湖南省长沙市2024年中考模拟考试卷 听力+考卷（含解析）+答题卡

这是一份湖南省长沙市2024年中考模拟考试卷 听力+考卷（含解析）+答题卡，文件包含湖南省长沙市2024年中考模拟考试卷考卷docx、答题卡pdf、听力mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共21页， 欢迎下载使用。
I．听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共5小题，计5分）
1．Whse sccer ball might it be?
A．Bb’s.B．Jane’s.C．Paul’s.
2．What will the man d this weekend?
A．G camping.B．Stay at hme.C．Shp with family.
3．Where des the cnversatin happen?
A．At schl.B．At hme.C．At a restaurant.
4．What des the man say abut Park Restaurant?
A．The envirnment is gd. B．The service is gd.C．The fd is cheap.
5．Why desn’t the man like Hng Kng?
A．Because it’s crwded.B．Because it’s nisy.C．Because it’s bring.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听一段材料，回答下面几个小题。
6．Hw d the speakers feel nw?
A．Mved.B．Tired.C．Angry.
7．What have they just dne?
A．They have had a pizza fr dinner.
B．They have been t a cncert.
C．They have dne sme sprts.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8．What is Linda ding?
A．Writing a reprt.B．Playing sprts.C．Reading a bk.
9．When can Linda lend the bk t the man?
A．Next Friday.B．Next Saturday.C．Next Sunday.
听一段材料，回答下面几个小题。
10．What’s the relatinship between the tw speakers?
A．Mther and sn.B．Teacher and student.C．Brther and sister.
11．What will Bill d next?
A．Check the sccer scre.B．Clean the phne screen.C．Put away the phne.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
12．What is the speech abut?
A．What t d n weekends.
B．Hw t keep safe in a fire.
C．Where t g when there is a fire.
13．Hw much is a ticket fr the speech?
A．10 yuan.B．20 yuan.C．Free.
14．Hw will the speakers g t the City Hall?
A．By bus.B．By bike.C．By subway.
听材料，回答以下各小题。
15．Where did Allisn prbably wrk in the past?
A．In a hspital.B．In a schl.C．In a cmpany.
16．Wh taught Allisn Chinese?
A．Her mum.B．Her friend.C．Her grandma.
17．Hw lng will Allisn wrk at her new jb?
A．Fr ne year.B．Fr tw years.C．Fr three years.
听下面一段独白，完成以下小题。
18．When did Li Ming and his classmates enter the Science Museum?
A．At 8: 30 a.m. B．At 8: 50 a.m. C．At 9: 20 a.m.
19．What did they learn abut n the secnd flr?
A．Printing.B．Space.C．Old cars.
20．What’s the material mainly abut?
A．A trip t a museum.B．Sme rules in a museum.C．The histry f a museum
II．阅读（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 （共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
21．The museum is pen fr ________ hurs n Friday.
A．sixB．eightC．ten
22．Hw lng has Hng Kng been back t China?
A．Fr 24 years.B．Fr 25 years.C．Fr 26 years.
23．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the reading?
A．Each f the visitrs shuld pay HK $50 fr the ticket.
B．We can nly see the treasures frm Beijing in the museum.
C．The museum is f great histrical imprtance t Hng Kng.
B
The Mga Caves are a very special place in China, which are lcated in Dunhuang, Gansu Prvince. The Mga Caves are thusands f years ld and were listed as a wrld heritage (遗产) site by UNESCO in 1987.
Many peple, including archaelgists (考古学家) and researchers, wrk hard t take care f the Mga Caves and learn mre abut them . Fan Jinshi is ne f them .
Fan was brn in Beijing n July 9, 1938. Her father was a graduate f Tsinghua University and had a strng interest in Chinese classical art and culture.
Influenced by her father, Fan liked visiting museums when she was in middle schl. With the great lve f Chinese culture, she studied in the archaelgy department in Peking University and graduated in 1963. Then she started wrking at Dunhuang and has wrked there ever since. She spends almst 60 years taking care f Dunhuang. Peple call her the “Daughter f Dunhuang”.
On May 4, 2023, “Daughter f Dunhuang” Fan Jinshi returned t Peking University and brught back 10 millin RMB dnatins t set up the Fan Jinshi Educatin Fund (基金) t ▲ .
“Mney made shuld be spent in the right way. Peple cannt nly think f themselves,” she said. “Hpefully the setting f the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the university, s it can raise cultural cnfidence and strength.”
24．Hw lng has Fan Jinshi wrked at Dunhuang?
A．Fr almst frty years.B．Fr abut eighty years.C．Fr almst sixty years.
25．What des the underlined wrd “ them” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Archaelgists.B．The Mga Caves.C．Researchers.
26．Which f the fllwing can be put int “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5?
A．tell peple mre abut Dunhuang and teach the classical art
B．take care f the Mga Caves and learn mre abut them
C．supprt the research f Dunhuang studies at Peking University
27．What ’s the best title fr the passage?
A．Prtecting Dunhuang
B．Fan Jinshi: “Daughter f Dunhuang”
C．Helping Dunhuang Studies
C
Labr educatin (劳动教育) is an imprtant part f a student’s verall develpment. It nt nly helps students learn practical skills but als teaches them the value f hard wrk and respnsibility. Thrugh labr educatin, students get the chance t take part in all kinds f activities like gardening, cleaning, and craft-making (手工制作).
Gardening is a great way t intrduce students t the wnders f nature. It teaches them abut plant grwth, sil prtectin, and the imprtance f green spaces. By taking care f plants, students learn patience and respnsibility. Gardening als prvides a relaxing envirnment where students can clear their minds and fcus (注意) better.
Cleaning, n the ther hand, helps students understand the imprtance f keeping clean and tidy. It teaches them t be thankful fr a clean envirnment and t take pride in their wrk. Thrugh cleaning, students learn the value f teamwrk and cperatin (合作) as they wrk tgether t keep their schl r classrm tidy.
Craft-making activities allw students t be creative. They can express their ideas and feelings thrugh different kinds f materials like paper, clth, r wd. Craft-making helps students t imprve their imaginatin and encurages students t think utside the bx. It als helps in develping fine mtr skills (精细动手技能) and hand-eye crdinatin (协调).
Labr educatin, therefre, plays an imprtant rle in shaping students int respnsible and hard-wrking nes. It makes their schl learning better by prviding practical experiences that are gd fr students’ persnal and scial develpment.
28．What is the main purpse f labr educatin in schls?
A．T intrduce students t new subjects.
B．T teach practical skills and the value f hard wrk.
C．T prepare students fr future jbs.
29．________ is a great way t intrduce students t the wnders f nature.
A．GardeningB．CleaningC．Craft-making
30．What des the article mainly discuss?
A．The benefits f utdr activities in schls.
B．The imprtance f labr educatin in schls.
C．The rle f teachers in labr educatin.
31．Accrding t the article, which skill cannt be imprved thrugh craft-making?
A．Imaginatin.B．Creativity.C．Reading.
第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余项。
D yu like watching films? Tday let’s knw abut sme special films.
Animatin (动画片)
Animatin is ne f the ldest special kinds in the film wrld. It began in the early 1900s. It is nt difficult but it des take a lt f time and hard wrk.
First, smene paints r draws a picture. Then they take a picture f it. They make anther picture, which is just a little bit different frm the first ne, and take anther picture. 32
Animated films f any kind take a lt f time t make, but in the end, these special films are tuching, funny r simply amazing.
IMAX films
IMAX is shrt fr “Image Maximum (巨幕电影)”. When yu watch an IMAX film, yu dn’t sit up—yu lie back. 33 The screen is abve, in frnt f and arund yu.
In rder t create its effects, IMAX films use different theatres, cameras and film frm ther mvies. Mst IMAX theatres are in museums, science centers and theme (主题) parks. The IMAX camera is very large and uses a lt f film. It is als very heavy. 34
3-D films
3-D films are nt new. They first appeared in 1903. The inventrs wanted viewers t feel like they were really inside the mvie they were watching! When yu watch a 3-D mvie, yu feel as if the peple n the screen are clse enugh t tuch and that the airplane flying at yu is flying right ff the screen.
35 Usually, ne side f the glasses is red and the ther is light blue. If yu lk at the image belw with these special glasses, yu’ll see the 3-D effect.
A．This is why mst IMAX films are nly abut 40—60 minutes lng.
B．Yu can als stand up if yu like.
C．This is repeated at least 12 times t make ne secnd f film!
D．Yu dn’t lk at a screen in frnt f yu.
E．T watch 3-D films, yu must wear special glasses.
III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, the expressin “suthern spuds (南方土豆)” becmes ppular.
Thanks t Harbin, the 36 f Nrtheast China’s Heilngjiang prvince has created a strm n scial media. Harbin has been 37 attracted turists frm suthern China and these visitrs are 38 as “nanfang xiatudu” r “suthern spuds”. The meaning behind this nickname (绰号) may nt describe the 39 f peple in suthern China, but create a sense f warmth and familiarity fr suthern turists.
40 the three-day New Year hliday, the number f visitrs reached 3 millin, getting abut 5.9 billin yuan ($826.75 millin). The 41 behind Harbin’s ppularity is ffering its almst perfect service t turists: The lcal frzen pears (冻梨) that are 42 small pieces; the classical cncerts in shpping malls; the “mn” ver the St. Sphia Cathedral (圣索菲亚大教堂) and the ht air ballns ver the Snghua River—all f these shw that 43 the city is less mdern, it has made an effrt t prvide the best 44 .
Harbin has set a successful 45 by fcusing n ffering truly warmth and better service, which will als benefit (获益) ther cities.
36．A．cityB．capitalC．twn
37．A．bravelyB．patientlyC．actively
38．A．tldB．askedC．called
39．A．beautyB．buildC．weight
40．A．FrB．SinceC．During
41．A．disadvantageB．secretC．methd
42．A．change intB．cut intC．put int
43．A．whileB．becauseC．althugh
44．A．decisinB．serviceC．develpment
45．A．exampleB．jurneyC．experience
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jhn and Bbby jined the same cmpany tgether. Several 46 (year) later, hwever, the bss prmted (提拔) Bbby t be a manager but Jhn was still a wrker. Jhn culd nt accept it, and wanted t leave the cmpany. Because he thught that he wrked 47 (hard) than Bbby.
The bss thught fr 48 mment and said, “Thank yu 49 what yu said, but I hpe yu will d ne mre thing fr ur cmpany befre yu leave.” Jhn agreed. The bss asked him t g and find anyne selling watermelns (西瓜) in the market. Jhn went and returned 50 (quick). He said he had fund a man selling watermelns. The bss asked abut the price f the watermelns. Jhn 51 (shake) his head and had t g back t ask.
The bss tld Jhn 52 (wait) a secnd, and he called Bbby t g and find anyne selling watermelns in the market. Bbby went and returned, saying, “Bss, nly ne persn is selling watermelns. $1.2 every kilgram, and $10 fr 10 kilgrams. The seller has 340 watermelns. Each watermeln weighs abut 2 kilgrams. They 53 (bring) frm the Suth tw days ag. All f 54 (they) are f gd quality (质量).”
Hearing what Bbby said, Jhn immediately (立即) realized the difference between himself 55 Bbby. He decided t stay and learn frm Bbby.
第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Rbert Kurtz finds himself wrking right in the middle f a cmpsting (肥料) revlutin (革命). Kurtz is a manager at Rust Belt Riders. The cmpsting cmpany is based in Cleveland, Ohi. Its gal is t fight against climate (气候) change by recycling as much fd waste as pssible.
“If we want t meet the climate gals, we have t deal with fd waste,” Kurtz tld Yur Ht Jb. “It’s a huge part f the prblem.”
Wasted fd ends up in landfills. As it breaks dwn, it creates a gas called methane (沼气). Methane traps heat in the air. And that increases climate change.
The United States Envirnmental Prtectin Agency says the average family in the U.S. spends $1, 500 per year n fd that desn’t get eaten. Businesses waste fd t.
Every day, Kurtz cntacts grcery stres, restaurants, and ther fd-service businesses. He educates them abut the harm f fd waste. Then he asks if they’re willing t change the way they get rid f their extra fd.
S far, Rust Belt Riders has persuaded (劝说) 300 cmpanies and 2,800 husehlds t d smething differently with their fd waste. The cmpany’s seven trucks and 30 emplyees pick up the extra fd. Then they cmpst it, turning it int sil.
Cmpst sil is much mre than just dirt. It’s made up f five ingredients t help plants grw better. That’s why Kurtz and his wrkmates at Rust Belt Riders ffer a secnd service: They sell the cmpsted, rich sil t peple and businesses that need it.
56．What is the gal f Rust Belt Riders?

57．Why is fd waste harmful?

58．Hw d peple in Rust Belt Riders deal with the cllected fd waste?

59．Why is cmpst sil much mre than just dirt?

60．What d yu think f Rbert Kurtz’s jb?

IV．写作（满分15分）
61．假定你是张鹏，你的外国笔友Lucas打算下个月来中国旅游，请你按要求用英语写一封电子邮件，向他推荐一下长沙。
要求：
（1）你推荐的理由；
（2）他可以在那里做些什么；
（3）有哪些要注意的礼仪。
提示：
臭豆腐 stinky tfu；岳麓山 Yuelu Muntain；橘子洲 Orange Island；礼仪 etiquette
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）文中不能出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息。
Dear Lucas,
Welcme t China! ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Zhang Peng
香港故宫 Hng Kng Palace Museum
Address
West Kwln Culture District, 8 Museum Drive, Kwln
Opening hurs
Mn., Wed., Thur. ＆ Sun. 10:00
a.m.—06:00 p.m.
Fri., Sat. ＆ Public Hliday 10:00
a.m.—08:00 p.m.
Tickets
HK $50 fr adults; HK $25 fr children (aged 7—11) , full time students and senir (aged 60 and up)
What t shw
Over 900 priceless treasures frm the Palace Museum in Beijing, including paintings and ancient bks. Many f them are shwn in Hng Kng fr the first time. Artwrks frm ther parts f the wrld.
Ntes
Please buy the ticket befre yur visit.
Children 6 years ld r yunger can enter the museum fr free.
Imprtance
T celebrate the 25th anniversary (周年) f Hng Kng return t the mtherland. T shw the special histrical, cultural, artistic significance (意义) f the museum.
参考答案：
1．A
【原文】M: Lk, Jane. Whse sccer ball is this? Is it Paul’s?
W: N. It might be Bb’s. He is n the schl sccer team.
2．B
【原文】W: Wuld yu like t jin us in camping this weekend?
M: I’m afraid nt. I just want t stay at hme with my family.
3．B
【原文】W: I’ve cleaned the bedrm and the living rm. Ding chres is s hard fr me.
M: That’s true, dear. Why nt have a glass f milk and rest fr a while.
4．C
【原文】W: D yu ften g t Park Restaurant t eat?
M: Yes, it has the best fd. And its fd is the cheapest.
5．A
【原文】W: I wuld like t find a jb in Hng Kng after graduatin. Hw abut yu?
M: I wn’t g there. I dn’t like places which are t crwded.
6．B 7．C
【原文】M: That was great, wasn’t it?
W: Yes, everyne did really well tday but I’m tired nw and my legs hurt! I’m ging t g straight hme and ask mum if I can have a pizza fr dinner.
M: I’m ging t lie n my bed and listen t music all evening.
W: Gd idea! We’ve dne s much exercise tday!
8．C 9．A
【原文】M: What are yu ding, Linda?
W: I’m reading a bk abut great peple in histry.
M: Ww! That must be interesting!
W: Yes. In fact, I have t write a reprt abut a great persn.
M: A reprt? Wh are yu ging t write abut?
W: Yuan Lngping. He was China’s mst famus “farmer”.
M: Can yu lend me the bk after yu finish the reprt?
W: Sure. I can lend the bk t yu next Friday.
10．A 11．C
【原文】W: Bill, culd yu stp using yur phne while having dinner?
M: I’m just checking the sccer scre.
W: Yu’d better nt spend s much time n yur phne. It’s really bad fr yur eyes. And it’s very dirty t tuch the screen when yu are eating.
M: I’m srry, Mm.
W: Put away yur phne and enjy yur dinner.
М. OK.
12．B 13．C 14．B
【原文】W: Jack, d yu have any plans fr the cming weekend?
M: Yes, Nancy. There is ging t be a speech in the City Hall this weekend. I want t listen t it.
W: What is the speech abut?
M: It’s abut hw t keep safe in a fire.
W: Listening t a speech is bring.
M: But it’s useful fr us. We shuld knw hw t prtect urselves when there is a fire.
W: Yu are right. Can I listen t the speech with yu?
M: Of curse! Yu just need t get a ticket nline.
W: Hw much is it?
M: Oh, it’s free.
W: Great! When will the speech begin?
M: At 2:00 in the afternn n Saturday. We can ride there tgether.
15．A 16．C 17．C
【详解】M: Allisn, I’ve heard yu gt a new jb in Califrnia. Cngratulatins!
W: Thanks.
M: Will yu still wrk in a hspital?
W: N. My new jb is t teach Chinese in a language schl.
M: I didn’t knw yu speak Chinese. Hw did yu learn it?
W: I learned it frm my grandma. She used t wrk in a Chinese cmpany.
M: S, will yu cme back sme day?
W: Of curse. I plan t wrk there fr three years. All my friends are here, yu knw.
M: Well, I’m sure yu’ll make sme new friends there.
18．B 19．A 20．A
【原文】
Last Sunday Li Ming and his classmates had a trip t the Science Museum. At 8:30 they arrived there. There were lts f peple, s they waited in line. After 20 minutes, they entered the museum. In mst museums, visitrs aren’t allwed t make nises, take phts r tuch anything, but the Science Museum is different. Visitrs are allwed t d what they like. Li Ming and his classmates learned a lt abut science. A mtr shw was n the first flr. They saw ld cars and buses frm as early as the 1920s. The secnd flr is the Print Rm. It’s abut the histry f printing. And then they went t the third flr where they learned abut space travel. Time passed quickly. They left the museum at 2 ’clck in the afternn.
21．C 22．B 23．C
【导语】本文介绍了香港故宫博物馆的营业时间，票价等信息。
21．细节理解题。根据“Fri., Sat. ＆ Public Hliday 10:00 a.m.—08:00 p.m.”可知，博物馆周五营业10个小时。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“T celebrate the 25th anniversary (周年) f Hng Kng return t the mtherland”可知，香港回归祖国有25年了。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“T shw the special histrical, cultural, artistic significance (意义) f the museum”可知，该博物馆对香港具有重要的历史意义。故选C。
24．C 25．B 26．C 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被誉为“敦煌女儿”的樊锦诗在保护莫高窟上所付出的努力和做出的贡献。
24．细节理解题。根据第四段“Then she started wrking at Dunhuang and has wrked there ever since. She spends almst 60 years taking care f Dunhuang.”可知樊锦诗在敦煌工作了约六十年。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Many peple, including archaelgists (考古学家) and researchers, wrk hard t take care f the Mga Caves and learn mre abut them.”可知them代指的是前面提到的the Mga Caves。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hpefully the setting f the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the university”可知成立樊锦诗教育基金是为了支持敦煌非遗成果在大学的研究，选项C“支持北京大学敦煌研究”符合语境。故选C。
27．最佳标题题。根据“Then she started wrking at Dunhuang and has wrked there ever since. She spends almst 60 years taking care f Dunhuang. Peple call her the ‘Daughter f Dunhuang’.”并通读全文可知文章主要介绍了被人们誉为“敦煌女儿”的樊锦诗的努力和贡献，因此选项B“樊锦诗：‘敦煌之女’”适合作为本文的标题。故选B。
28．B 29．A 30．B 31．C
【导语】本文主要讨论了学校劳动教育的重要性。
28． 细节理解题。根据“It nt nly helps students learn practical skills but als teaches them the value f hard wrk and respnsibility.”可知，劳动教育不仅帮助学生学习实用技能，还教会他们努力工作和承担责任的价值。故选B。
29． 细节理解题。根据“Gardening is a great way t intrduce students t the wnders f nature.”可知，园艺是向学生介绍自然奇观的好方法。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。根据“Labr educatin (劳动教育) is an imprtant part f a student’s verall develpment.”和全文可知，文章主要讨论了学校劳动教育的重要性。故选B。
31． 细节理解题。根据“Craft-making activities allw students t be helps students t imprve their imaginatin”可知，工艺制作活动可以让学生有创造力和想象力，故选C。
32．C 33．D 34．A 35．E
【导语】本文介绍了几种特别的电影。
32．根据“Then they take a picture f it. They make anther picture, which is just a little bit different frm the first ne, and take anther picture”可知，第一步需要反复拍照。选项C“这至少要重复12次才能制作出一秒钟的电影！”符合语境，故选C。
33．根据“The screen is abve, in frnt f and arund yu.”可知，此处和看的屏幕有关。选项D“你不会看你面前的屏幕。”符合语境，故选D。
34．根据“The IMAX camera is very large and uses a lt f film. It is als very heavy.”可知，IMAX摄影机很大，用了很多胶卷。它也很重。选项A“这就是为什么大多数IMAX电影只有40—60分钟长。”符合语境，故选A。
35．根据“Usually, ne side f the glasses is red and the ther is light blue”可知，介绍看3D电影的眼镜。选项E“要看3D电影，你必须戴上特殊的眼镜。”符合语境，故选E。
36．B 37．C 38．C 39．B 40．C 41．B 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A
【导语】本文介绍了网络流行词汇 “南方小土豆” 的由来以及哈尔滨旅游业的发展盛况。
36．句意：多亏了哈尔滨，中国东北黑龙江省的省会在社交媒体上引发了一场风暴。
city城市；capital省会；twn城镇。根据“Thanks t Harbin, Nrtheast China’s Heilngjiang prvince ”和常识可知，哈尔滨是黑龙江省会城市。故选B。
37．句意：哈尔滨一直积极吸引着来自中国南方的游客，这些游客被称为 “南方小土豆” 或 “南方土豆”。
bravely勇敢地；patiently耐心地； actively积极地。根据“Harbin has turists frm suthern China”可知，哈尔滨积极吸引南方游客。故选C。
38．句意：这些游客被称为 “南方小土豆” 或 “南方土豆”。
tld告诉；asked要求；called叫作。根据“these visitrs ‘nanfang xiatudu’ r ‘suthern spuds’. ”可知，南方游客被叫作 “南方小土豆”。故选C。
39．句意：这个昵称背后的含义并不能描述中国南方人的体格，但却给南方游客带来了一种温暖熟悉的感觉。
beauty美丽；build体格，体形；weight体重。根据“ ‘nanfang xiatudu’ ”和“but create a sense f warmth and familiarity fr suthern turists.”可知，南方游客被称作小土豆不是因为体格像小土豆，而是为游客创造一种温暖熟悉的感觉。故选B。
40．句意：在为期三天的新年假期中，游客人数达到300万，收入约59亿元人民币 (8. 2675亿美元)。
Fr为了；Since自从；During在……期间。根据“... the three-day New Year hliday”可知，指的是在3天的假期期间。故选C。
41．句意：哈尔滨受欢迎背后的秘诀是为游客提供了近乎完美的服务。
disadvantage劣势；secret秘密，秘诀；methd方法。根据“behind Harbin’s ppularity”可知，指的是背后的秘诀。故选B。
42．句意：当地的冻梨被切成小块。
change int把……变成；cut int pieces把……切块；put int放入，投入。根据“The lcal frzen pears (冻梨) that are... small pieces”可知，冻梨被切成小块。故选B。
43．句意：商场里的古典音乐会；圣索菲亚教堂上的 “月亮” 和松花江上的热气球——所有的这些都表明（哈尔滨提供了最好的服务），尽管这个城市不那么现代化。
while当……的时候；because因为；althugh尽管。根据“The lcal frzen pears (冻梨) ”，“the classical cncerts in shpping malls”和“ the ht air ballns”可知，尽管哈尔滨不是一座非常现代化的城市，但依旧提供最好的服务，此处是althugh引导让步状语从句。故选C。
44．句意：它努力提供最好的服务。
decisin决定；service服务；develpment发展。根据“prvide the best...”和上文语境可知，哈尔滨提供最好的服务。故选B。
45．句意：哈尔滨通过提供真正的温暖和更好的服务树立了成功的榜样，这也将使其他城市获益。
example例子；jurney旅行；experience经历。根据“Harbin has set a fcusing n ffering truly warmth and better service,”可知，此处指哈尔滨成功地树立榜样，set an example “树立榜样”。故选A。
46．years 47．harder 48．a 49．fr 50．quickly 51．shk 52．t wait 53．brught 54．them 55．and
【导语】本文讲述了约翰和波比都在一个公司做事，因为波比做事的方法不一样，波比比约翰升职快多了。
46．句意：几年后，波比已经是经理而约翰还是个职员。year年，可数名词；根据several可知，几年后，这里要用year的复数形式years。故填years。
47．句意：因为他觉得他比波比工作更加努力。hard努力；根据than Bbby可知，这里要用比较级，表示更努力，harder“更努力的”，故填harder。
48．句意：老板想了一下跟着说。根据“The bss thught and said...”可知，老板想了一下，think fr a mment“想了一会”符合语境。故填a。
49．句意：谢谢你说的话。根据“Thank yu said...”可知，谢谢你对我说这些，thank sb. fr sth.为固定搭配，故填fr。
50．句意：约翰出去了然后很快就回来了。quick快，形容词；这里需要用副词来修饰前面的returned，quickly“很快地”，故填quickly。
51．句意：约翰摇了摇头然后走回去重新问 。shake摇，动词；根据时态这里是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，shake的过去式为shk，故填shk。
52．句意：老板让约翰稍等片刻。wait等待；tell sb. t d sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，故填t wait。
53．句意：他们两周前从南方带回来的。bring带来；根据tw days ag可知时态一般过去时，动词要用过去式，bring的过去式为brught，故填brught。
54．句意：所有西瓜质量都很棒。they他们，第三人称复数的主格；因为介词后的代词作宾语都要用宾格，故填them。
55．句意：约翰立即意识到他和波比的区别。根据“between ”可知 ，在他自己和波比之间，between and“在……和……之间”符合语境。故填and。
56．Its gal is t fight against climate change. 57．It creates a gas called methane and that increases climate change. 58．They cmpst it, turning it int sil. 59．Because it can help plants grw better. 60．Meaningful and helpful./It helps fight against climate change./It nt nly recycle fd waste, but als ffer peple rich sil.
【导语】本文介绍了罗伯特·库尔茨创立的堆肥公司，它的目标是通过回收尽可能多的食物垃圾来对抗气候变化。
56．根据“Kurtz is a manager at Rust Belt Riders.”以及“Its gal is t fight against climate (气候) change by recycling as much fd waste as pssible.”可知，它致力于对抗气候变化。故填Its gal is t fight against climate change.
57．根据“Wasted fd ends up in landfills…Methane traps heat in the air. And that increases climate change.”可知，食物分解产生的沼气会加剧气候改变。故填It creates a gas called methane and that increases climate change.
58．根据“The cmpany’s seven trucks and 30 emplyees pick up the extra fd. Then they cmpst it, turning it int sil.”可知，他们把它变成堆肥，变成土壤。故填They cmpst it, turning it int sil.
59．根据“Cmpst sil is much mre than just dirt. It’s made up f five ingredients t help plants grw better.”可知，因为它可以帮助植物生长得更好。故填Because it can help plants grw better.
60．开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Meaningful and helpful./It helps fight against climate change./It nt nly recycles fd waste, but als ffers peple rich sil.
61．例文
Dear Lucas.
Welcme t China! I knw yu are ging t visit China next mnth, s I recmmend Changsha t yu. Because Changsha is ne f the happiest cities in China, and Changsha has a lt f fd and attractins.
When yu are in Changsha, yu can try Changsha stinky tfu, a lcal snack. At the same time, yu can als visit sme places f interest such as Orange Island and Yuelu Muntain.
In additin, yu shuld pay attentin t sme sightseeing etiquette. First, it is imprtant t keep the envirnment clean and tidy. Secnd, yu must bserve public rder. Last but nt least, remember t d as the lcals d.
I am lking frward t yur cming.
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Zhang Peng
【详解】[总体分析］
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为一封电子邮件；
②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”；
③提示：文章应该包括三个方面的要点，要适当补充，使文章内容充实；行文时多用第二人称，尽量多使用短语和句型；写作中适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、顺畅。
［写作步骤］
第一步，总体介绍长沙，说明推荐长沙的理由；
第二步，介绍在长沙可以做的事情，包括小吃、著名的风景名胜等；
第三步，介绍需要注意的礼仪；
第四步，表达祝愿。
［亮点词汇］
① at the same time 在同时
② in additin 此外，另外
［高分句型］
① First, it is imprtant t keep the envirnment clean and tidy. (it作形式主语)
② When yu are in Changsha, yu can try Changsha stinky tfu, a lcal snack. (when引导的时间状语从句)