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初中英语中考真题剖析+配套练习题——宾语从句
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这是一份初中英语中考真题剖析+配套练习题——宾语从句，共8页。试卷主要包含了三姊妹，三关，人称的变化和标点的使用，两副面孔，从句的简化等内容，欢迎下载使用。
宾语从句
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第十四章 宾语从句
宾语从句歌诀
宾语从句三姊妹，that，if/whether，wh-/hw展风采。
展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关。
主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。
陈述请你选that，疑问需用if/whether连。
特殊问句作宾从，原来问词不用换。
三关过后莫得意，人称、标点需注意。
留意变脸的if/when，从句的简化记心间。
一、三姊妹
宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。如：
We knew （that）we shuld learn frm each ther.
2. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如：
Please tell me if/whether yu have been t America.
3. 由wh，where，hw等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：
Can yu tell me hw I can get t the nearest pst ffice？
二、三关
1. 引导词关
如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。
2. 语序关
①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：
He is an hnest by. The teacher said. →The teacher said（that）he was an hnest by.
②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：
Des he wrk hard？I wnder.→I wnder if/whether he wrks hard.
When did he leave？I dn’t knw. →I dn’t knw when he left.
3. 时态关
①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：
I have heard（that）he will cme back next week.
②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如：
He said（that）there were n classes yesterday.
注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：
He said that light travels much faster than sund.
三、人称的变化和标点的使用
1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：
“May I use yur knife？”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife.
“D yu knw her telephne number？”He asked me. →He asked me if I knw her telephne number.
2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：
Wh will give us a talk？I dn’t knw. →I dn’t knw wh will give us a talk.[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]
D yu knw？Where des he live？→D yu knw where he lives？
四、两副面孔
if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如：
If it rains tmrrw，I wn’t cme.（时间状语从句）
I dn’t knw if it will rain tmrrw. （宾语从句）
五、从句的简化
1. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带t的不定式或V-ing形式。如：
She fund that the wallet lay/was lying n the grund. →She fund the wallet lie/lying n the grund.
2. 当主句谓语动词是hpe，wish，decide，frget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：
She agreed that she culd help me with my maths. →She agreed t help me with my maths.
3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：
Can yu tell me hw I can get t the statin？→Can yu tell me hw t get t the statin？
一、如何变人称：
学生在将直接引语变间接引语时。常常弄不清人称变化。下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brther wants t g with me. "→She said her brther wanted t g with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：
He said t Kate. "Hw is yur sister nw?"→He asked Kate hw her sister was then。“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a gd wrker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a gd wrker。二、如何变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：
1)She said. "I have lst a pen."→She said she had lst a pen
2)She said. "We hpe s."→She said they hped s.
3) She said. "He will g t see his friend。"→She said he wuld g t see his friend。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth mves arund the sun and the mn mves arund the earth, the teacher tld me. → The teacher tld me the earth mves arund the sun and the mn mves arund the earth。
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
Jack said. "Jhn, where were yu ging when I met yu in the street?"→Jack asked Jhn where he was ging when he met him in the street。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
Xia Wang said. "I was brn n April 2l, 1980。" →Xia Wang said he was brn n April 20, 1980。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
He said, "I get up at six every mrning。" →He said he gets up at six every mrning。
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ught t， had better, used t)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：culd, shuld, wuld, might）不再变。如：
Peter said. "Yu had better cme have tday。" →Peter said I had better g there that day。三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：nw变为then, yesterday。变为 the day befre）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These bks are mine." →He said thse bks were his.
四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus wuld arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can yu swim, Jhn?" →He asked Jhn if he culd swim.
"Yu have finished the hmewrk, haven‘t yu?" my mther asked. →My mther asked me whether I had finished the hmewrk.
"D yu g t schl by bus r by bike?" →He asked me if I went t schl by bus r by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
She asked me, "When d they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, rder, beg等) sb (nt) t d sth."句型。如：
"Dn’t make any nise," she said t the children. →She tld (rdered) the children nt t make any nise. "Bring me a cup f tea, please," said she.→She asked him t bring her a cup f tea. ⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：
He said, "Let’s g t the film." →He suggested ging t the film.或He suggested that they shuld g t see the film.
引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：
Jhn said, "I'm ging t Lndn with my father."
约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语）
Jhn said that he was ging t Lndn with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）
【配套练习题及参考答案】
（ ）1. Please tell me______. I have sme gd news fr him.
A. where Rbert lives B. where des Rbert live
C. where Rbert lived D. where did Rbert live
（ ）2. —We dn’t knw ．
—It is said that he was brn in Canada．
A．what he is B．when he was brn
C．where he cmes frm D．if he lives here
（ ）3. —May I cme in? I’m srry I am late.
—Cme in, please. But culd yu please tell me ______?
A. why yu are late again B. what were yu ding then
C. wh yu talked with D. hw d yu came t schl
（ ）4. Culd yu tell me________?
A. When will Mary cme back B. When Mary cmes back
C. When Mary will cme back
（ ）5.—What did yu say just nw?
—I asked _______.
A. that I culd pen the dr B. culd I pen the dr
C. hw culd I pen the dr D. hw I culd pen the dr
（ ）6.—D yu knw ________, Mike?
—On May 12th,2008
A. when the earthquake tk place in Wen Chuan
B. when did the earthquake take place in Wen Chuan
C. when the earthquake will take place in Wen Chuan
参考答案：1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. A
窗体顶端
窗体底端
I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。
1．I dn't knw _________ he will cme tmrrw．_________ he cmes，I'll tell yu．
A．if；Whether B．whether；Whether
C．if；That D．if；If
2．I dn't knw _________ the day after tmrrw．
A．when des he cme B．hw will he cme
C．if he cmes D．whether he'll cme
3．Culd yu tell me _________ the nearest hspital is？
A．what B．hw C．whether D．where
4．Culd yu tell me _________ the radi withut any help？
A．hw did he mend B．what did he mend
C．hw he mended D．what he mended
5．I want t knw _________ ．
A．whm is she lking after B．whm she is lking
C．whm is she lking D．whm she is lking after
6．D yu knw where _________ nw？
A．he lives B．des he live C．he lived D．did he live
7．D yu knw what time _________ ？
A．the train leave B．des the train leave
C．will the train leave D．the train leaves
8．I dn't knw _________ ．Can yu tell me，please？
A．hw the tw players are ld B．hw ld are the tw players
C．the tw players are hw ld D．hw ld the tw players are
9．The small children dn't knw _________ ．
A．what is their stckings in B．what is in their stckings
C．where is their stckings in D．what in their stckings is
10．I can't understand _________ ．
A．what des Christmas mean B．what Christmas des mean
C．what mean Christmas des D．what Christmas means
II．按要求转换句型。
1．Des Mr．Brwn enjy living in China？Culd yu tell us？（改写句子）
→Culd yu tell us _________ Mr．Brwn _________ living in China？
2．“Des the girl need any help？”he asked me．（变为复合句）
→He asked me _________ the girl _________ sme help．
3．Jim is nt a student．Tm is nt a student，either．（合并为一个句子）
_________ Jim _________ Tm is a student．
4．When des the train leave？I want t knw．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
I want t knw _________ the train _________ ．
5．They went hme after they had finished their hmewrk．（用nt．．．until改写）
They _________ g hme _________ they had finished their hmewrk．
6．Did Peter cme here yesterday？Li Lei wants t knw．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
Li Lei wants t knw _________ Peter _________ here yesterday．
参考答案：
I. 1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD
II. 1. if／whether; enjys 2. if／whether; needed 3. Neither; nr 4. when; leaves 5. didn't; until 6. whether; came
宾语从句
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第十四章 宾语从句
宾语从句歌诀
宾语从句三姊妹，that，if/whether，wh-/hw展风采。
展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关。
主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。
陈述请你选that，疑问需用if/whether连。
特殊问句作宾从，原来问词不用换。
三关过后莫得意，人称、标点需注意。
留意变脸的if/when，从句的简化记心间。
一、三姊妹
宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。如：
We knew （that）we shuld learn frm each ther.
2. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如：
Please tell me if/whether yu have been t America.
3. 由wh，where，hw等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：
Can yu tell me hw I can get t the nearest pst ffice？
二、三关
1. 引导词关
如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。
2. 语序关
①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：
He is an hnest by. The teacher said. →The teacher said（that）he was an hnest by.
②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：
Des he wrk hard？I wnder.→I wnder if/whether he wrks hard.
When did he leave？I dn’t knw. →I dn’t knw when he left.
3. 时态关
①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：
I have heard（that）he will cme back next week.
②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如：
He said（that）there were n classes yesterday.
注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：
He said that light travels much faster than sund.
三、人称的变化和标点的使用
1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：
“May I use yur knife？”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife.
“D yu knw her telephne number？”He asked me. →He asked me if I knw her telephne number.
2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：
Wh will give us a talk？I dn’t knw. →I dn’t knw wh will give us a talk.[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]
D yu knw？Where des he live？→D yu knw where he lives？
四、两副面孔
if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如：
If it rains tmrrw，I wn’t cme.（时间状语从句）
I dn’t knw if it will rain tmrrw. （宾语从句）
五、从句的简化
1. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带t的不定式或V-ing形式。如：
She fund that the wallet lay/was lying n the grund. →She fund the wallet lie/lying n the grund.
2. 当主句谓语动词是hpe，wish，decide，frget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：
She agreed that she culd help me with my maths. →She agreed t help me with my maths.
3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：
Can yu tell me hw I can get t the statin？→Can yu tell me hw t get t the statin？
一、如何变人称：
学生在将直接引语变间接引语时。常常弄不清人称变化。下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brther wants t g with me. "→She said her brther wanted t g with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：
He said t Kate. "Hw is yur sister nw?"→He asked Kate hw her sister was then。“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a gd wrker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a gd wrker。二、如何变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：
1)She said. "I have lst a pen."→She said she had lst a pen
2)She said. "We hpe s."→She said they hped s.
3) She said. "He will g t see his friend。"→She said he wuld g t see his friend。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth mves arund the sun and the mn mves arund the earth, the teacher tld me. → The teacher tld me the earth mves arund the sun and the mn mves arund the earth。
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
Jack said. "Jhn, where were yu ging when I met yu in the street?"→Jack asked Jhn where he was ging when he met him in the street。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
Xia Wang said. "I was brn n April 2l, 1980。" →Xia Wang said he was brn n April 20, 1980。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
He said, "I get up at six every mrning。" →He said he gets up at six every mrning。
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ught t， had better, used t)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：culd, shuld, wuld, might）不再变。如：
Peter said. "Yu had better cme have tday。" →Peter said I had better g there that day。三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：nw变为then, yesterday。变为 the day befre）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These bks are mine." →He said thse bks were his.
四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus wuld arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can yu swim, Jhn?" →He asked Jhn if he culd swim.
"Yu have finished the hmewrk, haven‘t yu?" my mther asked. →My mther asked me whether I had finished the hmewrk.
"D yu g t schl by bus r by bike?" →He asked me if I went t schl by bus r by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
She asked me, "When d they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, rder, beg等) sb (nt) t d sth."句型。如：
"Dn’t make any nise," she said t the children. →She tld (rdered) the children nt t make any nise. "Bring me a cup f tea, please," said she.→She asked him t bring her a cup f tea. ⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：
He said, "Let’s g t the film." →He suggested ging t the film.或He suggested that they shuld g t see the film.
引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：
Jhn said, "I'm ging t Lndn with my father."
约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语）
Jhn said that he was ging t Lndn with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）
【配套练习题及参考答案】
（ ）1. Please tell me______. I have sme gd news fr him.
A. where Rbert lives B. where des Rbert live
C. where Rbert lived D. where did Rbert live
（ ）2. —We dn’t knw ．
—It is said that he was brn in Canada．
A．what he is B．when he was brn
C．where he cmes frm D．if he lives here
（ ）3. —May I cme in? I’m srry I am late.
—Cme in, please. But culd yu please tell me ______?
A. why yu are late again B. what were yu ding then
C. wh yu talked with D. hw d yu came t schl
（ ）4. Culd yu tell me________?
A. When will Mary cme back B. When Mary cmes back
C. When Mary will cme back
（ ）5.—What did yu say just nw?
—I asked _______.
A. that I culd pen the dr B. culd I pen the dr
C. hw culd I pen the dr D. hw I culd pen the dr
（ ）6.—D yu knw ________, Mike?
—On May 12th,2008
A. when the earthquake tk place in Wen Chuan
B. when did the earthquake take place in Wen Chuan
C. when the earthquake will take place in Wen Chuan
参考答案：1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. A
窗体顶端
窗体底端
I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。
1．I dn't knw _________ he will cme tmrrw．_________ he cmes，I'll tell yu．
A．if；Whether B．whether；Whether
C．if；That D．if；If
2．I dn't knw _________ the day after tmrrw．
A．when des he cme B．hw will he cme
C．if he cmes D．whether he'll cme
3．Culd yu tell me _________ the nearest hspital is？
A．what B．hw C．whether D．where
4．Culd yu tell me _________ the radi withut any help？
A．hw did he mend B．what did he mend
C．hw he mended D．what he mended
5．I want t knw _________ ．
A．whm is she lking after B．whm she is lking
C．whm is she lking D．whm she is lking after
6．D yu knw where _________ nw？
A．he lives B．des he live C．he lived D．did he live
7．D yu knw what time _________ ？
A．the train leave B．des the train leave
C．will the train leave D．the train leaves
8．I dn't knw _________ ．Can yu tell me，please？
A．hw the tw players are ld B．hw ld are the tw players
C．the tw players are hw ld D．hw ld the tw players are
9．The small children dn't knw _________ ．
A．what is their stckings in B．what is in their stckings
C．where is their stckings in D．what in their stckings is
10．I can't understand _________ ．
A．what des Christmas mean B．what Christmas des mean
C．what mean Christmas des D．what Christmas means
II．按要求转换句型。
1．Des Mr．Brwn enjy living in China？Culd yu tell us？（改写句子）
→Culd yu tell us _________ Mr．Brwn _________ living in China？
2．“Des the girl need any help？”he asked me．（变为复合句）
→He asked me _________ the girl _________ sme help．
3．Jim is nt a student．Tm is nt a student，either．（合并为一个句子）
_________ Jim _________ Tm is a student．
4．When des the train leave？I want t knw．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
I want t knw _________ the train _________ ．
5．They went hme after they had finished their hmewrk．（用nt．．．until改写）
They _________ g hme _________ they had finished their hmewrk．
6．Did Peter cme here yesterday？Li Lei wants t knw．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
Li Lei wants t knw _________ Peter _________ here yesterday．
参考答案：
I. 1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD
II. 1. if／whether; enjys 2. if／whether; needed 3. Neither; nr 4. when; leaves 5. didn't; until 6. whether; came
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