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山东省临沂市2024届高三下学期一模考试英语试卷(含答案)
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这是一份山东省临沂市2024届高三下学期一模考试英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
EYLEA
Cnsumer Brief Summary
This summary cntains risk and safety infrmatin fr patients abut EYLEA. It des nt include all the infrmatin and des nt take the place f talking t yur eye dctr.
What is EYLEA?
EYLEA is a medicine that wrks by blcking vascular endthelial grwth factr(VEGF）, which can cause fluid t leak int the macula(视网膜黄斑).
What is EYLEA used fr?
EYLEA is indicated fr the treatment f patients with:
·Macular Edema Fllwing Retinal Vein Occlusin(RVO)
·Diabetic Macular Edema(DME)
·Diabetic Retinpathy(DR)
Hw is EYLEA given?
EYLEA is an injectin(注射)administered by eye dctr and the injectins are given n different schedules. Cnfirm with yur dctr which schedule is apprpriate.
What are the mst cmmn side effects f EYLEA?
·Eye pain
·Light sensitivity
·Increased eye redness
Fr mre pssible side effects, ask yur eye dctr. Yu are encuraged t reprt negative side effects f prescriptin drugs t the FDA. Visit , r call1-800-FDA-1088.
What shuld I tell my eye dctr befre receiving EYLEA?
·Infectins in r arund the eye
·Eye pain r redness
·Being allergic t any ingredients in EYLEA
·Being r planning t be pregnant
Where can I learn mre abut EYLEA?
Fr a mre cmprehensive review f EYLEA safety and risk infrmatin, talk t yur health care prvider and see the full infrmatin at EYLEA. cm.
1．Wh is the passage intended fr?
A. Eye dctrs.B. Medicine students.
C. Drug researchers.D. Patients with eye cnditins.
2．Hw can yu learn mre abut EYLEA?
A. Visit EYLEA. cm.B. Call1-800-FDA-1088.
C. Visit D. Talk t a medical prfessr.
3．What is this text?
A. A medical reprt.B. An intrductin t a bk.
C. A healthcare cntract.D. A piece f medical instructins.
Watfrd and her family have lived in Curtis Bay, Baltimre fr generatins. Her cmmunity has faced envirnmental injustice. Heavy industries cntinued t mve in her cmmunity. As a result, her neighbrs have had t live with serius respiratry (呼吸的) prblems.
When she knew a plan t build the natin’s largest trash-burning incineratr (焚化炉) less than a mile away frm her high schl, she realized she had t take actin. The incineratr was being sld wrngly as clean, renewable energy equipment but actually it wuld be a surce f brain-damaging chemicals and wuld release 200 millin tns f greenhuse gases per year, bth wrse than cal burning. Watfrd felt she had a respnsibility t warn her cmmunity t wrk tgether t shut this plant dwn.
She c-funded Free Yur Vice (FYV), a 10-persn student rganizatin devted t cmmunity rights and scial justice. Tgether, they decided t start a campaign t take dwn Energy Answers, the incineratr’s develper. They went dr-t-dr talking t neighbrs and rganizing prtests.
When it was discvered that Baltimre City Public Schls (BCPS) was ging t be a custmer f Energy Answers, the rganizatin fught with the bard and presented their case, urging BCPS t withdraw frm the prject. BCPS was cnvinced t cancel their cntract, which in turn inspired 22 ther custmers t d the same. Withut any financial gain, Energy Answers had n market t mve frward with its plan.
Watfrd cntinues t wrk with Curtis Bay residents tward fair develpment. They have a visin fr the future which includes building a zer-waste mvement, a slar farm, and green jbs. She wants the entire human family t jin the fight fr envirnmental justice because survival as a species depends n ur ability t take actin.
4．What caused respiratry prblems in Watfrd’s cmmunity?
A. Pr medical care.B. Terrible envirnmental cnditins.
C. Cnstant bacterial infectin.D. Unbalanced distributin f resurces.
5．What is Watfrd’s attitude t building the incineratr?
A. Unfavurable.B. Dubtful.C. Unclear.D. Indifferent.
6．What was the result f their campaign?
A. BCPS lst financial supprt.B. Energy Answers stpped its plan.
C. The investrs fund new market.D. Many custmers revised their cntracts.
7．What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. A teenage her against urban pllutin
B. A teenage her fighting fr an advanced city
C. A battle fr Baltimre’s sky by a teenage her
D. The scial justice challenge fr a teenage her
Humans wrk hard t avid viruses. Sick peple are islated, diseased animals are killed and fields f infected crps are fired up. Reviving(复活)an ancient virus wuld surely be a disaster.
But a new study led by Fiddamanfrm Oxfrd, challenges this cnventinal wisdm. It shws hw the revival f an ancient virus can unlck the secrets f its evlutin.
The virus in the study is Marek’s disease virus(MDV), killing mre than 90% f chickens. Yet when it was discvered in 1907, MDV rarely caused death.
Dr Fiddaman wndered whether its new-fund virulence(毒性)was a result f large structural changes. T find ut, he and his clleagues gt their hands n nearly 1,000 chicken bnes frm ancient times acrss Eurpe and Asia, sme f them up t 2000 years ld. Sectins f DNA frm these remains were mapped n t the nes f tday’s virus.
As the authrs pieced tgether the sets f genes f ancient MDV, hwever, they nticed that the genes were arranged identically t thse in mdern species. It suggests that the increased virulence resulted nt frm large structural changes, but frm pint mutatins(突变). In particular, changes had ccurred in the arrangement f a gene called MEQ, which has an essential rle in tumur(肿瘤)frmatin.
This discvery suggests that the ancient MDV may nt have been able t cause tumurs. T test this assumptin, Dr Fiddaman fllwed up with a daring experiment. He made the ancient frm f the MEQ gene and sht it int living chicken cells. It did nt turn n any f the genes assciated with tumur frmatin. In cmparisn, a mdern MEQ gene quickly shwed its tendency t cause tumurs.
By cmbining ancient and mdern genetic bilgy, the methds pineered in the paper reveal hw, and mre imprtantly why, any virus mutates. That culd help scientists tackle ther viruses that pull n the purse-strings f farmers—by designing new vaccines(疫苗), fr instance— r even t wrk ut hw t prevent anther glbal pandemic.
8．What is widely acknwledged abut the revival f an ancient virus?
A. It is a challenging task.B. It reveals the virus evlutin.
C. It means a disaster fr humans.D. It helps peple fight diseases.
9．What caused the virulence change f MDV?
A. Pint mutatins in MEQ.B. The ccurrance f a new gene.
C. The reprductin f the ancient MDV.D. Large structural changes in mdern species.
10．Hw did Dr Fiddaman test the assumptin?
A. By investigating a typical case.B. By cnducting a field survey.
C. By studying the related theries.D. By ding a cmparative experiment.
11．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Viruses weaken gradually when they mutate.
B. The finding thrws light n handling ther viruses.
C. A glbal pandemic requires a wrld effrt t end it.
D. Farmers will face mre cmplex challenges than befre.
When American anthrplgist Clin Turnbull published The Muntain Peple in 1972, he referred t his subjects — a Ugandan grup called the Ik — as “the lveless peple.” After tw years f bservatins, he decided that they reflected humanity’s basic instincts (本能): cheat, thievery, and pitilessness. But when Athena Aktipis and her clleagues frm the Human Genersity Prject tk a deeper lk, they identified a cmmunity that shared everything. “Turnbull had visited Uganda during a disastrus famine (饥荒). All he saw is what happens when peple are starving.” says Aktipis. But her team revealed that despite living under pressure, the Ik placed a high value n helping ne anther when they culd.
Aktipis believes that altruism is mre cmmn and beneficial than evlutinary scial science has lng thught. “It was assumed that peple are designed t nly d things t help themselves r their relatives.” she says. By studying the unique, selfless practices that helped nine cmmunities acrss the wrld t cntinue t exist, the experts frm the Prject are lking t shw that we are indeed capable f widespread cperatin.
The Maasai peple in Kenya prvide ne f the prject’s main pints. They rely n tw-way friendships fr resurces like fd r water when they’re in need, withut expecting any repayment. Als, a wrld away, in New Mexic, while flks ften help transprt cattle and receive supprt in return, they will assist withut repayment if smene faces difficulties, such as an injury r the death f a lved ne.
Aktipis believes theretical framewrks she’s perfected thrugh studying these grups can apply bradly t any interdependent systems. Her big gal is t design scial-service systems that supprt everyne. Take market-based insurance in the United States as an example: It’s priced based n individual risk factrs such as health histries and where peple live, which means millins f Americans can’t affrd it. But in a system built n neighbring, pled csts (合并成本) wuld level the burden during cllective hardship like natural disasters and pandemics.
12．What did Turnbull think f the Ik peple?
A. Heartless.B. Helpful.C. Restless.D. Generus.
13．What des the underlined wrd “altruism” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Trying t be strng and tugh t survive.
B. Making full use f the surrunding resurces.
C. Being devted t themselves r their relatives.
D. Caring abut the needs and happiness f thers.
14．What des paragraph 3 intend t cnvey?
A. Friendships guarantee a well-being life.
B. Flks assist each ther t get supprt.
C. Cperatin is a gd and natural instinct.
D. Peple tend t prvide resurces fr free.
15．Hw des Aktipis intend t apply her findings?
A. By designing a plicy fr public health.
B. By mnitring individual health histries.
C. By creating a system against cllective hardship.
D. By lwering insurance prices fr individual victims.
二、七选五
16．Mark Cvingtn, funder f the Gergia Street Cmmunity Cllective in Detrit, stands in a crner f his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early mrning. ①_____Early in the day, the green crps giving life t tmates, cabbages, eggplants, and mre are bathed in gld, as if being watered by the sun. The sunds f dgs, pigs, rsters, and a grup f stirring bees drwn ut the sunds f the city.
In 2007, Cvingtn lst his jb and returned t his childhd street. ②_____ “It was dirty,” he said. “There were always vacant lts, but they had always been maintained fr children t play n.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up, peple wuld pile n them again. ③_____
Cvingtn started with a small cmmunity garden. ④_____One mther sent three children t help him build a larger garden where the kids culd grw fd, stay busy during the summer and add structure t their lives. Little by little the seeds tk rt, as the hands n the garden that wuld evlve int a farm multiplied.
⑤_____ On ne crner: a mvie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flwer beds. On anther: a farm and a cmmunity center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhuse. “It’s smewhat spiritual fr me,” Cvingtn says. “It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿). Peple cme here and dn’t want t leave.”
A. But if he planted stuff, they might nt.
B. It’s a typical mrning scene at the cllective.
C. He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandned lts.
D. Cvingtn made the garden a little bigger t plant mre.
E. And almst immediately neighbrs began asking t participate.
F. He planted a garden t help feed residents and enrich their lives.
G. What began as an effrt t remve trash has turned int a site f cmmunity.
三、完形填空（15空）
Whatever the patient’s age r disease, a hspital stay can be stressful, especially fr kids. Effrts like Ella’s are a(an) 1 spt during a tugh time.
It began in 2018, when Ella celebrated her birthday in a 2 way — a gift drive. Since then, it has 3 each year in early Octber, a few weeks befre her birthday. Alng with a(an) 4 t her party, Ella’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids at the hspital. Fr the yungest 5 , gifts might include building blcks r stuffed tys. Then it’s time t share the gifts. “Seeing ther peple’s 6 — that’s all that matters t me,” Ella says.
After the first rund, the number f dnatins 7 every year. But she desn’t keep an exact cunt. 8 , she judges by sight. “We measure hw much f the carpet it cvers in ur living rm,” Ella says. “Last year, it 9 the entire carpet.”
Allisn, wrking at Brigham Children’s Hspital, has seen firsthand the 10 f Ella’s gift-giving. “She puts smile n the faces f these little patients in ur hspital,” Allisn says. “They are all amazed at her 11 at such a yung age.”
Ella’s 12 t help kids in the hspital have inspired thers t 13 in her ftsteps. Friends have cllected and 14 gifts fr their birthdays t.
“ 15 t thers is a gd feeling t have at the end f the day,” Ella says. “I want t keep ding this as lng as I can.”
17．A. independentB. extraC. freeD. bright
18．A. newB. privateC. fancyD. natural
19．A. wrked utB. kicked ffC. given utD. thught up
20．A. letterB. recreatinC. invitatinD. cake
21．A. wrkersB. patientsC. parentsD. nurses
22．A. happinessB. recgnitinC. behavirD. admiratin
23．A. changesB. grwsC. declinesD. maintains
24．A. ThusB. SmehwC. SmetimesD. Instead
25．A. reachedB. includedC. decratedD. cvered
26．A. excitementB. effectC. inspiratinD. feature
27．A. genersityB. explratinC. ambitinD. prgress
28．A. prmisesB. aimsC. effrtsD. prpsals
29．A. fllwB. engageC. trackD. mix
30．A. receivedB. cuntedC. gatheredD. dnated
31．A. RespndingB. RelatingC. GivingD. Cmparing
四、短文填空
32．Playing an instrument r singing in a chir may bst yur brain. Fr generatins, parents ① (encurage) their children t practice playing musical instruments. Parents have gd reasn t priritize their children’s musical educatin. Learning an instrument is nt nly assciated with ② (gd) educatinal attainment but als with imprved cgnitive (认知的) abilities and intelligence (智力) scres in children.
The results f a recent study ③ (investigate) this questin shwed that musical peple had better memry and the ability t stay ④ (fcus) n tasks than thse with less r n musicality.
Hwever, ⑤ made a difference amng thse wh played an instrument was whether they cntinued t play ⑥ had nly played in the past. Current amateur musicians exhibited the highest cgnitive perfrmance amng participants.
Cntinued engagement ⑦ cgnitively stimulating activities, like playing an instrument, is likely ⑧ (lead) t sustained brain health. In cntrast, playing the recrder fr nly three years in primary schl may nt ⑨ (significant) impact ur cgnitive perfrmance later in life.
Given the verall benefits f learning an instrument r participating in a chir, engaging in such a cgnitive ⑩ (stimulate) as we age culd be beneficial.
五、书面表达
33．假如你是李华，你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见，请你给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由，内容包括：
1.材料选择；
2.阅读形式（小组合作或自主阅读）。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Becky, a 12-year-ld girl, was deep in her maths hmewrk. Her father Bill asked her t help fix the gate f the stall (牛栏). “I culdn’t cme ut and help, Daddy,” she respnded, withut even lking up. “I’ll get extra marks if I d these equatins (方程式).”
Frwning, Bill was cncerned abut Becky. She nly lved numbers, shwing little interest in ther things. Bill hped his daughter culd enjy animals and help n their farm.
“Wuldn’t yu like t win the blue ribbn cmpetitin with yur very wn calf next year?” Bill refused t give up. In the cmpetitin, children shw the calves they raise and the best calf (小牛) with a large build, well-develped muscles and strng legs wuld get the blue ribbn.
Becky listened withut a wrd. “Yu knw, raising a calf als requires mathmatics, like calculating the expenses t maintain health and muscle develpment during grwth.” Bill cntinued.
It seemed that smething clicked with Becky, “It might be a perfect pprtunity t shw my math talents.” She then fllwed her dad int the stall. Bill pinted t a new brn calf. “Here she is! Tag 333. She will be the best calf!” Becky lked, and a smile brightened her face. “OK. I’ll give it a try.”
In the fllwing weeks, she started a jurnal f prjected expenses —vaccinatins, registratin fees, vet bills, grain and hay. “She’s finally getting interested in cattle,” Bill thught. But fr Becky, the calf seemed mre like a mathematical challenge than a living animal that wuld require care and lve.
Winter came —the tugh time fr the calves. One mrning, an extreme snwstrm hit. Calves! Bill and Becky hurried t the stall t check. All the calves were inside except Tag 333! Where was she? They searched everywhere and finally fund her a mile away frm the stall. The little calf was lying still, cvered in ice and snw. Her eyelids were sealed shut by glittering frst. “Is she dead?” Becky cried. Bill pressed his fingers against the calf’s chest. “N. But we need t d smething —fast,” he urged.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
They rushed the calf int the stall.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Time flying by, the judging day finally arrived.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由文章Cnsumer Brief Summary中“This summary cntains risk and safety infrmatin fr patients abut EYLEA. It des nt include all the infrmatin and des nt take the place f talking t yur eye dctr.(本摘要包含对使用EYLEA患者的风险和安全信息。它不包括所有信息，也不代替与眼科医生交谈。)”以及What is EYLEA used fr?中“EYLEA is indicated fr the treatment f patients with(EYLEA适用于治疗...的病人)”可知，该文章是为患有眼部疾病的患者准备的。故选D项。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Fr a mre cmprehensive review f EYLEA safety and risk infrmatin, talk t yur health care prvider and see the full infrmatin at EYLEA. cm.(有关EYLEA安全和风险信息的更全面了解，请与您的医疗保健提供者联系，并在EYLEA. cm查看完整信息。)”可知，读者可以访问EYLEA.cm了解更多关于EYLEA的信息。故选A项。
3．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由文章第一段“This summary cntains risk and safety infrmatin fr patients abut EYLEA. It des nt include all the infrmatin and des nt take the place f talking t yur eye dctr.(本摘要包含对使用EYLEA患者的风险和安全信息。它不包括所有信息，也不代替与眼科医生交谈。)”以及下文可知，这篇文章是一份关于 EYLEA药的使用说明书。故选D项。
4．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her cmmunity has faced envirnmental injustice. Heavy industries cntinued t mve in her cmmunity. As a result, her neighbrs have had t live with serius respiratry (呼吸的) prblems.(她的社区面临着环境的不公正。重工业继续往她的社区迁移。结果，她的邻居不得不忍受严重的呼吸问题)”可知，恶劣的环境条件导致Watfrd社区出现呼吸问题，故选B。
5．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Watfrd felt she had a respnsibility t warn her cmmunity t wrk tgether t shut this plant dwn.(Watfrd觉得她有责任警告她的社区共同努力关闭这家工厂)”可知，Watfrd不支持建立垃圾焚化炉，故选A。
6．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“BCPS was cnvinced t cancel their cntract, which in turn inspired 22 ther custmers t d the same. Withut any financial gain, Energy Answers had n market t mve frward with its plan.(BCPS被说服取消了合同，这反过来又激励了其他22家客户也这样做。没有任何经济收益，Energy Answers就没有市场来推进其计划)”可知，Watfrd发起的运动结果是迫使开发商Energy Answers停止了其计划。故选B。
7．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“Tgether, they decided t start a campaign t take dwn Energy Answers, the incineratr’s develper.(他们一起决定发起一场运动，打倒垃圾焚烧炉的开发商Energy Answers)”和最后一段中“She wants the entire human family t jin the fight fr envirnmental justice because survival as a species depends n ur ability t take actin.(她希望整个人类大家庭都加入到环境正义的斗争中来，因为作为一个物种的生存取决于我们采取行动的能力)”可知，文章主要讲述恶劣的环境导致Watfrd所在社区出现健康问题，Watfrd和另外9个学生成立Free Yur Vice组织，发起反对建立垃圾焚化炉的运动，最终迫使该项目被叫停，C项“少年英雄为巴尔的摩的天空而战”为最佳标题，故选C。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段“Humans wrk hard t avid viruses. Sick peple are islated, diseased animals are killed and fields f infected crps are fired up. Reviving（复活）an ancient virus wuld surely be a disaster.(人类努力躲避病毒。病人被隔离，患病的动物被杀死，被感染的作物被点燃。复活一种古老的病毒肯定是一场灾难。 )”可知，普遍认为，复活一种古老的病毒肯定是一场灾难。故选C项。
9．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由文章第五段“It suggests that the increased virulence resulted nt frm large structural changes, but frm pint mutatins(突变). In particular, changes had ccurred in the arrangement f a gene called MEQ, which has an essential rle in tumur(肿瘤)frmatin.(这表明毒力的增加不是由大的结构变化引起的，而是由点突变引起的。特别是，一种名为MEQ的基因的排列发生了变化，该基因在肿瘤形成中起着重要作用。)”可知，MEQ点突变引起MDV毒力变化。故选A项。
10．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“T test this assumptin, Dr Fiddaman fllwed up with a daring experiment. He made the ancient frm f the MEQ gene and sht it int living chicken cells. It did nt turn n any f the genes assciated with tumur frmatin. In cmparisn, a mdern MEQ gene quickly shwed its tendency t cause tumurs.(为了验证这一假设，Fiddaman博士进行了一项大胆的实验。他制造了古老的MEQ基因，并将其注射到活的鸡细胞中。它没有启动任何与肿瘤形成相关的基因。相比之下，现代的MEQ基因很快就显示出了导致肿瘤的趋势。)”可知，Fiddaman博士通过做一个比较实验来验证这一假设。故选D项。
11．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段“By cmbining ancient and mdern genetic bilgy, the methds pineered in the paper reveal hw, and mre imprtantly why, any virus mutates. That culd help scientists tackle ther viruses that pull n the purse-strings f farmers —by designing new vaccines(疫苗), fr instance— r even t wrk ut hw t prevent anther glbal pandemic.(通过结合古代和现代基因生物学，论文中开创的方法揭示了任何病毒是如何变异的，更重要的是为什么变异。这可能有助于科学家应对其它影响农民钱包的病毒—例如，通过设计新的疫苗—甚至研究如何预防另一场全球大流行。)”可知，这一发现为处理其它病毒提供了线索。故选B项。
12．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“When American anthrplgist Clin Turnbull published The Muntain Peple in 1972, he referred t his subjects — a Ugandan grup called the Ik — as ‘the lveless peple.’(当美国人类学家Clin Turnbull在1972年出版The Muntain Peple时，他把他的研究对象—一个叫做Ik的乌干达群体—称为‘无爱的人’)”可知，Turnbull认为Ik人很无情，故选A。
13．答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段末句“But her team revealed that despite living under pressure, the Ik placed a high value n helping ne anther when they culd.(但她的团队透露，尽管生活在压力之下，但Ik人非常重视在可能的情况下互相帮助)”及划线词下文“It was assumed that peple are designed t nly d things t help themselves r their relatives.(人们被认为只会做有利于自己或亲人的事情)”可知，Ik人会互相帮助，故划线词所在句意为“Aktipis认为，利他主义比进化社会科学长期以来认为的更为普遍和有益”，altruism意为“利他主义”，故选D。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“The Maasai peple in Kenya prvide ne f the prject’s main pints. They rely n tw-way friendships fr resurces like fd r water when they’re in need, withut expecting any repayment. Als, a wrld away, in New Mexic, while flks ften help transprt cattle and receive supprt in return, they will assist withut repayment if smene faces difficulties, such as an injury r the death f a lved ne.(肯尼亚的马赛人提供了该项目的主要观点之一。当他们需要食物或水等资源时，他们依靠双向友谊，而不期望任何回报。另外，在另一个世界的新墨西哥州，虽然人们经常帮助运输牲畜并获得支持作为回报，但如果有人遇到困难，比如亲人受伤或死亡，他们会无偿提供帮助)”可知，本段旨在通过两个例子表明，合作是一种良好而自然的本能，故选C。
15．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Aktipis believes theretical framewrks she’s perfected thrugh studying these grups can apply bradly t any interdependent systems. Her big gal is t design scial-service systems that supprt everyne.(Aktipis认为，她通过研究这些群体而完善的理论框架可以广泛应用于任何相互依存的系统)”以及“But in a system built n neighbring, pled csts (合并成本) wuld level the burden during cllective hardship like natural disasters and pandemics.(但在一个建立在相邻基础上的体系中，在自然灾害和流行病等集体困难时期，合并成本将减轻负担)”可知，Aktipis打算通过建立一个对抗集体困难的制度来应用她的发现，故选C。
16．答案：BCAEG
解析：①根据上文“Mark Cvingtn, funder f the Gergia Street Cmmunity Cllective in Detrit, stands in a crner f his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early mrning.(Mark Cvingtn是底特律乔治亚街社区集体组织的创始人，他站在自家城市农场的一角，呼吸着清晨的新鲜空气)”及下文“Early in the day, the green crps giving life t tmates, cabbages, eggplants, and mre are bathed in gld, as if being watered by the sun.(清晨，绿色的庄稼，如西红柿、卷心菜、茄子等，沐浴在金色之中，仿佛被太阳浇灌过)”可知，这些描述共同构成了清晨在这个集体农场中的典型景象，B项“这是集体农场的一个典型清晨场景”符合语境，故选B。
②根据上文“In 2007, Cvingtn lst his jb and returned t his childhd street.(2007年，Cvingtn失去了工作，回到了儿时的街道)”以及下文“‘It was dirty,’ he said.(‘很脏，’他说)”可知，此处是说Cvingtn回到儿时的街道后看到脏乱的景象，C项“他看到垃圾堆在空的、废弃的空地上”符合语境，故选C。
③上文“He knew that if he just cleaned them up, peple wuld pile n them again.(他知道如果他把它们清理干净，人们又会把它们堆起来)”提到，Cvingtn意识到如果只是简单地清理这些空地，人们又会再次把垃圾堆在上面，这暗示了需要一种更持久、更有意义的改变，结合下文“Cvingtn started with a small cmmunity garden.(Cvingtn从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到他种植社区花园可知，空处是说他想到如果在这些空地上种植东西，人们可能就不会再往上面乱丢垃圾了，A项“但如果他种一些东西，他们可能就不会（堆积）”符合语境，故选A。
④上文“Cvingtn started with a small cmmunity garden.(Cvingtn从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到Cvingtn开始种植社区花园，结合下文“One mther sent three children t help him build a larger garden where the kids culd grw fd, stay busy during the summer and add structure t their lives.(一位母亲让三个孩子帮他建了一个更大的花园，孩子们可以在那里种食物，在夏天保持忙碌，并为他们的生活增添一些安排)”可知，邻居们和Cvingtn一起种植社区花园，E项“邻居们几乎立刻就开始要求参与进来”符合语境，故选E。
⑤结合下文“On ne crner: a mvie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flwer beds. On anther: a farm and a cmmunity center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhuse.(在一个角落里：一个电影屏幕和一个有蔬菜和花坛的公共花园。在另一个角落：一个农场和一个社区中心在一栋楼里。附近是大蒜床和温室)”可知，文章最后描述了Cvingtn的项目如何从清理垃圾开始，逐渐发展成为一个集电影屏幕、公共花园、农场和社区中心等多种功能于一体的社区活动场所。这显示了该项目从单纯的垃圾清理转变为一个促进社区凝聚力和活力的地方。因此，选项G“从清理垃圾开始的项目已经变成了一个社区活动的地方”最能概括文章结尾部分的内容。故选G。
17．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像艾拉这样的努力是艰难时期的一个亮点。A. independent独立的；B. extra额外的；C. free自由的；D. bright欢快的，明亮的。根据前文“Whatever the patient’s age r disease, a hspital stay can be stressful, especially fr kids.”和后文“Ella’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids at the hspital”可知，病人在医院的时光是艰难的，艾拉给生病的孩子送礼物是这段艰难时光中明亮的时刻。故选D。
18．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一切始于2018年，当时艾拉以一种新的方式庆祝她的生日—送礼物。A. new新的；B. private私人的；C. fancy奇特的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“a gift drive. Since then, it has ______ each year in early Octber, a few weeks befre her birthday.”可知，艾拉用一种新的不同于通常的方式庆祝自己的生日。故选A。
19．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，每年的十月初，也就是她生日的前几周，就开始了。A. wrked ut计算出；B. kicked ff开始；C. given ut分发；D. thught up想出。根据后文“Alng with a(an) ______ t her party, Ella’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids at the hspital.”可知，艾拉和朋友在她的生日前几周就开始送礼物给住院的孩子们。故选B。
20．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾拉的朋友们除了收到参加她聚会的邀请外，还收到一份给医院里孩子们的礼物清单。A. letter信；B. recreatin娱乐；C. invitatin邀请；D. cake蛋糕。根据后文“t her party”可知，艾拉过生日，给朋友们发邀请函邀请他们参加她的生日派对。故选C。
21．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于最小的病人，礼物可能包括积木或填充玩具。A. wrkers工人；B. patients病人；C. parents父母；D. nurses护士。根据前文“Ella’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids at the hspital.”可知，此处指最小的病人会得到积木和填充玩具。故选B。
22．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“看到别人的幸福—这对我来说是最重要的，”艾拉说。A. happiness快乐；B. recgnitin认可；C. behavir行为；D. admiratin钦佩。根据前文“Then it’s time t share the gifts.”可知，此处指病人收到礼物时的幸福时刻。故选A。
23．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第一轮之后，捐赠的数量每年都在增长。A. changes改变；B. grws增加；C. declines下降；D. maintains保持。根据后文“But she desn’t keep an exact cunt.”可知，捐赠数量在增加。故选B。
24．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她目测判断。A. Thus因而；B. Smehw莫名其妙地；C. Smetimes有时候；D. Instead代替。根据前文“But she desn’t keep an exact cunt.”和后文“she judges by sight.”可知，对于捐赠的礼物数量，她没有确切的数字，而是目测。故选D。
25．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，它覆盖了整个地毯。A. reached到达；B. included包括；C. decrated装饰；D. cvered覆盖。根据前文“We measure hw much f the carpet it cvers in ur living rm”可知，艾拉通过目测覆盖多少地毯判断礼物数量，去年覆盖了整个地毯。故选D。
26．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在布里格姆儿童医院工作的艾莉森亲眼目睹了艾拉送礼物的影响。A. excitement兴奋；B. effect影响；C. inspiratin鼓舞；D. feature特色。根据后文““She puts smile n the faces f these little patients in ur hspital,” Allisn says. “They are all amazed at her _____ at such a yung age.””可知，此处说的是艾莉森目睹了艾拉送礼物的影响—给病人带来了快乐。故选B。
27．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“她给我们医院里的小病人带来了微笑，”艾莉森说。“他们都对她这么年轻就慷慨大方感到惊讶。”A. genersity慷慨；B. explratin探索；C. ambitin抱负；D. prgress进步。根据前文“Ella’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids at the hspital.”可知，艾拉送礼物给病人，是慷慨大方的。故选A。
28．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾拉努力帮助医院里的孩子们，这激励了其他人跟随她的脚步。A. prmises诺言；B. aims目标；C. effrts努力；D. prpsals提议。根据后文“inspired thers t ______ in her ftsteps.”和前文内容可知，艾拉做出的努力激励人们追随她的脚步。故选C。
29．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾拉努力帮助医院里的孩子们，这激励了其他人跟随她的脚步。A. fllw跟随；B. engage参加；C. track追踪；D. mix混合。根据后文“Friends have cllected and ______ gifts fr their birthdays t.”可知，其他人纷纷效仿艾拉。fllw in ne’s steps“效仿；跟随某人的脚步”。故选A。
30．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友们也因为他们的生日收集和捐赠礼物。A. received收到；B. cunted计算；C. gathered聚集；D. dnated捐赠。根据前文“have inspired thers t ______ in her ftsteps”可知，朋友们效仿艾拉也捐赠礼物。故选D。
31．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：给予他人在一天结束的时候是一种很好的感觉，”艾拉说。A. Respnding回应；B. Relating与……有关；C. Giving给予；D. Cmparing比较。根据前文内容可知，艾拉捐赠礼物给病人，是一种给予。故选C。
32．答案：have encuraged/have been encuraging；better；Investigating；fcused；what；r；in；t lead；significantly；stimulatr
解析：①考查现在完成（进行）时。句意：几代人以来，父母都鼓励他们的孩子练习演奏乐器。根据“Fr generatins”可知，句子用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍然要继续下去，主语parents表示复数意义，故填have encuraged/have been encuraging。
②考查形容词比较级。句意：学习一种乐器不仅与更好的教育成就有关，而且还与提高儿童的认知能力和智力分数有关。根据下文的并列关系“but als with imprved cgnitive (认知的) abilities and intelligence (智力) scres in children”可知，此处指“学习一种乐器不仅与更好的教育成就有关”，应用形容词比较级，故填better。
③考查非谓语动词。句意：最近的一项研究调查了这个问题，结果表明，与那些不太有音乐天赋或没有音乐天赋的人相比，有音乐天赋的人有更好的记忆力和专注于任务的能力。动词investigate与study之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填investigating。
④考查形容词。句意同上。stay在句中用作连系动词，空处应用形容词作表语，fcused“注意力集中的”，形容词，故填fcused。
⑤考查主语从句。句意：然而，演奏乐器的人之间的差异在于他们是继续演奏还是只在过去演奏过。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。
⑥考查连词。句意同上。whether…r…“是……还是……”，固定短语，故填r。
⑦考查介词。句意：持续参与认知刺激活动，如演奏乐器，可能会导致持续的大脑健康。engagement in…“参与……”，固定搭配，故填in。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意同上。be likely t d sth“可能做某事”，故此处应填动词不定式，故填t lead。
⑨考查副词。句意：相比之下，在小学只演奏三年竖笛可能不会对我们以后的认知表现产生显著影响。修饰动词impact应用副词形式，故填significantly。
⑩考查名词。句意：考虑到学习一种乐器或参加合唱团的整体好处，随着年龄的增长，参与这种认知刺激可能是有益的。结合空前的“a cgnitive”可知，空处应填名词单数，stimulatr“刺激物”，名词，故填stimulatr。
33．答案：
Dear Ryan,
I’m delighted t hear abut yur plan t launch an English reading activity. Here are my suggestins.
Firstly, as fr the reading materials, I suggest we chse a variety f texts t cater t different interests and reading levels. This diversity will nt nly enrich ur reading experience but als braden ur hrizns. Secndly, regarding the reading frmat, I prpse a cmbinatin f bth grup cllabratin and independent reading. Grup cllabratin can fster a lively discussin and encurage students t share their insights, while independent reading allws individuals t delve deeper int the texts at their wn pace.
What I strngly believe is that these suggestins will cntribute t the success f ur reading activity.
Best regards,
Li Hua
解析：本篇书面表达是一封建议信。要求考生以李华的身份，就你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见一事，给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased/glad
各种各样的：a variety f → varius/a wide range f
建议：suggest→ recmmend
相信：believe→ be cnvinced f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted t hear abut yur plan t launch an English reading activity.
拓展句：I’m delighted t learn that yur plan t launch an English reading activity.
【高分句型1】This diversity will nt nly enrich ur reading experience but als braden ur hrizns.（使用了nt nly…but als结构）
【高分句型2】What I strngly believe is that these suggestins will cntribute t the success f ur reading activity.（使用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
34．答案：
They rushed the calf int the stall. Bill quickly started a fire while Becky quickly fetched blankets and wrapped her, rubbing and hlding her bdy gently. “Dad, she is mving!” Becky gave an excited shut. Then she fed a few drps f warm milk in the calf’s muth and the tiny jaws mved slightly. Frm then n, the first thing Becky did after schl was ging t the stall and feeding her. Day by day, Tag 333 became a strng calf with huge brwn eyes, and a cat that shne like silk. “She’ll be the champin in the cmpetitin!” Becky thught.
Time flying by, the judging day finally arrived. Flags, musicians shuting children and bawling cattle added t the excitement at the cunty fair. The judge began checking each calf carefully, then questined its yung wner, wh tried hard t describe hw gd their calves lked like Becky’s turn came last. She recited all the numbers since Tag 333’s birth she had clearly memrized. Pinting t Tag 333, the judge annunced, Ladies and gentlemen, my chice fr first place is this ne!” Hlding the blue ribbn, Becky realized the experience f lve and care is beynd what numbers can cnvey.
解析：本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了贝基通过养小牛来锻炼自己的数学能力，她开始记录预计的费用，同时为蓝丝带比赛作准备。最后小牛在她的精心照顾下，获得了比赛的冠军，贝基也意识到爱和关怀的体验是数字无法表达的。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他们把小牛赶到牛棚里。”可知，第一段可描写贝基照顾小牛的经过以及小牛的成长情况。
②由第二段首句内容“时间飞逝，裁判的日子终于到了”可知，第二段可描写比赛的经过和结果以及贝基的感悟。
2.续写线索：小牛生病—照顾小牛—小牛健康成长—参加比赛—小牛获奖—贝基感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①记得：memrize/remember
②意识到：realize/be aware f
③表达：cnvey/express
情绪类
①激动：excited/thrilled
②爱：lve/affectin
[高分句型1] Hlding the blue ribbn, Becky realized the experience f lve and care is beynd what numbers can cnvey. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] The judge began checking each calf carefully, then questined its yung wner, wh tried hard t describe hw gd their calves lked like Becky’s turn came last. (运用了wh引导非限制性定语从句)
一、阅读理解
EYLEA
Cnsumer Brief Summary
This summary cntains risk and safety infrmatin fr patients abut EYLEA. It des nt include all the infrmatin and des nt take the place f talking t yur eye dctr.
What is EYLEA?
EYLEA is a medicine that wrks by blcking vascular endthelial grwth factr(VEGF）, which can cause fluid t leak int the macula(视网膜黄斑).
What is EYLEA used fr?
EYLEA is indicated fr the treatment f patients with:
·Macular Edema Fllwing Retinal Vein Occlusin(RVO)
·Diabetic Macular Edema(DME)
·Diabetic Retinpathy(DR)
Hw is EYLEA given?
EYLEA is an injectin(注射)administered by eye dctr and the injectins are given n different schedules. Cnfirm with yur dctr which schedule is apprpriate.
What are the mst cmmn side effects f EYLEA?
·Eye pain
·Light sensitivity
·Increased eye redness
Fr mre pssible side effects, ask yur eye dctr. Yu are encuraged t reprt negative side effects f prescriptin drugs t the FDA. Visit , r call1-800-FDA-1088.
What shuld I tell my eye dctr befre receiving EYLEA?
·Infectins in r arund the eye
·Eye pain r redness
·Being allergic t any ingredients in EYLEA
·Being r planning t be pregnant
Where can I learn mre abut EYLEA?
Fr a mre cmprehensive review f EYLEA safety and risk infrmatin, talk t yur health care prvider and see the full infrmatin at EYLEA. cm.
1．Wh is the passage intended fr?
A. Eye dctrs.B. Medicine students.
C. Drug researchers.D. Patients with eye cnditins.
2．Hw can yu learn mre abut EYLEA?
A. Visit EYLEA. cm.B. Call1-800-FDA-1088.
C. Visit D. Talk t a medical prfessr.
3．What is this text?
A. A medical reprt.B. An intrductin t a bk.
C. A healthcare cntract.D. A piece f medical instructins.
Watfrd and her family have lived in Curtis Bay, Baltimre fr generatins. Her cmmunity has faced envirnmental injustice. Heavy industries cntinued t mve in her cmmunity. As a result, her neighbrs have had t live with serius respiratry (呼吸的) prblems.
When she knew a plan t build the natin’s largest trash-burning incineratr (焚化炉) less than a mile away frm her high schl, she realized she had t take actin. The incineratr was being sld wrngly as clean, renewable energy equipment but actually it wuld be a surce f brain-damaging chemicals and wuld release 200 millin tns f greenhuse gases per year, bth wrse than cal burning. Watfrd felt she had a respnsibility t warn her cmmunity t wrk tgether t shut this plant dwn.
She c-funded Free Yur Vice (FYV), a 10-persn student rganizatin devted t cmmunity rights and scial justice. Tgether, they decided t start a campaign t take dwn Energy Answers, the incineratr’s develper. They went dr-t-dr talking t neighbrs and rganizing prtests.
When it was discvered that Baltimre City Public Schls (BCPS) was ging t be a custmer f Energy Answers, the rganizatin fught with the bard and presented their case, urging BCPS t withdraw frm the prject. BCPS was cnvinced t cancel their cntract, which in turn inspired 22 ther custmers t d the same. Withut any financial gain, Energy Answers had n market t mve frward with its plan.
Watfrd cntinues t wrk with Curtis Bay residents tward fair develpment. They have a visin fr the future which includes building a zer-waste mvement, a slar farm, and green jbs. She wants the entire human family t jin the fight fr envirnmental justice because survival as a species depends n ur ability t take actin.
4．What caused respiratry prblems in Watfrd’s cmmunity?
A. Pr medical care.B. Terrible envirnmental cnditins.
C. Cnstant bacterial infectin.D. Unbalanced distributin f resurces.
5．What is Watfrd’s attitude t building the incineratr?
A. Unfavurable.B. Dubtful.C. Unclear.D. Indifferent.
6．What was the result f their campaign?
A. BCPS lst financial supprt.B. Energy Answers stpped its plan.
C. The investrs fund new market.D. Many custmers revised their cntracts.
7．What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. A teenage her against urban pllutin
B. A teenage her fighting fr an advanced city
C. A battle fr Baltimre’s sky by a teenage her
D. The scial justice challenge fr a teenage her
Humans wrk hard t avid viruses. Sick peple are islated, diseased animals are killed and fields f infected crps are fired up. Reviving(复活)an ancient virus wuld surely be a disaster.
But a new study led by Fiddamanfrm Oxfrd, challenges this cnventinal wisdm. It shws hw the revival f an ancient virus can unlck the secrets f its evlutin.
The virus in the study is Marek’s disease virus(MDV), killing mre than 90% f chickens. Yet when it was discvered in 1907, MDV rarely caused death.
Dr Fiddaman wndered whether its new-fund virulence(毒性)was a result f large structural changes. T find ut, he and his clleagues gt their hands n nearly 1,000 chicken bnes frm ancient times acrss Eurpe and Asia, sme f them up t 2000 years ld. Sectins f DNA frm these remains were mapped n t the nes f tday’s virus.
As the authrs pieced tgether the sets f genes f ancient MDV, hwever, they nticed that the genes were arranged identically t thse in mdern species. It suggests that the increased virulence resulted nt frm large structural changes, but frm pint mutatins(突变). In particular, changes had ccurred in the arrangement f a gene called MEQ, which has an essential rle in tumur(肿瘤)frmatin.
This discvery suggests that the ancient MDV may nt have been able t cause tumurs. T test this assumptin, Dr Fiddaman fllwed up with a daring experiment. He made the ancient frm f the MEQ gene and sht it int living chicken cells. It did nt turn n any f the genes assciated with tumur frmatin. In cmparisn, a mdern MEQ gene quickly shwed its tendency t cause tumurs.
By cmbining ancient and mdern genetic bilgy, the methds pineered in the paper reveal hw, and mre imprtantly why, any virus mutates. That culd help scientists tackle ther viruses that pull n the purse-strings f farmers—by designing new vaccines(疫苗), fr instance— r even t wrk ut hw t prevent anther glbal pandemic.
8．What is widely acknwledged abut the revival f an ancient virus?
A. It is a challenging task.B. It reveals the virus evlutin.
C. It means a disaster fr humans.D. It helps peple fight diseases.
9．What caused the virulence change f MDV?
A. Pint mutatins in MEQ.B. The ccurrance f a new gene.
C. The reprductin f the ancient MDV.D. Large structural changes in mdern species.
10．Hw did Dr Fiddaman test the assumptin?
A. By investigating a typical case.B. By cnducting a field survey.
C. By studying the related theries.D. By ding a cmparative experiment.
11．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Viruses weaken gradually when they mutate.
B. The finding thrws light n handling ther viruses.
C. A glbal pandemic requires a wrld effrt t end it.
D. Farmers will face mre cmplex challenges than befre.
When American anthrplgist Clin Turnbull published The Muntain Peple in 1972, he referred t his subjects — a Ugandan grup called the Ik — as “the lveless peple.” After tw years f bservatins, he decided that they reflected humanity’s basic instincts (本能): cheat, thievery, and pitilessness. But when Athena Aktipis and her clleagues frm the Human Genersity Prject tk a deeper lk, they identified a cmmunity that shared everything. “Turnbull had visited Uganda during a disastrus famine (饥荒). All he saw is what happens when peple are starving.” says Aktipis. But her team revealed that despite living under pressure, the Ik placed a high value n helping ne anther when they culd.
Aktipis believes that altruism is mre cmmn and beneficial than evlutinary scial science has lng thught. “It was assumed that peple are designed t nly d things t help themselves r their relatives.” she says. By studying the unique, selfless practices that helped nine cmmunities acrss the wrld t cntinue t exist, the experts frm the Prject are lking t shw that we are indeed capable f widespread cperatin.
The Maasai peple in Kenya prvide ne f the prject’s main pints. They rely n tw-way friendships fr resurces like fd r water when they’re in need, withut expecting any repayment. Als, a wrld away, in New Mexic, while flks ften help transprt cattle and receive supprt in return, they will assist withut repayment if smene faces difficulties, such as an injury r the death f a lved ne.
Aktipis believes theretical framewrks she’s perfected thrugh studying these grups can apply bradly t any interdependent systems. Her big gal is t design scial-service systems that supprt everyne. Take market-based insurance in the United States as an example: It’s priced based n individual risk factrs such as health histries and where peple live, which means millins f Americans can’t affrd it. But in a system built n neighbring, pled csts (合并成本) wuld level the burden during cllective hardship like natural disasters and pandemics.
12．What did Turnbull think f the Ik peple?
A. Heartless.B. Helpful.C. Restless.D. Generus.
13．What des the underlined wrd “altruism” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Trying t be strng and tugh t survive.
B. Making full use f the surrunding resurces.
C. Being devted t themselves r their relatives.
D. Caring abut the needs and happiness f thers.
14．What des paragraph 3 intend t cnvey?
A. Friendships guarantee a well-being life.
B. Flks assist each ther t get supprt.
C. Cperatin is a gd and natural instinct.
D. Peple tend t prvide resurces fr free.
15．Hw des Aktipis intend t apply her findings?
A. By designing a plicy fr public health.
B. By mnitring individual health histries.
C. By creating a system against cllective hardship.
D. By lwering insurance prices fr individual victims.
二、七选五
16．Mark Cvingtn, funder f the Gergia Street Cmmunity Cllective in Detrit, stands in a crner f his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early mrning. ①_____Early in the day, the green crps giving life t tmates, cabbages, eggplants, and mre are bathed in gld, as if being watered by the sun. The sunds f dgs, pigs, rsters, and a grup f stirring bees drwn ut the sunds f the city.
In 2007, Cvingtn lst his jb and returned t his childhd street. ②_____ “It was dirty,” he said. “There were always vacant lts, but they had always been maintained fr children t play n.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up, peple wuld pile n them again. ③_____
Cvingtn started with a small cmmunity garden. ④_____One mther sent three children t help him build a larger garden where the kids culd grw fd, stay busy during the summer and add structure t their lives. Little by little the seeds tk rt, as the hands n the garden that wuld evlve int a farm multiplied.
⑤_____ On ne crner: a mvie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flwer beds. On anther: a farm and a cmmunity center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhuse. “It’s smewhat spiritual fr me,” Cvingtn says. “It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿). Peple cme here and dn’t want t leave.”
A. But if he planted stuff, they might nt.
B. It’s a typical mrning scene at the cllective.
C. He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandned lts.
D. Cvingtn made the garden a little bigger t plant mre.
E. And almst immediately neighbrs began asking t participate.
F. He planted a garden t help feed residents and enrich their lives.
G. What began as an effrt t remve trash has turned int a site f cmmunity.
三、完形填空（15空）
Whatever the patient’s age r disease, a hspital stay can be stressful, especially fr kids. Effrts like Ella’s are a(an) 1 spt during a tugh time.
It began in 2018, when Ella celebrated her birthday in a 2 way — a gift drive. Since then, it has 3 each year in early Octber, a few weeks befre her birthday. Alng with a(an) 4 t her party, Ella’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids at the hspital. Fr the yungest 5 , gifts might include building blcks r stuffed tys. Then it’s time t share the gifts. “Seeing ther peple’s 6 — that’s all that matters t me,” Ella says.
After the first rund, the number f dnatins 7 every year. But she desn’t keep an exact cunt. 8 , she judges by sight. “We measure hw much f the carpet it cvers in ur living rm,” Ella says. “Last year, it 9 the entire carpet.”
Allisn, wrking at Brigham Children’s Hspital, has seen firsthand the 10 f Ella’s gift-giving. “She puts smile n the faces f these little patients in ur hspital,” Allisn says. “They are all amazed at her 11 at such a yung age.”
Ella’s 12 t help kids in the hspital have inspired thers t 13 in her ftsteps. Friends have cllected and 14 gifts fr their birthdays t.
“ 15 t thers is a gd feeling t have at the end f the day,” Ella says. “I want t keep ding this as lng as I can.”
17．A. independentB. extraC. freeD. bright
18．A. newB. privateC. fancyD. natural
19．A. wrked utB. kicked ffC. given utD. thught up
20．A. letterB. recreatinC. invitatinD. cake
21．A. wrkersB. patientsC. parentsD. nurses
22．A. happinessB. recgnitinC. behavirD. admiratin
23．A. changesB. grwsC. declinesD. maintains
24．A. ThusB. SmehwC. SmetimesD. Instead
25．A. reachedB. includedC. decratedD. cvered
26．A. excitementB. effectC. inspiratinD. feature
27．A. genersityB. explratinC. ambitinD. prgress
28．A. prmisesB. aimsC. effrtsD. prpsals
29．A. fllwB. engageC. trackD. mix
30．A. receivedB. cuntedC. gatheredD. dnated
31．A. RespndingB. RelatingC. GivingD. Cmparing
四、短文填空
32．Playing an instrument r singing in a chir may bst yur brain. Fr generatins, parents ① (encurage) their children t practice playing musical instruments. Parents have gd reasn t priritize their children’s musical educatin. Learning an instrument is nt nly assciated with ② (gd) educatinal attainment but als with imprved cgnitive (认知的) abilities and intelligence (智力) scres in children.
The results f a recent study ③ (investigate) this questin shwed that musical peple had better memry and the ability t stay ④ (fcus) n tasks than thse with less r n musicality.
Hwever, ⑤ made a difference amng thse wh played an instrument was whether they cntinued t play ⑥ had nly played in the past. Current amateur musicians exhibited the highest cgnitive perfrmance amng participants.
Cntinued engagement ⑦ cgnitively stimulating activities, like playing an instrument, is likely ⑧ (lead) t sustained brain health. In cntrast, playing the recrder fr nly three years in primary schl may nt ⑨ (significant) impact ur cgnitive perfrmance later in life.
Given the verall benefits f learning an instrument r participating in a chir, engaging in such a cgnitive ⑩ (stimulate) as we age culd be beneficial.
五、书面表达
33．假如你是李华，你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见，请你给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由，内容包括：
1.材料选择；
2.阅读形式（小组合作或自主阅读）。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Becky, a 12-year-ld girl, was deep in her maths hmewrk. Her father Bill asked her t help fix the gate f the stall (牛栏). “I culdn’t cme ut and help, Daddy,” she respnded, withut even lking up. “I’ll get extra marks if I d these equatins (方程式).”
Frwning, Bill was cncerned abut Becky. She nly lved numbers, shwing little interest in ther things. Bill hped his daughter culd enjy animals and help n their farm.
“Wuldn’t yu like t win the blue ribbn cmpetitin with yur very wn calf next year?” Bill refused t give up. In the cmpetitin, children shw the calves they raise and the best calf (小牛) with a large build, well-develped muscles and strng legs wuld get the blue ribbn.
Becky listened withut a wrd. “Yu knw, raising a calf als requires mathmatics, like calculating the expenses t maintain health and muscle develpment during grwth.” Bill cntinued.
It seemed that smething clicked with Becky, “It might be a perfect pprtunity t shw my math talents.” She then fllwed her dad int the stall. Bill pinted t a new brn calf. “Here she is! Tag 333. She will be the best calf!” Becky lked, and a smile brightened her face. “OK. I’ll give it a try.”
In the fllwing weeks, she started a jurnal f prjected expenses —vaccinatins, registratin fees, vet bills, grain and hay. “She’s finally getting interested in cattle,” Bill thught. But fr Becky, the calf seemed mre like a mathematical challenge than a living animal that wuld require care and lve.
Winter came —the tugh time fr the calves. One mrning, an extreme snwstrm hit. Calves! Bill and Becky hurried t the stall t check. All the calves were inside except Tag 333! Where was she? They searched everywhere and finally fund her a mile away frm the stall. The little calf was lying still, cvered in ice and snw. Her eyelids were sealed shut by glittering frst. “Is she dead?” Becky cried. Bill pressed his fingers against the calf’s chest. “N. But we need t d smething —fast,” he urged.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
They rushed the calf int the stall.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Time flying by, the judging day finally arrived.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由文章Cnsumer Brief Summary中“This summary cntains risk and safety infrmatin fr patients abut EYLEA. It des nt include all the infrmatin and des nt take the place f talking t yur eye dctr.(本摘要包含对使用EYLEA患者的风险和安全信息。它不包括所有信息，也不代替与眼科医生交谈。)”以及What is EYLEA used fr?中“EYLEA is indicated fr the treatment f patients with(EYLEA适用于治疗...的病人)”可知，该文章是为患有眼部疾病的患者准备的。故选D项。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Fr a mre cmprehensive review f EYLEA safety and risk infrmatin, talk t yur health care prvider and see the full infrmatin at EYLEA. cm.(有关EYLEA安全和风险信息的更全面了解，请与您的医疗保健提供者联系，并在EYLEA. cm查看完整信息。)”可知，读者可以访问EYLEA.cm了解更多关于EYLEA的信息。故选A项。
3．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由文章第一段“This summary cntains risk and safety infrmatin fr patients abut EYLEA. It des nt include all the infrmatin and des nt take the place f talking t yur eye dctr.(本摘要包含对使用EYLEA患者的风险和安全信息。它不包括所有信息，也不代替与眼科医生交谈。)”以及下文可知，这篇文章是一份关于 EYLEA药的使用说明书。故选D项。
4．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her cmmunity has faced envirnmental injustice. Heavy industries cntinued t mve in her cmmunity. As a result, her neighbrs have had t live with serius respiratry (呼吸的) prblems.(她的社区面临着环境的不公正。重工业继续往她的社区迁移。结果，她的邻居不得不忍受严重的呼吸问题)”可知，恶劣的环境条件导致Watfrd社区出现呼吸问题，故选B。
5．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Watfrd felt she had a respnsibility t warn her cmmunity t wrk tgether t shut this plant dwn.(Watfrd觉得她有责任警告她的社区共同努力关闭这家工厂)”可知，Watfrd不支持建立垃圾焚化炉，故选A。
6．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“BCPS was cnvinced t cancel their cntract, which in turn inspired 22 ther custmers t d the same. Withut any financial gain, Energy Answers had n market t mve frward with its plan.(BCPS被说服取消了合同，这反过来又激励了其他22家客户也这样做。没有任何经济收益，Energy Answers就没有市场来推进其计划)”可知，Watfrd发起的运动结果是迫使开发商Energy Answers停止了其计划。故选B。
7．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“Tgether, they decided t start a campaign t take dwn Energy Answers, the incineratr’s develper.(他们一起决定发起一场运动，打倒垃圾焚烧炉的开发商Energy Answers)”和最后一段中“She wants the entire human family t jin the fight fr envirnmental justice because survival as a species depends n ur ability t take actin.(她希望整个人类大家庭都加入到环境正义的斗争中来，因为作为一个物种的生存取决于我们采取行动的能力)”可知，文章主要讲述恶劣的环境导致Watfrd所在社区出现健康问题，Watfrd和另外9个学生成立Free Yur Vice组织，发起反对建立垃圾焚化炉的运动，最终迫使该项目被叫停，C项“少年英雄为巴尔的摩的天空而战”为最佳标题，故选C。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段“Humans wrk hard t avid viruses. Sick peple are islated, diseased animals are killed and fields f infected crps are fired up. Reviving（复活）an ancient virus wuld surely be a disaster.(人类努力躲避病毒。病人被隔离，患病的动物被杀死，被感染的作物被点燃。复活一种古老的病毒肯定是一场灾难。 )”可知，普遍认为，复活一种古老的病毒肯定是一场灾难。故选C项。
9．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由文章第五段“It suggests that the increased virulence resulted nt frm large structural changes, but frm pint mutatins(突变). In particular, changes had ccurred in the arrangement f a gene called MEQ, which has an essential rle in tumur(肿瘤)frmatin.(这表明毒力的增加不是由大的结构变化引起的，而是由点突变引起的。特别是，一种名为MEQ的基因的排列发生了变化，该基因在肿瘤形成中起着重要作用。)”可知，MEQ点突变引起MDV毒力变化。故选A项。
10．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“T test this assumptin, Dr Fiddaman fllwed up with a daring experiment. He made the ancient frm f the MEQ gene and sht it int living chicken cells. It did nt turn n any f the genes assciated with tumur frmatin. In cmparisn, a mdern MEQ gene quickly shwed its tendency t cause tumurs.(为了验证这一假设，Fiddaman博士进行了一项大胆的实验。他制造了古老的MEQ基因，并将其注射到活的鸡细胞中。它没有启动任何与肿瘤形成相关的基因。相比之下，现代的MEQ基因很快就显示出了导致肿瘤的趋势。)”可知，Fiddaman博士通过做一个比较实验来验证这一假设。故选D项。
11．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段“By cmbining ancient and mdern genetic bilgy, the methds pineered in the paper reveal hw, and mre imprtantly why, any virus mutates. That culd help scientists tackle ther viruses that pull n the purse-strings f farmers —by designing new vaccines(疫苗), fr instance— r even t wrk ut hw t prevent anther glbal pandemic.(通过结合古代和现代基因生物学，论文中开创的方法揭示了任何病毒是如何变异的，更重要的是为什么变异。这可能有助于科学家应对其它影响农民钱包的病毒—例如，通过设计新的疫苗—甚至研究如何预防另一场全球大流行。)”可知，这一发现为处理其它病毒提供了线索。故选B项。
12．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“When American anthrplgist Clin Turnbull published The Muntain Peple in 1972, he referred t his subjects — a Ugandan grup called the Ik — as ‘the lveless peple.’(当美国人类学家Clin Turnbull在1972年出版The Muntain Peple时，他把他的研究对象—一个叫做Ik的乌干达群体—称为‘无爱的人’)”可知，Turnbull认为Ik人很无情，故选A。
13．答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段末句“But her team revealed that despite living under pressure, the Ik placed a high value n helping ne anther when they culd.(但她的团队透露，尽管生活在压力之下，但Ik人非常重视在可能的情况下互相帮助)”及划线词下文“It was assumed that peple are designed t nly d things t help themselves r their relatives.(人们被认为只会做有利于自己或亲人的事情)”可知，Ik人会互相帮助，故划线词所在句意为“Aktipis认为，利他主义比进化社会科学长期以来认为的更为普遍和有益”，altruism意为“利他主义”，故选D。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“The Maasai peple in Kenya prvide ne f the prject’s main pints. They rely n tw-way friendships fr resurces like fd r water when they’re in need, withut expecting any repayment. Als, a wrld away, in New Mexic, while flks ften help transprt cattle and receive supprt in return, they will assist withut repayment if smene faces difficulties, such as an injury r the death f a lved ne.(肯尼亚的马赛人提供了该项目的主要观点之一。当他们需要食物或水等资源时，他们依靠双向友谊，而不期望任何回报。另外，在另一个世界的新墨西哥州，虽然人们经常帮助运输牲畜并获得支持作为回报，但如果有人遇到困难，比如亲人受伤或死亡，他们会无偿提供帮助)”可知，本段旨在通过两个例子表明，合作是一种良好而自然的本能，故选C。
15．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Aktipis believes theretical framewrks she’s perfected thrugh studying these grups can apply bradly t any interdependent systems. Her big gal is t design scial-service systems that supprt everyne.(Aktipis认为，她通过研究这些群体而完善的理论框架可以广泛应用于任何相互依存的系统)”以及“But in a system built n neighbring, pled csts (合并成本) wuld level the burden during cllective hardship like natural disasters and pandemics.(但在一个建立在相邻基础上的体系中，在自然灾害和流行病等集体困难时期，合并成本将减轻负担)”可知，Aktipis打算通过建立一个对抗集体困难的制度来应用她的发现，故选C。
16．答案：BCAEG
解析：①根据上文“Mark Cvingtn, funder f the Gergia Street Cmmunity Cllective in Detrit, stands in a crner f his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early mrning.(Mark Cvingtn是底特律乔治亚街社区集体组织的创始人，他站在自家城市农场的一角，呼吸着清晨的新鲜空气)”及下文“Early in the day, the green crps giving life t tmates, cabbages, eggplants, and mre are bathed in gld, as if being watered by the sun.(清晨，绿色的庄稼，如西红柿、卷心菜、茄子等，沐浴在金色之中，仿佛被太阳浇灌过)”可知，这些描述共同构成了清晨在这个集体农场中的典型景象，B项“这是集体农场的一个典型清晨场景”符合语境，故选B。
②根据上文“In 2007, Cvingtn lst his jb and returned t his childhd street.(2007年，Cvingtn失去了工作，回到了儿时的街道)”以及下文“‘It was dirty,’ he said.(‘很脏，’他说)”可知，此处是说Cvingtn回到儿时的街道后看到脏乱的景象，C项“他看到垃圾堆在空的、废弃的空地上”符合语境，故选C。
③上文“He knew that if he just cleaned them up, peple wuld pile n them again.(他知道如果他把它们清理干净，人们又会把它们堆起来)”提到，Cvingtn意识到如果只是简单地清理这些空地，人们又会再次把垃圾堆在上面，这暗示了需要一种更持久、更有意义的改变，结合下文“Cvingtn started with a small cmmunity garden.(Cvingtn从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到他种植社区花园可知，空处是说他想到如果在这些空地上种植东西，人们可能就不会再往上面乱丢垃圾了，A项“但如果他种一些东西，他们可能就不会（堆积）”符合语境，故选A。
④上文“Cvingtn started with a small cmmunity garden.(Cvingtn从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到Cvingtn开始种植社区花园，结合下文“One mther sent three children t help him build a larger garden where the kids culd grw fd, stay busy during the summer and add structure t their lives.(一位母亲让三个孩子帮他建了一个更大的花园，孩子们可以在那里种食物，在夏天保持忙碌，并为他们的生活增添一些安排)”可知，邻居们和Cvingtn一起种植社区花园，E项“邻居们几乎立刻就开始要求参与进来”符合语境，故选E。
⑤结合下文“On ne crner: a mvie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flwer beds. On anther: a farm and a cmmunity center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhuse.(在一个角落里：一个电影屏幕和一个有蔬菜和花坛的公共花园。在另一个角落：一个农场和一个社区中心在一栋楼里。附近是大蒜床和温室)”可知，文章最后描述了Cvingtn的项目如何从清理垃圾开始，逐渐发展成为一个集电影屏幕、公共花园、农场和社区中心等多种功能于一体的社区活动场所。这显示了该项目从单纯的垃圾清理转变为一个促进社区凝聚力和活力的地方。因此，选项G“从清理垃圾开始的项目已经变成了一个社区活动的地方”最能概括文章结尾部分的内容。故选G。
17．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像艾拉这样的努力是艰难时期的一个亮点。A. independent独立的；B. extra额外的；C. free自由的；D. bright欢快的，明亮的。根据前文“Whatever the patient’s age r disease, a hspital stay can be stressful, especially fr kids.”和后文“Ella’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids at the hspital”可知，病人在医院的时光是艰难的，艾拉给生病的孩子送礼物是这段艰难时光中明亮的时刻。故选D。
18．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一切始于2018年，当时艾拉以一种新的方式庆祝她的生日—送礼物。A. new新的；B. private私人的；C. fancy奇特的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“a gift drive. Since then, it has ______ each year in early Octber, a few weeks befre her birthday.”可知，艾拉用一种新的不同于通常的方式庆祝自己的生日。故选A。
19．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，每年的十月初，也就是她生日的前几周，就开始了。A. wrked ut计算出；B. kicked ff开始；C. given ut分发；D. thught up想出。根据后文“Alng with a(an) ______ t her party, Ella’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids at the hspital.”可知，艾拉和朋友在她的生日前几周就开始送礼物给住院的孩子们。故选B。
20．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾拉的朋友们除了收到参加她聚会的邀请外，还收到一份给医院里孩子们的礼物清单。A. letter信；B. recreatin娱乐；C. invitatin邀请；D. cake蛋糕。根据后文“t her party”可知，艾拉过生日，给朋友们发邀请函邀请他们参加她的生日派对。故选C。
21．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于最小的病人，礼物可能包括积木或填充玩具。A. wrkers工人；B. patients病人；C. parents父母；D. nurses护士。根据前文“Ella’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids at the hspital.”可知，此处指最小的病人会得到积木和填充玩具。故选B。
22．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“看到别人的幸福—这对我来说是最重要的，”艾拉说。A. happiness快乐；B. recgnitin认可；C. behavir行为；D. admiratin钦佩。根据前文“Then it’s time t share the gifts.”可知，此处指病人收到礼物时的幸福时刻。故选A。
23．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第一轮之后，捐赠的数量每年都在增长。A. changes改变；B. grws增加；C. declines下降；D. maintains保持。根据后文“But she desn’t keep an exact cunt.”可知，捐赠数量在增加。故选B。
24．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她目测判断。A. Thus因而；B. Smehw莫名其妙地；C. Smetimes有时候；D. Instead代替。根据前文“But she desn’t keep an exact cunt.”和后文“she judges by sight.”可知，对于捐赠的礼物数量，她没有确切的数字，而是目测。故选D。
25．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，它覆盖了整个地毯。A. reached到达；B. included包括；C. decrated装饰；D. cvered覆盖。根据前文“We measure hw much f the carpet it cvers in ur living rm”可知，艾拉通过目测覆盖多少地毯判断礼物数量，去年覆盖了整个地毯。故选D。
26．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在布里格姆儿童医院工作的艾莉森亲眼目睹了艾拉送礼物的影响。A. excitement兴奋；B. effect影响；C. inspiratin鼓舞；D. feature特色。根据后文““She puts smile n the faces f these little patients in ur hspital,” Allisn says. “They are all amazed at her _____ at such a yung age.””可知，此处说的是艾莉森目睹了艾拉送礼物的影响—给病人带来了快乐。故选B。
27．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“她给我们医院里的小病人带来了微笑，”艾莉森说。“他们都对她这么年轻就慷慨大方感到惊讶。”A. genersity慷慨；B. explratin探索；C. ambitin抱负；D. prgress进步。根据前文“Ella’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids at the hspital.”可知，艾拉送礼物给病人，是慷慨大方的。故选A。
28．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾拉努力帮助医院里的孩子们，这激励了其他人跟随她的脚步。A. prmises诺言；B. aims目标；C. effrts努力；D. prpsals提议。根据后文“inspired thers t ______ in her ftsteps.”和前文内容可知，艾拉做出的努力激励人们追随她的脚步。故选C。
29．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾拉努力帮助医院里的孩子们，这激励了其他人跟随她的脚步。A. fllw跟随；B. engage参加；C. track追踪；D. mix混合。根据后文“Friends have cllected and ______ gifts fr their birthdays t.”可知，其他人纷纷效仿艾拉。fllw in ne’s steps“效仿；跟随某人的脚步”。故选A。
30．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友们也因为他们的生日收集和捐赠礼物。A. received收到；B. cunted计算；C. gathered聚集；D. dnated捐赠。根据前文“have inspired thers t ______ in her ftsteps”可知，朋友们效仿艾拉也捐赠礼物。故选D。
31．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：给予他人在一天结束的时候是一种很好的感觉，”艾拉说。A. Respnding回应；B. Relating与……有关；C. Giving给予；D. Cmparing比较。根据前文内容可知，艾拉捐赠礼物给病人，是一种给予。故选C。
32．答案：have encuraged/have been encuraging；better；Investigating；fcused；what；r；in；t lead；significantly；stimulatr
解析：①考查现在完成（进行）时。句意：几代人以来，父母都鼓励他们的孩子练习演奏乐器。根据“Fr generatins”可知，句子用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍然要继续下去，主语parents表示复数意义，故填have encuraged/have been encuraging。
②考查形容词比较级。句意：学习一种乐器不仅与更好的教育成就有关，而且还与提高儿童的认知能力和智力分数有关。根据下文的并列关系“but als with imprved cgnitive (认知的) abilities and intelligence (智力) scres in children”可知，此处指“学习一种乐器不仅与更好的教育成就有关”，应用形容词比较级，故填better。
③考查非谓语动词。句意：最近的一项研究调查了这个问题，结果表明，与那些不太有音乐天赋或没有音乐天赋的人相比，有音乐天赋的人有更好的记忆力和专注于任务的能力。动词investigate与study之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填investigating。
④考查形容词。句意同上。stay在句中用作连系动词，空处应用形容词作表语，fcused“注意力集中的”，形容词，故填fcused。
⑤考查主语从句。句意：然而，演奏乐器的人之间的差异在于他们是继续演奏还是只在过去演奏过。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。
⑥考查连词。句意同上。whether…r…“是……还是……”，固定短语，故填r。
⑦考查介词。句意：持续参与认知刺激活动，如演奏乐器，可能会导致持续的大脑健康。engagement in…“参与……”，固定搭配，故填in。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意同上。be likely t d sth“可能做某事”，故此处应填动词不定式，故填t lead。
⑨考查副词。句意：相比之下，在小学只演奏三年竖笛可能不会对我们以后的认知表现产生显著影响。修饰动词impact应用副词形式，故填significantly。
⑩考查名词。句意：考虑到学习一种乐器或参加合唱团的整体好处，随着年龄的增长，参与这种认知刺激可能是有益的。结合空前的“a cgnitive”可知，空处应填名词单数，stimulatr“刺激物”，名词，故填stimulatr。
33．答案：
Dear Ryan,
I’m delighted t hear abut yur plan t launch an English reading activity. Here are my suggestins.
Firstly, as fr the reading materials, I suggest we chse a variety f texts t cater t different interests and reading levels. This diversity will nt nly enrich ur reading experience but als braden ur hrizns. Secndly, regarding the reading frmat, I prpse a cmbinatin f bth grup cllabratin and independent reading. Grup cllabratin can fster a lively discussin and encurage students t share their insights, while independent reading allws individuals t delve deeper int the texts at their wn pace.
What I strngly believe is that these suggestins will cntribute t the success f ur reading activity.
Best regards,
Li Hua
解析：本篇书面表达是一封建议信。要求考生以李华的身份，就你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见一事，给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased/glad
各种各样的：a variety f → varius/a wide range f
建议：suggest→ recmmend
相信：believe→ be cnvinced f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted t hear abut yur plan t launch an English reading activity.
拓展句：I’m delighted t learn that yur plan t launch an English reading activity.
【高分句型1】This diversity will nt nly enrich ur reading experience but als braden ur hrizns.（使用了nt nly…but als结构）
【高分句型2】What I strngly believe is that these suggestins will cntribute t the success f ur reading activity.（使用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
34．答案：
They rushed the calf int the stall. Bill quickly started a fire while Becky quickly fetched blankets and wrapped her, rubbing and hlding her bdy gently. “Dad, she is mving!” Becky gave an excited shut. Then she fed a few drps f warm milk in the calf’s muth and the tiny jaws mved slightly. Frm then n, the first thing Becky did after schl was ging t the stall and feeding her. Day by day, Tag 333 became a strng calf with huge brwn eyes, and a cat that shne like silk. “She’ll be the champin in the cmpetitin!” Becky thught.
Time flying by, the judging day finally arrived. Flags, musicians shuting children and bawling cattle added t the excitement at the cunty fair. The judge began checking each calf carefully, then questined its yung wner, wh tried hard t describe hw gd their calves lked like Becky’s turn came last. She recited all the numbers since Tag 333’s birth she had clearly memrized. Pinting t Tag 333, the judge annunced, Ladies and gentlemen, my chice fr first place is this ne!” Hlding the blue ribbn, Becky realized the experience f lve and care is beynd what numbers can cnvey.
解析：本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了贝基通过养小牛来锻炼自己的数学能力，她开始记录预计的费用，同时为蓝丝带比赛作准备。最后小牛在她的精心照顾下，获得了比赛的冠军，贝基也意识到爱和关怀的体验是数字无法表达的。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他们把小牛赶到牛棚里。”可知，第一段可描写贝基照顾小牛的经过以及小牛的成长情况。
②由第二段首句内容“时间飞逝，裁判的日子终于到了”可知，第二段可描写比赛的经过和结果以及贝基的感悟。
2.续写线索：小牛生病—照顾小牛—小牛健康成长—参加比赛—小牛获奖—贝基感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①记得：memrize/remember
②意识到：realize/be aware f
③表达：cnvey/express
情绪类
①激动：excited/thrilled
②爱：lve/affectin
[高分句型1] Hlding the blue ribbn, Becky realized the experience f lve and care is beynd what numbers can cnvey. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] The judge began checking each calf carefully, then questined its yung wner, wh tried hard t describe hw gd their calves lked like Becky’s turn came last. (运用了wh引导非限制性定语从句)
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