmania.
82. Why are the bears adpted by the sanctuary in Rmania?
A．They have n fd. B．They are badly treated.
C．They shuld be mnitred. D．They need t live in muntains.
83. Where des the passage mst prbably appear?
A．In a fashin magazine. B．In a shpping guide.
C．In a travel brchure. D．In a bigraphy.
(C)
My sn, Tby, 17 mnths ld, has just tested psitive(阳性) fr COVED-19. He is the first in ur husehld t test psitive, and all the infrmatin prvided fr peple in this situatin is designed fr adults wh are (r shuld be) wrried abut prtecting their families. Tby, bviusly, cannt cmprehend such advice. He cannt keep a distance frm everybdy else, r eat and wash in a separate rm — We called 911, and the medical wrker we spke t agreed that the fficial guidance didn’t really apply t ur situatin.
Indeed. Nt much we can d. S, here we are, trapped within ur fur walls with a little baby infected(感染) with COVID-19, wh cntinues t climb n us, spit in ur faces, lve us and hug us. It seems inevitable that we, and ur elder sn, are ging t get COVID nw. Nt much we can d.
My first reactin, after knwing his diagnsis(确诊), was t ck sausages. I didn’t even knw that was my cmfrt fd f chice. Perhaps an afternn crisis wuld have caused a different cking desire? Anyway, a full stmach helped me think it ver. Yes, it may nw be unavidable that we’re ging t cntract(感染) the very virus we’ve spent a year aviding, but as lng as we dn’t cntract it at the same time, then, hpefully, ne r ther f us will be available t lk after ur kids (thus answering my five-year-ld’s mst urgent cncern: “... but wh will make the pudding?”).
S, t minimize asymptmatic transmissin, we’ve pened all the windws. And we’ve decided t wear face cverings whenever we are with Tby. This decisin desn’t matter much t him — I imagine he actually cannt remember life befre masks — but fr me, it’s distressing. I’ve becme accustmed t wearing masks in supermarkets and cffee shps, f curse, but t actually walk arund with half my face cvered in my wn huse is quite anther matter — it is telling me that my hme has been infected — that it’s n lnger a safe space.
And s it was, when I sat dwn t write this article, that I ended up writing abut COVID, which is prbably the last thing yu wanted t read. Srry abut that. COVID has clured my thughts tday, even thugh I knw that my wife and children will be fine, and that really we shuld just be grateful we haven’t passed it n t my grandmther. I predict there will be mre sausages in the mrning.
By repeating the sentence “Nt much we can d” in paragraph 2, the writer implies that ________.
A. he feels angry B. he is really helpless
C. he wants prfessinal supprt D. he needs t keep a distance frm Tby
85. Accrding t the writer, what did sausages bring t him?
A. Sadness. B. Appetite. C. Wrry. D. Cmfrt.
86. Why did wearing masks at hme distress the writer?
A. It discurages him frm writing abut COVID.
B. It lets him remember the days befre COVID-19.
C. It is a reminder f what is happening t his family.
D. It makes him feel at a lss fr hw t help his sn.
87.What can be cncluded frm the passage?
A. The diagnsis leaves the writer’s family in a tugh spt.
B. The writer is sure that his ther kids wn’t cntract the virus.
C. Being infected with COVID-19 makes Tby in a bad md.
D. Sausages have lng been cnsidered by many t be cmfrt fd.
(D)
Hng Kng isn’t the first place yu’d expect t find a peaceful island. But in a quiet crner f Sai Kung district (西贡区), a tiny green island ffers a rare glimpse int the past.
Nicknamed “Ghst Island,” Yim Tin Tsai (盐田仔) was nce hme t a flurishing Hakka (客家) cmmunity. They settled n the empty island and built salt pans (盐田) t earn a living. When the salt pans were shut dwn mre than 100 years ag, mst residents turned t farming and fishing.
In the 1960s, mre and mre families mved t ther places. The last f the villagers n the island had mved abrad by the 1990s, and, in the fllwing years, Yim Tin Tsai lay empty.
If travelers had visited Yim Tin Tsai a decade ag, they wuld have fund nthing but vergrwn weeds (野草) and crumbling huses. That’s exactly what villager Clin Chan saw when he returned t the island after 40 years. But, fr him, the island represented smething special — a unique side f Hng Kng’s histry and culture that shuldn’t be frgtten.
“I came back here hping t recver smething I felt I had lst,” Clin said. “I fund the island was in ruins and I was very sad. This is the place I grew up. This is my father’s hme and his father’s hme.”
In 1999, Clin was elected as village representative and began what wuld becme a lifelng missin: t make the island cme alive. Tgether with abut 10 frmer villagers, Clin raised mney t build a visitr center fr travelers. In 2004, a charitable fundatin dnated funds t renvate the island’s histrical chapel ( 小 教 堂 ). In 2005, UNESCO ( 联 合 国 教 科 文 组 织 ) Asia-Pacific Heritage Awards fr Cultural Heritage Cnservatin hnred the chapel with an award f merit (优异奖).
Mtivated by this, the villagers rganized a regular ferry schedule t enable travelers t reach the island, and set ut t shwcase the village’s unique histry. They built a heritage trail, repaired Hakka ancestral hmes, created a museum, and even started an rganic farm that sits at the ft f the church.
Accrding t the article, the Hakka cmmunity_________________.
A. all mved t ther cuntries in the 1990s
B. settled n Yim Tin Tsai abut 100 years ag
C. made a living by salt mining, farming and fishing n Yim Tin Tsai
D. fund Yim Tin Tsai t be a fertile place when they had first arrived there
89. The wrd “crumbling” in paragraph 4 culd prbably be replaced by “______.”
A. frightened B. brken C. disappearing D. decreasing
90. Which f the fllwing is NOT a reasn why Clin Chan came back t Yim Tin Tsai?
A. Because he wanted t recver the special feeling f the place where he grew up.
B. Because as village representative, he had the duty t bring the village back t life.
C. Because he didn’t want t see the hmetwn f his father and grandfather in ruins.
D. Because he wanted t preserve Hng Kng’s histry and culture mirrred in the island.
We can learn frm the article that _______.
A. UNESCO hnred Yim Tin Tsai with an award f merit in 2005.
B. If travelers visit Yim Tin Tsai tday, they will find it a lush, green island full f life.
C. Clin Chan raised mney t build a museum t shwcase the village’s unique histry.
D. the villagers n Yim Tin Tsai want t restre the salt pans which were clsed mre than 100 years ag.
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.

A Selectin frm the Trlley
The trlley prblem used t be a ppular questin in philsphical ethics(伦理学). It runs as fllws: a trlley, r a train, is speeding dwn a track twards a junctin(三叉路口). Sme evil-der has tied five peple t the track ahead, and anther persn t the branch line. Yu are standing next t a lever(操纵杆) that cntrls the junctin. D nthing, and the five peple will be killed. Pull the lever, and nly ne persn dies. What is the ethical curse f actin?
__________ A truly self-driving car, after all, will have t be given ethical instructins f sme srt by its human prgrammers. That has led t a bm fr the wrld’s prfessinal ethicists, wh suddenly find themselves in ht demand.
In a paper just published in Nature, a team f psychlgists and cmputer scientists, led by Edmnd Awad f the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT), describe a different apprach. (93)__________
They created a website which prvides visitrs with a series f chices abut whm t save and whm t kill. The website prved a hit. In the end it gathered nearly 40 millin decisins. The strngest preferences, expressed by respndents frm all ver the wrld, were fr saving human lives ver animal nes, preferring t save many rather than few and priritizing children ver the ld. (94)__________
Iyad Rahwan, a cmputer scientist at MIT and ne f the paper’s authrs, says that many peple cnsider the trlley prblem as pintless as it is nt ging t happen in real life. He is uncnvinced. The specific situatins described by the website may hardly ever ccur, he says. (95)__________ He gives the example f vertaking(超过) cyclists: “If yu stay relatively near t the cycle lane, yu’re increasing the chance f hitting a cyclist, but reducing the chance f hitting anther car in the next lane ver,” he says.
IV. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
从长远来看，回收包装对环境有积极的影响。(impact)
出于防御的目的，当地人花了好几年的时间修建城墙。(purpse)
作为六朝古都，南京无疑是中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。(dubt)
雨天经常发生交通事故，因为有些驾驶员不太注意潮湿的路面状况。(regard)
100. 尽管存在一些缺点，但网上外卖服务对那些住得离超市很远的人来说非常有用。(despite)A. cunting B. create C. lss D. Luckily E. ffer F. preferred
G. supprts H. transfer I. type J. Unfrtunately K. vide
A. civilizatin B. dangerus C. dump D. efficiently E. endless F. fallen
G. plastic H. prfitably I. sell J. stylish K. thrwaway
A. But all srts f chices made by the firms that prduce self-driving cars will affect wh lives
and wh dies in indirect ways.
Rather than asking philsphers fr their thughts, they decided t ask the public instead.
That seems t disagree with mst peple’s mral preferences.
D. The preference fr saving wmen, fr instance, was strnger in places with higher levels f
gender equality.
E. There were weaker preferences fr saving wmen ver men, pedestrians ver passengers in the
car and fr taking actin rather than ding nthing.
F. The excitement arund self-driving cars, thugh, has made the prblem famus.