甘肃省兰州市红古区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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Saturday is Emily’s favrite day f the week. On that day, ____1____ ding her chres, she is free t d what she wants t d. But tday, it was warm and ____2____. Emily wanted t g ut right nw, s she walked t the dr ____3____.
Suddenly, little Je shuted, “Mama, Emily is ging utside, and she didn’t d her ____4____. “Emily stpped and gt back. Mama entered the rm. She said, “I knw yu lve the sunshine, Emily, but d yu remember ____5____ respnsibility (责任) means?” Emily answered, “Yes, Mama. Respnsibility means ding what I shuld d s I can grw up t ____6____ myself. “Mama smiled and went away.
Emily began t d her chres. She ____7____ her bed, put the tys in the bx and placed her bks n the bkshelf. She picked up the clthes n the flr and carried ____8____ t the bathrm. There she washed the clthes and cleaned the mirrr.
Emily ran ____9____ her mm and shuted, “Mama, I’m dne with my chres. I’m ging t play utside nw.” “Gd girl,” her mm said.
Thugh Emily didn’t ____10____ t d chres, she was glad that she culd help her mm.
1. A. befreB. afterC. whenD. with
2. A. sunnyB. rainyC. windyD. snwy
3. A. differentlyB. easilyC. quietlyD. ludly
4. A. chresB. readingC. trainingD. hmewrk
5. A. hwB. whatC. whereD. wh
6. A. take afterB. fix upC. give upD. depend n
7. A. tkB. develpedC. madeD. drpped
8. A. herB. usC. itD. them
9. A. frB. tC. withD. n
10. A. likeB. stpC. makeD. start
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了埃米莉在妈妈的提醒下做完了家务后愉快地出去玩的故事。
【1题详解】
句意：在那一天，她做完家务之后，她可以随意做她想做的事情。
befre在……之前；after在……之后；when当……时；with和。根据“ding her chres, she is free t d what she wants t d.”可知，是指在做完家务之后，她可以随意做自己想做的事情。故选B。
【2题详解】
句意：但今天，天气温暖，阳光灿烂。
sunny阳光明媚的；rainy下雨的；windy多风的；snwy下雪的。根据“warm”可知，天气很好，阳光明媚。故选A。
【3题详解】
句意：埃米莉现在想出去，所以她悄悄地走到门口。
differently不同地；easily容易地；quietly悄悄地；ludly大声地。根据“Emily wanted t g ut right nw”及“she didn’t d her”可知，她没有做完家务，就想要出去，因此是悄悄地走到门口。故选C。
【4题详解】
句意：妈妈，埃米莉出去了，她没做家务。
chres家务；reading阅读；training训练；hmewrk家庭作业。根据“ding her chres, she is free t d what she wants t d.”可知，是指她还没做家务就要出去了。故选A。
【5题详解】
句意：我知道你喜欢阳光，埃米莉，但你记得责任意味着什么吗？
hw如何；what什么；where哪里；when什么时候。根据“Respnsibility means ding what I shuld d”可知，妈妈是在问责任意味着什么，应用what引导宾语从句。故选B。
【6题详解】
句意：责任意味着做我应该做的事，这样我才能长大后依靠自己。
take after与……相像；fix up修理；give up放弃；depend n依靠，依赖。根据“Respnsibility means ding what I shuld d … myself”以及语境可知，此处表示长大后依靠自己。故选D。
【7题详解】
句意：她整理好了床铺，把玩具放进盒子里，把书放在书架上。
tk带走；develped发展；made制作；drpped掉落。make ne’s bed“整理某人的床铺”，固定搭配。故选C。
【8题详解】
句意：她捡起地上的衣服并且把它们放到了浴室里。
her她；us我们；it它；them它们。根据“She picked up the clthes n the flr”可知，此处应用them指代前文的clthes。故选D。
【9题详解】
句意：埃米莉跑向妈妈，大声喊着。
fr为了，给；t到；with带着；n在……上面。run t“跑向……”。故选B。
【10题详解】
句意：尽管埃米莉不喜欢家务，但是她很高兴能帮助妈妈。
like喜欢；stp阻止；make制作；start开始。根据“Thugh Emily didn’t ... t d chres, she was glad that she culd help her mm.”可知，是指尽管她不喜欢做家务，但很高兴能帮助妈妈。故选A。
三、阅读理解 阅读下面三段材料, 根据材料内容和要求, 从题后选项中选择一个最佳答案。
Last Sunday evening, my parents went ut fr a walk with my sister. But I studied alne at hme because I wuld have an English test. Suddenly, I saw bright light in my neighbr’s kitchen. I thught he was cking, s I went n studying.
Sn, there was a terrible smell in the air and I thught smething was wrng. I went ut and saw fire cming ut f my neighbr’s kitchen. S I shuted “Fire! Fire!” But n ne heard r came ut.
I ran quickly t my huse t call 119, and then I rang my neighbr’s drbell, kncked at the dr, but there was n respnse. I gt int the huse thrugh the windw and fund my neighbr sleeping in his bedrm. I wke him up and we rushed ut f the huse tgether.
We tried ur best t pur water thrugh the kitchen windw, but the fire was t heavy. Luckily, the firemen came and put ut the fire quickly. When my parents came back, they fund I was dirty and tired. After my neighbr tld them the whle stry, they were happy and said I was a brave by.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
11. The underlined wrd “respnse” can be replaced（代替）by “________”.
A. resultB. answerC. questinD. key
12. Why didn’t the writer g ut fr a walk with his parents?
A. Because he thught it was bring.B. Because he wuld have an English class.
C. Because he had t study fr an English test.D. Because there was a fire in his neighbr’s kitchen.
13. Wh put ut the fire at last?
A. The writer.B. The writer’s parents.C. The writer’s neighbr.D. The firemen.
14. Accrding t the text, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. The writer’s neighbr was sleeping when the fire started.
B. N ne helped the writer’s neighbr put ut the fire.
C. The fire happened last Friday evening.
D The writer’s parents were angry when they knew what had happened.
15. What’s the text mainly abut?
A. Hw t put ut a fire.B. Hw t prepare a meal.
C. Hw the writer saved his neighbr.D. Hw brave the firemen were.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者拯救了火灾中的邻居。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“I rang my neighbr’s drbell, kncked at the dr, but there was n respnse”可知我按了邻居的门铃，敲了敲门，但没有人回应，故此处划线部分和answer意义相近。故选B。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But I studied alne at hme because I wuld have an English test”可知作者因为要准备英语考试，所以没有和父母去散步。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ the firemen came and put ut the fire quickly”可知消防员扑灭了火。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I gt int the huse thrugh the windw and fund my neighbr sleeping in his bedrm”可知火灾发生时，邻居正在睡觉。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者拯救了火灾中的邻居。故选C。
Every year, a lt f yung peple in Britain finish schl and then take a year ff befre they start wrk r g t university. Sme yung peple g t ther cuntries and wrk as vlunteers. Vlunteers give their time t help peple. Fr example, they wrk in schls r hspitals, r they help with envirnmental prtectin.
Pauline Jnes, 18, lives in Cardiff, Wales. Next year she wants t g t a university t study Spanish, but nw she is living in Belize, a small cuntry in Central America. Pauline says, “I’m wrking with ther peple here t prtect the cral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize. The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is plluted, the cral will die. I’m helping t study the cral and the fish that live arund the reefs. All ver the wrld, cral reefs are dying. We need t d smething abut the prblem befre it’s t late.”
“I’m staying with a family here. They are very friendly and I help with the cking and the cleaning. I dn’t get any mney but that’s OK. I lve my wrk here, and I learn a lt abut the peple f Belize. When I finish my wrk, I want t stay here fr anther three mnths. I plan t visit ther cuntries in Central America, t.”
16. Frm the passage, we can knw that Pauline ________.
A. cmes frm BelizeB. is wrking as a vlunteer
C. is living with her familyD. is gd at Chinese
17. What des Pauline prbably think f her vlunteer wrk?
A. Useful.B. Relaxing.C. Bring.D. Easy.
18. Pauline is ging t ________ after she finishes her vlunteer wrk.
A. start t wrkB. g traveling
C. learn t swimD. study English
19. The underlined wrds “the prblem” in Paragraph 2 refer t ________.
A. she will g back t university
B. she misses her family a lt
C. she desn’t have any mney
D. the cral reefs are dying
20. Where is the passage mst prbably frm?
A. A science reprt.B. A guide bk.
C. A magazine.D. A strybk.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了18岁的Pauline Jnes在伯利兹做珊瑚礁保护工作的故事。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据“I’m wrking with ther peple here t prtect the cral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize.”可知，她正在和这里的其他人一起保护伯利兹附近海域的珊瑚礁。说明Pauline正在当志愿者。故选B。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据“I’m wrking with ther peple here t prtect the cral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize. The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is plluted, the cral will die. I’m helping t study the cral and the fish that live arund the reefs. All ver the wrld, cral reefs are dying. We need t d smething abut the prblem befre it’s t late.(她正在和这里的其他人一起保护伯利兹附近海域的珊瑚礁……全世界的珊瑚礁都在死亡，需要在为时已晚之前采取措施解决这个问题)”可知，Pauline觉得她的志愿者工作是有用的。故选A。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I lve my wrk here, and I learn a lt abut the peple f Belize. When I finish my wrk, I want t stay here fr anther three mnths. I plan t visit ther cuntries in Central America, t.”可知，她完成志愿者工作后计划去旅行。故选B。
【19题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“All ver the wrld, cral reefs are dying.”可知，全世界珊瑚礁都在死亡。the prblem指的是”珊瑚礁正在死亡”。故选D。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了18岁的Pauline Jnes在伯利兹做珊瑚礁保护工作的故事，所以文章可能来自一本杂志。故选C。
Parents play an imprtant rle in their children’s life. If they lve each ther, it will make the children healthy, smart and helpful.
“My mther tells me she will lve me frever. This makes me happy.” 17-year-ld Jhn says. (He is ne f the 1, 280 yung peple. Smene asks them t talk abut what makes them happy by answering sme questins. ) Here are the results.
★Children wh have parents’ lve and help are healthier.
★Students with parents can easily get higher grades. And it is easier fr them t finish their educatin and cntinue a higher educatin.
★Children can have better cmmunicatin skills when their parents can understand their needs and feelings.
21. Hw many advantages f parents’ lve are there in the passage?
A. Tw.B. Three.C. Fur.D. Five.
22. Hw des Jhn’s mther’s lve make Jhn feel?
A. Enjyable.B. Angry.C. Bred.D. Nervus.
23. When parents are with the children, children will be able t ________ mre easily.
A. lse their educatin infrmatinB. make themselves tired
C. get better living envirnmentD. get better educatin
24. What will children be gd at if their parents understand them well?
A. Lking fr a gd jb.B. Spending time alne.
C. Cmmunicating with thers.D. Helping thers.
25. Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A. Parents are an imprtant part f children’s life.
B. Parents’ lve can make children healthier.
C Children with parents are nt able t get high grades.
D. Children withut parents may nt finish their educatin.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍家长在孩子们的生活中起着重要的作用，并介绍父母的爱的优点。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后三段“★Children wh have parents’ lve and help are healthier. ★Students with parents can easily get higher grades. And it is easier fr them t finish their educatin and cntinue a higher educatin. ★Children can have better cmmunicatin skills when their parents can understand their needs and feelings.”可知，文章介绍了三个优点。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My mther tells me she will lve me frever. This makes me happy.”可知，约翰对母亲的爱感到开心。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“★Students with parents can easily get higher grades. And it is easier fr them t finish their educatin and cntinue a higher educatin.”可知，有父母的学生很容易取得更高的成绩，他们更容易完成学业并继续接受高等教育。故选D。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“★Children can have better cmmunicatin skills when their parents can understand their needs and feelings.”可知，当父母能理解孩子的需要和感受时，孩子就能有更好的沟通技巧。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“★Students with parents can easily get higher grades.”可知，有父母的学生很容易取得更高的成绩，所以C项错误。故选C。
四、任务型填空
阅读下面短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次）
When Peytn was ____26____ 11-year-ld by, a rainstrm hit his hmetwn n a dark night. When the strm came, he was ____27____ his rm. His sister was sleeping and his mther was in the ____28____. His father was watching TV. ____29____, all the lights went ff. Then the rain ____30____ against the drs and windws heavily. The wind blew ____31____, s his sister ____32____ up. She was scared and started t cry. The family culdn’t d anything. Peytn’s father tk ut the flashlight but it ____33____ wrk. S his mther fund sme candles and a bx f ____34____. The next mrning, after they listened t the news n the radi, they ____35____ that a heavy rainstrm had happened.
【答案】26. an 27. cleaning
28. kitchen
29. Suddenly
30. beat 31. hard
32. wke 33. didn’t
34. matches
35. realized
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了一个名叫佩顿的11岁男孩在家乡遭遇暴雨的故事。
【26题详解】
句意：当佩顿还是一个11岁的男孩时，一场暴雨在一个漆黑的夜晚袭击了他的家乡。空处修饰其后的单数名词，表示泛指，11“eleven”为元音音素开头的单词，故用an修饰，故填an。
【27题详解】
句意：暴风雨来临时，他正在打扫房间。根据“his rm”可知，此处表示“打扫”房间，根据came和was，可知时态为过去进行时，was后跟clean的现在分词形式cleaning。故填cleaning。
【28题详解】
句意：他妹妹在睡觉，他妈妈在厨房里。根据“ his mther was in the ”以及选词可知，此处指的是地点，应用kitchen“厨房”符合语境，in the kitchen“在厨房”，故填kitchen。
【29题详解】
句意：突然，所有的灯都熄灭了。根据“ all the lights went ff”及选词可知，此处是sudden“突然”符合语境，这里用其副词suddenly“突然”修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母需要大写。故填Suddenly。
【30题详解】
句意：接着雨水重重地打在门窗上。根据“ Then the the drs and windws heavily.”可知，此处是beat“击打”符合语境，根据前句的went可知，时态为一般过去时，beat的过去式为beat。故填beat。
【31题详解】
句意：风刮得很大，所以他的妹妹醒了。根据“The wind blew”可知，此处修饰风刮得很大，hard“猛烈地”符合语境，修饰动词blew。故填hard。
【32题详解】
句意：风刮得很大，所以他的妹妹醒了。根据“s his ”可知，wake“醒来”符合语境，根据前句的blew可知，时态为一般过去时，wake的过去式为wke。故填wke。
【33题详解】
句意：佩顿的父亲拿出手电筒，但手电筒坏了。根据“S his mther fund sme candles”以及空后的动词“wrk”可知，此处用助动词dn’t符合语境，文章为一般过去时，这里表示否定，故用didn’t，故填didn’t。
【34题详解】
句意：所以他的母亲找到了一些蜡烛和一盒火柴。根据“sme candles and a bx f”及选词可知，此处指的是match“火柴”符合语境，这里用其复数形式表示泛指。故填matches。
【35题详解】
句意：第二天早上，他们听了收音机里的新闻后，才意识到发生了一场大暴雨。根据“ a heavy rainstrm had happened.”及选词可知，此处指的是realize“意识到”，文章为一般过去时，故用其过去式realized，故填realized。
五、任务型阅读理解
请阅读下面短文，按要求完成问题。
There are many charities in the UK. Peple in Lndn give 2 billin (十亿) punds t charity each year. Mst peple in the UK give mney nce a mnth. Peple usually give mney t children, ld peple, schls and hspitals.
Charity shps pay sme peple t wrk in the shps, but ther peple, called vlunteers, wrk there and are nt paid. Peple can give their ld clthes, tys, bks and ther things that they dn’t use any mre t charity shps. The vlunteers then wash the ld clthes t make sure they are clean befre selling them. The mney that they get ①_______ selling things always ges t a charity. Many peple believe that yu can find sme things cheaply in charity shps. Yu just have t knw where t lk!
②Anther way t give mney t charity is by running r cycling in a charity race. Yu can ask yur friends and family t give mney t help yu and the charity. Smetimes they give yu mney fr every kilmeter that yu cmplete.
36. Hw ften des mst peple in the UK give mney t charity?
____________________________________
37. 请结合文意，在文中①处填入一个连词，使上下文通顺、连贯。 _________
38. Many peple believe that yu can find sme _________ things in charity shps.
39. 请将②处划线句子翻译成中文。
____________________________________
40. What vlunteer jb d yu want t d?
____________________________________
【答案】36. Once a mnth.
37. frm 38. cheap
39. 另一种向慈善机构捐款的方式是在慈善比赛中跑步或骑自行车。
40. I want t give my ld clthes, tys, bks and ther things that I dn’t use any mre t charity shps.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了英国的慈善事业，伦敦每年捐赠20亿英镑，大多数人每月捐款，捐赠的对象包括儿童、年轻人、新药研发、学校、动物和医院等。
【36题详解】
根据第一段中“Mst peple in the UK give mney nce a mnth.”可知，在英国，大多数人多久向慈善机构捐款一次每月一次。故答案为Once a mnth.
【37题详解】
根据句意，结合分析句子“The mney that they get…selling things always ges t a charity.”可知，此处应该填入介词frm，意为“来自”符合句意。get frm“得到”。故填frm。
【38题详解】
根据第二段中“Many peple believe that yu can find sme things cheaply in charity shps.”，结合分析句子“Many peple believe that yu can find sme…things in charity shps.”可知，此处应该填入cheap，形容词，作定语，修饰限定名词things，意为“便宜的”符合题意。故填cheap。
【39题详解】
根据分析句子“Anther way t give mney t charity is by running r cycling in a charity race.”可知，Anther way t give mney t charity可翻译为“向慈善机构捐款的另一种方式”；is可翻译为“是”；by running r cycling 可翻译为“跑步或骑自行车”；in a charity race可翻译为“在慈善比赛中”。故答案为另一种向慈善机构捐款的方式是在慈善比赛中跑步或骑自行车。
【40题详解】
主观表达题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为I want t give my ld clthes, tys, bks and ther things that I dn’t use any mre t charity shps.
六、词汇考查 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
41. I fell ________ as sn as I went t bed. (sleep)
【答案】asleep
【解析】
【详解】句意：我一上床就睡着了。fall asleep“入睡，睡着”。故填asleep。
42. The dctr had a __________ (quickly) dinner and then went t wrk.
【答案】quick
【解析】
【详解】句意：这个医生快速吃了晚饭，然后去上班了。此处修饰名词，用形容词quick“快的”，作定语。故填quick。
43. Sme birds __________ (sing) in the garden when I walked past it yesterday.
【答案】were singing
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨天我走过花园时，花园里有些鸟在唱歌。根据“when I walked past it yesterday”可知，此处指过去走过花园时，鸟正在唱歌，主句使用过去进行时，其结构为：were/was+ding，主语birds是复数形式，be动词用were；sing的现在分词是singing，故填were singing。
44. There are many ________ (difficulty) in slving this prblem.
【答案】difficulties
【解析】
【详解】句意：解决这个问题有许多困难。根据空前的“many”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填difficulties。
45. Jane’s mther ________ (make) a delicius cake yesterday mrning.
【答案】made
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨天早上简妈妈做了一个美味的蛋糕。make“制作”，根据“yesterday mrning”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填made。
46. Our team wn the __________ (ne) prize in the cmpetitin.
【答案】first
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们队在比赛中获得了一等奖。ne“一”。根据“Our team wn in the cmpetitin”可知，我们队应该是获得了一等奖，“一等奖”the first prize，故此处应用序数词first“第一”。故填first。
47. Taking a subway is much ________ (cheap) than taking a taxi.
【答案】cheaper
【解析】
【详解】句意：乘地铁比乘出租车便宜得多。根据空格后面的词语是“than”可知，此处要用形容词比较级形式。故填cheaper。
48. The baby girl learned hw t dress __________ (she) at the age f 3.
【答案】herself
【解析】
【详解】这个女婴在3岁时学会了自己穿衣服。dress neself自己穿衣，固定短语；she是人称代词主格，对应的反身代词为herself，故填herself。
49. We’re ging ________ (take) a trip t Sanya next week.
【答案】t take
【解析】
【详解】句意：下周我们打算去三亚旅游。根据“next week”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，结构为“be ging t+动词原形”。故填t take。
50. After watching the mvie, the by felt very ________ (exciting).
【答案】excited
【解析】
【详解】句意：看完电影后，男孩感到非常兴奋。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词，作表语，主语为指人，所以此处应用excited“感到兴奋的”。 故填excited。
七、书面表达
51. 生活中，我们总是面对着各种各样的压力，压力过大会妨碍我们的学习和生活。某中学生英文报正开辟专栏讨论中学生如何减压。假如你叫Li Hua，请向该栏目投稿，从以下几个方面说一说我们该如何减压。
要点提示：
1. 与他人交流；
2. 参加体育运动；
3. 培养业余爱好……
写作要求：
1. 文中必须包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥；
2. 词数80 词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。
There are many ways fr us middle schl students t relax urselves.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
There are many ways fr us middle schl students t relax urselves.
When we feel stressed, we’d better talk with ur friends, parents r teachers. Then, ding sprts is useful, such as riding bikes, running and s n. What’s mre, it’s great t have hbbies. Fr example, we can g t the mvies r listen t sft music in ur spare time. Traveling in hliday is anther way t make us relaxed.
The mre relaxed we are, the happier we will be. In this way, we will be healthy and active.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”为主；
③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图；
第二步，根据所给提示，介绍减压方式；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①feel stressed感到压力
②what’s mre而且
[高分句型]
When we feel stressed, we’d better talk with ur friends, parents r teachers.（时间状语从句）
hard clean kitchen a d beat sudden match realize wake