广东省江门市2024届高三下学期一模考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份广东省江门市2024届高三下学期一模考试英语试卷(含答案)，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Whether yu are a fine art lver r histry enthusiast, there are sme museums that yu shuld visit in yur lifetime. Here’s a list f the best museums in the wrld.
LE LOUVRE, PARIS
A visit t the Luvre lets visitrs discver ancient civilizatins and Western art frm the Middle Ages t 1848. The palace f the museum, dating back t the twelfth century and develped by architects frm 1200 t 2011, is a lessn in architecture. The mst famus art wrk is Lenard da Vinci’s “Mna Lisa”.
THE UFFIZI GALLERIES, FLORENCE
The museum ccupies a large building cnstructed between 1560 and 1580. It’s famus fr its utstanding cllectins f ancient sculptures and paintings frm the Middle Ages t the Mdern perid, and mainly knwn fr its paintings by Italian artists.
THE BRITISH MUSEUM, LONDON
As the first natinal museum t cver all fields f human knwledge, it was funded in 1753 and pened its drs in 1759. Its eight millin bjects allw us t explre the diversity f human cultures, and discver the expressins in human being’s life. It basts the wrld’s secnd finest cllectin f Egyptian antiques.
THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART, NEW YORK
Als knwn as “the Met”, it’s the largest art museum in the America. Presenting ver 5,000 years f art frm arund the wrld, the museum lives in tw sites in New Yrk: The Met Fifth Avenue and The Met Clisters. Since its funding in 1870, it has been a treasury f rare and beautiful bjects, ranging frm Eurpean paintings, Egyptian cllectins t American paintings.
1．Which museum is best knwn fr ancient statues in the Middle Ages?
A. The Luvre.B. The Uffizi Galleries.
C. The British Museum.D. The Metrplitan Museum.
2．What can visitrs enjy in bth the British Museum and the Met?
A. Art wrks frm Egypt.B. Expressins arund the wrld.
C. Rare bjects f human culture.D. Paintings frm Eurpe and America.
3．Where is this text mst prbably taken frm?
A. An intrductin t arts.B. An essay n architecture.
C. A guidebk t museums.D. A review f Egyptian paintings.
Acrss the wrld, humans purchase arund 1.3 billin single-use plastic water bttles a day. Because nly abut 9% f plastic is recycled, the vast majrity f thse bttles wind up in landfills, the cean, r elsewhere in nature.
When beach-lving Madisn nticed thse plastic bttles during her family’s trips t Califrnia, the 12-year-ld “just felt like this needed t change,” she tld Smithsnian Magazine.
S as she began thinking abut what t d fr her schl science fair back in 2021, the idea f a prject centered n reducing plastic pllutin quickly came t her mind: she wuld design an eatable water bttle called the Ec-Her.
“One f my biggest ambitins fr my prject was wanting t help the wrld,” the cnfident yung inventr said in a vide n the website.
T bring her idea t life, Madisn built upn the already established methd by experimenting with cmmn fd materials. She als tk inspiratin frm previus versins f eatable water bttles, thugh she fcused n making hers bigger and mre durable. She fund that the cmbinatin f water, lemn juice, natural gum, and Alginic acid (褐藻酸) resulted in a gel puch that wuldn’t break, culd hld up t 3/4 cup f water, and wuld last in the fridge fr three weeks.
Thugh she’d like t imprve the Ec-Her by making it able t hld mre water, she believes her current versin wuld wrk well as a replacement fr the paper cups used by runners in races. All ne needs t d is bite a hle in the water ball, drink the water, and then eat the puch r thrw it away t bidegrade.
Madisn hpes the Ec-Her inspires thers t take better care f the planet. “It desn’t necessarily have t be in a big way,” she tld Smithsnian. “Peple can still make a difference in the wrld, even if it’s just in a small way.”
4．What inspired Madisn’s design f an eatable water bttle?
A.Her schl’s task.B.Her family’s urge.
C.Her lve fr nature.D.Her trips t the beach.
5．What can we knw abut the Ec-Her?
A.It is a cpy f the previus versins.
B.It is made frm unbreakable materials.
C.It is an imprvement in size and durability.
D.It has a hle and shuld be dispsed nce used.
6．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Madisn?
A.Ambitius and creative.B.Talented and determined.
C.Curageus and cnfident.D.Cperative and cmmitted.
7．What can be the best title fr the text?
A.A gd beginning is half dne.B.Small peple make big mves.
C.Where there is a will, there is a way.D.Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
Demgraphic changes, such as aging ppulatins and declining birth rates, pse challenges as well as ffer pprtunities fr industries and cuntries. T vercme the challenges and seize the pprtunities, especially t achieve lng-term ecnmic sustainability, ecnmies need t enhance plicies prmting innvatins.
Nw many cuntries in East Asia are facing the aging ppulatin and declining wrking-age ppulatin prblem. Cmpared with ther advanced cuntries, Japan encuntered the ppulatin aging prblem at a slightly earlier stage, starting in the mid-1990s. As Japan’s percentage f elderly ppulatin t the ttal ppulatin increased, it impacted the cuntry’s ecnmy, leading t a cntractin in dmestic demand and decline in bth prductin and cnsumptin, and restricting the grwth f ecnmy.
Sme innvative cmpanies have actively increased utward FDI (Freign Direct Investment), prviding cst advantages frm inexpensive verseas labr t maintain their cst cmpetitiveness. Hwever, the glbal ecnmy is facing the challenge f declining trade wing t the prtectinism practiced by certain cuntries. Cnsequently, the chances f bsting grwth thrugh utward FDI may be limited.
Develping artificial intelligence is anther slutin t the negative impacts f the demgraphic changes. AI and rbtics will play a crucial rle in stimulating prductivity and innvatin by making payment fr the decline in the wrking-age ppulatin, and the fllwing increase in prductivity will in turn raise the demand fr labr by creating new emplyment pprtunities.
AI, rbtics and ther advanced technlgies give rise t new tasks within their fields and acrss ther sectrs. Therefre, it is necessary t emply cperatin plicies t supprt crpratins that prmte innvatins by increasing investment in research and develpment, facilitating the grwth f new cmpanies, and building a perfect system t prtect intellectual prperties. Since AI and rbtics may replace certain jbs, it is essential t address the ptential challenges they may create in the labr market and wrk ut strategies t ensure a balanced and cmprehensive transitin.
8．What d we knw abut demgraphic changes frm the first tw paragraphs?
A.There is n need t wrry since the changes ffer pprtunities.
B.The changes wn’t affect the lng-term ecnmic sustainability.
C.Japan is the nly advanced cuntry facing the changes at present.
D.Things shuld be dne t vercme the challenges psed by the changes.
9．What des the underlined wrd “cntractin” mean in the secnd paragraph?
A.Push.B.Decrease.C.Pause.D.Change.
10．What is the writer’s attitude t FDI?
A.Favrable.B.Intlerant.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.
11．What des the writer advise t tackle the new tasks psed by advanced technlgies?
A.Withdrawing investment in research and develpment.
B.Adpting plicies that encurage innvatin f crpratins.
C.Establishing new cmpanies t prtect intellectual prperties.
D.Creating ptential labr market fr mre pssible emplyments.
Figuring ut bidiversity patterns and detecting rare r just-gd-at-hiding species has lng psed challenges fr ecsystem mnitring and cnservatin effrts. Traditinal survey methds are labr intensive and cver limited areas. Nw, emerging envirnmental DNA (eDNA) techniques pen new pssibilities.
Scientists cllect water r sil samples frm an envirnment and extract (提取) any DNA traces left behind by rganisms. This is the envirnmental DNA (eDNA). They then use ne f the tw analysis methds — quantitative PCR (qPCR) r DNA sequencing (DNA 测序). Similar t COVID tests, qPCR is used t detect if a specific species’ DNA is in the sample. Fr example, researchers tested river water eDNA t see if endangered fish X was present. When it was detected, they cnfirmed that the fish lived in that river withut directly seeing it. DNA sequencing analyzes all DNA in the sample at nce. Scientists can then match the DNA barcdes t databases t identify which species were in the sampled envirnment.
Althugh eDNA sampling cannt identify new species r thse nly knwn frm phts and vides if they are nt already listed in the reference databases, the real pwer f it lies in its ability t capture a wide range f rganisms. With just ne sample, scientists can detect all kinds f living things, frm bacteria t whales, in almst any envirnment where life exists, including the deep sea and undergrund caves. One f the mst significant advantages f eDNA sampling is that it allws scientists t detect species that are difficult t see r capture. This is particularly useful when studying rare r very small species, r when wrking in envirnments like dark water where visibility is limited.
This is just the start. Imagine a future where eDNA data culd be cllected frm the mst remte ceans by autnmus vehicles, analyzed by the drne r n bard a research vessel (船舰), and integrated with ther mnitring data s marine managers and the public can see near-real-time data abut the cnditin f the cean. Science fictin? Nt any mre.
12．What’s the authr’s purpse f mentining the example in Paragraph 2?
A.T explain the prcess f qPCR analysis methd.
B.T intrduce the definitin f envirnmental DNA.
C.T tell the difference between tw analysis methds.
D.T shw the similarity between qPCR and COVID tests.
13．What’s the advantage f eDNA sampling?
A.It can detect species frm phts and vides.
B.It can help scientists capture endangered species.
C.It enables scientists t wrk in invisible envirnment.
D.It can identify any living creature with a sample f it.
14．What culd eDNA data be applied t in the future?
A.Studying micrbial cmmunities.
B.Analyzing diversity changes ver time.
C.Cllecting species in new envirnments.
D.Offering statistics fr cean supervisin.
15．What’s the main idea f the text?
A.Scientists have made a breakthrugh in undersea research.
B.Rare species have been discvered with tw analysis methds.
C.New bidiversity mnitring techniques are arund the crner.
D.Traditinal survey methds are abandned fr their shrtcmings.
二、七选五
16． It’s n surprise that there’s a link between exercise and mental health. But scientists have nw made it fficial: research has fund a direct cnnectin between mvement and md. Why des exercise hld s many benefits fr ur mental health? ①____.
When ur muscles tighten, chains f amin acids (氨基酸) called mykines (肌细胞因子) are released int the bldstream. ②____. This cmmunicatin increases adaptatin t stress, reduces symptms f anxiety and has a direct effect n depressin.
A recent study published in the British Jurnal f Sprts Medicine shwed that treatment fr depressin can be much mre effective when physical activity is added t the usual care. ③____. “While exercise is nt a substitute fr prfessinal mental health treatment, physical activity can cmplement and enhance the effects f the treatment,” says lead researcher Ben Singh, a research fellw at the University f Suth Australia. He says regular exercise in a grup setting can bst self-esteem and decrease feelings f islatin and lneliness.
Exercise helps build key cnnectins between the netwrks within the brain, t. ④____. Studies have shwn that physical activity stimulates creativity, sharpens judgement skills and imprves mental energy. It can als help t slw age-related cgnitive decline, pssibly even slwing the pace f develping Alzheimer’s disease.
⑤____. In this way yu’ll keep ging back t them. Experts suggest that yu aim fr a minimum f 10 t 30 minutes, three t five days each week. Getting sweaty is gd fr yur bdy and mind.
A.It can imprve verall cgnitive perfrmance
B.They help yur muscles and rgans cmmunicate
C.The answer, studies say, lies in ur brain chemistry
D.Here are the suggestins that yu are suppsed t pay attentin t
E.It is amazing t cnsider hw mving ur bdies can affect ur minds
F.T get the biggest health bst, the key is t be engaged in sprts yu enjy
G.Participants fund benefits after 12 weeks f exercising fr 30 t 60 minutes a day
三、完形填空（15空）
In 2014, a sphmre student at the Natinal Academy f Chinese Theatre Arts went with friends fr a birthday celebratin t Beijing Z. Little did he knw that a chance 1 at the aquarium (水族馆) there wuld light a lifelng passin.
Fast-frward t tday, Xu, a Beijing native, has 2 t the trpical island f Suth China’s Hainan prvince, where he serves as a cral 3 fr a Sanya-based trpical bilgical labratry attached t the Chinese Academy f Sciences.
Each day, he spends several hurs diving deep under the waves t bserve and 4 the grwth and develpment f the creatures that 5 him all thse years ag. Xu, wh is nicknamed “cral man”, is 6 engaged n such scial media platfrms as Sina Weib, where he regularly shares visually amazing phts and entertaining vides f crals. He aims t 7 individuals t take actin in prtecting cral reefs(珊瑚礁) and the ceans as a whle.
Fr Xu, wh had been studying Peking Opera since childhd, becming a cral cnservatinist was an 8 turn f events. After he first saw crals at the aquarium, he began t 9 the lcal market t learn abut cral 10 frm merchants wh sell decrative plants, fish and crals. He als 11 infrmatin nline. Befre lng, he had set up a small fish tank at hme and started cultivating a cral.
“The cral rganism is quite sensitive t its envirnment and has extremely high 12 fr water quality,” recalls Xu. “When I started grwing cral, its state was nt 13 .” But as Xu gained mre 14 abut cral, including hw t cntrl factrs like water temperature and pH levels, his cral gradually started t flurish. He als learned that cral reefs are knwn as “trpical rainfrests” and “underwater gardens” f the cean, prviding a 15 fr a quarter f all sea creatures.
17．A.accidentB.encunter
C.applicatinD.perfrmance
18．A.mvedB.driven
C.appealedD.signaled
19．A.educatrB.ambassadr
C.artistD.cnservatinist
20．A.apprveB.increase
C.dcumentD.smth
21．A.separatedB.relieved
C.preservedD.fascinated
22．A.activelyB.finally
C.universallyD.skillfully
23．A.teachB.arrangeC.encurageD.frce
24．A.impracticalB.unexpected
C.unfrtunateD.unacceptable
25．A.frequentB.expand
C.manageD.imprve
26．A.sellingB.bserving
C.farmingD.decrating
27．A.answered frB.brught in
C.searched frD.gave ut
28．A.requirementsB.reputatins
C.peridsD.pririties
29．A.pureB.gdC.cnfusingD.strict
30．A.evidenceB.care
C.equipmentD.knwledge
31．A.mapB.hmeC.platfrmD.cntainer
四、短文填空
32． 2024 is the Year f the Dragn in the Chinese calendar and it is the first time that the Oxfrd English Dictinary (OED) ①____(include) the term “Chinese dragn” in its dictinary. The Chinese dragn has tw definitins in the OED, with the first ne abut its physical image and the secnd ne n its figurative and allusive (典故的) nature.
Emperrs in ancient dynasties were dressed in a Dragn Rbe, a traditinal silk-wven cstume with dragn designs, ②____(symblize) imperial pwer and authrity. Jade Seals (玉玺), ften ③____(carve) with dragns, als symblize the authrity f the emperr.
Cntrary ④____ the Western dragn, the image f the Chinese dragn, despite underging cnstant changes, has represented varius’ psitive ⑤____ (quality) including prsperity, authrity, strength and gd frtune.
In ancient Chinese belief, dragns ⑥____ (assciate) with the cntrl f the weather, particularly rain. The dragn’s ability t bring rain was seen as crucial fr agriculture, which made it ⑦____ psitive symbl fr the fertility f the land.
With the rising China Chic trend and the cuntry’s bming cultural creative industry, the Chinese dragn in flktale is nw ⑧____ (cmmn) seen in creative prducts such as tear-ff calendars, dlls, dragn-themed jewelry as well as the “dragn blind bxes” ⑨____ appeal t yung cnsumers.
Whether it is thrugh the hands f a natinal-level intangible (非物质) cultural heritage inheritr ⑩____ the hands f a Generatin Z “blind bx” designer, the Chinese dragn carries frward the Chinese cultural spirit.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，周末你市美术馆要举办中国画展，请你写一封邮件邀请交流生朋友Tm一起前往观展，内容包括：
1. 观展安排；
2. 注意事项。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tm,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．Pstcards Frm the Wrld
While the sun washed ver the grass f my nanny's frnt garden, I sunk int the familiarity f ne f her armchairs. My life was changed, because my belved nanny had cancer. It was terminal, and culd never be cured.
As she watched Getaway n televisin, she tld me that she'd never left Australia and that nw she never wuld. I swallwed the sadness that came with knwing that chapters f her life were t be left unwritten.
At wrk, feeling helpless, I wiped tables and tk rders and thught. The Saturday afternn lunch rush was nt enugh t distract me frm my thughts. Stricken with grief, I pndered the pwer f Facebk and the cllective strength f human empathy. I raced frm the end f my shift t ask strangers n the Internet fr help.
"My nanny Del has cancer. It's terminal and she will never see the wrld. Please send her pstcards s she can see the wrld frm her armchair. I can ffer nthing but gratitude."
I reslved nt t breathe a wrd f this; shuld nthing cme, I culdn't bear t see her disappintment. Shuld smething wander int ur humble little letterbx, I wuld cnsider it a blessing and embrace it like I embraced her little, shrinking frame.
Days turned t weeks and Nanny's health wrsened rapidly in the early mnths f 2018. Life tk me thrugh my full-time study, babysitting and waiting tables, alng with the respnsibility f caring fr a grandparent wh was t sick t care fr herself. As I helped Nanny in the early hurs f thse mrnings, she wuld chat t me abut jys and srrws. Whatever she shared became precius.
注意: 续写词数应为 150 左右。
One afternn, finally, a pstcard frm the United States arrived at ur letterbx.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In the mnths that fllwed, her living rm became a departure hall and ur flights departed daily.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"It's famus fr its utstanding cllectins f ancient sculptures and paintings frm the Middle Ages t the Mdem perid, and mainly knwn fr its paintings by Italian artists.(它 以其从中世纪到现代时期的古代雕塑和绘画的杰出 收藏而闻名，主要以意大利艺术家的绘画而闻名)"可知，乌菲齐美术馆以中世纪的古代雕像而闻 名。故选B。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"It basts the wrld's secnd finest cllectin f Egyptian antiques.(它拥有世界上第二好的埃及古董收藏)"以 及最后一段"Since its funding in 1870, it has been a treasury f rare and beautiful bjects, ranging frm Eurpean paintings, Egyptian cllectins t American paintings.(自1870年成立以来，它一直是稀有和美丽 物品的宝库，从欧洲绘画，埃及收藏品到美国绘画)"可知，游客在大英博物馆和大都会博物馆都能 享受到埃及的艺术品。故选A。
3．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"Whether yu are a fine art lver r histry enthusiast, there are sme museums that yu shuld visit in yur lifetime. Here's a list f the best museums in the wrld.(无论你是美术爱好者还是历史爱好者，总有一些博物馆是你一生中应该去参观的。这里是世界上最好的博物馆的名单)"结合文章主要介绍了世界著名的四大艺术博物馆，让读者了解它们的建筑历史、展品特点以及其它的一些相关信息。可推知，文章最有可能选自一 本博物馆指南。故选C。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“When beach-lving Madisn nticed thse plastic bttles during her family's trips t Califrnia, the 12-year-ld 'just felt like this needed t change.’ she tld Smithsnian Magazine(当热爱海滩的Madisn在加利福尼亚的家庭旅行中注意到这些塑料瓶时,这位12岁的女孩·觉得这需要改变’,她告诉《史密森尼杂志》)”可知,Madisn在加利福尼亚的家庭旅行中发现海滩上有塑料瓶,这让她产生了设计可食用水瓶的想法。故选D。
5．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“She als tk inspiratin frm previus versins f eatable water bttles, thugh she fcused n making hers bigger and mre durable.(她还从以前的可食水瓶中获得了灵感,不过她专注于让自己的水瓶更大、更耐用)”可知,她设计的水瓶在体积和耐用性上有了改善。故选C。
6．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“T bring her idea t life, Madisn built upn the already established methd by experimenting with cmmn fd materials. She als tk inspiratin frm previus versins f eatable water bttles, thugh she fcused r making hers bigger and mre durable.(为了将她的想法付诸实践,Madisn在已经建立的方法的基础上,对常见的食物材料进行了实验。她还从以前的可食水瓶中获得了灵感,不过她专注于让自己的水瓶更大、更耐用)”可推测出,Madisn根据已经建立的方法和从以前的可食用水瓶中获得的灵感,通过实验设计出了更大、更耐用的水瓶,由此可推测出,她是一个有创造力的(creative)人。根据第四段“One f my biggest ambitins fr my prject was wanting t help the wrld,’ the cnfident yung inventr said in a vide n the website.(这位自信的年轻发明家在网站上的一段视频中说:'我对这个项目最大的抱负之一是想帮助世界。”可知,她有帮助世界的抱负,由此可推测出,她是一个有抱负的(ambitius)人。故选A。
7．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是最后一段中Madisn的话“It desn't necessarily have t be in a big way(这不一定要很大)”和“Peple can still make a difference in the wrld, even if it's just in a small way.(人们仍然可以在世界上有所作为,即使只是在很小的方面)”可知,年仅12岁的女孩Madisn设计出了可食用的水瓶,用自己的方式帮助保护环境,她认为人们不一定要做出非常大的成就,小事情也能有重要影响,所以B项“小人物也能有大成就”适合作本文标题。故选B。
8．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“T ver cme the challenges and seize the pprtunities, especially t achieve lng-term ecnmic sustainability, ecnmies need t enhance plicies prmting innvatins.(为克服挑战、抓住机遇,特别是实现经济的长期可持续性,各经济体需要加强促进创新的政策)”可知,我们应该采取措施来克服人口变化带来的挑战。故选D。
9．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“As Japan’s percentage f elderly ppulatin t the ttal ppulatin increased, it impacted the cuntry's ecnmy”以及后女“in dmestic demand and decline in bth prductin and cnsumptin, and restricting the grwth f ecnmy”可知,随着日本老龄人口比例的上升,国家经济受到影响,国内需求“减少”,从而导致生产力和消费下降,经济的增长也受到约束,故划线词意思是“减少”。故选B。
10．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Sme innvative cmpanies have actively increased utward FDI(Freign Direct Investment), prviding cst advantages frm inexpensive verseas labr t maintain their cst cmpetitiveness. Hwever, the glbal ecnmy is facing the challenge f declining trade wing t the prtectinism practiced by certain cuntries. Cnsequently, the chances f bsting grwth thrugh utward FDI may be limited.(一些创新型企业积极增加对外直接投资(FDI),利用海外廉价劳动力的成本优势保持成本竞争力。然而,由于某些国家实行保护主义,全球经济正面临贸易下降的挑战。因此,通过对外直接投资促进增长的机会可能有限)”可推知,作者分别提到了FDI的优点和缺点,即对FDI的态度是客观的。故选C。
11．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therefre,it is necessary t emply cperatin plicies t supprt crpratins that prmte innvatins by increasing investment in research and develpment, facilitating the grwth f new cmpanies, and building a perfect system t prtect intellectual prperties.(因此,有必要通过加大研发投入、促进新企业成长、建立完善的知识产权保护制度等合作政策,支持推动创新的企业)”可知,作者建议采取鼓励企业创新的政策来应对先进技术带来的新任务。故选B。
12．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“They then use ne f the tw analysis methds - quantitative PCR(qPCR) r DNA sequencing (DNA 测序). Similar tCOVID tests, qPCR is used t detect if a specific species’ DNA is in the sample. Fr example, researcherested river water eDNA t see if endangered fish X was present. When it was detected, they cnfirmed that the fish lived in that river withut directly seeing it.(然后人们使用两种分析方法中的一种-定量PCR(qPCR)或DNA测序(DNA测序)。与COVID测试类似,qPCR用于检测样品中是否存在特定物种的DNA。例如,研究人员测试了河水的eDNA,看看是否存在濒危鱼类X。当它被发现时,他们没有直接看到它就能确认鱼生活在那条河里。)”可知,作者在第二段提到这个例子的目的是说明qPCR分析方法的过程。故选A。
13．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段前两“Althugh eDNA sampling cannt identify new species r thse nly knwn frm phts and vides if they are nt already listed in the reference databases, the real pwer f it lies in its ability t capture a wide range f rganisms. With just ne sample, scientists can detect all kinds f living things, frm bacteria t whales, in almst any envirnment where life exists, including the deep sea and undergrund caves.(虽然eDNA采样不能识别新物种,或者那些只从照片和视频中知道的物种,如果它们没有被列入参考数据库,但它的真正力量在于它能够捕获范围广泛的生物。只需一个样本,科学家就可以在几乎任何有生命存在的环境中探测到各种生物,从细菌到鲸鱼,包括深海和地下洞穴。)”可知,eDNA取样的优势是它可以用它的样本识别任何生物。故选D。
14．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Imagine a future where eDNA data culd be cllected frm the mst remte ceans by the autnmus a research, analyzed by the drne r n bard a research vessel (舰), and integrated with ther mnitring data s marine managers and the public can see near-real time data abut the cnditin f the cean.(想象一下未来eDNA数据可以由自动驾驶车辆从最偏远的海收集,由无人机或研究船上进行分析,并与其他监测数据相结合,这样海洋管理者和公众就可以看到有关海洋状况的近实时数据。)”可知,cDNA数据在未来可以应用于为海洋监管提供统计数据。故选D
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Figuring ut bidiversity patterns and detecting rare r just-gd-at hiding species has lng psed challenges fr ecsystem nnitring and cnservatin effrts, Traditinal survey methds are labr intensive and cver limited areas.Nw, emerging envirnmental DNA (eDNA) technique pen new pssibilities.(长期以来,弄清楚生物多样性的模式,探测稀有或善于隐藏的物种,一直是生态系统监测和保护工作的挑战。传统的调查方法是劳动密集型的,覆盖范围有限。现在,新兴的环境DNA(eDNA)技术开启了新的可能性。)”可知,文章主要是讲新的生物多样性监测技术即将问世。故选C。
16．答案：C;B;G;A;F
解析：①根据上文“Why des exercise hld s many benefits fr ur mental health?(为什么运动对我们的儿理健康有这么多好处?)”可知,本句主要回答上文的问题,结合后文“When ur muscles tighten,chains f amin acids (氨基酸) called mykines(肌细胞因子are released int the bldstream.(当我们的肌肉收紫时,被称为肌促因子的氨基酸链被释放到血液中)”提到chains f amin acids氨基酸链的被释放,现了正是C选项中chemistry的体现。故C选项“研究表明,答案在于我们大脑中的化学物质”符合语境故选C。
②根据上文“When ur muscles tighten, chain f amin acids (氨基酸) called mykines (肌细胞因子are released int the bldstream.(当我们的肌肉收紧时,被称为肌促因子的氨基酸链被释放到血液中)”以及后文“This cmmunicatin increases adaptatin t stress, reduces symptms f anxiety and has a direct effect n depressin.(这种交流增加了对压力的适应,减少了焦虑的症状,并对抑郁有直接影响)”可知,本句承接上文,说明氨基酸链的具体作用,B选项中they指代空格前chains f amin acids和空格后This cmmunicatin指选项 yur muscles and rgans cmiunicatc。故B选项“它们帮助你的肌肉和器官交流”符合语境,故选B。
③根据上文“A recent study published in the British Jumal f Sprts Medicine shwed that treatment fr depressin can be much mre effective when physical activity is added t the usual care.(最发表在《英国运动医学杂志》上的一项研究表明,如果在日常护理中加入体育活动,抑郁症的治疗会更有效)”以及后文…While exereise is nt a substitu fr prfessinal mental health treatment, physical activity can cmplement and enhance the effects f the treatment," says lead researcher Ben Singh, a research fellw at the University f Suth Australia. He says regular exercise in a grup setting can bst self-esteem decrease feelings f islatin and lneliness.(南澳大利亚大学研究员、首席研究员本·辛格说:“虽然运动不能代替专业的心理健康治疗,但体育活动可以补充并增强治疗效果。”他说,在团体环境中定期锻炼可以增强自尊,减少孤立感和孤独感)”可知,本句主要就上文加入体育活动展开具体说明,且此处涉及研究,推测本句与研究中的参与者有关。故G选项“参与者在12周后发现每天锻炼30到60分钟是有益的”符合语境,故选G。
④根据上文“Exercise helps build key cnnectins between the netwrks within the brain, t a(锻炼也有助于建立大脑网络之间的关键连接)”以及后文“Studies have shwn that physical activity stimulates creativity, sharpens judgement skills and imprves mental energy, It can als help t slw agree lated cgnitive decline, pssibly even slwing the pace f develping Alzheimer's disease.(研究表明,体育活动可以激发创造力,提高判断能力,提高精神能量。它还可以帮助减缓与年龄相关的认知衰退,甚至可能减缓阿尔茨海默病的发展速度)”可知,本句主要是在说明体育活动对人的大脑的具体好处,故A选项“它可以提高整体认知能力”符合语境,故选A。
⑤根据后文“In this way yu'll keep ging back t them. Experts suggest that yu aim fr a minimum f 10 t 30 minutes, three t five days each week. (ietting sweaty is gd fr yur bdy and mind.(这样你就会不断回到他们身边。专家建议,你的目标是每周至少锻炼3到5天,每次10到30分钟。出汗对你的身心都有好处)”可知,该空位于文章未段,起到总结作用,另外空格后面In this way对应F选项中t be engaged in sprts yu enjy,them指代rts。故F选项“为了最大程度地促进健康,关键是尔喜欢的运动”符合语境,故选F。
17．答案：B
解析：考查名词,根据句子意思“他一点也不知道,在那里水族馆的一次偶遇会点燃他一生的激情”。a chance encunter偶然相遇。accident事故、(不幸的)意外遭遇,applicatin 申请、应用,perfrmance 表演、表现。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词,mve搬迁,迁移,空格前说到 Xu是北京人,空格后应该是搬到海南省工作。drive驾驶、驱赶,appeal呼吁、吸引,signal发信号。
19．答案：D
解析：考查名词,cnservatinist保护主义者,根据第三段is nick named “cralman”和第四段cnservatinist可知。educatr教育工作者,ambassadr 大使,artist艺术家。
20．答案：C
解析：考查动词,dcument n文件,v记录,记载,本句讲述“他花了几个小时潜入海浪深处,观察和记录这些生物的生长发育”。apprve 赞成、批准,increase增长,smth 弄平滑。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词,fascinate 迷住,根据第一段 light a lifelng passin,得知creatures(指珊瑚)一直深深吸引着他。separate分离,relieve缓解,preserve保护。
22．答案：A
解析：考查副词,actively积极地、活跃地,根据本句后面 regularly shares 可知Xu 在新浪微博等社交媒体平台上很活跃。finally终于、最后,universally 普遍地,skillfully 精巧地。
23．答案：C
解析：考查动词,encurage鼓励,根据上下文得知 Xu对珊瑚的热情,保护珊瑚,所以是鼓励更多人采取行动保护珊瑚礁。teach教会,arrange安排,frce强迫。
24．答案：B
解析：考查形容词,unexpected意外的,根据空格前得知他从小就学习京剧,和第一段与水族馆的偶遇从而产生一生的热情可推断,Xu成为一个珊瑚保护主义者是意想不到的。impractical不切实际的,unfrtunate 不幸的,unacceptable不能接受的。
25．答案：A
解析：考查动词,frequent常去,本句意思是“他第一次在水族馆看到珊瑚后,就开始经常到当地市场去了解珊瑚”,且根据本段最后一句可知 Xu为了更好的培育珊瑚,他还上网搜索信息。expand扩大,manage处理,imprve改善。
26．答案：C
解析：考查动名词,farming养殖,根据下一句 set up a small fish tank at hme and started cultivating a cral,和下一段started grwing cral可知。selling 销售,bserving观察,decrating装饰。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语,searched fr寻找,根据本段Xu为了更好的培育珊瑚,他常到当地市场去了解、还上网搜索信息等做法。answer fr对负责,bring in 引入,give ut散布。
28．答案：A
解析：考查名词,requirement要求,根据空格前“珊瑚生物很脆弱”,所以判断对水质有极高的要求。reputatin名声,perid时期,pririty 优先
29．答案：B
解析：考查形容词,gd 好的,根据空格前When I started grwing cral 与空格后 t flurish可知,刚开始时珊瑚状态不好。pure 纯的,cnfusing令人迷惑的,stict 严厉的。
30．答案：D
解析：考查名词,knwledge知识,根据上一句说到刚开始时珊瑚状态不好,和空格后面including hw t cntrl factrs like water temperature and pH levels可知 Xu 获取更多关于珊瑚的知识。evidence证据,care 照料,equipment 设齐
31．答案：B
解析：考查名词,hme家,根据空格前“珊瑚礁被称为海洋的热带雨林和水下花园”,可判断珊瑚为四分之一的海洋生物提供一个家园。map地图,platfrm平台、月台,cntainer容器。
32．答案：
hasincluded;symblizing;carved;t;qualities;were assciated;a;cmmnly;which/that;r
解析：①考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:2024年是中国农历的龙年,这是《牛津英语词典》首次将"Chinese dragn(中国龙)"纳入词典。所填动词作句子的谓语动词,结合句式结构为"it is+the+序数词+that+主语+have/has dne..."可知,这里用完成时结构,主语the Oxfrd English Dictinary为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has included。
②考查现在分词。句意:古代帝王都穿龙袍,这是一种传统的丝织服装,上面有龙的图案,象征着皇权和权威。a Dragn Rbe与symblize之间是主谓关系,为非谓语动词,用现在分词短语作定语。故填symblizing。
③考查过去分词。句意:玉玺,通常刻有龙,也象征着皇帝的权威。Jade Seals与carve之间为被动关系,为非谓语动词,用过去分词短语作定语。故填carved。
④考查介词。句意:与西方的龙相反,中国龙的形象尽管经历了不断的变化,但却代表了各种积极的品质,包括繁荣、权威、力量和好运。cntrary t..,意为"与..…相反",是名词短语。故填t。
⑤考查可数名词复数。句意:与西方的龙相反,中国龙的形象尽管经历了不断的变化,但却代表了各种积极的品质,包括繁荣、权威、力量和好运。quality意为“品质”时是可数名词,其前有varius修饰时要用可数名词复数。故填qualities。
⑥考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:在中国古代的信仰中,龙与控制天气,特别是雨水有关。所填动词作句子的谓语动词,根据In ancient Chinese belief可知,用一般过去时,主语dragns与assciate之间为被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语dragns是复数,be动词用were。故填were assciated。
⑦考查不定冠词。句意:龙带来雨水的能力被视为对农业至关重要,这使它成为土地肥沃的积极象征。symbl是可数名词,单数形式前加不定冠词a/an表示泛指,因psitive读音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。故填a。
⑧考查副词。句意:随着中国时尚潮流的兴起和中国文化创意产业的蓬勃发展,民间传说中的中国龙现在经常出现在创意产品中,如可撕下的日历、玩偶、以龙为主题的珠宝以及吸引年轻消费者的“龙盲盒”。这里用副词cmmnly作状语修饰动词seen。故填cmmnly。
⑨考查定语从句。句意:随着中国时尚潮流的兴起和中国文化创意产业的蓬勃发展,民间传说中的中国龙现在经常出现在创意产品中,如可撕下的日历、玩偶、以龙为主题的珠宝以及吸引年轻消费者的"龙盲盒"。先行词the"dragn blind bxes"在定语从句中作主语,指物,用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
⑩考查连词。句意:不管是通过国家级非物质文化遗产传承人之手,还是通过Z世代“盲盒”设计师之手,中国龙都在弘扬中国文化精神。根据前文中"Whether."可知,这里应是"",意为“是.….还是…,不管..还是”,是连词词组。故填r。
33．答案：Dear Tm,
Learning that yu are enthusiastic abut Chinese paintings, I’m writing t invite yu t attend a Chinese Art Exhibitin.
The exhibitin, which will take place n Saturday frm 10 am t 5 pm in the City Art Gallery, features a cllectin f beautiful Chinese paintings that highlight the rich cultural heritage f the cuntry.
Please nte that we shuld arrive early t avid the crwd. Additinally, bringing a camera is advisable in the gallery. But dn’t smke r make lud nise.
Please let me knw if yu can jin me. I’m lking frward t ur visit tgether.
Yurs,
Li Hua
34．答案： One afternn, finally, a pstcard frm the United States arrived at ur letterbx. The simple pstcard was a beacn f hpe fr me. I held it tightly in my hands, read and reread the wrds written n the back f the pstcard: Nanny Del, thinking f yu in Michigan, the U.S. A... Frm that day, ur letterbx became the destinatin fr pstcards frm all ver the wrld. Our letterbx became a htel, receiving pstcards frm everywhere: China, France, Italy and s n. These cards were full f lve and kindness. I read the cards t Nanny. Tears f happiness mixed with grief fell nt thse pstcards.
In the mnths that fllwed, her living rm became a departure hall and ur flights departed daily. Her hspital bed became an airprt lunge, where we researched and planned ur next departure. We visited Paris and cruised the River Seine. Nanny hung ut fr every visit frm the pstman, eagerly awaiting the news f her next departure. "I just can't believe these kind strangers did this fr a little ld lady they've never met" became a sentiment she murmured many times. I was grateful that these senders made a huge difference t us in a way they'd never knw. Our travels tk us far and wide. Nanny's cancer culd nt stp us.
解析：