汉寿县第一中学2024届高三下学期4月月考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份汉寿县第一中学2024届高三下学期4月月考英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
If yu’ve reached the end f the year feeling as thugh yu didn’t read enugh, we’ve gt yu. Here are sme f the best bks f the year accrding t ntable artists, image-makers and ther cultural taste makers.
Emily Ratajkwski, mdel: Ghst Lver’
“This cllectin f nine shrt stries prbes int many f the same themes in Lisa Tadde’s belved ‘Three Wmen’, but discusses them in a sharper, mre disagreeable way. She ruthlessly explres jealusy relatinships between wmen, aging, revenge and, f curse, desire. Tadde never lets yu cme up fr air—making yu laugh while simultaneusly hrrifying yu all when yu least expect it.”
Hans UIrich Obrist, artistic directr: ‘I Always Knew’
“This is a prtrait f artist and writer Barbara Chase-Ribud, thrugh the letters she wrte t her mther, Vivian Mae, between 1957 and 1991. In this remarkable title, Barbara Chase-Ribud tells her mther abut her develpment as an artist, her lve stries, and her trips arund the glbe, frm Africa t China. In these memirs (回忆录), Chase-Ribud frankly and passinately describes her aspiratins, her ambitins and creative inspiratin，while als shwcasing lve and tenderness t her mther.”
Avan Jgia, actr and directr: ‘Wh is Wellness Fr?’
“‘Wh is Wellness Fr?’ is a bk that wrks as part scial bservatin and part memir. It explres the cmmercializatin f healing and ritual and asks questins abut the industry f wellness I fund the read insightful, thughtful, and unafraid. Wellness isn’t fr anyne if it’s nt fr everyne.”
1．What sets “Ghst Lver” apart frm “Three Wmen”?
A.The fcus n themes.B.The setting f stries.
C.The structure f bks.D.The tne f narratin.
2．Wh is the writer f “T Always Knew”?
A.Barbara Chase-Ribud.B.Hans Ulrich Obrist
C.Vivian Mae.D.Avan Jgia.
3．What d the abve-mentined bks have in cmmn?
A.They bring laughter t readers.B.They share the same writing type
C.They center n the theme f lveD.They stand ut as the best reads f the year.
Traffic jam is a prblem fr cities arund the wrld, with sme lking t electric scters(踏板车) t ease the prblem, and thers t AI-enabled traffic lights. But ne cmpany believes the slutin is t build a netwrk f driverless high-speed pds(吊舱) that ride arund cities suspended(悬挂) frm a steel track.
In June, Belarus-based uSky Transprt pened a 400-meter test line in Sharjah(沙加). Frm the utside, the electrically pwered pds are white while the inside is designed t feel like a first-class airline suite, including md lighting, music and flrt-ceiling windws. With tw padded armchairs and tw fldable seats, the vehicle being tested can carry up t fur passengers. A cmplete city-wide netwrk culd supprt 10, 000 passengers per hur, uSky says, with vehicles at present able t travel up t 150 kilmeters per hur.
The cmpany says its aim is t free up rads and grund spaces that culd be used fr greenery, walkways and public leisure spaces. "The grund space is cmpletely ver-saturated, and peple are tired f traffic jams. Peple are tired f emissins," says Oleg Zaretskiy, uSky Transprt's CEO.
Accrding t uSky, while ne kilmeter f subway can cst up t $150 millin t cnstruct, this system csts arund $10 millin. And by using less structural materials, it reduces carbn emissins. The cmpany has als develped a similar technlgy t transprt gds cntainers, carrying up t 48 tns at a tp speed f 90 kilmeters per hur.
Althugh she cautins that it wuld require careful planning t avid traffi jam in a busy city-wide netwrk, Haag believes it culd still be a widely adpted slutin if the prmises f imprved mbility and sustainability(持续性) are kept.
Zaretskiy says uSky is als lking beynd Sharjah. "We can see that the mst prmising areas fr us are in the Middle East and Asia—places where there is natural grwth f ppulatin, such as India and Pakistan," he says. Haag adds that pds are mre suited t cuntries where public transprtatin is under-develped and there is increasing demand fr mbility slutins. The cmpany hpes t finalize its first cmmercial cntract(商业合同) by the end f the year in Sharjah, Zaretskiy adds, meaning uSky pds culd be running prperly by 2024.
4．What's the cmpany's gal accrding t Oleg Zaretskiy?
A. T slve the prblem f traffic jam cmpletely.
B. T free up mre grund space fr ther uses.
C. T cmpete with airplane cmpanies.
D. T develp public transprtatin.
5．What's the feature f uSky pds?
A. They are less safe t travel. B. They are expensive t cnstruct.
C. They are ppular with mst peple. D. They are envirnmentally friendly.
6．What's the underlined wrd "ver-saturated" in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Crwded. B. Vast. C. Clean. D. Empty.
7．What's the best title f the text?
A. USky Pds Help Cities Slve Traffic Prblems
B. The Cmpany USky Is Develping a New Prduct
C. USky Transprt Cmpetes with Airplane Cmpanies
D. Sme Cuntries Have Demand fr Mbility Slutins
Gerge Headley wuld have been a dentist in the USA rather than ne f the greatest cricketers (板球运动员) if he had gt his papers frm Panama n time. The Indian legend was brn in Clón, Panama and a perid f unemplyment in Jamaica caused him t begin the prcess f seeking a career elsewhere.
The delay, hwever, gave Headley time t make his first-class debut (首次亮相) fr Jamaica against the visiting Lrd Tennysn’s XI frm England. These were his scres in the three first-class games in the series: 16, 40, and 71. The rest, as they say, is histry. Yet, cnsider what might have ccurred if his dcuments had arrived n time and he had migrated t America. There wuld have been a missing chapter in cricket.
Headley’s ta le brings t the fre the rle that happenstance (偶然情况) plays in life. In the sng A Different Cmer, Gerge Michael lamented (哀叹) that a rmantic unin went wrng and suggested that it might have been better if circumstances had wrked t prevent their first meeting: “Take me back in time; maybe I can frget. Turn a different crner and we never wuld have met.”
Our lives are the result f much planning and deliberate actin. But they are the result f chance as well. “The harder I practice, the luckier I get” is a qute nrmally used by sprtsmen t discunt the ccurrence r cnsequence f luck. Athletes like t think that whatever success they’ve had is nly dwn t them. T admit therwise is t devalue the skills and effrts.
The changes in luck are a large part f why we watch sprts. It fsters uncertainty, which, in turn. enhances interest in the prcess and the result. On any given day, the underdg can be at the champin. Whenever that ccurs, luck is likely t have played sme significant part, and sprt is better fr it.
8．What decisin did Gerge Headley make befre getting his papers?
A. T cmplete his fficial dcuments in Panama.
B. T sharpen his cricket skills in Jamaica.
C. T get a degree in medicine in the USA.
D. T wrk as a dentist in the USA.
9．What can we say abut the delay f Headley’s papers?
A. It affected his debut perfrmance.B. It became a turning pint in his life.
C. It benefited the England cricket team.D. It led t a missing chapter in cricket.
10．Why did the authr mentin the sng A Different Crner?
A. T stress the imprtance f chance.
B. T explain the necessity f planning ahead.
C. T shw the significance f the first impressins.
D. T illustrate a lve-hate relatinship with friends.
11．What des Gerge Headley’s career stry mainly tell us?
A. Practice makes perfect.
B. Little peple can make a big difference.
C. Effrts and chances are equally imprtant.
D. Nthing is impssible t a willing heart.
“Ging wireless is the future fr just abut everything!” That is a qute frm scientist Sreekanth Chalasani, and we can't help but agree. Realizing this, a team f scientists has made a breakthrugh tward wirelessly cntrlling human cells using sund, in a technique called “sngenetics（声遗传学）”.This cncept may seem strange but let us explain.
Basically，the term “sngenetics” means using ultrasund（超声波）t change the behavir f cells in a nn-invasive manner. “We already knw that ultrasund is safe, and that it can g thrugh bne, muscle and ther tissues, making it the ultimate tl fr cntrlling cells deep in the bdy,” says Chalasani.
Lw-frequency ultrasund waves can target a particular prtein that is sensitive t the signal. This research, published in Nature Cmmunicatins, fcused n TRPA1. When this prtein is stimulated thrugh the ultrasund waves, it als stimulates the cells which carry it. What type f cell is being stimulated depends n the utcme. Fr example, a muscle cell may cntract with stimulatin， r a neurn （神经元）in the brain will fire. In this experiment, scientists genetically marked cells with an increased cncentratin f TRPA1, making them the key targets f the ultrasund waves.
Currently, treating cnditins like Parkinsn's disease requires scientists t implant electrdes（电极）in the brain which stimulate certain disrdered cells. Researchers hpe that sngenetics can ne day replace these invasive treatments.
In the future, the team wants t adjust the placement and amunt f TRPAI arund the bdy using the gene treatment. Gene delivery techniques have already been shwn t be successful in humans, such as in treating blindness. Therefre, it's just a case f adjusting this thery t a different sund-based setting.
“Gene delivery techniques already exist fr getting a new gene---such as TRPA1---int the human heart,” Chalasani says. “If we can then use an external ultrasund device t activate thse cells, that culd really change pacemakers.” There is still a while t g befre this treatment can becme a reality. The future fr sngenetics, thugh, lks bright.
12．What's wrking principle fr sngenetics?
A.Using medicine interventinal therapies.
B. Changing cells' shape with new equipment.
C.Cntrlling cells in a nn-invasive manner.
D. Using a kind f unique medical cmpsitin.
13．What did the scientists d in the experiment?
A.Change the cncentratin f the prtein.
B.Find target cells fr treatment precisely.
C.Analyze the prtein sensitive t the sign.
D.Chse the type f cell t be stimulated.
14．What can we learn abut sngenetics frm paragraphs 4 and 5?
A. It can be applied t ther fields besides medicine.
B. It may replace sme traditinal medical therapies.
C. It will ttally transfrm gene delivery techniques.
D. It has succeeded in curing diseases like blindness.
15．What's the best title fr the text?
A.Can cells be cntrlled by sund?
B.Hw is sngenetics clinically used?
C. Are gene delivery techniques available?
D.What are applicatins f sngenetics?
二、七选五
16．Between childhd and adulthd, yu g thrugh many changes — jbs, regrettable haircuts and relatinships that cme and g. But what abut wh yu are at yur cre (核心)? ① _________
Persnality is the pattern f thughts, feelings and behavirs unique t a persn. Peple tend t think f persnality as fixed. But accrding t psychlgists (心理学家), that’s nt hw it wrks; persnality desn’t stay the same all yur life. ② _________
That’s nt t say that yu’re a different persn each day yu wake up. ③ _________ In a study, researchers fllwed sme adults fr many years until their early 70s. They discvered that adulthd’s persnality is actually stable in shrt time perids.
④ _________ They will lk at hw a child reacts t the wrld. Research suggests that ur childhd’s mds — fr example, whether we’re easy-ging r bad-tempered, willing r unwilling t apprach strangers — shape ur persnality f lder ages. ⑤ _________ If a child is always shy and withdrawn (离群的), he may grw int an unhappy teenager. On the cntrary, a happy childhd usually leads t a happy adulthd.
A. Instead, it changes — develps with age.
B. Grwing int adulthd, what d yu care abut?
C. As yu grw lder, des yur persnality change?
D. Hwever, yu dn’t have t be sad abut the change.
E. In fact, the change can’t even be nticed in the shrt term.
F. Psychlgists dn’t study children’s persnalities, hwever.
G. And these early mds seem t be related t ur later years f life.
三、完形填空（15空）
When the Cvid-19 pandemic struck Indnesia’s island f Bali, turism-the driving ecnmic frce in the regin-just abut came t a halt. Mre than half f Bali’s ecnmic prfits cmes frm turism which 1 hundreds f thusands f Balinese peple. Many mved back t their hme villages. And with mre peple returning t the villages, mre trash 2 . With s many peple ut f wrk，they were als ging 3 .
Made Janur Yasa, a restaurant wner in the twn f Ubud said he wanted t find a way t help peple in his cmmunity during the pandemic while als 4 the nging prblem f plastic pllutin. S, he 5 a prgram where lcal villagers culd exchange plastic fr rice—a barter system that wuld 6 the envirnment and empwer the lcal peple. Residents can turn in plastic trash they 7 in exchange fr a main fd staple.
In May 2020, he 8 the first exchange in the village where he was brn and raised. It was a success, and the 9 quickly spread t ther villages acrss Bali. His nn-prfit，Plastic Exchange, was brn.
The prgram 10 lcal neighbrhd grups called Banjars that cllect plastic frm their hmes, streets, rivers, beaches and surrunding areas. Villages hld cmmunity exchange 11 nce a mnth in which residents can bring in plastic t trade in fr rice. Yasa says the rganizatin has s far helped 12 thusands f families and cllected 13 300 tns f plastic fr recycling.
“Teenagers cme with a smile. Elderly peple are there. Yung kids cme with their mthers. That’s what keeps me 14 , t see them all excited abut it.” Yasa said. “They were feeling pwerless, and this gives them 15 .”
17．A. imprvesB. emplysC. amusesD. guarantees
18．A. piled upB. used upC. put upD. cleaned up
19．A. thirstyB. crazyC. exhaustedD. hungry
20．A. raisingB. sharingC. addressingD. prducing
21．A. startedB. quitC. acceptedD. supprted
22．A. renewB. benefitC. destryD. threaten
23．A. threwB. remvedC. cllectedD. witnessed
24．A. hstedB. cancelledC. apprachedD. impressed
25．A. principleB. definitinC. knwledgeD. cncept
26．A. sets upB. brings tgetherC. picks utD. depends n
27．A. practicesB. cntestsC. eventsD. beliefs
28．A. inspireB. disturbC. affectD. feed
29．A. hardlyB. nearlyC. barelyD. bviusly
30．A. gingB. passingC. rushingD. recrding
31．A. cnfidenceB. respnsibilityC. hpeD. respect
四、短文填空
32．Cnsisting f a bamb frame and a① _________ (beautiful) painted paper surface, Chinese il-paper umbrellas have lng been viewed as a symbl f China’s traditin f cultural craftsmanship and pctic beauty. Nt just are they an instrument t keep ff rain r sunlight, but als wrks f art② _________ (pssess) rick cultural significance and aesthetic (美的) value.
The first il-paper umbrellas appeared during Eastern Han Dynasty. Later, they③ _________ (bring) verseas t Japan and ancient Krca during the Tang Dynasty, which is④ _________ they are knwn as “Tang umbrellas”.
It takes quite a lt f time and effrt t make a traditinal Chinese il-paper umbrella⑤ _________ hand. Fr example, in Fenshui twnship in Luzhu, Sichuan Prvince, craftsmen must cmplete mre than 90 steps and use ver 100 different tls⑥ _________ (create) a single handmade il-paper umbrella.
Since the⑦ _________ (appear) f mdern mechanical umbrellas, traditinal il- paper umbrellas⑧ _________ (suffer) frm declining sales and⑨ _________ number f craftsmen has been n the decrease. Frtunately, with the inclusin f Fenshui il-paper umbrellas as ne f China’s natinal intangible cultural heritages in 2008, things have been imprving. These great items appear in many fashin shws and media publicatins due t the psitive publicity⑩ _________ they have received.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，为庆祝中华人民共和国成立72周年，你校学生会决定在国庆节前夕举办“我爱祖国”全校师生合唱比赛。请写封邮件邀请外教Mary观看。内容包括：
1.合唱比赛时间、地点；
2.比赛安排。
注意：合唱比赛chrus cmpetitin
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I shared cnfidently that I wanted t be a wife and mther. Everyne urged me t aim high. I culdn’t think f a higher calling, but they didn’t seem t understand including my parents. N ne did except ne cllege teacher, my English teacher. She encuraged me by telling me that she trusted my judgment and knew that in the end all wuld wrk ut fr me even if I fllwed my heart and chse t simply be a wife and mther. I was s grateful fr her understanding and encuraging wrds.
Well, life was gd as I pursued my gals. I did attend cllege while waiting fr my lve, wh was serving in the Navy t get back hme. I knew that I was really just buying time until ur marriage, but I had schlarships that tk care f the expense, s it seemed like a gd thing t d. Finally, we were married, and I was extremely happy with my chice t be a wife. Tw years later, we started ur family; and again, I knew that I’d made the right chice. Being a mther was s wnderful. We went n t have tw mre children, and I was blessed by being able t be a stay-at-hme mm. It was all I’d ever dreamed f. My parents gradually accepted my happiness.
When the day came that all ur little darlings were in schl, I began t pray abut what t d with the time I fund I had n my hands. Thrugh a series f events that culd be an entire stry f their wn, Gd let me knw withut a dubt that my next gal shuld be t becme a teacher. I was s excited! I mean, hw many peple get the chance t grw up and be exactly what they want and then d it again with a new dream? I decided t take educatin curses and was all set t begin classes in June f 1991.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Unfrtunately, n May 16, I received my husband’s bss’s call frm a nearby hspital.
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Help came just when I was struggling fr my dream.
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参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“This cllectin f nine shrt stries prbes int many f the same themes in Lisa Tadde’s belved ‘Three Wmen’, but discusses them in a sharper, mre disagreeable way.”（这本由九篇短篇小说组成的合集探讨了丽莎·塔迪欧深受喜爱的《三个女人》中的许多相同主题，但以一种更尖锐，令人不快的方式讨论了他们。）可知，该书与《三个女人》的主题相似，但叙事基调更尖锐。故选D项。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“In this remarkable title, Barbara Chase-Ribud tells her mther abut her develpment as an artist, her lve stries, and her trips arund the glbe, frm Africa t China.”（在这本引人注目的书中，Barbara Chase-Ribud 向她的母亲讲述了她作为一名艺术家的发展历程、她的爱情故事，以及她从非洲到中国的全球旅行。）可知，这本书的作者是Barbara Chase-Ribud。故选A项。
3．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“ Here are sme f the best bks f the year accrding t ntable artists, image-makers and ther cultural taste makers.”（以下是著名艺术家、形象塑造者和其他文化品位制造者评选出的年度最佳书籍。）可知，这三本书都是一些专家评选出的最佳年度书籍。故选D项。
4．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的"The cmpany says its aim is t free up rads and grunds paces that culd be used fr greenery, walkways and public leisure spaces(该公司表示,其目标是腾出道路和地面空间,用于绿化、人行道和公共休闲空间)"可推断出Oleg Zaretskiy说,公司的目标是腾出更多地面空间作其他用途。故选B。
5．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的"And by using less structural materials, it reduces carbne missins.(通过使用更少的结构材料,它减少了碳排放。)"可知,uSky吊舱的特点是它们是环保的。故选D。
6．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段的"The grund space is cmpletely ver-saturated, and peple are tired f traffic jams(地面空间完全饱和,人们也厌倦了交通堵塞。)"可知,地面很拥挤,因此划线词ver-saturated的意思是"拥挤的",即Crwded。A.Crwded拥挤的;B.Vast广阔的;C.Clean干净的;D.Empty空的。故选A。
7．答案：A
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是第一段的"Traffic jam is a prblem fr cities arund the ne cmpany believes the slutin is t build a netwrk f driverless high-speed pds(吊舱) that ride arund cities suspended(悬挂) frm a steel track(交通拥堵对世界各地的城市来说都是一个问题……但有一家公司认为,解决方案是建立一个无人驾驶高速吊舱网络,悬挂在钢铁轨道上,环绕城市行驶)"可知,本文主要介绍的是可以解决交通堵塞问题的高速吊舱,因此最好的题目是A选项“USky Pds Help Cities Slve Traffic Prblems(USky pd帮助城市解决交通问题)",故选A。
8．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Gerge Headley wuld have been a dentist in the USA rather than ne f the greatest cricketers (板球运动员) if he had gt his papers frm Panama n time. (如果乔治·黑德利及时从巴拿马拿到了他的文件，他现在可能是美国的一名牙医，而不是最伟大的板球运动员之一)”和第二段“The delay, hwever, gave Headley time t make his first-class debut (首次亮相) fr Jamaica against the visiting Lrd Tennysn’s XI frm England. These were his scres in the three first-class games in the series: 16, 40, and 71.(然而，这一延迟给了黑德利时间，让他有时间代表牙买加对阵来访的英国丁尼生勋爵十一队，完成了他的一级联赛首秀。这是他在系列赛中三场顶级比赛中的得分：16分、40分、71分)”可推知，乔治·黑德利在拿到文件之前决定在牙买加磨炼他的板球技术。故选B。
9．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“The delay, hwever, gave Headley time t make his first-class debut (首次亮相) fr Jamaica against the visiting Lrd Tennysn’s XI frm England. These were his scres in the three first-class games in the series: 16, 40, and 71. The rest, as they say, is histry. Yet, cnsider what might have ccurred if his dcuments had arrived n time and he had migrated t America. There wuld have been a missing chapter in cricket. (然而，这一延迟给了黑德利时间，让他在牙买加对阵来访的英格兰丁尼生勋爵XI队的比赛中首次亮相。这是他在系列赛中三场顶级比赛中的得分：16分、40分、71分。其余的，正如他们所说，是历史。然而，考虑一下如果他的文件按时到达并且他移民到美国可能会发生什么。板球运动可能会少一篇章)”可推知，他的文件没有按时到达给了他成为最伟大的板球运动员之一的机会，也就成为他人生的转折点，故选B。
10．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Headley’s ta le brings t the fre the rle that happenstance (偶然情况) plays in life. In the sng A Different Cmer, Gerge Michael lamented (哀叹) that a rmantic unin went wrng and suggested that it might have been better if circumstances had wrked t prevent their first meeting: “Take me back in time; maybe I can frget. Turn a different crner and we never wuld have met.” (黑德利的故事突出了偶然性在生活中所起的作用。在歌曲《不同的角落》中，乔治·迈克尔哀叹一段浪漫的结合出了问题，并暗示如果环境阻止了他们的第一次见面，情况可能会更好：“带我回到过去;也许我可以忘记。换个角度，我们就不会相遇了。”)”可知，本段主要说的就是偶然性在生活中所起的作用。由此可知，作者提到歌曲《不同的角落》是为了进一步证明这一主题，也就是机会的重要性。故选A。
11．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““The harder I practice, the luckier I get” is a qute nrmally used by sprtsmen t discunt the ccurrence r cnsequence f luck. Athletes like t think that whatever success they’ve had is nly dwn t them. T admit therwise is t devalue the skills and effrts. (“我练得越努力，我就越幸运”这句话通常被运动员用来贬低运气的发生或结果。运动员喜欢认为，他们取得的任何成功都只取决于他们自己。承认事实并非如此就是贬低了他们的技能和努力)”和最后一段“The changes in luck are a large part f why we watch sprts. It fsters uncertainty, which, in turn. enhances interest in the prcess and the result. On any given day, the underdg can be at the champin. Whenever that ccurs, luck is likely t have played sme significant part, and sprt is better fr it. (运气的变化是我们观看体育比赛的很大一部分原因。它助长了不确定性，而不确定性又反过来。增强对过程和结果的兴趣。在任何一天，失败者都可能成为冠军。无论何时发生这种情况，运气都可能发挥了重要作用，而体育运动则更好)”可推知，乔治·黑德利的职业生涯主要告诉我们机会和努力同等重要。故选C。
12．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Basically，the term "sngenetics" means using ultrasund（超声波）t change the behavir f cells in a nn-invasive manner.（基本上，"超声遗传学"一词意味着使用超声波以非侵入性的方式改变细胞的行为。）可知，生遗传学的工作原理是通过非入侵方式来控制细胞。故选C。
13．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Lw--frequency ultrasund waves can target a particular prtein that is sensitive t the signal.This research，published in Nature Cmmunicatins，fcused n TRPA1.When this prtein is stimulated thrugh the ultrasund waves，it als stimulates the cells which carry it.（低频超声波可以瞄准对信号敏感的特定蛋白质。这项研究发表在《自然通讯》上，重点关注TRPA1。当这种蛋白质受到超声波的刺激时，它也会刺激携带它的细胞。哪种类型的细胞受到刺激取决于结果。）及In this experiment，scientists genetically marked cells with an increased cncentratin f TRPA1，making them the key targets f the ultrasund waves.（在这个实验中，科学家们用基因标记了细胞中TRPA1浓度的增加，使它们成为超声波的关键目标。）可知，科学家通过干预细胞上的蛋白质TRPA1，使它们成为低频超声波的瞄准对象，从而刺激携带了这种蛋白质的细胞，从而达到治疗的目的，所以科学家在实验中做的是精确地找到治疗的目标细胞。故选B。
14．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段Currently，treating cnditins like Parkinsn's disease requires scientists t implant electrdes （电极） in the brain which stimulate certain disrdered cells.Researchers hpe that sngenetics can ne day replace these invasive treatments.（目前，治疗帕金森氏症等疾病需要科学家在大脑中植入电极来刺激某些紊乱的细胞。研究人员希望超声遗传学有朝一日能取代这些侵入性治疗。）及第五段In the future，the team wants t adjust the placement and amunt f TRPAI arund the bdy using the gene treatment.Gene delivery techniques have already been shwn t be successful in humans，such as in treating blindness.Therefre，it's just a case f adjusting this thery t a different sund-based setting.（未来，该团队希望通过基因治疗来调整TRPAI在身体周围的位置和数量。基因传递技术已经在人类身上被证明是成功的，比如在治疗失明方面。因此，这只是将这一理论调整到另一个不同的基于声音环境的案例。）可知，基因传递技术已经被证明是成功的，因而利用超声遗传学取代一些传统的侵入性治疗是有可能的。B．It may replace sme traditinal medical therapies.（它可能会取代一些传统的医学疗法。）符合文意，故选B。
15．答案：A
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段Realizing this，a team f scientists has made a breakthrugh tward wirelessly cntrlling human cells using sund，in a technique called "sngenetics（声遗传学）." （意识到这一点，一组科学家在利用声音无线控制人类细胞方面取得了突破，他们采用了一种被称为"声遗传学"的技术。）可知，文章主要围绕生遗传学，即利用声音控制细胞展开说明，接下来分段进一步说明了其原理、工作方式及发展前景，所以A．Can cells be cntrlled by sund？（细胞可以被声音控制吗？）以设问的方式，概括了文章的中心内容。故选A。
16．答案：①-⑤CAEFG
解析：①下文“Persnality is the pattern f thughts, feelings and behavirs unique t a persn. Peple tend t think f persnality as fixed.”（性格是一个人特有的思想、情感和行为模式。人们往往认为性格是固定不变的。）说明性格是人所固有的思想、情感和行为模式，C项中persnality是关键词，“随着年龄的增长，你的性格会改变吗？”承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
②上文“But accrding t psychlgists, that’s nt hw it wrks; persnality desn’t stay the same all yur life.”（但心理学家认为，这不是它的工作原理；性格并不是一辈子不变的。）说明性格是会发生变化的，A项“相反，它会随着年龄的增长而变化。”说明性格会随着年龄增长而变化，符合题意。故选A。
③上文“That’s nt t say that yu’re a different persn each day yu wake up.”（这并不是说你每天醒来都是一个不同的人。）说明性格并不是每天都有很大变化的，E项“事实上，这种变化甚至在短期内都不会被注意到。”说明短期内性格变化并不明显，符合题意。故选E。
④下文“They will lk at hw a child reacts t the wrld.”（他们将观察孩子对世界的反应。）说明研究人员会观察孩子们的行为，F项中Psychlgists和children’s persnalities是关键词，“然而，心理学家并不研究儿童的性格。”说明心理学家并不研究儿童的性格，他们只是观察孩子们的行为，符合题意。故选F。
⑤下文“If a child is always shy and withdrawn, he may grw int an unhappy teenager. On the cntrary, a happy childhd usually leads t a happy adulthd.”（如果一个孩子总是害羞和孤僻，他可能会成长为一个不快乐的青少年。相反，快乐的童年通常会带来快乐的成年。）说明孩子小时候的情绪会影响之后的生活，G项“这些早期的情绪似乎与我们之后的生活有关。”符合题意。故选G。
17．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴厘岛一半以上的经济利润来自旅游业，旅游业为巴厘岛提供了成千上万的就业机会。A. imprves改善；B. emplys使用，雇佣；C. amuses逗乐；D. guarantees保证。根据上文“Mre than half f Bali’s ecnmic prfits cmes frm turism which”可知，巴厘岛一半以上的经济利润来自旅游业，说明旅游业给巴厘岛的居民提供了许多就业机会，故选B。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着越来越多的人返回村庄，更多的垃圾堆积起来。A. piled up堆积；B. used up用完；C. put up提供；D. cleaned up清理。根据上文“And with mre peple returning t the villages, mre trash”可知返回村庄的人多了，垃圾也就堆积起来了。故选A。
19．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么多人失业，他们也在挨饿。A. thirsty口渴的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据上文“With s many peple ut f wrk”以及后文提供食物的项目，可知人们失业在挨饿。故选D。
20．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：乌布镇的餐馆老板Made Janur Yasa表示，他想找到一种方法，在疫情期间帮助社区的人们，同时解决持续存在的塑料污染问题。A. raising提升；B. sharing分享；C. addressing讲话，解决；D. prducing产生。根据后文“the nging prblem f plastic pllutin”指解决塑料污染问题，应用address。故选C。
21．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他启动了一个项目，让当地村民用塑料换大米——这是一个有利于环境和增强当地人民能力的易货系统。A. started开始，启动；B. quit停止；C. accepted接受；D. supprted支持。根据后文“a prgram where lcal villagers culd exchange plastic fr rice—a barter system that wuld”指启动了一个让当地村民用塑料换大米的项目，应用start。故选A。
22．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他启动了一个项目，让当地村民用塑料换大米——这是一个有利于环境和增强当地人民能力的易货系统。A. renew重新开始；B. benefit受益；C. destry破坏；D. threaten威胁。根据上文“lcal villagers culd exchange plastic fr rice”可知，村民可以用塑料换大米，所以是有利于环境的，故选B。
23．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：居民可以上交他们收集的塑料垃圾，以换取主要的主食。A. threw扔；B. remved移开；C. cllected收集；D. witnessed目击。根据上文“Residents can turn in plastic trash they”指上交收集的塑料垃圾。后文“and cllected ”也是提示。故选C。
24．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年5月，他在他出生和长大的村庄主持了第一次交换。A. hsted主持；B. cancelled取消；C. apprached靠近；D. impressed印象深刻。根据上文“the first exchange in the village where he was brn and raised”指主持第一次垃圾换大米活动，应用hst。故选A。
25．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一成功的概念迅速传播到整个巴厘岛的其他村庄。A. principle原则；B. definitin定义；C. knwledge知识；D. cncept概念。结合上文“the envirnment and empwer the lcal peple”可知“垃圾换大米”这一想法对环境和当地人都有益，所以是成功的概念。故选D。
26．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：该项目将当地名为Banjars的社区组织聚集在一起，从他们的家里、街道、河流、海滩和周边地区收集塑料。A. sets up建立；B. brings tgether集合，聚集；C. picks ut选出；D. depends n取决于。根据后文“lcal neighbrhd grups called Banjars that cllect plastic frm their hmes, streets, rivers, beaches and surrunding areas”可知，当地的社区都开始从他们的家里、街道、河流、海滩和周边地区收集塑料，说明项目把这些都聚集在了一起，故选B。
27．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：村庄每月举行一次社区交换活动，居民可以拿塑料换大米。A. practices实践；B. cntests竞赛；C. events事件，活动；D. beliefs信念。根据后文“nce a mnth”可知交换活动每月一次，应用event。故选C。
28．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Yasa说，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助养活了数千个家庭，并收集了近300吨塑料用于回收。A. inspire激励；B. disturb打扰；C. affect影响；D. feed喂养。根据后文“thusands f families”可知，“垃圾换大米”帮助养活了数千个家庭。故选D。
29．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：Yasa说，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助养活了数千个家庭，并收集了近300吨塑料用于回收。A. hardly几乎不；B. nearly差不多；C. barely几乎不；D. bviusly显然。根据后文“300 tns f plastic fr recycling”可知此处是在描述收集到的垃圾大概数量，nearly表示“差不多，将近”符合语境。故选B。
30．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我前进的动力，看到他们都很兴奋。A. ging前进；B. passing通过；C. rushing猛冲；D. recrding记录。根据后文“t see them all excited abut it”可知，Yasa看到人们对此都积极参与，感到兴奋，有了继续前进的动力，故选A。
31．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他们感到力不从心，而这给了他们希望。”A. cnfidence自信；B. respnsibility责任；C. hpe希望；D. respect尊重。根据上文“They were feeling pwerless, and this gives them”以及上文描述的项目所取得的成就可知，这一活动给了当地人生活下去的希望。故选C。
32．答案：①beautifully②pssessing③were brught④why⑤by⑥t create⑦appearance⑧have suffered⑨the⑩that/which
解析：①考查副词。句意：油纸伞由竹制框架和精美的纸面组成，长期以来一直被视为中国传统文化工艺和诗性美的象征。修饰形容词painted，用副词形式。故填beautifully。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：它们不仅是遮风挡雨的工具，而且是具有丰富文化意义和美学价值的艺术品。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语修饰名词短语wrks f art，且与其逻辑主语wrks f art为主动关系，所以应填现在分词pssessing表主动，表示“拥有，具有”。故填pssessing。
③考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：后来，在唐朝(618—907年)，它们被带到海外的日本和古代朝鲜，这就是为什么它们被称为“唐伞”。根据时间状语during the Tang Dynasty，空处谓语动词应填一般过去时，且与主语they之间为被动关系，要与主语they保持主谓一致，用复数。故填were brught。
④考查名词性从句。句意：后来，在唐朝(618-07年)，它们被带到海外的日本和古代朝鲜，这就是为什么它们被称为“唐伞”。分析句子可知，空处引导一个表语从句作系动词is的表语，且从句缺状语，应用连接副词引导，又根据句意可知，所以填连接副词why，表示“为什么”，符合语境。故填why。
⑤考查介词。句意：手工制作一把传统的中国油纸伞需要花费相当多的时间和精力。by hand为固定搭配，表示“手工地”。故填by。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在四川泸州汾水镇，工匠们必须完成90多个步骤，使用100多种不同的工具才能制作出一把手工油纸伞。此处涉及固定句型use sth. t d，表示“用某物做某事”，用不定式作目的状语。故填t create。
⑦考查名词。句意：自从现代机械伞出现以来，传统油纸伞的销量一直在下降，而工匠的数量也在减少。the +名词+f。故填appearance。
⑧考查时态。句意：自从现代机械伞出现以来，传统油纸伞的销量一直在下降，而工匠的数量也在减少。根据时间状语Since the appearance f mdern mechanical umbrellas可知，空处谓语动词应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，对现在造成的影响。且要与主语traditinal il-paper umbrellas保持主谓一致，用复数，即have suffered。故填have suffered。
⑨考查冠词。句意：自从现代机械伞出现以来，传统油纸伞的销量一直在下降，而工匠的数量也在减少。空处涉及固定结构the number f，表示“……的数量”。故填the。
⑩考查定语从句。句意：由于受到了积极的宣传，这些伟大的作品出现在许多时装表演和媒体出版物中。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词publicity，指物，并在从句中作received的宾语，所以填关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。
33．答案：
Dear Mary,
Hw is everything ging? I'm writing t tell yu the news that a chrus cmpetitin will be held in ur schl. I'm mre than glad t invite yu t attend it.
In rder t celebrate the upcming 72nd anniversary f the funding f the Peple's Republic f China, the Students' Unin has decided t hld a chrus cmpetitin, whse theme is "Lve ur Mtherland". As scheduled, the cntest will take place n the afternn f September 29th in the schl hall, lasting fr 3 hurs, frm 2: 00 pm t 5: 00 pm. Besides, students and teachers f each class will be required t wear schl unifrms and sing varieties f wnderful sngs tgether t shw ur deep lve fr the mtherland. Then the class wh sings best will be awarded with a big prize by the headmaster. It can be f great fun and meaningful, which will leave a deep impressin n yu.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd accept my invitatin. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
通知：tell→ infrm
高兴的：happy→ glad
比赛：cntest→ cmpetitin
参加：attend→ jin
各种各样的：all kinds f→ varieties f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, students and teachers f each class will be required t wear schl unifrms and sing varieties f wnderful sngs tgether t shw ur deep lve fr the mtherland.
拓展句：Besides, students and teachers, wh are frm each class will be required t wear schl unifrms and sing varieties f wnderful sngs tgether t shw ur deep lve fr the mtherland.
【高分句型1】I'm writing t tell yu the news that a chrus cmpetitin will be held in ur schl.（运用了由that引导的同位语从句）
【高分句型2】Then the class wh sings best will be awarded with a big prize by the headmaster.（运用了由wh引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型3】It can be f great fun and meaningful, which will leave a deep impressin n yu.（运用了由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
34．答案： Unfrtunately, n May 16, I received my husband’s bss’s call frm a nearby hspital. Sadly, my husband was in an accident that resulted in his having t have his arm cut. He was left unable t wrk. While it was evident then that we wuld actually need fr me t g t wrk, we weren’t sure exactly hw we’d be able t put me thrugh the curses with neither f us wrking. I had pstpned starting schl in June, but by August I went ahead with my plan t finish the curses fr my degree in educatin. There were many times that we weren’t sure we culd “make it”.
Help came just when I was struggling fr my dream. One Christmas we weren’t sure abut the next semester, s we asked my father if he and mm wuld buy my bks fr that term instead f ther Christmas gifts. He immediately wrte me a check that cvered nt just my bks but the next semester’s tuitin as well. Happily, nt lng after that I was awarded a nntraditinal student schlarship and anther smaller schlarship that I’d applied fr. Yu see, the big schlarship that I was awarded had been funded by the very same teacher wh 20 years earlier had encuraged me t d what I knew was right in my heart.
解析：1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“不幸的是，5月16日，我接到了丈夫老板从附近医院打来的电话。”可知，丈夫受伤后“我”面临的困难和“我”做出的努力。
②由第二段句首内容“就在我为梦想而奋斗的时候，救援来了。”可知，第二段可以描写帮助我的人和如何帮助，以及“我”最后的成就。
2.续写线索：接到电话—得知丈夫住院—推迟课程—得到帮助—继续学业—成功
3.词汇激活
行为类
①使某人通过：put sb. thrugh/ make sb. pass thrugh
②推迟：pstpne/ put ff/ delay
③成功：make it/ succeed
情绪类
①令人伤心的是：sadly/ bitterly
②令人高兴的是：happily/ gladly
【高分句型1】 One Christmas we weren’t sure abut the next semester, s we asked my father if he and mm wuld buy my bks fr that term instead f ther Christmas gifts.( 运用了if引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】He immediately wrte me a check that cvered nt just my bks but the next semester’s tuitin as well. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型3】Happily, nt lng after that I was awarded a nntraditinal student schlarship and anther smaller schlarship that I’d applied fr. ( 运用了that引导的定语从句)