【查补能力漏洞·提升练】专题07 阅读理解-【查漏补缺】2024年中考英语复习冲刺过关

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（2023·山东淄博·中考真题）Have yu ever read Andersen’s fairy tale The Ugly Duckling (丑小鸭)? D yu knw that his mtherland is Denmark? It lies in nrthern Eurpe. Let me tell yu smething abut it.
Yu can find almst any fast fd in Denmark, such as hamburgers and ht dgs. Danish pen-faced sandwiches are nt nly delicius, but als pretty and fun. They are wrks f art. Tasting sme is an experience that shuldn’t be missed.
“Leg” tys were created in Denmark. The tys were made f wd befre. Building with Legs helps students learn abut engineering, physics and technlgy in a fun way. In 1968, the first Legland theme park pened in Billund, Denmark. Tday, there are Legland parks in Califrnia, Flrida, Malaysia, Dubai, Windsr, Japan and Germany.
Bicycling is ppular in Denmark. Nine ut f ten Danes have a bike. They ride their bikes n matter what the weather. They aren’t just riding bikes fr fun. They use bikes t get t wrk, t take their kids t places, and even t carry gds. Tday, mre and mre peple are chsing bikes ver cars. They have a saying in Denmark: “A bicycle is a Dane’s best friend.”
Denmark is called the land f fairy tales. Andersen’s anther ppular fairy tale is The Little Mermaid (美人鱼). The Little Mermaid statue (雕塑) has been regarded as Denmark’s mst famus landmark since 1913. The Danes believe that she brings them gd luck.
1．What des the underlined wrd “It” in Paragraph 1 refer t?
A．The Ugly Duckling.B．Denmark.C．Eurpe.D．Fast fd.
2．Accrding t Paragraph 4, we can call Denmark “________”.
A．the cuntry f bikesB．the land f fairy stries
C．the capital f artD．the hme f Legs
3．Which f the fllwing is true abut the Little Mermaid statue?
A．It’s called fairy land.B．It was built by Andersen.
C．It welcmes the ships there.D．It has been there fr abut 110 years.
4．What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A．Fairy tales.B．Andersen’s life.
C．Sme facts abut Denmark.D．The histry f Denmark.
一. 解题策略
1.先读问题，弄清考查要点。
先读问题可弄清考点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。
2.快速浏览全文，掌握全貌。
浏览全文时注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题
3.细读原文，捕捉相关信息词。
细读原文，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：
①抓住四个“W”和一个“H”，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），Hw（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。
②抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。
③注意领会文章的寓意。
④根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。
4.重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。
二、主要题型及解题技巧
1.主旨大意题（T find ut the main idea）
其目的是考查考生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。
解题技巧：
①抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨
找主题句， 应先通读全文，理解大意，充分理解主题句的意义。主题句一般具有以下特征：概括全段思想；一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中；
解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(cnclusin)、结局(end)等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、科学专业知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断，从而获取文章中内隐的信息。
②抓住段落大意，概括中心思想
③抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心
主旨题常见的命题形式：
(1) The main idea f the passage is…….
(2) This passage is mainly abut…….
(3) The authr’s purpse in writing this text is…….
(4) Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
(5) What’s the tpic f the text?
典例：
1.What’s the main idea f the third paragraph?
A.Many parents dn’t understand kids’ language in their blgs.
B.Many parents are wrried abut these yung blggers.
C.Many parents can’t understand why their kids dn’t like studying.
2.What is the passage abut?
A.Repairing ld cmputers.
B.Selling ld cmputers.
C.Recycling ld cmputers.
2.细节理解题( T lk fr details)
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。
细节理解题常考题型：1、是非题 2、例证题 3、年代与数字 4、比较 5、原因 6、事实排序题 7、直接信息题 8、间接信息题 9、综合信息题…
解题技巧： (1)细心审题，直接就题找答案。
(2)变通理解，间接转述找答案。
(3)多点归纳，综合事实找答案。
细节题常见的命题形式：
Which f the fllwing is True/Nt True?
In the passage, which f the fllwing is mentined?
All f the fllwing statements are true except…
Chse the right rder f the events given in the passage. Where, hw, wh, why, hw lng等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。
典例：
1. Which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A. My brthers, my sisters and I wuld smetimes fight abut which channel t watch when I was a child.
B. These days, there is nly ne channel with ld mvies, cking and fishing.
C. Peple have many channels t chse frm nw.
3、猜测词义题( T guess the meaning)
猜测词义题主要考查考生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义的能力。单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，初中英语学科教学基本要求规定，学生能根据上下文推测词义，并能不借助词典读懂含有3%左右生词的语言材料。
解题技巧：
①通过因果关系猜测词义；
首先找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词（如because, as, since, fr, s, thus, as a result, f curse, therefre等）表示前因后果。
Eg: Yu shuldn’t have blame him fr that, fr it wasn’t his fault.
通过fr 引出的句子所表示的原因（那不是他的错），可猜出blame的词义是责备。
②通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词；
通过同义词猜词，一要看由and或r连接的同义词词组，如：happy and gay, 即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思； 二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词。如：Man was knwing smething abut the planets Venus, Mars, and Jupiter with the help f spaceships. 此句中Venus，Mars，Jupiter均为生词，但是只要知道planets就可以猜出这几个词都是属于“行星”义域。
通过反义词猜词，一看表转折关系的连词或副词，如：but, while, hwever等；二看与nt搭配的表示否定意义的词。如：He is s hmely, nt at all as handsme as his brther. 根据nt at all … handsme 就不难推测，hmely 意为不英俊，不漂亮之意。
③通过构词法猜测词义；
阅读文章时，总会遇到新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推测，而他们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如果掌握了一些常用的合成、派生、转化等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。
④通过定义或释义说明来推测词义；
Eg: But smetimes, n rain falls fr a lng lng time. Then there is a dry perid, r drught. 从drught 所在句子的上下文我们可以得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drught. 由此可见drught 意为“久旱”、“旱灾”，而a dry perid 和drught是同义词。这种同义或释义关系常为：is, r, that is, in ther wrds, be called或破折号等来表示。
⑤通过描述猜测词义；
⑥用知识和生活经验猜测词义；
⑦根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。
常见命题形式如下：
(1)The wrd “…” in the passage prbably means_________.
(2)What des the wrd “…”mean_________.
(3)The underlined(划线的) wrd means_________.
(4)The clse meaning f the underlined wrd“…”is _________in English .
(5)The wrd “…”refers t _________.
典例：
1.In the 2nd paragraph, the clse meaning f the underlined wrd“teased”is _________ in English .
A. hit B. criticized C. laughed at
2.What’s the Chinese meaning f the underlined wrd “fined”?
A. 罚款 B. 给予 C. 奖励
注意事项：
在做词义猜测题时注意不要脱离语境。有些常用词在特定的上下文中，或专业性文章中，具有特殊的或专门的词义。在解这类题时，必须仔细地研读划线部分的上下文，有时阅读的视线还要扩大一些。如果离开特定的语言环境来理解生词意义，必然会理解错误。
4.推理判断题（ T infer a cnclusin)
推理判断题在阅读测试中属于难题。推理判断题就是根据某个事实推断结论。包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断
解题技巧：推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。解决此类题要注意，一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
①推理深层含义的常见命题形式如下：
(1)We can infer frm the passage that _______.
(2)The writer suggest that _______.
(3)Frm the passage, we can learn that _______.
(4)We may cnclude frm the passage that _______.
(5)Frm the passage, it can be inferred that _______.
典例：
We can learn the last paragraph that
A. It’s easy fr many teenagers t give up blgging n the Internet.
B. It’s safe fr many teenagers t put their persnal infrmatin n the Internet.
C. It’s ppular fr many teenagers t use blgs n the Internet.
②推理作者意图、观点、态度的常见命题方式如下：
The writer’s purpse in writing this stry is ……
In the writer’s pinin, a gd schl shuld ……
What shuld be the right attitude twards “…”?
The writer’s attitude tward “…” is ……
The writer mainly wants t tell us ……
例：
We spent a day in the cuntry picking wild flwers. With the car full f flwers we were ging hme. On ur way back, my wife nticed a cupbard utside a shp. It was tall and narrw. “Buy it.” My wife said at nce, “We’ll carry it hme n the rf rack.. I’ve always wanted ne like that.” What culd I d? Ten minutes later, I was $20 prer, and the cupbard was tied n the rf rack.
Frm the passage, we can see that in fact the husband ________ the cupbard.
thught it was wrth buying B.believed they needed t buy
C.was glad t have bught D.wuld rather nt buy
【详解】从划线部分我们可以看出，这位丈夫是由于妻子喜欢不得不买，由此推断答案应为D。

（2024·云南·一模）In China, the year 2024 is knwn as lng nian in the traditinal Chinese lunar calendar. Over a lng perid f time, it has been called the Year f the Dragn in English. But actually, there are a lt f differences between the Chinese lng and the Western dragn.
The Chinese lng is made up f parts f sme gentle animals, such as a rabbit’s eyes and an x’s ears. In Chinese mythlgy, lng is able t fly. In additin, it can als spray (喷洒) water frm its muth t create rain.
Hwever, in Western culture, a dragn breathes fire and has the bdy f a snake and big wings f a bat. What’s mre, yu will find mst f the Western dragns in dark clrs because they usually stand fr evil (邪恶). As a result, nrmally at the end f the stries, the evil dragn will be beaten by the superheres.
What makes such differences? In fact, they have smething t d with the cultural differences. In Chinese Cnfucian (儒家的) ideas, kindness and harmny (和谐) are very imprtant. It is ur duty t help each ther and live a peaceful life. Western culture, n the ther hand, prefers individual herism (个人英雄主义). Whenever smething terrible happens, there will be a superher wh is brave enugh t stand ut, fight against the enemy n his wn, and, f curse, save the whle wrld.
In recent years, Chinese have tried t translate lng in anther way. Fr example, Zhejiang’s Lng Air has already written lng as Lng. One f the reasns is that Lng sunds the same as the Chinese character lng. Besides, the letters “” in the wrd Lng lk like the tw big eyes f the animal, which makes it easier t memrize this wrd.
Anyway, n matter hw lng is translated, there is ne thing fr sure: the Chinese lng is different frm the Western dragn, and it is a symbl f gd luck.
Wish yu and yur family the best in the Year f Lng!
1．Which f the fllwing is the picture f a Western dragn?
A．B．C．D．
2．Accrding t the Chinese Cnfucian ideas, what might be the reasn fr lng t spray water?
A．T fight against the evil dragn.B．T help the farmers in the dry weather.
C．T shw its pwer and ability.D．T make itself the superher in this wrld.
3．Which f the fllwing is True accrding t the passage?
A．A dragn breathes fire and has the bdy f a bat.
B．2024 is the year f Lng in the traditinal Chinese lunar calendar.
C．The Western dragn is a symbl f gd luck.
D．Lng can’t fly because it has n wings.
4．________ make Lng the new translatin f the Chinese character lng accrding t the passage.
A．The histrical backgrund and cultural meaningB．The histrical backgrund and spelling
C．The prnunciatin and spellingD．The cultural meaning and prnunciatin
5．In which part f a magazine may we find this passage?
A．Healthy Life.B．Creative Art.C．Amazing Animals.D．Clrful Culture.

（2024·云南·一模）Zng Qinghu was the funder (创始人) f Hang zhu Wahaha Grup. He was brn in 1945 in wartime China. He grew up very pr in Hangzhu and ften went hungry. His father was ut f wrk, and his mther supprted the family f five children as a factry wrker.
“Because f the hardship, as a child I had many dreams and hped t make big mney fr my parents in return,” Zng said in a histry bk. As the eldest child, Zng left schl after junir high t supprt his family and spent ver ten years ding different jbs, including hard physical wrk at a far-away farm.
In 1978, Zng returned t Hangzhu and spent the next ten years wrking as a salesman. “My nly dream at that time was t have my wn cmpany and d what I wanted t d, and I had been lking fr such a chance,” he said in the histry bk. The chance finally came in 1987. Zng brrwed 140,000 yuan t start his wn cmpany, selling ice pps (冰棒) and statinery (文具) t students at a nearby primary schl.
The cmpany, which wuld later becme Wahaha, sld ice pps fr a cent each. During his dr-t-dr sales, Zng learned that many children were picky eaters s that they can’t get all the necessary nutritin (营养). That was a big headache fr parents.
Seeing a ptential chance, Zng wrked with a prfessr f nutritin t invent a vitamin drink fr children called Wahaha Oral Liquid. The prduct became a huge success sn. The cmpany achieved nearly 100 millin yuan in sales in the third year after it went n the market. That year, Zng funded the Hangzhu WaHaha Grup after buying a failing fd factry.
6．Hw many peple were there in Zng’s family?
A．Three.B．Five.C．Seven.D．Nine.
7．The underlined wrd “picky” in paragraph 4 means ________ in Chinese.
A．贪嘴的B．挑剔的C．厌食的D．健康的
8．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．Zng succeeded at last because f his gd luck.
B．Zng wrks in his wn cmpany in 1980.
C．Wahaha Oral Liquid wasn’t ppular at first.
D．Wahaha Oral Liquid can ffer necessary nutritin t children.
9．Which is the right rder abut Zng’s life?
①Zng wrks as a salesman in Hangzhu. ②Zng did different jbs t supprt his family.
③WaHaha grup was funded. ④Zng bught a falling fd factry.
⑤Zng brrwed mney t start his wn cmpany. ⑥Zng dreamed t make big mney.
A．⑥①④②③⑤B．⑥②①⑤④③C．⑥②①⑤③④D．⑥①⑤④②③
10．Which can be the best title fr the passage?
A．Hangzhu Wahaha GrupB．Hw t Sell Wahah a Oral Liquid
C．Hw t Make Big MneyD．Zng Qinghu and Wahaha Grup

（2024·北京·一模）In the past decade, the use f scial media has grwn in a way that n ne culd have guessed. It has turned sme teenagers int celebrities (名人) and turned the famus int the infamus, vernight.
A key feature (特征) f scial media, hwever, is its vlatility. Trends (趋向，动向) cme and g, disappearing almst as quickly as they appeared.
Shrt vide apps such as TikTk and its Chinese equivalent (对应词) Duyin, tk the wrld by strm. TikTk was nce ranked 8th n Apple’s App Stre, and Duyin had mre than 300 millin dmestic mnthly active users.
Why are these shrt vides, which are rarely (罕有) lnger than a few minutes, s ppular? Jiang Yige, Singapre-based analyst at FengHe Fund Management, has a thery. “Shrt vides are just right t fill in the little gaps in ur busy schedules,” he tld CNBC．
These vides, apart frm being very cnvenient, are imprtant t teenagers because they allw them t express themselves, accrding t Teen Vgue.
Liza Kshy, a user f the US app Musical, wh has ver 2 millin fllwers, said, “The sense f cmmunity that users f shrt vide apps get is anther appealing (有吸引力的) feature.”
Live streaming (直播) is a feature f ur scial media life that nw seems as, natural as sunrise. It’s a pretty neat idea: Yu can watch anyne, anywhere, live? Hwever, China has taken live streaming t a whle new level. In China, millins f viewers mnthly watch a live streaming vide. Frbes thught that a number f factrs had led t the ppularity f the live streaming. Amng them is viewers’ ability t interact with unknwn names.
Hwever, the quick develpment f scial media may be having side effects t. Fake news is ne serius prblem it causes. Materials shared n these platfrms are ften nt checked fr accuracy (准确，精确). The mst basic cntent (内容) can be false and can mislead users ne way r anther. We use scial media all the time, which desn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having n us. We shuld be mindful f bth the time we spend n it and its pwerful effect n ur minds.
11．What des the underlined wrd “vlatility” in Paragraph 2 pssibly mean?
A．Being changeable.B．Being valuable.
C．Being cmfrtable.D．Being internatinal.
12．Accrding t Liza Kshy, why are shrt vide apps very ppular?
A．They are very cnvenient.
B．They help peple kill time.
C．They prvide a sense f cmmunity.
D．They allw peple t express themselves.
13．What d we knw abut scial media?
A．Live streaming is the mst ppular way f ur scial media life.
B．Peple can’t cmmunicate with each ther withut scial media.
C．There is still much rm fr scial media t make imprvement.
D．Taking shrt vides is the best way fr teenagers t express themselves.
14．What des the writer want t tell us in the passage?
A．Shrt vide apps will take the wrld by strm in the future.
B．Scial media can help yu turn int celebrities very quickly.
C．Peple can share any interesting materials n the platfrms withut checking.
D．It’s wise t think ver bth the time and the effect when we use scial media.

（2024·四川南充·二模）The film YOLO (Yu Only Live Once) directed by Jia Ling, China’s mst successful female filmmaker has becme a hit recently. In the film, Jia plays Le Ying, a jbless wman in her thirties wh still lives with her parents until ne day, she meets a bxing cach (拳击教练), Ha Kun (played by Lei Jiayin), and later finds strength and hpe in bxing training and changes her life. The actress-directr lst 50 kils which became a ht tpic in scial media.
After watching the film, many peple start trying t lse weight. Sme peple plan t jin gyms, but nt all f them can stick t exercise. S hw d yu make sure yu find a gym yu like, and mre imprtantly, ne where yu feel cmfrtable?
T answer the questins, Jarrd Saracc, a fitness (健身) cach with 20 years f experience in the field, gives his advice. “Frm the mment yu walk in, it shuld be abut the energy and the experience. D they greet yu? D peple wrking ut lk like they’re having a gd time?”
Hwever, there are s many gyms in China, s chsing the right ne may take yu a little time. Here are sme tips abut hw t chse a gd gym.
Find a gym clse t yur hme. Yu can walk t the gym t d sme sprts. It’s better t drive less than 15 minutes. If yu find a gd place t park yur car, yur chice may be right.
Visit at yur best wrkut time. Saturday afternn may be the right hur t check ut a gym. Yu can g and have a lk at it. If it is very crwded, try anther gym.
Check fr clean machines. Keeping things clean r nt means the gym is gd r bad. A prfessinal staff member shuld als be wiping (擦拭) dwn machines in the day. While yu are visiting, watch t see whether there’s a strict rule f wiping dwn everything after use. If nt, try anther gym.
15．Which f the fllwing is right accrding t the passage?
A．In the mvie, Le Ying met Ha Kun in the gym where she wrked.
B．It became a ht tpic in scial media that Jia Ling lst 50 fans.
C．The film YOLO was directed by China’s mst successful male filmmaker.
D．It means mre t peple t feel cmfrtable in a gym.
16．If __________, the gym is a gd chice.
A．it takes less than 15 minutes t walk there
B．many peple wrk ut there and they seem t enjy themselves
C．the caches there are energetic, experienced and gd-lking
D．the machines there are always cleaned well
17．Hw many pieces f advice n the tpic des the writer ffer?
A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur.D．Nne.
18．Which is the structure f the passage?
A．①②/③/④⑤⑥⑦B．①/②③④/⑤⑥⑦
C．①/②③/④⑤⑥⑦D．①②③/④⑤⑥/⑦
19．What is the best title f the article?
A．YOLO—A Great Mvie!B．Let’s G T Gyms!
C．Check fr Clean Machines!D．Stick T Exercise!

（2024·北京房山·一模）Can yu see the glass as half full, rather than half empty? Are yu always lking n the bright side f life? If s, yu might be an ptimist.
An ptimist is smene wh is hpeful abut the future and tends t expect that gd things will happen. A number f studies have shwn that ptimists enjy higher levels f happiness, better sleep, lwer stress and even better cardivascular (心血管的) health and immune (免疫的) functin. And nw, a study cnnects being an ptimist with a lnger life.
Researchers fllwed the lifespan (寿命) f sme 160, 000 wmen aged 50 t 79 fr 26 years. They were divided int tw grups by cmpleting a self-reprt measure f ptimism. Wmen with the highest scres were cnsidered ptimists. Thse with the lwest scres were cnsidered pessimists. Then, the researchers fllwed up with the study. They fund that thse wh had the highest levels f ptimism were mre likely t live lnger. S why is it that ptimists live lnger?
One pssible reasn is that it culd be related with their healthier lifestyles. Fr example, research frm several studies has fund that ptimism is related with eating a healthy diet, staying physically active and being less likely t smke cigarettes. These healthy behavirs are well knwn t imprve heart health and reduce the risk fr cardivascular disease. Accepting a healthy lifestyle is als imprtant fr reducing the risk f ther ptentially deadly diseases, such as cancer.
Anther pssible reasn culd be the way ptimists manage stress. When faced with a stressful situatin, ptimists will reduce stress levels and bst the pwer t take steps. They use methds t slve the surce f the stress, r lk at the situatin in a less stressful way. Fr example, ptimists will plan ways t deal with the matter, call n thers fr supprt r try t find hpe in the stressful situatin.
In shrt, the ways ptimists deal with stress might help prtect them smewhat against its harmful effects. Be the persn wh lks at the glass half full. Appreciate the little things in yur life and face yur prblems with a smile and a take-charge attitude. Optimism is the best tl when it cmes t changing yur utlk n life.
20．Accrding t the passage, wh is prbably an ptimist?
A．Tm is upset n rainy r snwy days.
B．Lucy is unwilling t ask thers fr supprt.
C．Chris keeps vlunteering at the Nursing Hme.
D．Marry believes she can slve the prblem she meets.
21．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Peple wh see half-empty glass are mre hpeful.
B．Healthy lifestyle will help treat cardivascular disease.
C．Optimism is related with being likely t smke cigarettes.
D．Optimists may enjy lnger lifespan than the less ptimistic nes.
22．The wrd “bst” in Paragraph 5 is clsest in meaning t “________”.
A．shareB．increaseC．lseD．limit
23．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T call n peple t be ptimistic twards life.
B．T give suggestins n hw t deal with stress.
C．T shw the results f a study n healthy lifestyles.
D．T tell the effects f being ptimistic amng wmen.

（2024·山东·一模）
Cnfucianism (儒家思想), the way f life develped by Cnfucius, has been fllwed by Chinese peple fr mre than tw thusand years.
Five Cnstants (五常)——ren, yi, li, zhi, xin——is part f Cnfucianism and they help peple understand hw t behave twards thers. They are general virtues (美德) arund the wrld. The mst imprtant tw are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling f care and lve we shuld have fr thers. Cnfucius explained ren culd best be understd as lving thers. He is famus fr teaching peple “What yu d nt want dne t yurself, d nt d t thers”. It is quite similar t what is knwn in the West as the Glden Rule (treat thers as yu wish t be treated).
While the meaning f ren is easy t understand, li is a little harder t express. It can be thught f as duty r even respect. Generally, li is the way we shuld cnnect with peple in ur everyday life. In Cnfucian writings, discussins abut li include the prper way t drink tea and hw t remember ancestrs (祖先). While ren is mstly abut ur pinins and feelings, li is abut hw we express ur pinins and feelings twards thers and twards the wrld arund us.
Althugh Xia isn’t ne f Five Cnstants, it’s the basic Cnfucian virtue. Xia means lving, respecting, beying and taking care f ne’s parents in their ld age. In Cnfucianism, xia is imprtant fr a harmnius (和谐的) sciety: Withut it, the whle wrld wuld fall int a mess.
24．Which are the mst imprtant f the Five Cnstants?
A．Ren and yi.B．Ren and li.C．Li and xin.D．Yi and zhi.
25．What is the best Chinese fr the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A．博学于文，约之以礼。B．学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C．己所不欲，勿施于人。D．君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
26．Which f the fllwing is an example f li?
A．Building a peaceful sciety.B．Taking care f ne’s children.
C．Learning all thrugh ne’s life.D．Obeying rules fr drinking tea.
27．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Five cnstants mainly teach us hw t lve urselves.
B．The Glden Rule in the west has a lt in cmmn with Ren.
C．Ren is abut the way we shw ur feelings and pinins.
D．The meaning f xia is respecting ur harmnius sciety.
28．What des the passage mainly tell us abut Cnfucianism?
A．Its general virtues.B．Its lng histry.
C．Its new challenges.D．Its glden rules.

（2024·福建福州·二模）Are yu a prcrastinatr (拖延者)? Are yu putting ff ging t the gym? Have yu seldm cleaned yur rms in time? Are yu waiting just ne mre day t study fr that test? Prcrastinatin is putting ff t later what yu knw yu shuld be ding nw. But all thse tasks yu push t tmrrw can make their way int yur mind. And that culd harm yur health.
In ne study, scientists cnnected prcrastinatin t many prblems. These included depressin (沮丧), nervusness and even arm pain. “I was surprised when I saw that ne,” says Fred Jhanssn. The psychlgist (心理学家) and his team reprted the results in a newspaper.
The study is ne f the largest s far t deal with prcrastinatin’s ties t health. Fr years, scientists didn’t seem t view prcrastinatin as smething serius. This new study culd change that.
The study fllwed abut 2,500 students ver nine mnths. They fund that prcrastinatrs perfrm wrse ver time than thse wh did things withut delay (延迟). Fr instance, they were mre wrried, depressed and sleep-deprived (睡眠不足的).
Frm this type f study, the team can’t say fr sure that putting things ff causes pr health. But results frm ther research teams seem t pint in the same directin. One 2021 study tied prcrastinating at bedtime t depressin. And a 2015 study cnnected prcrastinating t pr heart health. Accrding t Fuschia Siris, a scientist at Durham University in England, the harmful effects f prcrastinatin culd build up ver time. Prcrastinatin alne may nt cause disease, hwever it culd be “ne factr that can tip the scales (扭转局势).”
29．Hw did the writer lead t the tpic?
A．By cmparing facts.B．By telling stries.
C．By asking questins.D．By giving examples.
30．The underlined wrd “These” in Paragraph 2 refers t ________.
A．prcrastinatrsB．tasksC．scientistsD．prblems
31．Hw many students tk part in the study f Fred Jhanssn?
A．2500.B．2015.C．2000.D．1500.
32．What is the same cnclusin f studies in 2021 and 2015?
A．Delaying makes pr heart health.
B．Prcrastinatin is a kind f disease.
C．Delaying at bedtime makes depressin.
D．Prcrastinatin leads t many prblems.
33．What is the writer’s purpse in writing this text?
A．T make the readers knw abut the prcrastinatrs.
B．T advise the readers t keep away frm prcrastinatin.
C．T tell abut the different result f studies.
D．T shw the reasns fr prcrastinatin.

（2024·湖北武汉·二模）Life’s greatest lessn fr Granny Hu can be fund in a cup f the green tea she has grwn and spent mst f her life: the bitter cmes befre the sweet, and she has knwn bth. She was gd at grwing things frm at least age 14. She lved the sil and wrked in her gardens until she was 113. “My grandma is quick-witted and hard-wrking. She was better at planting crps than thers, s in the years when there were shrtages f fd she was able t supprt the family,” his grandsn said. Granny Hu is the ldest persn in her village and she experienced all the hardships during the life. “I have lst my husband, my children and my brthers, but I culdn’t lse myself in sadness. Luckily, I can always find lve in my family and that is hw I was encuraged t carry n.”
Anther centenarian (百岁老人) , Granny Yang, gave birth t eight children. “In the darkest days, we didn’t have enugh fd t supprt the big family, s I went int the muntains t lk fr fd t feed my children instead f giving them away, as many peple did,” she said, “n ne in my family was allwed t shut r scream at each ther. My children grew up in peace.” What’s mre, she helped her children get a better educatin. “Educatin is the best sil t supprt children’s grwth and will imprve themselves fr a lifetime.”
The pr life inspires a strng wish fr change. That’s the mst imprtant lessn that Grandpa Dng said he has learned in life. Like mst lder peple in China, he expected t spend his life farming. Hwever, because f the wars, he was driven ut f his farm. He spent nearly 10 years t make his way hme. The cnditin in his hme was mre terrible than that befre he left. T imprve the pr life, he left his farm again t lk a new way t make a living. He did business and he finally made a cmfrtable living. This 108-year-ld man gives his advice t thers: “Dn’t be afraid f change.”
All these centenarians have ne thing in cmmn—The quickest way t happiness and lng life is t d nthing negative. Have a jyful heart and be kind t thers. If yu want t live up t be 100 years ld, try their ways!
34．Which is nt true abut Granny Hu?
A．She thinks life is like a cup f green tea
B．She culdn’t supprt her family after she lst her husband.
C．She wrks n farming fr nearly 100 years.
D．She was able t g thrugh all the hardships because f the lve frm her family.
35．What des Granny Yang think highly f?
A．Enugh fd t supprt the big family.B．Having a big family.
C．A better educatin fr her children.D．Grwing up in peace.
36．Which wrd has the same meaning as “quick-witted” in paragraph ne?
A．Careful.B．Helpful.C．Lucky.D．Smart.
37．Frm the third paragraph, we can infer that Grandpa Dng ________.
A．will spend his life farmingB．had been a sldier during the war
C．is prbably a businessmanD．is afraid f change
38．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Hw t live t be 100 years ld.B．The experience during ne’s life.
C．Life’s greatest lessns f centenarians.D．The lifestyle f sme centenarians.

（2024·湖北武汉·二模）
39．In which SECTION f the newspaper can we read the news?
A．CUSTOM.B．TECHNOLOGY.C．NATURE.D．LITERATURE.
40．Accrding t the news abve, which f the fllwing cmpanies r media (媒体) are using AI technlgy?
A．China Daily, Baidu cmpany and Xiahngshu.
B．China Daily, Xiahngshu and Baijiaha
C．China Daily, Baijiaha and iFLYTEK.
D．China Daily, Baidu cmpany and iFLYTEK.
41．The best heading fr the secnd piece f news wuld be ________.
A．Cpyright Prtectin fr AI-Generated Images
B．A Cpyright Case between Xiahngshu and Baijiaha
C．Baijiaha User Must Pay fr AI Image
D．Xiahngshu Image Owner Sucs (起诉) Baidu User
42．Which f the fllwing can best describe Picture 1?
A．The lady can prcess data fast.
B．The lady is a vlgger wh ffers a guide t traveling nline.
C．The lady is a digital reprter frm China Daily.
D．The lady became famus in an nline virtual fashin shw.
43．What is the main theme f the three articles abve?
A．Hw digital humans are used in sme areas.
B．We shuld prtect the f AI-generated wrk.
C．The cmpanies with AI technlgy are helpful t peple.
D．The influence f AI in different fields.

（2024·江西鹰潭·一模）① Animal behavir is an interesting and attractive study. Scientists research the ways animals use t lk fr fd. They study hw animals prtect themselves frm their predatrs, and which animals kill ther animals fr fd. All f this helps us understand hw useful animals can be.
② Each cuntry r culture raises sme animals fr fd. In the United States, peple mainly eat meat frm cws, chickens and pigs. In sme ther cuntries, peple might raise sheep r buffal fr meat. These differences cme in part frm weather and ther envirnmental cnditins (状况). Peple arund the wrld eat all kinds f fish and shellfish frm ceans and rivers. In sme cuntries, peple dn’t always chse sme animal grups, such as dgs, fr fd while in ther cuntries such animals may becme peple’s favrite fd.
③ In West Africa, animals prvide humans with mre than fd. They have been helping peple d daily wrk fr thusands f years. Hrses, xen, and ther wrk animals pull heavy things. Elephants, camels and ther animals carry peple and things frm place t place. Carrier pigens (信鸽) have been used t send messages.
④ Peple als receive health benefits (利益) frm animals. Fr example, dgs and cats can help calm peple dwn. This is helpful fr peple fighting illnesses. Animals can als reduce stress, helping peple t draw their attentin t learning new infrmatin, such as reading. When peple are walking their dgs r hrses, it encurages exercise.
⑤ Animals and humans share space n Earth, s keeping a healthy relatinship with animals arund us is in ur best interest.
44．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．Where animals live and hw they lk fr fd.
B．The relatinship between animals and humans.
C．The different things animals can d in different cuntries.
D．What humans shuld d when cmmunicating with animals.
45．What des the underlined wrd “predatrs” in Paragraph I prbably mean?
A．Neighburs.B．Friends.C．Children.D．Enemies.
46．Which activities that animals can d fr peple are mentined in Paragraph 3?
a. Pull heavy things. b. Carry peple. c. Send messages. d. Lk fr fd.
A．abcB．abdC．bedD．acd
47．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Peple arund the wrld eat all kinds f fish.
B．Hrses are helpful fr peple fighting illnesses.
C．Elephants encurage humans t d mre exercise.
D．Americans mainly eat meat frm buffal and sheep.
48．Which f the fllwing is the structure f the passage?
A．B．C．D．
The Rise f Digital HumansAs we all knw, AI humans nw can be like real peple. They can d real peple’s vices and mves and even cpy their persnalities (性格). Digital humans tday appear in many ways. They can be idls (偶像), vlggers (视频博主), reprters, and mre. Fr example, China Daily has its wn digital reprter, Yuanxi. She can speak English and cvers the wnderful wrld f Chinese culture. She can prcess (处理) data fast. This can help the newsrm wrk faster. In February 2022, Chinese tech cmpany Baidu shwed its first digital idl Xi Jiajia. She can change her makeup and hw she dresses, and even d livestreams! During China Fashin Week in September 2022, Xi Jiajia became famus in an nline virtual fashin shw (虚拟时装秀) .
_________________
The first case (版权案件) abut AI-created images in China had its first result frm the Beijing Internet Curt (北京互联网法院).
A man surnamed Li is a Chinese scial media Xiahngshu accunt (账户) wner. He used an AI image generatr in February t make a picture. And then, he psted the picture n Xiahngshu. Hwever, a lady surnamed Liu used the picture in March and cut ff the Xiahngshu watermark (水印) in her pst in Baijiaha, a blg-style platfrm under Baidu. The curt fund that this was an act f infringement (侵权) and said the lady must make a public aplgy and pay 500 yuan t Li.
The curt decided that the AI-generated picture had “riginality (独创性)” and that such pictures shuld be knwn as wrks and prtected by cpyright law (法律). The curt said that Li made the setting f the AI mdel based n his needs. The image was prduced based n his ideas and shwed his wn expressin. S, Li is the creatr f the image and wns its cpyright.
Explring AI at iFLYTEK
In Nvember, ur schl went t iFLYTEK fr a study tur t get a deeper understanding f artificial intelligence (AI). The teacher first intrduced sme cmmn knwledge and real-wrld uses f AI. Fr example, AlphaG beat the G wrld champin while ChatGPT passed the Chinese Medical Practitiner License Examinatin (中医师执业资格考试) with high scres. After visiting, we came t believe that AI may be able t d things that humans can nt. Then we experienced iFLYTEK’s Starfire mdel. T test its functinality (功能), we suggested a Chinese writing tpic abut happiness that we had been thinking abut fr a lng time. At first, Starfire gave us a cmmn respnse s we weren’t happy with it. One student said, “This article has n standut (出色的) features. I think it shuld include sme character descriptins .” After many suggestins and revisins (修改), the AI’s final essay wn ur applause (掌声) .