辽宁省朝阳市凌源市2024届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份辽宁省朝阳市凌源市2024届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Gene-edited Fds: Yes r N?
Gene-edited fds culd sn be hitting supermarket shelves in the UK as the gvernment annunced plans t allw gene-edited fds t be sld unlabeled in British supermarkets, prmting an utcry frm sme cnsumers wh claim they “shuld be given a chice”.
GE fds are prduced using the gene-editing tl CRISPR, which edits the existing DNA f a plant r animal. Unlike genetically mdified fd, gene-edited fd cntains n “freign” DNA frm ther species. Scientists use a specialized prtein t make tiny changes t the rganism’s DNA that culd ccur naturally r thrugh selective breeding.
Envirnment Secretary Gerge Eustice insisted that GE prducts wuld nt need t be advertised as such because they are “fundamentally natural”. Hwever, Sctland and Wales bth vwed t reject the mve, and Britain’s biggest supermarkets have s far refused t cnfirm if they will stck the fds.
Nw let’s take a clser lk at sme f the GE fds that culd be n shelves in the UK as early as next year.
Vitamin D-bsted tmates
Tmates have been genetically engineered t prduce mre vitamin D. Researchers claim that the “super” fruits culd help reduce the risk f develping diseases such as cancer, Parkinsn’s disease and dementia (痴呆).
Mushrms that dn’t g brwn
A variety f white buttn mushrm has been genetically edited s that it desn’t g brwn when sliced. The researchers used CRISPR t remve a small piece f ne gene that causes mushrm brwning. Thus it can stay n supermarket shelves fr lnger, reducing fd waste.
Bread that reduces cancer risk frm burnt tast
Acrylamide (丙烯酰胺), a substance that can cause cancer, is created when bread is baked r tasted. Researchers have edited the genme (基因组) f wheat t reduce its prductin f the cancer-causing chemical.
Chickens resistant t bird flu
Researchers have used gene-editing techniques t grw chicken cells that are unable t replicate the bird flu virus in a lab. They edited a sectin f chicken DNA t make it resistant t the virus.
1．What can be knwn abut GE fds?
A. They edit their wn existing DNA.
B. They have freign DNA frm ther species.
C. They are cmpletely as natural as rdinary fds.
D. They are exactly the same as genetically mdified fds.
2．What’s the right attitude tward GE fds?
A. The UK gvernment supprts GE fds.
B. Gerge Eustice is against GE fds.
C. Sme cnsumers bject t GE fds being sld.
D. Britain’s biggest supermarkets welcme GE fds.
3．All f the fllwing can help reduce the disease EXCEPT ________.
A. vitamin D-bsted tmates’
B. mushrms that dn’t g brwn
C. bread that reduces cancer risk frm burnt tast
D. chickens resistant t bird flu
A schlgirl has created a slar-pwered backpack that filters ut air pllutin after being inspired by her asthmatic (患哮喘病的) mther.
Eleanr Wds, 12, frm High Burtn, Huddersfield, a twn in West Yrkshire, nrthern England, entered the “Backpack t the Future” cmpetitin after her mther put the applicatin frm in her rm. She went n t win the award fr her innvative bag.
The “Backpack t the future” cmpetitin was launched t change perceptins (认知), encurage mre diversity within engineering and t shw children hw they culd cmbine an interest in fashin with a career in science, technlgy, engineering r math.
Pwered by green energy frm slar pwer and a dynam — a machine that cnverts mechanical energy int electrical energy — the backpack filters plluted air befre fanning ut cleaner air nearby. “I have an air filter at hme because my mum has mild asthma. My Breathe Better Backpack is all abut keeping my friends, family and classmates safe using an air filter. It lks cl and will help get kids utside and fight ff clds,” Eleanr said. “The first thing that came t mind is that blue is ne f my favrite clrs and blue feels clean and the bubbles n the utside have a clean theme fr breathing.”
The pandemic spurred n Eleanr’s awareness f hw pllutin affects a persn’s health and the spread f diseases. Spending a lt f time with her asthmatic mum ver several lck dwns gave the 12-year-ld fd fr thught.
The schlgirl added: “My generatin is really aware f pllutin, and we have lessns n it at schl alng with diseases spreading, and this is anther reasn I designed this, because it is getting much wrse.”
The yung designer said she is becming increasingly aware f the pllutin that surrunds her, as she lives n a main rad. Eleanr said: “I walk t schl, next t the rad, and can taste the petrl when buses cme thrugh.”
Speaking after winning the cmpetitin, Eleanr said the impact f her backpack will be far-reaching. “If just a few peple start using it, it culd be really gd fr the planet,” she said.
4．What was the “Backpack t the future” cmpetitin aimed at?
A. Arusing curisity in fashin.
B. Increasing interest in engineering.
C. Raising envirnmental awareness.
D. Bnding interest with scientific practice.
5．What des the furth paragraph imply?
A. The backpack is easy t carry.
B. The backpack is blue with bubbles.
C. The backpack is safe fr kids indrs.
D. The backpack is nly pwered by slar energy.
6．What is the feature f Eleanr Wds’ innvative bag?
A. It is fashinable.B. It des gd t health.
C. It is energy-saving.D. It des harm t envirnment.
7．Which wrd describes Eleanr Wds?
A. Creative.B. Generus.C. ActiveD. Adventurus.
Peple wh keep chickens as pets r barnyard animals tend t be quite passinate abut them. Similar t thse wh keep cats and dgs as animal friends, chicken wners lve t spil their little nes. If that means building tiny amusement parks t keep them happy, then that’s exactly what they will d.
Chickens have mre persnality than many peple give them credit fr. Like humans, chickens lve t have fun, explre, and just kind f check stuff ut.
What happens if chickens get bred?
Bred chickens tend t engage in bad behavirs. These can include pecking at and fighting with ne anther and pulling ut each ther’s feathers.
Part f keeping and caring fr chickens (r any animal fr that matter) includes making sure they have everything they need t be happy. That includes entertainment and things t keep their days interesting.
One methd is t hang up a piece f cabbage. Nt nly des this keep the chickens entertained, but it als gives them a healthy surce f nurishment.
There is anther fun ty yu can build fr yur chickens, and all yu need is sme ld bicycle tires. Chicken merry-g-runds are abut t becme all the rage (风靡一时) in chicken sciety. T d this, all yu need t d is remve the wheel frm a bike. Then lay the wheel ut ver tp smething s the chickens are able t spin and ride n tp. The chickens seem t knw hw t jump right n and g fr a ride. They might nt react like a human n a rllercaster (过山车), but their behavir tends t shw it is an enjyable experience fr them. The wheels can be spread ut thrugh yur garden, backyard, r wherever yur chickens like t ram. They help make their days mre interesting, fun, and unique!
8．What’s the purpse f hanging up a piece f cabbage?
A. T feed chickens.B. T train chickens.
C. T amuse chickens.D. T punish chickens.
9．What des the wrd underlined in the last paragraph mean?
A. Hatch.B. Rest.C. Gather.D. Wander.
10．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. A New PetB. Chickens’ Beautiful Life
C. Peple’s FriendsD. Harmnius Cexistence
11．Where is the text prbably frm?
A. A magazine.B. A bigraphy.C. A diary.D. A nvel.
Parts f East Asia culd see “rivers in the sky” frm due t climate change, bringing recrd-breaking levels f rainfall with them, a new study has revealed.
The team, frm the University f Tsukuba, Japan, have already seen clear signs f glbal warming hitting parts f the cuntry, s they wanted t see hw bad things culd get. “It’s been becming mre and mre clear that glbal warming means mre than just warmer temperatures,” they wrte.
One particularly-damaging extreme weather event is an increase in rainfall t unexpected and unprecedented (前所未有的) levels, which can result in flding. T help predict rainfall events, researchers lked t ne f the causes — the interactin f atmspheric rivers with muntain ranges.
“As the name suggests, atmspheric rivers are lng, narrw bands f cncentrated water vapur flwing thrugh the atmsphere,” the team explained. “When ne f these bands meets a barrier, such as a muntain range, it can prduce extreme levels f rainfall r snwfall.”
Parts f East Asia have been subjected t (遭受) an increasing number f damaging, extreme weather events ver the past decade.
T understand the impact, the team used high-reslutin glbal atmspheric circulatins mdel simulatins (模拟) that virtually re-create the cnditins in the atmsphere. They then lked at ther reginal climate mdels, cmparing simulatins based n real, meterlgical data (气象数据) frm 1951 t 2010 t predictins fr 2090.
Authrs used the climate scenari that wuld result in 4℃ f warming, cmpared t preindustrial levels — which is significantly mre than 2℃ target set as part f Paris Climate Agreement.
First authr, Prfessr Yichi Kamae, said that their simulatins predict strengthened water vapur transprt, as well as increased rainfall at unprecedented levels. In simulatins the greatest amunts f atmspheric river-related rainfall ccurred n the suthern and western slpes f muntains in East Asia, including in Japan, the Krean Peninsula, and nrtheastern China. They had t limit the study t East Asia due t cmputer time and prcessing limitatins, but predict it wuld apply t ther regins arund the wrld.
12．What’s the pssible cnsequence f the glbal warming?
A. It cntributes t plluted air.
B. It leads t ht and rainy climate.
C. It nly results in the rise f temperature.
D. It causes the destructin f mre species.
13．The authr wrte Paragraph 4 t ________.
A. describe the new studyB. intrduce atmspheric rivers
C. analyze the cause f rainfallD. warn peple f glbal warming
14．Hw is the research carried t knw the effect?
A. By cmparisn.B. By discussin.C. By examples.D. By explanatin
15．What’s the attitude f Prfessr Yichi Kamae tward their simulatins?
A. They are risky.B. They are valueless.
C. They are perfect.D. They are cnvincing.
二、七选五
16．5 Prven Ways t Imprve Yur Cncentratin
We’re all suffering frm prer cncentratin nwadays. ① _________ Here are sme simple habits t try.
Minimize distractin.
② _________ Wrk in a different rm if yu can. If yu find yurself sidetracked (转移目标) by digital devices, turn ff ntificatins (通知) and train yurself t check them at set intervals. Set a timer.
③ _________
Whether it’s music, white nise r even silence, yu might find there’s a particular sund that helps yu maintain yur attentin. This enhances alpha waves—brain waves that prmte relaxatin and are thught t play a rle in cgnitin (认知) and, accrding t a small 2015 American study, make yu mre creative.
Fcus n the right fds.
Yu might get help frm certain s-called “brain fds”. ④ _________ One f the best ways t keep yur brain fit is t eat a healthy diet.
Mve yur bdy.
When yu exercise, yur heart rate increases, causing yur bdy t release a prtein called brain-derived neurtrphic factr, r BDNF, which aids nerve cell grwth. ⑤ _________
Sleep well.
Wh desn’t suffer frm brain fg after a bad night? Everyne needs different amunts f shuteye but aiming fr seven t nine hurs is cnsidered the ideal.
A. Structure yur life.
B. Find the right sund.
C. These include fish, nuts, blueberries and dark chclate.
D. This is imprtant fr cncentratin, memry and learning.
E. But there are ways yu can imprve yur fcus and get stuff dne.
F. But even news platfrms, and emails can be highly attentin sapping.
G. Remving yurself frm peple and devices will allw yu t cncentrate better.
三、完形填空（15空）
Jan Dnvan was 84 years ld when she finished her cllege degree, but the great-grandmther said she didn’t want t stp learning just yet.
“I culdn’t wait t get up in the mrning t g t schl. I met the mst 1 peple and fessrs. Everyne surrunded me with 2 and supprt. And I learned that I had a 3 fr writing,” Dnvan said. “That’s when I fund Suthern New Hampshire University, which is a wnderful schl. I just lved every minute f it.”
Fur years later, n December 13, 2022, Dnvan graduated frm Suthern New Hampshire University with a master’s 4 in creative writing.
Dnvan said the university heard she was graduating when her sn called the schl t 5 a frame fr her diplma as a Christmas present. 6 , the schl decided t send mre than just a framed diplma, including a cap and gwn, cupcakes, ballns and university spirit wear (印有大学精神的服装).
When she was yung, Dnvan’s mther called her “Brilliant”. She started first grade at the age f 4 and graduated high schl by 16. The family culdn’t 7 cllege, but she was able t take sme pst-graduate classes fr free at her high schl.
Dnavan always wanted a 8 educatin, but marriage, babies and a busy life 9 things a bit. But she never gave up n her dream.
“I’m a gal-seeker,” she said. “And it was a gal, and I 10 it. It’s a dream cme true, really.” Nw, Dnvan said she is using her new degree t write a nvel as well as an autbigraphy.
“Well, I waited 60 years t 11 my dream. S I hpe thers dn’t have t wait that lng,” said Dnvan, adding that her autbigraphy will be abut 12 the “radblcks” f life.
Dnvan, wh has 10 grandchildren and nine great-grandchildren, said the mst imprtant thing she’s learned in life is t be a “ 13 learner”.
“Dn’t ever give up. I mean, 14 smething desn’t wrk the first time, just try it again,” she said. “And 15 , yu’ll find yur dream cme true.”
17．A. imprtantB. cmpetitiveC. prmisingD. intelligent
18．A. curisityB. encuragementC. admiratinD. cngratulatin
19．A. lveB. trickC. interestD. hbby
20．A. psitinB. dcumentC. degreeD. grade
21．A. apply frB. ask frC. care frD. lk fr
22．A. StillB. BesidesC. HweverD. Anyway
23．A. attendB. admitC. apprveD. affrd
24．A. frmalB. valuableC. specialD. flexible
25．A. buriedB. delayedC. permittedD. expanded
26．A. reachedB. establishedC. searchedD. succeeded
27．A. satisfyB. challengeC. discverD. fulfill
28．A. buildingB. abandningC. vercmingD. seizing
29．A. hard-wrkingB. lifelngC. well-knwnD. selfless
30．A. ifB. sinceC. thughD. while
31．A. frtunatelyB. immediatelyC. thankfullyD. eventually
四、短文填空
32．Smetimes referred t as the Thailand Water Festival, Sngkran is an annual event that marks the① _________ (begin) f the Thai New Year. It’s the② _________ (large) celebratin thrughut the whle cuntry.
The festival kicks ff③ _________ April 13 and usually lasts three days thugh festivities can start early r end later in sme cities. The hliday’s main fcus is abut mving frward — in fact, the wrd Sngkran cmes frm a phrase in④ _________ Sanskrit language that means “passage f the sun”.
Water plays a majr rle in the festival. ⑤ _________ (symblical) it washes away the previus year s peple can get ready fr the next ne.
Many families wake up early during Sngkran and visit Buddhist temples, ⑥ _________ they bring fferings such as fd and listen t mnks as they preach. Peple sprinkle clean r scented water ver statues f Buddha t represent purificatin and gd frtune. Yunger⑦ _________ (visit) als pur water n the hands f elderly relatives and friends⑧ _________ (shw) their respect and ask fr blessings in the cming year.
Hnring family traditins and⑨ _________ (religin) practices are imprtant, but s is having sme fun. Outside, Sngkran⑩ _________ (celebrate) with street parties featuring lud music and a giant friendly water fight!
五、书面表达
33．目前，很多学生苦恼学习效率低，觉得时间不够用。学校组织班会，以“Hw t Spend Time Prperly”为题，让同学们进行讨论。请你从以下方面准备发言稿。
1. 恰当管理时间的意义；
2. 如何恰当管理时间，给出建议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Hw t Spend Time Prperly
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A yung man named Mnty Rberts wh was the sn f an itinerant (巡回的) hrse trainer wh wuld g frm stable t stable, race track t race track, farm t farm and ranch (大农场) t ranch, training hrses. As a result, the by’s high schl career was cntinuusly interrupted. When he was a senir, he was asked t write a paper describing his gal f smeday wning a hrse ranch. He wrte abut his dream in great detail and he even drew a diagram f a 200-acre ranch, shwing the lcatin f all the buildings, the stables and the truck. Then he drew a detailed flr plan fr a 40000 square-ft huse that wuld sit n the 200-acre dream ranch.
“He put a great deal f his heart int the prject and the next day he handed it in t his teacher. Tw days later he received his paper back. On the frnt page was a large red F with a nte that read, “See me after class.”
The by with the dream went t see the teacher after class and asked, “Why did I receive an F?”
The teacher said, “This is an unrealistic dream fr a yung by like yu. Yu have n mney. Yu cme frm an itinerant family. Yu have n resurces. Owning a hrse ranch requires a lt f mney. Yu have t buy the land. Yu have t pay fr the riginal breeding stck and later yu’ll have t pay large stud fees. There’s n way yu culd ever d it.” Then the teacher added, “If yu rewrite this paper with a mre realistic gal, I will recnsider yur grade.”
Paragraph 1:
The by went hme and thught abut it lng and hard.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Many years later, the same schl teacher brught 30 kids t camp n a hrse ranch wned by Mnty Rberts.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“GE fds are prduced using the gene-editing tl CRISPR, which edits the existing DNA f a plant r animal.(基因编辑食品是使用基因编辑工具CRISPR生产的，该工具可以编辑植物或动物的现有DNA)”可知，基因编辑食品编辑自己现有的DNA。故选A。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Gene-edited fds culd sn be hitting supermarket shelves in the UK as the gvernment annunced plans t allw gene-edited fds t be sld unlabeled in British supermarkets, prmting an utcry frm sme cnsumers wh claim they “shuld be given a chice”.(基因编辑食品可能很快就会出现在英国超市的货架上，因为政府宣布了允许基因编辑食品在英国超市不加标签地销售的计划，这引发了一些消费者的强烈抗议，他们声称“应该给他们一个选择”)”以及第二段“Unlike genetically mdified fd, gene-edited fd cntains n “freign” DNA frm ther species. Scientists use a specialized prtein t make tiny changes t the rganism’s DNA that culd ccur naturally r thrugh selective breeding.(与转基因食品不同，基因编辑食品不含来自其他物种的“外来”DNA。科学家们使用一种特殊的蛋白质对生物体的DNA进行微小的改变，这种改变可以自然发生，也可以通过选择性育种发生)”可知，英国政府支持基因编辑食品是对转基因食品的正确态度。故选A。
3．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Tmates have been genetically engineered t prduce mre vitamin D. Researchers claim that the “super” fruits culd help reduce the risk f develping diseases such as cancer, Parkinsn’s disease and dementia (痴呆).(西红柿经过基因工程改造，可以产生更多的维生素D。研究人员称，这种“超级”水果有助于降低患癌症、帕金森病和痴呆症等疾病的风险)”；倒数第二段“Acrylamide (丙烯酰胺), a substance that can cause cancer, is created when bread is baked r tasted. Researchers have edited the genme (基因组) f wheat t reduce its prductin f the cancer-causing chemical.(丙烯酰胺是一种会导致癌症的物质，它是在烤面包时产生的。研究人员编辑了小麦的基因组，以减少其致癌化学物质的产生)”以及最后一段“Researchers have used gene-editing techniques t grw chicken cells that are unable t replicate the bird flu virus in a lab. They edited a sectin f chicken DNA t make it resistant t the virus.(研究人员利用基因编辑技术在实验室中培育出了不能复制禽流感病毒的鸡细胞。他们编辑了鸡的一段DNA，使其对病毒具有抵抗力)”可知，B选项“不会变成棕色的蘑菇”不是可以减少疾病的方法。故选B。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由第三段中“The “Backpack t the future” cmpetitin was launched t change perceptins (认知), encurage mre diversity within engineering and t shw children hw they culd cmbine an interest in fashin with a career in science, technlgy, engineering r math. (“面向未来的背包”比赛旨在改变人们的观念，鼓励工程领域的更多多样性，并向孩子们展示如何将时尚兴趣与科学、技术、工程或数学职业相结合)”可知，“面向未来的背包”比赛的目标是将兴趣与科学实践联系起来。故选D项。
5．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由第四段中“The first thing that came t mind is that blue is ne f my favrite clrs and blue feels clean and the bubbles n the utside have a clean theme fr breathing. (首先想到的是蓝色是我最喜欢的颜色之一，蓝色感觉很干净，外面的气泡有一个干净的呼吸主题)”可知，第四段暗示这个背包是蓝色的，上面有气泡。故选B项。
6．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由第四段中“My Breathe Better Backpack is all abut keeping my friends, family and classmates safe using an air filter. It lks cl and will help get kids utside and fight ff clds (我的Breathe Better双肩包就是为了用空气过滤器保护我的朋友、家人和同学的安全。它看起来很凉爽，有助于让孩子们出门，抵御感冒)”可知，Eleanr Wds的创新背包的特点在于它对健康有益。故选B项。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由第二段中“She went n t win the award fr her innvative bag. (她因其新颖的背包而获奖)”和第四段中“Pwered by green energy frm slar pwer and a dynam — a machine that cnverts mechanical energy int electrical energy — the backpack filters plluted air befre fanning ut cleaner air nearby. (背包由太阳能和发电机提供的绿色能源提供动力，发电机是一种将机械能转化为电能的机器，它过滤污染的空气，然后在附近散发出更清洁的空气)”可知，Eleanr Wds很有创意。故选A项。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段“One methd is t hang up a piece f cabbage. Nt nly des this keep the chickens entertained, but it als gives them a healthy surce f nurishment. (一种方法是挂一块卷心菜。这不仅能让鸡开心，还能给它们提供健康的营养来源)”可知，挂一块卷心菜是为了逗鸡开心。故选C项。
9．答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“The wheels can be spread ut thrugh yur garden, backyard, r wherever (轮子可以散布在你的花园、后院，或者任何地方)”可知，此处是描述放置轮子的位置，再结合画线词的下文“They help make their days mre interesting, fun, and unique! (它们让它们的生活更有趣、愉快和独特)”可知，放置这些轮子是为了让鸡开心。由此推知，花园、后院这些应该都是鸡喜欢闲逛的地方，可以放轮子让它们玩，画线词意思应该是“闲逛，漫游”，与wander意思相近。故选D项。
10．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Similar t thse wh keep cats and dgs as animal friends, chicken wners lve t spil their little nes. If that means building tiny amusement parks t keep them happy, then that’s exactly what they will d. (就像那些把猫和狗当作动物朋友的人一样，养鸡的人也喜欢宠坏他们的小家伙。如果这意味着构建小型游乐园让它们快乐，那他们就会这么做)”可知，文章主要为养鸡的人介绍了如何为喜欢玩耍和探索的鸡提供娱乐和创造有趣的环境，让它们保持快乐。因此，B项“鸡的美好生活”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
11．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。纵观全文可知，文章首先介绍养鸡的人对待鸡会充满热情和关爱，然后强调鸡也有个性，喜欢玩耍和探索；再引出主体内容，建议养鸡的人避免鸡感到无聊带来的不良行为，为鸡提供娱乐，创造有趣的环境，让它们保持快乐。因此，文章主要是从客观事实上提供日常养鸡方面的建议，语言较为平实，兼具趣味性，很可能出自一本杂志。故选A项。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由第二段中“It’s been becming mre and mre clear that glbal warming means mre than just warmer temperatures (越来越清楚的是，全球变暖不仅仅意味着气温升高)”和第三段中“One particularly-damaging extreme weather event is an increase in rainfall t unexpected and unprecedented (前所未有的) levels, which can result in flding. (一个特别具有破坏性的极端天气事件是降雨量增加到前所未有的水平，这可能导致洪水)”可知，全球变暖的可能后果是气候炎热多雨。故选B项。
13．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由第四段““As the name suggests, atmspheric rivers are lng, narrw bands f cncentrated water vapur flwing thrugh the atmsphere,” the team explained. “When ne f these bands meets a barrier, such as a muntain range, it can prduce extreme levels f rainfall r snwfall.”(该团队解释道：“顾名思义，大气河流是流经大气的细长的浓缩水蒸气带。”“当其中一条带遇到山脉等障碍物时，可能会产生极端程度的降雨或降雪。”)”可知，第四段主要讲降雨产生的原因，可得出作者写第四段是为了分析降雨的原因。故选C项。
14．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中“They then lked at ther reginal climate mdels, cmparing simulatins based n real, meterlgical data (气象数据) frm 1951 t 2010 t predictins fr 2090. (然后，他们研究了其他区域气候模型，将1951年至2010年基于真实气象数据的模拟与2090年的预测进行了比较)”和倒数第二段“Authrs used the climate scenari that wuld result in 4℃ f warming, cmpared t preindustrial levels — which is significantly mre than 2℃ target set as part f Paris Climate Agreement. (研究发起人使用了与工业化前水平相比将导致4摄氏度变暖的气候情景——这大大高于《巴黎气候协定》设定的2摄氏度目标)”可知，研究通过比较来了解研究结果。故选A项。
15．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中“They had t limit the study t East Asia due t cmputer time and prcessing limitatins, but predict it wuld apply t ther regins arund the wrld. (由于计算机时间和处理的限制，他们不得不将这项研究限制在东亚，但预测它将适用于世界其他地区)”可知，Kamae Yichi教授认为他们的模拟将适用于世界其他地区，可得出Kamae Yichi教授认为他们的模拟令人信服。故选D项。
16．答案：①-⑤EGBCD
解析：①前文“We’re all suffering frm prer cncentratin nwadays. (我们现在都在遭受注意力不集中的困扰)”提到注意力不集中的困扰很普遍，后文“Here are sme simple habits t try. (这里有一些简单的习惯可以尝试)”提到可以尝试一些方法，空处应该和该问题可以解决相关。因此E项“But there are ways yu can imprve yur fcus and get stuff dne. (但是有一些方法可以提高你的注意力，把事情做好)”符合语境，和前文构成转折，引出后文，其中的fcus和前文的cncentratin呼应。故选E。
②本段小标题“Minimize distractin. (减少分心)”表明本段介绍如何减少分心，后文“Wrk in a different rm if yu can. If yu find yurself sidetracked (转移目标) by digital devices, turn ff ntificatins (通知) and train yurself t check them at set intervals. (如果可以的话，换一个房间工作。如果你发现自己被电子设备分散了注意力，关掉通知，训练自己每隔一段时间查看一次)”主要从减少人群和电子设备的干扰两个方面介绍具体做法，空处作为段首句，应该涉及人群和电子设备两个方面。因此G项“Remving yurself frm peple and devices will allw yu t cncentrate better. (远离人群和设备会让你更好地集中注意力)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选G。
③后文“Whether it’s music, white nise r even silence, yu might find there’s a particular sund that helps yu maintain yur attentin. This enhances alpha waves—brain waves that prmte relaxatin and are thught t play a rle in cgnitin (认知) and, accrding t a small 2015 American study, make yu mre creative. (无论是音乐、白噪音，甚至是安静，你可能会发现有一种特别的声音能帮助你保持注意力。这会增强阿尔法波——一种促进放松的脑电波，被认为在认知中起作用，根据2015年美国的一项小型研究，它会让你更有创造力)”主要建议寻找特别的声音帮助自己放松，提高创造力，空处作为段落小标题，需统领段落内容，且和其他段落小标题一样使用祈使句的形式，应该和寻找这种声音相关。因此B项“Find the right sund. (找到合适的声音)”符合语境，可统领段落内容，其中的sund在后文有同词复现。故选B。
④前文“Yu might get help frm certain s-called “brain fds”. (你可能会从一些所谓的“健脑食物”中得到帮助)”提到“健脑食物”有帮助作用，空处应该会对这一专有名词进行解释，举例说明包括哪些食物。因此C项“These include fish, nuts, blueberries and dark chclate. (这些食物包括鱼、坚果、蓝莓和黑巧克力)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的These指代前文的brain fds。故选C。
⑤前文“When yu exercise, yur heart rate increases, causing yur bdy t release a prtein called brain-derived neurtrphic factr, r BDNF, which aids nerve cell grwth. (当你运动时，你的心率会加快，导致你的身体释放一种叫做脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)的蛋白质，它有助于神经细胞的生长)”介绍运动对身体的好处，空处作为段末句，应该会延伸提到运动对注意力的好处。因此D项“This is imprtant fr cncentratin, memry and learning. (这对注意力、记忆力和学习都很重要)”符合语境，承接前文。故选D。
17．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我遇到了最聪明的人和教授。A. imprtant重要的；B. cmpetitive竞争的；C. prmising有希望的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据上文“I culdn’t wait t get up in the mrning t g t schl.(我迫不及待地想在早上起床去上学)”可知，迫不及待地想在早上起床去上学，说明对学校是积极的评价，即遇到最聪明的人和教授。故选D。
18．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都给我鼓励和支持。A. curisity好奇心；B. encuragement鼓励；C. admiratin钦佩；D. cngratulatin祝贺。根据后文“and supprt”可知，他人给了她鼓励和支持。故选B。
19．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我发现自己热爱写作，”多诺万说。A. lve爱；B. trick诡计；C. interest兴趣；D. hbby爱好。根据后文“in creative writing”可知，她热爱写作，have a lve fr表示“热爱”。故选A。
20．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：四年后，2022年12月13日，多诺万从南新罕布什尔大学毕业，获得创意写作硕士学位。A. psitin位置；B. dcument文件；C. degree学位；D. grade年级。根据上文“Fur years later, n December 13, 2022, Dnvan graduated frm Suthern New Hampshire University”可知，四年后她从大学毕业，获得了学位。故选C。
21．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：多诺万说，当她的儿子打电话给学校要一个相框作为圣诞礼物时，学校听说她要毕业了。A. apply fr申请；B. ask fr要求；C. care fr关心；D. lk fr寻找。根据后文“a frame fr her diplma as a Christmas present”可知，打电话是为了要一个相框作为圣诞礼物。故选B。
22．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，学校决定送出的不仅仅是装裱好的文凭，还包括帽子和长袍、纸杯蛋糕、气球和大学精神服。A. Still仍然；B. Besides此外；C. Hwever然而；D. Anyway无论如何。结合前后文语境可知，前后为转折关系，应用hwever。故选C。
23．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：家里没钱上大学，但她可以在高中免费上一些研究生课程。A. attend出席；B. admit承认；C. apprve赞成；D. affrd负担得起。根据后文“but she was able t take sme pst-graduate classes fr free at her high schl”可知，去上免费的大学，说明负担不起上大学。故选D。
24．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多纳万一直想接受正规教育，但婚姻、孩子和忙碌的生活推迟了这一点。A. frmal正式的；B. valuable宝贵的；C. special特别的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文可知，她只是接受了免费的课程，结合她去上大学可知，她想接受正规教育，故选A。
25．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：多纳万一直想接受正规教育，但婚姻、孩子和忙碌的生活推迟了这一点。A. buried埋葬；B. delayed推迟；C. permitted允许；D. expanded扩大。根据上文“but marriage, babies and a busy life”中but表示转折，说明是婚姻、孩子和忙碌的生活推迟了她接受教育。故选B。
26．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个目标，我实现了。A. reached到达；B. established建立；C. searched搜索；D. succeeded成功。根据上文“And it was a gal”可知，此处指实现目标，应用动词reach。故选A。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我等了60年才实现我的梦想。A. satisfy满足；B. challenge挑战；C. discver发现；D. fulfill实现。根据后文“my dream”可知，此处指她实现了自己的梦想。故选D。
28．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“所以我希望其他人不必等那么久，”多诺万说，并补充说她的自传将是关于克服生活中的“障碍”。A. building建造；B. abandning抛弃；C. vercming克服；D. seizing抓住。根据后文“the “radblcks” f life”可知，此处指克服生活中的“障碍”。故选C。
29．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多诺万有10个孙辈和9个曾孙辈，她说她在生活中学到的最重要的事情就是做一个“终身学习者”。A. hard-wrking努力工作的；B. lifelng终身的；C. well-knwn著名的；D. selfless无私的。根据上文“Dnvan, wh has 10 grandchildren and nine great-grandchildren”可知，多诺万虽然如今年纪大了，但是仍然去上大学，说明她要做一个“终身学习者”。故选B。
30．答案：A
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：“永远不要放弃。我的意思是，如果第一次没有成功，那就再试一次，”她说。A. if如果；B. since既然；C. thugh虽然；D. while当……时候。此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if。故选A。
31．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：“最后，你会发现你的梦想成真了。”A. frtunately幸运地；B. immediately立即；C. thankfully感谢地；D. eventually最后。根据后文“yu’ll find yur dream cme true.”可知，再试一次，最后你会发现梦想成真了。故选D。
32．答案：①beginning②largest③n④the⑤Symblically⑥where⑦visitrs⑧t shw⑨religius⑩is celebrated
解析：①考查名词。句意：有时也被称为泰国水节，泼水节是标志着泰国新年开始的年度活动。作动词的宾语，应用名词beginning。故填beginning。
②考查最高级。句意：这是全国最大的庆祝活动。根据定冠词以及句意“最大的”可知应用最高级。故填largest。
③考查介词。句意：春节从4月13日开始，通常持续三天，不过在一些城市，庆祝活动可能会提前开始或推迟结束。表示在具体某一天应用介词n。故填n。
④考查冠词。句意：这个节日的主要焦点是向前迈进——事实上，宋干节这个词来自梵语中的一个短语，意思是“太阳的信息”。此处特指梵语应用定冠词。故填the。
⑤考查副词。句意：它象征性地洗去了前一年，这样人们就可以为下一年做好准备。修饰后文句子应用副词symblically，首字母大写。故填Symblically。
⑥考查定语从句。句意：在宋干节期间，许多家庭早早起床，前往佛教寺庙，在那里他们带来食物等供品，听和尚讲道。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Buddhist temples，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
⑦考查名词。句意：年轻的游客也把水倒在年长的亲戚和朋友的手上，以表示他们的尊重，并祈求来年的祝福。作主语应用名词visitr，此处数量大于一应用复数形式。故填visitrs。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：年轻的游客也把水倒在年长的亲戚和朋友的手上，以表示他们的尊重，并祈求来年的祝福。此处shw在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填t shw。
⑨考查形容词。句意：尊重家庭传统和宗教习俗很重要，但找点乐子也很重要。修饰名词practices应用形容词religius，故填religius。
⑩考查时态语态。句意：在外面，宋干节是通过街头派对来庆祝的，有响亮的音乐和巨大的友好的水仗！陈述事实用一般现在时，主语Sngkran与谓语构成被动关系，谓语用单数。故填is celebrated。
33．答案：
Hw t Spend Time Prperly
Time is mre precius than any pssessins. It is equal t everyne. Hw yu spend that valuable time determines the quality f yur life.
There are three rules fr effective time management. Firstly, dn’t try t wrk full-time and take a full lad. Be reasnable abut hw much wrk yu can d. Secndly, make a list f all the things that yu need t get dne in a given time. Put the tasks in rder f imprtance and delete any unimprtant items. Thirdly, avid lack f fcus. Persnal phne calls and emails can easily disturb yur wrkday prgress.
Let’s make gd use f time t make ur life clrful and meaningful.
解析：1.词汇积累
规则：rule→regulatin
任务：task→assignment
删除：delete→remve
利用：make use f→take advantage f
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Time is mre precius than any pssessins. It is equal t everyne.
拓展句：Time, which is equal t everyne, is mre precius than any pssessins.
【高分句型1】Hw yu spend that valuable time determines the quality f yur life.（运用了hw引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】Secndly, make a list f all the things that yu need t get dne in a given time.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
34．答案： The by went hme and thught abut it lng and hard. He was in dilemma and culdn’t find way ut. He asked his father what he shuld d. His father said, “Lk, sn, yu have t make up yur wn mind n this. Hwever, I think it is a very imprtant decisin fr yu.” Finally, after sitting with it fr a week, the by turned in the same paper, making n changes at all. He stated, “Yu can keep the F and I’ll keep my dream.”
Many years later, the same schl teacher brught 30 kids t camp n a hrse ranch wned by Mnty Rberts. Recgnizing Mnty, the teacher felt ashamed. When he was leaving, he said, “Lk, Mnty, I can tell yu this nw. When I was yur teacher, I was smething f a dream stealer. During thse years I stle a lt f kids’ dreams. Frtunately yu had enugh curage and determinatin nt t give up n yurs.” He cntinued, “I will encurage my students nt t let anyne steal their dreams and t fllw their heart, n matter what happens.”
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“男孩回到家，反复思量了很久。”可知，第一段可描写男孩问父亲怎么办，父亲叫他自己做决定，男孩考虑了一个星期后，没有做任何修改交给了老师，说要坚守自己的梦想。
②由第二段首句内容“多年后，这位学校老师带着30个孩子来到Mnty Rberts拥有的马场露营。”可知，第二段可描写老师在得知Mnty真的实现了自己的梦想后的反应，老师向Mnty道了歉，及老师的反思。
2.续写线索：
男孩回家苦思冥想——寻求父亲建议——把论文原封不动交给老师——老师带学生来到Mnty Rberts的马场露营——重遇老师——老师道歉——老师反思
3.词汇激活
行为类
①询问：ask/inquire
②下定决心：make up ne’s wn mind/determine t d sth.
③上交：turn in/hand in
情绪类
①羞愧的：ashamed/abashed
②勇气：curage/bravery
[高分句型1] He asked his father what he shuld d. (运用了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] When I was yur teacher, I was smething f a dream stealer. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)