2024年高考第三次模拟考试题：英语（天津卷01）（解析版）

这是一份2024年高考第三次模拟考试题：英语（天津卷01）（解析版），共22页。
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
单项填空(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—Can I g and have a lk at yur new huse after wrk this evening?
—Yes, ______.
A．I’d lve tB．it dependsC．by all meansD．my pleasure
【答案】C
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——今晚下班后我可以去看看你的新房子吗？——当然可以。
A. I’d lve t我很乐意；B. it depends看情况；C. by all means当然可以；D. my pleasure我的荣幸，乐意效劳。根据上文Yes可知是可以去看房子。故选C。
2．I had tw small cakes in my ffice, just ________ there was n time t eat dinner after the meeting started.
A．in caseB．even thugh
C．n cnditin thatD．in rder that
【答案】A
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我在办公室里放了两个小蛋糕，以防会议开始后没时间吃晚饭。A. in case以防，以免；B. even thugh尽管；C. n cnditin that在……条件下；D. in rder that为了。根据句意可知，“there was n time t eat dinner after the meeting started”是目的状语从句，表示“以防”会议开始后没时间吃晚饭，用in case引导该从句，符合句意。故选A项。
3．The mayr warns the public that the battle against the pllutin ________ unless sme strng measures ________ withut delay.
A．wn’t be wn; are takenB．wn’t win; will be taken
C．wn’t be wn; takenD．wn’t win; take
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词时态和语态、条件状语从句。句意：市长警告公众，除非毫不拖延地采取一些强有力的措施，否则与污染的斗争不会胜利。that引导的宾语从句中，主语the battle“斗争”与win“赢得”为被动关系，且由warns和句意可知，事情发生在将来，宾语从句用一般将来时的被动语态的否定形式。unless“除非”引导条件状语从句，且由warns和句意可知，事情发生在将来，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语sme strng measures与动词take为被动关系，从句用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
4．Sarah was feeling abut the result f her jb interview, and cnstantly check her email fr any news.
A．guiltyB．gratefulC．anxiusD．sad
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sarah对自己的面试结果感到焦虑，并不断查看她的电子邮件以了解任何消息。A. guilty有罪的；B. grateful感谢的；C. anxius焦虑的；D. sad悲哀的。根据后文“abut the result f her jb interview, and cnstantly check her email fr any news”可知空格处缺少的意思是“焦虑的”，anxius“焦虑的”符合句意。故选C项。
5．—Did Jhnsn pass the examinatin?
—N. Often staying up late made him at his wrst ________ physical situatin.
A．in favr fB．in terms fC．in charge fD．in case f
【答案】B
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：——约翰逊考试及格了吗？——没有。就身体状况而言，经常熬夜使他处于最糟糕的状态。A. in favr f 赞成；B. in terms f就……而言；C. in charge f负责；D. in case f万一。结合语境可知，空格处应使用in terms f符合语境，即就身体状况这一方面而言，情况最差。故选B项。
6．— Must I wear the schl unifrm n schl days?
— . It’s ne f the schl rules.
A．It’s beautifulB．I dn’t think sC．I’m afraid sD．It fits yu well
【答案】C
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—— 我上学时必须穿校服吗？ —— 恐怕如此吧，那是学校的一项规定。A. It’s beautiful很好看；B. I dn’t think s我不这么认为；C. I’m afraid s恐怕如此；D. It fits yu well.它很适合你。根据下文“It’s ne f the schl rules(那是学校的一项规定)”，可知下文同意上文表达的含义，认为空白应该如此，故选C项。
7．My sn likes sccer very much. T surprise him, I want t make a cake in the___________ f a sccer ball.
A．shapeB．heartC．tasteD．side
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子非常喜欢足球。为了给他惊喜，我想做一个足球形状的蛋糕。A. shape形状；B. heart心脏，心；C. taste味道；D. side一边，侧面。由语意可知，我儿子非常喜欢足球，所以为了给他惊喜，我应该做一个足球形状的蛋糕。故选A项。
8．Many small creatures live in the garden ___________ (surrund) with a fence.
A．surrundingB．was surrundC．Having surrundD．surrunded
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用篱笆围起来的花园里住着许多小动物。分析句子可知，“(surrund) with a fence”作定语，修饰garden，surrund与garden是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故选D。
9．We shuld ________ the disagreements between bth sides n hw t build up a scientific, strict, flexible and effective system in rder t further prmte clser relatinship.
A．put asideB．put upC．put awayD．put dwn
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们应该抛开双方在如何建立一个科学、严格、灵活、有效的制度方面的分歧，以进一步促进更紧密的关系。A. put aside把……放在一边；B. put up张贴；C. put away收起，放好；D. put dwn放下。由“in rder t further prmte clser relatinship”可知，句子表示“我们应该抛开双方在如何建立一个科学、严格、灵活、有效的制度方面的分歧，以进一步促进更紧密的关系”，空格处意为“把……放在一边”，故选A。
10．The engineers made tw big plans fr the dam, ______ was never put in frce.
A．ne f themB．which
C．ne f whichD．every ne f which
【答案】C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：工程师们为大坝制定了两个大计划，其中一个从未付诸实施。分析句子可知，句中无连词，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，排除A项，先行词是“plans”，从句中的“was”表明从句主语表示单数意义，排除B项，关系词在从句中作介词f的宾语，应用ne f which引导，every用于三者及三者以上，排除D项。故选C。
11．As the train pulled ut, Cindy waved t her parents, tears ________ dwn her cheeks.
A．t runB．runC．runningD．ran
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：火车开动时，辛迪向父母挥手，泪水顺着脸颊流下来。空处是独立主格结构，run和逻辑主语tears间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故选C项。
12．The news came as a shck_____a disabled little girl in the street needed help but was ignred by many passersby.
A．whatB．whyC．whichD．that
【答案】D
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这则消息令人震惊，一个残疾的小女孩在街上需要帮助，但却被许多路人忽视。分析句意可知，“a disabled little girl in the street needed help but was ignred by many passersby”用来解释“The news”的具体内容，是同位语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，故用that引导。故选D项。
13．Fd supplies in this area________ ut. We must act nw befre there is nne left.
A．are runningB．will runC．have runD．run
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个地区的食物供应不足。我们必须现在就采取行动，否则就会一无所有。根据后文We must act nw befre there is nne left.可知表示将要用完，应用现在进行时表将来，故选A。
14．Accrding t the agreement in the Wrld Meterlgical Cngress, the reslutin cme int effect upn signature.
A．shuldB．shallC．wuldD．must
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：根据世界气象大会的协议，该决议自签署之日起生效。A. shuld 应该；B. shall 必须，一定，应该；C. wuld 将，会（will的过去式）；D. must 必须。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查shall的用法：当主语是第三人称时，在陈述句中用shall表示义务、强制，命令，允诺等语气。故选B。
15．Judy didn’t answer. , she turned and walked away.
A．ButB．Hwever
C．InsteadD．And
【答案】C
【详解】考查副词/连词词义辨析。句意：朱迪没有回答。相反，她转身走开了。A. But但是；B. Hwever然而；C. Instead相反；D. And和。分析可知，空格处用逗号与句子其他部分隔开，应用副词，作状语，根据句意可知，应用“Instead”，意为“相反”， 朱迪没有回答。相反，她转身走开了。故选C项。
第二节 完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Christmastime is generally thught f as jyful. But 40 years ag, it was a 16 time fr my wife, Geri, and me. Bth f us were abut t lse ur 17 . I was an educatr and Geri was a psychlgist. T make matters 18 , we had lans (贷款) n tw huses-at a time when interest rates hvered (徘徊) at 16%. We wanted t 19 ne f ur huses, but the sale 20 at the last minute.
A place t call 21 lked extremely hpeless fr us. Yet we 22 t celebrate Christmas in ur new huse befre we faced the terrible 23 f becming hmeless. S we did smething crazy: We 24 a Christmas tree.
It was an artificial tree—the 25 we culd find at the lcal stre. I 26 we spent just $11 r $12 n it. It lked 27 with nthing n it, which is nly what yu wuld expect frm such an inexpensive 28 . But it didn’t lk half bad when it was fully 29 .
Perhaps it gave us gd 30 . Our jb situatin turned arund, making it 31 fr us t keep ur new huse after all. We 32 put up the tree every year. Friends have advised us t 33 it. But ur daughters, wh knw its 34 , insist that we keep it.
Tday, the tree is a reminder f ur 35 beginnings in ur present hme-the same ne where it first std up 40 years ag.
16．A．cnfusingB．difficultC．embarrassingD．annying
17．A．chancesB．hpesC．jbsD．lives
18．A．easierB．furtherC．lessD．wrse
19．A．rentB．sellC．buildD．dnate
20．A．fell thrughB．went thrughC．fell behindD．went dwn
21．A．hmeB．heavenC．fficeD．palace
22．A．refusedB．hesitatedC．decidedD．suppsed
23．A．prcessB．prgressC．resultD．practice
24．A．bughtB．plantedC．fundD．brrwed
25．A．biggestB．heaviestC．prettiestD．cheapest
26．A．realizeB．rememberC．wnderD．imagine
27．A．pitifulB．gratefulC．jyfulD．pwerful
28．A．giftB．themeC．tpicD．bject
29．A．equippedB．plishedC．decratedD．deserted
30．A．chiceB．luckC．supprtD．reward
31．A．hardB．necessaryC．urgentD．pssible
32．A．stillB．againC．alsD．even
33．A．hideB．remveC．repairD．imprve
34．A．recrdB．qualityC．histryD．functin
35．A．ptentialB．guiltC．illegalD．hard
【答案】
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．D 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者和他的妻子在40年前面临失业和贷款问题的困境，但他们仍然在圣诞节期间买了一颗廉价的人造圣诞树，并最终从困境中逐渐走出来。现在，这颗圣诞树成为他们家庭的一个纪念物，象征着他们目前家庭的艰难起步。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节通常被认为是快乐的。但是40年前，对我和我的妻子Geri来说，这是一段艰难的时期。A. cnfusing令人困惑的；B. difficult困难的；C. embarrassing尴尬的；D. annying烦人的。根据“Christmas time is generally thught f as jyful. But”以及后文的“Bth f us were abut t lse ur ___2___ .”可知，前后构成转折关系，即圣诞节本是快乐的，但是对作者和其妻子来说是困难的。故选B。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们俩都快失业了。A. chances机会；B. hpes希望；C. jbs工作；D. lives生活。根据“But 40 years ag, it was a ___1___ time fr my wife, Geri, and me.”可知，40年前的圣诞节对作者和其妻子来说是艰难的，因为他们二人要失业了。故选C。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我们有两套房子的贷款，而当时的利率在16%左右徘徊。A. easier更容易的；B. further更进一步的；C. less更少的；D. wrse更糟糕的。根据“we had lans (贷款) n tw huses”可知，本来作者和妻子的经济不好，即将失业，更糟糕的是还有两套房子的贷款。故选D。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们想卖掉一幢房子，但在最后一刻失败了。A. rent租；B. sell卖；C. build建造；D. dnate捐赠。根据“ne f ur huses”可知，作者因为贷款过多，因此要卖掉一套房子。故选B。
20．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. fell thrugh失败；B. went thrugh经历过；C. fell behind落后；D. went dwn下降。根据“but”可知，前后构成转折关系即作者要出售一套房屋，但是最后一刻失败了。故选A。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我们来说，一个可以称之为家的地方似乎毫无希望可言。A. hme家；B. heaven天堂；C. ffice办公室；D. palace宫殿。根据前文“we had lans (贷款) n tw huses”可知，此处表示对于作者来说家是负担，因此是毫无希望可言。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我们面临无家可归的糟糕结果之前，我们决定在新房子里庆祝圣诞节。A. refused拒绝；B. hesitated犹豫；C. decided决定；D. suppsed假设。根据“t celebrate Christmas”可知，作者一家决定在房子里庆祝圣诞节。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. prcess过程；B. prgress进展；C. result结果；D. practice实践。根据“f becming hmeless”可知，此处表示作者一家人在面临无家可归结果之前，决定在新房子里庆祝圣诞节。故选C。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我们做了一件疯狂的事：我们买了一棵圣诞树。A. bught买；B. planted种植；C. fund找到；D. brrwed借。根据“a Christmas tree.”以及后文的“at the lcal stre”可知，作者一家决定买一棵圣诞树。故选A。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是一棵人造树——我们在当地商店能找到的最便宜的。A. biggest最大的；B. heaviest最重的；C. prettiest最漂亮的；D. cheapest最便宜的。根据“just $11 r $12 n it”可知，作者在当地商店买到的最便宜的圣诞树。故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得我们只花了11美元或12美元。A. realize意识到；B. remember记得；C. wnder想知道；D. imagine想象。根据“we spent just $11 r $12 n it”可知，此处表示回忆过去的艰难岁月中时，记得一家人花了11美元或12美元。故选B。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它看上去很可怜，上面什么也没有，这是你对这样一件廉价物品的期望。A. pitiful可怜的；B. grateful感激的；C. jyful快乐的；D. pwerful有力的。根据“with nthing n it,”可知，该圣诞树上什么也没有，看上去很可怜。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. gift礼物；B. theme主题；C. tpic话题；D. bject物体。根据“what yu wuld expect”可知，此处表示圣诞树上什么装饰也没有，这是你对这样一件廉价物品的所能得到的期待。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当它被完全装饰后，看起来还不错。A. equipped装备；B. plished抛光；C. decrated装饰的；D. deserted荒凉的。根据“it didn’t lk half bad”可知，当圣诞树被装饰后，看起来还不错。故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许它给了我们好运。A. chice选择；B. luck运气；C. supprt支持；D. reward奖励。根据“Our jb situatin turned arund”可知，该圣诞树给作者带来了运气，因为作者情况发生了好转。故选B。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的工作情况好转了，这使我们有可能保留我们的新房子。A. hard艰难的；B. necessary必要的；C. urgent紧急的；D. pssible可能的。根据“Our jb situatin turned arund”可知，因为作者和妻子的工作情况好转，因此使他们保留自己的新房子成为可能。故选D。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们仍然每年都把圣诞树挂起来。A. still仍然；B. again再次；C. als也；D. even甚至。根据“every year”可知，作者一家人仍每年把圣诞树挂起来。故选A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友们建议我们把它去掉。A. hide隐藏；B. remve移除；C. repair修理；D. imprve改善。根据“Friends have advised us”以及后文的“But ur daughters, wh knw its ___19___ , insist that we keep it.”可知，朋友们建议作者把圣诞树移除，但是作者的坚持要保留它。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们的女儿们了解它的历史，坚持要我们保留它。A. recrd记录；B. quality质量；C. histry历史；D. functin功能。根据前文以及“knw its”可知，作者的女儿对于该棵圣诞树的历史是十分了解的，因此坚持保留它。故选C。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，这棵树提醒我们，在我们现在的家园，也就是40年前它第一次矗立的地方，我们有着艰难的开端。A. ptential潜力；B. guilt罪恶感；C. illegal非法的；D. hard困难的。根据“But 40 years ag, it was a ___1___ time fr my wife, Geri, and me.”可知，40年前作者和妻子即将失业，同时即将失去自己的新房子，由此可知现在的这棵圣诞树是作者艰难开端的提醒。故选 D。
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Spanish fr Health-care Wrkers
Instructr: Dr. Lucia Mendez
Class schedule (日程安排)
The class is held in Rm 203 every Mnday and Wednesday evening frm 6:30 t 8:15 p.m. Yu are expected t attend every class and t arrive n time. Please speak with the instructr abut any unavidable absences.
Assignments (功课)
We will use the text Spanish fr Health-care Wrkers. Students are required t read ne r mre chapters befre each class (see reading schedule). In additin, each student will prepare an ral presentatin t give t the class befre the end f the term. The Language Labratry, Rm 228, is pen Mnday-Friday frm 9:30 a.m. until 8:30 p.m. In additin t attending class, each student must cmplete a weekly exercise in the lab.
Grading
There will be fur t five tests thrughut the term in additin t a midterm and a final exam. Missed tests r exams will cunt against yur grade; there will be n make-ups. The breakdwn fr calculating (计算) each student’s final mark is as fllws: tests and exams — 50 percent; ral presentatin — 30 percent; class participatin — 20 percent. A grade f B r higher is required t pass this class.
Assistance utside class
If yu need extra help r wuld like t discuss anything with the instructr, my ffice hurs (Rm 320) are 5:00-6:30 p.m. n Mndays and Wednesdays. The Language Lab staff is als available t help yu with yur assignments. In additin, individual Spanish instructrs are available. Please talk t the staff in the Language Lab fr mre infrmatin abut instructrs.
36．What can we learn abut the class by Dr. Lucia Mendez?
A．It meets twice weekly.B．It has n hmewrk.
C．It is a ne-t-ne class.D．It allws make-up exams.
37．Hw many tests and exams will there be altgether?
A．Just tw.B．Six t seven.C．Less than fur.D．N mre than five.
38．What’s the standard f passing Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class?
A．Getting full marks fr the ral presentatin.B．Cmpleting a daily exercise in the lab.
C．Attending 50 percent f his classes.D．Receiving a grade f B r higher.
39．What can students d in Rm 320?
A．Give an ral presentatin.B．Cmplete a weekly practice.
C．Attend Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class.D．Turn t Dr. Lucia Mendez fr advice.
40．Wh wuld be mst interested in Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class?
A．A cancer patient.B．A medical wrker.
C．A literature student.D．A labratry wrker.
【答案】36．A 37．B 38．D 39．D 40．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Lucia Mendez的开设的课程，并对课程时间和课程内容等进行了介绍。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段“The class is held in Rm 203 every Mnday and Wednesday evening frm 6:30 t 8:15 p.m.(这门课每周一和周三晚上6:30到8:15在203教室上课)”可知，露西娅·门德斯博士的课每周开两次。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“There will be fur t five tests thrughut the term in additin t a midterm and a final exam.(除了期中和期末考试外，整个学期将有四到五次考试)”可知，总共有六到七次测验和考试。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A grade f B r higher is required t pass this class.(要通过这门课，成绩必须达到B或更高)”可知，露西亚·门德斯博士的课通过的标准是获得B或更高的成绩。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If yu need extra help r wuld like t discuss anything with the instructr, my ffice hurs (Rm 320) are 5:00-6:30 p.m. n Mndays and Wednesdays.(如果你需要额外的帮助或想和老师讨论任何事情，我的办公时间(320室)是周一和周三下午5:00-6:30)”可知，学生们在320房间可以向露西娅·门德斯博士寻求建议。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据第二段“We will use the text Spanish fr Health-care Wrkers.(我们将使用《保健工作人员》西班牙文)”可推知，医务工作者会对露西娅·门德斯博士的课最感兴趣。故选B。
B
Nenad Sestan was wrking in his ffice ne afternn in 2019 when he heard his lab members whispering with excitement ver a micrscpe. He realized smething beynd their expectatins was happening.
The researchers, at Yale Schl f Medicine in New Haven, Cnnecticut, had fund electrical activity in brains taken frm dead pigs. With that shcking result, Sestan realized what had started as a side prject t find ways t better preserve brain tissue fr research had changed int a discvery that culd redefine ur understanding f life and death.
The excitement sn turned t cncern, when the researchers thught they saw widespread, cnsistent electrical activity which can indicate cnsciusness. Sestan brught in a neurlgist, wh determined the readut (信息读出) was actually an errr, but the pssibility had frightened them.
Sestan kept his cl and immediately did tw things: he shut dwn the experiment and cntacted the US Natinal Institutes f Health (NIH), as well as Yale biethicist (生物伦理学家). Over the next few mnths, experts discussed the ptential ethical effects, such as whether the brains culd becme cnscius and whether physicians needed t recnsider the definitin f brain death.
They submitted the wrk t the “Nature”. But befre the final paper was published: Sestan met sharp criticism frm the press. Sme even suggested the researchers were wrking n immrtality (永生), r keeping a rm full f living brains in jars. Neither he r his team wanted t discuss the results until the paper was ut, but as their inbxes filled with cncerns and anger frm animal rights activists and futurists (未来主义者), Sestan became depressed. He felt all they culd d, hwever, was t hld ff n crrecting public misunderstandings until the expert review prcess ended.
Since the paper was published in April, 2023, the team has been s busy with questins frm the media and scientists that it hasn’t perfrmed any further experiments. Sestan wants t fcus n his riginal questins and explre hw lng the brains can be maintained and whether the technlgy can preserve ther rgans.
“We want t get utside pinin befre we d anything.” Sestan says. “When yu explre uncharted area, yu have t be extremely thughtful.”
41．What happened in the lab at Yale Schl f Medicine in 2019?
A．A better methd was fund t keep brain issue.
B．Researchers discvered hw t redefine brain death.
C．Researchers achieved expected results f the experiment.
D．Brains frm dead pigs were accidentally discvered alive.
42．Why did Nenad Sestan stp the experiment?
A．He needed assistance with the final paper.
B．He discvered a majr mistake in the final result.
C．He was cncerned abut the related mral prblems.
D．He was frightened by the pssibility f failure in the future.
43．What was peple’s reactin twards Nenad Sestan’s experiment?
A．Nbdy wanted t discuss the final result in advance!
B．Sme peple supprted the research n immrtality.
C．The press was strngly ppsed t the experiment.
D．The public tk a psitive attitude twards the experiment.
44．Hw culd we best describe Nenad Sestan?
A．Respnsible and reliable.B．Prfessinal and cautius
C．Helpful and creative.D．Determined and inspiring.
45．What des the underlined wrd “uncharted” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Hrrible.B．Specific.C．Develped.D．Unknwn.
【答案】41．D 42．C 43．C 44．B 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Nenad Sestan的实验团队在做实验时意外发现死猪的大脑还活着，这一发现引发了伦理问题和许多人的关注。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers, at Yale Schl f Medicine in New Haven, Cnnecticut, had fund electrical activity in brains taken frm dead pigs.(位于康涅狄格州纽黑文的耶鲁大学医学院的研究人员在从死猪身上获取的大脑中发现了电活动)”可知，在实验室中，研究员意外发现死猪的大脑还活着。故选D。
42．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“With that shcking result, Sestan realized what had started as a side prject t find ways t better preserve brain tissue fr research had changed int a discvery that culd redefine ur understanding f life and death.(有了这个令人震惊的结果，Sestan意识到，一开始只是一个寻找更好地保存脑组织以供研究的辅助项目，现在已经变成了一个可以重新定义我们对生与死的理解的发现)”和第四段中的“Over the next few mnths, experts discussed the ptential ethical effects, such as whether the brains culd becme cnscius and whether physicians needed t recnsider the definitin f brain death.(在接下来的几个月里，专家们讨论了潜在的伦理影响，例如大脑是否可以变得有意识，以及医生是否需要重新考虑脑死亡的定义)”可知，这个实验发现可能会重新定义我们对生与死的理解，这有潜在的伦理影响，由此可推测出，Sestan停止实验是因为他担心相关的伦理问题。故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“But befre the final paper was published: Sestan met sharp criticism frm the press.(但在最后一篇论文发表之前：Sestan遭到了媒体的尖锐批评)”可知，Sestan遭到了媒体的尖锐批评，由此可推测出，媒体强烈反对这个实验。故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“With that shcking result, Sestan realized what had started as a side prject t find ways t better preserve brain tissue fr research had changed int a discvery that culd redefine ur understanding f life and death.(有了这个令人震惊的结果，Sestan意识到，一开始只是一个寻找更好地保存脑组织以供研究的辅助项目，现在已经变成了一个可以重新定义我们对生与死的理解的发现)”、第四段中的“Sestan kept his cl and immediately did tw things: he shut dwn the experiment and cntacted the US Natinal Institutes f Health (NIH), as well as Yale biethicist (生物伦理学家).(Sestan保持冷静，立即做了两件事：他关闭了实验，并联系了美国国立卫生研究院和耶鲁大学的生物伦理学家)”可知，Sestan得知实验的发现之后就意识到它会产生的影响，而且他立即着手做了两件事来处理这一发现，由此可推测出，他很专业。根据第五段中的“Neither he r his team wanted t discuss the results until the paper was ut (在论文发表之前，他和他的团队都不想讨论结果)”和最后一段““We want t get utside pinin befre we d anything.” Sestan says. “When yu explre uncharted area, yu have t be extremely thughtful.”(Sestan说：“在我们做任何事情之前，我们都想得到外界的意见。当你探索未知的领域时，你必须非常深思熟虑。”)”可知，在论文发表之前，他和自己的团队不会随意发表自己的看法，而且他们想知道外界的意见，以便能够深思熟虑，由此可推测出，他对待问题很谨慎。故选B。
45．词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“explre (探索)”和上文中讲述的Sestan团队的发现可能会重新定义对生与死的理解可推知，他们的发现揭开了一个全新的领域，这里表达的是探索未知领域，uncharted意为“未知的”，与unknwn意思接近。故选D。
C
A single teacher can reach thusands f students in an nline curse, pening up a wrld f knwledge t anyne with an Internet cnnectin. This limitless reach als ffers pprtunities t schl districts that need t save mney, by reducing the number f teachers. It can help high achievers in need f mre advanced cursewrk than their districts prvide. This is especially true in small districts that ffer few traditinal curses t students wrking ahead f their grades.
A study in Maine and Vermnt examined the effect f nline curses n eighth graders with strng math skills in schls that didn’t ffer face-t-face math classes. Students were divided between nline math and standard math ffered in traditinal classes. Bth grups f students were tested at the end f the schl year. The nline students did better than thse in standard classrms. They were als twice as likely t cmplete advanced math later in high schl.
But there is smething wrng with it. In reality, students wh cmplete these curses tend t d quite prly n subsequent (随后的) tests f academic knwledge, suggesting that these nline curses ften give students an easy passing grade withut teaching them very much.
Sme researchers examined the perfrmance f hundreds f thusands f students at DeVry University, which ffers nline and face-t-face versins f all its curses, using the same textbks, assessments (评估), hmewrk and teaching materials in each curse. Even thugh the curses are seemingly the same, the students wh attend nline curses d wrse. The effects are lasting, with nline students mre likely t drp ut f cllege altgether. Hardest hit are thse wh entered the nline class with lw grades. Wrk by researchers in many ther clleges is in line with the DeVry findings: The weakest students are hurt mst by the nline learning. Fr thse with strng academic skills, by cntrast, nline learning can pen up amazing pprtunities.
Online educatin is still in its yuth. Many ways f learning are pssible, and sme may benefit students with deep and varius needs. As f nw, hwever, the evidence is clear. Fr advanced learners, nline classes are a gd chice, but academically challenged students need a classrm with a teacher’s supprt.
46．What’s Para.1 mainly abut?
A．The advantages f nline curses.
B．The reductin in schl teachers.
C．The educatinal cnditins in pr areas.
D．The cmbinatin f nline and traditinal curses.
47．What did the study in Maine and Vermnt find?
A．Traditinal students were mre likely t d better in math.
B．Bth grups had little difference in their perfrmance.
C．Traditinal students did wrse than nline nes.
D．Online students tend t fail in their higher educatin.
48．Why did the findings f DeVry differ frm Maine and Vermnt’s?
A．DeVry invited different teachers.
B．DeVry invlved different classes.
C．DeVry used different teaching methds.
D．DeVry chse students f different levels.
49．What des the authr think f nline educatin?
A．It suits gd students.
B．It has been fully develped.
C．It is useful t pr students.
D．It shuld be frbidden in schls.
50．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Educatin needs further study in the lng term.
B．Online curses influence different students in different ways.
C．Traditinal curses fail t fit mdern educatin anymre
D．Online educatin is harming traditinal curses and teachers.
【答案】46．A 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是网络课程对不同学生有不同的影响。
46．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A single teacher can reach thusands f students in an nline curse, pening up a wrld f knwledge t anyne with an Internet cnnectin. This limitless reach als ffers pprtunities t schl districts that need t save mney, by reducing the number f teachers. It can help high achievers in need f mre advanced cursewrk than their districts prvide. This is especially true in small districts that ffer few traditinal curses t students wrking ahead f their grades.(一名教师可以在一门在线课程中接触到数千名学生，为任何有互联网连接的人打开了一个知识的世界。这种无限的覆盖范围也为那些需要通过减少教师数量来节省资金的学区提供了机会。它可以帮助那些需要比他们所在地区提供的更高级课程的优等生。在那些很少提供传统课程给提前学习的学生的小地区尤其如此。)”可知，第一段主要讲的是网络课程的优势。故选A。
47．细节理解题。根据第二段“The nline students did better than thse in standard classrms. They were als twice as likely t cmplete advanced math later in high schl.(在线学习的学生比在标准教室学习的学生表现得更好。他们在高中后期完成高等数学的可能性也要高出一倍。)”可知，缅因州和佛蒙特州的研究发现传统学生的表现不如网络学生。故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Sme researchers examined the perfrmance f hundreds f thusands f students at DeVry University, which ffers nline and face-t-face versins f all its curses, using the same textbks, assessments (评估), hmewrk and teaching materials in each curse. Even thugh the curses are seemingly the same, the students wh attend nline curses d wrse.(一些研究人员调查了DeVry大学数十万名学生的表现，该大学提供所有课程的在线和面对面版本，每门课程使用相同的教科书、评估、作业和教学材料。尽管课程看起来是一样的，但参加在线课程的学生表现更差。)”可知，DeVry的发现与缅因州和佛蒙特州的发现不同是因为DeVry选择了不同水平的学生。故选D。
49．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Fr thse with strng academic skills, by cntrast, nline learning can pen up amazing pprtunities.(相比之下，对于那些学术能力很强的人来说，在线学习可以提供惊人的机会。)”和最后一段“Fr advanced learners, nline classes are a gd chice, but academically challenged students need a classrm with a teacher’s supprt.(对于高级学习者来说，在线课程是一个不错的选择，但学业困难的学生需要一个有老师支持的教室。)”可知，作者对在线教育的看法是它适合好学生。故选A。
50．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Many ways f learning are pssible, and sme may benefit students with deep and varius needs. As f nw, hwever, the evidence is clear. Fr advanced learners, nline classes are a gd chice, but academically challenged students need a classrm with a teacher’s supprt.(有许多学习方法是可能的，其中一些可能对有很深和不同需求的学生有益。然而，到目前为止，证据是明确的。对于高级学习者来说，在线课程是一个不错的选择，但学业困难的学生需要一个有老师支持的教室。)”可知，我们能从文章中了解到网络课程以不同的方式影响不同的学生。故选B。
D
The phrase “digital nmads (游民)” suggests jyful peple wh escape their daily wrk t travel the wrld, wrking with laptps n beaches. Relevant statistics regularly made the headline “There will be ne billin digital nmads by 2035”.
I started researching digital nmads in 2015, and it tk me three years t develp an understanding f what might be ging n. I’ve met hundreds f peple wh think f themselves as digital nmads and many mre wh have dreamed abut becming ne. The first thing I learned is that hw peple feel abut the label “digital nmad” changes ver time. Peple starting ut ften assume it’s a permanent lifestyle, but that’s rarely the case. One f my respndents explained, “I dn’t g arund calling myself a digital nmad nw. It’s a bit silly.” Indeed, there’s still debate abut whether it’s a buzzwrd (时髦用语) r a real phenmenn. Sme have even tried t figure ut hw “authentic” a digital nmad is, by hw much they mve frm place t place. And there has been heated debate nline abut wh’s a real digital nmad, and wh is merely self-prmting.
Mst f the digital nmads I spke t, wh nce had well-paid jbs, tld me that they were escaping frm deeply-rted prblems in the cntemprary Western wrkplace. One f my respndents, Lisette, a skilled translatr frm Hamburg, Germany, is able t prduce high-quality wrk quickly. She is sn tired f the culture f presenteeism (出勤主义) at her wrkplace. She explained, “I’m efficient and I like t get the wrk dne and leave n time. Others were bviusly scared t leave first, s they wuld sit at their desks and play with their cmputers.”
Nearly 40% f British adults believe their jbs dn’t make sense. Their husing is f pr quality and t expensive, and the ecnmies dn’t prvide yung peple with wages they can live n. With these challenges, it’s hardly surprising that thse new t the wrld are already desperate t escape. Yet there are certain cmplexities that cme with living as a citizen f the wrld. As Lisette said, “Digital nmads can quickly becme islated.” Digital nmads have t shulder respnsibility fr almst every aspect f mdern life: their mental health, daily rutine, incme, safety and shelter. Mst digital nmads travel n turist visas, which requires them t mve regularly-an experience my participants have described as disrienting (使人迷失方向的).
Being a digital nmad can be rewarding and ffers an escape frm the bring ffice hur. But it’s imprtant that digital nmads think deeply abut the imprtance f cmmunity and mental health in their lives. Freedm des nt mean the same thing fr everyne.
51．What des the authr think f digital nmads?
A．Easy t get n with.B．Extremely hard t be accepted.
C．Difficult t define.D．Abut t disappear.
52．What led Lisette t escape frm her wrkplace?
A．Fierce cmpetitin.B．Inflexible wrking system.
C．Ecnmic pressure.D．Vilatin f persnal space.
53．What is an attractive aspect f being a digital nmad accrding t paragraph 4?
A．Travelling the wrld.B．Enjying mre free time.
C．Receiving steady incmes.D．Being free frm real-life pressures.
54．What des the authr advise us t d in the last paragraph?
A．Think twice befre becming a digital nmad.
B．Share yur real life and jb n the Internet.
C．Have a much mre cmfrtable lifestyle.
D．Resign frm a dead-end jb as sn as pssible.
55．What wuld be the best title f the passage?
A．Digital nmads: what future jbs will be like
B．Digital nmads: a trend that will take ver the wrld
C．Digital nmads: an effective way t escape yur everyday wrk
D．Digital nmads: what it’s really like t wrk while traveling the wrld
【答案】51．C 52．B 53．D 54．A 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是关于“数字游民”这种新兴职业的情况，包括“数字游民”的含义和内容、一些真实的“数字游民”的感受、以及该职业出现的原因和其优点和缺点。
51．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I started researching digital nmads in 2015, and it tk me three years t develp an understanding f what might be ging n.(我从2015年开始研究数字游游民，花了三年时间才对可能发生的事情有了一个了解)”可知，作者花了三年的时间才对“数字游民”的意义有所了解，结合下文中的“Indeed, there’s still debate abut whether it’s a buzzwrd (时髦用语) r a real phenmenn.(事实上，关于它是一个流行语还是一个真正的现象，人们仍有争论)”可知，对于数字游民这个词外界也还是有争议的。由此推知，作者认为数字游民很难定义。故选C项。
52．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She sn tiredf the culture f presenteeism (出勤主义) at her wrkplace.(她很快就厌倦了工作场所的出勤主义)”可知，Lisette是一个工作高效率的人，她希望的是做完工作就能走，而不是固定的出勤时间，一定要像同事一样等到下班才走。由此可知，这种不灵活的工作制度导致Lisette逃离现在的岗位。故选B项。
53．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Their husing is f pr quality and t expensive, and the ecnmies dn’t prvide yung peple with wages they can live n.(他们的住房质量差，价格太贵，经济无法为年轻人提供他们可以维持生活的工资。面对这些挑战，那些初来乍到的人已经不顾一切地想要逃离也就不足为奇了)”可知，住房问题和薪水问题让人们选择逃离这种生活，结合下文中的“As Lisette said, “Digital nmads can quickly becme islated.”(正如Lisette所说，“数字游游民很快就会被孤立。”)”可推知，数字游民可以迅速脱离开这种现实生活的压力。故选D项。
54．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But it’s imprtant that digital nmads think deeply abut the imprtance f cmmunity and mental health in their lives. Freedm des nt mean the same thing fr everyne.(但重要的是，数字游游民要深入思考社区和精神健康在他们生活中的重要性，自由对每个人来说都不是一回事)”可知，作为数字游民要深入思考社会和他们身心健康的重要性，自由对每个人来说都不是同一回事。由此推知，作者认为成为数字游民还是要慎重考虑。故选A项。
55．主旨大意题。根据首段“The phrase “digital nmads (游民)” suggests jyful peple wh escape their daily wrk t travel the wrld, wrking with laptps n beaches. Relevant statistics regularly made the headline “There will be ne billin digital nmads by 2035”.(“数字游民”一词指的是那些快乐的人，他们逃离日常工作，到世界各地旅行，在海滩上用笔记本电脑工作。相关统计数据经常登上“2035年数字游民将达10亿”的头条)”可知，“数字游民”作为一种新兴的职业迅速发展，结合下文中介绍的“数字游民”的含义，一些“数字游民”的真实感受，该职业兴起的原因及其优点和缺点可知，本文主要论述的是关于数字游民这种新兴职业的相关情况。由此可知，“数字游牧民：环游世界时工作的真实感受”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共35分)
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Cnfucius Institute is a nn-prfit public institute which aims at prmting Chinese language and culture and supprting lcal Chinese teaching internatinally thrugh affiliated Cnfucius Institutes. Its headquarters is in Beijing and is under the Office f Chinese Language Cuncil Internatinal r Hanban in Chinese.
Over the past three decades, Chinese ecnmy is bming. The wrld is watching China and many freigners have realized the imprtance f seeking cperatin, s they want t d business with Chinese peple and learning ur language wrks better, Cnfucius institute prvides the place t learn mandarin.
As the wrld is crazy abut Chinese, mre and mre freigners have interest in ur language and culture. With the purpse f prmting ur language and culture, Cnfucius institute prgram was set up in Krea in 2004, nw the Cnfucius institute is all arund the wrld. The freigners practise Chinese s hard. They learn hw t prnunce and write, even use the chpsticks.
The Cnfucius institute prgram wrks well. There is a biggest cmpetitin fr the freigner t shw their Chinese. When we watch the shw, we will realize they can speak Chinese s well and admire them s much, because it is s hard t learn. Sme freigners nt nly speak mandarin well, but als knw much abut Chinese culture.
The Cnfucius institute prgram wrks t prmte Chinese language and culture and the achievement is great. Tday, the wrld is learning Chinese.
56．What is the aim f Cnfucius Institute? (n mre than 15 wrds)
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57．Why are many freigners watching China and want t seek cperatin? (n mre than 1 wrds)
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58．What d mre and mre freigners have interest in? (n mre than 5 wrds)
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59．What des the underlined wrd “admire” in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 wrd)
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60．What d yu think the future f Cnfucius Institute? (n mre than 20 wrds)
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【答案】56．The aim f Cnfucius Institute is t prmte Chinese culture and supprt Chinese teaching wrldwide. 57．Because Chinese ecnmy is bming, frm which freigners can prfit. 58．Chinese language and culture. 59．钦佩 60．Cnfucius Institute will remain a bridge which can nt nly facilitate multicultural exchange, but presents the beauty f Chinese culture.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创建中国孔子学院的时代背景、重要意义和贡献。
56．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Cnfucius Institute is a nn-prfit public institute which aims at prmting Chinese language and culture and supprting lcal Chinese teaching internatinally thrugh affiliated Cnfucius Institutes.(孔子学院是一个非营利性的公共机构，旨在通过附属孔子学院推广中国语言和文化，并在国际上支持当地的汉语教学)”可知，孔子学院是一个在全球范围内致力于推广中国文化和促进汉语教学的非营利结构，故答案为The aim f Cnfucius Institute is t prmte Chinese culture and supprt Chinese teaching wrldwide.
57．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Over the past three decades, Chinese ecnmy is bming.(在过去的三十年里，中国经济蓬勃发展)”可知，中国的经济发展令世人瞩目，因此许多外国人想寻求与中国进行通商贸易，故答案为Because Chinese ecnmy is bming, frm which freigners can prfit.
58．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“As the wrld is crazy abut Chinese, mre and mre freigners have interest in ur language and culture.(随着世界掀起一股汉语热，越来越多的外国人对我们的语言和文化产生了兴趣)”可知，越来越多的外国人对中国文化和汉语产生了浓厚的兴趣，故答案为Chinese language and culture.
59．考查词句猜测。根据文章第四段“because it is s hard t learn.(因为汉语真的很难)”和“Sme freigners nt nly speak mandarin well, but als knw much abut Chinese culture.(一些外国人不仅普通话说得好，而且对中国文化也很了解)”可知，我们对一些外国人能够流利地讲中文，并且通晓中国文化感到非常钦佩，毕竟汉语很难。由此推知，划线词应与“佩服；钦佩”之意相近。故答案为：钦佩。
60．开放性试题。言之有理，积极向上，注意词数限制。考生可依据文章内容和自身掌握的背景知识答题，例如：孔子学院将继续作为一座跨文化交流的桥梁，将瑰丽的中国文化呈现给世界。Cnfucius Institute will remain a bridge which can nt nly facilitate multicultural exchange, but presents the beauty f Chinese culture.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
近日你校将举办英语演讲活动，题目是“The Persn I Admire”，请选取一位中国伟人，完成一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1.介绍人物简介；
2.人物的贡献；
3.对你的启示与意义
注意：
1.词数 100词左右；
2.可适当增加内容，使得原文连贯；
3.在答题卡区域内作答
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The persn I admire mst
My English teacher Ms. Liu is kind and helpful. She is very ppular amng us because she spends lts f time n lessns and has a gd sense f humr. When we have difficulties in ur studies, she encurages us t wrk n and tells us hw t slve the prblems.
One year ag, I was nt gd at English, s I wanted t give it up. She encuraged me and tld me hw t learn English well. With her help I have made great prgress. Nw I am interested in English and better and better at English. I think I am s lucky t be her student. I learned a lt frm her, I will help thers like her. She is rdinary, but I admire and lve her mst.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校将举办英语演讲活动，题目是《我最钦佩的人》，要求考生按照要求选取一位中国伟人，完成一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
友好的：kind→ friendly
很多：lts f→ a lt f
困难：difficulty→ truble
鼓励，激励：encurage→ inspire
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：With her help I have made great prgress..
拓展句：It is with her help that I have made great prgress.
【点睛】【高分句型1】She is very ppular amng us because she spends lts f time n lessns and has a gd sense f humr.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】When we have difficulties in ur studies, she encurages us t wrk n and tells us hw t slve the prblems.（运用了When引导的时间状语从句）