阅读理解之说明文10篇(名校模拟)-2024年中考英语逆袭冲刺名校模拟真题速递(广州专用)

这是一份阅读理解之说明文10篇(名校模拟)-2024年中考英语逆袭冲刺名校模拟真题速递(广州专用)，共20页。
（2024·广东广州·一模）William Butler Yeats, was an Irish pet and dramatist and ne f the fremst figures f 20th-century literature. He was brn in Dublin n June 13,1865, His childhd lacked the harmny (和睦) that was typical f a happy family. Later, Yeats shcked his family by saying that he remembered “little f childhd but its pain”. In fact, he inherited excellent taste in art frm his family—bth his father and his brther were painters. But he finally settled n literature, particularly drama and petry.
Yeats had strng faith in cming f new artistic mvements. He set himself the fresh task in funding an Irish natinal theatre in the late 1890s. His early theatrical experiments hwever were nt received favrably at the beginning. He didn’t lse heart, and finally enjyed success in his petical drama.
Cmpared with his dramatic wrks, Yeats’s pems attract much admiring ntice. The subject matter includes lve, nature, histry, time and aging. Thugh Yeats generally relied n very traditinal frms, he brught mdern sensibility t them. As his literary life prgressed, his petry grew finer and richer, which led him t wrldwide recgnitin.
Yeats is cnsidered ne f the few writers whse greatest wrks were cmpleted after being awarded the Nbel Prize, which he wn in 1923. He cntinued writing almst t the end f his life, prducing his greatest wrks between the ages f 50 and 75. Had Yeats stpped writing at age 40, he wuld prbably nw be valued as a minr pet, as there is n ther example in literary histry f a pet wh prduces his greatest wrks between these ages. Such wrks include The Twer (1928) and The Winding Stair and Other Pems (1929).
After suffering frm a variety f illnesses fr several years, Yeats died in Mentn, 1939. The last pem he wrte was the The Black Twer. After Yeats’s death, W. H. Auden wrte, amng thers, the falling liners:
Earth, receive an hnured guest:
William Yeats is laid t rest.
Let the Irish vessel (船) lie
Emptied f its petry.
1．What can yu learn abut Yeats’s family accrding t Paragraph 1?
A．It was a happy family.
B．It was shcked by Yeats’s chice.
C．It was a typically wealthy family.
D．It had an artistic atmsphere.
2．What des the underlined wrd “inherited” (in paragraph 1) prbably mean?
A．failed tB．succeeded tC．gave upD．wrried abut
3．In what rder did the fllwing happen in Yeats’s life?
a. He wn a Nbel Prize f Literature.
b. He funded an Irish natinal theatre.
c. He was dead in Mentn.
d. The Winding Stair was published.
e. He wrte The Black Twer.
A．b→a→e→d→cB．b→a→d→e→c
C．a→b→d→c→eD．a→b→c→d→e
4．What kind f feeling is expressed in W. H. Auden’s lines?
A．Happiness.B．Sympathy.C．Emptiness.D．Admiratin.
（2024·广东广州·一模）When yu think f a new place fr grwing fd, yu might think f Mars. But ne Italian family believes ne pssible place is right here n the Earth: the cean.
Nem’s Garden is the wrld’s first underwater system f land plants. Lcated ff the cast f Nli, Italy, it is made up f several greenhuses. Each f them is cnnected t the seaflr. “The aim f it is t change farming, and add a pssibility fr grwing plants in the cean. What we have n Earth will be used up ne day, and such gardens can ffer us added space.” says Luca, the sn f the family.
Luca’s father, wh enjys diving and gardening, came up with the idea. In 2012, the family began with planting basil underwater. Nw Nem’s Garden is grwing strng.
Accrding t Luca, underwater planting has sme advantages ver traditinal farming. In their garden, grwing six t ten meters underwater, the plants are separated frm any utside viruses. The temperature f the cean water is als perfect fr plants. Besides, with high technlgy, Nem’s Garden uses water-based nutrients (养分) instead f sil.
What’s mre, there is little influence n the underwater envirnment, s n harm is caused t sea creatures.
Mre wrk is dne t make sure underwater planting wrks well. Everything is watched and checked n land thrugh cameras and sensrs. And if there is smething wrng, the family will change the settings in the greenhuses. When it’s time t cllect the vegetables, a diver will cut them, place them in bags and send them t the surface.
“Many lcal peple were dubtful abut ur idea. Sme peple are realizing that it wrks, and it helps put Nli n the turist map.” Luca says, “We need smene wh thinks abut crazy things. It might be smething, r it might nt. But we have the curage t try. We have bigger plans althugh it will take years t wrk n them.”
5．What can we learn abut Nem’s Garden?
A．It can grw new plants fr peple n Earth.
B．It can prvide mre farming space fr peple.
C．It is a huge greenhuse tied t the seaflr.
D．The idea f Nem’s Garden came frm Luca.
6．Cmpared t traditinal farming, hw many advantages des Nem’s garden have?
A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur.D．Five.
7．What des Luca think f building the garden?
A．It is crazy t dubt abut the garden.
B．It is brave f them t build the garden.
C．It will take years fr the garden t be ppular.
D．Mre visitrs shuld be invited t the garden.
8．What’s the main purpse f this passage?
A．T encurage peple t try new ideas.
B．T shw a technlgy f cean explratin.
C．T call n peple t prtect the envirnment.
D．T intrduce a new type f underwater farming.
（2024·广东广州·一模）Mary, 68, a famus Italian engineer, has been a member f Eating Light Club in Guangzhu fr a year.
“I used t be t heavy and have sleeping prblems, and as a result I had t visit the dctr frm time t time. But amazingly my situatin has been greatly imprved since I jined the Eating Light Club. In the club, light fds are recmmended because they are fds that yur bdy finds easy t take in and get nutritin frm. I als learned t make sme tasty light meals and have really gt int it. S when the Free Fd Fair came arund, I challenged myself t a light dinner recipe. Here it is.”
9．Accrding t Mary, wh may find light fd helpful?
A．Peple in need f lsing weight.B．Famus fd lvers.
C．Peple attending the Free Fd Fair.D．Patients in hspital.
10．What can’t be fund in Mary’s recipe?
A．The time needed fr the cking.
B．The cst f the light dinner.
C．The steps t ck the light dinner.
D．The number f peple t be served.
11．Which picture best shws the underlined phrase “Drain the pasta”?
A．B．C．D．
（2024·广东广州·一模）Yu culdn’t deeply experience Chengdu if yu dn’t prepare t d nthing. Sit n a bamb chair, spread yur feet ut and let the afternn slw away. Listen t ht water pured int tea cups. Taste meln seeds (瓜子) r biled peanuts. And tea huses are the right places fr yu and shuld always be n yur must-g list.
Sichuan is ne f China’s majr tea-prducing regins. Chengdu was famus fr its tea huses as early as the Tang dynasty. Fr centuries, tea huses were places fr fun and tea. There, custmers can enjy strytelling, music, and especially Sichuan Opera. That is nt a ppular art these days, but Yuelai Teahuse beside Jinjiang Theater still arranges peras every Saturday afternn.
Yu will find mst f Chengdu’s traditinal tea huses in parks. Heming Teahuse in Renmin Park attracts lunchtime ffice wrkers and afternn visitrs. When nise gets t much because f mre visitrs, mve n t Shacheng Teahuse in the same park. Visitrs are lder and quieter. They bring sngbirds, hanging their cages in trees and have fun. Hwever, new-style tea huses have been pened t attract the yunger generatin. They want t have a taste fr traditinal teas in a mre mdern style. The mst famus ne f them is Mi Xun Teahuse in Taik Li, which is right in the city’s mst fashinable shpping area.
As in all tea huses, the tea cmes in separate packets which can be kept warm. Mafeng green tea frm Munt Emei, suth f Chengdu, is the traditinal favrite. Shake the leaves int yur cup. Dn’t let the water in yur cup get t lw, since any bad taste frm the leaves is n the bttm. Yu can enjy yur tea all afternn and rder nthing else.
In Chengdu tea huses, peple relax themselves by staying away frm busy wrk and life. The capital f Sichuan is develping fast t, but has managed t keep its slwer style that has been lst in many ther Chinese cities.
12．The first paragraph leads t the tpic by ________.
A．telling striesB．creating a scene
C．giving reasnsD．asking questins
13．What’s the main idea f paragraph 3?
A．The main types f tea huses.B．The address f tea huses.
C．Different visitrs f tea huses.D．Sme activities in tea huses.
14．Why shuld yu NOT let the water in yur cup get t lw when drinking tea?
A．Because it may make the tea t ht.B．Because it may make the leaves flat.
C．Because it may make the tea nt tasty.D．Because it may make the tea t bitter.
15．Which is the best way t divide the passage?
A．B．C．D．
（2024·广东广州·一模）What’s the best bk t read when yu travel? Of curse, the bks that can bring yu clser t the places yu visit. By reading the bks, thse places will becme mre attractive when they are in frnt f yu! Here are the bks yu can carry if yu want t g t the fllwing places.
16．Wh might be mst interested in reading the passage?
A．Students interested in wrld histry.
B．Authrs in need f writing advice.
C．Bksellers lking fr advertisements.
D．Travellers in need f guide.
17．If Jane is interested in nature, which bk is the best chice fr her?
A．Midnight’s ChildrenB．A Wild Child’s Guide t Endangered Animals
C．My Name is RedD．Where’d Yu G, Bernadette
18．What can we learn frm the text?
A．Bee Branch went n a trip in Seattle with her mther.
B．The plts in Salman Rushdie’s stry all cme frm real life.
C．Millie Martta’s bk shws beautiful scenes mainly frm India.
D．My Name is Red is a ppular bk all ver the wrld
（2024·广东广州·一模）
On difficult days it’s easy t frget what cheers yu up and makes yu feel happy.But, by creating a piece f wrd art, yu will have a reminder yu can turn t fr ideas whenever yu need it.
What is a happiness manifest? A happiness manifest is a declaratin (宣言) f what makes yu happy. By making yur happiness manifest int a piece f wrd art, yu can get creative and place it in yur hme t see every day.
T make yur happiness manifest, yu need t get a piece f paper and a pen and write a list f everything yu enjy and makes yu happy. Frm playing with friends t reading t ftball, there’s n limit t hw many things yu can write. Next, read the wrds and phrases yu’ve written and circle thse that are really imprtant t yur happiness, and what yu mst lve t d. Crss ut any yu dn’t feel excited abut.
Decide whether yu’re ging t make yur wrd pster with pens, r create it n a cmputer. If yu’re using a cmputer app, chse a typeface (字体) yu like and arrange yur wrds and phrases n an A4 page. Make the wrds the same r different clurs and then print it ut. If yu’re making yur pster by hand, write r paint yur wrds n a piece f paper r card, making it as clurful as yu want.Place yur eye-catching happiness manifest pster in a place yu can see it every day as a reminder.
Francesca, creatr f a jurnal n happiness,believes there are lts f reasns we shuld celebrate what makes us happy.“It makes us kinder and mre helpful t thers, mre creative and better at dealing with challenges,”she says. N ne is happy all the time and when yu feel anxius r sad, yur brain can g rund in circles with yur wrries. With a happiness manifest, yu can lk at things at the bright side and give yu mre ideas fr what t d next.
19．A happiness manifest is mainly used t ________.
A．remind us t d smething
B．shw ur artistic skills
C．decrate ur rm
D．raise ur spirits
20．Which shws the crrect steps t make a happiness manifest?
a. Clur yur wrds t make them beautiful.
b. List ut what yu enjy.
c. Place it in yur rm.
d. Delete what yu dn’t feel excited.
e. Type r write dwn yur wrds n paper r a card.
A．b-d-e-a-cB．b-d-e-c-aC．e-d-b-c-aD．e-d-b-a-c
21．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．A way t make urselves pleased.
B．Slutins t deal with prblems.
C．Sme tips t make a manifest.
D．Hw t share yur happiness.
（2024·广东广州·一模）Hw d plants grw in space? An experiment at the Tiangng space statin can prvide the answer. Chinese astrnauts have successfully grwn rice seedlings (幼苗), which may shw us hw astrnauts can cultivate fd t supprt lng-term space flights.
“The rice seedlings are grwing very well.” Zheng Huiqing, a scientist at the Center fr Excellence in Mlecular Plant Sciences f the Chinese Academy f Sciences, tld China Daily. Since the rice experiment began n July 29, 2022, the seedlings f the tall sht rice variety (高杆水稻品种) have reached a height f abut 30 centimeters. Plus, the seedlings f the dwarf rice variety (矮秆水稻品种) have grwn t arund 5 centimeters.
While there have been ther rice experiments in space, the ne being cnducted n Tiangng is the first f its kind. It aims t prduce the cmplete life cycle f the plant, which begins with a seed and ends with a grwn plant prducing new seeds.
The astrnauts will keep studying the plants. If the experiment is successful, they will cllect the newly prduced seeds and bring them back t Earth fr further studies, Zheng added.
Since the 1980s, China has been taking the seeds f crps t space. But grwing rice in rbit is a different challenge due t the hard cnditins in space. Micr-gravity, n air and high-energy csmic rays may make it hard fr the plants t grw.
Rice has been the mst imprtant fd fr astrnauts fr a lng time. US astrnauts n the Apll 11 missin—the first humans t land n the mn in July 1969—ate freeze-dried chicken and rice during their trip t space.
If such an experiment ges well, astrnauts will be able t grw their fd in rbit, reducing hw much fd has t be taken n space flights.
22．What des “cultivate” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．findB．grwC．wasteD．ck
23．What is the purpse f describing the heights f the rice varieties in Paragraph 2?
A．T tell us abut the scientists’ wrk.B．T make us interested in space explratin.
C．T shw the rice experiment is ging well.D．T intrduce different types f rice seedlings.
24．What is special abut the rice experiment being dne n Tiangng?
A．It’s the first rice experiment in space.
B．The gravity n Earth will influence the grwing f the rice.
C．It’s the first experiment t try t prduce rice in a cmplete life cycle.
D．If it wrks, the newly prduced rice plant will be brught back t Earth.
25．What are the last tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A．Future space missins.B．The imprtance f the rice experiment.
C．The best fd chices fr astrnauts.D．Changes in astrnauts’ fd thrugh histry.
（2024·广东广州·一模）D yu knw that mst f the energy we use cmes frm the Sun? Fr example, we use wind energy and hydr energy t prduce electricity. Besides, the Sun helps plants t grw. Plants that grew millins f years ag turned int cal, il, and natural gas. We call these fssil fuels (化石燃料).
Hwever, fssil fuels make pllutin. This is bad fr the Earth. Fssil fuels are als nnrenewable. Sme day they will be gne. S, scientists want peple t use green energy. Why is green energy imprtant? First, it is clean. It desn’t hurt the Earth. Next, it is renewable. It wn’t run ut. Green energy gives us mre than 30% f the electricity we use tday.
What are the main surces (来源) f green energy?
Water Pwer
Water pwer uses mving water in rivers and dams. Mving water has energy. Water pwer makes 16.6% f the electricity we use.
Wind Pwer
Is wind pwer new? N, it isn’t. Peple used wind pwer many years ag. Wind pwer makes 4% f the electricity we use.
Slar Pwer
Slar pwer cmes frm sunlight. The Sun shines n slar panels, and electricity is made. Slar pwer is nw as cheap as sme fssil fuels. It makes 8% f the electricity we use.
Bimass (生物质能)
Bimass is energy that we get frm plants arund us. Fr example, deadwd r grass is burned in pwer statins. This makes electricity. Bimass is green energy because we plant new trees r crps after we use them. Bimass makes 2% f the electricity we use.
New Green Energy
The cean rises and falls each day. This mving water can make electricity. We call it tidal pwer. There is als heat under the Earth’s surface. ▲ We may find ther surces f green energy in the future.
Sme day, green energy culd make 100% f the electricity we use. That’s gd news fr the Earth!
26．Hw des the writer develp Paragraph 1?
A．By giving examples.B．By telling stries.
C．By listing numbers.D．By cmparing facts.
27．Why d scientists suggest using green energy?
A．It is easy t prduce it.B．It is as cheap as fssil fuels.
C．It is clean and wn’t be used up.D．It is the main surce f electricity nw.
28．Chse the best sentence t fill in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 8.
A．But the heat can’t make electricity.
B．The heat is frm the mving water in the cean.
C．The sunlight can shine directly n the Earth’s surface.
D．Scientists can use this heat fr energy, which is called heat pwer.
29．What is the purpse f the passage?
A．T advise peple t plant mre green trees.
B．T intrduce sme kinds f green energy.
C．T share sme ideas n hw t use green energy.
D．T suggest what peple can d t prtect the Earth.
（23-24九年级下·广东广州·阶段练习）Knwn as “sft gld”, Gambiered Cantn gauze (香云纱) is the nly silk fabric (织物) that’s still hand-dyed (手染的) using natural plants in the wrld tday.
The skill has a histry f mre than 500 years. In 2008, it was listed as a natinal intangible cultural heritage (国家非物质文化遗产). Ouyang Yngze is an inheritr f the dyeing skills frm Guangdng. The man started learning the skills in 2017.
The dyeing prcess includes 30 steps. It can take up t six mnths and is dne by hand with materials frm nature. “The plant shuliang (薯莨), river mud, sunshine, and grass are all imprtant in dyeing,” Ouyang tld China Daily.
T dye the fabric, wrkers put it in shuliang juice and let it dry n the grass. They repeat this many times until it turns brwnish yellw. Then, they put river mud n it t help shuliang react fully. After washing and drying it again, the fabric turns black!
Mastering the skills is difficult, accrding t Ouyang, wh put full effrt int cntrlling the density (浓度) f shuliang juice. “T much may cause clr lss, and t little may nr lead t a dark enugh fabric,” he said. “Better cntrl f the density cmes after many failures.”
Als, the jb can be really tiring as wrkers have t be at wrk in the sun fr 8 hurs each day. Only a few peple wrk in the industry, and skilled masters are getting lder as fewer yung peple take part.
Cnsidering this, Ouyang wrks harder t develp the traditinal craft. He has gt tgether ther dyeing skills such as tie-dyeing (扎染法) and batik (蜡染) and has wrked with famus fashin designers. They turn the silk int bth traditinal and fashinable clthes that are ppular wrldwide. He thinks this can help make the craft stay alive and drew peple t the industry.
30．Which f the fllwing is the right rder f dyeing Gambiered Cantn gauze?
① Repeat many times until the fabric turns brwnish-yellw.
② Dry the fabric n the grass.
③ Put the fabric in Shuliang juice.
④ Put river mud n the fabric t help shuliang react fully.
A．④②①③B．①④③②C．②④③①D．③②①④
31．Which sentence can the underlined wrd “inheritr” in Paragraph 2 be put in?
A．That cmpany ffers gd value and service t every ________.
B．Every teenager shuld be a(n) ________ f ur Chinese culture t pass it dwn.
C．Finally, Maria became the ________ f the singing cmpetitin.
D．Bell, the ________ f the telephne, made the first call.
32．What des paragraph 6 mainly talk abut?
A．The jb is difficult but ppular.B．Sme artists are cming t help the wrkers.
C．Passing dwn the skills is challenging.D．The jb seems t becme easier than befre.
33．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．Water is imprtant in the clr during dyeing.
B．Ouyang nly fails a few times befre he cntrls the density better.
C．There are n peple taking part in this industry.
D．The dyeing prcess needs great patience, excellent skills and hard wrk.
（23-24九年级下·广东广州·阶段练习）Sending astrnauts t Mars is a big challenge. Astrnauts will have t ate everything they need, including fd, air and water. The rm inside the spaceship is t limited t hld many things. S packing a spaceship is a huge challenge fr a trip t Mars.
Six astrnauts n an eight-mnth tip t Mars will need at least 18,000 kilgrams f water fr drinking and washing. They’ll als need water t prtect themselves frm space rays which can pass right thrugh spaceship walls and harm astrnauts’ living cells. But a layer f water placed arund the ship can stp the harm.
That’s a lt f water. And sending water int space is t expensive. It csts $33,000 t send ne cup f water t Mars. The mre yu take, the mre it csts. We have the technlgy t get t Mars, but the prblem is that it’s t expensive.
But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way f slving the prblem. Instead f building a heavy spaceship and packing it full f stuff (物料), why nt use the stuff as part f the spaceship?
Imagine a spaceship that blws up like a balln. Inside, the walls have pckets like a big hneycmb (蜂巢). These hld lts f plastic bags filled with water, dried fd and algae. All these make hard walls and great radiatin (辐射) prtectin. And stpping radiatin des nt influence the fd r water itself — it is safe t eat and drink. And what if the same water culd be reused again and again? Flynn and his team call their packed-pcket idea Water Walls.
Making xygen and taking away CO2—the waste gas yu breathe ut—is anther prblem in space. “Water Walls will take away CO2 the same way it’s dne here n ur Earth—with living plants,” Flynn says. Living plants make in CO2 t make their fd, and give ff xygen. “Plants are hard t grw in a spacecraft, s we use algae,” he says.
Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls t, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO2 and making xygen fr the astrnauts t breathe.
Flynn thinks his nbard recycling system has many advantages. He hpes it will help make flying t Mars a reality very sn.
34．What des the underlined phrase “limited ” in Paragraph 1 mst prbably mean?
A．Small in size.B．Including nly a part.
C．Different frm ther parts.D．Being freely used.
35．What is the advantage f Flynn’s system?
A．Fd is saved.B．Cst is saved.
C．Travelling time is saved.D．Plastic bags are saved.
36．What is ne f the purpses f Flynn’s idea f Water Walls?
A．T prduce water in the spaceship.
B．T make the whle spaceship strnger.
C．T prevent space rays during the space trip.
D．T cntrl the temperature in the spaceship.
37．Why are algae put in the plastic bags?
A．T serve as fd fr astrnauts.
B．T prvide xygen fr astrnauts.
C．T prevent water frm being plluted.
D．T help ther plants grw in a spaceship.
Light Dinner Whle Wheat Pasta
Prep Time: 10 minutes;
Cking Time: 30 minutes;
Servings: 2 peple;
Hw t ck Cut the vegetables and get everything ready.
 Add sme water t a sup pt, and let it cme t a bil.
 Add the pasta, salt, and a little live il and ck fr abut 15 t 20 minutes. At the same time, heat the live il in a pan.
 Add garlic and fry it in the pan. When it turns brwn, add the chicken breast and ck fr 5 minutes. Then add the vegetables and fry fr 3 t 4 minutes.
 Drain the pasta t make sure there is little water left, and then add the fried vegetables and chicken.
 Add the mixture f the regan, live il, salt, and pepper.
 Tp it with cheese.
Where’d Yu G, BernadetteIt is a nvel written by Maria Semple. It is tld in emails and stries. It talks abut hw Bee Branch tries t find her missing mther, Bernadette.
The stry happens in Seattle, Washingtn. Althugh it has sme heart-breaking plts, in general it’s a funny stry. This nvel can be a gd friend when yu visit thse famus places mentined in the bk.
Midnight’s ChildrenMidnight’s Children is a nvel f 20th-century’s India.
Salman Rushdie’s stry begins at midnight, n the night f India’s independence (独立) . The 1, 001 children brn at that hur are fund t have magical pwers. This nvel is mixed with imaginatin and real events. By reading this bk, yu can als knw mre abut the custms f India.
A Wild Child’s Guide t Endangered AnimalsHere cmes this great celebratin f the animal kingdm! It is written by Millie Martta, a New Yrk Times bestselling authr. The bk takes readers n a trip thrugh freshwater, ceans, frests, muntains, deserts, grasslands and wetlands arund the wrld while learning abut rare and well-knwn animals and their living places.
My Name is RedThe bk is written by the Nbel Prize winner fr Literature, Orhan Pamuk. It has been translated int mre than 50 languages and published arund the wrld.
It tells a stry f a yung man, wh has been away frm hme fr 12 years, cming back t his hmetwn in Istanbul. The bk is full f detailed pictures which shw the special traditin f lcal culture. It als encurages peple t have a deeper thinking f life.
参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文讲述是诺贝尔奖获得者爱尔兰著名作家William Butler Yeats的生平故事以及他的文学成就。
1．细节理解题。根据“In fact, he inherited excellent taste in art frm his family—bth his father and his brther were painters.”可知，他的家庭是一个很有艺术气息的家庭，故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据“In fact, he inherited excellent taste in art frm his family—bth his father and his brther were painters.”可知，他从他的家庭继承了优秀的艺术品味，inherited与“succeeded t”意思相近，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章内容，Yeats在1890年代末创立了爱尔兰国家剧院，1923年获得诺贝尔文学奖，1928年发表了《塔》和1929年发表了《蜿蜒的楼梯和其他诗》，1939年在Mentn去世，最后一首诗是《黑塔》。所以事件发生的顺序是b→a→d→e→c。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据“Let the Irish vessel (船) lie Emptied f its petry.”可知，他认为Yeats是爱尔兰艺术届的巨大损失，说明他很钦佩Yeats，故选D。
5．B 6．C 7．B 8．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了意大利的Nem’s Garden项目，这是世界上第一个水下种植系统，旨在通过在海洋中种植作物来改变农业，并在海洋中增加种植农产品的可能性。
5．推理判断题。根据“The aim f it is t change farming, and add a pssibility fr grwing plants in the cean. What we have n Earth will be used up ne day, and such gardens can ffer us added space.”可知，它的目的是改变农业，并增加在海洋中种植植物的可能性。我们在地球上所拥有的东西总有一天会用完，而这样的花园可以为我们提供额外的空间。所以B选项“它可以为人们提供更多的耕作空间。”正确，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“In their garden, grwing six t ten meters underwater, the plants are separated frm any utside viruses.”，“The temperature f the cean water is als perfect fr plants.”，“Besides, with high technlgy, Nem’s Garden uses water-based nutrients (养分) instead f sil.”及“What’s mre, there is little influence n the underwater envirnment, s n harm is caused t sea creatures.”可知，总共提到了四点优势，故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据“We need smene wh thinks abut crazy things. It might be smething, r it might nt. But we have the curage t try. We have bigger plans althugh it will take years t wrk n them.”可知，Luca认为她们有勇气去尝试，故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据“When yu think f a new place fr grwing fd, yu might think f Mars. But ne Italian family believes ne pssible place is right here n the Earth: the cean.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了意大利的Nem’s Garden项目，这是世界上第一个水下种植系统，旨在通过在海洋中种植作物来改变农业，并在海洋中增加种植农产品的可能性。所以D选项“介绍一种新型的水下农业。”正确，故选D。
9．A 10．B 11．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个清淡的晚餐食谱以及如何烹饪。
9．细节理解题。根据“I used t be t heavy and have sleeping prblems, and as a result I had t visit the dctr frm time t time. But amazingly my situatin has been greatly imprved since I jined the Eating Light Club.”可知需要减肥的人会认为清淡饮食有帮助。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据“Cking Time: 30 minutes; Servings: 2 peple”以及“Hw t ck”可知并没有提到清淡饮食的花费。故选B。
11．词义猜测题。根据“Drain the pasta t make sure there is little water left, and then add the fried vegetables and chicken.”可知确保水分所剩无几，所以是沥干水分，选项C符合。故选C。
12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了四川成都的茶馆文化。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段的描述可知，作者创建了一个体验成都茶馆文化的场景，故选B。
13．段落大意题。根据“Yu will find mst f Chengdu’s traditinal tea huses in parks.”和“Hwever, new-style tea huses have been pened t attract the yunger generatin.”可知，分别介绍了传统的和现在的茶馆，故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据“Dn’t let the water in yur cup get t lw, since any bad taste frm the leaves is n the bttm.”可知，不要让杯子里的水位太低，因为叶子的味道都在底部。所以如果水位太低，茶的味道会没那么好喝。故选C。
15．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段描述体验茶馆文化的场景，第二、三、四段具体介绍四川成都的茶馆文化，第五段进行总结。故选A。
16．D 17．B 18．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者推荐了旅游时适合读的几本书。
16．推理判断题。根据“Of curse, the bks that can bring yu clser t the places yu visit. By reading the bks, thse places will becme mre attractive when they are in frnt f yu! Here are the bks yu can carry if yu want t g t the fllwing places.”可知，这篇文章主要是关于旅游的一些书籍，所以需要帮助的旅游人会对本文应该感兴趣。故选D。
17．推理判断题。根据“The bk takes readers n a trip thrugh freshwater, ceans, frests, muntains, deserts, grasslands and wetlands arund the wrld while learning abut rare and well-knwn animals and their living places.”可知，A Wild Child’s Guide t Endangered Animals这本书适合对自然感兴趣的人，故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“It has been translated int mre than 50 languages and published arund the wrld.”可知，这本书在全世界出版。故选D。
19．A 20．A 21．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了在困难的日子里，你可能会忘记什么让你感到快乐。通过创作一幅文字艺术，你会有一个提醒物，无论何时时你需要它，你都可以转向它，并且讲述了如何制作幸福宣言。
19．细节理解题。根据第一段“But, by creating a piece f wrd art, yu will have a reminder ...”可知， 一个幸福的宣言主要是用于提醒我们要做点什么。故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段的内容可知，制作幸福宣言的步骤是：列出你喜欢的东西。→删除你觉得不感到兴奋的内容。→在纸上或卡片上输入或写下你的文字。→给你的诺言上色，使它们美丽。→把它放在你的房间里。故选A。
21．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，这篇文章主要是关于一些制定幸福宣言的建议。故选C。
22．B 23．C 24．C 25．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国在太空种植植物方面取得的进展，以及在太空中种植的意义、面临的困难等。
22．词义猜测题。根据“which may shw us hw astrnauts can cultivate fd t supprt lng-term space flights.”可知这可能向我们展示宇航员如何培育食物来支持长期太空飞行，故此处划线部分和grw意义相近。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据“The rice seedlings are grwing very seedlings f the tall sht rice variety (高杆水稻品种) have reached a height f abut 30 centimeters. Plus, the seedlings f the dwarf rice variety (矮秆水稻品种) have grwn t arund 5 centimeters”可知此处提到这些植物的高度，是为了表明稻苗长得很好。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“It aims t prduce the cmplete life cycle f the plant, which begins with a seed and ends with a grwn plant prducing new seeds.”可知这次实验旨在产生植物的完整生命周期，从种子开始，到生长的植物产生新种子结束，即这是第一次尝试在一个完整的生命周期内生产水稻的实验。故选C。
25．主旨大意题。根据“Rice has been the mst imprtant fd fr astrnauts fr a lng such an experiment ges well, astrnauts will be able t grw their fd in rbit, reducing hw much fd has t be taken n space flights.”可知最后两段主要介绍了水稻试验的重要性。故选B。
26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了绿色能源的主要来源。
26．细节理解题。根据“Fr example, we use wind energy and hydr energy t prduce electricity. Besides, the Sun helps plants t grw. Plants that grew millins f years ag turned int cal, il, and natural gas.”可知，作者举例说明展开第1段。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“Why is green energy imprtant? First, it is clean. It desn’t hurt the Earth. Next, it is renewable. It wn’t run ut.”可知，是因为它很干净且不会被用光。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据“There is als heat under the Earth’s surface.”可知，提到了地表下面的热量，选项D“科学家们可以利用这些热量作为能量，这就是热能。”符合语境。故选D。
29．主旨大意题。根据“What are the main surces (来源) f green energy?”以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了绿色能源的主要来源。由此这篇文章的目的是介绍一些绿色能源。故选B。
30．D 31．B 32．C 33．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国非物质文化遗产“香云纱”的制作工艺以及传承。
30．细节理解题。根据“T dye the fabric, wrkers put it in shuliang juice and let it dry n the grass. They repeat this many times until it turns brwnish yellw. Then, they put river mud n it t help shuliang react fully. After washing and drying it again, the fabric turns black!”可知，工人们把它放在薯莨汁里，让它在草地上晾干，重复这个过程很多次，直到它变成棕黄色，然后把河泥放在上面，以帮助薯莨充分反应。再次洗涤和干燥后，织物变黑了，D选项的顺序符合，故选D。
31．词义猜测题。根据“Ouyang Yngze is an inheritr f the dyeing skills frm Guangdng.”可知，欧阳永泽是广东染法的传承人，所以inheritr表示“传承人”，这个单词在B选项的意思也是相同的。故选B。
32．段落大意题。根据“Only a few peple wrk in the industry, and skilled masters are getting lder as fewer yung peple take part.”可知，只有少数人在这个行业工作，随着年轻人的减少，熟练的大师正在变老，也就是说将这种技能传递下去是一种挑战。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据“The dyeing prcess includes 30 steps.…Mastering the skills is difficult…Als, the jb can be really tiring as wrkers have t be at wrk in the sun fr 8 hurs each day”可知，染色过程包括30个步骤，掌握这项技能很困难，这项工作也很无聊，由此可推断，染色过程需要极大的耐心、高超的技艺和辛勤的劳动。故选D。
34．A 35．B 36．C 37．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局的工程师弗林为了解决宇航员在太空中生活而存在的一些问题，提出了把生活用品作为宇宙飞船的一部分。
34．词义猜测题。根据“The rm inside the spaceship is t limited t hld many things.”可知，这里是“太……而不能”结构，说明空间很小，容纳不了很多东西，故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据“but the prblem is that it’s t expensive”以及“But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way f slving the prblem.”可知，他的系统的好处是没有那么贵，即节省了费用。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据“All these make hard walls and great radiatin (辐射) prtectin..”可知，水墙概念的目的之一就是阻止巨大的辐射。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“The algae will live in bags in the walls t, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO2 and making xygen fr the astrnauts t breathe.”可知，藻类吸收二氧化碳，并为宇航员呼吸制造氧气。故选B。