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（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）根据短文内容，完成表格，每空不超过三个词。
When the first persn lked up t the sky, peple’s imaginatin f space began. In China, there are many stries abut the explratin(探索) f space.
Thusands f years ag, there was a lady named Chang’e that flew t the Mn and lived there with a rabbit. It’s just a stry in myths(神话).
In the Ming Dynasty, a man named Wan Hu used a machine which was made f a chair, sme firewrks and a kite as a rcket t fly t space but failed. He was cnsidered as the first human that tried t explre space.
Our explratin f space never stpped until it became a reality in mdern times. Withut dubt, Chinese space technlgy has made great prgress.
In 2003, when Shenzhu V set ff successfully, Yang Liwei’s wrds “I am prud f ur mtherland” brught tears t ur eyes. Carrying the flying dream f the Chinese natin fr thusands f years, as the first space visitr f China, he started the Space Age fr the Chinese.
In 2008, Zhai Zhigang in Shenzhu VII had the first Chinese spacewalk, “I am ut f the capsule(太空舱), and I feel gd,” he tld the wrld prudly.
In the next years, China kept making its way in rder t step further n explring space. Especially in the recent years, China has sent up Shenzhu XI and Shenzhu XV. Six astrnauts have been sent t space with tw wmen included. On May 30, 2023, Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haicha in Shenzhu XVI were sent int space successfully.
Frm 2003 t 2023, Chinese peple g farther and farther in space, In the near future, China will send astrnauts t the Mn and explre the Mn.
【答案】
1．explratin f space 2．the Space Age 3．s that 4．May 30, 2023 5．will be sent
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国探索外太空的进程。
1．根据“In China, there are many stries abut the explratin(探索) f space.”可知，讲述中国关于太空探索的故事。故填explratin f space。
2．根据“Carrying the flying dream f the Chinese natin fr thusands f years, as the first space visitr f China, he started the Space Age fr the Chinese.”可知，他承载着中华民族几千年的飞行梦想，作为中国第一位太空访客，开启了中国人的太空时代。故填the Space Age。
3．根据“In the next years, China kept making its way in rder t step further n explring space.”可知，在接下来的几年里，中国为了进一步探索太空而不断前进。in rder t d可替换为s that+从句，故填s that。
4．根据“On May 30, 2023, Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haicha in Shenzhu XVI were sent int space successfully.”可知，2023年5月30日，神舟十六号成功发射升空。故填May 30, 2023。
5．根据“In the near future, China will send astrnauts t the Mn and explre the Mn.”可知，在不久的将来，中国将把宇航员送上月球并探索月球。主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在未来，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be sent。
一、解题策略
1.查表。
阅读表格，分析表格的项目内容和结构特征，从而把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏和表格前的小标题，这样有助于理解文章大意。
2.析文。
快速浏览全文，把握文章大意; 再仔细阅读文章内容，找准细节定位。 阅读文章时，要利用多种阅读技巧，对文章进行全面理解。
3.填表。
进行填表。多数题目的答案可以在文章中直接找出;少数题目需要在分析原文的基础上，结合题目对文章进行理解归纳答案;还需注重书写习惯，多注意大小写的运用。
二、设题方式
表格挖空处是根据原文中的关键词句来设置的，因而答案往往是与原文中出现的词语或意思相近的词语，通常情况下有四种设题方式:
1.标题归纳题
一般位于表格的上栏或左栏，考生可根据表格下栏或右栏的内容及文段中主题句和文章大意进行分析，加以概括总结。
解题方法：
文章标题的归纳，一要关注文章的核心及高频词汇，二要根据主题句提炼主题。
(1)阅读文章时，要注意文中反复出现或强调的信息，因而要在文中寻找覆盖全文的核心词汇或句子，或寻
找与文章大部分内容相关的信息。
(2)寻找文章的主题句是解答标题归纳题的核心，主题句一般位于文章首末段或分散于各个段落中，需要考
生加以总结提炼，得出答案。
2.细节理解题
利用表格中所给的信息定位至原文，仔细辨别，寻找答案。
解题方法：
此类题目需要采用关键信息定位法，根据题干中的关键信息定位到文章中的具体语句。
3.推理判断题
对比表格内容与原文内容的差异，根据语境和逻辑推理得出答案。
解题方法：
此类题目要求考生对文中某一细节或写作意图给出合理判断或推理，运用逻辑推理能力得出蕴含在文中没有明确说出的事实或暗示的含义。
4.同义转换题
对比表格内容与原文内容的差异，根据语法结构进行词形的转换。即:名词→动词、名词→形容词、主动→被动、肯定→否定……
解题方法：
根据题干中的关键信息定位到文章中的具体语句，分析原文句子并结合题千句子结构，确定空格处在句中所承担的句子成分，根据语法结构和语义进行适当转换。
三、注意事项
1.阅读文章时,要学会理清文章的写作思路和篇章结构,这通常是很重要的设题线索
(1)特别注意表格前的小标题,它通常是文章的主题。读懂了表格标题有助于理解短文及表格的大意。
(2)分析表格的项目内容,根据所提供的表格内容提示理清表格的设计原理。
(3)学会查读。要带着问题有意识地在文章中寻找与答案相关的关键词语,或概括、归纳出关键词语。
2.做题时要充分利用解题的微技能。
(1)词形转换能力
任务型阅读中好多答案都需要通过词形转换来完成。如:原文中用 be surprised t d sth.,根据表格题目设计,转换为 It is surprising that...。
(2)英英释义能力
任务型阅读中有些题日需要通过英英释义来解决。如:原文中用了 keep yur attentin,根据表格题目
设计,要用 listen。
(3)逆向思维能力
所谓逆向思维,即从另一个角度来思考问题。如:原文中用了 mst peple will stay away frm an angry face.表格中的题目设计成:Peple dn’t like the ne with an angry face.

（2024·四川成都·二模）阅读下面短文，完成题后的表格。
When yu feel disappinted, yu shuld knw it is natural and nrmal, and everyne will experience it in their life. Smetimes life brings us a difficult hand, and events and trials (考验) we can’t cntrl happen t us. Other times it is ur wn actins themselves that cause ur trials. Even s, disappintment is part f life’s jurney. Whether we have a better life depends n hw we deal with it. Here are sme steps t help us t make ur jurney mre enjyable.
Firstly, redefine (重新定义) ur rules. It is cnsidered that everyne has his wn “rule” in their mind. If ur wn rules are t perfect, then they will disappint us greatly. When we feel disappinted, it is wise t review and redefine ur rules. Try an encuraging rule: I am happy and I am successful since I have made my greatest effrts.
Secndly, remind urselves nw and then f the reasns why we are wrking twards the gal. It is f great help t remember the reasns when we feel dwn. By revisiting thse reasns, we will likely renew ur prmises and nt get hung up n the disappintment f the mment.
Thirdly, think abut ur larger visin (视野) and recmmit (重新提交) t it. It really helps.
Disappintment is a very valuable experience, which serves as a gd educatr and makes us mre able t meet the challenges f the future.
Finally, reset and have a new start. It helps prevent us frm getting int self-pity and frce us t get up and mve frward. Dn’t live in the past. Take what the past has taught us and keep mving. Wake up the very next day as if ur whle life is ahead f us and we have the chance t restart.
Nthing that happened in the past can stp us frm creating the life that we have always desired r frm achieving the gals that we are wrking twards.
【答案】
1．ur cntrl 2．Slutins 3．In rder nt t 4．Experiencing disappintment 5．the quality
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们在生活中难免遇到失望的情况以及处理失望的方法，有效地处理失望还可以提高生活。
1．根据“Smetimes life brings us a difficult hand, and events and trials (考验) we can’t cntrl happen t us.”可知，生活中的事件和考验有时是我们无法控制的。ut f ne’s cntrl“失去控制”，故填ur cntrl。
2．根据“Redefine ur rules”；“Remind ur whys”；“Recmmit t ur visin”以及“Reset and start a new life”可知，这里都是解决方案。slutins“解决方法”符合题意，填复数名词。故填Slutins。
3．根据“If ur wn rules are t perfect, then they will disappint us greatly. When we feel disappinted, it is wise t review and redefine ur rules.Try an encuraging rule: I am happy and I am successful since I have made my greatest effrts.”可知，为了不让自己失望，尝试一些鼓励自己的方法。in rder nt t d“为了不……”，解释目的。故填In rder nt t。
4．根据“Disappintment is a very valuable experience, which serves as a gd educatr and makes us mre able t meet the challenges f the future.”可知，经历失望让我们更有能力迎接未来的挑战，设空处作主语，用动名词，disappintment“失望”为不可数名词。故填Experiencing disappintment。
5．根据“Even s, disappintment is part f life’s jurney. Whether we have a better life depends n hw we deal with it. Here are sme steps t help us t make ur jurney mre enjyable.”可知，妥善处理失望可以提高我们的生活质量，使我们的生活旅程愉快。quality“质量”，此处特指生活质量，故填the quality。

（2024·江苏南京·一模）The twenty-first century is already turning ut t be the century f mdern technlgies. The technlgical revlutin (革命) that started after Wrld War II is nw develping mre quickly. Cmputing and ther technlgical develpment is beginning t reach int influence and take ver nearly every part f ur lives. The tw main influences mdern cmputing has had n ur lives are in the areas f ecnmics (经济学) and cmmunicatins.
Technlgy has led t big changes in ecnmic and business systems and peratins (经营). Businesses nw have t be using clud services r machine learning r risk failure. As a result, every big cmpany bases its peratins n cmputing. Fr example, Cca Cla, Huawei and Tencent sell different prducts and services, yet they all share ne basic feature—withut mdern cmputing services, their peratins wuld break dwn. New technlgies play an imprtant rle in ecnmies. China and many ther develping cuntries have large IT industries, which drive their ecnmies. What’s mre, develped cuntries, including Germany and the United States, are mving frm an industrial-based ecnmy t a cmputing and IT-based ne.
The ther imprtant influence f technlgical change is in the way f cmmunicatin. Fr example, in the past, peple wrte letters r talked n fixed phnes, which slwed dwn the cmmunicatin prcess. Nw they send e-mails and text messages, r chat using mbile phnes. Instead f waiting weeks fr a letter r spending time finding a fixed phne, we can cmmunicate right away. New frms f cmmunicatin are cheaper r free. As a result, nw peple wh live thusands f kilmetres away frm each ther can cmmunicate as much as they want at any time.
In cnclusin, cmputing and new technlgies have had a great influence n ur lives in many ways. And they have had the greatest influence in business and cmmunicatin. In the future, if technlgy cntinues develping at such speed,ur business practices and methds f cmmunicatin will have even greater changes. It is already starting t bring changes t ther parts f ur lives, such as transprtatin and health.
【答案】
6．since 7．cntributin 8．Examples 9．depend 10．help 11．turned/changed 12．easier 13．less 14．whenever/anytime 15．quickly
【解析】本文主要介绍了技术对我们的生活产生的影响。
6．根据“The technlgical revlutin (革命) that started after Wrld War II is nw develping mre quickly.”可知第二次世界大战后开始的技术革命现在发展得更快，即自从第二次世界大战，since“自从”。故填since。
7．根据“The tw main influences mdern cmputing has had n ur lives are in the areas f ecnmics (经济学) and cmmunicatins.”可知现代计算对我们生活的两个主要影响是在经济和通信领域，make a great cntributin t“为……做出巨大贡献”。故填cntributin。
8．根据“Technlgy has led t big changes in ecnmic and business systems and peratins”可知此处举了一些技术对我们的生活产生的影响的例子，example“例子”，此处用名词复数，首字母大写。故填Examples。
9．根据“every big cmpany bases its peratins n cmputing”可知每一家大公司的运营都以计算为基础，即依靠计算机，depend n“依靠”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填depend。
10．根据“New technlgies play an imprtant rle in ecnmies. China and many ther develping cuntries have large IT industries which drive their ecnmies”可知新技术在经济中发挥着重要作用，中国和许多其他发展中国家都有推动其经济发展的大型IT产业，即帮助这些国家发展经济，help“帮助”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填help。
11．根据“develped cuntries, including Germany and the United States, are mving frm an industrial-based ecnmy t a cmputing and IT-based ne.”可知包括德国和美国在内的发达国家正在从以工业为基础的经济转向以计算机和IT为基础的，即新技术把德国和美国变为基于计算和IT的经济，“把……变成”，此处用过去分词和助动词构成现在完成时。故填turned/changed。
12．根据“Nw they send e-mails and text messages,r chat using mbile phnes. Instead f waiting weeks fr a letter r spending time finding a fixed phne, we can cmmunicate right away”可知现在他们发送电子邮件和短信，或者用手机聊天，我们可以立即沟通，而不是等待数周的信件或花时间寻找固定的电话，所以沟通更容易更快，easier“更容易”。故填easier。
13．根据“New frms f cmmunicatin are cheaper r free”可知新的交流方式更便宜或免费，即花费更少，less“更少”。故填less。
14．根据“nw peple wh live thusands f kilmetres away frm each ther can cmmunicate as much as they want at any time.”可知现在居住在相距数千公里的地方的人们可以在任何时候随心所欲地交流，whenever/anytime“无论何时”。故填whenever/anytime。
15．根据“In the future, if technlgy cntinues develping at such speed, ur business practices and methds f cmmunicatin will have even greater changes”可知如果技术继续以这样的速度发展，我们的商业实践和沟通方式将发生更大的变化，即技术发展得越快，我们的变化就越大，修饰动词用副词quickly。故填quickly。

（2024·江苏无锡·一模）先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。
I scream, yu scream, we all scream fr ice cream!
On a ht sunny day, wh wuld say n t a sweet, ice-cld ice cream? It wuld be an exciting treat t find ut wh invented ice cream.
The first kind f ice cream was made in China almst three thusand years ag. It was a mixture f snw, milk and rice. Frm China, the recipe (食谱) was spread t Eurpe. The Emperr Ner f Rme enjyed a frzen dessert (甜点) that was a mixture f snw, hney and fruits.
In Asia, the Mughal Emperrs required their hrsemen t bring snw frm the muntains t Delhi (Delhi can get very ht!). The ice was mixed with flavurs (香料) and was then used in fruit srbets (冰糕).
When the Italian Catherine de Medici married Henry II f France, she brught flavured srbet recipes t France. Her Italian ck created different flavur fruit ice fr each day f the wedding celebratins.
Ice cream arrived in England frm France. King Charles II, built an ice huse in the centre f Lndn and was the first British king wh is knwn t have eaten ice cream. Until the 1800’s ice cream remained a delicius dessert enjyed nly by the rich.
Ice cream came t America frm Eurpe. In 1832, White Huse ck Augustus Jacksn fund ut hw t put ice cream in cans t send t ice-cream stres. He was named the ‘Father f Ice Cream’.
Technlgical develpment made ice cream prductin pssible. In 1843, the ice cream machine was spread t England and America. This was made frm a wden bx filled with ice and salt.
Tday there are s many different flavurs f ice cream. Yu can name any flavur and there will be an ice cream f it. The mst ppular flavurs are chclate and strawberry.
【答案】
16．Histry/Develpment 17．keep/make 18．Mre/Different 19．Pr 20．required
【解析】本文主要介绍了冰淇淋的历史。
16．通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了冰淇淋的历史/发展过程，此处应用名词，histry(历史)/develpment(发展)符合。故填Histry/Develpment。
17．根据“Mixing salt with ice reduces the freezing pint.”可知，把盐和冰混合可以降低冰点，保持冰淇淋冷冻或使得冰淇淋冷冻，keep(保持)/make(使)符合，不定式符号t后用动词原形。故填keep/make。
18．根据“When the Italian Catherine de Medici married Henry II f France, she brught flavured srbet recipes t France. Her Italian ck created different flavur fruit ice fr each day f the wedding celebratins.”可知，在欧洲，Catherine de Medici的厨师每天会做不同口味的冰淇淋，即添加更多或不同的原料，mre(更多的)/different(不同的)符合。故填Mre/Different。
19．根据“Until the 1800’s ice cream remained a delicius dessert enjyed nly by the rich.”可知，直到19世纪，冰淇淋一直是只有富人才能享用的美味甜点。所以贫穷的人吃不上冰淇淋，故填Pr。
20．根据“In Asia, the Mughal Emperrs required their hrsemen t bring snw frm the muntains t Delhi”可知，莫卧儿皇帝要求他们的骑手把雪从山上带到德里，动词过去分词required符合。故填required。

（2024·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后面表格空格里填入一个最恰当 的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
The drum has existed in Chinese civilizatin fr thusands f years and has a deep spiritual meaning which is mre than a kind f musical instrument. Cnfucius regarded the “Drum Dance” highly. It is als the rigin f the Chinese phrase “guwu” which means “emblden” (大胆) in English.
The drum was mentined in Chinese histry in the Pttery Age. The Zhu dynasty set up the drum music institutin that was respnsible (负责的) fr the management f fficers knwn as “drum men” and develped a cmplete drum music system. Frm then n, drums came t be used in ancient Chinese practices such as sacrifice (祭祀), military (军事), labr (劳动) and ther activities.
In ancient China, agriculture was the main frm f prductin and drums were cnsidered indispensable (不可或缺的) fr a gd harvest. Since the sund f drums eches that f thunder, it was believed that playing drums culd attract rain. S the instrument was used t pray fr gd weather and t “cmmunicate” with them.
Drums als played a part in the war. Because f a strng resnance effect (共振作用), the drum’s sund culd g very far while increasing fear in the heart f the enemies. S the drum was used as a military bster fr a lng time.
In the Tang and Sng dynasties, the sciety was develping fast and drums were widely used. The natinal band, drama, flk art, sng and dance, bat racing, lin dance, festival gathering and labr cmpetitin were all tgether with the beats f drums. The sund f drums became synnymus (同义的) with celebratins, filling hearts with jy.
Different types f Chinese drums exist tday. Fr example, “Taiping Drum” is used t express hpe fr peace and prsperity while “Ansai Waist Drum” is meant t shw the spirit f the Less Plateau (黄土高原) and the heric character f farmers in Nrthwest China. Kaifeng has “Pan Drum”, and Luchuan f Shaanxi Prvince is knwn fr its “Bie Drum”.There are als sme cheerful and time-hnred drum dances such as “Fengyang Flwer Drum” in Anhui Prvince and “Fishing Basket Flwer Drum” in Jiangsu Prvince.
In a wrd, drum culture reflects (反映) the stability (安定) and prsperity (繁荣) f Chinese sciety. Fr thusands f years, Chinese peple have always been expecting peace and satisfactin.
【答案】
21．beynd 22．ancient/ld 23．histry 24．managing 25．use 26．believed/thught/cnsidered 27．s 28．develpment 29．mean/matter/cntribute 30．peacefully
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国的鼓文化的意义及历史发展。
21．根据“The drum has existed in Chinese civilizatin fr thusands f years and has a deep spiritual meaning which is mre than a kind f musical instrument.”可知，鼓在中华文明中存在了几千年，有着深刻的精神内涵，它远远超出了一种乐器的范畴，mre than等同于beynd“超过”。故填beynd。
22．根据“Tday”及表格后内容，可知，此处讲的是古代鼓的发展，修饰“times”填形容词，所以ancient/ld“古老的”符合，故填ancient/ld。
23．根据“The drum was mentined in Chinese histry in the Pttery Age.”可知，鼓在中国的历史可以追溯到陶器时代。故填histry。
24．根据“The Zhu dynasty set up the drum music institutin that was respnsible (负责的) fr the management f fficers knwn as ‘drum men’ and develped a cmplete drum music system.”可知，为管理官员设立了专门的鼓乐机构称为 “鼓人”，介词fr后跟动名词managing “管理”。故填managing。
25．根据“Frm then n, drums came t be used in ancient Chinese practices such as sacrifice (祭祀), military (军事), labr (劳动) and ther activities.”可知，后来，鼓被用于中国古代的实践中，put int use“使用于”。故填use。
26．根据“Since the sund f drums eches that f thunder, it was believed that playing drums culd attract rain.”可知，因为鼓声与雷声相呼应，所以人们相信打鼓可以吸引雨水，believe “相信”/ think “认为”/cnsider “认为” 符合；时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填believed/thught/cnsidered。
27．根据“Drums als played a part in the war. Because f a strng resnance effect (共振作用), the drum’s sund culd g very far while increasing fear in the heart f the enemies. S the drum was used as a military bster fr a lng time.”可知，此处为因果关系，前因后果，故填s。
28．根据第5段“In the Tang and Sng dynasties, the sciety was develping fast and drums were widely used.”可知，随着社会的快速发展，鼓被广泛使用，由“With the the sciety”可知，空处应填develp的名词develpment“发展”。故填develpment。
29．根据第6段“Different types f Chinese drums exist ‘Fishing Basket Flwer Drum’ in Jiangsu Prvince.”可知，今天在中国各地看到不同类型的鼓，对当地文化有很大的贡献/意义/影响，cntribute a lt“贡献很大”/mean a lt“意义很大”/matter a lt“影响很大”均符合其语境。故填mean/matter/cntribute。
30．根据第7段“Fr thusands f years, Chinese peple have always been expecting peace and satisfactin.”可知，人们都希望在这样的社会中安居乐业，peacefully“和平地”，副词修饰动词。故填peacefully。

（2024·四川成都·二模）完成图表。根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。
E-waste means ld electrnics like cmputers, phnes, and TVs that peple thrw away. When new electrnics cme ut, many ld nes are thrwn away. These ld electrnics have harmful materials inside. They can hurt the envirnment if they get int the grund r water.
Electrnics need special metals that are hard t find. Getting these metals frm the earth can cause a lt f pllutin. As we make mre electrnics, these metals becme even harder t find. Hwever, we can recycle these metals frm ld electrnics instead f digging fr new nes.
A grup called WEEE is trying t shw hw serius the e-waste prblem is. WEEE says thrwn-away e-waste like rare (稀有的) metals is wrth $57 billin each year. Als, UN researchers studied “invisible” e-waste, which peple dn’t ntice much. They fund that 1/6 f all e-waste is “invisible” and wrth abut $9.5 billin a year. Even thugh it’s called “invisible,” it’s a lt, weighing abut 19.8 billin punds.
Surprisingly, tys lead the “invisible” e-waste grup, accrding t the study. In all, tys make up abut 35% f the “invisible” e-waste. Every year, abut 7.3 billin electrnic tys are thrwn away wrldwide. But the prblem is far larger than just tys. Hme alarms, smke alarms and pwer tls als lead t “invisible” e-waste.
WEEE is hping that as mre peple and gvernments pay attentin t e-waste, they will make a much greater effrt t make gd use f ld electrnics befre they are thrwn away. After all, there are many valuable parts in them.
【答案】
31．Disadvantages 32．even harder t find 33．use 34．price；weight 35．Cause
【解析】本文主要介绍电子垃圾的相关内容。
31．该栏介绍的是旧电子产品被扔掉的坏处，故填Disadvantages。
32．根据“As we make mre electrnics, these metals becme even harder t find.”可知，随着我们制造更多的电子产品，这些金属变得更加难以找到。故填even harder t find。
33．根据“WEEE is hping that as mre peple and gvernments pay attentin t e-waste, they will make a much greater effrt t make gd use f ld electrnics befre they are thrwn away.”可知，WEEE希望随着越来越多的人和政府关注电子垃圾，他们将做出更大的努力，在旧电子产品被丢弃之前充分利用它们。故填use。
34．根据“They fund that 1/6 f all e-waste is ‘invisible’ and wrth abut $9.5 billin a year. Even thugh it’s called ‘invisible,’ it’s a lt, weighing abut 19.8 billin punds.”可知，数字显示了人们没有意识到的电子垃圾的价格和重量。故填price；weight。
35．根据“Surprisingly, tys lead the ‘invisible’ e-waste grup, accrding t the study.”可知，玩具在“隐形”电子垃圾中名列前茅，即玩具是原因之一，故填Cause。

（2024·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后的表格。(每空一词)
Beginning f Spring
Beginning f Spring, Lichun in Chinese, is the first f the 24 Slar Terms (节气) in the traditinal Chinese calendar. After that everything turns green. Peple clearly ntice that daytime becmes lnger and the weather gets warmer. The fllwing are sme things peple d t celebrate the cming f spring.
Flying kites
Spring is the best seasn fr kite-flying. This traditinal flk activity began ver 2,000 years ag. It can help build ne’s health and prevent diseases. A breath f fresh air utside can refresh their mind when they are flying kites.
Wearing fabric swallws
Wearing fabric swallws is a custm in sme parts in Shaanxi. Every Beginning f Spring, peple like t wear a swallw made f clrful silk n their chests. The swallw is a symbl f spring and happiness.
Biting the spring
In many parts f China, peple fllw the custm f “biting the spring” n the day f Beginning f Spring. They eat spring pancakes, spring rlls (春卷), r a few carrts.
Making a Spring Ox
This custm in Shaanxi is practiced right befre Beginning f Spring. The lcal gvernment hires sme skilled wrkers and gathers them t build the frame (框架) f an x ut f bamb strips and the legs with wd. Peple wuld d s t welcme spring and hpe fr a gd harvest that year.
Peple in China began hlding a special activity n the day f Beginning f Spring abut 3,000 years ag. By the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911), greeting spring had becme an imprtant flk activity. Since then, Beginning f Spring as an imprtant slar term has been passed n.
【答案】
36．called/named 37．higher 38．celebratin/celebratins/activities 39．histry 40．healthy 41．stand 42．eating/enjying 43．use 44．expect 45．imprtant
【解析】本文介绍中国传统的24节气中的第一个节气——立春，以及人们为了庆祝春天的到来而进行的一些活动。
36．根据文中的内容“Lichun in Chinese”可知，Beginning f Spring在汉语中被叫做Lichun，call“叫做”，name“命名”，此处使用动词过去分词，与is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填named/called。
37．根据文中的内容“the weather gets warmer”可知，温度就会升高，high“高的”，此处使用比较级形式。故填higher。
38．观察空格前后可知，空格所填词为名词；文中的“Flying kites”、“Wearing fabric swallws”、“Biting the spring”以及“Making a Spring Ox”这些都是庆祝春天到了的一些（庆祝）活动。故填celebratin/celebratins/activities。
39．根据文中的句子“Spring is the best seasn fr kite-flying. This traditinal flk activity began ver 2,000 years ag. ”可知，放风筝有两千多年的历史。故填histry。
40．根据文中的句子“It can help build ne’s health”可知，它可以有助于保持健康。故填healthy。
41．根据文中的句子“The swallw is a symbl f spring and happiness.”可知，燕子是春天和幸福的象征，stand fr“代表”，时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，动词使用原形。故填stand。
42．根据文中的句子“In many parts f China, peple fllw the custm f “biting the spring” n the day f Beginning f Spring. They eat spring pancakes, spring rlls (春卷), r a few carrts.”可知，人们通过吃/想用一些特制的食物来庆祝立春，eat“吃”，enjy“享受”，所填词位于介词by之后，用动名词形式，故填eating/enjying。
43．根据文中的句子“The lcal gvernment hires sme skilled wrkers and gathers them t build the frame (框架) f an x ut f bamb strips and the legs with wd.”可知，熟练的工人用竹条和木头制作牛， d...“用……做……”，时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，动词使用原形。故填use。
44．根据文中的句子“Peple wuld d s t welcme spring and hpe fr a gd harvest that year.”可知，人们这样做以期待有个好收成，expect“期待”，and连接并列成分，动词不定式符号t后用动词原形。故填expect。
45．根据文中的句子“By the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911), greeting spring had becme an imprtant flk activity. ”可知，对中国人来说，在立春这一天迎接春天是很重要的。故填imprtant。

（2024·四川成都·二模）阅读短文，根据其内容，完成表格中所缺信息，将答案按编号依次填入表格内的题号后。
Under the influence f the Silk Rad, China is ften an exprter (输出国). Hwever, thrughut the histry f these rutes, many things were intrduced t China thrugh them. Here are three f them.
The Central Asian area intrduced many prducts t China. Fr example, during the Han and Jin dynasties, nmadic peple frm the Nrth intrduced crps (作物) like carrts t China thrugh the Nrthern Silk Rad. One f the fds made frm thse crps is Hubing, a type f bread ppular in the western areas f China. It was intrduced t Chang’an by peple frm Central Asia during the Tang Dynasty.
Besides, many f these peple frm western areas pened cake shps in Chang’an. One f the mst ppular prducts these shps sld was Bilu, a type f cake that lked like a pillw. Peple culd see the clr f the filling inside frm the utside because the surface f this dessert was quite thin.
Anther fd is a large number f spices (香料), such as pepper. They were intrduced t China thrugh areas such as the Indian Subcntinent. Pepper was first used fr medical purpses, but later, during the Tang Dynasty it was used fr cking. After the Tang Dynasty, China began t grw pepper in its suthern areas. Hwever, the prductin was nt enugh t meet the needs and pepper cntinued t be imprted (进口) frm abrad.
During the Sng Dynasty, thanks t the develpment f sea transprtatin, pepper was imprted in large numbers and it was n lnger as valuable as befre. But fr mst peple, pepper remained an expensive spice that was nly saved fr special events, such as when cking fr guests. During the Ming Dynasty, the Sea Silk Rad greatly increased the imprt f pepper t China.
The fd intrduced t China thrugh the Silk Rad nt nly enriched the diet f the Chinese peple, but als encuraged cultural exchanges.
46
【答案】
46．Three Examples/Examples/Three Kinds 47．the Tang Dynasty 48．pillw-shaped 49．medicine 50．uncmmn/rare
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种通过丝绸之路传入中国的食物。
46．根据“Hwever, thrughut the histry f these rutes, many things were intrduced t China thrugh them. Here are three f them.”和表格中图片可知，图片中显示胡饼，毕罗和胡椒三种食物，文中表示然而，纵观这些路线的历史，许多东西都是通过它们传入中国的，这里是它们种的三个，表格内为三种食物的介绍，即此处为标题，“三个例子”，“例子”或“三个种类”均符合语境，名词需用复数形式，examples“例子”，kinds“种类”，首字母t，e，k需大写。故填Three Examples/Examples/Three Kinds。
47．根据“The Central Asian area intrduced many prducts t f the fds made frm thse crps is Hubing, a type f bread ppular in the western areas f China. It was intrduced t Chang’an by peple frm Central Asia during the Tang Dynasty.”和表格中图片可知，此处与图片中的胡饼相对，文中表示中亚地区向中国引进了许多产品，其中一种由这些作物制成的食物是胡饼，一种在中国西部地区流行的面包，唐朝时，中亚人把它引进长安，即唐时它被传入长安。故填the Tang Dynasty。
48．根据“One f the mst ppular prducts these shps sld was Bilu, a type f cake that lked like a pillw. Peple culd see the clr f the filling inside frm the utside because the surface f this dessert was quite thin.”和表格中图片可知，此处与图片中的毕罗相对，文中表示这些商店出售的最受欢迎的产品之一是毕罗，一种看起来像枕头的蛋糕，人们可以从外面看到里面馅料的颜色，因为这种甜点的表面很薄，即这是一种枕头形状的蛋糕，空处需填形容词，修饰cake，pillw-shaped“枕头状的”。故填pillw-shaped。
49．根据“Pepper was first used fr medical purpses, but later, during the Tang Dynasty it was used fr cking. After the Tang Dynasty, China began t grw pepper in its suthern areas.”和表格中图片可知，此处与图片中的胡椒相对，文中表示胡椒最初用于医疗目的，唐朝以后，中国开始在南方地区种植胡椒，即胡椒最初被用作药物，空处需填名词，medicine“药”。故填medicine。
50．根据“After the Tang Dynasty, China began t grw pepper in its suthern the Sng Dynasty, fr mst peple, pepper remained an expensive spice that was nly saved fr special events, such as when cking fr guests.”和表格中图片可知，此处与图片中的胡椒相对，唐朝以后，中国开始在南方地区种植胡椒，宋代，对大多数人来说，胡椒仍然是一种昂贵的仅为特殊事情被保存的香料，比如当为客人做饭时，即在宋代，胡椒对大多数人来说仍然是一种不常见的东西，空处需填形容词，修饰thing，uncmmn“罕见的”和rare“稀有的”均符合语境。故填uncmmn/rare。

（2024·山西吕梁·一模）根据语篇内容, 在方框内的缩写文章中, 填入与短文意思最符合的每答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。
Built in China’s Sui Dynasty, Zhazhu Bridge (als knwn as Anji Bridge) is the ldest existing bridge in China. It is ver the Xia River, 2, Hebei Prvince. Li Chun, an architect(建筑师) presided ver (主持) its building.
In the Sui Dynasty, Zhazhu cnnected nrth and suth as a majr transprtatin center. With the fld breaking the suth-nrth traffic, the building f a bridge was necessary. Because f the fld in summer and autumn, the bridge had t be designed t withstand (承受) flding.
The single arched (拱形的) stne bridge is 64.4 meters in length and 37.02 meters in width. The Zhazhu Bridge has tw pairs f small arches at each side f the central arch. The larger pairs f arches are 3.81 meters in span and the smaller are 2.85 meters. Zhazhu is the wrld’s earliest pen-spandrel arched bridge. The ldest pen-spandrel arched bridge in Eurpe is 700 years later than it.
Since the bridge was built in the Sui Dynasty, it has been repaired several times because f wars, earthquakes and ther matural and man-made events. The first time t repair the bridge happened abut 200 years after the bridge was cmpleted. But the mst cmplete ne happened in the mid-1950s,during which mdern technlgy was used. Stne parts dug frm the riverbed r replaced were relcated indrs fr prtectin. They jined the cllectins f the lcal museums and the Natinal Museum f China.
【答案】
51．ldest 52．necessary 53．later 54．repair 55．cmpletely
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著名的桥梁——赵州桥。
51．细节理解题。根据首段首句“Built in China’s Sui Dynasty，Zhazhu Bridge (als knwn as Anji Bridge) is the ldest existing bridge in China.”可知赵州大桥是中国现存最古老的桥梁，由李春负责修建，此处应填形容词最高级形式ldest。故填ldest。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段中“With the fld breaking the suth-nrth traffic，the building f a bridge was necessary.”可知洪水破坏了南北交通，因此有必要修建这座桥，此处应填形容词necessary作表语。故填necessary。
53．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The ldest pen-spandrel arched bridge in Eurpe is 700 years later than it.”可知欧洲最古老的空腹拱桥比赵州桥晚了700年，结合空后比较级标志 than，此处应填副词比较级later。故填later。
54．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The first time t repair the bridge happened abut 200 years after the bridge was cmpleted.”可知第一次修复这座桥是在这座桥建成大约200年后，结合空前不定式的标志t，此处应填动词原形repair。故填repair。
55．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But the mst cmplete ne happened in the mid-1950s, during which mdern technlgy was used. Stne parts dug frm the riverbed r replaced were relcated indrs fr prtectin.”可知20世纪50年代中期，这座桥用现代技术进行了最彻底的修复，此处应填副词形式cmpletely修饰动词repaired。故填cmpletely。

（2024·四川宜宾·一模）阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成表格中所缺的信息。
Have yu nticed that many peple arund yu seem t be listening t audi bks these years? It’s actually a change in the whle natin. Accrding t a reprt n Chinese peple’s reading habits, 32.7% f Chinese adults had the habit f listening t audi bks when they were free in 2021, and the percentage is still rising. As a result, mre and mre publishing huses publish new bks in print tgether with their audi and digital versins t meet the needs f different readers.
S, what makes audi bks s ppular? Well, here are sme advantages f listening t audi bks.
First f all, in a busy life, nt everyne is patient enugh t sit dwn and read the bk unhurriedly, but with audi bks, peple can listen t them when they are driving, cking, wrking, and s n.
Secnd, althugh bks can make a rm lk better, it might nt be the case with smene wh lives in a small space. Audi bks are easy t get frm a cmputer r smartphne, and they needed n space in the rm.
Third, when making audi bks, peple use mdern technlgy, which desn’t require any link r paper. By ding s, plenty f trees are saved and n pllutin will be caused.
Furth, fr sme peple, reading can be a tiring chre. This isn’t t say that bks are bring, but nt everyne can enjy themselves in bks fr many hurs. Only bks can include music, vice acting and emtinal inter relatins that make peple feel mre excited.
But even with these advantages, peple shuldn’t give up ne printed bks. The smell f print and the physical feel f paper can prvide peple with a cmpletely different experience.
【答案】
56．trend 57．third 58．Advantages 59．easy 60．pllutin
【解析】本文主要介绍了听有声读物的好处。
56．根据“Accrding t a reprt n Chinese peple’s reading habits, 32.7% f Chinese adults had the habit f listening t audi bks when they were free in 2021, and the percentage is still rising.”可知，整个国家的阅读习惯趋势是听有声读物。trend“趋势”符合语境。故填trend。
57． 根据“2.7% f Chinese adults had the habit f listening t audi bks when they were free in 2021”可知，2021年，32.7%的中国成年人有空时听有声读物，即三分之一的成年人，ne third“三分之一”。故填third。
58．根据“S, what makes audi bks s ppular? Well, here are sme advantages f listening t audi bks.”可知，这里介绍的是听有声读物的好处。故填Advantages。
59．根据“Audi bks are easy t get frm a cmputer r smartphne, and they needed n space in the rm.”可知，有声书很容易从电脑或智能手机上获取，而且不占空间。故填easy。
60．根据“Third, when making audi bks, peple use mdern technlgy, which desn’t require any link r paper. By ding s, plenty f trees are saved and n pllutin will be caused.”可知，制作有声读物不会造成污染，应用不可数名词pllutin。故填pllutin。

（2024·江苏无锡·一模）先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。
Yu might have a friend r a classmate wh remembers every single detail. Hw can they make it? A gd memry is ften seen as smething that cmes naturally and a bad memry as smething that cannt be changed, but actually there are plenty f things that yu can d t imprve yur memry.
We all remember the things we are interested in and frget the nes that bre us. It’s nt hard t explain why schlbys remember ftball results withut difficulty, but make a great effrt t remember dates frm histry lessns! One way t “make” yurself mre interested is t ask questins — the mre, the better! Mrever, researchers have fund that infrmatin rganized in grups can be easy t remember. Yu can use this by rganizing the materials yu are studying. Try gruping similar knwledge tgether, r make a mind map f textbk reading t help grup the infrmatin. Then when yu learn mre abut that subject, yu understand that better. Be sure things are clear in yur mind. If nt, ask questins until yu understand! What’s mre, when yu’re learning new materials, take the time t think abut the relatinship between the present infrmatin and what yu’ve already knwn. Then it helps yu remember infrmatin. Physical exercise is als imprtant fr yur memry, because it increases yur heart rate and sends mre xygen t yur brain, and that makes yur memry wrk better. Exercise als reduces stress, which is very bad fr the memry.
S the next time yu’re learning new infrmatin, yu can use the methds abve. I’m sure that yu will imprve yur memry and get mre ut f it.
Hw t Imprve Yur Memry
【答案】
61．brn 62．interest 63．easily 64．Cnsider 65．less
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了增强记忆力的几种方法。
61．根据“A gd memry is ften seen as smething that cmes naturally and a bad memry as smething that cannt be changed...”可知，有些人的好记忆力是与生俱来的。故填brn。
62．根据“One way t ‘make’ yurself mre interested is t ask questins — the mre, the better!”可知，一种方法是让自己感兴趣，shw是动词，后面接名词作宾语，interest兴趣。故填interest。
63．根据“Mrever, researchers have fund that infrmatin rganized in grups can be easy t remember.”可知，成组记忆更容易，此处用副词修饰动词，easily容易地。故填easily。
64．根据“What’s mre, when yu’re learning new materials, take the time t think abut the relatinship between the present infrmatin and what yu’ve already knwn. ”可知，要学会思考新材料与之前知识的关系，cnsider思考。故填Cnsider。
65．根据“Exercise als reduces stress, which is very bad fr the memry.”可知，压力越小，记忆力越好。故填less。
Stries abut China’s 1
Thusands f years ag
Chang’e flew t the Mn in myths.
In the Ming Dynasty
Wan Hu made a machine and tried t explre space.
In 2003
Yang Liwei started 2 fr the Chinese.
In 2008
Zhai Zhigang had the first Chinese spacewalk.
In the next years
We Chinese peple kept making ur way 3 we culd step further n explring space.
On 4
China sent Shenzhu XVI int space successfully.
In the future
Chinese astrnauts 5 t the Mn.
Learning t deal with disappintment
Intrductin
It’s t natural and nrmal t feel disappinted and learning t deal with it is part f a fulfilling life.
Causes f disappintment
Events and trials in life are smetimes ut f 1 . Smetimes ur trials are caused by ur wn actins.
2 t dealing with disappintment
Redefine ur rules
3 disappint urselves, try sme encuraging nes
Remind ur whys
Being reminded ften f ur whys helps us renew ur prmises and get ver the disappintment.
Recmmit t ur visin
4 makes us t be mre able t meet the challenges f the future.
Reset and start a new life
Instead f living in the past, we take what we have learned frm the past and mve frward.
Cnclusin
Dealing with disappintment prperly can imprve 5 f ur life and make ur life jurney enjyable.
What influence has technlgy had n ur lives?
Intrductin
> Great changes have taken place in technlgies 6 Wrld War II.
>Cmputing has made a great 7 t ecnmics and cmmunicatins.
8 f main
influences
>Operatins f big cmpanies 9 n cmputing.
>Large IT industries 10 cuntries like China t develp their ecnmies.
>New technlgies have 11 Germany and USA int a cmputing and IT-based ecnmy.
> Technlgical change makes cmmunicatin 12 and faster than befre.
>We spend 13 n cmmunicatin as well.
>Peple can cmmunicate with each ther 14 they want.
Cnclusin
The mre 15 technlgy is develping,the greater changes we will have.
Interesting FactThe first ‘refrigeratrs’ were created by mixing salt with ice. Mixing salt with ice reduces the freezing pint. Yu can achieve temperatures lwer than -14℃.
The 16 f Ice Cream
Interesting Fact
➢ In China
A mixture f snw, milk and rice
Salt lwers the temperature t 17 ice cream frzen
➢ In Eurpe
18 materials were used t make ice cream.
French enjyed ice cream when peple gt married.
19 peple culdn’t enjy ice cream until the 1800’s.
➢ In India
Hrsemen were 20 t cllect snw frm the muntains.
➢ In America
Peple can buy ice cream in stres.
The ice cream machine was intrduced int America.
Drum culture in China
Intrductin
●The drum appeared thusands f years ag in China. It ges far 21 a musical instrument and has a deep effect n histry and culture.
In 22 times
● The 23 f the drum in China can be traced back t the Pttery Age.
●A special drum music institutin was set up fr 24 fficers called “drum men”. Meanwhile, a cmplete drum music system was develped.
●Later, drums were put int 25 in ancient Chinese practices.
●Peple played drums fr a gd harvest in agriculture since peple 26 it culd bring rain.
●The sund f the drum culd travel a lng way, 27 it wuld give enemies a strnger sense f fear in the war.
●With the fast 28 f the sciety, drums were widely used and the sund f drums filled peple’s hearts with jy.
Tday
·Drums f different types are seen acrss China and they 29 a lt t their lcal culture.
Cnclusin
●Drum culture reflects the stability and prsperity f Chinese sciety.
●Peple hpe t live 30 with satisfactin in the sciety like this.
Definitin (定义):
The ld electrnics that are thrwn away.
31 :
·Harmful materials in it will pllute the grund r water.
·Special metals in it will be 32 .
↖ ↗
E-waste
← Special example: “invisible” e-waste (the e-waste that’s ften nt nticed)
↙ ↘
WEEE’s effrts: ·It wrks t remind peple f the seriusness f the e-waste prblem.
·It hpes mre effrt can be put int the 33 f electrnics.
Seriusness: ·It makes up abut 1/6 f the e-waste.
·The figure ($9.5 billin a year/19.8 billin punds) shws the 34 and ______ f the e-waste that peple fail t realize.
35 : tys
·They make up abut 35% f the “invisible” e-waste.
·Abut 7.3 billin electrnic tys are thrwn away wrldwide every year.
Other causes:
hme alarms, smke alarms and pwer tls…
Beginning f Spring
Intrductin
Beginning f Spring is the first f the 24 Slar Terms in the traditinal Chinese calendar, and it is 36 Lichun in Chinese.
Daytime gets lnger and the temperature gets 37 .
The 38 f Beginning f Spring
Flying
kites
As a traditinal flk activity, it has a 39 f mre than 2,000 years.
It can help peple keep 40 and prevent diseases.
Wearing
fabric
swallws
The swallws 41 fr spring and happiness, s many peple wear fabric swallws n the day f Beginning f Spring.
Biting the spring
Peple celebrate Beginning f Spring by 42 sme specially-made fd.
Making a Spring Ox
The skilled wrkers 43 bamb strips and wd t make an x.
Peple d s t welcme spring and 44 a gd harvest.
Cnclusin
It is 45 fr Chinese peple t greet spring n the day f Beginning f Spring.
➢ Central Asians encuraged its develpment.
➢ It was intrduced t Chang’an during 47 .
➢ It was a 48 cake.
➢ Its surface is s thin that peple can see the filling inside easily.
➢ It was first used as 49 .
➢ It began t be planted in the suthern areas after the Tang Dynasty.
➢ During the Sng Dynasty, pepper was still an 50 thing at a high price fr mst peple.
Zhazhu Bridge, which Li Chun was respnsible fr its cnstructin, is the 51 existing bridge in Chia.It was 52 t build the bridge because the fld brke the suth-nrth traffic.
Zhazhu Bridge is the wrld’s earliest pen-spandrel arched bridge. The ldest pen﹣spandrel arched bridge in Eurpe is 700 years 53 than Zhazhu Bridge. Since the Sui Dynasty, the bridge has been repaired several times because f wars, earthquakes and ther natural and man-made events. The first time t 54 the bridge was abut 200 years after the bridge was cmpleted. In the mid-1950s, the bridge was repaired mst 55 with mdern technlgy.
A Natinal 56 : Listening t Audibks
Facts
*Nearly ne 57 f Chinese adults had the habit f listening t audibks in 2021.
*The percentage is rising.
*Mre bks are ffered in different frms t satisfy different readers.
58
*First, Audibks can help peple make gd use if their time.
*Secnd, audibks are 59 t get frm a cmputer r smartphnes and take up n space.
*Third, making audibks causes n 60
*Furth, audibks make peple mre excited than printed bks.
Writer’s pinin
Printed bk shuldn’t be ttally replaced by audi bks.
Facts
Sme peple were 61 with a gd memry, and a bad memry can’t be changed, but we can d a lt f things t imprve ur memry.
Methds
Shw 62 in things yu need t remember and ask mre questins.
Organize infrmatin in grups t remember knwledge 63 .
64 the relatinship between new materials and yur knwledge.
Exercise t make yur memry wrk better with 65 stress.