外研版新教材2025届高考英语一轮复习课时练Unit2Lessonsinlife选择性必修第四册含答案

这是一份外研版新教材2025届高考英语一轮复习课时练Unit2Lessonsinlife选择性必修第四册含答案，共14页。

Aasritha Duriseti recently nticed her grandmther’s difficulty pening a bttle cap.Frtunately,she fund a slutin in her eighth-grade engineering class at Carsn Middle Schl in Herndn,Virginia,whse assignment was t adapt existing prducts t make daily life easier fr peple with challenges.
Aasritha’s creativity kicked in as she researched existing bttle-pening devices.She used a piece f wd shaped like a cellphne and put three hles n it,each in different size and lined with a layer f dried,sticky ht glue,which prvided firm grips(防滑力) fr cmmn bttle caps.With a simple twisting(拧) mtin,her grandmther culd pen bttles withut assistance.
“Students in the class used mre than their math,physics and tl skills.They als learned t lk at prblems frm anther’s pint f view,” said Teacher Mark Blt.“Engineers need t put themselves in their prduct users’ shes t build effective slutins.”
Other students in the class als shwed sensitivity as they watched friends and family struggle with daily tasks.
Michael Kuwashima nticed hw dyslexia—a reading disrder that the brain tends t cnfuse the rder f numbers,letters and ther images—made it difficult fr a friend t fllw alng n pages full f text.Therefre,Michael created a small adjustable windw-blind-style device.“My friend culd islate(分离) small sectins f text while reading,” he said.
Arjan Garg fcused n a different prblem.Smetimes putting n clthes can be hard fr peple with a limited range f mtin.Arjan created a “dressing stick” using fur wd sticks f different sizes t fit different clthing.
The students tried different versins f their prducts alng the way t make the best ne t shw the class.
Rather than require step-by-step directins fr creating their prjects,Blt preferred t leave students’ creative paths pen.“If we want t d better,we have t have a chance t fail,” he said.
1.Why did Aasritha create a new bttle-pening device?
A.She hped t get a higher scre.
B.She was interested in engineering.
C.She had difficulty pening bttle caps.
D.She wanted t help her grandmther.
2.What did students learn frm the class?
A.Wrking with thers.
B.Cnducting field experiments.
C.Understanding thers’ feelings.
D.Cmmunicating with prduct users.
3.Hw did students finish their assignment?
A.With the aid f a guidebk.
B.Thrugh trial and errr.
C.With the help f classmates.
D.Under the detailed instructins.
4.What is the text mainly abut?
A.An inspiring class.
B.An excellent teacher.
C.Sme scientific methds.
D.Sme talented students.
B
Yu drink diet sda enjying the sweet taste withut the guilt f calries.But scientists have lng suspected a link between artificial sweeteners(甜味剂) and besity in humans.A new study suggests that artificial sweeteners may nt be as harmless as nce thught.They may nt nly disturb the micrbes(微生物) living in the bdies f humans,but sme may even increase the risk f weight gain.
Every human hsts a unique grup f micrbes.The number f cells that make up this vast cmmunity,called micrbime(微生物群),is extremely large in the human bdy.It nt nly helps digestin but als prtects against diseases.The disturbance t the micrbime ccurs because artificial sweeteners,althugh zer calries fr humans,serve as nutrients fr sme micrbes,which then increase rapidly.This causes an imbalance in micrbial ppulatins that can lead t diseases.
In the study,scientists first chse 1,375 vlunteers t see if they cnsumed artificial sweeteners in their daily lives.Then,they identified 120 vlunteers wh were nt previusly expsed t artificial sweeteners and gave them ne f the fur cmmnly used sweeteners—saccharin,sucralse,aspartame,and stevia fr tw weeks.After that,t test hw artificial sweeteners affect the bdy’s ability t cntrl the sudden increase f bld sugar after cnsuming sugar as part f meals,vlunteers were mnitred fr bld glucse(血糖)levels after a test glucse drink.
The study shwed that sucralse and saccharin pushed the bdy twards glucse intlerance,which,if sustained,can cause weight gain.Hwever,aspartame and stevia did nt affect glucse tlerance at the tested levels.“The study is the first t shw that the human micrbime respnds t artificial sweeteners.It’s als a cnvincing study t shw hw these sweeteners really are affecting the human bdy,” says Michael Gran,a prfessr at Children’s Hspital Ls Angeles.
“This study prvides evidence f bth shrt-term harmful effects and lng-term negative effects caused by artificial sweeteners,” David Katz,a nutritin specialist,says.“That des nt mean artificial sweeteners shuld be replaced with sugar.Rather,alternative appraches t reducing sugar intake shuld be cnsidered.”
5.What des the new study reveal?
A.Diet sda cntains mre calries than sugary drinks.
B.Exercise can help peple reduce the risk f diseases.
C.Artificial sweeteners have negative effects n humans.
D.Obesity is the mst cmmn health prblem amng adults.
6.Hw d sweeteners disturb the micrbime?
A.It prbably destrys the functin f digestin.
B.It usually causes a rapid lss f healthy cells.
C.It smetimes feeds harmful bacteria in the bdy.
D.It ften leads t a sharp grwth f certain micrbes.
7.Which aspect f the experiment is talked abut in paragraph 3?
A.Its results.
B.Its prcess.
C.Its backgrund.
D.Its subjects.
8.What des David Katz advise peple t d?
A.Intrduce a tax n sugary drinks.
B.Ban the use f artificial sweeteners.
C.Raise the prices f sugar-free drinks.
D.Find ther ways t limit sugar intake.
C
A number f recent studies f families in several Asian cuntries help t shed light n hw grandparents are invlved in cparenting,which researchers define as the sharing f childcare and upbringing respnsibility amng tw r mre adults.These studies suggest that children benefit when parents have strng relatinships with cparenting grandparents.
Researcher Li Xiawei and her cwrkers recently explred parent-grandparent cparenting in China,where it is very cmmn.In their 2019 study,nearly 180 mthers f preschlers cmpleted questinnaires(问卷调查) abut their cparenting.The majrity f families lived in three-generatinal husehlds,and 80% f families had nly ne child.
The questinnaire asked abut psitive aspects f the parent-grandparent cparenting relatinship,like hw much they agreed and felt clse as well as challenging aspects like hw much they had cnflict in frnt f the child.The researchers als measured hw cmpetent mthers felt in using parenting strategies and teaching their children age-apprpriate skills.
The findings?Mthers wh had strng cparenting relatinships with grandparents tended t feel mre effective in their rle as a parent,and,in turn,their children tended t be mre scially cmpetent.That’s because grandparents,with their rich experience,can prvide supprt,rle mdeling,and encuragement when they raise children,which culd influence hw cmpetent mthers feel in their parenting rle.And when mthers are feeling mre cnfident,they can apprach parenting with mre psitivity,which can bst their children’s scial develpment.
Parent-grandparent cparenting als seems t influence ther aspects f children’s develpment,such as preschlers’ effrtful cntrl—their ability t regulate hw they respnd t a situatin and ntice nvelty r mistakes.Fr preschlers,it might cme int play when they get a gift they dn’t like,r have t figure ut hw t share tys.
This research n grandparents highlights that handling the cparenting relatinship is nt withut its challenges.But grandparents’ invlvement in children’s upbringing can bring great benefits fr families and grandparents themselves.
9.What might be included in the questinnaire?
A.Grandparents’ age gap.
B.The supprt grandparents give.
C.The incme the family have.
D.Grandparents’ attitude t educatin.
10.What is the cnclusin f the study?
A.Parents and grandparents can get alng well.
B.Mthers’ ability has an effect n their children.
C.Gd cparenting relatinships benefit children.
D.Parent-grandparent cparenting is becming ppular.
11.What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 5 prbably refer t?
A.Effrtful cntrl.
B.The respnse.
C.The develpment.
D.The mistake.
12.What can be the best title fr the text?
A.The Trend f Cparenting Is Catching n in Asia
B.Hw Yung Parents Think f Grandparents’ Help
C.Cparenting Relatinships Are Becming Cmfrtable
D.What Happens When Grandparents Help Raise Children
Ⅱ.完形填空
Grwing up,I was frtunate t have dinner with my family almst every day.Smetimes,the family dinner circle 1 t include relatives stpping by.Yet,I knew sme friends whse parents gt hme after dinner r even 2 the entire evening.S I 3 the quality time arund ur kitchen table,which witnessed cuntless valuable 4 in my life.
5 ,my kids cannt relate t my childhd memries.They have been left t 6 with babysitters mre times than I wuld like t admit.My husband and I have 7 careers.And we ften end up staying at the ffice way past dinnertime.When this happens t ften,it 8 the balance f ur family.
Apart frm suffering frm 9 ,what else can a hardwrking family d?I think we can all try t 10 ur wn ways t spend time tgether.Surely there are days when I’m t busy t share a meal with my family.But I wuld make effrts t 11 and chat later that day, 12 setting aside cellphnes every time.And I even find a bedtime reading with my kids much 13 .I am als prud t have ur “big breakfast” rutine every Saturday.My husband serves as the head chef,and my yunger sn 14 him t make the breakfast.
I am aware that my sns are grwing up quickly and will be ut f the 15 smeday.But nw,I am happy t have s many wnderful things n my plate.
B.frmed
C.lessenedD.clsed
B.avided
C.enjyedD.recrded
B.treasured
C.limitedD.calculated
B.dishes
C.recipesD.mments
B.Otherwise
C.TherefreD.Besides
B.dine
C.studyD.play
B.flexible
C.satisfyingD.demanding
B.disturbs
C.imprvesD.strikes
B.anger
C.guiltD.hunger
B.create
C.evaluateD.accept
utB.calm dwn
C.hld nD.catch up
B.casually
C.cnsciuslyD.carelessly
B.shrter
C.simplerD.sweeter
B.guides
C.allwsD.rders
B.kitchen
C.huseD.park
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After being busy fr half a year,my parents decided t drive me t a scenic spt utside the city t have fun.Jyfully,we planned ur driving rute.
Then,n a December Saturday mrning,my dad started his car and we set ff with great expectatins.Befre lng,we left the nisy city and came t the muntains.There were few vehicles n the rad and the trees alngside were pretty.We felt s excited!
As a few hurs passed,we drve nt a narrw rad.And minutes later,we fund a river nt far away frm the rad.The beach was very wide,and we wanted t have a rest there fr a while.S my dad turned ur car and drve twards it.Sn,we were driving n the sandy beach.Mments later,ur car wheels were struggling in the increasingly sft sand.But my dad wanted t get clser t the river.
Befre he regretted it,ur car had gt stuck in the sand.My dad tried t turn arund r mve back,but the car didn’t mve.We were wrried,trapped in the middle f nwhere.Even wrse,it began raining and was cld.We gt ut f the car and tried t push it,but failed.After a cuple f minutes,we were tired and ur hair and cats were a little wet.But the car nly sank further int the sand.
Anxiusly,we walked t the rad,eager t stp a vehicle and let it help pull ur car ut f the sand.Our cats and hair were wetter and wetter.Befre the jurney,we hadn’t prepared umbrellas r carried any fd.Nw,we were hungry and cld,standing in the rain.After waiting fr a lng time,there wasn’t ne vehicle passing.
Just when we were helpless,we saw a farmhuse nt far away.“Can they help us?” I asked.My dad was
dubtful.Still,we reached there,and fund it was a big family.They seemed pr and unfriendly.My dad tld them ur prblem and begged them t help us pull ur car ut.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
T ur surprise,they ndded withut thinking.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My dad was s grateful that he handed sme mney t the family t thank them.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit2 Lessnsinlife
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在CarsnMiddleSchl八年级的机械工程课上,学生们不仅学会了通过对现有设备进行改造使周围人的生活更加便利,而且还学会了站在他人的角度思考问题,关心他人的需求。
1.D 推理判断题。由第一段内容可知,Aasritha要发明一种新的开瓶装置是因为她想帮助她的祖母。故选D项。
2.C 细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“Theyalslearnedtlkatprblemsfrmanther’spintfview”可知,该课程教会学生们理解他人的感受,故选C项。
3.B 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的“Ratherthanrequirestep-by-stepdirectinsfrcreatingtheirprjects,Bltpreferredtleavestudents’creativepathspen.”可知,学生是通过自主探索、试验来完成创造的,故选B项。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据全文内容,尤其是第一段内容和第三段中的“Studentsintheclassusedmrethantheirmath,physicsandtlskills.Theyalslearnedtlkatprblemsfrmanther’spintfview”可知,文章主要讲述CarsnMiddleSchl八年级的机械工程课帮助学生们创造了一些设备,同时教会学生从他人角度思考问题,因此文章主要讲述了一门有启发性的课。故选A项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工甜味剂并非像人们曾经以为的那样无害。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Anewstudysuggeststhatartificialsweetenersmayntbeasharmlessasncethught.”可知,之前人们认为喝无糖饮料无害健康,而这项新的研究表明,其中的人造甜味剂是有害健康的。故选C项。
6.D 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Thedisturbancetthemicrbimeccursbecauseartificialsweeteners,althughzercalriesfrhumans,serveasnutrientsfrsmemicrbes,whichthenincreaserapidly.”可知,甜味剂为某种微生物提供营养,使它数量猛增,影响菌群平衡。故选D项。
7.B 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Inthestudy,,,ttest...”可知,本段主要说了实验的过程。故选B项。
8.D 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Thatdesntmeanartificialsweetenersshuldbereplacedwithsugar.Rather,alternativeapprachestreducingsugarintakeshuldbecnsidered.”可知,David建议人们不要再喝有人工甜味剂的饮料,也不建议喝含糖饮料,而是应该思考别的减少糖分摄入的方法。故选D项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于“孩子的祖父母与孩子的父母共同抚养孩子”的现象的调查。调查发现:当孩子的父母与祖父母关系密切时,这种共同抚养关系会使孩子受益。
9.B 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Thequestinnaireaskedabutpsitiveaspectsftheparent-grandparentcparentingrelatinship,likehwmuchtheyagreedandfeltclseaswellaschallengingaspectslikehwmuchtheyhadcnflictinfrntfthechild.”可知,问卷调查涉及共同抚养关系中积极的方面,由此推断祖父母给予的支持属于积极的方面。
10.C 细节理解题。根据文章首段末句、第四段末句以及尾段末句可知,研究发现良好的共同抚养关系会让孩子受益。
11.A 词义猜测题。根据第五段画线词前句和所在句子可知,父母和祖父母的共同养育会影响孩子的努力控制能力,因此当孩子收到不喜欢的礼物或需要弄清楚如何分享玩具时,这种控制力可能就会发挥作用。所以代词it代指前句中的“努力控制能力”。
12.D 主旨大意题。文章在首段末句“Thesestudiessuggestthatchildrenbenefitwhenparentshavestrngrelatinshipswithcparentinggrandparents.”提出调查结果:在孩子的祖父母与父母关系良好的情况下,共同抚养对孩子是有益的;然后详细介绍了这项调查,最后在文章末尾再次重申这个观点,由此推断D选项“WhatHappensWhenGrandparentsHelpRaiseChildren”可以作为最佳标题。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话题展开,体现亲情的可贵。
1.A 根据下文“tincluderelativesstppingby”可知,家里的用餐规模会扩大,以容纳这些来访的亲戚。
2.A 根据空前“parentsgthmeafterdinnerreven...”可知,此处和上文形成转折关系,即父母会在晚饭时间之后回家,甚至是错过一整个晚上。
3.B 设空处上文提到“Iknewsmefriendswhseparentsgthmeafterdinnerreven theentireevening”,因此,作者十分珍惜餐桌旁的亲子时光。
4.D 根据空前的“qualitytime”可知,餐桌旁见证了“我”人生中无数珍贵的瞬间。
5.A 结合空前“kitchentable,whichwitnessedcuntlessvaluable inmylife”与下文“Theyhavebeenleftt withbabysitters”可知,作者小时候可以和父母共进晚餐,但是作者的孩子只能和保姆一起吃晚餐,因此形成转折关系。
6.B 全文围绕“一家人共进晚餐”这个话题展开,所以这里指“吃饭”。
7.D 设空前的内容是作者和丈夫无法陪孩子共进晚餐,空后内容是他们经常晚餐时间后才结束工作,由此推知,作者和丈夫有着要求很高的工作。
8.B 根据上文“Andweftenendupstayingatthefficewaypastdinnertime.Whenthishappenstften”可知,当父母总是无法陪孩子用餐时,就会打乱家中的平衡。
9.C 联系上文“Theyhavebeenleftt withbabysittersmretimesthanIwuldliketadmit.”可知,“我”因不能与孩子共进晚餐而感到愧疚。
10.B 根据下文“”和“‘bigbreakfast’ rutineeverySaturday”可知,作者是在创造自己的方式与孩子度过亲子时光。
11.D 根据空前“therearedayswhenI’mtbusytshareamealwithmyfamily”可知,有时候“我”无法和家人一起用餐,所以“我”会努力弥补失去的亲子时光。
12.C 根据空前“Iwuldmakeeffrtst andchatlater”可知,“我”会有意识地收起手机,避免外界的干扰。
13.D 根据上文“whenI’mtbusytshareamealwithmyfamily”可知,这让作者认为与孩子的睡前阅读时光更加甜蜜。
14.A 根据空前内容“Myhusbandservesastheheadchef”可知,作者的丈夫作为主厨,儿子辅助父亲完成早餐。
15.C 根据空前“Iamawarethatmysnsaregrwingupquickly”和下文“Iamhappythavesmanywnderfulthingsnmyplate.”可知,此处指儿子们会离开家。
Ⅲ. Tursurprise,,includingasixty-year-ldman,twtallsns,theirwivesandseveralcheerfulchildren,fllwedus.Whenreachingthebeach,smefuspushedthecarwhiletherspulleditutwithallstrength.Wetriedhard,butthecardidn’tmve.Justthen,myfathersawthatmanyfacesfthisfamilywerecveredwithsweat,buttheydidn’tleave.Finally,afterwetriedmanytimes,thecarwaspulledutfthesand.
Mydadwassgratefulthathehandedsmemneytthefamilytthankthem.Hwever,theyrefused.Instead,theyinvitedusthaveamealandfferedtdryurcats.Attheirinsistence,wereturnedttheirhmeagain,,andsnfeltwarm.Later,weenjyedtheirdeliciusmeal.Thatexperiencemademeknwthattherearemanyhelpfulpeplewhdn’texpectanythinginreturn.