专题13 阅读理解（说明文专攻20篇）-【临考必刷】2024年高考英语二轮强化练必刷100题

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一、在复习语言点的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照“点—线—面”顺序，构建知识网络环境。
二、多做高考题，少扣模拟题
1、时间的把控。
2、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
3、留意出题点，揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里，做到知己知彼。
三、多攻词汇表，少记课外词
四、写作。研究高考写作命题话题范围，根据测试的频度和交际场景的生活化程度进行分类。
专题13 说明文专攻
高考零失误必刷100题
1.（2023·湖南·高三湖南师大附中校考阶段练习）
Pabl Picass truly was a man f mystery. A hidden detail has been discvered in ne f his paintings hanging at the Guggenheim Museum in New Yrk.
After clse examinatin, experts fund that a pet dg was at first included in Picass’s painting Le Mulin de la Galette, but was later painted ut. The artwrk was cmpleted after his arrival in Paris in 1900, and shws a nisy scene caught in a Parisian dining place f the same name, filed with cuples drinking wine and enjying a chat.
The discvery was made by experts at the Guggenheim, New Yrk’s Metrplitan Museum f Art and the Natinal Gallery f Art in Washingtn, DC． The finding was made ahead f the pening f their exhibitin “Yung Picass in Paris”. which features 10 drawings and paintings frm Picass’s early wrks in the French capital. where he eventually settled dwn.
T discver the hidden dg, experts used a nn-destructive (非破坏性的) way t draw ut the elemental parts f materials in the painting. “It was interesting t me that he painted ver this dg, which wuld have been a rather attractive part f the painting,” the Guggenheim’s senir expert Julie Barten says, adding that it was an “interesting” chice.
Experts believe the dg was pssibly remved by Picass because it was t “distracting” fr viewers. “It wuld have stlen the shw.” Barten cntinues. “Viewers can lk mre carefully at all f these ther wnderful figures in the painting-t experience the space in different ways.
“The painting acts as the mst attractive part in the shw at the Guggenheim. which jins several ther internatinal exhibitins being held t celebrate the 50-year anniversary (周年纪念) f the artist’s death in 1973.” Barten adds. “‘Yung Picass in Paris’ will run frm May 12 t August 6.”
1．What is mainly shwn in Picass’s painting Le Mulin de la Galette?
A．A dining scene f a cuple.B．A nisy scene f sme dgs.
C．A scene f sme cuples painting indrs.D．A scene f a dining place in Paris.
2．What did the experts d t discver the hidden dg?
A．They used a cmpletely new way.B．They did sme harm t the painting.
C．They bserved the painting carefully.D．They studied the materials’ elements in the painting.
3．Why did Picass remve the dg accrding t Julie Barten?
A．He painted the dg badly.B．The dg affected the whle wrk.
C．He gt advice frm viewers.D．There were already dgs in the painting.
4．What des Barten mst prbably want t d in the last paragraph?
A．Advertise the shw “Yung Picass in Paris”B．Shw the imprtance f the new discvery.
C．Encurage peple t lk at great artwrks.D．Draw attentin t sme internatinal exhibitins.
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了一些专家通过一项技术在毕加索的一幅名画里面发现了一条被这位画家涂掉的狗。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The artwrk was cmpleted after his arrival in Paris in 1900, and shws a nisy scene caught in a Parisian dining place f the same name, filed with cuples drinking wine and enjying a chat.(这幅画是他在1900年抵达巴黎后完成的，画中描绘了巴黎一家同名餐厅的喧闹景象，挤满了喝着酒聊天的情侣)”可知，这幅画作画的是巴黎一个用餐的地方的场景。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“T discver the hidden dg, experts used a nn-destructive (非破坏性的) way t draw ut the elemental parts f materials in the painting.(为了发现隐藏的狗，专家们使用了一种非破坏性的方法来提取画中材料的基本部分)”可知，专家们研究了毕加索当时所用原料的元素。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Experts believe the dg was pssibly remved by Picass because it was t “distracting” fr viewers. “It wuld have stlen the shw.” Barten cntinues.(专家认为，这只狗可能是毕加索移走的，因为它太“分散”了观众的注意力。“它会抢尽风头的。”Barten继续说道)”可知，Julie Barten认为毕加索之所以涂掉这只狗是因为它在画作上会影响整幅画的效果。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段““The painting acts as the mst attractive part in the shw at the Guggenheim. which jins several ther internatinal exhibitins being held t celebrate the 50-year anniversary (周年纪念) f the artist’s death in 1973.” Barten adds. “‘Yung Picass in Paris’ will run frm May 12 t August 6.”(“这幅画是古根海姆展览中最吸引人的部分。这次展览是为了纪念这位艺术家1973年逝世50周年而举办的其他几场国际展览的一部分。Barten补充道。“‘年轻的毕加索在巴黎’将从5月12日持续到8月6日。”)”可知，Barten是在为这个展览做宣传。故选A。
2.（2023·浙江杭州·浙江省杭州第二中学校考模拟预测）
Tday’s Brussels spruts (孢子甘蓝) taste better than yu might remember frm childhd, and that is because a new variety has replaced the riginal vegetable. Yu can thank plant breeders fr the change. Mdern breeders, armed with new gene-editing technlgy, are lking t reprduce Brussels spruts’ reinventin.
In the late 1990s, scientists discvered specific chemicals which made Brussels spruts taste bitter. Plant breeders started grwing ld seeds, previusly abandned due t pr yields (产量), t lk fr tastier versins with lwer levels f these specific chemicals. Then they crssed these delicius but lw-yield plants with high-yield individuals until they fund a versin that made plenty f tasty spruts, transfrming the vegetable frm a bitter pill int a ppular dish.
But ther vegetables haven’t fared as well. That’s because mst breeding decisins favr plant traits (特性) that matter t vegetable grwers, nt vegetable eaters. Fr instance, disease resistance is prbably the majr fcus these days f mst breeding prgrams because that prevents the farmer frm grwing the crp. The taste f vegetables is ignred.
Peple, hwever, are nw becming interested in priritizing the taste f vegetables thanks in part t new genetic technlgy. “There’s never been a better time t be a fruit breeder r a vegetable breeder because we have mre tls and techniques,” says Susan Brwn, an apple breeder at Crnell University.
Sme cmpanies are beginning t use thse tls t deal with the challenge f develping tastier vegetables. One cmpany, Pairwise, is fighting the same cmpunds that trubled Brussels spruts. But this time researchers are imprving the flavr f salad greens.
All vegetable grwers hpe that mre flavrful prducts n stre shelves will cnvince peple t cnsume the recmmended allwances (定量) f fruits and vegetables — and d s better than decades f nutritinal guidance have. “Dn’t waste yur time talking abut trying t educate peple t eat better,” said Harry Klee, a prfessr wh specializes in tmat breeding. “Just give them prducts that taste better and that they want t eat.”
5．Why did plant breeders grw ld Brussels sprut seeds?
A．T study why Brussels spruts are bitter.
B．T research the specific chemicals.
C．T select high-yielding prducts.
D．T find the less bitter versins.
6．What des the underlined wrd “fared” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Survived.B．Emerged.C．Mushrmed.D．Succeeded.
7．What can we learn frm Susan Brwn’s wrds in paragraph 4?
A．The breeding techniques are bming.
B．The breeding techniques need n imprvement.
C．The breeders are struggling t develp new species.
D．The breeders shuld develp new genetic technlgy.
8．Hw can fruits and vegetables be cnsumed mre accrding t Harry Klee?
A．By enhancing the taste.
B．By imprving the nutrients.
C．By making them mre accessible.
D．By telling peple the benefits.
【答案】5．D 6．D 7．A 8．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现代植物育种者利用新的基因编辑技术，重新改良了甘蓝的品种，使其味道更好。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the late 1990s, scientists discvered specific chemicals which made Brussels spruts taste bitter. Plant breeders started grwing ld seeds, previusly abandned due t pr yields (产量), t lk fr tastier versins with lwer levels f these specific chemicals.(在20世纪90年代末，科学家们发现了使孢子甘蓝尝起来苦的特殊化学物质。植物育种者开始种植以前因产量低而废弃的旧种子，以寻找含有较低这些特定化学物质的更美味的种子)”可知，植物育种家种植老球芽甘蓝种子寻找不那么苦的孢子甘蓝。故选D项。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“That’s because mst breeding decisins favr plant traits (特性) that matter t vegetable grwers, nt vegetable eaters.(这是因为大多数育种决定都倾向于对蔬菜种植者重要的植物特性，而不是对吃蔬菜的人)”可知，此处提到了其他蔬菜不太好即不太“成功”的原因，所以划线词是“成功”的意思。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第四段““There’s never been a better time t be a fruit breeder r a vegetable breeder because we have mre tls and techniques, ” says Susan Brwn, an apple breeder at Crnell University.(“现在是水果育种或蔬菜育种的最佳时机，因为我们有更多的工具和技术，”康奈尔大学的苹果育种专家苏珊•布朗表示)”可推知，育种技术正在蓬勃发展。故选A项。
8．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““Dn’t waste yur time talking abut trying t educate peple t eat better, ”said Harry Klee, a prfessr wh specializes in tmat breeding. “Just give them prducts that taste better and that they want t eat.”(“不要浪费时间谈论如何教育人们吃得更好，”专门研究番茄育种的教授哈里·克利说。“只要给他们提供味道更好、他们想吃的产品就行了。”)”可知，根据Harry Klee的说法，让人们多吃水果和蔬菜的最好方法是提高蔬菜和水果的味道。故选A项。
3.（2023·吉林白山·统考一模）
In scientific literature, baby talk is called “parentese” and is a unique way f cmmunicating with babies. Classic baby talk will include speaking at a higher pitch, with exaggerated (夸张的) intnatin, simplified vcabulary, and repetitive phrases. It has a meldic quality, cupled with exaggerated facial expressins. Adults als tend t speak mre slwly and emphasize key wrds r phrases when engaging in baby talk. What’s the pint f using such a ridiculus style f talking with babies? Why nt just talk t a baby with nrmal speech, like we’d talk t anther adult?
Primarily, we use baby talk t capture the baby’s attentin. The exaggerated vcalizatins and facial expressins serve t engage the child’s fcus by being distinct frm all the ther nise and visual stimuli arund the baby. Remember, the brain f a newbrn baby is still develping and needs different cues t engage and learn smething.
Baby talk als helps t establish an emtinal cnnectin between the adult and the baby. The meldic and nurturing tne cnveys affectin, lve, and care. As a result, in a way, it reassures the child by giving them a sense f security.
Interestingly, there was a study where researchers tested 2,329 babies frm 16 cuntries n their preference fr this high-pitched, animated lve it when adults engage in baby talk. The study als revealed that babies frm almst all cultures have an inherent lve fr baby talk.
Newbrns can’t speak, but they cme ready t learn. Evidence suggests that human brains are primed t absrb and prcess linguistic input. The meldic patterns and simplified language f baby talk help infants differentiate speech sunds and identify keywrds, facilitating mre efficient language develpment.
Hwever, it’s imprtant t strike a balance between baby talk and nrmal adult cnversatin as babies grw lder and their language skills develp. As children becme mre prficient in understanding and prducing language, adults shuld adapt and advance their cthmunicatin style accrdingly.
9．Which f the fllwing is the characteristic f baby talk?
A．Vivid expressins.B．Rich infrmatin.
C．Cmplex grammar.D．Large vcabulary.
10．Accrding t the passage, what’s the functin f baby talk?
A．T entertain adults.B．T frm emtinal bnd.
C．T learn mre abut babies.D．T help babies understand the adult wrld.
11．What des the last paragraph fcus n?
A．Describing a phenmenn.B．Offering advice.
C．Analyzing causes.D．Interpreting facts.
12．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．What is baby talk?B．Why can’t adults talk like babies?
C．Hw d babies talk with adults?D．Why can’t adults talk nrmally t babies?
【答案】9．A 10．B 11．B 12．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了成年人和婴儿说话时使用婴儿语的原因，并就婴儿语的使用提出建议。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It has a meldic quality, cupled with exaggerated facial expressins.(它有旋律的特质，加上夸张的面部表情)”可知，“生动的表情”是婴儿语的一个特征。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Baby talk als helps t establish an emtinal cnnectin between the adult and the baby.(婴儿语也有助于在成人和婴儿之间建立情感联系)”可知，婴儿语的作用是建立情感联系，故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Hwever, it’s imprtant t strike a balance between baby talk and nrmal adult cnversatin as babies grw lder and their language skills develp. As children becme mre prficient in understanding and prducing language, adults shuld adapt and advance their cthmunicatin style accrdingly.(然而，随着婴儿年龄的增长和语言技能的发展，在婴儿语和正常的成人对话之间取得平衡是很重要的。随着孩子们对语言的理解和表达越来越熟练，成年人也应该相应地调整和推进他们的沟通方式)”可知，本段是说随着婴儿的成长，成年人要在婴儿语和正常的成人对话之间取得平衡，调整和推进与孩子的沟通方式。由此可知，本段主要是就婴儿语的使用提建议。故选B。
12．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Why nt just talk t a baby with nrmal speech, like we’d talk t anther adult?(为什么不用正常的语言和婴儿说话，就像我们和另一个成年人说话一样？)”可知，文章解释了成年人和婴儿说话时使用婴儿语的原因。由此可知，D项“为什么成年人不正常地和婴儿说话？”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
4.（2023·江西宜春·高三江西省宜丰中学校考阶段练习）
In Flrida’s Everglades, few species are mre clsely tied t the habitat’s health than an endangered bird, the snail kite. The Everglade snail kite is a raptr (猛禽), similar t a hawk, that eats just ne thing: snails, a species that relies almst entirely n a resurce usually abundant in the freshwater marshes (沼泽).
Over the last century, as much f the Everglades dried up, drughts cntributed t the snail kite’s decline, and by 2007, there were fewer than 800 remaining. But the kite has bunced back recently thanks t an extic (外来的) snail. It’s a rare case f an invasive species having a psitive impact.
Rbert Fletcher, a University f Flrida prfessr wh directs a snail kite mnitring prgram, said the invasive species was first sptted in 2004. Within a few years, it had expanded thrugh much f the Everglades. “And it was arund that time,” he said, “that we started t see snail kite number increase.”
N ne’s sure abut hw the extic snails were intrduced int the Everglades. They’re related t Flrida’s apple snails and are cmmnly used in hme aquariums. The invader, the island apple snail, is larger than its Flrida cusin. It lays eggs in the thusands in pink clusters visible n the stalks f many f the marsh plants.
Effrts t restre Flrida’s Everglades have helped the snail kite and restred native vegetatin. It’s been in the wrks fr mre than 30 years with a cst f mre than $20 billin. But prgress is increasing gradually, albeit hard t measure. In the meantime, scientists say the invasive snail may have helped pull Flrida’s endangered snail kite back frm the threat f extinctin.
But Fletcher is cncerned abut the ptential impact the species will have n the Everglades ver the lng term. He said, “What we shuld be thinking abut is hw we restre native snails t get thse benefits rather than relying n this nn-native species that can have damaging impacts n the ecsystem.” The invasive snails may already have caused lsses t sme native marsh plants, which indicates that truble may cme very sn.
13．What des the underlined phrase “bunced back” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Jumped.B．Mved.C．Recvered.D．Returned.
14．What is a majr cause f the snail kite’s decline?
A．The lss f habitat.B．The lack f fd due t drughts.
C．The increasing number f hawks.D．The intrductin f an invasive species.
15．What d we knw abut the invasive snails?
A．Their eggs are hard t spt.
B．Aquariums are an ideal habitat fr them.
C．They are smaller than native apple snails.
D．They quickly increased in ppulatin arund the Everglades.
16．What cnclusin can be drawn frm the last tw paragraphs?
A．Restring the native ecsystem is cstly and time-cnsuming.
B．The invasive snails pse little threat t the lcal ecsystem.
C．The benefits f the invasive snails utweigh the harms.
D．Human effrts apparently have prven t be effective.
【答案】13．C 14．B 15．D 16．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在佛罗里达州的大沼泽地，一种频危鸟类 —— 蜗鸢与其栖息地的健康关系更密切。大沼泽蜗鸢，只吃一种东西：蜗牛，而蜗牛几乎完全依赖淡水沼泽中丰富的资源。随着沼泽地的干涸，蜗鸢数量下降。但最近一种外来的蜗牛使得蜗鸢数量开始上升。
13．词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Over the last century, as much f the Everglades dried up, drughts cntributed t the snail kite’s decline, and by 2007, there were fewer than 800 remaining. (上个世纪，随着大部分大沼泽地干涸，干旱导致蜗鸢数量减少，到 2007 年，只剩下不到 800 只。)”可知，食蜗鸢因干旱大量减少。后一句的句首“But”表示转折，结合最后一句“It’s a rare case f an invasive species having a psitive impact.(这是入侵物种产生积极影响的罕见案例)”可知，入侵物种产生了积极影响，由此可推知，由于一种外来的蜗牛，食蜗鸢减少的情况出现了转机，即食蜗鸢数量恢复了，由此可知，画线短语意为“恢复”，故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“The Everglade snail kite is a raptr (猛禽), similar t a hawk, that eats just ne thing: snails, a species that relies almst entirely n a resurce usually abundant in the freshwater marshes (沼泽).(食蜗鸢是一种猛禽，类似于鹰，只吃一种东西：蜗牛，这种物种几乎完全依赖淡水沼泽中通常丰富的资源)”可知，食蜗鸢的唯一食物是依靠沼泽资源生存的蜗牛；根据第二段第一句“Over the last century, as much f the Everglades dried up, drughts cntributed t the snail kite’s decline, and by 2007, there were fewer than 800 remaining. (上个世纪，随着大部分大沼泽地干涸，干旱导致蜗鸢数量减少，到 2007 年，只剩下不到 800 只。)”可知，沼泽的干涸导致食蜗鸢数量的减少。结合这两句话中的信息，可以推断出，干旱导致了蜗牛的减少，继而导致以蜗牛为食的食蜗鸢的减少，故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rbert Fletcher, a University f Flrida prfessr wh directs a snail kite mnitring prgram, said the invasive species was first sptted in 2004. Within a few years, it had expanded thrugh much f the Everglades. (佛罗里达大学教授罗伯特·弗莱彻(Rbert Fletcher)指导了一个蜗牛风筝监测项目，他说，这只入侵物种最早是在2004年被发现的。几年之内，它已经扩展到大沼泽地的大部分地区)”可知，入侵的蜗牛数量在沼泽地迅速增加，故选D。
16．推理判断题。由倒数第二段中“It’s been in the wrks fr mre than 30 years with a cst f mre than $20 billin. But prgress is increasing gradually, albeit hard t measure. (该工程已进行了 30 多年，耗资超过 200 亿美元。但进展正在逐渐增加，尽管难以衡量。)”可知，恢复生态系统需要大量的时间和金钱成本，且进展难以衡量。故选A。
5.（2023·重庆·高三重庆市第十一中学校校考阶段练习）
Prfessinals use the wrd “amateur” as a disapprving term fr thse wh lack frmal training and qualificatins. I think such prejudice is a mistake. One day that amateur might just create a new industry.
Typical amateurs are free t invent as they please, try new ideas, fail, and get up and d it all again—but better. As Marshall McLuhan, the media therist, said: “Amateurs can affrd t lse.” They are self-imprvers, chasing a dream rather than a labrius, life-lng career within a grup. Amateurs can d it part-time, fr charity r fr fun.
Thanks t the Internet, we can all be cmpetent amateurs at almst everything. Nw everyne can DIY and experiment—frm blgging t film-making t nline advice shps. The mysteries, terms and exclusiveness f the self-satisfied ld crafts are revealed nline fr all t see. Besides, the wrld is vastly mre cmplex nw, but that means even the mst respected prfessinal needs expert help. The end f the age f authrity means we n lnger hld elites (精英) such as judges and bankers in such awe. Fr centuries the club-like prfessinal bdies have taken sciety in their cntrl, a frm f freemasnry (互助协会) fr the well-educated and cnnected.
Charles Leadbeater has written persuasively abut the imprtance f serius amateurs, r “prfessinal amateurs”, wh have helped intrduce innvatins t the mainstream. These passinate amateurs cperate t give disruptive ideas (颠覆性的观点) pssibility. Their cnstructive ideas cntribute t the imprvement f muntain bikes. Scial enterprises are dminated by enthusiastic amateurs whse pririty is t imprve the wrld rather than bill clients. Amng the greatest cperative achievements f the Internet Age have been Wikipedia and Linux. It is surprising there haven’t been mre crwded-surced successes. Perhaps business prjects have been t chatic and lacked the leadership necessary fr any cmplicated prject t cme t fruitin.
Nevertheless, I shw my admiratins fr the armies f gifted amateurs. I dn’t deny the imprtance f educatin, but I place greater emphasis n results and riginality, which are the highlights f amateurism.
17．The advantages f amateurs are listed belw except ______.
A．they enjy mre freedm in creatin.B．they can affrd the cst f failure.
C．they are the fruit f the Internet Age.D．they have a wide range f chices.
18．What can be seen in Paragraph 3?
A．The influence f prfessinals are being challenged.
B．Public pinin is influenced by the small grup f elites.
C．Only the cmpetent amateurs can make crafts revealed.
D．Human sciety has been gverned by well-educated grups.
19．Hw des the authr present his pint in Paragraph 4?
A．By listing figures.B．By making cmparisns.
C．By explaining causes.D．By giving examples.
20．What’s the best title fr the text?
A．The Evlutin f AmateurismB．A New Industrial Revlutin
C．A Salute t the AmateurD．The End f Authrity Age
【答案】17．C 18．A 19．D 20．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了业余爱好者可能会创造一个新的行业，解释了这一群体的优势并对优秀的业余爱好者进行了举例。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段“Typical amateurs are free t invent as they please, try new ideas, fail, and get up and d it all again—but better. As Marshall McLuhan, the media therist, said: “Amateurs can affrd t lse.” They are self-imprvers, chasing a dream rather than a labrius, life-lng career within a grup. Amateurs can d it part-time, fr charity r fr fun.(典型的业余爱好者可以随心所欲地发明，尝试新想法，失败，然后站起来重新开始——而且做得更好。正如媒体理论家马歇尔•麦克卢汉所言：“业余爱好者输得起。”他们是自我提升者，追逐梦想，而不是在一个群体中从事艰苦的终身职业。业余爱好者可以做兼职，慈善或娱乐。)”以及第三段“Nw everyne can DIY and experiment—frm blgging t film-making t nline advice shps.(现在每个人都可以自己动手做实验——从写博客到电影制作再到网上咨询商店)”可知，是互联网时代的产物不是业余爱好者的优点。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据第三段“Besides, the wrld is vastly mre cmplex nw, but that means even the mst respected prfessinal needs expert help.The end f the age f authrity means we n lnger hld elites (精英) such as judges and bankers in such awe.(此外，现在的世界要复杂得多，但这意味着即使是最受尊敬的专业人士也需要专家的帮助。权威时代的终结意味着，我们不再对法官和银行家等精英抱有如此敬畏的态度)”可知，专业人士的影响力正在受到挑战。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据第四段“Scial enterprises are dminated by enthusiastic amateurs whse pririty is t imprve the wrld rather than bill clients. Amng the greatest cperative achievements f the Internet Age have been Wikipedia and Linux. It is surprising there haven’t been mre crwded-surced successes. Perhaps business prjects have been t chatic and lacked the leadership necessary fr any cmplicated prject t cme t fruitin.(社会企业由热心的业余人士主导，他们的首要任务是改善世界，而不是为客户买单。互联网时代最伟大的合作成就是维基百科和Linux。令人惊讶的是，没有更多的众包成功。也许商业项目过于混乱，缺乏任何复杂项目取得成果所必需的领导)”可推知，作者在第4段通过举例表达他的观点。故选D。
20．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Nevertheless, I shw my admiratins fr the armies f gifted amateurs. I dn’t deny the imprtance f educatin, but I place greater emphasis n results and riginality, which are the highlights f amateurism.(尽管如此，我还是对这群天才的业余爱好者表示钦佩。我不否认教育的重要性，但我更强调结果和独创性，这是业余的亮点)”结合文章主要说明了业余爱好者可能会创造一个新的行业，解释了这一群体的优势并对优秀的业余爱好者进行了举例。可知，C选项“向业余爱好者致敬”最符合文章标题。故选C。
6.（2023·重庆·高三重庆市第十一中学校校考阶段练习）
When yu think f the new place fr grwing fd, yu might think f Mars. But ne Italian family believes ne pssible place is right here n the Earth: the cean.
Nem’s Garden is the wrld’s first underwater cultivatin system f terrestrial (陆地的) plants. Lcated ff the cast f Nli, Italy, it cnsists f several greenhuses called bispheres (生物圈), attached t the seaflr. “The missin f it is t change agriculture, t give it an added pssibility fr grwing prduce in the cean,” says c-funder Luca Gamberini.
His father Sergi Gamberini came up with the idea by cmbining his tw passins—diving and gardening. In 2012, the prject began with planting basil in a balln underwater. Nw Nem’s Garden is grwing strng.
With the glbal ppulatin expected t reach rughly 10 billin by 2050, the UN estimates fd prductin will need t increase up t 60% t feed the ppulatin.
“We have a limited amunt f resurces, and ur current way f harvesting thse resurces is unsustainable,” Luca says, “and we believe that underwater gives us sme advantages ver traditinal agriculture.
Flating six t ten meters underwater, plants in Nem’s Garden are separated frm any utside pathgens (病菌) and pests. Als, the relatively steady temperature f the cean water is an ideal envirnment fr plant life. Besides, Nem’s Garden uses hydrpnics—a technique that uses water-based nutrients instead f sil. Sunlight des reach the plants, but grwing lights are used when needed. “Als, there is little interactin with the marine envirnment and related ecsystems, which means n harm is caused t marine life,” adds Luca.
Everything is mnitred n land thrugh cameras and sensrs, and settings can be adjusted remtely. When it’s time t harvest, a diver will cut the vegetatin, place Different studies have been cnducted n Nem’s Garden. A 2020 study cncluded that basil frm the garden had a higher essential il cncentratin and cntained mre antixidants (抗氧化剂).
The team at Nem’s Garden has plans fr even bigger bispheres in the future, as well as ther lcatins. Luca believes the future f Nem’s Garden will be mstly alng the castlines where cmmunities culd benefit frm the added space it ffers.
21．What des the underlined wrd ”it“ in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The bisphere.B．The seaflr.C．Agriculture.D．Nem’s Garden.
22．Why is the ppulatin issue mentined in paragraph 4?
A．T estimate the current situatin f fd prductin.
B．T address the expansin f glbal ppulatin.
C．T add sme backgrund infrmatin n the prject.
D．T pint ut sme prblems in traditinal agriculture.
23．Hw des Luca feel abut Nem’s Garden?
A．Cst-effective.B．Energy-saving.
C．Multi-functinal.D．Ec-friendly.
24．Which f the fllwing is the limitatin f Nem’s Garden?
A．Its plants are lw in nutritius value.
B．Its bispheres are nt large enugh.
C．Its bispheres cmpletely rely n antixidants.
D．Its plants are t weak t fight pathgens.
【答案】21．D 22．C 23．D 24．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意大利的Nem's Garden项目，这是世界上第一个陆地植物的水下种植系统，旨在通过在海洋中种植作物来改变农业，并在海洋中增加种植农产品的可能性。
21．词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Nem’s Garden is the wrld’s first underwater cultivatin system f terrestrial plants (Nem’s Garden是世界上第一个陆地植物的水下栽培系统)”以及“Lcated ff the cast f Nli, Italy(它位于意大利诺利海岸)”可知，此处划线词it指代的是前文的Nem’s Garden。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“With the glbal ppulatin expected t reach rughly 10 billin by 2050, the UN estimates fd prductin will need t increase up t 60% t feed the ppulatin.(预计到2050年，全球人口将达到约100亿，联合国估计，粮食产量需要增加60%才能养活人口)”可知，这一段提到了人口问题是为了补充有关该项目的一些背景信息。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第五段““We have a limited amunt f resurces, and ur current way f harvesting thse resurces is unsustainable,” Luca says, “and we believe that underwater gives us sme advantages ver traditinal agriculture.(卢卡说：“我们的资源有限，我们目前获取这些资源的方式是不可持续的，我们相信水下农业比传统农业有一些优势”)”可知，卢卡认为Nem’s Garden是可持续性的，是生态友好的。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The team at Nem’s Garden has plans fr even bigger bispheres in the future, as well as ther lcatins.(Nem’s Garden团队计划在未来以及其他地点建造更大的生物圈)”可知，Nem’s Garden的生物圈现在不够大。故选B。
7.（2023·江苏徐州·高三统考期中）
Is future yu? It might seem like a strange philsphical questin. But the answer t hw yu think abut yur future self culd make the difference between decisins yu ultimately find satisfying and nes yu might eventually regret.
The brain patterns that emerge n an MRI (核磁共振成像) when peple think abut their future selves mst like the brain patterns that arise when they think abut strangers. This finding suggests that, in the mind’s eye, ur future selves lk like ther peple. If yu see future yu as a different persn, why shuld yu save mney, eat healthier r exercise mre regularly t benefit that stranger?
Hwever, if yu see the interests f yur distant self as mre like thse f yur present self, yu are cnsiderably mre likely t d things tday that benefit yu tmrrw. A paper in the jurnal PLS One revealed that cllege students wh experienced a greater sense f cnnectin and similarity t their future selves were mre likely t achieve academic success. Relatinships with ur future selves als matter fr general psychlgical well-being. In a prject led by Jseph Reiff, which includes 5, 000 adults aged 20 t 75, he fund that thse wh perceived a great verlap (重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being mre satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling ut the initial survey.
S hw can we better befriend ur future selves and feel mre cnnected t their fates? The psychlgical mindset with what we call ”vividness interventins“ wrks. We have fund, fr instance, that shwing peple images f their lder, grayer selves increases intentins t save fr the lng term. Besides, yu might try writing a letter t-and then frm-yur future self. As demnstrated by Yuta Chishima and Anne Wilsn in their 2020 study in the jurnal Self and Identity, when high-schl students engaged in this type f ”send-and-reply“ exercise, they experienced elevated (升高的) levels f feelings f similarity with their future selves.
Letter-writing and visualizatin exercises are just a cuple f ways we can cnnect with ur future selves and beynd, but the larger lessn here is clear: If we can treat ur distant selves as if they are peple we lve, care abut and want t supprt, we can start making chices fr them that imprve ur lives-bth tday and tmrrw.
25．What’s the functin f paragraph 2?
A．Generating further discussin.B．Intrducing a research result.
C．Shwing the effect f the finding.D．Cncluding varius viewpints.
26．Hw des the authr prve his statements?
A．By ffering relevant statistics.B．By using qutatins.
C．By referring t previus findings.D．By making cmparisns.
27．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．Benefits f befriending ur future selves.
B．Ways f cnnecting with ur future selves.
C．Methds f changing psychlgical mindsets.
D．Pssibilities f us becming ur future selves.
28．What des the article want t tell us?
A．Making future plans makes a difference.
B．Our future selves lk like ther peple.
C．Getting t knw yur future self benefits.
D．Yur chice affects the fates f strangers.
【答案】25．A 26．C 27．B 28．C
【导语】这是一片说明文。文章主要介绍了与自己未来建立联系的好处，以及如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段“The brain patterns that emerge n an MRI(核磁共振成像)when peple think abut their future selves mst like the brain patterns that arise when they think abut strangers. This finding suggests that, in the mind’s eye, ur future selves lk like ther peple. If yu see future yu as a different persn, why shuld yu save mney, eat healthier r exercise mre regularly t benefit that stranger?(当人们思考未来的自我时，核磁共振成像上出现的大脑模式最像是当他们思考陌生人时产生的大脑模式。这一发现表明，在大脑的眼中，我们未来的自己看起来和其他人一样。如果你把未来的自己视为一个不同的人，你为什么要省钱、吃得更健康或更经常地锻炼来造福那个陌生人？)”可推知，本段通过设问来引出下文，产生进一步的讨论，为什么要和未来的自己建立联系。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话到最后一句话“A paper in the jurnal PLS One revealed that cllege students wh experienced a greater sense f cnnectin and similarity t their future selves were mre likely t achieve academic success. Relatinships with ur future selves als matter fr general psychlgical well-being. In a prject led by Jseph Reiff, which includes 5, 000 adults aged 20 t 75, he fund that thse wh perceived a great verlap(重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being mre satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling ut the initial survey. (《公共科学图书馆综合》杂志上的一篇论文显示，与未来自我有更大联系感和相似感的大学生更有可能在学业上取得成功。与未来自我的关系对整体心理健康也很重要。在Jseph Reiff领导的一个项目中，包括5000名年龄在20岁至75岁之间的成年人，他发现那些认为自己现在和未来的品质有很大重叠的人，在完成最初的调查10年后，最终对自己的生活更加满意)”可推知，作者通过参考先前的发现来证明他的陈述。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句话“S hw can we better befriend ur future selves and feel mre cnnected t their fates?(那么，我们如何才能更好地与未来的自己成为朋友，并与他们的命运更加紧密地联系在一起呢？)”以及全段内容来看，本段主要介绍了与未来的自己联系的方式。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段中第二句话“But the answer t hw yu think abut yur future self culd make the difference between decisins yu ultimately find satisfying and nes yu might eventually regret.(但是，你如何看待未来的自己的答案可能会决定你最终感到满意的决定和你最终可能后悔的决定)”及第三段的第二、三句话“A paper in the jurnal PLS One revealed that cllege students wh experienced a greater sense f cnnectin and similarity t their future selves were mre likely t achieve academic success. Relatinships with ur future selves als matter fr general psychlgical well-being.(《公共科学图书馆综合》杂志上的一篇论文显示，与未来自我有更大联系感和相似感的大学生更有可能在学业上取得成功。与未来自我的关系对整体心理健康也很重要)”和最后一段“Letter-writing and visualizatin exercises are just a cuple f ways we can cnnect with ur future selves and beynd, but the larger lessn here is clear: If we can treat ur distant selves as if they are peple we lve, care abut and want t supprt, we can start making chices fr them that imprve ur lives-bth tday and tmrrw(写信和可视化练习只是我们与未来自我和未来自我联系的几种方式，但这里更大的教训是明确的：如果我们能把遥远的自我当作我们爱、关心和想要支持的人来对待，我们就能开始为他们做出选择，改善我们今天和明天的生活)”可知，文章介绍了与未来自己建立联系的好处，如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。由此推知，这篇文章想告诉我们了解未来的自己的利好处。故选C。
8.（2023·湖北·高三统考期末）
Want t knw what is cming sn t a cinema near yu? Prbably nt a 1.5-hur-lng mvie, as in the ld days. On Octber 20th cmes Killers f the Flwer Mn. At nearly three and a half hurs, its length is nearly duble that f the average film last year. Even mvie fans struggle t cncentrate fr that lng and sme viewers even nd ff. Afterwards there is a mad dash fr the tilets. When des watching a film becme such a slg?
The Ecnmist analyzed ver 100,000 feature films released internatinally since the 1930s, the start f Hllywd’s glden age, using data frm IMDb, a mvie database. The average length f prductins rse by arund 24%, frm ne hur and 21 minutes in the 1930s t ne hur and 47 minutes in 2022. Fr the ten mst-ppular titles, the average length grew t arund tw and a half hurs in 2022, nearly 50% higher than in the 1930s.
One driver f this trend is that studis want t squeeze the mst ut f their cstly intellectual prperty (知识产权), but they are cmpeting with streaming platfrms fr eyeballs. The hpe is that a spectacular, drawn-ut “event” mvie will draw audiences away frm the small screen and int cinemas. This apprach has ften paid ff: Avengers: Endgame Marvel’s three-hur superher masterpieces, was the highest-grssing (票房最高的) film in 2019. Last year lng mvies series made up mst f the highest-grssing films in America.
Anther explanatin fr lnger films has t d with directrs’ grwing influence. Wh wuld dare tell the likes f Mr. Nlan t cut ut his masterpieces? Mrever, streaming platfrms, which d nt have t wrry as much abut the length because viewers can pause whenever they like, may attract big names by prmising them sufficient fund and creative freedm. Netflix funded and released three-hur The Irishman in 2019, a film that wuld have benefited frm a decisive editr, Irish r therwise.
29．The underlined part “a slg” in paragraph 1 refers t a(n)___.
A．pleasureB．effrtC．cnflictD．feast
30．What can be inferred frm paragraph 2?
A．The average length affects the ppularity f films.
B．Great advances have been made in film industry.
C．Hllywd starts a glden age f feature films.
D．The average duratin f mvies has stretched.
31．What sets the trend f lnger mvies?
A．Cmpetitin fr the target audience.B．Thirst fr mre classic prductins.
C．Influence f streaming platfrms.D．Preference fr decisive editrs.
32．What is prbably the best title fr the passage?
A．Mvie EnthusiastsB．Mvie Marathns
C．Mvie PrductinD．Mvie Influence
【答案】29．B 30．D 31．A 32．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。为什么电影的时长变得越来越长，文章分析了出现这种现象的原因。
29．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Even mvie fans struggle t cncentrate fr that lng and sme viewers even nd ff. Afterwards there is a mad dash fr the tilets.(即使是影迷也很难在这么长时间内集中注意力，一些观众甚至会打盹。之后，人们疯狂地冲向厕所)”可知，看电影也不再是轻松的事，所以划线单词a slg指的是“艰苦的工作”，与effrt意义一致。故填B项。
30．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The average length f prductins rse by arund 24%, frm ne hur and 21 minutes in the 1930s t ne hur and 47 minutes in 2022. Fr the ten mst-ppular titles, the average length grew t arund tw and a half hurs in 2022, nearly 50% higher than in the 1930s.(制作的平均长度增加了约24%，从20世纪30年代的1小时21分钟增加到2022年的1小时47分钟。2022年，十大最受欢迎的游戏的平均时长增长到两个半小时左右，比上世纪30年代高出近50%)”可推知，电影的平均时长延长了。故选D项。
31．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One driver f this trend is that studis want t squeeze the mst ut f their cstly intellectual prperty (知识产权), but they are cmpeting with streaming platfrms fr eyeballs. The hpe is that a spectacular, drawn-ut “event” mvie will draw audiences away frm the small screen and int cinemas.(推动这一趋势的一个因素是，电影公司希望最大限度地利用其昂贵的知识产权，但他们也在与流媒体平台争夺眼球。他们希望一部壮观的、旷日持久的“大事件”电影能把观众从小屏幕吸引到电影院)”可知，电影平均时长延长是为了吸引观众到电影院。故选A项。
32．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Want t knw what is cming sn t a cinema near yu? Prbably nt a 1.5-hur-lng mvie, as in the ld days. On Octber 20th cmes Killers f the Flwer Mn. At nearly three and a half hurs, its length is nearly duble that f the average film last year. Even mvie fans struggle t cncentrate fr that lng and sme viewers even nd ff. Afterwards there is a mad dash fr the tilets. When des watching a film becme such a slg?(想知道你附近的电影院即将上映什么电影吗？可能不会像过去那样是一部1.5小时长的电影。10月20日上映的《花月杀手》。该片时长近三个半小时，几乎是去年平均时长的两倍。即使是影迷也很难在这么长时间内集中注意力，一些观众甚至会打盹。之后，人们疯狂地冲向厕所。什么时候看电影变成了一件苦差事？)”及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了电影的时长变得越来越长这一现象，并分析了出现这种现象的原因。由此可知，B项“Mvie Marathns(电影马拉松)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。
9.（2023·重庆·高三重庆市第十一中学校校考）
“This is the next revlutin in flying,” says Mark Henning, Eurpean managing directr f AutFlight, a Chinese firm. Mr Henning is nt alne in betting that electric vertical (垂直的) take-ff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft have a bright future. The idea is that, being simpler, cheaper, greener and quieter than traditinal helicpters (直升机), eVTOLs will be well suited t perate shrt-range passenger services acrss large urban areas, such as flying peple between airprts and city centres.
Nw, Mr Henning is setting up an peratin at Augsburg Airprt in Germany t further the develpment f Prsperity I, the cmpany’s air taxi. Prsperity I can seat three passengers and a pilt. It is a hybrid between a helicpter and a fixed-wing plane. It takes ff and lands vertically, using multiple rtrs (旋翼), but these are switched ff when it is in full flight. At that pint a “pusher” prpeller (螺旋桨) at the back takes ver, t prvide frward drive, and thus lift via the wings. This arrangement makes better use f the aircraft’s battery, giving Prsperity I a range f sme 250 km.
A mdel will be test-flwn in Germany in rder t btain what is knwn as a type certificate frm the Eurpean Unin Aviatin Safety Agency (EASA). This signifies the airwrthiness f a new aircraft. Althugh AutFlight is als seeking certificatin in China, the cmpany thinks the additin f Eurpean apprval will help speed the machine’s entry int service in ther markets, t. It hpes t cmplete the apprval prcess by 2025.
There is uncertainty abut hw the rules will differ frm place t place. Nnetheless, enugh regulatry prgress has been made. In America, Jby Aviatin hpes next year t becme the first t btain a type certificate frm the Federal Aviatin Administratin (FAA). In Eurpe, Vlcpter, a German firm, hpes t prvide air-taxi services fr the 2024 Olympic Games in Paris.
It is nt nly new firms which are getting int the business. Airbus is develping ideas fr eVTOLs. S is Being. With s much effrt and mney ging int this new frm f air travel, sme f these birds will surely be flying sn.
33．Which f the fllwing can replace the underline wrd “hybrid” in Paragraph 2?
A．Symbl.B．Mixture.C．Cncept.D．Applicatin.
34．What is special abut Prsperity I?
A．It has n wings r rtrs.
B．It can hld three peple at mst.
C．It is energy-efficient during its flight.
D．It has a tp speed f 250 km per hur n land.
35．What is AutFlight trying t d fr Prsperity I?
A．Obtain a type certificate frm the FAA．
B．Have it tested acrss the sky f America.
C．Tailr a set f rules as sn as pssible.
D．Get it apprved by Eurpean authrities.
36．What is the authr’s attitude twards eVTOLs?
A．Optimistic.B．Cncerned.C．Uncertain.D．Tlerant.
【答案】33．B 34．C 35．D 36．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飞行领域的下一次革命——电动垂直起降飞机，它更简单、更便宜、更环保、更安静，将非常适合在大城市地区执行短途客运服务。
33．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“It takes ff and lands vertically, using multiple rtrs (旋翼), but these are switched ff when it is in full flight. At that pint a “pusher” prpeller (螺旋桨) at the back takes ver, t prvide frward drive, and thus lift via the wings. (它使用多个旋翼垂直起飞和降落，但这些旋翼在全速飞行时会关闭。此时，后部的“推进器”螺旋桨接管，提供向前的驱动力，从而通过机翼升力)”可知，eVTOLs兼具直升机和固定翼飞机的部分特点。由此推断，划线单词的意思与“混合”或“兼具”相似。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。根据原文第二段中“It is a hybrid between a helicpter and a fixed-wing plane. It takes ff and lands vertically, using multiple rtrs (旋翼), but these are switched ff when it is in full flight. At that pint a “pusher” prpeller (螺旋桨) at the back takes ver, t prvide frward drive, and thus lift via the wings. (它是直升机和固定翼飞机的混合体。它使用多个旋翼垂直起飞和降落，但这些旋翼在全速飞行时会关闭。此时，后部的“推进器”螺旋桨接管，提供向前的驱动力，从而通过机翼升力)”可推知，Prsperity I的特别之处在于它在飞行中是节能的，故选C项。
35．推理判断题。根据第三段中“A mdel will be test-flwn in Germany in rder t btain what is knwn as a type certificate frm the Eurpean Unin Aviatin Safety Agency (EASA). (一个模型将在德国进行试飞，以获得欧盟航空安全局的型号证书)”可推知，AutFlight公司为了发展Prsperity I，正在努力获得欧盟航空安全局的型号证书，也就是希望得到欧洲当局者的批准。故选D项。
36．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It is nt nly new firms which are getting int the business. Airbus is develping ideas fr eVTOLs. S is Being. With s much effrt and mney ging int this new frm f air travel, sme f these birds will surely be flying sn. (不仅仅是新公司进入这一行业，空客也在开发eVTOLs的想法，波音也是如此。随着如此多的努力和资金投入到这种新型的空中旅行中，其中一些飞机肯定很快就会飞起来)”可推知，作者对eVTOLs持乐观态度。故选A项。
10.（2023·重庆·高三重庆市第十一中学校校考阶段练习）
Wendell Berry was almst 30 when he packed up his life as a writer in New Yrk and mved t Prt Ryal, a tiny cmmunity in Kentucky where generatins f his frebears (祖先) had farmed the land. His friends thught he was mad. But he felt it was his inner calling t recrd the histry f the place.
Since mving t Prt Ryal in 1964, he has lived as if he were in the 19th century, writing by hand and plughing (耕) his fields with hrses. His eight nvels and mre than 50 shrt stries are usually set in Prt William, a stand-in (替身) fr Prt Ryal. Nick Offerman, an actr, wanted t adapt his wrk fr the screen. Hwever, the actr was refused.
In Mr Berry’s pinin, humans must take care f the earth that grants them life. “The sil is the greatest cnnectr f lives,” he has written. “Withut prper care fr it, we can have n cmmunity.” This philsphy dminates his writings. In The Unsettling f America, published in 1977, Mr Berry criticized the natural damage caused by large agribusinesses. He thinks capitalism has separated farming frm culture and discnnected peple frm nature.
Mr Berry’s fictin explres the decline f sciable values by fllwing Prt William’s intercnnected clans (家族) as they enter the mdern age. In Dismemberment, a shrt stry, Andy Catlett lses a hand t a harvesting machine and becmes a lner. He sees his withdrawal is mistaken and recnnects with the twn, finding “the wealth f the family histry in his ancestral place (祖籍)”. In Hannah Culter, Mr Berry’s seventh nvel, the main character Hannah Culter grws ld after a sad life and anticipates lneliness when her children leave t find wrk in the city. Instead, her hpe is restred when her grandsn returns t run the farm.
These stries ffer insightful advice fr readers living thrugh eclgical disaster. Thugh few can return t farming basics, Mr Berry’s messages f building cmmunities, being a gd neighbur and resisting the invitatin f mdern life are still valuable. Besides, his missin t find the “peace f wild things” is easily cmpleted by spending a few hurs in Prt William.
37．Why did Mr Berry’s friends regard him as mad?
A．He mved t live in the cuntryside.B．He turned dwn Offerman’s request.
C．He wrte mst f his nvels by hand.D．He gave up his career as a writer.
38．What d Mr Berry’s writings ften imply?
A．The challenges f farming in ld days.B．The harmny between man and nature.
C．The real benefits f large agri-businesses.D．The hard lives f his frebears in Kentucky.
39．What d Catlett and Culter have in cmmn?
A．Bth admire harvesting machines.B．Bth are frm the same nvel.
C．Bth recnnect with the city.D．Bth find sciable values again.
40．What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．Wendell Berry: adaptatin t new envirnmentsB．Wendell Berry: a strng vice fr mdern farming
C．Wendell Berry: jurney t his shining rural talesD．Wendell Berry: a yung prductive writer
【答案】37．A 38．B 39．D 40．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Wendell Berry搬到农村去住，他觉得记录这个地方的历史是他内心的召唤。在此期间他创作了许多作品，在贝里先生看来，人类必须爱护赋予他们生命的地球。他认为资本主义使农业与文化分离，使人与自然分离。
37．细节理解题。根据第一段“Wendell Berry was almst 30 when he packed up his life as a writer in New Yrk and mved t Prt Ryal, a tiny cmmunity in Kentucky where generatins f his frebears (祖先) had farmed the land. His friends thught he was mad.(Wendell Berry快30岁时结束了他在纽约的作家生涯，搬到了肯塔基州的一个小社区——罗亚尔港，他的祖先几代人都在这里耕种。他的朋友们都认为他疯了)”可知，贝里先生的朋友们认为他疯了因为他搬到农村去住了。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段“In The Unsettling f America, published in 1977, Mr Berry criticized the natural damage caused by large agribusinesses. He thinks capitalism has separated farming frm culture and discnnected peple frm nature.(在1977年出版的《美国的不安》一书中，贝瑞批评了大型农业综合企业造成的自然破坏。他认为资本主义使农业与文化分离，使人与自然分离)”可知，贝里先生的作品通常暗示了人与自然的和谐。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In Dismemberment, a shrt stry, Andy Catlett lses a hand t a harvesting machine and becmes a lner. He sees his withdrawal is mistaken and recnnects with the twn, finding “the wealth f the family histry in his ancestral place (祖籍)”. In Hannah Culter, Mr Berry’s seventh nvel, the main character Hannah Culter grws ld after a sad life and anticipates lneliness when her children leave t find wrk in the city. Instead, her hpe is restred when her grandsn returns t run the farm.(在短篇小说《肢解》中，安迪·卡特利特被收割机夺去了一只手，成为了一个孤独的人。他发现自己的撤退是错误的，并重新与小镇联系起来，发现“祖籍的家族历史财富”。在贝瑞先生的第七部小说《汉娜·库尔特》中，主人公汉娜·库尔特在经历了一段悲伤的生活后变老，并预料到当她的孩子们去城市找工作时，她会感到孤独。相反，当她的孙子回来经营农场时，她的希望又恢复了)”可知，卡特利特和库尔特的共同点在于两者都重新找到了社交价值。故选D。
40．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“These stries ffer insightful advice fr readers living thrugh eclgical disaster. Thugh few can return t farming basics, Mr Berry’s messages f building cmmunities, being a gd neighbur and resisting the invitatin f mdern life are still valuable. Besides, his missin t find the “peace f wild things” is easily cmpleted by spending a few hurs in Prt William.(这些故事为生活在生态灾难中的读者提供了深刻的建议。虽然很少有人能回到农耕的基础，但贝瑞先生所传达的建立社区、做一个好邻居以及抵制现代生活邀请的信息仍然很有价值。此外，他的使命是寻找“野生动物的宁静”，只需在威廉港呆上几个小时就能轻松完成)”结合文章主要讲述了Wendell Berry搬到农村去住，他觉得记录这个地方的历史是他内心的召唤。在此期间他创作了许多作品，在贝里先生看来，人类必须爱护赋予他们生命的地球。他认为资本主义使农业与文化分离，使人与自然分离。可知，C选项“温德尔·贝里：他光辉的乡村故事之旅”最符合文章标题。故选C。
11.（2023·重庆·高三重庆市第十一中学校校考期中）
Octpuses (章鱼)are clur-blind and they use camera-like eyes t detect light plarisatin (偏振) instead. Light plarisatin refers t the plane(平面) at which light waves travel. Unplarised light waves travel frward in every plane, while plarised light nly travels in ne plane. Measuring the effects f light plarisatin n animal respnses is arduus, but University f Bristl researchers develped a technlgy that made this a lt easier.
Althugh it was knwn that ctpuses can detect light plarisatin, the study is the first t shw that ctpuses have the highest sensitivity t the plarisatin f light, cmpared t any ther animal tested s far.
“We knew that ctpuses, like many marine (海洋的) species, culd see patterns in plarised light much like we see clur, but we had n idea that they culd d s when the light was 2% plarised—that was exciting, but even mre unexpected was when we then tested humans and fund that they were able t perceive patterns when the light was 24% plarised,”said lead researcher Prfessr Shelby Temple.
This discvery led t the develpment f a new medical device that can quickly and easily screen peple fr lw macular pigments (黄斑色素), a strng risk factr fr develping age-related macular degeneratin (AMD). AMD is the mst cmmn cause f incurable blindness, which nrmally affects peple in their 50s and 60s.
This new device pens the dr t the regular screening f patients, enabling eye care prfessinals t better identify and suggest apprpriate lifestyle chices t peple at mre risk f develping AMD．Early screening fr macular pigment levels wuld empwer patients t take better care f their eyes by making lifestyle chices, such as eating mre fruits and vegetables, and wearing sunglasses.
41．What des the underlined wrd “arduus” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．Adventurus.B．Necessary.C．Cnventinal.D．Labrius.
42．Which f the fllwing greatly surprised the researchers accrding t Temple?
A．Octpuses culd perceive patterns in plarised light.
B．Humans culd see clur much like ctpuses saw patterns.
C．Humans culd see patterns when the light was 24% plarised.
D．Octpuses culd perceive clur when the light was 2% plarised.
43．What des the last paragraph mainly tell us abut the new device?
A．Its practical significance.B．Its widespread ppularity.
C．The reasns fr imprving it.D．The prcess f emplying it.
44．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Octpus-like Devices Influence ur Lifestyle Chices
B．Octpuses’ Camera-like Eyes Detect Light Plarisatin
C．Octpus-inspired Innvatin Helps Fight Human Sight Lss
D．Octpuses’ Unique Characteristics Attract Attentin
【答案】41．D 42．C 43．A 44．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲对章鱼研究导致了一种检测低黄斑色素新的医疗设备的开发，从而更能帮助保护眼睛。
41．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Measuring the effects f light plarisatin n animal respnses is arduus, but University f Bristl researchers develped a technlgy that made this a lt easier. (测量光偏振对动物反应的影响是 ，但布里斯托尔大学的研究人员开发了一种技术，使这项工作变得容易得多。)”可知，新技术让工作容易多了，那说明原本这工作是很困难的，所以猜测arduus表“困难的”，与D项Labrius(费力的)意义一致。故选D项。
42．细节理解题。由文章第三段“We knew that ctpuses, like many marine (海洋的) species, culd see patterns in plarised light much like we see clur, but we had n idea that they culd d s when the light was 2% plarised—that was exciting, but even mre unexpected was when we then tested humans and fund that they were able t perceive patterns when the light was 24% plarised, (我们知道章鱼和许多海洋物种一样，可以在偏振光中看到图案，就像我们看到颜色一样，但我们不知道当光偏振2%时它们可以看到图案——这很令人兴奋，但更出乎意料的是，当我们测试人类时，发现当光偏振24%时，他们能够感知图案，)”可知，研究人员很惊讶当光线偏振24%时，人类可以看到图案。故选C项。
43．主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“This new device pens the dr t the regular screening f patients, enabling eye care prfessinals t better identify and suggest apprpriate lifestyle chices t peple at mre risk f develping AMD. Early screening fr macular pigment levels wuld empwer patients t take better care f their eyes by making lifestyle chices, such as eating mre fruits and vegetables, and wearing sunglasses. (这种新设备为定期筛查患者打开了大门，使眼科护理专业人员能够更好地识别和建议更容易患AMD的人选择适当的生活方式。黄斑色素水平的早期筛查将使患者能够通过选择生活方式，如多吃水果和蔬菜，戴太阳镜，更好地照顾自己的眼睛。)”可知，本段主要讲该设备实际的作用和意义。故选A项。
44．主旨大意题。由文章第四段“This discvery led t the develpment f a new medical device that can quickly and easily screen peple fr lw macular pigments(黄斑色素), a strng risk factr fr develping age-related macular degeneratin (AMD). AMD is the mst cmmn cause f incurable blindness, which nrmally affects peple in their 50s and 60s. (这一发现导致了一种新的医疗设备的开发，该设备可以快速方便地对人们进行低黄斑色素筛查，这是患老年性黄斑变性（AMD）的一个重要风险因素。AMD是导致不治之症的最常见原因，通常影响50多岁和60多岁的人。)”以及上下文可知，文章主要讲对章鱼研究导致了一种检测低黄斑色素新的医疗设备的开发，从而更能帮助保护眼睛。所以C项Octpus-inspired Innvatin Helps Fight Human Sight Lss(章鱼启发的创新有助于对抗人类视力下降)符合语境。故选C项。
12.（2023·重庆·高三重庆市第十一中学校校考期中）
We ften share images r thughts n scial netwrks. Nw, researchers at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) have develped an algrithm (算法) that can analyse the cntent peple pst nline.
Accrding t William Glasser’s Chice Thery, there are five basic needs: Survival, Pwer, Freedm, Belnging and Fun. “These needs even have an influence n the images we chse t uplad t ur Instagram page,” explained Mhammad Mahdi Dehshibi, a researcher at the UOC．
The research team has spent tw years wrking n a deep-learning mdel that identifies the five needs described by Glasser. Fr the study, which has been published in the jurnal IEEE Transactins n Affective Cmputing, the researchers analyzed 86 Instagram prfiles, in bth Spanish and Persian (波斯语), and develped an algrithm t identify the cntent f the images and categrize textual cntent by assigning different labels.
Glasser’s thery argues that each chice users make n scial media des nt respnd t just ne basic need — the multi-label apprach f this study helps t clear it up. Dehshibi uses an example t explain this: “Imagine that a cyclist is riding up a muntain, and at the tp, he can chse between sharing a selfie (自拍照) and a grup pht. If he chses the selfie, we perceive a need fr Pwer, but if he chses the ther ptin, we can cnclude that the persn is nt nly lking fr Fun but als a way t satisfy his need fr Belnging.”
“Studying data frm scial netwrks that belng t nn-English-speaking users culd help build inclusive and diverse tls and mdels fr addressing mental health prblems in peple with diverse cultural backgrunds,” Dehshibi adds.
The research team believe that their study can help imprve preventive measures, ranging frm identificatin t imprved treatment when a persn has been diagnsed (诊断) with a mental health disrder.
Back in 2019, University f Vermnt researchers develped an artificial-intelligence-based system that can detect signs f anxiety in the speech patterns f yung children. Meanwhile, cmputer scientists frm the University f Alberta, Canada, have develped algrithms that can detect and identify depressin thrugh peple’s vices.
45．What can the algrithm be used t d?
A．Intrducing William Glasser’s Chice Thery.
B．Creating different databases fr the research team.
C．Identifying users’ basic needs frm the cntent they share nline.
D．Giving peple a tl t pst images r thughts n scial netwrks.
46．Hw des Dehshibi present his idea in Paragraph 4?
A．By prviding data.B．By making cmparisns.
C．By quting sayings.D．By giving examples.
47．What des the research team think f their study?
A．It can suggest ways t imprve scial netwrks.
B．It is useful in handling mental health prblems.
C．It is helpful in changing nline users’ bad habits.
D．It can link peple with diverse cultural backgrunds tgether.
48．What des the authr intend t d in the last paragraph?
A．Summarize the previus paragraphs.B．Prvide sme advice fr the readers.
C．Add sme backgrund infrmatin.D．Intrduce a new tpic fr discussin.
【答案】45．C 46．D 47．B 48．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述加泰罗尼亚Oberta大学研究人员开发了一种算法，可以从用户在社交网络上分享的文本和图像中发现其可能存在的心理健康问题。
45．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nw, researchers at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) have develped an algrithm (算法) that can analyse the cntent peple pst nline.(现在，加泰罗尼亚Oberta大学（UOC）的研究人员开发了一种算法，可以分析人们在网上发布的内容)”和第三段中“The research team has spent tw years wrking n a deep-learning mdel that identifies the five needs described by Glasser.(研究团队花了两年时间研究一个深度学习模型，该模型可以识别Glasser描述的五种需求)”可知，该算法被用来从用户在线分享的内容中识别用户的基本需求。故选C。
46．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Glasser’s thery argues that each chice users make n scial media des nt respnd t just ne basic need — the multi-label apprach f this study helps t clear it up. Dehshibi uses an example t explain this(Glasser的理论认为，用户在社交媒体上做出的每一个选择都不仅仅是对一种基本需求的回应——这项研究的多标签方法有助于理清这个问题。Dehshibi用了一个例子来解释这一点)”可推知，Glasser是通过举例来说明他的观点。故选D。
47．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The research team believe that their study can help imprve preventive measures, ranging frm identificatin t imprved treatment when a persn has been diagnsed (诊断) with a mental health disrder.(研究小组认为，他们的研究可以帮助改善预防措施，从识别到改善治疗，当一个人被诊断患有精神健康障碍时)”可推知，研究团队认为他们的研究对处理心理健康问题很有用。故选B。
48．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Back in 2019, University f Vermnt researchers develped an artificial-intelligence-based system that can detect signs f anxiety in the speech patterns f yung children. Meanwhile, cmputer scientists frm the University f Alberta, Canada, have develped algrithms that can detect and identify depressin thrugh peple’s vices.(早在2019年，佛蒙特大学的研究人员就开发了一种基于人工智能的系统，可以从幼儿的语言模式中检测出焦虑的迹象。与此同时，加拿大阿尔伯塔大学的计算机科学家开发了一种算法，可以通过人们的声音来检测和识别抑郁症)”可知，该段提到两个例子与研究人员开发的算法类似。由此可知，最后一段作者是用来补充说明背景信息的。故选C。
13.（2023·四川德阳·统考一模）
Bird expert James Zk has been cllecting recrds n nearly 430 kinds f trpical birds n farms and natural frests in Central America fr 18 years. While birds d best in natural rainfrests, Zk said sme species usually fund in frests can establish ppulatins in “diversified farms”.
“In these diversified farms, yu see grwth ver the lng term in bird species with specialized needs, which include safe and prtected areas frm the sun fr birds t build their hmes and different kinds f fd surces. Besides, that kind f farming is very different t industrial agriculture r agriculture where nly ne crp like pineapple r bananas are planted,” said Nichlas Hendersht in a recent study.
University f Califrnia envirnmental scientist Natalia Ocamp-Penuela, wh was nt invlved in the study, ntes that the research prvides rare detailed data ver a lng perid, demnstrating that diversified farming can supprt frest bird ppulatins.
The study reveals that 75 percent f the 305 bird species fund in diversified farms shwed stable r grwing ppulatins ver the study perid. This includes birds like the cllared aracari and members f the manakin family knwn fr their cmplex mating dances.
Smithsnian Migratry Bird Center scientist Ruth Bennett, althugh nt invlved in the research, said, “It’s a huge cntributin t have dcumented that sme birds aren’t just ging there, but staying there and ppulatins are grwing.”
Still, such safe envirnments, called habitats, d nt balance ut verall ppulatin lsses frm the creatin f large industrial farms frm natural frests, the writers warned. Zk cmpared a large pineapple farm t a “bird desert.”
Increasingly, scientists say saving species will require paying attentin t areas affected by humans, nt just untuched areas. Ocamp-Penuela says that cnservatin effrts shuld extend beynd prtected areas t areas where sme species can live.
49．What des Nichlas Hendersht say abut diversified farms?
A．They nly prvide prtected areas fr nesting.
B．They supprt the lng-term grwth f bird species.
C．They are mre beneficial than natural rainfrests fr birds.
D．They are essential fr the survival f endangered bird species.
50．What des Zk fcus n in the study?
A．The impact f industrial agriculture n bird ppulatins.
B．The life patterns f trpical birds in natural rainfrests.
C．The ppulatin grwth f bird species in diversified farms.
D．The cmplex mating dances f birds in natural rainfrests.
51．What can we infer abut large industrial farms in Paragraph 6?
A．They prtect bird ppulatins frm human activities.
B．They have n negative impact n bird ppulatins.
C．They ffer bird ppulatins safe envirnments.
D．They lead t the decline f bird ppulatins.
52．Where des the passage g next?
A．Reasns fr the lss f bird ppulatin in the frest.
B．Measures t save bird species in agricultural areas.
C．Ways t prevent human destructin t farms.
D．Facilities fr all kinds f diversified farms.
【答案】49．B 50．C 51．D 52．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述一项研究发现，拥有天然树木和遮挡阳光的多样化农场可以为一些鸟类种群提供庇护之地。
49．细节理解题。根据第二段中Nichlas Hendersht说的话“In these diversified farms, yu see grwth ver the lng term in bird species with specialized needs, which include safe and prtected areas frm the sun fr birds t build their hmes and different kinds f fd surces.(在这些多样化的农场里，你会看到有特殊需求的鸟类物种在较长时间内会增长，其中包括不被太阳晒到的安全庇护之地，供鸟类建造家园，以及不同种类的食物来源)”可知，他认为多样化的农场为鸟类的长期增长提供支持，故选B。
50．细节理解题。根据第一段中“While birds d best in natural rainfrests, Zk said sme species usually fund in frests can establish ppulatins in ‘diversified farms’.(虽然鸟类在天然雨林中生存繁殖最好，但Zk说，一些通常发现于森林中的物种可以在‘多样化农场’中建立种群)”可知，Zk在研究中主要关注多样化农场中鸟类物种的增长情况，故选C。
51．推理判断题。根据第六段中“Still, such safe envirnments, called habitats, d nt balance ut verall ppulatin lsses frm the creatin f large industrial farms frm natural frests, the writers warned.(尽管如此，作者警告说，这种被称为栖息地的安全环境并不能平衡从天然林中建立大型工业化农场所带来的总体数量损失)”可知，大型工业化农场会导致鸟类数量的减少，故选D。
52．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Increasingly, scientists say saving species will require paying attentin t areas affected by humans, nt just untuched areas. Ocamp-Penuela says that cnservatin effrts shuld extend beynd prtected areas t areas where sme species can live.(科学家们越来越多地表示，拯救物种需要关注受到人类影响的地区，而不仅仅是未受影响的地区。Ocamp-Penuela说，保护工作应该从保护区扩展到一些物种可以生活的地方)”可知，拯救鸟类物种需要关注受到人类影响的地区，保护工作应该从保护区扩展到一些物种可以生活的地方，故文章接下来应是谈论在农业区拯救鸟类物种的措施，故选B。
14.（2023·宁夏·高三石嘴山市第三中学校考开学考试）
Sugar-free ckies, reduced-sugar cereal, sugar-free candy, diet sda... are these better fr yu? Since sugar became a tab (禁忌) in the nutritin and wellness wrld, sugar-free fd items and drinks have acted as alternatives fr nce belved sweet drinks and snacks. Claiming t be ZERO sugar means it is healthier, better fr diabetics, and helps yu slim dwn... Right?
In fact, sugar-free is wrse. Sugar-free means that artificial sweeteners (甜味剂) are used instead f real sugar. The prblem: these sweeteners d nt cme frm natural surces and they can cause yu mre harm than gd.
Let’s get int what these artificial sweeteners actually are. Sugar-free sugar sunds wrng and that’s because there is n such thing as sugar-free sugar. Sme f these sugar-free alternatives still cntain sugar and the nes that dn’t cntain sugar have chemicals yur bdy ften des nt knw hw t prcess.
Mst artificial sweeteners are a lt sweeter than sugar, s nly a tiny amunt is needed. That’s why they can market sugar-free alternatives as “lw-calrie” r “n-calrie”. It als means that yu get n nutritinal value frm cnsuming them, which is why many sugar-free substitutes are classified as “nn-nutritive”. These artificial sweeteners tend t hide under sneaky names. Actually, they are 200-600 times sweeter than sugar.
When yu eat sweet stuff, yur bdy cntinues t desire it and, even thugh yur bdy cannt metablize (代谢) these sugar-free alternatives, yur brain des nt knw the difference. In turn, sugar-free alternatives cnnect t weight gain and type 2 diabetes (糖尿病).
Artificial sweeteners als damage yur gut’s ability t break dwn sugar, which impacts everything yu eat. In ther wrds, yur bdy desn’t knw hw t handle artificial sweeteners because they have nthing real t prcess.
A gd rule f thumb: stay away frm artificial sweeteners and lk fr nn-sugar, natural sweeteners like Stevia r date sugar. In the war against artificial sweeteners and real sugar, bth lse. Satisfy yur sweet tth with natural sugars that cme frm fruits and stay away frm prducts claiming t be sugar-free r diet!
53．Why are sugar-free alternatives described as “lw-calrie” r “n-calrie”?
A．They wn’t lead t weight gain.
B．They are greener and healthier.
C．They are much t everyne’s taste.
D．Small quantities f artificial sweeteners are used.
54．What d we knw abut artificial sweeteners?
A．They present a bigger health risk.
B．They can be easily brken dwn.
C．They are as sweet as sugar.
D．They imprve ur ability t metablize.
55．What is the authr’s final cnclusin?
A．Real sugar is a better chice.
B．Stay away frm sugary prducts.
C．Sugar-free prducts are healthier.
D．Chse sugar frm natural surces.
【答案】53．D 54．A 55．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文，如今市场上充斥着各种“无糖食品”和“无糖饮料”，它们对我们的健康究竟有着怎样的影响呢？
53．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Mst artificial sweeteners are a lt sweeter than sugar, s nly a tiny amunt is needed. That’s why they can market sugar-free alternatives as ‘lw-calrie’ r ‘n-calrie’.(大多数人造甜味剂比糖甜得多，所以只需要少量。这就是为什么他们可以将无糖替代品推销为‘低卡路里’或‘无卡路里’)”可知，由于人工甜味剂甜度非常高，所以其用量非常小，因此商家将其“无糖产品”标榜为“低卡路里”或“零卡路里”。故选D。
54．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“In turn, sugar-free alternatives cnnect t weight gain and type 2 diabetes (糖尿病).(反过来，无糖替代品会导致体重增加和2型糖尿病)”以及倒数第二段中“Artificial sweeteners als damage yur gut’s ability t break dwn sugar, which impacts everything yu eat.(人工甜味剂还会损害肠道分解糖的能力，从而影响你吃的所有东西)”可知，这些所谓的“无糖产品”中含有的人工甜味剂会导致肥胖和糖尿病，还会损害肠道分解糖的能力，因此是更大的健康隐患。故选A。
55．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A gd rule f thumb: stay away frm artificial sweeteners and lk fr nn-sugar, natural sweeteners like Stevia r date sugar.(一个很好的经验法则：远离人造甜味剂，寻找无糖的天然甜味剂，如甜菊糖或枣糖)”可知，作者认为，人工甜味剂不是好的选择，危害大；喜欢甜食者最好的选择是摄取自然的糖分——比如来自水果的糖。故选D。
15.（2023·陕西安康·高三统考期末）
A new study reveals that trees can cmmunicate and warn each ther f danger. “Fr the first time, researchers have been able t visualize plant-t-plant cmmunicatin,” said Masatsugu, senir authr f the study.
The idea f talking trees started t take rt in the 1980s. Tw scientists fund that damaged trees began prducing chemicals that made their leaves unappetizing and indigestible t discurage insects. The trees then sent chemical signals t ne anther thrugh the air. Over the past fur decades, scientists have bserved this cell-t-cell cmmunicatin in mre than 30 plant species.
Past research shws plants cmmunicate with their surrundings by releasing chemicals knwn as vlatile (易挥发的) rganic cmpunds. One class f these cmpunds are released when a plant is injured: green leafy vlatiles. These are released by, as the name suggests, pretty much every green plant with leaves, and are prduced when a plant experiences physical damage. An example f these cmpunds is the smell released frm fresh-cut grass.
In the new study, Masatsugu and his clleagues manually damaged leaves and placed insects n tmat plants t trigger the release f varius green leafy vlatiles. After testing many f them, the team fund it seemed t increase calcium ins (钙离子) inside cells. The calcium signaling is like a switch t turn n the defense respnses frm the plants.
With this new understanding, researchers say plants culd be immunized against threats and stressrs befre they even happen. Fr instance, expsing healthy plants t insect-ridden plants r the assciated green leafy vlatiles culd bst their genetic defenses, s farmers use less pesticides. The revelatin culd als help make plants mre resilient (有复原力的) during a drught, signaling the plants t cnserve mre water.
56．What des the new research find?
A．Trees can infrm ther trees f ptential threats.B．Trees can make themselves attractive.
C．Trees will send signals first nce damaged.D．Trees will wrk tgether t trick insects.
57．What can be learnt abut green leafy vlatiles?
A．They defend insects.B．They kill insects.
C．Sme f them can be smelt.D．Sme f them can be seen.
58．Hw was the study carried ut by Masatsugu?
A．By prtecting trees frm insects.B．By classifying green leafy vlatiles.
C．By increasing calcium ins inside cells.D．By causing the release f certain chemicals.
59．What aspect f the new study des the last paragraph fcus n?
A．Its target.B．Its prcess.C．Its applicatin,D．Its backgrund.
【答案】56．A 57．C 58．D 59．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现——树木之间可以相互交流并警告彼此有危险。
56．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A new study reveals that trees can cmmunicate and warn each ther f danger.(一项新的研究表明，树木可以相互交流并发出危险警告)”可知，研究发现树木可以告知其他树木潜在的威胁。故选A项。
57．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“One class f these cmpunds are released when a plant is injured: green leafy vlatiles. These are released by, as the name suggests, pretty much every green plant with leaves, and are prduced when a plant experiences physical damage. An example f these cmpunds is the smell released frm fresh-cut grass.(其中一类化合物是在植物受伤时释放出来的：绿叶挥发物。顾名思义，这些物质是由几乎每一种有叶子的绿色植物释放的，是在植物受到物理损伤时产生的。这些化合物的一个例子是新鲜割草释放出的气味)”可知，一些绿叶挥发物可以被闻到。故选C项。
58．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In the new study, Masatsugu and his clleagues manually damaged leaves and placed insects n tmat plants t trigger the release f varius green leafy vlatiles. (在这项新的研究中，Masatsugu和他的同事手动损坏叶片，并将昆虫放在番茄植株上，以引发各种绿叶挥发物的释放)”可知，研究人员通过引发某些化学物质的释放来进行研究。故选D项。
59．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“With this new understanding, researchers say plants culd be immunized against threats and stressrs befre they even happen. Fr instance, expsing healthy plants t insect-ridden plants r the assciated green leafy vlatiles culd bst their genetic defenses, s farmers use less pesticides. The revelatin culd als help make plants mre resilient during a drught, signaling the plants t cnserve mre water.(研究人员表示，有了这一新的认识，植物甚至可以在威胁和压力发生之前就对其进行免疫。例如，将健康的植物暴露在昆虫肆虐的植物或相关的绿叶挥发物中，可以增强它们的基因防御能力，因此农民使用更少的杀虫剂。这一发现也可能有助于植物更能适应干旱，向植物发出信号以储存更多的水)”可知，本段主要讲述了这个新发现的应用。故选C项。
16.（2023·江西宜春·高三江西省宜丰中学校考阶段练习）
I’m used t seeing small leaps in technlgical prgress, but ccasinally, there are things that will still shck me. At the end f last year, a cmpany called OpenAI released a truly jaw-drpping demnstratin f a new AI technlgy that feels almst like technlgy has skipped ahead by a few generatins.
This new AI technlgy is called ChatGPT, a cmputer prgram that can understand and respnd t human language. It is trained n a lt f text, s it can understand what peple are saying and respnd in a way that sunds like a real persn. What’s even mre amazing is that ChatGPT seems frighteningly human in its ability t understand questins and answer them cmpetently. “Write a stry abut Lenard da Vinci in the style f Rald Dahl,” yu can ask it, and it’ll spin up a pretty gd children’s stry.
One area where I’ve fund ChatGPT t be enrmusly useful is its ability t write cmputer cde. This has particularly amazed me as unlike the English language, when yu write cde it has t be very precise and carefully structured – but when I asked it t write me a prgram that wuld put sme data int a database fr me, in a particularly cmplex way, within secnds it generated smething that wuld have taken me hurs t d manually (人工地).
ChatGPT isn’t cmpletely human, hwever. Fr example, it smetimes generates things that sund true, but are actually just nnsense. This is because f the way the AI learns thrugh pattern recgnitin. There’s n real intelligence perating there – it is just repeating smething based n what it has “read” befre. ChatGPT is better at sme tasks than thers: it can write a brilliant invitatin email, but its ability t rhyme leaves a lt t be desired.
And this is why I’m pretty cnvinced that ChatGPT is ging t change the wrld, sner rather than later. It’s already hugely impressive, but what exists at the mment is just a demnstratin. Once the same AI is built int ther apps and can cnnect t the live internet t learn mre, it will becme even mre sphisticated. Our cmputers will n lnger be just ur wrd prcessrs, but ur writing partners t.
60．What can we learn abut ChatGPT frm the secnd paragraph?
A．It can talk t peple with emtin.
B．It seems like having a cnversatin with a real persn.
C．It is unable t generate riginal cntent.
D．What it can d frightens many peple.
61．Which aspect abut ChatGPT’s ability t generate respnses des the authr feel t be particularly useful?
A．Its efficiency.B．Its precisin.C．Its structure.D．Its diversity.
62．What des paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A．AI cannt think the same way as humans d.
B．There’s n real intelligence in the wrld.
C．ChatGPT has sme limitatins.
D．ChatGPT is better than ther chatbt AI.
63．What is the authr’s attitude tward ChatGPT?
A．Optimistic.B．Wrried.C．Dubtful.D．Cnservative.
【答案】60．B 61．A 62．C 63．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对ChatGPT的优势、缺陷和前景进行了介绍。
60．推理判断题。根据第二段“It is trained n a lt f text, s it can understand what peple are saying and respnd in a way that sunds like a real persn. What’s even mre amazing is that ChatGPT seems frighteningly human in its ability t understand questins and answer them cmpetently.”（它接受了大量文本的训练，所以它能理解人们在说什么，并以一种听起来像真人的方式做出回应。更令人惊讶的是，ChatGPT在理解问题和正确回答问题方面的能力似乎非常人性化。）可推断出，从第二段中我们可以了解到和ChatGPT交流就像在和一个真实的人交谈。故选B项。
61．细节理解题。根据第三段“This has particularly amazed me as unlike the English language, when yu write cde it has t be very precise and carefully structured – but when I asked it t write me a prgram that wuld put sme data int a database fr me, in a particularly cmplex way, within secnds it generated smething that wuld have taken me hurs t d manually (人工地).”（这让我特别惊讶，因为不像英语，当你写代码时，它必须非常精确和仔细地结构化——但是当我要求它为我写一个程序，以一种特别复杂的方式将一些数据输入数据库时，它在几秒钟内生成了一些我手动需要几个小时才能完成的东西。）可知，关于ChatGPT生成响应的能力，作者觉得它的效率特别有作用。故选A项。
62．主旨大意题。根据第四段“ChatGPT isn’t cmpletely human, hwever. Fr example, it smetimes generates things that sund true, but are actually just nnsense.”（然而，ChatGPT并不完全是人类。例如，它有时生成的东西听起来是真的，但实际上只是无稽之谈。）可知，第四段主要谈的是ChatGPT的局限性。故选C项。
63．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And this is why I’m pretty cnvinced that ChatGPT is ging t change the wrld, sner rather than later.”（这就是为什么我非常确信ChatGPT迟早会改变世界。）可推断出，作者对ChatGPT持乐观态度。故选A项。
17.（2023·重庆·高三重庆市育才中学校联考）
The future is electric. That means it will need a lt f batteries, mtrs and wires. That, in turn, means a lt f minerals with which t build them. Great times, then, fr prspectrs (探矿者), and particularly fr any wh think they can increase the efficiency f their prfessin. Several firms are applying artificial intelligence t the prcess, bth t imprve the pssibility f mining and t detect undergrund re (矿石) bdies that are invisible t current techniques.
KBld Metals in Califrnia, Earth Al in San Francisc and Verai in Bstn are small fish at the mment But at least ne bigger fish-Ri Tint, an Australian-British firm-is als keen. They are gathering lts f gelgical (地质的), gechemical and gephysical data t feed sftware mdels. These, they hpe, will spt patterns and draw inferences abut where t sink new mines. Sme f the data are new. But a lt were kept in the archives (档案室) f natinal gelgical surveys and jurnals f gelgy r sat in the frm f rck cres in varius sheds arund the wrld.
KBld has transfrmed archive data frm arund the wrld, many f which are n paper and sme f which g back t the 19th century, int machine-usable frm. That has permitted it t build maps f areas f interest all ver Earth’s surface Sme f thse maps are used t train the cmpany’s Al mdels. Others are used t test thse Al mdels’ effectiveness by checking hw gd they are at predicting knwn re depsits (矿藏) n maps that they have nt previusly seen. If they pass, they can be let lse n (放手做) under-explred places f interest and suggest the mst effective places t drill. Thanks t that, last year KBld annunced its discvery f’ a rich cpper depsit, in Zambia.
In spite f the success, Kurt Huse, KBld’s bss, bserves that many f the explratin prjects fail t turn int actual mines. AI therefre has plenty f rm t imprve. Hwever, by greatly expanding the vlume f rck which can be searched, it will enable new mining in ur wn cuntries, lessening the need t rely n ther cuntries fr future supplies.
64．Why is it great times fr prspectrs?
A．There is a high demand fr plenty f minerals.
B．They want t increase their wrking efficiency.
C．There are many invisible undergrund re bdies.
D．They can use AI t imprve the pssibility f mining.
65．Which f the fllwing is nt the data that the firms cllect?
A．Newly cllected gelgical data.B．Gelgical data in the archives.
C．Data in the frm f rck cres.D．Data abut the sftware mdels.
66．Hw did KBld discver the rich cpper depsit last year?
A．By transfrming machine-usable archive data.
B．By building maps f all the knwn re depsits.
C．By using AI mdels trained with maps f’ mines.
D．By drilling the under-explred places f interest.
67．What des Kurt Huse suggest in the last paragraph?
A．We can fully rely n AI t lcate actual mines.
B．AI culd help imprve mineral explratin.
C．Al will help increase the number f re depsits.
D．We shuld jin ther cuntries n new mining.
【答案】64．A 65．D 66．C 67．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在矿产勘探领域的应用，特别是如何通过机器学习模型来提高矿产勘探的效率和准确性。
64．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The future is electric. That means it will need a lt f batteries, mtrs and wires. That, in turn, means a lt f minerals with which t build them. Great times, then, fr prspectrs (探矿者), and particularly fr any wh think they can increase the efficiency f their prfessin.(未来是电动的。这意味着它将需要大量的电池、马达和电线。反过来，这意味着需要大量的矿物来建造它们。因此，对探矿者来说，尤其是对那些认为自己可以提高行业效率的人来说，这是一个大好时期。)”可知，由于未来是电动的，所以需要大量的电池、马达和电线，而这也意味着需要大量的矿物来建造它们，所以现在是探矿者的大好时机。故选A。
65．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They are gathering lts f gelgical (地质的), gechemical and gephysical data t feed sftware mdels. These, they hpe, will spt patterns and draw inferences abut where t sink new mines. Sme f the data are new. But a lt were kept in the archives (档案室) f natinal gelgical surveys and jurnals f gelgy r sat in the frm f rck cres in varius sheds arund the wrld.(他们正在收集大量的地质、地球化学和地球物理数据，为软件模型提供数据。他们希望，这将发现模式，并推断出在哪里埋设新地雷。其中一些数据是新的。但很多都保存在国家地质调查档案和地质期刊中，或者以岩芯的形式保存在世界各地的各个棚子里。)”可知，选项A、B和C都是公司收集的数据。而选项D“By drilling the under-explred places f interest.(关于软件模型的数据。)”未提及。故选D。
66．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Others are used t test thse Al mdels’ effectiveness by checking hw gd they are at predicting knwn re depsits (矿藏) n maps that they have nt previusly seen. If they pass, they can be let lse n (放手做) under-explred places f interest and suggest the mst effective places t drill. Thanks t that, last year KBld annunced its discvery f’ a rich cpper depsit, in Zambia.(其他地图被用来测试这些 AI 模型的效率，方法是检查它们在预测未见过的地图上的已知矿藏方面的表现如何。如果它们通过测试，它们将被用于探索未开发的地方，并提出最有效的钻探地点。由于这一点，去年 KBld 宣布在赞比亚发现了一个富铜矿床。)”可知，KBld 公司使用人工智能模型进行矿产勘探，而其中一部分地图被用来训练这些 AI 模型，从而发现了一个富铜矿床。故选C。
67．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In spite f the success, Kurt Huse, KBld’s bss, bserves that many f the explratin prjects fail t turn int actual mines. AI therefre has plenty f rm t imprve. Hwever, by greatly expanding the vlume f rck which can be searched, it will enable new mining in ur wn cuntries, lessening the need t rely n ther cuntries fr future supplies.(尽管取得了成功，但 KBld 公司的老板 Kurt Huse 认为，许多勘探项目最终并没有转化为实际的矿山。因此，人工智能还有很大的改进空间。然而，通过大大增加可以被搜索的岩石量，人工智能将能够开启矿产勘探的新篇章。)”可知，Kurt Huse认为人工智能将能够开启矿产勘探的新篇章。故选B。
18.（2023·江苏无锡·高三校联考阶段练习）
Yu’re in the shwer. Yu grab the shwerhead. What d yu d? Yu sing.
Have yu ever wndered abut this phenmenn? Sme f us wuldn’t sing in public if smene paid us. Yet we’ll sing in the shwer withut embarrassment. Believe it r nt, there’s a scientific explanatin behind it.
First, let’s lk at why we’re relaxed enugh in the shwer t burst int sng. Think abut it: yu dn’t sing when yu’re sad (unless yu’re singing the blues, f curse). Fr many peple, shwer time is the nly time they’re alne all day. Yu’re in a warm, small, safe envirnment. Yu’re cmfrtable enugh t be yurself! When yu relax, yur brain releases dpamine (多巴胺), which can give yur creative juices an extra kickstart.
Warm water is rushing ver yu, and nw yu’re relaxed and feeling gd. It turns ut that singing makes yu feel even better. Singing, because f the breathing yu put int it, gets mre xygen int the bld. This gives yu better circulatin, which in turn imprves yur bdy and md. And because yu have t breathe a little deeper t belt ut a sng, yu get sme f the same relaxatin and mind-clearing benefits as meditatin (冥想). Anther neat thing is that when yu’re singing, yu really can’t think abut yur prblems—mre stress relief.
But the best thing abut singing in the shwer? The acustics (音响效果)! Yu can never ask fr a better sund system than a bathrm. Because bathrm tiles (墙砖) dn’t absrb sund, yur vice bunces back and frth arund the rm befre fading away, which makes yur vice hang in the air lnger. And because the shwer is a small space, it bsts yur vice, making yur singing sund mre pwerful. S yu will sund better than yu actually are, which is a cnfidence bst.
We dn’t sing in the shwer simply because we have “Call Me Maybe” stuck in ur heads. It turns ut we d it fr many reasns: stress relief, happiness, great acustics, r maybe just because we like t hear ur wn vices. Whatever the reasn, keep it up. It’s gd fr yu. And if yu’ve never tried it, pick a sng, grab the shwerhead and put n yur wn private cncert.
68．Why d many peple feel cmfrtable singing in the shwer?
A．The acustics are perfect in public places.B．Shwer time is relaxing and private.
C．Singing bsts stress levels.D．Shwering imprves vcal abilities.
69．What scientific effect cntributes t the urge t sing in the shwer?
A．Released dpamine due t relaxatin.B．Increased expsure t blues music.
C．Enhanced xygen absrptin frm water.D．Strengthened lung capacity.
70．Why des singing in the shwer help in relieving stress?
A．The bathrm’s small size encurages relaxatin.
B．Breathing while singing imprves circulatin.
C．Singing remves the need fr deep breaths.
D．Tile walls absrb sund and stress.
71．In which part f a website can we prbably read the text?
A．Science.B．Technlgy.C．Culture.D．Peple.
【答案】68．B 69．A 70．B 71．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了洗澡时唱歌的现象和背后的科学解释。研究表明洗澡时唱歌可以释放压力、提高自信和改善心情。
68．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“First, let’s lk at why we’re relaxed enugh in the shwer t burst int sng. Think abut it: yu dn’t sing when yu’re sad (unless yu’re singing the blues, f curse). Fr many peple, shwer time is the nly time they’re alne all day. Yu’re in a warm, small, safe envirnment. Yu’re cmfrtable enugh t be yurself! When yu relax, yur brain releases dpamine(多巴胺), which can give yur creative juices an extra kickstart.(首先，让我们来看看为什么我们在淋浴时足够放松，可以放声高歌。想想看：当你悲伤的时候，你是不会唱歌的(当然，除非你唱的是蓝调)。对很多人来说，淋浴时间是他们一天中唯一独处的时间。你在一个温暖、小而安全的环境里。你很舒服，可以做你自己！当你放松的时候，你的大脑会释放多巴胺，它可以让你的创造力得到额外的启动。)”可知，沐浴时间是一天中独处的时光，是私密的，在这样一个温暖、小而安全的环境里，让你感到放松，从而释放多巴胺，让你舒服，因此沐浴时间唱歌感到舒服是因为这个时候是令人放松并私密的。故选B。
69．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When yu relax, yur brain releases dpamine(多巴胺), which can give yur creative juices an extra kickstart.(当你放松的时候，你的大脑会释放多巴胺，它可以让你的创造力得到额外的启动。)”可知，当人们放松时，大脑会释放多巴胺，这可以给你的创造力带来额外的动力。因此，导致在淋浴时有唱歌的冲动的科学效应是放松会释放的多巴胺，多巴胺会激发创造力。故选A。
70．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Warm water is rushing ver yu, and nw yu’re relaxed and feeling gd. It turns ut that singing makes yu feel even better. Singing, because f the breathing yu put int it, gets mre xygen int the bld. This gives yu better circulatin, which in turn imprves yur bdy and md. And because yu have t breathe a little deeper t belt ut a sng, yu get sme f the same relaxatin and mind-clearing benefits as meditatin (冥想). (温暖的水流过你的身体，现在你很放松，感觉很好。事实证明，唱歌会让你感觉更好。因为你投入的呼吸，唱歌让更多的氧气进入血液。这会让你的血液循环更好，从而改善你的身体和情绪。因为你必须深呼吸才能大声唱出一首歌，所以你得到了和冥想一样的放松和头脑清醒的好处。)”可知，洗澡的时候因为投入的呼吸，会有更多的氧气进入血液，这让我们的血液循环更好，从而得到放松和清醒的头脑，从而有助于缓解压力。故选B。
71．推理判断题。根据文章内容特别是第二段的“Yet we’ll sing in the shwer withut embarrassment. Believe it r nt, there’s a scientific explanatin behind it.(但我们可以在洗澡时唱歌，不会尴尬。信不信由你，这背后是有科学解释的。)”可知，文章主要从科学角度解释了人们在洗澡时唱歌的现象，并解释了背后的科学，由此可知，这篇文章可以从网站的“科学”部分找到。故选A。
19.（2023·江西宜春·高三校联考阶段练习）
What d peple assciate with the Metrplitan Museum f Art called the Met? Fr mst, this New Yrk museum is a treasure trve (宝库) f beautifully-scheduled artistic expressin. After all, its cllectins include 1.5 millin wrks f art frm prehistry t the present.
But since September 9, 2023, as Hyperallergic reprts, the Met is als the setting fr a new, super-creative center fr kids aged 3—11 and their families, named“81st St Studi”, which sets ut t help children understand the materials used t make art. Cming in thrugh the entrance, visitrs see tree trunks, cardbard and a carved wden screen amng ther examples. Visitrs can participate in activities such as wdblck carving and drum making.
Accrding t Heidi Hlder, Chai r f the Met’s educatin department, there’s n cntradictin in this new attempt. She recently said the Met is a science institutin. As she explains, “We have three big parts f urselves: ur scientific research, ur cnservatin and ur art.” As Hlder explains, even when bjects created hundreds f years earlier cme in, a scientific understanding f the materials used will help peple better understand the art itself.
The exhibit is rich with art and science activities t encurage self-expressin. There’re n traditinal glass exhibitin cupbards here. Instead, the 3,500-square-ft center is filled with seven statins that encurage visitrs t explre them using all their senses. As Hlder said, “It’s an pen space where yu can create yur wn path. Yu can learn at yur wn pace. Yu can take risks, be curius, have fun, and discver things.”
A music installatin (装置), fr instance, helps kids understand hw materials influence sund. It cnsists f several creative music-making devices. Curius yung visitrs can pull pen small, drawer like bxes. Fr example, an accrdin lets ut an airy sund as the pening and clsing mtin cmpresses (压缩) the air inside it.
In agreement with its ambitins t serve as a cmmunity center, the 81st St Studi is free t enter fr children and their caregivers, n museum ticket required, during regular Met hurs.
72．What is the purpse f the 81st St Studi?
A．T encurage participatrs t be mre creative.B．T assist children in learning abut art materials.
C．T help children t create sme wrks f art.D．T ask peple t cncentrate n cnservatin.
73．What is Hlder’s attitude twards pening the 81st St Studi?
A．Apprving.B．Negative.C．Uncaring.D．Uncertain.
74．What can we infer frm Hlder’s wrds in paragraph 4?
A．The 81st St Studi has a limited space.B．Kids will be faced with sme difficulties.
C．Lts f exhibits are nt easy t discver.D．Kids are free t explre the 81st St Studi.
75．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．The Met Is Best fr Art EducatinB．Scientific Activities Are Based n Art
C．Art and Science Can Meet fr EducatinD．Artistic Creatin Cmes frm Inspiratin
【答案】72．B 73．A 74．D 75．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大都会艺术博物馆开设的一个以教育为目的的“81号圣工作室”，该工作室把艺术和科学融合在一起。
72．细节理解题。根据第二段“But since September 9, 2023, as Hyperallergic reprts, the Met is als the setting fr a new, super-creative center fr kids aged 3—11 and their families, named“81st St Studi”, which sets ut t help children understand the materials used t make art. (但据Hyperallergic报道，自2023年9月9日以来，大都会博物馆还为3-11岁的孩子及其家人设立了一个新的超级创意中心，名为“81号圣工作室”，旨在帮助孩子们了解用于制作艺术的材料。)”可知，81号圣工作室旨在帮助孩子们了解艺术材料。故选B。
73．推理判断题。根据第三段“Accrding t Heidi Hlder, Chair f the Met’s educatin department, there’s n cntradictin in this new attempt. (大都会教育部门的负责人Heidi Hlder表示，这一新的尝试并不矛盾。)”可推断，Hlder支持开设 81 号圣工作室。故选A。
74．推理判断题。根据第四段“As Hlder said, “It’s an pen space where yu can create yur wn path. Yu can learn at yur wn pace. Yu can take risks, be curius, have fun, and discver things.” (正如霍尔德所说，“这是一个开放的空间，你可以在这里创造自己的道路。你可以按照自己的节奏学习。你可以冒险，保持好奇心，享受乐趣，发现新事物。”)”可推断，孩子们可以自由探索81号圣工作室。故选D。
75．主旨大意题。根据第二段“But since September 9, 2023, as Hyperallergic reprts, the Met is als the setting fr a new, super-creative center fr kids aged 3—11 and their families, named“81st St Studi”, which sets ut t help children understand the materials used t make art. (但据Hyperallergic报道，自2023年9月9日以来，大都会博物馆还为3-11岁的孩子及其家人设立了一个新的超级创意中心，名为“81号圣工作室”，旨在帮助孩子们了解用于制作艺术的材料。)”结合文章主要说明了大都会艺术博物馆开设的一个以教育为目的的“81号圣工作室”把艺术和科学融合在一起。C选项“艺术和科学可以为教育而相遇”最符合文章标题。故选C。
20.（2023·新疆·高三兵团二中校考阶段练习）
Starting in the mid-2010s, the success f streaming services like Sptify, Tencent and Apple Music led the music industry int a perid f steady incme grwth. But the rise f streaming hasn’t just transfrmed the business f music; it has changed the music as well.
In 1972, the Temptatins hit number ne n the Billbard Ht 100 charts, winning three Grammys, with a seven-minute versin f the sng “Papa Was a Rllin’ Stne”. Befre the Temptatins sing a wrd, an instrumental intrductin plays fr mre than fur minutes. If the grup were in the studi tday, the title chrus (副歌) wuld mst likely have been featured much earlier in the sng. That’s because music streaming services pay artists based n the number f plays each mnth, and t cunt as a play, a user must listen t the sng past the 30-secnd mark. If a sng yu’ve never heard befre takes a lng time t get t the hk (旋律最好的部分), there is a gd chance that yu may simply hit the buttn t g t the next sng. T keep the “skip rate (跳过率)” as lw as pssible, musical artists are increasingly mving a sng’s hk t that initial 30-secnd sweet spt.
Every track that is listened t fr mre than 30 secnds cunts as a play, but whether a listener makes it all the way thrugh a sng helps t determine whether a streaming service like Sptify will recmmend similar sngs in the future. Fr a musician, getting a sng n Sptify’s ppular Tday’s Tp Hits playlist means real mney. A study by researchers at the University f Minnesta and the Eurpean Jint Research Centre fund that sngs n the list gained an average f 20 millin streams, wrth up t $163,000 in ryalties (版税).
As a result, accrding t an analysis by blgger Michael Tauberg, the average length f hit sngs has drpped by mre than 30 secnds since 2000, when it was ver fur minutes. Nearly tw-thirds f the sngs that achieved the number ne spt in the first half f 2021 were under three minutes lng.
76．Why is the Temptatins mentined in paragraph 2?
A．T explain what made a sng special in the past.
B．T shw admiratin fr their musical achievements.
C．T illustrate the structure f ppular sngs in the past.
D．T intrduce the changes in sng structure brught abut by streaming.
77．What is the result f a sng taking a lng time t get t the hk?
A．The artists will receive higher ryalties.
B．The listeners are mre likely t skip it.
C．It will be recmmended t mre users.
D．It will be mre ppular amng listeners.
78．What cntributes t the decreasing average length f hit sngs?
A．Advance in music prductin technlgy.
B．The change in listeners’ musical preference.
C．The desire fr higher streaming-based incme.
D．Increased cmpetitin amng streaming platfrms.
79．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A．Hw streaming changes the length f music.
B．Hw streaming services prduce hit sngs.
C．Hw streaming prmtes the develpment f music.
D．Hw streaming influences ur preference fr music.
【答案】76．D 77．B 78．C 79．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是流媒体的兴起不仅改变了音乐行业，它也改变了音乐，尤其是音乐的长度。
76．推理判断题。根据第一段“But the rise f streaming hasn’t just transfrmed the business f music; it has changed the music as well.(但流媒体的兴起不仅改变了音乐行业；它也改变了音乐。)”和第二段“That’s because music streaming services pay artists based n the number f plays each mnth, and t cunt as a play, a user must listen t the sng past the 30-secnd mark.(这是因为音乐流媒体服务根据每个月的播放次数向艺人支付报酬，而要算作一次播放，用户必须收听歌曲超过30秒。)”可知，第二段提到Temptatins的目的是介绍流媒体给歌曲结构带来的变化。故选D。
77．细节理解题。根据第二段“If a sng yu’ve never heard befre takes a lng time t get t the hk (旋律最好的部分), there is a gd chance that yu may simply hit the buttn t g t the next sng.(如果一首你从未听过的歌花了很长时间才听进去，那么你很有可能会直接按下按钮去听下一首歌。)”可知，一首歌曲要花很长时间才能被人听进去，结果会是听众更有可能跳过它。故选B。
78．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Every track that is listened t fr mre than 30 secnds cunts as a play, but whether a listener makes it all the way thrugh a sng helps t determine whether a streaming service like Sptify will recmmend similar sngs in the future. Fr a musician, getting a sng n Sptify’s ppular Tday’s Tp Hits playlist means real mney.(每首歌的收听时间超过30秒就算作一次播放，但听众是否能从头到尾听完一首歌，有助于决定Sptify等流媒体服务将来是否会推荐类似的歌曲。对于音乐家来说，在Sptify流行的今日热门歌曲播放列表中获得一首歌意味着真正的金钱。)”可知，导致了热门歌曲平均长度的减少的是对基于流媒体的更高收入的渴望。故选C。
79．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“But the rise f streaming hasn’t just transfrmed the business f music; it has changed the music as well.(但流媒体的兴起不仅改变了音乐行业；它也改变了音乐。)”和最后一段“As a result, accrding t an analysis by blgger Michael Tauberg, the average length f hit sngs has drpped by mre than 30 secnds since 2000, when it was ver fur minutes.(因此，根据博主Michael Tauberg的分析，自2000年以来，热门歌曲的平均长度减少了30多秒，当时它超过4分钟。)”可知，本文主要讲的是流媒体的兴起不仅改变了音乐行业，它也改变了音乐，尤其是音乐的长度，因此主旨是A选项“Hw streaming changes the length f music.(流媒体如何改变音乐的长度。)”。故选A。