2024年常州市初中学业水平考试模拟（一）英 语 试 题

这是一份2024年常州市初中学业水平考试模拟（一）英 语 试 题，共22页。试卷主要包含了本试卷共8页，全卷满分为90分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1．本试卷共8页，全卷满分为90分。考试时间为100分钟。考生须将答案书写在答题卡上，写在试卷上的一律无效。
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考试证号填写在试卷上，并填写答题卡上的考生信息。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、单项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．I felt prud while I ________ my hmetwn t the freigners yesterday afternn.
A．intrduceB．was intrducing
C．intrducesD．have intrduced
2．—Have yu met with any prblems living in France?
—Yes. It is hw t behave at the dinner table. At first, I didn’t knw that I culdn’t eat anything with my hands ________ bread, nt even fruit.
A．frB．exceptC．besidesD．acrss
3．Yu ________ return the bk tday. Yu may give it back in a week.
A．can’tB．mustn’tC．needn’tD．shuldn’t
4．Children are suppsed t learn ________ different subjects ________ gd manners, which are helpful t them fr their future life.
A．nt; butB．either; rC．nt nly; but alsD．neither; nr
5．Xiami SU7, a sprty electric car, gt tns f _______ when it came ut.
A．attentinB．cnditinC．inventinD．psitin
6．Lucy is a careful girl. She always remembers t the lights befre leaving the rm.
A．turn ffB．take ffC．put ffD．clean ff
7．Our teacher tld us yesterday that ________.
A．the Earth went arund the SunB．the Earth was ging arund the Sun
C．the Earth is ging arund the SunD．the Earth ges arund the Sun
8．She has t me many times s I wn't believe her any mre.
A．lainB．liedC．laidD．lay
9．—I’ve been practising my pian all mrning, but I still can nt play the new sng well.
—Dn’t wrry, my by. _________.
A．It’s never t ld t learnB．Well begun is half dne
C．Rme wasn’t built in a dayD．The early bird catches the wrm
10．—My car is under repair, can I brrw yurs fr a day?
— ________. I have t stay at hme these days t finish my papers.
A．N dubtB．That’s all rightC．I’d lve tD．Be my guest
二、完形填空(共12小题；每小題1分，满分12分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“What milk d yu get?” Heidi asked.
“I get it frm my wn gat (山羊) , that speckled ne ver there. But g ahead and eat!” Peter rdered again. Heidi beyed, and when the bwl was 11 , he filled it again. 12 a piece f bread fr herself, she gave Peter the rest. She handed him als the whle slice f cheese, saying, “Yu can eat that. I have had enugh!”
Peter was speechless with 13 , fr it wuld have been impssible fr him ever t give up any f his share. Nt taking Heidi seriusly, he hesitated (犹豫) 14 she put the things n his knees. Ndding his thanks t her, he ate the 15 meal he had ever had in all his life. Heidi was watching the gats in the meantime, and asked Peter fr their 16 .
The by culd tell them all t her, fr their names were abut the nly thing he had t carry in his head. She listened 17 and sn knew them, t. One f them was the Big Turk, wh tried t stick his big hrns (角) int all the thers. Mst f the gats 18 this rude buddy. A small white gat called Snwhpper kept up bleating (咩咩叫) pitifully and it made Heidi cnsle (安慰) it several times. Heidi at last went t the little thing again, and thrwing her 19 arund its head, she asked, “What is the matter with yu, Snwhpper? Why d yu always cry fr help?” The little gat slwly gt clse t Heidi’s side and became 20 . Peter was still eating, but between the swallws he called t Heidi, “She is s unhappy, because her mther has left us. She was sld t smebdy in Mayenfeld tw days ag.”
“Pr little Snwhpper!” said Heidi, drawing the little gat 21 t her. “Dn’t be sad any mre, I am cming up with yu every day nw, and if there is anything the matter, yu can cme t me.”
Snwhpper rubbed (摩擦) her head 22 Heidi’s shulder and stpped bleating. When Peter had finally finished his dinner, he jined Heidi.
11．A．dirtyB．fullC．emptyD．brken
12．A．Putting ffB．Breaking ffC．Turning ffD．Taking ff
13．A．fearB．peaceC．surpriseD．sadness
14．A．tillB．afterC．whileD．since
15．A．freshestB．wrstC．cleanestD．richest
16．A．namesB．agesC．persnalitiesD．habits
17．A．clearlyB．cmpletelyC．carefullyD．rapidly
18．A．gt interested in B．made friends with C．ran away frm D．tk care f
19．A．handsB．armsC．legsD．knees
20．A．nervusB．quietC．excitedD．stressed
21．A．angrilyB．quicklyC．gentlyD．curiusly
22．A．againstB．thrughC．ppsiteD．with
三、阅读理解(共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Are yu interested in space? Are yu dreaming f meeting astrnauts? If yur answers are “Yes”, then read n. LNJTS Science Magazine is hlding a cmpetitin fr students in Lianing. It can help yu achieve yur dream. Cme and jin in it!
23．What is the cmpetitin abut?
A．Art.B．Sprts.C．Music.D．Space.
24．Wh can take part in the cmpetitin?
A．A student.B．A teacher.C．A pilt.D．A scientist.
25．What d yu need t d t jin in the cmpetitin?
A．T read bks abut space.B．T design a cmplete frm.
C．T wrk in a team f 3 students.D．T send an email n June 24.
B
Abut 71 percent f the Earth’s surface is cvered by water. Water in nature is saltwater and fresh water, but nly three percent f that amunt (数量) is freshwater. A lt f rganizatins are saying that peple are running ut f usable water, but few are taking this prblem seriusly.
Why shuld they? They see water everywhere. The average American family uses mre than 1,140 liters (升) f water at hme per day. Hwever, in develping cuntries, nearly 900 millin peple d nt have safe drinking water. Water shrtages are, in fact, a bigger prblem tday than ever befre. The human ppulatin has cntinued t grw and with it, its need fr water. Glbal warming is making this prblem mre serius. Unless we all take it seriusly, we will end up having t live n a blue planet withut a drp f usable water.
Frm taking shrter shwers t reusing water, there are many ways fr yu t save water. One mre thing yu can d is t reduce yur use f “virtual water”. Perhaps yu have never heard f the idea f “virtual water.” It means the water yu use indirectly. We nt just drink water and use it t clean all kinds f things; we als “use” it thrugh the prducts we buy. T prduce a piece f A4 paper, fr example, we need abut ten liters f water. The prductin f ur fd requires even mre water. A cw needs t eat 1,300 kilgrams f grain (谷物) fr three years befre it can prduce 180 kilgrams f beef. The grain requires water t grw, the cw needs t drink, and the farmer needs water t clean his farm. S behind each 230-gram steak dinner, there are nearly 3,600 liters f water!
It will make a big difference if yu remve sme meat frm yur diet and eat mre fruit and vegetables instead. Yu are als saving water when yu are writing n bth sides f paper instead f just ne. The wrld is running ut f usable water. Every drp f it is valuable.
26．Hw much des saltwater take up the ttal amunt f water n the earth?
A．3%.B．68%.C．71%.D．97%.
27．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing may cause the water shrtages?
①The grwing human ppulatin.
② The prper reprcess f water.
③ The great need fr drinking water.
④ The increasing greenhuse effect.
A．①②④B．①③④C．①②③D．②③④
28．Amng the fllwing examples, which ne belngs t “virtual water”?
A．Taking a shwer.B．Washing sme clthes.
C．Making a cup f tea.D．Prducing a kil f muttn.
29．What is the writer’s purpse f writing this article?
A．T imprve the understanding f saving water.
B．T discuss the challenge f living n anther planet.
C．T explain the reasns f prtecting the envirnment.
D．T shw the pssibility f turning saltwater int fresh water.
C
Smetime in 1885 r 1886, Arthur Cnan Dyle was ddling (信手乱涂) n a sheet f paper. Inspired by Edgar Allan Pe’s Auguste Dupin, he had the idea fr a “cnsulting detective”, wh wuld als use “the Rules f Evidence” t catch his man. But what wuld he be called? “Ormnd Sacker”? “Sherrinfrd Hlmes”?
Had he settled n either f these alternatives, the mdern-day fan clubs wuld be able t lk clsely thrugh their magnifying glasses (放大镜) at that histric piece f paper at an exhibitin pening at the Museum f Lndn n Friday.
Sherlck Hlmes: The Man Wh Never Lived and Will Never Die is the first majr shw fr the great detective since a Hlmes display graced the Festival f Britain in 1951. It’s a winningly silly title: there are an unlimited number f men wh never lived and will never die, and a very large number f fictinal creatins f whm the same culd als be said. But yu can see what they are getting at.
It is likely that the shw shuld take place at the Museum f Lndn. Hlmes ccupied perhaps Lndn’s mst famus imaginary address — 221B Baker Street — and Dr. Watsn wrte that his “knwledge f the byways f Lndn was extrardinary”. In the frm f his “Baker Street Irregulars”, he even emplyed a street-level spy-netwrk the hmeless. Lndn is ften described as anther character in the stries.
But, as histrian David Cannadine pints ut in a fine, questining essay in a new bk accmpanying the exhibitin, Hlmes’s Lndn is actually nly sketchily imagined in the stries. Cnan Dyle grew up in Edinburgh, was educated in Lancashire and Austria, and lived in central Lndn fr less than a year befre mving first t Suth Nrwd, then in shrt rder t Hindhead in Surrey and later t Sussex. T mve Hlmes arund the capital, Cnan Dyle used cntemprary bks f street maps and the Lndn Pst Office Directry. And he made all srts f mistakes.
Als, befre fan-fictin as we think f it nw gt under way, the Hlmes stries led t a strange academic versin f fan-fictin: Hlmesians, taking a schlarly interest in the texts almst n the assumptin that Hlmes and Watsn were real histrical characters.
It shuld be nted that Cnan Dyle himself didn’t sweat the details. Everything frm the lcatin f Watsn’s ld war wund t his marital situatin and the address f his cnsulting rm was distinctly patchy (东拼西凑的).
Hlmes is, r might as well be, a magician. In this respect, the mdern BBC TV adaptatins — whse leaps f tricks I’ve seen cmplained abut — are in keeping with Cnan Dyle’s riginals.
He’s nt the prduct, nt any mre, f a single authr. And he’s never ging t be n the reader’s level — nr that f his friend Dr. Watsn. Cnan Dyle’s cnsulting detective is, made by the imaginatins f thers, a srt f gd. And like all the best gds, he is — as the new exhibitin’s title indicates — bth imaginary and everlasting.
30．What d Auguste Dupin and Sherlck Hlmes share in cmmn accrding t the authr?
A．They are bth fictinal detectives that lived in Lndn.
B．They are bth characters created by Arthur Cnan Dyle.
C．They bth use “the Rules f Evidence” t slve cases.
D．They bth use magnifying glasses.
31．Accrding t the passage, the sentence “Hlmes’s Lndn is actually nly sketchily imagined in the stries” in paragraph 5 means that ________.
A．Lndn is an imprtant setting in the Sherlck Hlmes stries
B．the city f Lndn in the nvel is different frm hw it really is
C．Lndn is hme t the tw main characters, Sherlck and Watsn
D．the authr Cnan Dyle made a lt f mistakes when in Lndn
32．The wrd “Hlmesians” in paragraph 6 prbably refers t ________.
A．super fans f HlmesB．schlars interested in Hlmes
C．studies abut HlmesD．mysteries cncerning Hlmes
D
Titles like “tali” and “kaim” have rted (植根于) themselves deeply int ancient Chinese histry and culture. What d they refer t? Have yu ever wndered what the stries behind these ideas are?
Mdesty and respect
Chinese peple in the past r even smetimes tday call their sns quanzi (犬子). They believe that dgs are humble (卑微的) animals. When Chinese parents use quanzi t refer t their sns, they are being mdest. Of curse, mst parents d have high expectatins fr their children and want them t be successful. Hwever, they dn’t usually talk abut this in frnt f thers. Anyway, they try t play it dwn. This is similar t hw even rich Chinese peple call their big huses hanshe (寒舍), which means “my humble hme”.
Althugh peple are mdest abut themselves, they praise thers a lt. They call their wn sns quanzi, but thers’ sns linglang (令郎), which is a respectful way t say “yur sn”.
Trees f character
In Chinese, kaim (楷模) means “rle mdel”. Bth f these Chinese characters have a “木” n their left side. This means kai and m might have been tw kinds f trees in ancient China, althugh there are different pinins abut this. Accrding t Duan Chengshi, a btanist (植物学家) wh lived during the Tang Dynasty（618 — 907）, there was a kind f tree called kai in suthwestern China. It was said that there were many kai trees grwing near Cnfucius’ tmb (孔子墓). The trunks (树干) f these trees were very straight. Sme peple thught they were like Cnfucius’ character — straight and upright. Legend has it that the m trees grew near the tmb f the Duke f Zhu (周公), a statesman (政治家) f the Zhu Dynasty（11th century — 256BC）. The clr f the m tree’s leaves was said t be pure, making the tree a symbl f purity and hnesty. Since the kai and m trees grew near the tmbs f tw respected peple, kaim was then used t refer t rle mdels in general, accrding t Sun Yi, a schlar (学者) wh lived during the Sng Dynasty（960 — 1279）.
Spreading seeds f educatin
There is a Chinese idim tali mantianxia (桃李满天下), referring t a teacher wh has taught s many students that they spread acrss the cuntry like peach and plum trees.
The idim cmes frm a stry abut Zizhi (子质)，an fficial wh lived in the State f Wei during the Warring States Perid（475 — 221 BC）. Zizhi was a knwledgeable persn. He pened a private schl and started t teach students.
As a teacher, Zizhi was kind and wise. He never chse students accrding t their wealth r scial psitins. He ften pinted at a peach and a plum tree in his yard when asking his students t wrk hard. “Yu shuld becme a useful persn t benefit sciety, just like when the peach and plum trees blm and prduce fruit,” he said.
Keeping these wrds in their minds, many f Zizhi’s students went n t different places arund the cuntry, achieving great things alng the way. They wuld plant peach and plum trees t shw their respect fr their teacher.
Since then, “peach and plum trees” has been used t refer t students wh have been successful in their pst — study careers.
33．Chinese peple in the past called their sns quanzi because________.
A．their sns were very humbleB．parents didn’t praise their sns t much
C．their sns liked dgs very muchD．parents didn’t think their sns will succeed
34．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t paragraph 4?
A．Kai and m are symbls f purity and hnesty because their leaves were pure.
B．楷 and 模 must be trees in ancient China because they have a “木” n their left side.
C．In peple’s pinin, Cnfucius was straight and upright and he set an example fr us.
D．There was a kind f tree called kai in suthwestern China accrding t Sun Yi, a schlar.
35．Which is the crrect rder f the things belw?
a. Zizhi ften pinted at a peach and a plum tree in his yard.
b. Zizhi pened a private schl and started t teach students.
c. Zizhi’s students went n t different places and achieved their gals.
d. Zizhi’s students wrked harder because the teacher encuraged them.
e. Zizhi’s students planted peach and plum trees t shw their respect fr their teacher.
A．a-c-b-d-eB．a-b-d-e-cC．b-d-c-e-aD．b-a-d-c-e
36．What’s the best title fr this passage?
A．The imprtance f gd qualities.B．Hw t be a successful persn.
C．Traditinal Chinese culture and value.D．The histry f Chinese educatin.
四、还原句子（共4小题；每小题1.5分，满分6分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chpsticks were first used in China and then intrduced t ther areas in the wrld. 37 Here are 3 things t knw abut them.
When were chpsticks invented?
Lng lng time ag, Chinese ancestrs (祖先) actually als used hands t eat. Abut 3,000 years ag during the Shang Dynasty, Chinese peple started t use chpsticks. During the pre-Qin perid, chpsticks were called “Jia (梜)”, and in the Qin and Han dynasties, they were called “Zhu (箸)”. Because “Zhu” shares the same prnunciatin with “stp” in Chinese, which is an unlucky wrd, by the Ming Dynasty, peple began t call them “Kuai”, meaning “fast” in Chinese. 38
Wh invented chpsticks?
39 One is that Jiang Ziya was inspired (激励) t create chpsticks by a mythical (神话中的) bird. Anther ne is that Daji, the favrite cnsrt (妃子) f the King Zhu f Shang, invented chpsticks in rder t please the king. It is als said that Yu the Great, wh funded the Xia Dynasty, used sticks t pick up ht fd in rder t save time t cntrl flds. S, chpsticks came int being.
40
When eating with the elders, Chinese peple usually let the elders take up chpsticks befre anyne else. Besides, playing with chpsticks is thught t be a bad manner. It’s als implite t tap chpsticks n the edge f ne’s bwl, because in ancient China beggars (乞丐) ften did it t attract attentin.
A．What shuld we pay attentin t when using chpsticks?
B．What else shuld we knw abut the histry f chpsticks?
C．This is the rigin (起源) f tday’s name f Chinese chpsticks.
D．Chpsticks are cnsidered ne f the symbls f Chinese fd culture.
E．The inventin f chpsticks plays a very imprtant rle in Chinese histry.
F．There is n exact histrical recrd abut the questin, but there are many flk stries abut it.
五、综合填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese buyers used t prize freign brands. They thught prducts made by American r Eurpean cmpanies were f 41 (high) quality than Chinese nes. Increasingly, that’s n lnger the case.
“Chinese peple brn befre 1985 42 (general) think that freign brands are better than Chinese nes,” the billinaire (亿万富翁) William Li tld Business Insider during a recent interview n CCTV-9. “Hwever, fr thse wh were brn 43 1985, it is a different picture.”
“When I went t the United Kingdm fr the 44 (ne) time in 1997, I thught that the difference between China and Eurpe was quite big,” Li said. “ 45 fr thse brn in the 1990s, when they visit Eurpe r the US, they d nt think there is a big difference.”
The change in thinking amng Chinese buyers is shwing up in many 46 (market) in China where western cmpanies used t cntrl. 47 study fund that yung Chinese buyers are increasingly shwing a “hme brand bias (偏好)”. Mre than 90% f yung Chinese buyers wuld like 48 (buy) hme brands, accrding t the study. Meanwhile (同时), hme cmpanies which prduce fd, drinks, r persnal care prducts increased 49 (they) share f the market by 3.3% ver the last ten years t nearly 70%.
Chinese buyers, especially the yunger nes, dn’t just believe that freign brands are better. They think China is gd and “Made in China” is nt bad at all. S far, hme cmpanies 50 (cntrl) the Chinese smartphne market. Sme freign brands in the tp ten have lst large grund t the hme brands in recent years.
六、根据所给中文完成句子（共6小题；每小题1.5分，满分9分）
51．如果你要想学好英语，发音非常值得关注。
If yu want t learn English well, prnunciatin .
52．下周我将离开中国去另一个亚洲国家。

53．这位开拓者最终成功取得领先地位了吗？
Did in the end?
54．我想知道你父母是否对你太严格。
I wnder yu.
55．贾玲在《热辣滚烫》中的成功一定和她的努力有关。
Jia Ling’s success in her film YOLO .
56．露西有如此好的方向感以至于她从不迷路。
Lucy has .
七、书面表达（共1题；满分15分）
57．时间在不经意中从指尖划过，转眼我们即将从母校毕业，愉快的暑假也即将来临了，同学们可曾思考如何度过一个多彩的暑假呢？根据以下思维导图的提示，以”My summer hliday plan”为主题的写一篇暑假计划的英语短文。
参考词汇：scial practice activities社会实践活动
要求：
1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2）必须包括流程图中所有要点内容，并适当发挥；
3）词数：100词左右（开头己给出, 不计入总词数）；
4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
My summer hliday plan
Summer hliday is cming.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：昨天下午，当我向外国人介绍我的家乡时，我感到很自豪。
考查时态。根据“I felt prud while...”可知是当介绍自己的家乡时，表示当时正在做的事情，用过去进行时was/were ding。故选B。
2．B
【详解】句意：——你在法国生活遇到什么问题了吗？——是的。是在餐桌上的举止。起初我不知道我不能用手吃任何东西，除了面包，甚至水果也不能。
考查介词辨析。fr为了；except除……之外（从整体中去掉）；besides除……之外（包括在内）；acrss横过，穿过。根据“I culdn’t eat anything with my , nt even fruit.”及常识可知，除了面包，不能用手吃任何东西，此处表示除去的部分不包括在内，应用except，故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：你今天不必归还这本书。你可以在一周内还。
考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；shuldn’t不应该。根据“Yu may give it back in a week.”可知是指你今天不必归还这本书。故选C。
4．C
【详解】句意：孩子不但应该学习许多不同的学科，而且还应该学习良好的礼仪。它们对孩子们的未来生活很有帮助。
考查连词辨析。不是……而是；或者……或者……；nt als...不但……而且……；既不……也不……。根据“which are helpful t them fr their future life”可知，此处表示学科知识和礼仪都需要学习，故选C。
5．A
【详解】句意：小米SU7，一款运动型电动汽车，一问世就引起了人们的广泛关注。
考查名词辨析。attentin关注；cnditin状况；inventin发明；psitin位置。根据“gt tns it came ut.”可知，此处是指小米SU7一问世，就引起广泛关注。故选A。
6．A
【详解】句意：露西是个细心的女孩。她总是记得离开房间前关灯。
考查动词短语。turn ff关闭；take ff起飞；put ff推迟；clean ff除去。根据“the lights befre leaving the rm”可知离开房间前要关灯。故选A。
7．D
【详解】句意：昨天我们老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
考查宾语从句。“地球绕着太阳转”是客观真理，当宾语从句是客观真理时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。故选D。
8．B
【详解】句意：她对我撒了很多次谎，所以我再也不相信她了。
本题考查动词lie的用法，根据句意理解可知，本题考查的是lie说谎意思，lie表示说谎时，过去式和过去分词都是规则的变化，都是lied，所以本题选B
【点睛】英语中lie的过去式过去分词的结构要注意，不同的意思有不同的过去式和过去分词。结构分别是：lie-lied-lied说谎；lie-lay-lain平躺,位于；lay-laid-laid放置,下蛋，可以编成顺口溜：规则的“说谎”，不规则的“躺”，躺完就“下蛋”。“规则”就是变化规则的,也就是和一般的动词变化一样相同的，“不规则的”就是变化不规则的lie-lay-lain (卧,躺,平放,位于)，“躺完就下蛋”：“躺”的完成式意思是“下蛋”lay-laid-laid (下蛋,放置)
9．C
【详解】句意：——我整个上午都在练习弹钢琴，但我还是弹不好这首新歌。——别担心，我的孩子。罗马不是一天建成的。
考查谚语。It’s never t ld t learn活到老学到老；Well begun is half dne良好的开端是成功的一半；Rme wasn’t built in a day罗马不是一天建成的；The early bird catches the wrm早起的鸟儿有虫吃。根据“I’ve been practising my pian all mrning, but I still can nt play the new sng well.”可知，此处表示练习了很久还是弹不好这首新歌，答语应表示勉励，“罗马不是一天建成的”意为做事不能急于求成，只有付出努力并持之以恒，才能取得成功。故选C。
10．D
【详解】句意：——我的车正在修理，我可以借用你的车一天吗？——请自便。这些天我不得不待在家里完成我的论文。
考查情景交际。N dubt无疑；That’s all right没关系，不客气；I’d lve t我很乐意；Be my guest请自便。根据“I have t stay at hme these days t finish my papers.”可知，自己要待在家里，所以同意把车借给对方。故选D。
11．C 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．D 16．A 17．C 18．C 19．B 20．B 21．C 22．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海蒂和皮特的故事。
11．句意：海蒂照做了，然后当碗空了，他又把它倒满了。
dirty脏的；full满的；empty空的；brken坏的。根据“ filled it again.”可知，当碗里没有了，他又倒满了。故选C。
12．句意：她撕了一点面包然后把剩下的全给了皮特。
Putting ff拖延；Breaking ff分离；Turning ff关闭；Taking ff起飞；根据“ piece f bread fr herself...”可知她给自己撕了一点面包，breaking ff“分离”符合语境。故选B。
13．句意：皮特平静得说不出话来。
fear恐惧；peace平静；surprise惊喜；sadness悲伤。根据“ it wuld have been impssible fr him ever t give up any f his share.”可知，他是不可能放弃他自己那部分的，所以他非常平静。故选B。
14．句意：他没有把海蒂当回事，当她把东西放在他膝盖上时，他犹豫了一下。
till直到；after之后；while当……的时候；since自从。根据“ put the things n his knees.”可知，当她把面包放在他的膝盖上时，while“当……的时候”符合语境。故选C。
15．句意：他向她点头表示感谢，吃了他有生以来从未吃过的最丰盛的一顿饭。
freshest最新鲜的；wrst最差的；cleanest最干净的；richest丰盛的；根据“ had ever had in all his life.”可知，他吃了他有生以来最丰盛的一顿饭，richest“丰盛的”符合语境。故选D。
16．句意：与此同时，海蒂在看山羊，向皮特要山羊的名字。
names名字；ages年龄；persnalities人格；habits习惯。根据“The by culd tell them all t her, fr their names were abut the nly thing he had t carry in his head.”可知，这里是指山羊的名字。故选A。
17．句意：她听得很认真然后很快全都认识了。
clearly清楚地；cmpletely完全地；carefully小心地；rapidly迅速地。根据“She sn knew them, t.”可知，listen carefully“认真听”符合语境。故选C。
18．句意：大部分山羊都远离这个粗鲁的家伙。
gt interested in对……感兴趣；made friends with和……交朋友；ran away frm从……逃离；tk care f对……照顾；根据“One f them was the Big Turk, wh tried t stick his big hrns (角) int all the thers.”可知，Big Turk太粗鲁了所以其他大部分山羊都远离它，ran away frm“远离”符合语境。故选C。
19．句意：最后海蒂又走到小东西身边，搂着它的头。
hands手；arms手臂；legs腿；knees膝盖。根据“thrwing its head”可知，她张开手臂搂着它的头，arms“手臂”符合语境。故选B。
20．句意：小山羊慢慢地靠近海蒂的身边然后变得安静了。
nervus紧张的；quiet安静的；excited兴奋的；stressed焦虑的。根据“A small white gat called Snwhpper kept up bleating (咩咩叫) pitifully and it made Heidi cnsle (安慰) it several times.”可知，小山羊一开始一直在咩咩叫直到海蒂安慰了它几次，然后就变得安静了。故选B。
21．句意：“可怜的小山羊！”海蒂说，然后轻轻的把它拉到身边。
angrily生气地；quickly快速地；gently轻轻地；curiusly好奇地。根据“Peter was still eating, but between the swallws he called t Heidi, “She is s unhappy, because her mther has left us. She was sld t smebdy in Mayenfeld tw days ag.””可知，那只小山羊好伤心，海蒂轻轻地把它拉到身边来说话，gently“轻柔地”符合语境。故选C。
22．句意：小山羊用头去摩擦海蒂的肩膀然后没有咩咩叫了。
against反对；thrugh通过；ppsite相反；with用。根据“rubbed (摩擦) her ’s shulder”可知，山羊用头去摩擦海蒂的肩膀，rub sth. with sth.“用某物摩擦某物”为固定搭配。故选D。
23．D 24．A 25．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了一场关于太空的竞赛，包括竞赛的规则、奖品和注意事项等。
23．细节理解题。根据“Are yu interested in space? Are yu dreaming f meeting astrnauts? If yur answers are ‘Yes’, then read n. LNJTS Science Magazine is hlding a cmpetitin fr students in Lianing.”可知，竞赛是关于太空的。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“LNJTS Science Magazine is hlding a cmpetitin fr students in Lianing.”以及“Yu must be a junir high schl student.”可知，参加竞赛的是初中学生。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据“Yu need t wrk in a team f three students.”可知，为了参加比赛，你必须组成一个三人小组。故选C。
26．D 27．B 28．D 29．A
【导语】本文主要指出了重视水资源短缺问题的重要性，并且提供了节约水资源的方法。
26．推理判断题。根据“Water in nature is saltwater and fresh water, but nly three percent f that amunt (数量) is freshwater”可知，自然界的水分为咸水和淡水，但其中只有3%是淡水，故可推测出，有97%都是咸水。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“The average American family uses mre than 1,140 liters (升) f water at hme per day. Hwever, in develping cuntries, nearly 900 millin peple d nt have safe drinking human ppulatin has cntinued t grw and with it, its need fr water. Glbal warming is making this prblem mre serius”可知，人口持续增长，对水的需求也随之增加。全球变暖使这个问题更加严重。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据“Perhaps yu have never heard f the idea f ‘virtual water.’ It means the water yu use indirectly. We nt just drink water and use it t clean all kinds f things; we als ‘use’ it thrugh the prducts we buy”可知，也许你从未听说过“虚拟水”这个概念。它指的是你间接使用的水。我们不只是喝水，用它来清洗各种各样的东西；我们也通过我们购买的产品“使用”它。故可推测出，选项D“生产一公斤羊肉”属于“虚拟水”。故选D。
29．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要指出了重视水资源短缺问题的重要性，并且提供了节约水资源的方法。故作者写这篇文章是为了提高大家的节约用水意识。故选A。
30．C 31．B 32．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章借周五伦敦博物馆的一次展览引出关于福尔摩斯这一人物创作过程中的一些话题。
30．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inspired by Edgar Allan Pe’s Auguste Dupin, he had the idea fr a ‘cnsulting detective’, wh wuld als use ‘the Rules f Evidence’ t catch his man. But what wuld he be called? ‘Ormnd Sacker’? ‘Sherrinfrd Hlmes’? ”可知，Sherrinfrd Hlmes是根据德加•爱伦•坡的小说《Auguste Dupin》创作的人物，他们都使用“the Rules f Evidence(证据规则)”来解决案件。故选C。
31．词句猜测题。根据第五段中对作者成长经历的描写“Cnan Dyle grew up in Edinburgh, was educated in Lancashire and Austria, and lived in central Lndn fr less than a year befre mving first t Suth Nrwd(柯南·道尔在爱丁堡长大，在兰开夏郡和奥地利接受教育，在伦敦市中心住了不到一年就搬到了南诺伍德)”和他创作方式的描写“T mve Hlmes arund the capital, Cnan Dyle used cntemprary bks f street maps and the Lndn Pst Office Directry. And he made all srts f mistakes.(为了让福尔摩斯在伦敦四处走动，柯南·道尔使用了当时的街道地图书籍和伦敦邮局指南。他犯了各种各样的错误)”可知，柯南·道尔对伦敦并不熟悉，所以历史学家大卫·康纳汀说“Hlmes’s Lndn is actually nly sketchily imagined in the stries.(福尔摩斯笔下的伦敦实际上只是故事中粗略的想象)”是为了表明：小说中的伦敦和真实的伦敦的面貌是不一样的。故选B。
32．词句猜测题。根据第六段“Hlmesians”一词后“taking a schlarly interest in the texts almst n the assumptin that Hlmes and Watsn were real histrical characters.(几乎假定福尔摩斯和华生是真实的历史人物，对这些文本产生了学术上的兴趣)”可推知，Hlmesians是一群把虚构的福尔摩斯与华生当作真实历史人物来研究的读者，是福尔摩斯的一群超级粉丝。故选A。
33．B 34．C 35．D 36．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国历史和文化中的一些传统观念和故事，展示了传统文化中对于谦逊、尊重、正直和教育的重视。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“When Chinese parents use quanzi t refer t …Anyway, they try t play it dwn.” 可知，父母称自己儿子为“犬子”是一种谦虚和谦卑，虽然孩子也受到了很好的教育，也希望他们成功，但在人前还是放低姿态，淡化对儿子的表扬。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段“Sme peple thught they were like Cnfucius’ character — straight and upright.”可知，在人们看来，孔子很正直，给我们树立了榜样。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据第六段“He pened a private schl and started t teach students.”和第七段“He ften pinted at a peach and a plum tree …he said.”以及第八段“Keeping these wrds in their minds, many f … shw their respect fr their teacher.”可知，badce五句话按顺序讲述了子质办学，教育学生做对社会有用的人，后来学生秉承老师的思想取得了很大成就，种了桃树和李树以示对老师的尊敬的故事。故选D。
36．最佳标题题。根据第一段“Titles like ‘tali’ and ‘kaim’ have rted themselves deeply int ancient Chinese histry and culture. What d they refer t? Have yu ever wndered what the stries behind these ideas are?”及结合下文，可知本文主要介绍了中国历史和文化中的一些传统观念和故事。故选C。
37．D 38．C 39．F 40．A
【导语】本文介绍了筷子的相关信息，包括发明时间、发明者及使用注意点。
37．根据“Chpsticks were first used in China and then intrduced t ther areas in the wrld.”可知，此空从总体上来介绍筷子，D选项“筷子被认为是中国饮食文化的象征之一。”符合，故选D。
38．根据空格位置可知，此空总结该段落，C选项“这就是今天中国筷子名字的由来。”符合，故选C。
39．根据“Wh invented chpsticks?”及“One is that Jiang Ziya was inspired (激励) t create chpsticks by a mythical (神话中的) bird.”可知，此空讲“问题的答案与故事有关”，F选项“关于这个问题没有确切的历史记载，但有许多民间故事。”符合，故选F。
40．根据空格位置可知，此处为段落小标题，为特殊疑问句，结合段落大意可知，主要讲的是“使用筷子需要注意的内容”，A选项“使用筷子时要注意什么？”符合，故选A。
41．higher 42．generally 43．after 44．first 45．But 46．markets 47．A 48．t buy 49．their 50．have cntrlled
【导语】本文主要介绍近些年中国买家消费观念的转变。
41．句意：他们认为美国或欧洲公司生产的产品比中国的质量更高。根据“than”可知此处用比较级，用形容词higher修饰名词“quality”。故填higher。
42．句意：1985年以前出生的中国人普遍认为外国品牌比中国品牌更好。此处修饰动词用副词generally“普遍地”。故填generally。
43．句意：然而，对于那些在1985年之后出生的人来说，情况就不一样了。根据“Hwever”可知，此处应与上文“Chinese peple brn befre 1985...”相反，此处指1985年之后出生的人，after“在……之后”。故填after。
44．句意：当我1997年第一次去英国时，我认为中国和欧洲的差异很大。fr the first time“第一次”。故填first。
45．句意：但对于那些出生在20世纪90年代的人来说，当他们访问欧洲或美国时，他们认为没有太大区别。此处和前句是转折关系，用but连接。故填But。
46．句意：中国买家思维方式的转变正出现在中国许多市场，而这些市场以往都是由西方公司控制的。many后加可数名词复数。故填markets。
47．句意：一项研究发现，中国年轻买家越来越表现出“本土品牌偏好”。此处泛指“一项研究”，study以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填A。
48．句意：根据这项研究，超过90%的中国年轻买家想要购买本土品牌。wuld like t d sth.“想要做某事”。故填t buy。
49．句意：与此同时，生产食品、饮料或个人护理产品的本土公司在过去十年中的市场份额增加了3.3%，达到近70%。空后是名词，此处用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”。故填their。
50．句意：到目前为止，国内企业已经控制了中国智能手机市场。根据“S far”可知句子用现在完成时，主语是名词复数，助动词用have。故填have cntrlled。
51．is well wrth paying attentin t
【详解】通过中英文句子的对照，可知空处表示“非常值得关注”。“非常值得做某事”be well wrth ding sth.，主语是prnunciatin，所以be动词用is；“关注”英文表达为pay attentin t。故填is well wrth paying attentin t。
52．I will leave China fr anther Asian cuntry next week.
【详解】分析题干可知，句子为一般将来时的肯定句；I“我”，作主语；leave China fr anther Asian cuntry“离开中国去另一个亚洲国家”，动词短语，时态为将来时，谓语动词应为will leave；next week“下周”，时间状语，位于句末。故填I will leave China fr anther Asian cuntry next week.
53．this pineer succeed in taking the lead/this pineer take the lead successfully
【详解】“这位开拓者”this pineer；“成功做某事”succeed in ding sth，或用副词successfully“成功地”修饰动词；“取得领先地位”take the lead。助动词Did后跟动词原形。故填this pineer succeed in taking the lead/take the lead successfully。
54．if yur parents are t strict with/whether yur parents are t strict with
【详解】“是否”为if/whether，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序；“你的父母”为yur parents；“太”为t，修饰形容词；“对某人要求严格”为be strict with；结合句意 ，该句为一般现在时，主语为复数，be动词用are，故填if/whether yur parents are t strict with。
55．is sure t depend n her effrts/must have smething t d with her effrts
【详解】根据中英文对照，可知此处需填“一定和她的努力有关”。一定：be sure t d/must，句子描述客观事实，需使用一般现在时，主语是Jia Ling’s success，be动词使用is；取决于：depend n，与……相关：have smething t d with；她的努力：her effrts。故填is sure t depend n/must have smething t d with her effrts。
56．such a gd sense f directin that she never gets lst/such a gd sense f directin that she never lses her way
【详解】如此……以至于such…that…；方向感a sense f directin；迷路get lst/lse ne’s way。such…that…后跟结果状语从句，根据主句时态可知用一般现在时。故填such a gd sense f directin that she never gets lst/lses her way。
57．One pssible versin:
My summer hliday plan
Summer hliday is cming. We shuld d what is interesting and meaningful t have a clurful life. First, we shuld read a lt every day. Because reading bks can help us learn a lt f knwledge. Reading can make a man prgress. Secnd, we shuld learn sme new skills. We can help ur parents d husewrk, such as washing , cleaning and cking. Because ding these things can help us nt depend n ur parents, but n urselves. Third, we shuld take part in different scial practice activities. We can be vlunteers fr ur neighbrhd. Finally, I want t make a new friend. Because I like making friends.
I think if we carry ut this plan. we will have a clurful and meaningful summer hliday.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明目的，想要一个多彩的假期；
第二步，具体阐述计划，包括读书、学技巧、参加社会活动，交朋友，并介绍原因；
第三步，总结，表达自己的愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①help sb d sth帮助某人做某事
②take part in参加
③depend n依靠
[高分句型]
①Reading can make a man prgress. (动名词作主语句型)
②I think if we carry ut this plan. (宾语从句)