2024年上海市16区中考二模英语分类汇编 专题10 完形填空（解析版）

这是一份2024年上海市16区中考二模英语分类汇编 专题10 完形填空（解析版），共30页。试卷主要包含了完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
选 题 目 录
2024·上海杨浦·二模 2024·上海奉贤·二模
2024·上海浦东·二模 2024·上海青浦·二模
2024·上海黄浦·二模 2024·上海闵行·二模
2024·上海普陀·二模 2024·上海金山·二模
2024·上海徐汇·二模 2024·上海静安·二模
2024·上海松江·二模 2024·上海长宁·二模
2024·上海嘉定·二模 2024·上海崇明·二模
2024·上海虹口·二模 2024·上海宝山·二模
一、完形填空
（2024·上海杨浦·二模）Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Yu Yi: Learning t be a teacher all my life
__________________________________________
Yu Yi is an amazing teacher wh made a big difference in elementary educatin. She was brn in 1929. When she was just 15 years ld, her father passed away. But her mther encuraged her t becme a teacher and t always be hardwrking and kind.
After graduating frm Fudan University’s Department f Educatin in 1951, Yu Yi started her teaching career. She gave her whle life t her students, always putting their needs first.
Yu believed that being a 1 fr her students was f great imprtance. She wanted t encurage them and supprt them.
One f Yu’s teaching 2 became very famus all ver China. In 1977, she taught a pem called The Sng f the Strmy Petrel n live televisin. Peple were s excited t see her teaching n TV because it was unique (独特的) and interesting. It was like nthing they had ever seen befre!
Fr Yu Yi, teaching the Chinese language wasn’t just abut learning grammar and vcabulary. She believed there must be smething mre 3 than that. She wanted her students t becme real peple and t think critically (批判性地). Her ideas were s gd that they were 4 in the curriculum standards (课程标准) fr all students.
Yu respected every student and tried her best t cnnect with them thrugh her teaching. She was always lking fr ways t imprve herself. Even after teaching fr ver 60 years, she still felt there was rm t grw and learn. Yu 5 taught the same thing t different classes with the same teaching plan. Every time, she added smething new and exciting. In 2019, Yu was hnured “Peple’s Educatr” in China. This title shwed hw much she had affected the lives f her students and the educatin system.
Yu Yi is truly an inspiratin t bth teachers and students. Her lve fr teaching, giving ut t her students, and cntinuus 6 t imprve herself make her a shining example f what a great teacher shuld be.
1．A．teacherB．leaderC．educatrD．mdel
2．A．methdsB．mmentsC．skillsD．slutins
3．A．pssibleB．famusC．imprtantD．interesting
4．A．includedB．printedC．welcmedD．spread
5．A．stillB．alreadyC．ttallyD．never
6．A．wishB．desireC．practiceD．pleasure
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Yu Yi一生都在学习当老师的故事。
1．句意：俞认为成为一名为了她的学生的老师是非常重要的。
teacher老师；leader领导者；educatr教育者；mdel模型。根据“Yu believed that being a…fr her students was f great imprtance.”和后文“She wanted t encurage them and supprt them.”可知，此处应该指成为老师。故选A。
2．句意：俞的一个教学片段在中国非常有名。
methds方法；mments时刻；skills技能；slutins解决方法。根据后文“In 1977, she taught a pem called The Sng f the Strmy Petrel n live televisin.”可知，此处应该指的一个教学片段。故选B。
3．句意：她相信一定有比这更重要的事情。
pssible可能的；famus出名的；imprtant重要的；interesting有趣的。根据“ She wanted her students t becme real peple and t think critically”可知有比这更重要的事情。故选C。
4．句意：她的想法非常好，被纳入了所有学生的课程标准。
included包括；printed印刷；welcmed欢迎；spread传播。根据“Her ideas were s gd that they were…in the curriculum standards (课程标准) fr all students.”可知她的想法被纳入课程标准。故选A。
5．句意：俞从来没有用同样的教案给不同的班级教过同样的东西。
still仍然；already已经；ttally完全；never从不。根据后文“Every time, she added smething new and exciting.”可知，此处应该表达从来没有用同样的教案给不同的班级教过同样的东西。故选D。
6．句意：她对教学的热爱，对学生的付出，以及不断提升自己的渴望，使她成为一名优秀教师的光辉榜样。
wish希望；desire渴望；practice练习；pleasure快乐，开心。根据前文“Yu Yi is truly an inspiratin t bth teachers and students.”可知，她有不断提升自己的渴望。故选B。
（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
D yu have any indr plants in yur rm? Indr plants might lk as if they just sit arund nt ding much, but in many ways, they are the 7 heres f the hme. Nt nly d they lk beautiful, but studies have shwn that they can give peple a sense f wellbeing (安适).What’s mre, indr plants are easy t lk after and are nt very expensive.
Indr plants als knwn as huseplants r pt plants, are plants that like t grw indrs. Many f them are nt ideally fit fr grwing utside, especially in winter. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is 8 .
Several studies have backed this up and fund that indr plants can really lift yur md. Will Spelstra, a British btanist (植物学家), tells us, “There are many 9 f grwing plants indrs. I find that during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can imprve creativity and memry.” There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by taking in harmful gases. “Plants can 10 sme harmful chemicals after the huse is newly painted. Peace lilies and ivy are amng the best,” says Will.
Mst indr plants are easy t grw. Yu can buy them frm supermarkets, garden centers r nline. Yunger plants are ften cheaper than grwn nes, but yu get t care fr them as they grw. Will suggests peple read the instructin n the label r find ut mre abut the plants befre 11 . The prcess is part f the jy f planting. It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t bridge the gap between hme and 12 . It can prvide a sense f relaxatin, allwing peple t escape frm the tiredness f daily life.
7．A．silentB．nisyC．blindD．serius
8．A．sfterB．warmerC．clderD．smaller
9．A．skillsB．habitsC．stepsD．advantages
10．A．remveB．spreadC．cverD．develp
11．A．making a livingB．making a decisin
C．making an effrtD．making a mistake
12．A．grundB．spaceC．scietyD．nature
【答案】7．A 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是室内植物以及室内植物带来的好处。
7．句意：室内植物看起来好像只是待在那里，没什么作用，但在许多方面，它们是家中沉默的英雄。
silent沉默的；nisy吵闹的；blind失明的；serius严肃的。主语they指代的是上文提到的Indr plants“室内植物”，结合选项，只有silent适合修饰植物。故选A。
8．句意：相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好。
sfter更柔软的；warmer更温暖的；clder更寒冷的；smaller更小的。根据“Many f them are nt ideally fit fr grwing utside, especially in winter. Instead, they grw better inside”可知，此处是室内和室外的比较，室内相对室外更温暖。故选B。
9．句意：在室内种植植物有很多好处。
skills技能；habits习惯；steps步骤；advantages优点。根据下文“I find that during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can imprve creativity and memry.”可知，室内的植物可以帮助人们提高创造力和记忆力，这是在室内种植植物的好处，故选D。
10．句意：房子新粉刷后，植物可以除去一些有害化学物质。
remve除去；spread传播；cver覆盖；develp发展。根据上文“There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by taking in harmful gases.”可知，盆栽可以吸收有害气体，所以此处表示植物可以除去一些有害化学物质。故选A。
11．句意：威尔建议人们在做出决定之前阅读标签上的说明或了解更多关于植物的信息。
making a living谋生；making a decisin做决定；making an effrt努力；making a mistake犯错误。结合选项和“read the instructin n the label r find ut mre abut the plants”可知，此处表示在做出决定之前阅读标签上的说明或了解更多关于植物的信息。故选B。
12．句意：它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和关注点，并有助于弥合家居与自然之间的差距。
grund地面；space空间；sciety社会；nature自然。本文主要讲述的是室内植物，它和自然有关，所以此处表示有助于弥合家居与自然之间的差距。故选D。
（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Ging shpping with yur parents can be great fun. In the UK we buy mre clthes than any ther cuntry in Eurpe. What peple might nt realise is that the fashin industry, and particularly “fast fashin”, is 13 t the planet.
Fast fashin refers t cheap clthes that are quickly prduced by large cmpanies t 14 the latest styles. Styles change all the time and lts f peple like t buy clthes that are in fashin right nw. The aim f fast fashin is t get these new styles int shps as fast as pssible, s custmers can buy them.
The fashin industry is 15 fr between 8 and 10% f the greenhuse gas emissins (排放). Making clthes als requires lts f water. Cttn cmes frm plants that need t be watered frequently t make them grw, and turning raw cttn int clthes needs even mre water. The clthes then have t be shipped t the cuntries where they’re ging t be sld, which prduces even mre pllutin. Fast fashin items aren’t made t last frever because they ften g ut f style quite 16 . Sme peple thrw their clthes away when they dn’t want them anymre.
Cmpanies ften emply peple in ther cuntries t make their clthes, and sme dn’t pay their wrkers very much. Peple then have t wrk 17 hurs t earn enugh mney t live n. Sme cuntries have fewer rules than the UK, which means that factries aren’t always well lked after and checked fr safety. That culd mean wrkers having t make clthes in dangerus r unhealthy 18 .
Lts f peple are wrking fr change. Yu culd als raise awareness f the prblem amng yur family and friends r ask a teacher t help yu spread the wrd at yur schl.
13．A．unfairB．benefitC．harmfulD．familiar
14．A．checkB．fllwC．fightD．cmpare
15．A．gdB．readyC．famusD．respnsible
16．A．simplyB．quicklyC．graduallyD．accidentally
17．A．lngerB．happierC．earlierD．busier
18．A．dietsB．habitsC．cnditinsD．relatinships
【答案】13．C 14．B 15．D 16．B 17．A 18．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了快时尚行业对环境产生了负面影响。
13．句意：人们可能没有意识到的是，时尚行业，尤其是“快时尚”对地球有害。
unfair不公正的；benefit利益；harmful有害的；familiar熟悉的。根据下文“The clthes then have t be shipped t the cuntries where they’re ging t be sld, which prduces even mre pllutin.”可知，时尚行业对地球是“有害的”。故选C。
14．句意：快时尚指的是大公司为紧跟最新款式而迅速生产的廉价服装。
check检查；fllw跟随；fight战斗；cmpare比较。根据空格后面“the latest styles”可知，快时尚是“紧跟”最新款式的。故选B。
15．句意：时尚行业应承担8%至10%的温室气体排放责任。
gd好的；ready准备好的；famus著名的；respnsible负责的。根据空格后面“the greenhuse gas emissins”可知，时尚行业对此应承担相应的“责任”。be respnsible fr对……负责，固定搭配。故选D。
16．句意：快时尚的商品并不是永恒的，因为它们往往很快就会过时。
simply仅仅；quickly快速地；gradually逐渐地；accidentally偶然地。根据“Fast fashin items aren’t made t last frever because they ften g ut f style quite …”可知，快时尚的商品会“快速”过时。故选B。
17．句意：然后人们不得不工作更长的时间来赚取足够的钱来维持生活。
lnger更长的；happier更开心的；earlier更早的；busier更忙碌的。根据“Cmpanies ften emply peple in ther cuntries t make their clthes, and sme dn’t pay their wrkers very much.”可知，人们不得不用“更长的”工作时间来换取报酬。故选A。
18．句意：这可能意味着工人必须在危险或不健康的条件下制作衣服。
diets饮食；habits习惯；cnditins环境；relatinships关系。根据“Sme cuntries have fewer rules than the UK, which means that factries aren’t always well lked after and checked fr safety.”可知，工人们没有很安全的“环境”。故选C。
（2024·上海普陀·二模）Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
Wendy Haley wrks with ther scientists t study hw bats use their echlcatin (回声定位) superpwer. Their take place in a special rm called the Bat Lab. Jenny Lee, an editr f schl newspaper is trying t find ut mre abut Wendy’s jb.
(J=Jenny Lee, W=Wendy Haley)
J: Can yu the Bat Lab?
W: Well, it’s sme rms cvered with fams (海绵), s bats wn’t get the strng eches frm hard walls. And then there are sme micrphnes spread ut arund the rm. They are all fixed t the wall t pick up the call frm the bats. We als have high-speed cameras. They allw us t recrd their flight. We usually let the lights , s the cameras can fllw the bats by the heat energy. But we can’t see very well.
J: Are there bstacles (障碍物) in the rm s that the bats have t fly arund?
W: Oh, yes. We smetimes hang up sme wden bards in the rms. We als set up a platfrm and train the bats t fly frm ne side f the rm t the platfrm fr the fd . The bats really like fruits. Smetimes we tie bananas t the end f a fishing line. The bats will cme thrugh and just take the bananas.
J: Can yu explain hw bats echlcate in the cnditins?
W: Suppse yu are standing in a grup f peple in a party, and everyne is chatting. Yu are trying t talk t ne persn and fcus n what yu yurself are saying. Then yu speak luder and repeat yurself t make sure smene has heard yu. This is an effect that we see in bats as well.
J: What advice d yu have fr smene wh wants t d the same thing?
W: If yu’re interested in the research, yu can find ways t get invlved. , vlunteering with a lcal rganizatin is a gd way t get started.
…
19．A．experimentsB．reviewsC．eventsD．arguments
20．A．affectB．affrdC．decrateD．describe
21．A．lse cntrlB．g utC．make a niseD．break dwn
22．A．adviceB．prcessC．chainD．reward
23．A．darkB．unfrgettableC．nisyD．wnderful
24．A．Fr exampleB．Even wrseC．In factD．What’s mre
【答案】19．A 20．D 21．B 22．D 23．C 24．A
【导语】本文是Jenny 和Wendy的对话。对话的主要内容是：两人在谈论研究蝙蝠的回声定位能力的这个实验。
19．句意：他们的实验在一个叫做蝙蝠实验室的特殊房间里进行。
experiments实验；reviews评论；events事件；arguments争论。根据上文“Wendy Haley wrks with ther scientists t study...”可知，温迪和其他科学家一起做实验来研究蝙蝠的回声定位能力。故选A。
20．句意：你能描述这个蝙蝠实验室吗？
affect影响；affrd付得起；decrate装饰；describe描述。根据下文“Well, it’s sme rms cvered with fams...” 可知，答语是在具体描述这个蝙蝠实验室。故选D。
21．句意：我们通常把灯关掉，这样摄像机就可以利用热能跟踪蝙蝠。
lse cntrl失控；g ut熄灭；make a nise制造噪音；break dwn分解。根据下文“s the cameras can fllw the bats by the heat energy. But we can’t see very well.”可知，为了让摄像机跟踪蝙蝠，经常会把灯关掉。故选B。
22．句意：我们还搭建了一个平台，训练蝙蝠从房间的一边飞到平台上，以获得食物奖励。
advice建议；prcess程序；chain链条；reward奖励。根据下文“ The bats really like fruits. Smetimes we tie bananas t the end f a fishing line. The bats will cme thrugh and just take the bananas.”可知，用食物作为奖励来吸引蝙蝠。故选D。
23．句意：你能解释一下蝙蝠是如何在嘈杂的环境中进行回声定位的吗？
dark黑暗的；unfrgettable难忘的；nisy吵闹的；wnderful极好的。根据答语“Suppse yu are standing in a grup f is an effect that we see in bats as well.”可知，人处在嘈杂的环境中，要大声说话才能让对方听到，那么蝙蝠也是在这种环境中进行回声定位的。故选C。
24．句意：举个例子，在当地组织做志愿者是一个很好的开始。
Fr example举个例子；Even wrse更糟糕；In fact事实上；What’s mre而且。根据上文“If yu’re interested in the research, yu can find ways t get invlved.”可知，如果对某件事感兴趣，就会找到办法去参与，那么当志愿者也是参与的一个方式，这是作者在举例子说明。故选A。
（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Genius kids r Whizz kids will ften have in-depth knwledge in ne area f interest. Every parent wants t believe their child is special, and they are! Hw can yu tell if yur little ne is mre than just 25 ? “Gifted” can be described as “thse wh shw utstanding levels in ne r mre areas”. The fllwing are sme signs.
● Racing thrugh milestnes
One f the first signs that yu may be raising a genius appears very early in a child’s life. A dctr says, “Language skills may be greatly abve age level. Many gifted children ften 26 a large vcabulary and speak in lng sentences at an early age,” she says.
● They lve t read
Genius kids ften learn t read quickly and earlier than ther children the same age and enjy reading fr meaning and 27 . If yur child has wrked their way thrugh sme reading list, they may well be genius material!
● Curisity (好奇心) abut the wrld
Smart kids are interested in the wrld arund them, but real geniuses have a great curisity t find ut abut the very de tail f hw things wrk. Gifted children might have an unending stream f questins fr their parents t answer 28 .
● 29 knwledge abut their favurite tpic
Genius kids can tell yu the scientific name f every dinsaur r explain the wrking system f a car engine. As Science Daily explains, “A whizz-kid is smene wh, by the age f abut 11, shws understanding in a field like adults.”
● Leadership skills
Many genius kids will becme leaders f industry. A dctr says that gifted children can take charge t find the mst effective slutin. They always lk fr ways t imprve their perfrmance. This is a gd quality f leaders. They usually can lead a team 30 they have mre cnfidence in their sense f directin and experience in taking charge.
25．A．smartB．strngC．healthyD．pretty
26．A．nticeB．appreciateC．develpD．invent
27．A．examinatinB．pleasureC．recrdD．hnr
28．A．plitelyB．ludlyC．patientlyD．kindly
29．A．LimitedB．DetailedC．BasicD．Traditinal
30．A．unlessB．butC．thughD．as
【答案】25．A 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍天才儿童的一些特点。
25．句意：你怎么知道你的孩子不仅仅是聪明呢？
smart聪明的；strng强壮的；healthy健康的；pretty漂亮的。根据“Genius kids r Whizz kids”和“Hw can yu tell if yur little ne is mre than ”可知，谈论天才儿童，所以是聪明的，故选A。
26．句意：天才儿童往往在很小的时候就扩充了大量的词汇，能说长句子。
ntice注意；appreciate欣赏；develp发展，扩充；invent发明。根据“Many gifted children large vcabulary”可知，天才儿童往往在很小的时候就扩充了大量的词汇，故选C。
27．句意：天才儿童通常比其他同龄的孩子更快更早地学会阅读，并且从阅读中获得意义和乐趣。
examinatin考试；pleasure乐趣；recrd记录；hnr荣耀。根据“enjy reading fr meaning and...”可知，从阅读中获得意义和乐趣，故选B。
28．句意：天才儿童可能有没完没了的问题需要父母耐心回答。
plitely礼貌地；ludly大声地；patiently耐心地；kindly善良地。根据“Gifted children might have an unending stream f questins”可知，天才儿童可能有没完没了的问题，所以父母要耐心回答，故选C。
29．句意：关于他们最喜欢的话题的详尽的知识
Limited有限的；Detailed细节的；Basic基本的；Traditinal传统的。根据“Genius kids can tell yu the scientific name f every dinsaur r explain the wrking system f a car engine.”可知，天才孩子可以告诉你每一种恐龙的学名，或者解释汽车引擎的工作系统，所以天才儿童了解喜欢的话题的详尽的知识，故选B。
30．句意：他们通常可以领导一个团队，因为他们对自己的方向感和管理经验更有信心。
unless除非；but但是；thugh虽然；as因为。“they have mre cnfidence in their sense f directin and experience in taking charge”是“They usually can lead a team”的原因，用as引导原因状语从句，故选D。
（2024·上海松江·二模）选择最恰当的单词完成短文。
On 4 June 1913, a wman called Emily Davisn① went t a hrse race, threw herself under the king’s hrse and later died frm her injuries. A 31 which said “Vtes fr wmen” was fund in her pcket. All her life, Emily had been fighting fr wmen’s rights. She was a suffragette, part f a grup f wmen wh started wrking tgether in 1903 t 32 equal rights fr wmen. When Emily was yung, she and all the ther wmen in the UK were nt allwed t vte, g t university r wrk in the same jbs as men. In the event f a divrce②, the husband tk the children. In pr villages, wives were 33 sld in the market.
The suffragettes wanted t 34 all this. Mre than a thusand were arrested③, but they did nt stp. They went n hunger strike in prisn t fight against the unfair treatment. In 1928, wmen in the UK finally gt the right t vte and then mre and mre wmen started t g t university and get jbs. In 1952, female teachers were given the right t earn the same mney as male teachers. The situatin has been 35 since the suffragettes’ time but many peple say that men and wmen are still nt equal in sciety. 36 , nw in the UK, men earn 20 per cent mre than wmen fr the same wrk. If yu are a male manager, yur chance f being prmted④ is 40 per cent higher than a female manager’s. That’s why many peple are still fighting fr equal rights fr wmen in the UK.
31．A．letterB．nteC．bkD．newspaper
32．A．ask frB．wait frC．think abutD．cmplain abut
33．A．stillB．alsC．evenD．already
34．A．leaveB．frgetC．encurageD．change
35．A．discussedB．cnsideredC．affectedD．imprved
36．A．As a resultB．Fr exampleC．In additinD．In fact
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．D 36．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了英国妇女为争取平等权利而作出的努力与抗争。
31．句意：在她的口袋里发现了一张写着“为女性投票”的纸条。
letter信件；nte便条；bk书；newspaper报纸。根据“which said ‘Vtes fr wmen’”可知，此处是指发现了一张便条。故选B。
32．句意：她是一名妇女参政权论者，是1903年开始共同努力争取妇女平等权利的一群妇女中的一员。
ask fr要求；wait fr等待；think abut考虑；cmplain abut抱怨。根据“equal rights”可知，此处是要求平等权利。故选A。
33．句意：在贫穷的村庄里，妻子甚至在市场上被卖掉。
still仍然；als也；even甚至；already已经。根据“wives were … sld in the market”可知，此处应用even强调了一个令人惊讶的事实，即在贫穷的村庄里，妻子甚至会被拿到市场上出售。故选C。
34．句意：妇女参政权论者想要改变这一切。
leave离开；frget忘记；encurage鼓励；change改变。根据下文“Mre than a thusand were arrested, but they did nt stp. They went n hunger strike in prisn t fight against the unfair treatment.”可知，此处是指她们想改变这一切。故选D。
35．句意：自妇女参政权论者时代以来，这种情况有所改善，但许多人说男女在社会上仍然不平等。
discussed讨论；cnsidered认为；affected影响；imprved改善。根据上文“In 1952, female teachers were given the right t earn the same mney as male teachers.”可知，此处是指男女不平等的情况有所改善。故选D。
36．句意：例如，如今在英国，同样的工作，男性的收入比女性高出20%。
As a result结果是；Fr example例如；In additin此外；In fact事实上。根据上文“many peple say that men and wmen are still nt equal in sciety”可知，此处是举一个例子来补充说明上文中“在社会上男女仍然不平等”的这一现象的确存在。故选B。
（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Chse the best wrds r expressins and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文).
Many scientists believe ur lve f sugar may actually be an addictin (瘾). When we eat r drink sugary fds, the sugar enters ur bld and affects the parts f ur brain that make us feel gd. Then the gd feeling 37 , leaving us wanting mre. All tasty fds d this, but sugar has a particularly strng effect. In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, ne that dctrs recmmend we all cut dwn n.
“It seems like every time I 38 an illness and trace (追踪) a path t the first cause, I find my way back t sugar,” says scientist Richard Jhnsn. One-third f adults wrldwide have high bld pressure, and up t 346 millin have diabetes (糖尿病). Why? “Sugar, we believe, is ne f the factrs, if nt the majr factrs,” says Jhnsn.
Our bdies are designed t survive n very little sugar. Early humans ften had very little fd, s ur bdies learned t be very efficient (有效率的) in string sugar as fat. In this way, we had 39 stred fr when there was n fd. But tday, mst peple have mre than enugh. S the very thing that nce saved us may nw be killing us.
S what is the 40 ? It’s bvius that we need t eat less sugar. The truble is, in tday’s wrld, it’s extremely difficult t avid. Frm breakfast cereals t after-dinner desserts, ur fds are increasingly filled with it. Sme manufacturers (制造商) even use sugar t replace taste in fds. Hwever, they are advertised as 41 in fat. S while the fds seem healthier, large amunts f sugar are ften added.
But sme peple are fighting against sugar and trying t create a healthier envirnment. Many schls are replacing sugary desserts with healthier ptins, like fruit. Other schls are trying t encurage exercise by building facilities like walking tracks 42 students and thers in the cmmunity can exercise. The battle has nt yet been lst.
37．A．cmes backB．ges awayC．breaks upD．takes turns
38．A．studyB．haveC．treatD．spread
39．A．memriesB．energyC．waterD．data
40．A．resultB．reasnC．prblemD．slutin
41．A．richB．highC．lwD．heavy
42．A．althughB．becauseC．whileD．s
【答案】37．B 38．A 39．B 40．D 41．C 42．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了人们对糖上瘾，戒不掉糖的原因以及吃糖的危害。
37．句意：然后这种美好的感觉消失了，让我们想要更多。
cme back回来；g away走开；break up结束，分开；take turns轮流。根据“ us wanting mre.” 可知美好的感觉消失了就会想要更多。故选B。
38．句意：科学家理查德·约翰逊说：“似乎每次我研究一种疾病并追踪其最初原因时，我都会发现它与糖有关。”
study研究，学习；have有；treat对待；spread传播。根据“ illness and trace...”可知是科学家在研究和追踪。故选A。
39．句意：这样，我们就可以在没有食物的时候储存能量。
memry记忆；energy能量；water水；data数据。根据“ fr when there was n fd.”可知是储存能量以备没有食物的情况出现。故选B。
40．句意：那么解决方案是什么呢？
result结果；reasn理由；prblem问题；slutin解决方案。根据“It’s bvius that we need t eat...”可知下文是提出了解决方案。故选D。
41．句意：然而，它们被宣传为低脂肪。
rich丰富，富含；high高的；lw低的；heavy重的。根据“ use sugar t replace taste in fds. Hwever, they are advertised fat”可知前后是对比转折关系，因此指低脂肪。故选C。
42．句意：其他学校正试图通过建造步行道等设施来鼓励锻炼，这样学生和社区中的其他人就可以锻炼了。
althugh虽然；because因为；while当……时；s因此。根据“ walking and thers”可知前后表示因果关系。故选D。
（2024·上海虹口·二模）Harbin, in nrtheastern China, is the site f the Harbin Internatinal Snw and Ice Festival, the biggest winter festival in the wrld. Sme f the biggest and mst beautiful ice sculptures (雕塑) can be seen in the festival.
Harbin’s lcatin and freezing temperatures make it a 43 place t hst a winter festival. The city centre sits n the banks f the Snghua River. The river freezes ver in the winter and prvides hundreds f thusands f cubic metres f ice. Ice artists frm arund the wrld turn the blcks f ice int buildings, animals, and ther 44 .
The wrld’s largest winter festival grew ut f a traditinal ice lantern display and garden party that was 45 held in 1963. The snw and ice sculptures became part f the ice lantern festivities in 1985. In 2001, the celebratin and Heilngjiang’s Internatinal Ski Festival jined tgether and started t use its current (现行的) name.
It’s hard t imagine that this grand display f ice and snw sculptures started as ice in a bucket. Traditinal ice lanterns were created by freezing water in a bucket, 46 the ice, and making a hle int the blck f ice. A candle was then placed inside the blck t create a lantern.
Tday’s creatins are much mre carefully 47 and take much mre time t frm. Althugh the basic materials are the same-water, light, and ice-the displays nw include LED lights and a lt f details. Frm a 48 blck f ice t the wrld’s largest ice and snw amusement park, the festival has made a dramatic change. N wnder it attracts millins f peple each year.
43．A．cnvenientB．cmmnC．naturalD．necessary
44．A．attractinsB．charactersC．inventinsD．prducts
45．A．nlyB．firstC．evenD．als
46．A．thrwing awayB．keeping ffC．putting upD．taking ut
47．A．describedB．designedC．rganizedD．selected
48．A．brightB．freshC．simpleD．perfect
【答案】43．C 44．A 45．B 46．D 47．B 48．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了位于中国东北部的哈尔滨国际冰雪节，这一世界上最大的冬季节日，从传统的冰灯展示发展到现今规模宏大的冰雪雕塑盛会，吸引了全球艺术家和数百万游客。
43．句意：哈尔滨的地理位置和寒冷的气温使它成为举办冬季节日的天然场所。
cnvenient方便的；cmmn普通的；natural天然的；necessary必要的。根据“Harbin’s lcatin and freezing temperatures make it t hst a winter festival.”可知，哈尔滨气温低，所以它是举办冬季节日的天然场所。故选C。
44．句意：来自世界各地的冰艺术家将冰块变成建筑物、动物和其他有吸引力的事物。
attractins有吸引力的事物；characters人物；inventins发明；prducts产品。根据“Ice artists frm arund the wrld turn the blcks f ice int buildings, animals, and ther...”可知，艺术家将冰块雕成有吸引力的事物。故选A。
45．句意：世界上最大的冬季节日源于1963年首次举行的传统冰灯展示和花园派对。
nly仅仅，只；first首次；even甚至；als也。根据“The wrld’s largest winter festival grew ut f a traditinal ice lantern display and garden party that in 1963.”可知，传统冰灯展示和花园派对是这个节日的前身，所以1963年应是传统冰灯展示和花园派对首次举行的时间。故选B。
46．句意：传统的冰灯是通过将水冻结在一个桶里，取出冰，然后在冰块上钻一个洞来制作的。
thrwing away扔掉；keeping ff（使）不接近；putting up张贴；taking ut取出。根据“Traditinal ice lanterns were created by freezing water in a bucket, ice, and making a hle int the blck f ice.”可知，水在桶中冻结成型，然后把冰块取出用于制作冰灯。故选D。
47．句意：今天的作品设计得更加仔细，需要更多的时间来形成。
described描述；designed设计；rganized组织；selected选择。根据“Tday’s creatins are much mre take much mre time t frm.”可知，现在的冰灯需要先设计，然后再制作成型。故选B。
48．句意：从一块简单的冰块到世界上最大的冰雪游乐园，这个节日发生了巨大的变化。
bright明亮的；fresh新鲜的；simple简单的；perfect完美的。根据“Frm f ice t the wrld’s largest ice and snw amusement park, the festival has made a dramatic change.”可知，此处与“世界最大的冰雪游乐园”形成对比，以强调节日的巨大变化，simple较符合语境。故选C。
（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文).
Smetimes yur friends start t talk abut a new vide game r a new applicatin (应用软件) they have dwnladed. Yu becme s interested that yu may want t buy ne because yur friends talk abut it very 49 . Has this ever happened t yu?
In the US and ther places arund the wrld, there is a 50 feeling f wanting the newest, greatest tech gadgets (小玩意). The latest technlgy gets peple’s attentin even thugh peple may nt need it. But why is this?
There’s an initial (最初的) 51 abut these technlgies, accrding t Richard Larsn, a directr at MIT, US. If there’s a big grup f peple wh want these things, yu will be excited, t.
One f the majr US cmpanies that really 52 this is Apple. They cme ut with a new iPhne with very small changes every year. But peple still rush t the stres blindly even if they just gt the previus phne.
Hwever, buying these things may nt always be the best ptin (选择). Yu culd be buying things that yu dn’t really need and spending t much mney just t get the chance t 53 t yur friends.
Nt nly that but ur need t always be n ur phnes r playing vide games has been 54 a lt f ur time. S is this excitement ver technlgy a gd r a bad thing?
49．A．quicklyB．ftenC．muchD．slwly
50．A．similarB．familiarC．sameD．famus
51．A．argumentB．excitementC．develpmentD．amusement
52．A．take charge fB．take hld f
C．take advantage fD．take the place f
53．A．put them ffB．turn them ffC．give them ffD．shw them ff
54．A．savingB．wastingC．spendingD．making
【答案】49．B 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要对人们追求最新的东西的心理进行了分析。一些新技术会使人们兴奋，吸引着人们去购买新产品；但是身处数码时代的我们真的有必要时刻准备更新换代吗？
49．句意：你变得如此感兴趣，你可能想买一个，因为你的朋友经常谈论它。
quickly快速地；ften经常；much非常；slwly慢慢地。由语境可知，此处是指朋友经常在你面前谈论新的游戏或者应用软件。故选B。
50．句意：在美国和世界其他地方，人们也有类似的感觉，想要最新、最好的科技产品。
similar相似的；familiar熟悉的；same相同的；famus著名的。根据上文“Yu becme s interested that yu may want t buy ne”和“In the US and ther places arund the wrld,”可知，此处是指在美国和世界其他的地方，也有类似的对最新的东西感兴趣的感觉。故选A。
51．句意：美国麻省理工学院院长理查德•拉森表示，人们对这些技术最初感到兴奋。
argument争论；excitement兴奋；develpment发展；amusement娱乐。根据下文“If there’s a big grup f peple wh want these things, yu will be excited, t.”和最后一段“S is this excitement ver technlgy a gd r a bad thing?”可知，此处是指人们对这些技术感到很兴奋。故选B。
52．句意：真正利用这一点的美国大公司之一是苹果公司。
take charge f负责；take hld f握住；take advantage f利用；take the place f代替。根据下文“They cme ut with a new iPhne with very small changes every year. But peple still rush t the stres blindly even if they just gt the previus phne.”可知，此处是指美国苹果公司利用了人们对新东西感兴趣的特点。故选C。
53．句意：你可能会买一些你并不真正需要的东西，花很多钱只是为了有机会向你的朋友炫耀。
put them ff推迟；turn them ff关闭；give them ff发出；shw them ff炫耀。结合语境和备选项可知，此处是指一些人花很多钱买一些不需要的东西只是为了向朋友炫耀一番。故选D。
54．名意：不仅如此，我们总是需要玩手机或玩电子游戏，这浪费了我们很多时间。
saving节省；wasting浪费；spending花费；making制造。根据语境可知，此处是指人们对手机和电子游戏的需求总是浪费很多时间。故选B。
（2024·上海青浦·二模）Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Shuld parents chse yur clthes?
Lts f parents chse their children’s clthes, r at least have a say in what they wear. As children get lder, they tend t develp strnger pinins f hw they want t dress. It’s cmmn fr children and teens t have different pinins with their parents ver clthes. Sme yung peple dn’t 55 hw they dress, thers want t express their style, fllw trends (n. 潮流) r dress like friends r famus peple they like.
What d yu think? Shuld parents chse yur clthes?
Yes — Advice is helpful.
Parents can help yu chse the right clthes because they have mre 56 . It’s part f their jb — like making sure yu eat a healthy diet. As they are usually paying, it makes sense that parents have a say. If parents didn’t help children chse clthes, they might wear things that aren’t wise, like flip-flps (人字拖) in the rain. 57 , at sme special events, it can be necessary t dress in a certain way t shw respect. Yung peple can feel pressure t dress in clthes that are t grwn-up. Chsing clthes can be a tw-way 58 : children say what they prefer but parents have the final say. It’s nt just abut what yu wear, but hw yu wear it.
N — It’s an individual decisin.
Yu shuld decide because yu’re the ne wearing the clthes. Parents dn’t always understand what children like r knw what is trendy. What’s mre, chsing fr yurself is an imprtant step twards becming 59 and can build self-cnfidence.
Selecting clthes can be fun and creative, and allws yu t express yurself and develp an individual style. Fr sme peple, clthing is a way f shwing yu 60 a certain grup. Plus, if children select their wn clthes, they are mre likely t wear them, which means fewer arguments and less wasted mney.
55．A．researchB．requireC．careD．knw
56．A．prgressB．wealthC．healthD．experience
57．A．TherefreB．InsteadC．BesidesD．Hwever
58．A．resultB．effrtC．purpseD．link
59．A．independentB．successfulC．interestedD．different
60．A．fcus nB．depend nC．agree withD．belng t
【答案】55．C 56．D 57．C 58．B 59．A 60．D
【导语】本文主要谈论了“父母是否应该为你挑选衣服”。
55．句意：一些年轻人不在乎他们如何穿着，其他人想要表达自己的风格，跟随潮流或穿得像他们喜欢的朋友或名人。
research研究；require要求；care在乎；knw知道。根据“thers want t express their style...”可知，这里是介绍两种不同的情况，后者说的是想要表达自己的风格，则前者空处应是说不在乎自己的穿着，故选C。
56．句意：父母可以帮助你选择合适的衣服，因为他们有更多的经验。
prgress进步，进展；wealth财富；health健康；experience经验。根据“Parents can help yu chse the right clthes because they have mre...”可知，应是父母有更多的经验，故选D。
57．句意：而且，在一些特殊的场合，有必要以某种方式着装以示尊重。
Therefre因此；Instead反而；Besides而且；Hwever然而。根据“If parents didn’t help children chse clthes, they might wear things that aren’t wise, like flip-flps (人字拖) in the rain. ..., at sme special events, it can be necessary t dress in a certain way t shw respect. ”可知，空处是进一步补充说明父母不帮忙选衣服的话，会出现的一些问题，所以用besides表示补充，故选C。
58．句意：选择衣服可能是一种双向努力:孩子们说他们喜欢什么，但父母有最终决定权。
result结果；effrt努力；purpse目的；link联系。根据“children say what they prefer but parents have the final say”可知，父母和孩子双方都为选衣服做出了努力，故选B。
59．句意：更重要的是，为自己选择是走向独立的重要一步，可以建立自信。
independent独立的；successful成功的；interested感兴趣的；different不同的。根据“chsing fr yurself ”可知，自己做选择是一种独立的表现，故选A。
60．句意：对一些人来说，服装是显示你属于某个群体的一种方式。
fcus n专注于；depend n依赖；agree with赞同；belng t属于。根据“clthing is a way f shwing yu certain grup. ”可知，穿衣上可以显示你属于某一群体，故选D。
（2024·上海闵行·二模）
A bedtime rutine (睡前习惯) is the activities yu d every night befre ging t bed. Yur bedtime rutine can fit yur needs and sleep envirnment. It can als help frm habits t tell yur brain it is time fr bed. The fllwing 61 may help yu get a better bedtime rutine.
Decide n a Set Bedtime
Decide n a bedtime and wake-up time and stick t (坚持) them every day, including at weekends. A(n) 62 bedtime rutine isn’t gd fr training yur brain t naturally feel tired befre sleep.
Take a Warm Shwer
Cnsider taking a warm shwer at least 20 minutes befre yu g t sleep. Yur bdy will heat up frm the water, and cl dwn 63 as the water dries up. The sudden change f yur bdy temperature can usually help yu feel relaxed, and even a little tired. Researchers at the University f Texas fund that shwering with water f 40°C~42. 5°C ne t tw hurs befre bedtime was 64 better sleep.
Listen t Music
Music can be a pwerful relaxatin tl. Yu may chse any type f music yu like, as lng as it 65 yu effectively. Clse yur eyes, listen t the music, and let it turn yur attentin away frm wrries.
Prepare Yur Bedrm
Yur bedtime rutine can include turning yur bedrm int a relaxing place, making things as cl, dark, and quiet as pssible. 66 , use blinds (眼罩) r blackut curtains t keep ut light, while keeping electrnic devices ut f the bedrm is als necessary.
The final step f yur bedtime rutine shuld be getting int bed. Make this the very last thing yu d, and nce yur head hits the pillw, d nt d anything else ther than try t fall asleep.
61．A．advantagesB．suggestinsC．hbbiesD．experiences
2.
62．A．rdinaryB．pleasantC．strictD．changeable
3.
63．A．safelyB．quietlyC．quicklyD．gently
4.
64．A．cnnected withB．based nC．full fD．different frm
5.
65．A．calmsB．disturbsC．remindsD．awards
6.
66．A．In cnclusinB．Fr exampleC．What’s mreD．After all
【答案】61．B 62．D 63．C 64．A 65．A 66．B
【导语】本文介绍了几种有助于睡眠的好习惯。
61．句意：下面的建议可能有助于你养成更好的就寝习惯。
advantages优势；suggestins建议；hbbies兴趣，爱好；experiences经历。根据“Yur bedtime rutine can fit yur needs and sleep envirnment.”及下文描述的几条建议可知，此处就“如何有一个更好的就寝习惯”方面提出了“建议”。故选B。
62．句意：不固定的就寝时间不利于训练你的大脑在睡觉前自然感到疲劳。
rdinary普通的；pleasant令人愉快的；strict严格的；changeable变化无常的，不固定的。根据“…isn’t gd fr training yur brain t naturally feel tired befre sleep.”可知，此处指”变化无常的“睡眠时间对身体不利。故选D。
63．句意：你的身体会因水而升温，并随着水干而迅速降温。
safely安全地；quietly安静地；quickly迅速地；gently温柔地。根据“Yur bdy will heat up frm the water, and cl dwn…as the water dries up”可知，此处指体温会随着水干而“迅速”降温。故选C。
64．句意：德克萨斯大学的研究人员发现，睡前一到两小时用40°C到42.5°C的水淋浴有助于改善睡眠。
cnnected with与……有关联；based n基于；full f充满；different frm与……不同。结合语境可知，此处指“合适的水温及时长洗澡”与“更好的睡眠”之间有关联。故选A。
65．句意：你可以选择任何类型的音乐，只要它能有效地使你平静下来。
calms使……平静；disturbs打扰；reminds使……想起，提醒；awards授予，给予。结合语境可知，此处指任何可以使你“平静下来”的音乐。故选A。
66．句意：例如，使用百叶窗或遮光窗帘来遮挡光线，同时将电子设备放在卧室之外也是必要的。
In cnclusin总之；Fr example例如；What’s mre更重要的是，而且；After all毕竟。根据下文“use blinds r blackut curtains t keep ut light, while keeping electrnic devices ut f the bedrm is als necessary.”可知，此处是举例说明怎样把卧室变成一个放松的地方。故选B。
（2024·上海金山·二模）Bth my wife and I are running lvers. I usually run n the track in my neighburhd. Mst peple walk n the track, s I am faster than them. My speed seems amazing t the walkers and I ften pass by them twenty r mre times arund the track. This makes me feel 67 .
One day, a shrt man came. He didn’t lk like much f a runner. I saw him 68 the car and warm up befre running when I passed by tw walkers. He started running a few meters ahead f me. He was fast but I 69 and managed t catch up with him. I had smene t cmpete with. But after a lap (圈), I fell behind him and had great difficulty in breathing. After tw laps, my ft began t hurt, s I had t slw dwn and began t run at my usual speed. This time I culd breathe 70 withut sunding like I had a lung disease (肺病) and the pain in my ft went away. In a very shrt time, he was far ahead. He was t fast fr me t fllw.
I leaned several lessns. There will always be slwer and faster nes. Sme have natural 71 , and sme have trained harder. Dn’t judge the capacity (能力) f a persn by hw he r she lks.
The pint is that we each have ur wn speed. When we are trying t keep up, we ften end up hurting urselves and being ut f breath. Slw dwn r speed up, but run yur race t yur best. Dn’t run fast when yu shuld be running 72 . Dn’t run at all when yu shuld be walking. Dn’t walk when yu shuld be running.
67．A．lnelyB．surprisedC．upsetD．prud
68．A．cme inB．get ut fC．get intD．lk at
69．A．sped upB．slw dwnC．stppedD．left
70．A．hardB．carefullyC．easilyD．heavily
71．A．characterB．viceC．resurceD．talent
72．A．happilyB．slwlyC．fastD．early
【答案】67．D 68．B 69．A 70．C 71．D 72．B
【导语】本文通过作者跑步时的亲身经历告诉我们：我们每个人都有自己的速度。当你应该慢速跑的时候，不要跑得快；当你应该走的时候，不要跑；该跑的时候不要走。
67．句意：这让我感到自豪。
lnely孤独的；surprised感到吃惊的；upset不安的；prud自豪的。根据“My speed seems amazing t the walkers and I ften pass by them twenty r mre times arund the track. ”作者的速度相较于步行者很快，经常在赛道上超过他们20次或更多，可推测此处指作者感到“自豪”。故选D。
68．句意：当我经过两个步行者的时候，我看到他从车里出来，在跑步前热身。
cme in进来；get ut f出来；get int进去；lk at看。根据“…and warm up befre running”可知，此处指这个矮个子男人从车里“出来”在做跑前热身。故选B。
69．句意：他跑得很快，但我加快了速度，设法赶上了他。
sped up加速；slw dwn减速；stpped停止；left离开。根据“…and managed t catch up with him.”对方跑得很快，此处指作者试图“加速”追赶上他。故选A。
70．句意：这一次，我呼吸轻松了，听起来不像得了肺病，脚上的疼痛也消失了。
hard困难的；carefully仔细地；easily轻松地，容易地；heavily沉重地，很大程度上地。根据“But after a lap, I fell behind him and had great difficulty in breathing…”及“s I had t slw dwn and began t run at my usual speed.”可知，此处指作者感到身体不适时调整了动作，呼吸变得轻松些了。故选C。
71．句意：有些人天生就有天赋，而有些人则更刻苦训练。
character角色；vice声音；resurce资源；talent天赋。根据“…and sme have trained harder.”可知，此处指有些人与生俱来的才能和特性，即“天赋”。故选D。
72．句意：当你应该慢速跑的时候，就不要快跑。
happily开心地；slwly缓慢地；fast迅速地；early早早地。根据“Dn’t run fast when yu shuld be running…Dn’t run at all when yu shuld be walking. Dn’t walk when yu shuld be running.”可知，此处指作者在跑步方面给出的几条建议：应该慢速跑的时候就不要快跑。故选B。
（2024·上海静安·二模）Chse the wrds r expressins and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文).
A Taste f Finnish Culture
Sme students came t Finland t study at Helsinki University. They are sitting in a city cafe after ne f their classes.
Kirsten: Talking abut Finns and Finland, what d yu guys think abut living here 73 ?
Edwina: I must tell yu guys that I was quite pleasantly surprised at the weather when I first arrived here in the middle f winter. The temperature was minus 15. I thught I was ging t die! But I dn’t freeze 74 in Finland, because all the buildings are s well heated. I freeze mre in Sctland than I d here.
Vishal: True. And the summertime is lvely, thugh. Anther thing I really like abut living in Finland is that it’s really 75 , at least cmpared t Mumbai! One day, when I was walking hme, I drpped my wallet. When I nticed this, I thught it wuld be stlen fr sure. But I fund that smene had put my wallet n tp f a bench s that I wuld find it mre easily. The mst surprising thing was that nthing had been taken frm it!
Kirsten: That’s pretty 76 . It always makes me smile t see all the lst things.
Edwina: Peple here 77 a lt. Fr example, almst n ne crsses the rad when the light is red, even if there are n cars cming.
Kirsten: Yu’re right! I remember I nce crssed the rad when the light was red. Peple waiting n the ther side lked at me in a very annyed way. That made me decide never t d it again!
Vishal: That’s funny! In India, peple dn’t d that!
Jseph: Well, anther thing that can be funny is Finnish fd. One day, sn after getting t Finland, I felt like having smething sweet. I went int the crner shp and I saw that there were freshly baked dughnuts n the bread cunter. “Excellent!” I thught, and I chse a big dughnut t sink my teeth int. But imagine my hrrr when I discvered that it was filled with meat!
Edwina: Oh yes. I think the meat filling is actually quite nice but nt when yu are 78 jam!
73．A．at firstB．s farC．nw and thenD．fr the time being
74．A．indrsB．utdrsC．immediatelyD．cmpletely
75．A．smartB．quietC．safeD．clean
76．A．crazyB．prperC．attractiveD．amazing
77．A．ride bicyclesB．cmplain abut driversC．fllw rulesD．argue abut laws
78．A．tastingB．expectingC．tuchingD．spreading
【答案】73．B 74．A 75．C 76．D 77．C 78．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些学生对于芬兰文化的看法。
73．句意：说到芬兰人和芬兰，到目前为止你们觉得住在这里怎么样？
at first首先；s far到目前为止；nw and then不时地；fr the time being暂时。根据“what d yu guys think abut living here”可知此处是询问到目前为止他们的看法。故选B。
74．句意：但我在芬兰的室内不会冷，因为所有的建筑都有很好的供暖。
indrs室内；utdrs室外；immediately立刻；cmpletely完全地。根据“because all the buildings are s well heated”可知因为有供暖，所以在室内很暖和。故选A。
75．句意：我真正喜欢在芬兰生活的另一件事是它真的很安全。
smart聪明的；quiet安静的；safe安全的；clean干净的。根据“When I nticed this, I thught it wuld be stlen fr sure. But I fund that smene had put my wallet n tp f a bench s that I wuld find it mre easily”可知自己的钱包没有丢，所以应该感觉很安全。故选C。
76．句意：太神奇了。
crazy疯狂的；prper恰当的；attractive吸引人的；amazing令人惊奇的。根据“The mst surprising thing was that nthing had been taken frm it!”可知东西都没有丢，所以很令人惊奇。故选D。
77．句意：这里的人们经常遵守规则。
ride bicycles骑自行车；cmplain abut drivers抱怨司机；fllw rules遵守规则；argue abut laws争论法律。根据“almst n ne crsses the rad when the light is red, even if there are n cars cming.”可知他们遵守规则。故选C。
78．句意：我觉得肉馅其实很好吃，但不是当你期待果酱的时候！
tasting品尝；expecting期待；tuching触摸；spreading传播。根据“the meat filling is actually quite nice but nt when yu ”可知当你期待着吃到果酱时，结果却吃到肉，这可能就不太好吃了。故选B。
（2024·上海长宁·二模）Perhaps yu’ve heard f the huge actin superstar f the 1980s and 1990s, Arnld Schwarzenegger, famus fr mvies like The Terminatr. Even nw, at the age f 76, Schwarzenegger has never given up n his passin fr bdybuilding and physical fitness.
As a child brn in 1947 in Austria, Schwarzenegger had watched mvies abut Hercules, and dreamed f being as big as the 79 he saw n the screen. Schwarzenegger began wrking n his dream when he was a teenager, exercising and weightlifting nnstp. As a yung man he wuld take part in the biggest bdybuilding cmpetitins in the wrld, 80 the titles f Mr Universe five times and Mr Olympia seven times.
At the height f his bdybuilding, Schwarzenegger decided t try and break int Hllywd. He mved t the US with little mney, knwing 81 any English. But he wrked tirelessly n learning the language and acting. Since his accent wuldn’t fit the psitin, his name was t lng and his bdy was t big, he wasn’t 82 int Hllywd with pen arms. “… Everyne said… ‘Yu will never becme a leading man’,” Schwarzenegger said in an interview with Virgin Radi UK.
But Schwarzenegger wasn’t ging t be held back. “I didn’t listen t the naysayers (反对者),” said Schwarzenegger, “… like Mandela always said, everything is impssible 83 smene des it. And that’s the way I feel.”
Schwarzenegger went n t becme the Gvernr f Califrnia in 2003 and ran fr tw terms befre returning t the wrld f acting. He cntinues t act, runs exercise prgrams and has als written a number f bks n 84 fitness and achieving success.
Schwarzenegger’s stry is smething we can learn frm. We shuld never give in t the naysayers and never give up ging after ur dreams.
79．A．singersB．heresC．directrsD．jurnalists
80．A．changingB．expectingC．winningD．playing
81．A．hardlyB．exactlyC．immediatelyD．unfrtunately
82．A．cntactedB．exchangedC．settledD．welcmed
83．A．afterB．sinceC．untilD．althugh
84．A．specialB．persnalC．autmaticD．respnsible
【答案】79．B 80．C 81．A 82．D 83．C 84．B
【导语】文章是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了动作巨星施瓦辛格动故事。
79．句意：1947年，施瓦辛格出生在奥地利，从小就喜欢看大力士的电影，梦想着能和银幕上的英雄一样出名。
singers歌手；heres英雄；directrs导演；jurnalists记者。根据“Schwarzenegger had watched mvies abut Hercules”和“he saw n the screen”可知，他是梦想着能和银幕上的英雄一样出名。故选B。
80．句意：年轻时，他会参加世界上最大的健美比赛，五次赢得环球先生的称号，七次赢得奥林匹亚先生的称号。
changing改变；expecting期待；winning赢得；playing玩。根据“As a yung man he wuld take part in the biggest bdybuilding cmpetitins in the wrld”可知，年轻时，他会参加世界上最大的健美比赛，所以这里是指赢得称号。故选C。
81．句意：他几乎不懂英语，带着很少的钱搬去了美国。
hardly几乎不；exactly精确地；immediately立即；unfrtunately不幸地。根据“But he wrked tirelessly n learning the language and acting.”可知，他不知疲倦地学习语言和表演，所以前面应该是几乎不懂英语。故选A。
82．句意：由于他的口音不适合这个职位，他的名字又太长，身体又太大，好莱坞并没有张开双臂欢迎他。
cntacted联系；exchanged交换；settled解决；welcmed欢迎。根据“his name was t lng and his bdy was t big”可知，他是不受欢迎的。故选D。
83．句意：“ ……就像曼德拉总是说的那样，直到有人去做，否则一切都是不可能的。”
after在……之后；since自从；until直到；althugh尽管。根据“everything is impssible”可知，是直到有人做，一切才有可能。故选C。
84．句意：他继续演戏，开展锻炼计划，还写了许多关于个人健身和取得成功的书。
special特殊的；persnal个人的；autmatic自动的；respnsible负责的。根据“fitness and achieving success”可知，是关于个人的健身和取得成功的书。故选B。
（2024·上海崇明·二模）
Blue calic (印花布) appeared in the Han and Jin dynasties, develped in the Sng and Yuan dynasties, and flurished in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the 1980s, wmen in the Jiangnan cuntryside liked t wear blue calic clthes, fr they were nt nly beautiful but als cmfrtable fr wrking in rice fields. Last mnth, students in schl gt the chance t see and learn abut these 85 clthes.
The “explratin f ld Chinese cstumes” class n Nv 8 at Nanjing Freign Language Schl went deep int learning abut blue calic. The students met the 86 f making their wn bags thrugh tie-dyeing (扎染). It is a dyeing skill used t make blue calic.
“First, fld the clth bag the way yu like,” said he, a grade 8 student. “Then use rubber bands (橡皮筋) t hld it. Next, 87 blue dye which is made frm the leaves f the indig plant, t the water. Push the bag dwn well s the clrs g thrugh. Then wait. An hur later, wash it a few times with clean water t 88 extra dye.”
“Tie-dyeing is a magical art. Everyne des it a bit 89 . Yu never knw exactly hw it will lk in the end because it depends n hw the rubber bands are held. It’s amazing and attractive.” said Ma Qianyu, a grade 8 student, happy with her wrk. “The dye and cttn material all cme frm 90 and peple make blue calic all by hand. It is a symbl f flk (民间的) peple and their hard wrk and effrt.” she said.
“Clthing is a part f culture. It is als a part f art and life,” said Chen Xi, the teacher f the class. “Our students will later g t Nanjing Museum t get mre knwledge abut life in Jiangsu and the flk custms there.”
85．A．cmmnB．strangeC．mdernD．traditinal
86．A．memberB．challengeC．reasnD．danger
87．A．addB．tasteC．repeatD．catch
88．A．get rid fB．get ready frC．run ut fD．take hld f
89．A．simplyB．luckilyC．similarlyD．differently
90．A．labB．industryC．natureD．sciety
【答案】85．D 86．B 87．A 88．A 89．D 90．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了扎染的相关信息，如历史，制作过程等。
85．句意：上个月，在校学生有机会看到和了解这些传统服装。
cmmn共同的；strange陌生的；mdern现代的；traditinal传统的。根据“In the 1980s, wmen in the Jiangnan cuntryside liked t wear blue calic clthes, fr they were nt nly beautiful but als cmfrtable fr wrking in rice fields”可知是指学生有机会看到和了解这些传统服装。故选D。
86．句意：学生们接受了通过扎染制作自己的袋子的挑战。
member成员；challenge挑战；reasn原因；danger危险。根据“The students met the…f making their wn bags thrugh tie-dyeing”可知是指学生们接受了通过扎染制作自己的袋子的挑战。故选B。
87．句意：下一步，在水中加入蓝色染料，这种染料是由靛蓝植物的叶子制成的。
add增加；taste尝；repeat重复；catch抓。根据“blue dye which is made frm the leaves f the indig plant, t the water”可知是指在水中加入蓝色染料，故选A。
88．句意：一小时后，用清水洗几次，以去除多余的染料。
get rid f去除；get ready fr作准备；run ut f用完；take hld f握住。根据“wash it a few times with clean water t…extra dye”可知是指用清水洗几次，以去除多余的染料。故选A。
89．句意：每个人做这件事都有点不同。
simply仅仅；luckily幸运地；similarly相似地；differently不同地。根据“Yu never knw exactly hw it will lk in the end because it depends n hw the rubber bands are held”可知是指每个人做这件事都有点不同。故选D。
90．句意：染料和棉花的材料都来自大自然，人们都是手工制作蓝色印花布。
lab实验室；industry工业；nature自然；sciety社会。根据“The dye and cttn material all cme frm”可知是指染料和棉花的材料都来自大自然，故选C。
（2024·上海宝山·二模）Chse the wrds r expressins t cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语，完成短文)
Exams help teachers see what kids knw, but sme say it’s time t stp the clck
Students in the US are regularly tested n their knwledge f class materials, frm midterms t finals. Traditinally, educatrs have put time limits n tests 91 they believe it’s fair t give mst students the same amunt f time, and they als think students wh really knw the material shuld be able t answer all the questins during that time. Studies have shwn, hwever, that the 92 t take a test quickly desn’t reflect (反映) a student’s intelligence r knwledge f the material. Timed tests simply favur (有利于) students wh can think under pressure. What d yu think? Shuld we get rid f timed tests?
Yes—having a time limit n tests can be unfair
Time limits n tests give an advantage t students wh can think quickly and stay calm. That has 93 t d with hw much they knw r hw much they’ve studied. Many students, including peple with learning difficulties, need mre time t fcus n their thughts. They can get stressed and anxius (焦虑的) and even have truble sleeping the night befre a test, which will affect their perfrmance. Nt everyne can express his ideas r knwledge while the clck is ticking. Studies shw that when students have time t fcus n the questins, they give mre thughtful answers and 94 remember the material better.
N—it’s imprtant t have time limits n tests
Giving students the same test with the same time limit is a fair way t test and cmpare their knwledge and abilities. While sme students may need extra time due t specific needs, nt everyne des. 95 there is a time limit fr students t finish a test, they wn’t learn hw t manage their time r decide hw much time t spend n each questin. Time limits encurage students t trust their knwledge, make decisins and mve frward, which helps build 96 .
Learning t wrk efficiently and quickly is als imprtant in the real wrld, including in the wrkplace.
91．A．therefreB．althughC．untilD．because
92．A．decisinB．abilityC．mmentD．pinin
93．A．everythingB．smethingC．anythingD．nthing
94．A．immediatelyB．rarelyC．actuallyD．suddenly
95．A．SinceB．UnlessC．Even ifD．When
96．A．prgressB．friendshipC．behavirD．cnfidence
【答案】91．D 92．B 93．D 94．C 95．B 96．D
【导语】本文就是否应该取消计时测试表达了不同的观点。
91．句意：传统上，教育工作者对考试有时间限制，因为他们认为给大多数学生相同的时间是公平的，他们也认为真正了解材料的学生应该能够在这段时间内回答所有的问题。
therefre因此；althugh尽管；until直到；because因为。根据“educatrs have put time limits n tests ... they believe it’s fair t give mst students the same amunt f time”可知，空前后句是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。
92．句意：然而，研究表明，快速参加考试的能力并不能反映学生的智力或对材料的了解。
decisin决定；ability能力；mment时刻；pinin观点。根据“ take a test quickly desn’t reflect (反映) a student’s intelligence r knwledge f the material.”可知，是指快速参加考试的能力并不能反映学生的智力或对材料的了解。故选B。
93．句意：这和他们知道多少或者学了多少没有任何关系。
everything一切；smething某事；anything任何事；nthing没有什么。根据“Time limits n tests give an advantage t students wh can think quickly and stay calm.”可知，限制考试时间对那些能够快速思考和保持冷静的学生有利，这与他们知道什么或学了多少没有关系，have nthing t d with “与……无关”。故选D。
94．句意：研究表明，当学生有时间专注于问题时，他们会给出更深思熟虑的答案，实际上也会更好地记住材料。
immediately立即；rarely很少；actually实际上；suddenly突然。根据“when students have time t fcus n the questins”可知，当学生们有时间专注于问题时，实际上能够更好地记住材料。故选C。
95．句意：除非对学生完成考试有时间限制，否则他们不会学会如何管理自己的时间，也不会决定在每个问题上花费多少时间。
Since自从；Unless除非；Even if即使；When当……时。根据“there is a time limit fr students t finish a test, they wn’t learn hw t manage their time r decide hw much time t spend n each questin.”可知，前句是后句的否定条件，表示 “除非” 对学生完成考试有时间限制，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
96．句意：时间限制鼓励学生相信自己的知识，做出决定，向前迈进，这有助于建立信心。
prgress进步；friendship友谊；behavir行为；cnfidence自信。根据“Time limits encurage students t trust their knwledge, make decisins and mve frward”可知，时间限制有助于建立自信。故选D。
① Emily Davisn艾米莉·戴维森，妇女参政论者。1913年6月，她前往赛马场为女性争取选举权，撞倒在英王乔治五世的赛马马蹄下身亡。戴维森的去世引起巨大轰动, 被认为是英国女性政治平权运动的转折点。
② divrce n. 离婚
③ arrest v. 逮捕
④ prmte v. 晋升