黑龙江省大庆市实验中学2023-2024学年高三下学期得分训练英语试卷（一）（原卷版+解析版）

大庆实验中学2024年高三得分纠练（一）英语试题第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Who will provide an apartment for the man?A．GM. B．ABC. C．The sales manager.2．When should the project be handed in?A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Monday.3．What do we know about the photo?A．It was taken a decade ago.B．The man took it at his wedding.C．The woman had long hair then.4．What is the relationship between the speakers?A．Driver and passenger. B．Shopkeeper and customer. C．Waitress and customer.5．Where does the conversation probably take place?A．In a corner store. B．In a supermarket. C．On the street.第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6．What’s the woman’s attitude toward the situation?A．Optimistic. B．Confused. C．Pessimistic.7．What’s the man worried about?A．Their car will run out of gas.B．They will be unable to get food.C．The stores will be out of stock.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。8．What does the man tell us about the films?A．The films are introduced from foreign countries.B．The films are translated into four languages.C．The films are shot by university students.9．What is special about the Film Festival?A．The audience’s votes. B．The live video interviews. C．English words on the screen.10．How much is a ticket for the man’s schoolmates?A．$10. B．$15. C．$25.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。11．Why did Mark run with his son this morning?A．To help him be stronger. B．To make him love running.C．To accompany him on training.12．What made Mark stop running at college?A．His interest in cycling. B．His knee injury. C．His accident in marathons.13．What does the woman do most often in her free time?A．She goes swimming. B．She goes for a run. C．She plays tennis.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。14．What do the speakers consider as the most important?A．The location of the flat. B．The size of the flat. C．The rent of the flat.15．What is the absolute necessity in the bedroom for the woman?A．Furniture. B．Sunlight. C．An air conditioner.16．How does the woman know about the rent?A．By reading the newspaper. B．By consulting the house agent.C．By asking friends.17．Why does the woman wish to find a flat quickly?A．Her present house is due.B．She wants to move for a change.C．Her present house is too expensive.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18．When is the deadline for entries?A．August 31st B．October 15th. C．November 1st.19．What is the topic of this year?A．Cities. B．The Future. C．The World.20．What is the prize for the school winner?A．Pictures of England. B．Books from a writer. C．Lessons from an artist.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。AConnected to each other like never before, young people today are becoming agents of change, increasingly contributing to innovative solutions that improve people’s lives and the planet’s health.The United Nations Institute for Training and Research is therefore delighted to launch the Young Leaders Online Training Programme, a four-week e-Learning course, to provide participants with the knowledge and skills to fully unfold their potential as global leaders.◆CONTENT◇Online Learning ModulesModule 1: The United Nations (3-9 June 2024)Module 2: Conference Diplomacy (外交) (10-16 June 2024)Module 3: Sustainable Development Goals (17-23 June 2024)Module 4: International Communication (24-30 June 2024)Each module will comprise about 30 pages of literature, external links, videos, and other relevant material, corresponding to a total workload of 40-45 hours during the four weeks.◇Live ComponentsEach e-Learning module will go with a series of live meetings with UN experts. These will have varying lengths and formats, including e-workshops, mock (模拟的) interviews, etc.◆COMPLETION REQUIREMENTSParticipants are qualified for a course certificate upon successful completion of the components below:◇Reading the four modules’ content. You may wish to study the material through the interactive programme Articulate Storyline or simply download the PDF version of the content. They are identical in content and are meant to give participants flexibility in the way to study.◇Participation in the discussion board forums (论坛). You are supposed to answer questions on every module in short texts. Your posts will be evaluated according to both quantity and quality.◇Passing the multiple-choice assessments. Each module features an assessment quiz at its end. It contains 10 questions, and passing the module requires at least 8 out of 10 questions correctly answered.1. What is the main aim of the course?A. To improve the lives of young people. B. To connect the youth around the world.C. To collect innovative ideas from young people. D. To build up the youth’s global leadership ability.2. What will participants do in each module?A. Read great works of literature. B. Spend 40-45 hours on learning.C. Make videos for the United Nations. D. Have online meetings with UN experts.3. To get a course certificate, a participant needs to ______.A. take part in the discussions B. post questions on each moduleC. copy the PDF version of the content D. answer all the test questions correctly【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了联合国训练研究所推出青年领袖在线培训计划，这是一个为期四周电子学习课程，为参与者提供知识和技能，以充分发挥他们作为全球领导者的潜力。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“a four-week e-Learning course, to provide participants with the knowledge and skills to fully unfold their potential as global leaders. (为期四周的在线学习课程，为参与者提供知识和技能，以充分发挥他们作为全球领导者的潜力。)”可知，该课程的主要目标是培养青少年的全球领导能力。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据◇Live Components下面的“Each e-Learning module will go with a series of live meetings with UN experts. (每个电子学习模块都将伴随与联合国专家的一系列现场会议。)”可知，参与者将在每个模块中与联合国专家举行在线会议。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据◆COMPLETION REQUIREMENTS(完成要求)中的第二条“◇Participation in the discussion board forums (论坛). (参与讨论板论坛)”可知，为了获得课程证书，参与者需要参与讨论，故选A。BHow to release your art potential? Traditionally, people may bury themselves in learning painting skills at a studio and begin from drawing lines. However, Maggie Wiebe, a 21-year-old girl from Stamps School of Art& Design at the University of Michigan, has her own method.Wiebe and her school friend Jessie Rice are trying to do something that shows their love for art and also benefits the environment. For the past year or so, they have tended a garden at their campus farm, planting a variety of colorful flowers, as well as flax (亚麻) to make linen (亚麻布) and paper to be used in art.Inspired by a group of old ladies in Canada who plant sustainable art materials and post their videos on social platform YouTube, Wiebe learned about how to plant, harvest and separate fibers. She planted different fruits and vegetables traditionally used to dye (给……染色) fabrics (织物) . She then put their peels (外皮) into boiled water and added hot pressurized air to make a dye. For her, it’s a demanding but enjoyable process.Wiebe and Rice plan to eventually buy some land in Detroit to grow these sustainable art materials — a dye, fiber and pigment (颜料) garden —— “a bigger version of what we’re already doing”, Wiebe told Minnesota News. “We’d set it up like an organization where artists can volunteer a few hours a week and then use all of the plants that we grow.”Wiebe also likes fiber-based art, such as quilting, weaving and sewing. She has applied those techniques to her recent works, displayed as part of the annual Senior Exhibition at her school. During her sophomore (高中或大学二年级) year, Wiebe joined the Michigan Daily as an illustrator, learning to conceptualize and complete complex illustrations on tight deadlines. Wiebe’s works received a lot of help from others. “Because the art school doesn’t have departments, we have studio coordinators who take care of each studio,” she said. “I see them every day, and they’ve helped me a lot.”4. What can we learn about Wiebe from the first two paragraphs?A. She failed to realize her potential. B. She longed to be a gardener.C. She was fond of growing plants. D. She had an environmentally friendly mind.5. What did Wiebe learn from watching videos?A. To get fibers eventually. B. To peel fabrics skillfullyC. To grow plants traditionally. D. To dye fabrics individually.6. Why is Detroit referred to in Paragraph 4?A. To review Wiebe’s achievements. B. To present Wiebe’s contribution.C. To display Wiebe’s future prospect. D. To promote an application of Wiebe’s idea.7. Which of the following best describes Wiebe’s work?A. Practice makes perfect. B. Creativity is productivity.C. Unity is strength. D. Curiosity is motivation.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位名叫Maggie Wiebe的艺术学生如何通过种植植物并将其用于艺术创作的过程，以及她的未来计划。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Wiebe and her school friend Jessie Rice are trying to do something that shows their love for art and also benefits the environment. For the past year or so, they have tended a garden at their campus farm, planting a variety of colorful flowers, as well as flax(亚麻) to make linen (亚麻布)  and paper to be used in art.”（ 韦博和她的同学杰西·赖斯正在努力做一些既能显示他们对艺术的热爱又能有益于环境的事情。在过去一年左右的时间里，他们在校园农场打理了一个花园，种植了各种各样的彩色花朵，以及用来制作亚麻布和用于艺术的纸张的亚麻。）可知，她有环保意识。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ Inspired by a group of old ladies in Canada who plant sustainable art materials and post their videos on social platform YouTube, Wiebe learned about how to plant, harvest and separate fibers. She planted different fruits and vegetables traditionally used to dye (给……染色)fabrics (织物) . ”（受到加拿大一群老人的启发，她们种植可持续的艺术材料，并将视频发布在社交平台YouTube上，韦博学会了如何种植、收获和分离纤维）可知，Wiebe通过观看视频学习了如何最终得到纤维。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Wiebe and Rice plan to eventually buy some land in Detroit to grow these sustainable art materials — a dye, fiber and pigment (颜料)  garden —— “a bigger version of what we’re already doing”, Wiebe told Minnesota News. “We’d set it up like an organization where artists can volunteer a few hours a week and then use all of the plants that we grow.””（韦博和赖斯计划最终在底特律买一些土地来种植这些可持续的艺术材料——一个染料、纤维和颜料花园——“我们已经在做的事情的一个更大的版本”，韦博告诉明尼苏达新闻。“我们把它建立成一个组织，艺术家们可以每周志愿工作几个小时，然后使用我们种植的所有植物。”）可推知，第四段提到了底特律是为了展示Wiebe的未来前景。故选C【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“How to release your art potential? Traditionally, people may bury themselves in learning painting skills at a studio and begin from drawing lines. However, Maggie Wiebe, a 21-year-old girl from Stamps School of Art& Design at the University of Michigan, has her own method.”（如何释放你的艺术潜能?传统上，人们可能会在工作室里埋头学习绘画技巧，从画线条开始。然而，来自密歇根大学斯坦普斯艺术与设计学院的21岁女孩Maggie Wiebe有自己的方法。）和最后一段“Wiebe also likes fiber-based art, such as quilting, weaving and sewing. She has applied those techniques to her recent works, displayed as part of the annual Senior Exhibition at her school.”（韦博还喜欢以纤维为基础的艺术，比如绗缝、编织和缝纫。她将这些技巧运用到她最近的作品中，作为她学校年度高级展览的一部分展出）可知，Wiebe通过种植植物并将其用于艺术创作，这种创新的方式使她的艺术作品得以实现，这体现了创新就是生产力。故选B。CThey say you catch more flies with honey than vinegar. But when it comes to tackling a tricky task, researchers have found that getting angry can also be a powerful motivator.The experiments suggest people who are angry perform better on a set of challenging tasks than those who are emotionally neutral.The study, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, details how researchers at Texas A&M University conducted experiments involving more than 1,000 people, and analysed survey data from more than 1,400 people to explore the possible impact of anger on people in various circumstances.In one experiment, students were shown images previously found to cause anger, desire, amusement, sadness or no particular emotion at all. Participants were subsequently asked to solve a series of anagrams (变形词).The results reveal that for a challenging set of anagrams, those who were angry did better — although no difference was seen for easy anagrams.The researchers say one explanation could be down to a link between anger and greater persistence (坚持), with the team finding those who were angry spent more time on the difficult set of anagrams.In another experiment, participants who were angry did better at avoiding flags in a skiing video game than those who were neutral or sad, and were on a par with (同水平) those who felt amusement or desire.“This pattern could indicate that general physical arousal (激起) had a benefit for game scores, as this would be greater in anger, amused, and desire conditions compared to the sad and neutral conditions,” the researchers write. However, no such differences in performance was found when it came to an easier video game.“People often prefer to use positive emotions as tools more than negative and tend to see negative emotions as undesirable,” said Lench, the first author of the study. “Our research adds to the growing evidence that a mix of positive and negative emotions promotes wellbeing, and that using negative emotions as tools can be particularly effective in some situations.”8. What tasks did the researchers set for the students?A. Catching flies with honey.B. Helping analyze survey data.C. Putting tasks into different categories.D. Performing tasks in various emotional states.9. Why does anger enable people to perform better on challenging tasks?A. It brings team spirit into full play.B. It promotes a deep insight into the tasks.C. It increases effort toward attaining a goal.D. It changes challenging tasks into easy ones.10. What are paragraphs 7 and 8 mainly about?A. Research result consistent with previous findings.B. Potential application of the research finding.C. A further explanation of the research method.D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.11. What does Lench intend to do in the last paragraph?A. To present more proofs. B. To draw a conclusion.C. To make a comparison. D. To criticize old practices.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是一项研究表明：当面对艰巨任务时，愤怒也可以成为强有力的动力源。研究人员表示，使用负面情绪作为工具在某些情况下可能特别有效。研究结果表明，正面情绪和负面情绪的混合有助于促进幸福感。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“In one experiment, students were shown images previously found to cause anger, desire, amusement, sadness or no particular emotion at all. Participants were subsequently asked to solve a series of anagrams (变形词).(在一项实验中，研究人员向学生们展示了之前发现会引起愤怒、欲望、娱乐、悲伤或根本没有特定情绪的图片。随后，参与者被要求解决一系列字谜)”以及第五段中“The results reveal that for a challenging set of anagrams, those who were angry did better — although no difference was seen for easy anagrams.(结果显示，在一组具有挑战性的字谜游戏中，那些生气的人表现得更好——尽管在简单的字谜游戏中没有发现差异)”可知，研究过程中，研究人员向学生们展示了之前发现会引起愤怒、欲望、娱乐、悲伤或根本没有特定情绪的图片。随后，参与者被要求解决一系列字谜。由此可知，学生们在各种情绪状态下执行任务。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中“The researchers say one explanation could be down to a link between anger and greater persistence (坚持), with the team finding those who were angry spent more time on the difficult set of anagrams.(研究人员表示，一种解释可以归结为愤怒和更强的毅力之间的联系，研究小组发现，愤怒的人花更多的时间在困难的字谜上)”可知，愤怒之所以能够让人们在完成困难任务上表现的更好是因为愤怒和更强的毅力之间有着联系，促使研究对象完成困难任务。由此可知，愤怒能让人们在具有挑战性的任务中表现得更好，因为它增加了实现目标的努力。故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第七段中“In another experiment, participants who were angry did better at avoiding flags in a skiing video game than those who were neutral or sad, and were on a par with (同水平) those who felt amusement or desire.(在另一项实验中，在滑雪视频游戏中，愤怒的参与者比那些中立或悲伤的参与者更能避开旗帜，与那些感到娱乐或欲望的参与者不相上下)”以及第八段中““This pattern could indicate that general physical arousal (激起) had a benefit for game scores, as this would be greater in anger, amused, and desire conditions compared to the sad and neutral conditions,” the researchers write.(研究人员写道：“这种模式表明，一般的身体激起会对游戏得分有益，因为在愤怒、好笑和渴望条件下，这种激起会比悲伤和中性条件更为强烈”)”可知，第七段和第八段通过描述另外的一项研究表述当面对艰巨任务时，愤怒也可以成为强有力的动力源。由此可知，研究结果与前人的发现一致。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Our research adds to the growing evidence that a mix of positive and negative emotions promotes wellbeing, and that using negative emotions as tools can be particularly effective in some situations.(越来越多的证据表明，积极情绪和消极情绪的结合能促进健康，在某些情况下，将消极情绪作为工具尤其有效，我们的研究进一步证明了这一点)”可推知，最后一段中Lench倾向于得出结论。故选B。DScientists have found a new way to break down a group of harmful chemicals very hard to get rid of. The discovery could help solve a dangerous and growing problem — how to clean up the pollution of “forever chemicals”.The group of chemicals known as PFAS (全氟烷基物) are pretty amazing. They’re non-stick, waterproof, and oil proof. They don’t burn easily or dissolve (溶解) in water. So scientists got really excited when they were discovered. Businesses started putting PFAS in all sorts of products, from non-stick pans to waterproof clothes, and from fire-fighting spray to carpets that resist stains. Even things like food wrappers and floss for cleaning your teeth contain PFAS chemicals.But after a while, scientists realized the same things that made the chemicals useful also caused a real problem — PFAS doesn’t break down in nature. It doesn’t dissolve in water or bum. Not even bacteria can break PFAS down. No wonder these chemicals are known as “forever chemicals”.As a result, PFAS chemicals surge in the environment. The chemicals are found in air, water, and dirt around the world — and in animals and people. In the US, 97% of humans have PFAS in their blood.Luckily, scientists in the US have now found a way to break down some PFAS chemicals. Their solution requires boiling PFAS with two other very common chemicals. These chemicals can be found in just about any laboratory.Dr. Brittany Trang, one of the scientists involved, said she didn’t even want to test the idea at first. “I thought it was too simple,” she said. But the process worked.The research involved 10 types of PFAS, including two of the most common kinds. That’s a big step. But there are over 12,000 different kinds of PFAS. It’s important to note that the new method can only break down PFAS chemicals that have already been collected. Figuring out how to remove PFAS chemicals from the environment and collect them remains a huge challenge.12. What can we infer about PFAS chemicals from paragraph 2?A. Scientists were so excited to invent them.B. They were environmentally friendly at first.C. They are really widely used in our daily life.D. They have more advantages than disadvantages.13. What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. Increase fast. B. Float everywhere. C. Extend fully. D. React quickly.14. What does the author think of dealing with PFAS chemicals?A. It’s already too late to get rid of them.B. There’s still a long way to go about it.C. The new method is too simple to work well.D. It’s impossible to get them removed from the environment.15. Which is the best title for the text?A. Say Goodbye to Forever ChemicalsB. PFAS Chemicals Are a Two-edged SwordC. PFAS Chemicals Will Remain a Challenge for LongD. Scientists Find a Way to Break down Forever Chemicals【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。主要说明了全氟烷基化学物质又被称为“永久性化学物质”。此类物质发现之初着实令科学家们兴奋，而且被广泛应用于各种各样的产品。随着时间的推移，令其广受青睐的众多“优点”却成了一系列难题的始作俑者。然而，幸运的是，美国的科学家们发现了一种使它们分解的方法。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Businesses started putting PFAS in all sorts of products, from non-stick pans to waterproof clothes, and from fire-fighting spray to carpets that resist stains. Even things like food wrappers and floss for cleaning your teeth contain PFAS chemicals.(企业开始在各种产品中添加PFAS，从不粘锅到防水衣服，从消防喷雾到抗污地毯。甚至像食品包装和清洁牙齿的牙线都含有PFAS化学物质)”可推知，全氟烷基化学物质在日常生活中被广泛应用。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“The chemicals are found in air, water, and dirt around the world — and in animals and people. In the US, 97% of humans have PFAS in their blood.(这些化学物质存在于世界各地的空气、水和泥土中，也存在于动物和人体内。在美国，97%的人血液中含有PFAS)”可知，全氟烷基化学物质在环境中快速增加。故划线词意思是“快速增加”。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“But there are over 12,000 different kinds of PFAS. It’s important to note that the new method can only break down PFAS chemicals that have already been collected. Figuring out how to remove PFAS chemicals from the environment and collect them remains a huge challenge.(但是有超过12000种不同的PFAS。值得注意的是，新方法只能分解已经收集的PFAS化学物质。弄清楚如何从环境中去除PFAS化学物质并收集它们仍然是一个巨大的挑战)”可知，处理全氟烷基化学物质任重而道远，故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists have found a new way to break down a group of harmful chemicals very hard to get rid of. The discovery could help solve a dangerous and growing problem — how to clean up the pollution of “forever chemicals”.(科学家们发现了一种新的方法来分解一组很难去除的有害化学物质。这一发现可能有助于解决一个日益严重的危险问题——如何清理“永久化学物质”的污染)”结合主要说明了全氟烷基化学物质又被称为“永久性化学物质”。此类物质发现之初着实令科学家们兴奋，而且被广泛应用于各种各样的产品。随着时间的推移，令其广受青睐的众多“优点”却成了一系列难题的始作俑者。然而，幸运的是，美国的科学家们发现了一种使它们分解的方法。故D项“科学家找到了分解永久化学物质的方法”最适合作文章的标题。故选D。第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school. ____16____One of the winners of this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal who is 68 years old and works at the University of Copenhagen. When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world.”____17____ They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful. But a study from professors at Michigan State University shows that is not always the case. The researchers looked into past Nobel Prize winners and their students. ____18____ some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests. They are, in a way, learning how to be creative. Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood metal or in the arts than most scientists. The researchers also found that the Nobel winners have an open mind about their life experiences. Unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up their outside interests, ____19____The researchers say that, even among people who do not win big prizes, those with many interests are often successful. They pointed to a 2022 report about students who study two major fields in college. ____20____ Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centered on only one study area.A. That study plan is called a “double major”.B. What we believe is of great benefits to them.C. Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.D. They discovered that if they helped each other afterwards,E. Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity.F. They found that when the students of winners went on to win Nobel Prizes,G. But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important.【答案】16. G 17. C 18. F 19. E 20. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项针对诺贝尔奖获得者的研究发现，这些获奖者通常有多个领域的知识，广博的知识使他们在工作中能用不同的角度和方法思考问题。【16题详解】根据上文“Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school.(专家们经常告诉学生们，毕业后要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作)”及下文“When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world.”(在描述自己的职业生涯时，梅尔达尔说，他最初是一名工程师，但后来改行做化学，因为他“想了解这个世界”)”可知，专家们经常告诉学生们要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作，但是一些诺贝尔获奖者却做过不同的工作。由此可知，G. But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important.(但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣很重要)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world.”(在描述自己的职业生涯时，梅尔达尔说，他最初是一名工程师，但后来改行做化学，因为他“想了解这个世界”)”可知，上文讲述了梅尔达尔的经历。下文“They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.(他们可能认为他们必须把他们的工作和学校生活集中在一个领域才能成功)”说明梅尔达尔的经历和他们认为的成功经验是不一样的。由此可知，C. Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.(梅尔达尔的经历可能会让学生们感到惊讶)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“The researchers looked into past Nobel Prize winners and their students.(研究人员调查了过去的诺贝尔奖得主和他们的学生)”及下文“some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests.(他们从老师那里学到的一些东西是如何过一种有多种兴趣的生活)”可知，此处在讲述过去的诺贝尔奖得主对他们的学生的影响。由此可知，F. They found that when the students of winners went on to win Nobel Prizes,(他们发现，当获奖者的学生后来获得诺贝尔奖时)能够承上启下，符合语境。其中students是关键词。故选F。【19题详解】根据上文“Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood, metal or in the arts than most scientists. The researchers also found that the Nobel winners have an open mind about their life experiences. Unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up their outside interests,(诺贝尔奖得主在与木材、金属或艺术打交道方面的经验是大多数科学家的九倍。研究人员还发现，诺贝尔奖获得者对自己的生活经历持开放态度。不像许多人花很长时间在工作上，放弃他们的业余爱好)”可知，诺贝尔奖获得者兴趣广泛，而且不会放弃他们的业余爱好。由此可知，E. Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity.(诺贝尔奖得主认为他们的爱好对创造力很重要)能够衔接上文，符合语境。其中hobbies对应上文中的outside interests。故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“They pointed to a 2022 report about students who study two major fields in college.(他们指出，2022年的一份报告是关于在大学里学习两个专业的学生的)”及下文“Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centered on only one study area.(双学位的学生往往比那些只专注于一个研究领域的学生更有创造力，对创业更感兴趣)”可知，此处在讲述双学位的问题。由此可知，A. That study plan is called a “double major”.(那个学习计划叫做“双学位”)能够承上启下，符合语境。其中double major是关键词。故选A。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In the summer of 2018, I decided to do a solo expedition (独自探险) across Antarctica. To get some ____21____, I did a two-week training course. I learned all the ____22____: how to camp in the snow, how to pull a sled and what clothing to wear. In October, I flew to Antarctica from Punta Arenas. I’d allowed 70 days, which would make it the longest ____23____ one-way expedition across AntarcticaI only took ____24____. I didn’t even take a hairbrush. The first few days were ____25____. The winds were about 60 mph, and my sled weighed 120 kg. Even if the visibility is good, you can’t ____26____ much — it’s a white horizon. I was on the move for 13 to 15 hours a day.Then, I found the conditions to be much worse. There was more sastrugi (雪脊) and it felt colder. The last 40 hours were really hard. I ____27____ about 14 times every two hours. As a result, I fell behind ____28____. In the end, I ____29____ 922 miles and fell more than 100 miles short of my goal. Towards the end of my trip, a helicopter flew to pick me up. The ____30____ I felt when I saw the dot in the distance was unbelievable.It took me a while to be ____31____ of what I’d achieved, because I had failed to reach my ____32____ goal, but I’ve learned it’s ____33____to move the goalposts. I don’t agree with the idea of conquering (征服) somewhere. You treat places with ____34____ and hope they’ll allow you ____35____ passage.21. A. donation B. experience C. attention D. rescue22. A. basics B. risks C. benefits D. aids23. A. cooperative B. romantic C. unsupported D. abnormal24. A. companions B. necessities C. cashes D. credits25. A. pleasant B. calm C. tough D. lucky26. A. talk B. hear C. feel D. see27. A. fell over B. dropped out C. looked away D. put up28. A. fundraising B. supply C. schedule D. homework29. A. measured B. designed C. searched D. covered30. A. burden B. relief C. pain D. anxiety31. A. proud B. skeptical C. shy D. ashamed32. A. insignificant B. unbearable C. disturbing D. initial33. A. regrettable B. unnecessary C. acceptable D. inappropriate34. A. respect B. courage C. carelessness D. coldness35. A. narrow B. safe C. limited D. challenging【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者2018年穿越南极洲的单人探险，一路上遇到了很多困难，虽然最后没有达到最初的目标，但作者还是为自己感到骄傲。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了获得一些经验，我参加了一个为期两周的培训课程。A. donation捐赠；B. experience经历；C. attention注意力；D. rescue救援。根据后文“I did a two-week training course”可知，参加培训课程是为了获得经验。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会了所有的基本知识：如何在雪地里露营，如何拉雪橇以及穿什么衣服。A. basics基础；B. risks风险；C. benefits利益；D. aids帮助。后文“how to camp in the snow, how to pull a sled and what clothing to wear”是作者学到的基本知识。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我安排了70天的时间，这将使它成为穿越南极洲最长的无支持的单程探险A. cooperative合作的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. unsupported无支持的；D. abnormal反常的。呼应上文“do a solo expedition”作者是独自去的，所以无支持。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只带了必需品。A. companions同伴；B. necessities必需品；C. cashes现金；D. credits信用。根据后文“I didn’t even take a hairbrush.(我甚至都没带梳子)”可知，作者只带了必需品上路。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的几天很难熬。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. calm平静的；C. tough艰难的；D. lucky幸运的。根据后文“The winds were about 60mph, and my sled weighed 120kg.(风速约为每小时60英里，我的雪橇重达120公斤)”可知，一开始很困难，风速约为每小时60英里，雪橇重达120公斤。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使能见度很好，你也看不见很多东西——这是一片白色的地平线。A. talk谈话；B. hear听见；C. feel感觉；D. see看见。上文“Even if the visibility is good”提到了能见度，对应的是看到东西，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我每两个小时摔倒14次。A. fell over摔倒；B. dropped out辍学；C. looked away转移目光；D. put up放置。上文“Then, I found the conditions to be much worse.”提到了情况更糟糕了，结合上文提到风速大，视野差，说明作者经常摔倒，选项中fell over符合语境。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果，我落后于计划。A. fundraising资金筹集；B. supply供给量；C. schedule计划；D. homework家庭作业。根据后文“fell more than 100 miles short of my goal”可知，作者落后于计划了。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我走了922英里，离我的目标还差100多英里。A. measured测量；B. designed设计；C. searched搜索；D. covered覆盖，行走。根据后文“922 miles”表示走了多少距离，应用动词cover。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到远处的那个点时，我感到难以置信的宽慰。A. burden负担；B. relief安慰；C. pain痛苦；D. anxiety焦虑。根据后文“I felt when I saw the dot in the distance was unbelievable”可知，作者到达了终点，所以是感到宽慰。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. proud骄傲的；B. skeptical怀疑的；C. shy害羞的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“of what I’d achieved”指为取得的成就感到自豪，应用be proud of。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. insignificant不重要的；B. unbearable难以忍受的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. initial最初的。根据上文“because I had failed to reach my”以及后文提到了改变目标可以接受，说明作者没能达到最初的目标。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. regrettable后悔的；B. unnecessary不必要的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. inappropriate不合适的。上文“ It took me a while to be  11 of what I’d achieved, because I had failed to reach my  12 goal, but I’ve learned it’s”中but表示转折，说明虽然没有达到最初目标，但指导改变目标也是可以接受的。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你以尊重的态度对待每个地方，希望它们能让你安全通行。A. respect尊重；B. courage勇气；C. carelessness粗心；D. coldness寒冷。根据上文“I don’t agree with the idea of conquering somewhere.(我不同意征服某个地方的想法)”可知，作者认为要尊重对待每个地方。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你以尊重的态度对待每个地方，希望它们能让你安全通行。A. narrow狭窄的；B. safe安全的；C. limited有限的；D. challenging挑战性的。根据上文“hope they’ll allow you”指尊重每一个地方，他们才能让你安全通行。故选B。第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分 15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Between 121 BC and 111 BC, Emperor Wu set up four counties to the west of the Yellow River, Jiuquan, Wuwei, Zhangye and Dunhuang ____36____ (expand) the influence of the Han central government and develop ties with countries in XiYu (西域), ____37____ were west of the Yumen Pass in today’s Central Asia. As a result, the national postal system of the Han Dynasty, ____38____ (act) like a network of blood vessels, expanded to help improve the communication between the central government ____39____ the grassroots ones on its northwestern border.The postal system of the Han Dynasty consisted ____40____ three tiers— ting, you, and zhi. Tings were usually set up every two and a half kilometers, providing ____41____ place for passengers and envoys (使节) to rest on their journey. The distance between two yous was around 15 kilometers, the longest distance a man could cover by foot in a day. A zhi was the ____42____ (big) post station, set up at a distance of 40 kilometers, the one a horse-drawn carriage could reach in a day.According to the records, sitting on the Hexi Corridor that connected ancient China and XiYu countries, Xuanquanzhi, the post house ____43____ (function) for more than 400 years as a hub (枢纽) that delivered mail and ____44____ (office) documents, as well as hosting envoys and foreign guests. “The Xuanquanzhi Ruins was a beautiful knot on Silk Road,” _____45_____ (proud) said Zhang Defang, founding director of the Gansu Jiandu Museum.【答案】36. to expand 37. which 38. acting 39. and 40. of 41. a 42. biggest 43. functioned##had functioned##had been functioning 44. official 45. proudly【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍被称为“丝绸之路上的一个美丽结”的悬泉置遗址和汉代邮政系统。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：公元前121年至公元前111年，汉武帝在黄河以西设立酒泉、武威、张掖和敦煌四郡，以扩大汉中央政府的影响力，并发展与位于玉门关以西的西域国家的联系。此处用动词不定式结构作目的状语。故填to expand。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：公元前121年至公元前111年，汉武帝在黄河以西设立酒泉、武威、张掖和敦煌四郡，以扩大汉中央政府的影响力，并发展与位于玉门关以西的西域国家的联系。“ 2 were west of the Yumen Pass in today’s Central Asia”是非限制性定语从句，修饰 XiYu，且从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，汉代的国家邮政系统就像一个血管网络一样，扩大了，有助于改善中央政府与西北边境基层政府之间的沟通。根据句意和语法知识分析可知，此处应用动词-ing形式作后置定语，修饰 the national postal system of the Han Dynasty。故填acting。【39题详解】考查连词。句意：因此，汉代的国家邮政系统就像一个血管网络一样，扩大了，有助于改善中央政府与西北边境基层政府之间的沟通。根据句意可知，此处用between …and …表示“……与……之间”。故填and。【40题详解】考查介词。解析：句意：汉代的邮政系统分为亭、邮和置三个层级。此处是用consist of表示“由……组成”。故填of。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：通常每隔2.5公里就会设置一些亭，为行路的人和使节提供一个旅途中休息的地方。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指“一个……”，用不定冠词，且place发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。【42题详解】考查形容词的最高级。句意：置是最大的驿站，每隔40公里就设一个置，这是一辆马车一天能到达的距离。根据句意和语法知识可知，此处the后面要用形容词的最高级。故填biggest。【43题详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：据记载，位于连接古代中国和西虞国家的河西走廊上的宣泉之邮局，作为递送邮件和官方文件的枢纽，以及接待使节和外国客人，已有400多年的历史。根据句意和语法，此处用function的一般过去时的主动形式表示过去发生的事，也可以用过去完成时表示过去的过去已经发生的事，也可以用过去完成进行时表示过去某一段时间一直以来做的事。故填functioned/had functioned/had been functioning【44题详解】考查形容词。据记载，位于连接古代中国和西虞国家的河西走廊上的宣泉之邮局，作为递送邮件和官方文件的枢纽，以及接待使节和外国客人，已有400多年的历史。根据句意可知，此处要用office的形容词修饰documents，表示“官方的文件”。故填official。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：“悬泉置遗址是丝绸之路上一个美丽的结”，甘肃建都博物馆的创始主任张德芳自豪地说。此处要用副词修饰动词said。故填proudly。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （满分15分）46. 假定你是校英语俱乐部负责人李华，你邀请到了英国环保专家 Smith 教授作主题为“Living in Harmony with Nature”的讲座。请你在讲座前简要发言，内容包括：1. 相关介绍；2. 注意事项。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Dear fellow students,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dear fellow students,So privileged are we that today Professor Smith will deliver a lecture themed Living in Harmony with Nature for us. Therefore, please allow me to represent us students to express our heartfelt gratitude and warm welcome to him. During this lecture, not only will Professor Smith share with us how to cause less pollution to the world, but he will also lead us to live a greener life. Most importantly, while enjoying this lecture, we will surely have a brand-new understanding of our earth.Moreover, everyone attending this lecture is required to listen carefully, take notes if necessary and positively follow his instructions as requested. Hopefully, we will have a pleasant time together.That’s all. Thank you!【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是校英语俱乐部负责人李华，你邀请到了Smith教授作主题为“Living in Harmony with Nature”的专题讲座。请你在讲座前简要发言。内容包括：相关介绍和注意事项。【详解】1.词汇积累代表：represent→be on behalf of感谢：gratitude→appreciation无疑地：surely→undoubtedly此外：moreover →besides/what’s more2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Moreover, everyone attending this lecture is required to listen carefully, take notes if necessary and positively follow his instructions as requested.拓展句：Moreover, everyone who attends this lecture is required to listen carefully, take notes if necessary and positively follow his instructions as requested.【点睛】[高分句型1] So privileged are we that today Professor Smith will deliver a lecture themed Living in Harmony with Nature for us. (运用了部分倒装结构和过去分词短语作后置定语)[高分句型2] Most importantly, while enjoying this lecture, we will surely have a brand-new understanding of our earth. (运用了状语从句的省略结构)第二节 （满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。First as a wife, then as a mother, and later as a grandmother, for as long as Teressa could remember, she had always lived for others and never for herself. Being selfless is not everyone’s cup of tea, but for Teressa, that’s how she had spent all her life.When Teressa was a little girl, she had big dreams. She spent hours in her room reading famous authors’ poetry. “I want to be a poet, Mommy! And I want to recite my poems on stage!” she said to her mother, who would smile back and assure her that her dreams would come true one day. But unfortunately, that did not happen.Teressa’s poems were locked in her closet (壁橱) as life kept throwing new responsibilities at her. After her dad died, she had to look after her mother. Then after getting married came kids, and then the kids’ kids. And somewhere, Teressa’s talent, poems, and dream of performing on stage were left far behind.One Sunday afternoon, her children and grandchildren were visiting her, and she had spent five hours preparing a big meal for them!As the doorbell rang, Teressa opened her door. She smiled and hugged everyone as they entered. Brian was the youngest in the family. He loved Grandma Teressa. After enjoying dessert after lunch that day, Brian sat with Teressa looking at one of their family albums. “Can you bring me the album from my closet, honey?” Teressa asked. While searching for the album, Brian discovered a pile of papers behind her clothes.“Granny!” he came running to her. “Are these yours? Do you write poems?” he asked. “Oh,” Teressa hid the papers nervously in the album. “Well, sometimes, honey. I wanted to read them on stage one day, but I never had the opportunity. Anyway, forget about that. Let’s go through the pictures.”But Brian didn’t forget about his grandma’s poems. One week later, he visited her with an envelope, and as Teressa read the letter inside, her eyes were filled with tears.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Brian had signed Teressa up for a talent show._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________After the interview, Teressa was offered an opportunity to write for the local newspaper._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Brian had signed Teressa up for a talent show. Teressa didn’t want to take part in it. With Brian’s continuous encouragement, Teressa had to agree in the end. On the day of the talent show, Teressa began reciting her poems on the stage. She was nervous, and her hands trembled. As Teressa finished her poem, everyone in the hall gave her a standing ovation, and Teressa found it hard to believe that her writings were appreciated. Soon after, a journalist interviewed Teressa, saying that he wanted to write an article about her and encouraged Teressa to get her writings published.After the interview, Teressa was offered an opportunity to write for the local newspaper. Her poems were soon favorites among the locals. Teressa was astonished, and she couldn’t believe her dreams were coming true at the age of 81. But the best part of it all was her family, who encouraged her. Like her, many daughters, wives, mothers, and grandmothers have left their dreams behind for their family’s sake. But remember, there’s no defined age to fulfill your dreams. You can start today. Teressa is a brilliant example of that.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Teressa还是个小女孩的时候有远大的梦想——成为一名诗人，但因为家庭责任，她的才华、诗歌和在舞台上表演的梦想被她远远抛在脑后，一个星期天下午，她的孩子和孙子孙女来看望她，在和最小孙子Brian一起看家庭相册的时候，Brian发现了Teressa写的诗歌，Teressa让Brian不要管这些诗歌，但Brian没有忘记他奶奶的诗，反而为Teressa报名参加才艺表演。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Brian已为Teressa报名参加才艺表演。”可知，第一段可描写在Brian的鼓励下Teressa参加才艺表演，Teressa舞台上朗诵她的诗歌时的情形，观众的反响及一名记者采访了Teressa。②由第二段首句内容“采访结束后，Teressa获得了为当地报纸撰稿的机会。”可知，第二段可描写Teressa的诗受当地人喜爱，惊讶于自己的梦想在81岁时实现了，她感谢家人及Teressa的故事带来的启示。2.续写线索：Brian为Teressa报名参加才艺表演——在Brian的鼓励下Teressa参加才艺表演——Teressa舞台上朗诵她的诗歌时的情形——一名记者采访了Teressa——采访后，Teressa获得撰稿的机会——Teressa的诗受当地人喜爱——惊讶自己高龄实现梦想——感激家人——Teressa的故事带来的启示3.词汇激活行为类①参加：take part in / participate in②完成：finish / complete③激励：encourage / inspire情绪类①紧张的：nervous / tense②吃惊的：astonished / stunned【点睛】[高分句型1]. As Teressa finished her poem, everyone in the hall gave her a standing ovation, and Teressa found it hard to believe that her writings were appreciated. (运用了As引导的时间状语从句和that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]. But the best part of it all was her family, who encouraged her. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)