中考英语阅读理解-写作目的课件

这是一份中考英语阅读理解-写作目的课件，共31页。PPT课件主要包含了题型分析，真题实例等内容，欢迎下载使用。
这类文章的写作目的有赖于对文章主题的把握，阅读时需要找准文章的主题句，或很好地对主题加以归纳。 提问方式 这类试题的题干中常有purpse, 或后面需接表示目的的动词不定式的intend t, meant t, (in rder) t等。如： (1)What is the purpse f writing this article? (2)The purpse f the passage is ________. (3)The writer writes this passage in rder t_____. (4)The writer’s purpse f writing this passage is t ________. (5)In writing the passage, the authr intends t __. (6)The article is intended/meant t________.
是根据文章的主旨和体裁来推断作者的写作目的。确定文章主旨的方法一般是在文章的首尾段或每段的首尾去找主题句；确定文体的方法是根据文章结构和作者在文中的措辞，如议论文的结构是：提出观点→进行论证→得出结论（提出解决问题的办法），阅读这类文章时要特别注意最后一部分，因为作者的意图和观点往往就隐含在其中。
该类试题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的的。阅读理解所选材料中，作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的内容客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。做这类题要求考生不但能够理解文章内容，而且具备分析和归纳总结的能力。
提问方式:考查整篇文章的写作目的What is the main purpse f the authr writing the text?The writer's purpse f writing this passage is t _______.Fr what purpse is the text written?考查某处细节的写作意图The writer uses the example f... t shw that ______.The writer uses the tw questins at the beginningf the passage t mentined in the first paragraph t _______.
根据文体类别推断写作目的。不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的，但写作目的通常有以下三种；t entertain readers(娱乐读者，让人发笑),常见于故事类的文章；t persuade readers(说服读者接受某种观点），常见于广告类或议论类的文章; t infrm readers（告知读者某些信息）, 多见于科普类，新闻报道类，文化类或社会类的文章。
Three types f purpses(PIE)三种不同的写作目的Entertain(使读者愉悦、发笑）：常见于个人经历或故事类的文章。Infrm(告知读者某些信息）：多见于新闻报导类、科普类、文化类或社会类的文章，以及劝告性或建议性的文章。Persuade（说服读者接受某种观点）：常见于广告或议论文。广告是作者要推销一种产品或一种服务：吸引更多的游客、读者或订户、观众等；议论文是为了睡服读者接受或赞同某一观点。
Hw t determine the authr’s purpse?怎样判断作者的写作目的1）Read the title看标题2）Lk at the pictures看文中插图。3）Lk fr clues within the text在文本中找寻表达作者观点的线索。
Lk fr:寻找1)Characters,Prblems/Slutins—Entertain人物，问题/解决—使读者愉悦、发笑2)Facts,Infrmatin—Infrm事实，信息—告知读者某些信息3)An pinin,Reasns—Persuade观点，理由—说服读者接受某种观点
　最后，在备考和应考阶段应当注意的几个问题：　　①要尽力扩大词汇量，提高阅读速度。　　②要注意培养语意和词义推测能力，把握好长句和难句。　　③尽量选取不同体裁和内容的文章，熟悉各自不同的侧重点，通过文章线索来分析和判断作者的意图和所表达的观点。　　④尽量了解和掌握英语国家的风俗习惯、风土人情，必须按照英语语言的表达方式来理解文章，排除我们自己语言习惯的干扰。
The Ultra Irnman Triathln Race (超长铁人三项比赛) is cnsidered ne f the mst challenging sprting events in the wrld. Cmpetitrs swim, ride a bike, and run. The race is made up f a 3. 86-kilmeter swim, a 180. 25-kilmeter bicycle ride, and a 42. 2-kilmeter run. There are n breaks during the race, s cmpetitrs must keep ging n matter what. Peple wh chse t enter this race must be healthy and prepared in bth mind and bdy. There are several rules fr thse wh want t cmpete in the Ultra Irnman Triathln Race. The minimum age f racers is 18, s everyne wh cmpetes is an adult. Training fr the Irnman can take mre than a year. Peple wh train ften start practicing the events at shrter distances first and then increase the amunt f length and time they swim, bike, and run. Training can be difficult because peple need t find a balance f strength and endurance (忍耐力) training. Withut enugh training, peple can get harmed. Sme peple even put n weight when training because their bdies stre calries (卡路里) instead f using them fr energy. All peple in training shuld drink plenty f water.
In the past 40 years, the Irnman has develped frm a single race int a glbal (全球的) mvement. Tday’s Irnman races have events f different distances and racers f different ages. Since 2008, Weihai has held the Irnman Triathln Race nce a year. Weihai Triathln Sprts Assciatin (威海铁人三项运动协会) was funded in2011. The 2014 Wrld Triathln Champinships (世界铁人三项锦标赛) was held in Weihai, which was the first time that the event was held in an Asian city.Lk at the pretty WeiWei, the masct (吉祥物) f Weihai Irnman Triathln Race. Exercise is gd fr peple’s health and helps the heart. Peple take part in ther sprts and games such as glf r ftball, but the Irnman is a challenging way t stay fit. Even thugh it is hard, it can still be fun. It’s a great way t stay active and enjy life!
1. Irnman Kace includes ________.A. swimming, glf and cyclingB. swimming, cycling and runningC. swimming, ftball and running2. Peple taking part in the Ultra Irnman Triathln Race must be ________ 18 years ld.A. less thanB. at leastC. at mst3. In the Ultra Irnman Triathln Race, yu will easily ________ if yu are nt well-trained.A. be hurtB. keep energyC. lse weight4. The Wrld Triathln Champinships first came t China in ________.A. 2008B. 2011C. 20145. Which f the fllwing is TRUE?A. Irnman Race is difficult and bring.B. Irnman racers can have a break during the race.C. Irnman Race has develped and changed a lt.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了超长铁人三项比赛的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Cmpetitrs swim, ride a bike, and run”可知，包括游泳，骑自行车和跑步，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“The minimum age f racers is 18, s everyne wh cmpetes is an adult”可知，年轻必须是至少18岁，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Withut enugh training, peple can get harmed”可知，没有足够的训练，人们可能会受伤，故选A。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据“The 2014 Wrld Triathln Champinships (世界铁人三项锦标赛) was held in Weihai, which was the first time that the event was held in an Asian city”可知，2014年首次在中国举办，故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据“In the past 40 years, the Irnman has develped frm a single race int a glbal (全球的) mvement”可知，铁人三项比赛已经发展和改变了很多，C表述正确，故选C。
Margaret Ann Bulkley was brn arund 1789, in Ireland. She had big dreams. “I want t be a dctr!” But tw hundred years ag a girl culdn’t becme a dctr. Her uncle, James Barry, was a great painter. And his friend General Miranda had a library with mre than 6,000 bks. Margaret lved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him. Years later, her uncle James Barry died, leaving her sme mney. It was enugh t study t be a dctr. “But a girl can’t becme a dctr,” said Margaret sadly. “Yes, yu can!” said General Miranda. “All yu have t d is t disguise as a by.” Margaret really wanted t be a dctr. S she cut ff her lng hair, practiced speaking in a deep vice, and put n by’s clthes. She als named herself James Barry.
Frm then n, Margaret Ann Bulkley disappeared. She became James Barry and entered Edinburgh University. He tk 13 subjects and wrked all thrugh the summer when the ther students went n hliday. Barry graduated in 1812 and decided t jin the British Army. In his life, Dr. James Barry travelled all ver the wrld, helping t save many lives. Befre retirement, Barry had risen t the secnd-highest medical fficer in the British Army. Barry imprved the cnditins fr nt nly wunded sldiers but als the lcal peple, and perfrmed the first recrded successful caesarean sectin（剖宫产）in Africa. The secret Dr. James Barry kept fr ver fifty years was nly knwn after his death in 1865.
4. Wh played the mst imprtant rle in Margaret’s becming a dctr?A. General Miranda.B. Her uncle James Barry.C. A sldier in the British Army.D. A prfessr frm Edinburgh University.5. What des the underlined wrd disguise in paragraph 3 mean?A. Change ne’s clthes.B. Dress like a dctr.C. Change ne’s appearance.D. Dress like a gentleman.6. Which was Dr. James Barry’s achievement in his jb?A. Becming the highest fficer in the British Army.B. Graduating frm the mst famus medical university.C. Imprving medical cnditins fr the wunded sldiers.D. Ding the wrld’s first recrded caesarean sectin successfully.7. What was the secret Dr. James Barry kept fr ver fifty years?A. James Barry left much mney.B. Dr. James Barry was a wman.C. Margaret died in her twenties.D. General Miranda helped Margaret a lt.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了Margaret Ann Bulkley为了实现自己成为医生的梦想，把自己装扮成一位男性从医的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据“And his friend General Miranda had a library with mre than 6,000 bks. Margaret lved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him”及“‘Yes, yu can!’ said General Miranda. ‘All yu have t d is t disguise as a by.’ ”可知，是叔叔的朋友General Miranda鼓励她去实现自己的梦想，故选A。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据“S she cut ff her lng hair, practiced speaking in a deep vice, and put n by’s clthes”可知，为了成为一名医生，把自己的头发剪短，装扮成一个男孩，所以disguise与Change ne’s appearance同义，故选C。
【6题详解】细节理解题。根据“Barry imprved the cnditins fr nt nly wunded sldiers but als the lcal peple”可知，改善了伤兵的生活条件是他所取得的成就之一，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据“Margaret really wanted t be a dctr. S she cut ff her lng hair, practiced speaking in a deep vice, and put n by’s clthes. She als named herself James Barry”可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生是她一直保守的秘密，故选B。
What d three hearts, eight arms and ne huge brain add up t? An ctpus, a creature that can d amazing things. Octpuses are very clever. As they dn’t have teeth r sharp claws t defend themselves, they have ever learnt a few tricks t get ut f dangerus situatins. D yu knw hw they d that? They ften hide themselves in the sand n the bttm f the cean flr. Sme ctpuses like t stay in mre shallw water where there are rcks. Because ctpuses have very sft bdies, they can hide themselves int small spaces between the rcks t get rid f enemies. The ctpus is like a chamelen because it can change the clr f its skin t match the sand. This clr change happens in less than a minute.
Anther way an ctpus can prtect itself is by shting ink. It can sht ink int the water. The ink frms a clud t blind its enemies. It's like a magician ding a disappearing act. If an ctpus is being attacked, it can make itself lk like a sea snake. It will bury itself in the sand except tw arms. It will change the clr f thse arms t match a sea snake. But what if there’s n time t escape? It can break ff ne f its arms. The arm will then change clrs and mve arund the water. As the enemy starts chasing after the arm, the ctpus can swim away quickly. Dn’t wrry, thugh. The ctpus’ arm will grw back sn.
8. Hw many tricks are mentined in the text?A. 3.B. 4.C. 5.D. 6.9. Why is an ctpus like a chamelen?A. It has three hearts.B. It has eight arms.C. It can make itself lk like a snake.D. It can change the clr f its skin.10. What des an ctpus d in time f great danger?A. Run after its enemy.B. Break ff ne arm.C. Fight with sharp teeth.D. Mve arund the water.11. What is the best title fr this text?A. Adventures in waterB. Magician f the seaC. Sft bdies between rcksD. Enemy behind the clud
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了章鱼的相关信息，包括了它的外观，逃生的技能等。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据“They ften hide themselves in the sand n the bttm f the cean flr”“The ctpus is like a chamelen because it can change the clr f its skin t match the sand”“Anther way an ctpus can prtect itself is by shting ink”“If an ctpus is being attacked, it can make itself lk like a sea snake”及“It can break ff ne f its arms”可知，文中一共提到了5种技巧，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据“The ctpus is like a chamelen because it can change the clr f its skin t match the sand”可知，因为它可以改变皮肤的颜色来匹配沙子，故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据“But what if there’s n time t escape? It can break ff ne f its arms”可知，它可以折断一只手臂，故选B。【11题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了章鱼的几种逃生技能，就像“海洋魔术师”一样，故选B。
Five yung girl students at Shanghai Theatre Academy have becme famus nline by singing pp sngs t the tunes (曲调) f Beijing Opera.Li Wei, a yung man, likes t watch the students’ vides. He said, “Thanks t them, I have gt a better understanding f my parents’ deep lve fr Beijing Opera.”The students, mainly rmmates frm Rm 416 at the academy, are knwn n the Internet as the “416 girls”. They have put their singing n shrt-vide platfrms (平台) since 2019.Over the past three years, the students have gradually wn a large number f fans. In ne f their vides, which has been watched mre than 50 millin times and received 2.5 millin “likes”, they sing the pp sng Tan Chuang t a Beijing Opera tune.
Yung peple such as the “416 girls” have increased audience (观众) numbers fr Beijing Opera which has a histry f mre than 200 years.Gu Jing, 27, a primary schl teacher, has abut 2.5 millin fllwers n the Duyin shrt-vide platfrm. In her vides, she perfrms ancient sngs while dancing t Beijing Opera mvements, r discusses interesting stries abut the art frm. “I want t be ne f the best art vlggers, and I see it as m y task t shrten the distance between art and life,” Gu said.Pan Yan, a leader f the China Perfrmance Industry Assciatin, said, “Beijing Opera has a special charm (魅力) that peple can sense withut having t understand it. Audience experience the art frm’s beauty by watching shrt vides, and they als spread news and knwledge abut Beijing Opera after watching vides.”
4. What d Li Wei’s wrds mean?A. He used t lve Beijing Opera as a child.B. His parents enjy Beijing Opera very much.C. He did nt understand the “416 girls” at first.D. His parents dn’t like t watch the students’ vides.5. Why is the grup f the five girls called “416 girls”?A. Their first vide received 416 “likes”.B. They had nly 416 fans at first.C. They started their vides n April 16.D. Mst f them live in Rm 416.6. What d the “416 girls” and Gu Jing have in cmmn?A. They get mre peple t enjy Beijing Opera.B. They try t learn the histry f Beijing Opera.C. They have gt 2.5 millin fllwers n Duyin.D. They’re gd at making up Beijing Opera stries.7. What can we learn frm what Pan Yan said in the last paragraph?A. It is hard t sense the special charm f ther peras.B. Audience need t understand Beijing Opera cmpletely.C. Shrt vides help spread news and knwledge f Beijing Opera.D. Shrt vides are the best way t enjy the beauty f Beijing Opera.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍上海戏剧学院的五名年轻女学生因用京剧曲调唱流行歌曲而成为网红的事。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Thanks t them, I have gt a better understanding f my parents’ deep lve fr Beijing Opera.”可知，多亏了它们，我更了解了父母对京剧的热爱，由此推知他的父母非常喜欢京剧，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据“The students, mainly rmmates frm Rm 416 at the academy, are knwn n the Internet as the ‘416 girls’.”可知，这些学生主要是学院416房间的室友，在网上被称为“416女生”。故选D。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据“Yung peple such as the ‘416 girls’ have increased audience (观众) numbers fr Beijing Opera”和“In her vides, she perfrms ancient sngs while dancing t Beijing Opera mvements, r discusses interesting stries abut the art frm.”可知，她们的共同特点是让更多的人欣赏京剧。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据“Beijing Opera has a special charm (魅力) that peple can sense withut having t understand it. Audience experience the art frm’s beauty by watching shrt vides, and they als spread news and knwledge abut Beijing Opera after watching vides.”可知，京剧有一种特殊的魅力，人们不需要理解它就能感觉到；观众通过观看短视频来体验这种艺术形式的美，他们也通过观看视频来传播有关京剧的新闻和知识。由此可知，短视频有助于传播有关京剧的新闻和知识，故选C。