终身会员
搜索
    上传资料 赚现金
    英语朗读宝

    专题17 完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)--2024年高考英语二轮强化练必刷100题

    立即下载
    加入资料篮
    资料中包含下列文件,点击文件名可预览资料内容
    • 原卷
      专题17 完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题(原卷版).docx
    • 解析
      专题17 完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题(解析版).docx
    专题17  完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题(原卷版)第1页
    专题17  完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题(原卷版)第2页
    专题17  完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题(原卷版)第3页
    专题17  完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题(解析版)第1页
    专题17  完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题(解析版)第2页
    专题17  完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题(解析版)第3页
    还剩14页未读, 继续阅读
    下载需要20学贝 1学贝=0.1元
    使用下载券免费下载
    加入资料篮
    立即下载

    专题17 完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)--2024年高考英语二轮强化练必刷100题

    展开

    这是一份专题17 完形填空(说明文+议论文专攻15篇)--2024年高考英语二轮强化练必刷100题,文件包含专题17完形填空说明文+议论文专攻15篇-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题原卷版docx、专题17完形填空说明文+议论文专攻15篇-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共66页, 欢迎下载使用。
    一、在复习语言点的时候,要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合,按照“点—线—面”顺序,构建知识网络环境。
    二、多做高考题,少扣模拟题
    1、时间的把控。
    2、总结一下各部分的得分情况,了解自己的强弱项。
    3、留意出题点,揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里,做到知己知彼。
    三、多攻词汇表,少记课外词
    四、写作。研究高考写作命题话题范围,根据测试的频度和交际场景的生活化程度进行分类。
    专题17 完形填空(说明文+议论文)专攻
    高考零失误必刷100题
    1.(2024上·黑龙江哈尔滨·高三哈尔滨三中校考)
    Years ag, I lived in the English midlands and wuld walk the same rute alng the lcal canal each evening. On winter mrnings, I wuld see the 1 sight f bird flcks dancing acrss the landscape, a distant cacphny (刺耳的嘈杂声) 2 abve the fields. They were jackdaws (寒鸦), the smallest member f the crw family.
    Research led by Masters student Alex Dibnah asked: Why are jackdaws s lud when they 3 ? Then he began t wrk with a team. The team’s 4 was that the mrning calls might be a jackdaw versin f “ 5 ”. Each individual’s call might 6 as an “I’m in!” helping them crdinate (协调) their 7 .
    T test this, the researchers artificially 8 call levels during the jackdaws’ mrning cacphny using speakers at their sleeping sites. When extra calls were played, the jackdaws 9 earlier, shwing they use calls as a check-in system.
    Individual jackdaws 10 frm leaving with the flck because they get mre scial infrmatin like where t find fd, they can maximize their time spent finding fd, and they’re less 11 being attacked. This srt f decisin-making isn’t 12 t jackdaws — it’s been reprted in ther species as well.
    S, the cacphny f jackdaws in the mrning is a clever slutin t 13 a large grup. If yu’re 14 by the nise, find cmfrt in the fact that the luder they get, the sner they’ll leave yu in 15 .
    1.A.frighteningB.peacefulC.familiarD.unusual
    2.A.fadingB.stppingC.changingD.rising
    3.A.flyB.gatherC.appearD.return
    4.A.evidenceB.theryC.experimentD.difficulty
    5.A.fitting inB.breaking inC.stepping inD.signing in
    6.A.resignB.cuntC.checkD.rank
    7.A.mvementB.prgressC.gestureD.demand
    8.A.createdB.gradedC.increasedD.maintained
    9.A.settledB.leftC.escapedD.arrived
    10.A.benefitB.learnC.sufferD.keep
    11.A.in defense fB.in cntrl fC.at risk fD.at the sight f
    12.A.cmmnB.essentialC.penD.unique
    13.A.jiningB.rganizingC.masteringD.warning
    14.A.btheredB.impressedC.surprisedD.fascinated
    15.A.trubleB.wnderC.peaceD.charge
    【答案】
    1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.C
    【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍由硕士生亚历克斯·迪布纳(Alex Dibnah)领导着做了一项关于为什么寒鸦聚集时声音大的研究。
    1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在冬天的早晨,我会看到熟悉的景象,成群的鸟在风景中跳舞,远处的嘈杂声在田野上空升起。A. frightening令人害怕的;B. peaceful和平的;C. familiar熟悉的;D. unusual不同寻常的。根据上文“wuld walk the same rute alng the lcal canal each evening”可知,亚历克斯·迪布纳每天晚上都会沿着当地的运河走同样的路,所以他看到的是每天都会看见的熟悉的景象。故选C。
    2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:见第1题详解。A. fading褪色;B. stpping停止;C. changing改变;D. rising上升。根据下文“abve the fields”可知,远处的嘈杂声在田野上空升起。故选D。
    3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:由硕士生亚历克斯·迪布纳领导着做的研究问道:为什么寒鸦聚集时声音这么大?A. fly飞;B. gather聚集;C. appear出现;D. return回来。根据下文“shwing they use calls as a check-in system”可知,寒鸦声音这么大是在它们早上聚集时发出的。故选B。
    4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:该团队的理论是,早上的叫声可能是寒鸦版的“签到”。A. evidence证明;B. thery理论;C. experiment实验;D. difficulty困难。根据下文“was that the mrning calls might be a jackdaw versin f “ 5 ” .”可知,接下来是亚历克斯·迪布纳先推测的理论结果。故选B。
    5.考查动词短语辨析。句意:见第4题详解。A. fitting in适应;B. breaking in破门而入;C. stepping in迈进;D. signing in签到。根据下文“Each individual’s call might 6 as an “I’m in!” helping them crdinate(协调) their 7 .”和“shwing they use calls as a check-in system”可知,寒鸦早上的叫声可能是寒鸦版的“签到”。故选D。
    6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每个成员的喊叫都可以认为是“我加入了!”帮助他们协调行动。A. resign辞职;B. cunt计数,认为;C. check检查;D. rank排名。根据下文“as an “I’m in!””可知,这里指每个寒鸦成员的喊叫都被认为是“我加入了!”的信号。故选B。
    7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第6题详解。A. mvement移动;B. prgress进步;C. gesture姿势;D. demand要求。根据下文“When extra calls were played, the jackdaws 9 earlier, shwing they use calls as a check-in system.”可知,这里指寒鸦成员的叫声协调了它们的到来和离开的行动。故选A。
    8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:为了测试这一点,研究人员在寒鸦睡觉的地方使用扬声器,人为地增加了它们早上发出刺耳声音时的叫声水平。A. created创造;B. graded分级;C. increased增加;D. maintained保持。根据下文“using speakers”可知,研究人员使用扬声器,应该是人为地增加了它们早上发出刺耳声音时的叫声水平。故选C。
    9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当播放额外的喊叫时,寒鸦会提前离开,这表明它们将叫声作为登记系统。A. settled定居;B. left离开;C. escaped逃脱;D. arrived到达。根据上文“When extra calls were played”和下文“leaving with the flck”可知,当额外的叫声被播放时,寒鸦会当成是要离开的信号,所以会提前离开。故选B。
    10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:个体寒鸦从与群体一起离开中受益,因为它们可以获得更多的社会信息,比如在哪里寻找食物,它们可以最大限度地延长寻找食物的时间,而且它们被攻击的风险更小。A. benefit获益;B. learn学习;C. suffer遭受;D. keep保持。根据下文“because they get mre scial infrmatin like where t find fd, they can maximize their time spent finding fd”可知,这是和寒鸦群体一起离开中得到的好处。故选A。
    11.考查介词短语辨析。句意:见第10题详解。A. in defense f防御;B. in cntrl f控制;C. at risk f冒险;D. at the sight f看见。根据上文“Individual jackdaws 10 frm leaving with the flck”可知,这是个体寒鸦和寒鸦群体一起离开中得到的好处,所以个体寒鸦被攻击的风险应该是更小。故选C。
    12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这种决策并非寒鸦独有,其他物种也有报道。A. cmmn常见的;B. essential基础的;C. pen开的;D. unique独特的。根据下文“it’s been reprted in ther species as well”可知,其他物种也有报道这种决策,所以它并非寒鸦独有的。故选D。
    13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:因此,早上寒鸦的嘈杂声是组织一大群成员的聪明解决方案。A. jining加入;B. rganizing组织;C. mastering精通;D. warning警告。根据上文“the cacphny f jackdaws in the mrning is a clever slutin t”可知,早上寒鸦的嘈杂声应该是组织一大群成员的聪明解决方案。故选B。
    14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你被噪音困扰,请从噪音越大,越早让你平静下来这一事实中找到安慰。A. bthered打扰;B. impressed给…印象;C. surprised使吃惊;D. fascinated迷住。根据下文“by the nise”可知,这里应该是指人们会被寒鸦的喊叫烦扰。故选A。
    15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第14题详解。A. truble麻烦;B. wnder奇迹;C. peace和平;D. charge控告。根据上文“find cmfrt in the fact that the luder they get, the sner they’ll leave yu in”可知,寒鸦叫的声音越大越早,说明它们会越早离开,就会让你越早平静下来。故选C。
    2.(2024上·山西·高三校联考阶段练习)
    Alha is perhaps ne f the mst recgnized wrds in the wrld. Many 16 use it t brand their gds and services. But there is mre t it in Hawaii. It’s the spirit t 17 ne anther all the time, nt nly when a(n) 18 strikes. And it was the 19 spirit f alha that has brught warmth and strength t thse wh have 20 the deadliest wildfire in mdern US histry that swept acrss the histric city f Lahaina just a week ag.
    Arica Lynn Suza, whse 21 was burned t the grund n August 8, describes alha as being there when smething happens and when smene 22 help. She thinks that it is the spirit f alha that makes Lahaina s 23 .
    “I 24 with my tw babies and a very small bag. The nly reasn why we’re able t have clthes n ur backs and everything else is due t this kind f alha feeling within ur cmmunity and with each ther.”
    Kalik Kaauam is a Hawaiian-language expert and curriculum designer. When asked what alha lks like, she quickly paints a 25 picture, “Alha is the guy whse hme was burned dwn, wh has n clthes, finds his slippers, puts them n and 26 finds smene else t help withut expecting anything 27 . It’s a philsphy. It’s an appreciatin. It’s a 28 lve that we are brn and raised with.”
    During a disaster, cmmunity members usually 29 t help each ther. But it is the 30 emtinal attachment sets Hawaii apart frm the rest f the wrld.
    16.A.childrenB.businessesC.speakersD.families
    17.A.treatB.greetC.praiseD.help
    18.A.disasterB.phenmennC.ideaD.incident
    19.A.terribleB.tastyC.traditinalD.expensive
    20.A.startedB.survivedC.missedD.recrded
    21.A.frestB.shpC.hmeD.schl
    22.A.needsB.acceptsC.ignresD.dislikes
    23.A.cldB.cmfrtableC.reasnableD.special
    24.A.escapedB.drppedC.arguedD.separated
    25.A.vividB.brightC.funnyD.sad
    26.A.carelesslyB.immediatelyC.unnecessarilyD.hardly
    27.A.in persnB.in advanceC.in returnD.in ruins
    28.A.rmanticB.realisticC.cnditinalD.selfless
    29.A.turnB.tendC.refuseD.pretend
    30.A.cnstantB.unhealthyC.understandableD.sudden
    【答案】
    16.B 17.D 18.A 19.C 20.B 21.C 22.A 23.D 24.A 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.D 29.B 30.A
    【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了“Alha”这个词的含义,以及它在夏威夷文化中的重要地位。文章通过几个人的经历和观点,展现了“Alha”精神在夏威夷社区中的作用,特别是在灾难中的互助和团结。
    16.考查名词词义辨析。句意:许多企业用它来给他们的商品和服务打上品牌。A. children儿童;B. businesses企业;C. speakers演讲者;D. families家庭。根据后文“t brand their gds and services”可知给他们的商品和服务打上品牌的应该是企业。故选B项。
    17.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这是一种始终互相帮助的精神,而不仅仅是在灾难发生时。A. treat对待;B. greet打招呼;C. praise赞扬;D. help帮助。根据后文“During a disaster, cmmunity members usually 14 t help each ther.”可知,这是一种互相帮助的精神。故选D项。
    18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一种始终互相帮助的精神,而不仅仅是在灾难发生时。A. disaster灾害;B. phenmenn现象;C. idea想法;D. incident冲突。根据后文“During a disaster, cmmunity members usually 14 t help each ther.”可知,此处应是“不仅仅是在灾难发生时”之意。故选A项。
    19.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一周前,美国现代史上最致命的野火席卷了历史名城拉海纳,正是Alha的传统精神给幸存者带来了温暖和力量。A. terrible可怕的;B. tasty美味的;C. traditinal传统的;D. expensive昂贵的。根据前文“But there is mre t it in Hawaii. It’s the spirit t 2 ne anther all the time”可知,Alha在夏威夷代表的是一种传统精神。故选C项。
    20.考查动词词义辨析。句意:一周前,美国现代史上最致命的野火席卷了历史名城拉海纳,正是Alha的传统精神给幸存者带来了温暖和力量。A. started开始;B. survived生存;C. missed错过;D. recrded记录。根据上文“brught warmth and strength t thse”和后文“the deadliest wildfire in mdern US histry that swept acrss the histric city f Lahaina just a week ag.”可知,此处是指在美国现代史上最致命的野火中幸存下来的人。故选B项。
    21.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Arica Lynn Suza的家在8月8日被大火夷为平地,她把alha描述为当事情发生时,当有人需要帮助时,alha就在那里。A. frest森林;B. shp商店;C. hme家;D. schl学校。根据后文“I 9 with my tw babies and a very small bag.”可知,可知应是她家被大火夷为平地了。且下文“whse hme was burned dwn”也是提示。故选C项。
    22.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Arica Lynn Suza的家在8月8日被大火夷为平地,她把alha描述为当事情发生时,当有人需要帮助时,alha就在那里。A. needs需要;B. accepts接受;C. ignres忽视;D. dislikes厌恶。根据前文“It’s the spirit t 2 ne anther all the time”可知,alha精神是彼此互相帮助的精神,所以应是有人需要帮助时,alha就在那里。故选A项。
    23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她认为是alha精神使拉海纳如此特别。A. cld冷的;B. cmfrtable舒适的;C. reasnable合理的;D. special特别的。根据后文“She thinks that it is the spirit f alha that makes Lahaina”结合选项应是“alha精神使拉海纳如此特别”符合语境。且下文“sets Hawaii apart frm the rest f the wrld.”也是提示。故选D项。
    24.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我带着两个孩子和一个很小的袋子逃了出来。A. escaped逃出;B. drpped落下;C. argued争论。D. separated分开。根据前文“Arica Lynn Suza, whse 6 was burned t the grund n August 8”可知,Arica Lynn Suza家被大火夷为平地,所以是逃出火海。故选A项。
    25.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当被问及alha是什么样子时,她很快地描绘了一幅生动的画面。A. vivid生动的;B. bright明亮的;C. funny有趣的;D. sad悲哀的。根据后文“Alha is the guy whse hme was burned dwn, wh has n clthes, finds his slippers, puts them n and 11 finds smene else t help withut expecting anything 12 .”可知,这是一幅具体的画面,所以是描绘了一幅生动的画面。故选A项。
    26.考查副词词义辨析。句意:alha是一个家被烧毁了的人,没有衣服穿,找到拖鞋,穿上它们,立即去帮忙别人,不期待任何回报。A. carelessly粗心地;B. immediately立即;C. unnecessarily不必要地;D. hardly几乎不。根据前文“the guy whse hme was burned dwn, wh has n clthes, finds his slippers, puts them n”可知,这个人没有衣服穿,家被烧毁了,但却立即去帮助别人。故选B项。
    27.考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A. in persn亲自;B. in advance提前;C. in return作为回报;D. in ruins一片废墟。根据前文“It’s the spirit t 2 ne anther all the time”可知,这是一种互相帮助的精神,所以是不求回报的。故选C项。
    28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这是一种我们与生俱来的无私的爱。A. rmantic浪漫的;B. realistic现实的;C. cnditinal有条件的;D. selfless无私的。根据前文“Alha is the guy whse hme was burned dwn, wh has n clthes, finds his slippers, puts them n and 11 finds smene else t help withut expecting anything 12 .”可知,帮助他人不求回报,所以这是一种无私的爱。故选D项。
    29.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在灾难期间,社区成员通常倾向于互相帮助。A. turn变成;B. tend倾向;C. refuse拒绝;D. pretend假装。根据前文“It’s the spirit t 2 ne anther all the time”可知,社区成员通常倾向于互相帮助。故选B项。
    30.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但正是这种持续的情感依恋使夏威夷与世界其他地方区别开来。A. cnstant不变的,持续的;B. unhealthy不健康的;C. understandable可以理解的;D. sudden突然的。根据前文“It’s the spirit t 2 ne anther all the time”可知,总是想要互相帮助,所以是不变的情感依恋。故选A项。
    3.(2024上·河南·高三统考阶段练习)
    Owning chickens may be nthing special fr yu, but in the life f a chicken, we catch a glimpse (一瞥) f an imprtant truth.
    Yu see, when a hen lays her egg, she labrs t make sure the 31 are just right t prmte life fr that little chick. She must lay it in a 32 spt. She als must apply heat t the egg fr it t 33 .
    In the life f this baby chick thugh, there cmes a pint that is necessary but that is ften 34 . As the egg begins t crack and slwly break 35 , what yu will nt see is the mther hen 36 the chick t get the shell ff. N matter hw hard the chick 37 , pushes and strains (拉紧) itself, the mther hen will nt d the 38 fr it.
    At this pint, smene can see the 39 f this chick and think the mther des nt 40 her yung. This persn can then seek t help the chick and 41 the pieces f the shell. Hwever, if such a thing really happens, ften this persn 42 des nt save the chick’s life but rather 43 its death.
    This 44 stage is essential fr the chick. It will prduce within the chick the 45 that will allw it t live and thrive (茁壮成长).
    31.A.actinsB.experiencesC.cnditinsD.chances
    32.A.safeB.remteC.shadyD.new
    33.A.hatchB.liveC.mveD.cntinue
    34.A.evaluatedB.checkedC.madeD.verlked
    35.A.upB.penC.freeD.away
    36.A.urgingB.preferringC.assistingD.encuraging
    37.A.rllsB.kncksC.jumpsD.shakes
    38.A.wrkB.harmC.exerciseD.same
    39.A.depressinB.cnfusinC.grwthD.struggle
    40.A.take inB.care abutC.play withD.bring up
    41.A.cllectB.remveC.thrwD.spread
    42.A.carelesslyB.impatientlyC.unknwinglyD.purpsely
    43.A.slwsB.causesC.facesD.prevents
    44.A.beginningB.develpingC.restingD.falling
    45.A.nutritinB.healthC.luckD.strength
    【答案】
    31.C 32.A 33.A 34.D 35.B 36.C 37.D 38.A 39.D 40.B 41.B 42.C 43.B 44.A 45.D
    【导语】这是一篇说明文。在小鸡的孵化和成长中,破壳的阶段至关重要但经常被人们忽视,小鸡需要通过自己的努力破壳,这个过程会在雏鸡体内产生力量,使它能够生存和茁壮成长,如果有人因为想要帮助小鸡而擅自去除了蛋壳,这会导致雏鸡的死亡。文章对此进行了介绍。
    31.考查名词词义辨析。句意:你看,当母鸡下蛋时,她会努力确保条件合适,以促进小鸡的存活率。A. actins行动;B. experiences经历;C. cnditins条件;D. chances机会。根据“are just right t prmte life fr that little chick”可知,此处是指确保条件合适。故选C。
    32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她必须把它下在一个安全的地方。A. safe安全的;B. remte遥远的;C. shady阴凉的;D. new新的。根据“are just right t prmte life fr that little chick”可知,此处是指必须把蛋下在安全的地方。故选A。
    33.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它还必须给蛋加热才能孵化。A. hatch孵化;B. live居住;C. mve移动;D. cntinue继续。根据“apply heat t the egg”可知,此处是指孵蛋。故选A。
    34.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在这只小鸡的生活中,有一点是必要的,但却经常被忽视。A. evaluated评估;B. checked检查;C. made制作;D. verlked忽视。根据后文“there cmes a pint that is necessary but”可知,此处是指必要但经常被忽视。故选D。
    35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当鸡蛋开始破裂并慢慢破开时,你不会看到母鸡帮助小鸡剥壳。A. up在高处;B. pen打开的;C. free免费的;D. away(球队比赛)客场的。根据“As the egg begins t crack and slwly break”可知,此处是指当鸡蛋开始破裂并慢慢破开时。故选B。
    36.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当鸡蛋开始破裂并慢慢破开时,你不会看到母鸡帮助小鸡剥壳。A. urging敦促;B. preferring偏爱;C. assisting帮助;D. encuraging鼓励。根据后文“This persn can then seek t help the chick(然后这个人可能会想要帮助小鸡)”可知,此处是指不会看到母鸡帮助小鸡剥壳。故选C。
    37.考查动词词义辨析。句意:无论小鸡怎样使劲地摇晃、推、拉,母鸡都不会替它做。A. rlls翻滚;B. kncks敲击;C. jumps跳;D. shakes摇晃。根据“pushes and strains (拉紧) itself”可知,此处是指摇晃。故选D。
    38.考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意:无论小鸡怎样使劲地摇晃、推、拉,母鸡都不会替它做。A. wrk工作;B. harm伤害;C. exercise锻炼;D. same相同的。根据前文“what yu will nt see is the mther hen assisting the chick t get the shell ff”可知,此处是指母鸡不会帮小鸡做破壳这项工作。故选A。
    39.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这时,有人可能会看到这只小鸡的挣扎,认为妈妈不关心她的孩子。A. depressin抑郁;B. cnfusin困惑;C. grwth成长;D. struggle挣扎。根据前文“N matter hw hard the chick shakes, pushes and strains (拉紧) itself”可知,此处是指看到这只小鸡的挣扎。故选D。
    40.考查动词短语辨析。句意:这时,有人可能会看到这只小鸡的挣扎,认为妈妈不关心她的孩子。A. take in吸收;B. care abut关心;C. play with摆弄;D. bring up抚养。根据前文“N matter hw hard the chick shakes, pushes and strains (拉紧) itself, the mther hen will nt d the wrk fr it.”可知,此处是指认为妈妈不关心她的孩子。故选B。
    41.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后这个人可能会帮助小鸡,把蛋壳的碎片弄掉。A. cllect收集;B. remve去除;C. thrw扔掉;D. spread传播。根据“This persn can then seek t help the chick”可知,此处是指帮小鸡弄掉蛋壳。故选B。
    42.考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,如果这样的事情真的发生了,这个人往往在不知不觉中没有救小鸡的命,而是导致了它的死亡。A. carelessly粗心地;B. impatiently不耐烦地;C. unknwingly不知不觉地;D. purpsely故意地。根据“This persn can then seek t help the chick”可知,此处是指这个人在不知道的情况下导致了小鸡的死亡。故选C。
    43.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,如果这样的事情真的发生了,这个人往往在不知不觉中没有救小鸡的命,而是导致了它的死亡。A. slws放缓;B. causes导致;C. faces面对;D. prevents阻止。根据“des nt save the chick’s life but rather”可知,此处是指导致了小鸡的死亡。故选B。
    44.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这个开始阶段对小鸡来说至关重要。A. beginning开始的;B. develping发展中的;C. resting静止的;D. falling下降的。根据前文“As the egg begins t crack”可知,此处是指开始阶段。故选A。
    45.考查名词词义辨析。句意:它会在雏鸡体内产生力量,使它能够生存和茁壮成长。A. nutritin营养;B. health健康;C. luck好运;D. strength力量。根据前文“N matter hw hard the chick shakes, pushes and strains (拉紧) itself”可知,此处是指这个过程会在雏鸡体内产生力量。故选D。
    4.(2024·上海杨浦·统考一模)
    Often, we knw what makes us happy... but, despite this, ften we dn’t put the thery int actin. Why d I (the persn wh tells yu that taking breaks 46 stress and makes yu mre efficient) sit at my cmputer eating my lunch? I knw this is unhelpful fr me, s what n earth is ging n? It all started at a time f huge pressure when I was training, and I began eating my lunch at my desk t 47 time. I did it ver and ver again until it became 48 t my brain.
    My brain will chse this rute by default (默认情况下), because it is the mst learned behaviur. Smething in my ffice 49 (prbably my stmach rumbling (发咕咕声) will send a signal t my brain that it’s lunchtime, and I will pick up my sandwich and eat it with very little 50 . It is a n-brainer t my brain; it’s just what it des.
    Habits dn’t 51 new learning frm the brain; they are stred as a sequence f activities in the brain. The brain adds a rutine f behaviurs tgether s they all happen 52 in sequence when activated by a signal (that rumbling stmach) t get us t a reward (my lunch), which 53 strengthens that learned behaviur. Yur brain uses habits t 54 effrt and save energy, and will default t these behaviurs when signalled. Hw can we build happiness habits int ur lives?
    Step 1: What is it that yu want t d
    Decide what yu want t 55 as small daily habits. Next, think abut hw and when yu will d this. 56 , cnsider the habits that affect happiness negatively and that yu want t break. Like me, d yu want t 57 eating lunch at yur desk and get utside instead?
    Step 2: Be 58 abut yur why
    What will yu gain frm this new happiness habit? Why is it imprtant t yu? This helps yu t want t make the effrt t break yur default habits.
    Step 3: Be specific
    Decide when specifically yu will 59 yur new habit and what yu will d — fr example, “I want t g fr a walk t cnnect with nature at lunchtime.” Start as small as yu can, because this is mre likely t be achievable, repeatable and rewarding — three things we need t happen t shift frm a(n) 60 new behaviur t a habit.
    46.A.increasesB.reducesC.suggestsD.excludes
    47.A.killB.spendC.saveD.make
    48.A.habitualB.cntinualC.relevantD.remte
    49.A.cntextB.cuncilC.entryD.frmat
    50.A.assistanceB.appreciatinC.appetiteD.awareness
    51.A.regulateB.requireC.cmpriseD.cnsume
    52.A.subsequentlyB.cllectivelyC.autmaticallyD.individually
    53.A.in turnB.in returnC.by farD.by cntrast
    54.A.enhanceB.attainC.reverseD.minimize
    55.A.buryB.changeC.addD.delete
    56.A.GenerallyB.AlternativelyC.EventuallyD.Initially
    57.A.enjyB.imagineC.delayD.stp
    58.A.crazyB.calmC.clearD.curius
    59.A.engage inB.call frC.appeal tD.give up
    60.A.hpefulB.hpelessC.effrtfulD.effrtless
    【答案】
    46.B 47.C 48.A 49.A 50.D 51.B 52.C 53.A 54.D 55.C 56.B 57.D 58.C 59.A 60.C
    【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是大脑的习惯是如何形成的以及如何在生活中形成快乐的习惯。
    46.考查动词词义辨析。句意:为什么我(那个告诉你休息可以减轻压力、提高效率的人)要坐在电脑前吃午饭?A. increases增加;B. reduces减少;C. suggests建议;D. excludes排除,不包括。根据常识和上文的“taking breaks”可知,休息应该是可以“减少”压力。故选B项。
    47.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这一切都始于我训练时的巨大压力,为了节省时间,我开始在办公桌上吃午餐。A. kill杀死;B. spend花费;C. save节省;D. make制造。根据上文中的“and I began eating my lunch at my desk”可知,作者在办公桌旁吃饭应是为了“节省”时间,符合语境。故选C项。
    48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我一遍又一遍地做,直到它成为我的大脑习惯。A. habitual习惯性的;B. cntinual频繁的;C. relevant有关的;D. remte偏远的。根据语境以及上文中的“I did it ver and ver again”可知,作者一遍一遍地去做,由此可知,反复去做一件事情会形成“习惯”符合语境。故选A项。
    49.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我的办公室环境中(可能是我的胃咕咕叫)会向我的大脑发送一个信号,告诉我午餐时间到了,我会拿起我的三明治,毫无意识地吃掉它。A. cntext背景,语境;B. cuncil委员会;C. entry进入;D. frmat格式。根据下文中的“prbably my stmach rumbling”可知,肚子发出咕咕叫应是一种“情景”。故选A项。
    50.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我的办公室环境中(可能是我的胃咕咕叫)会向我的大脑发送一个信号,告诉我午餐时间到了,我会拿起我的三明治,毫无意识地吃掉它。A. assistance援助;B. appreciatin感激,欣赏;C. appetite胃口;D. awareness意识。根据下文中的“It is a n-brainer t my brain; it’s just what it des.”可知,这对我来说是轻而易举的事,由此可知,此处指的是作者无“意识”地吃掉三明治。故选D项。
    51.考查动词词义辨析。句意:习惯不需要从大脑中学习新的东西;它们以一系列活动的形式储存在大脑中。A. regulate管理;B. require需求;C. cmprise构成;D. cnsume消耗。根据下文中的“they are stred as a sequence f activities in the brain.”可知,习惯是一系列活动储存在大脑中,由此可知,此处指的是习惯不“需要”大脑学习新东西。故选B项。
    52.考查副词词义辨析。句意:大脑将一系列常规行为加在一起,这样当一个信号(咕噜咕噜的肚子)激活我们获得奖励(我的午餐)时,它们就会自动按顺序发生,这反过来又加强了习得的行为。A. subsequently随后;B. cllectively集体地;C. autmatically自动地;D. individually单独地。根据上文中的“My brain will chse this rute by default (默认情况下), because it is the mst learned behaviur.”以及“The brain adds a rutine f behaviurs tgether”可知,大脑会默认选择这条路线,大脑将一系列常规行为加在一起,由此可知,只要信号发出,它就会“自动地”按顺序发生。故选C项。
    53.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:大脑将一系列常规行为加在一起,这样当一个信号(咕噜咕噜的肚子)激活我们获得奖励(我的午餐)时,它们就会自动按顺序发生,这反过来又加强了习得的行为。A. in turn反而;B. in return作为回报;C. by far大大地;D. by cntrast相比之下。根据常识以及上文中的“The brain adds a rutine f behaviurs tgether s they all happen ____7____ in sequence when activated by a signal (that rumbling stmach) t get us t a reward (my lunch)”可知,信号激活奖励时,它们就会自动按顺序发生,结合下文“strengthens that learned behaviur.”可知,这种行为“反过来”又加强了习得的行为。故选A项。
    54.考查动词词义辨析。句意:你的大脑使用习惯来减少努力和节省能量,并且在收到信号时会默认这些行为。A. enhance提高;B. attain获得;C. reverse颠倒,彻底转变;D. minimize降低,减少。根据下文中的“and save energy”可知,大脑会用习惯节省能量,与空处为并列关系,所以此空应表示“减少”符合语境。故选D项。
    55.考查动词词义辨析。句意:决定你想要增加哪些日常小习惯。A. bury埋葬;B. change改变;C. add添加;D. delete删除。根据在上文中的“The brain adds a rutine f behaviurs tgether s they all happen ____7____ in sequence when activated by a signal (that rumbling stmach) t get us t a reward (my lunch)”可知,大脑会把这些行为加起来,在发出信号时会做出相应的行为,由此可知,要形成快乐的习惯就需要决定想要“添加”那些日常习惯。要故选C项。
    56.考查副词词义辨析。句意:或者,考虑一下那些对幸福有负面影响的习惯,你想要改掉这些习惯。A. Generally一般,通常;B. Alternatively要不,或者;C. Eventually最终;D. Initially最初。根据上文中的“Next, think abut hw and when yu will d this.”以及下文中的“cnsider the habits that affect happiness negatively and that yu want t break.”可知,两者 之间为选择关系,所以此处应使用“或者”符合逻辑。故选B项。
    57.考查动词词义辨析。句意:和我一样,你也想停止在办公桌前吃午餐,到户外去吃吗?A. enjy享受;B. imagine想象;C. delay推迟;D. stp停止。根据下文中的“and get utside instead?”可知,取而代之的是去户外吃饭,所以此处指的是“停止”在办公桌前吃饭,符合语境。故选D项。
    58.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:第二步:明确你的原因。A. crazy疯狂的;B. calm冷静的;C. clear清楚的;D. curius好奇的。根据下文中的“What will yu gain frm this new happiness habit? Why is it imprtant t yu?”可知,要知道会从这个新的快乐习惯中获得什么,为什么这很重要,由此可知,此处指的是要“清楚”自己为什么这样做。故选C项。
    59.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:决定好你要从事新习惯的具体时间和你要做的事情——例如,“我想在午餐时间去散散步,亲近大自然。”A. engage in参与,从事;B. call fr需要;C. appeal t呼吁;D. give up放弃。根据上文中的“Hw can we build happiness habits int ur lives?”和下文中的“yur new habit”可知,此处讲述的是如何在生活中养成快乐的习惯,所以此处应为“从事,养成”新习惯,符合语境。故选A项。
    60.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽可能从小事做起,因为这样做更容易实现,更容易重复,更有回报——这三件事是我们从一种努力的新行为转变为习惯所需要的。A. hpeful充满希望的;B. hpeless无望的;C. effrtful需要努力的;D. effrtless不需费力的。根据常识和下文中的“new behaviur t a habit.”可知,养成新的习惯不是简单的事情,需要的是“努力的”行为。故选C项。
    5.(2024上·上海宝山·高三统考期末)
    Ideally, childhd is a time f grwth and learning, preparing fr adulthd and als having fun. But fr many children arund the wrld, this time is cut shrt when they are frced t wrk, smetimes in dangerus cnditins. 61 , the United Natins (U.N.), sme natinal gvernments and ther rganizatins 62 June 12 as the annual Wrld Day Against Child Labr.
    As f 2020, arund 160 millin children wrked as child labrers, which means that ne child in 10 was a child labrer. 63 , child labr has decreased ver the past 20 years, but in recent years, this prgress has stpped. Child labr is 64 frm rdinary husewrk, helping with a family business r (fr lder children) wrking t earn pcket mney when nt in schl. Wrk dne by children is 65 as child labr when it harms the child physically, mentally, scially r 66 , r when it prevents the child’s educatin.
    Abut 79 millin children are engaged in hazardus child labr. Smetimes this means the wrk itself is dangerus because f heavy machinery r expsure t 67 . Hazardus child labr can als invlve harsh cnditins, lng hurs, r 68 t varius kinds f abuse.
    The primary gal f the Wrld Day Against Child Labr is raising 69 f the issue and encuraging individuals, rganizatins and gvernments t 70 . Cmbating (打击) child labr is a cmplex task. It invlves scial wrkers wh identify child labrers and take actin t prvide these children and their families with ther 71 . But it als invlves change in cmmunities as a whle, 72 the scial regulatins that can lead adults t make their children wrk.
    Child labr and pverty ften g hand in hand as parents feel remving their children frm schl is necessary t earn mney fr their survival. S, measures meant t fight 73 are als tied t preventing child labr. Ensuring that children have quality educatinal pprtunities is als imprtant. If mre pprtunities were 74 , mre parents might give up the immediate benefit f a child’s paycheck t give that child an educatin.
    Child labr is harmful t children and t cmmunities, since it prevents children frm grwing int healthy, educated citizens wh culd make a(n) 75 in sciety. By highlighting the prblem and ffering a variety f slutins, the Wrld Day Against Child Labr can make the situatin a bit better.
    61.A.In additinB.As a resultC.Abve allD.After all
    62.A.recgnizeB.discverC.chseD.cnsider
    63.A.NeverthelessB.TherefreC.OverallD.Mrever
    64.A.distinguishedB.transferredC.rangedD.evlved
    65.A.evaluatedB.classifiedC.cmbinedD.separated
    66.A.sincerelyB.negativelyC.psitivelyD.mrally
    67.A.chemicalsB.lightsC.wastesD.gases
    68.A.harmB.pllutinC.expsureD.danger
    69.A.valueB.awarenessC.statusD.significance
    70.A.take placeB.take careC.take verD.take actin
    71.A.ptinsB.questinsC.elementsD.examples
    72.A.prmtingB.urgingC.challengingD.adjusting
    73.A.diseaseB.disasterC.survivalD.pverty
    74.A.availableB.sustainableC.accessibleD.advisable
    75.A.chiceB.differenceC.effrtD.decisin
    【答案】
    61.B 62.A 63.C 64.A 65.B 66.D 67.A 68.C 69.B 70.D 71.A 72.C 73.D 74.A 75.B
    【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了理想情况下,童年是一个成长和学习的时期,为成年做准备,也有乐趣。但对于世界各地的许多儿童来说,当他们被迫工作,有时在危险的条件下工作时,这段时间就缩短了。因此,联合国、一些国家政府和其他组织将每年的6月12日定为世界无童工日。
    61.考查介词短语辨析。句意:因此,联合国、一些国家政府和其他组织将每年的6月12日定为世界无童工日。A. In additin此外;B. As a result结果,因此;C. Abve all重要的是;D. After all毕竟。根据上文“But fr many children arund the wrld, this time is cut shrt when they are frced t wrk, smetimes in dangerus cnditins.”提到儿童被迫工作,由此可知,此处应表示因此,联合国、一些国家政府和其他组织将每年的6月12日定为世界无童工日。故选B项。
    62.考查动词词义辨析。句意:因此,联合国、一些国家政府和其他组织将每年的6月12日定为世界无童工日。A. recgnize认定;B. discver发现;C. chse选择;D. cnsider考虑。根据句意以及该句中的“June 12 as the annual Wrld Day Against Child Labr.”由此可知,此处应表示联合国、一些国家政府和其他组织将每年的6月12日定为世界无童工日。故选A项。
    63.考查副词词义辨析。句意:总体而言,童工在过去20年中有所减少,但近年来,这一进展已经停止。A. Nevertheless然而;B. Therefre因此;C. Overall总体而言;D. Mrever此外。根据下文“child labr has decreased ver the past 20 years, but in recent years, this prgress has stpped.”可知,此处应表示总体而言,童工在过去20年中有所减少。故选C项。
    64.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:童工不同于一般的家务劳动,帮助做家庭生意,或者(对大一点的孩子来说)在不上学的时候打工挣零花钱。A. distinguished不同的;B. transferred转移的;C. ranged变化(动词);D. evlved进化的。根据下文“rdinary husewrk, helping with a family business r (fr lder children) wrking t earn pcket mney when nt in schl.”可知,此处应表示童工不同于一般认为的这些情况。故选A项。
    65.考查动词词义辨析。句意:儿童从事的工作如果在身体、精神、社会或道德上对儿童造成伤害,或者妨碍儿童接受教育,就被归类为童工。A. evaluated评价;B. classified归类;C. cmbined联合;D. separated分离。根据下文“as child labr when it harms the child physically, mentally, scially r 6 , r when it prevents the child’s educatin.”提到的具体童工从事的工作,由此可知,此处应表示儿童从事的工作有列举的这些情况时,那么就被归类为童工。故选B项。
    66.考查副词词义辨析。句意:儿童从事的工作如果在身体、精神、社会或道德上对儿童造成伤害,或者妨碍儿童接受教育,就被归类为童工。A. sincerely真诚地;B. negatively负面地;C. psitively积极地;D. mrally道德上的。根据上文“when it harms the child physically, mentally, scially”由此可知,此处应表示如果在身体、精神、社会或道德上对儿童造成伤害,或者妨碍儿童接受教育,就被归类为童工。故选D项。
    67.考查名词词义辨析。句意:由于重型机械或接触化学物质,有时这意味着工作本身是危险的。A. chemicals化学物质;B. lights灯;C. wastes垃圾;D. gases气体。根据上文“Smetimes this means the wrk itself is dangerus”提到工作本身是危险的,以及结合各个选项意思可知,此处应表示接触化学物质可能带来的危险。故选A项。
    68.考查名词词义辨析。句意:危险的童工还包括恶劣的条件、长时间工作或遭受各种虐待。A. harm伤害;B. pllutin污染;C. expsure接触;D. danger危险。根据句意以及下文“t varius kinds f abuse.”可推知,此处应表示危险的童工还包括恶劣的条件、长时间工作或遭受各种虐待。expsure t“受到”。故选C项。
    69.考查名词词义辨析。句意:世界无童工日的主要目标是提高人们对这一问题的认识,并鼓励个人、组织和政府采取行动。A. value价值;B. awareness意识;C. status状态,地位;D. significance意义。根据句意以及上文“raising”和下文“f the issue”可知,此处应表示提高人们对这一问题的认识。raise awareness f“提高对……的认识”。故选B项。
    70.考查动词短语辨析。句意:世界无童工日的主要目标是提高人们对这一问题的认识,并鼓励个人、组织和政府采取行动。A. take place发生;B. take care关心;C. take ver接管;D. take actin采取行动。根据上文提到的提高人们对这一问题的认识,以及下文“and encuraging individuals, rganizatins and gvernments”可知,此处应表示鼓励个人、组织和政府采取行动。故选D项。
    71.考查名词词义辨析。句意:它涉及社会工作者,他们识别童工并采取行动为这些儿童及其家庭提供其他选择。A. ptins选择;B. questins问题;C. elements元素;D. examples例子。根据句意以及上文“take actin t prvide these children and their families with”可知,此处应表示采取行动为这些儿童及其家庭提供其他选择,而不是让孩子作为童工谋生或帮助养家。故选A项。
    72.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但它也涉及到整个社区的变化,挑战可能导致成年人让孩子工作的社会法规。A. prmting促进;B. urging督促;C. challenging挑战;D. adjusting调整。根据下文“the scial regulatins that can lead adults t make their children wrk.”可知,此处应表示挑战可能导致成年人让孩子工作的社会法规。故选C项。
    73.考查名词词义辨析。句意:因此,旨在消除贫困的措施也与防止童工有关。A. disease疾病;B. disaster灾难;C. survival幸存;D. pverty贫困。根据上文“Child labr and pverty ften g hand in hand”提到童工和贫困常常相伴而行,由此可知此处应表示消除贫困的措施也与防止童工有关。故选D项。
    74.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:如果有更多的机会,更多的父母可能会放弃孩子工资的直接收益,让孩子接受教育。A. available可获得的;B. sustainable可持续的;C. accessible可进入的;D. advisable明智的。根据下文“mre parents might give up the immediate benefit f a child’s paycheck t give that child an educatin.”可知,此处应表示如果有更多的机会,父母可能让孩子们接受教育。故选A项。
    75.考查名词词义辨析。句意:童工对儿童和社区有害,因为它使儿童无法成长为健康、受过教育的公民,无法在社会上发挥重要作用。A. chice选择;B. difference区别;C. effrt努力;D. decisin决定。根据上文“since it prevents children frm grwing int healthy, educated citizens”它使儿童无法成长为健康、受过教育的公民可知,此处应表示这种情况儿童无法在社会上发挥重要作用。make a(n) difference“发挥作用,有影响”。故选B项。
    6.(2024上·广东深圳·高三统考期末)
    City walk gains ppularity amng yung Chinese. Different frm the fast-paced “special frces style” (特种部队式) turism, city walk is 76 and nt very purpseful.
    T a certain extent, “special frces style” turism is just a(n) 77 f regular travel, where yung peple spend 24 hurs in a city with the same travel guides and check-in list. By cmparisn, city walk allws peple t explre a city 78 withut deliberately jining the 79 at ppular turist spts r waiting in 80 lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs. Peple 81 the past and present f a city as a lcal resident. After all, time is nt 82 and the need fr travel is nt s pressing any mre.
    While “special frces style” turists 83 fast pace and purpsefulness, city walkers are cmpletely slw and free. What really matters is 84 wandering. Peple expect that a trip frees themselves frm high 85 and repetitive daily life. Since such wrds as leisure, 86 and purpselessness are assciated with city walk, it seems nt difficult t understand why yung peple are 87 abut it.
    When we were children in schl, 45 minutes f class was wrth a 10 minute 88 . As we have 89 and started wrking hard, we always want t 90 freedm in life during free time. City walk is a path where we can freely chse, plan, and explre.
    76.A.cstlyB.leisurelyC.briefD.nrmal
    77.A.innvatinB.lessnC.repetitinD.secret
    78.A.eagerlyB.rapidlyC.freelyD.precisely
    79.A.sellersB.crwdsC.audiencesD.hsts
    80.A.quietB.straightC.frmalD.lng
    81.A.discverB.develpC.rememberD.determine
    82.A.abundantB.uniqueC.preciusD.urgent
    83.A.ignreB.understandC.emphasizeD.explain
    84.A.aimlessB.ccasinalC.individualD.meaningless
    85.A.reputatinB.tensinC.expectatinD.recgnitin
    86.A.creativityB.efficiencyC.speedD.relaxatin
    87.A.anxiusB.particularC.enthusiasticD.cautius
    88.A.breakB.leaveC.discussinD.exercise
    89.A.std upB.grwn upC.teamed upD.shwn up
    90.A.escapeB.spreadC.restrictD.pursue
    【答案】
    76.B 77.C 78.C 79.B 80.D 81.A 82.D 83.C 84.A 85.B 86.D 87.C 88.A 89.B 90.D
    【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了城市漫步在年轻中国人中越来越流行的现象,并将其与“特种兵式”旅游进行了对比。
    76.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:与快节奏的“特种兵式”旅游不同,城市漫步是悠闲的,不太有目的性。A. cstly昂贵的;B. leisurely悠闲的;C. brief简短的;D. nrmal正常的。根据“While “special frces style” turists ____8____ fast pace and purpsefulness, city walkers are cmpletely slw and free. What really matters is ____9____ wandering.”可知,城市漫步是悠闲的。故选B。
    77.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在某种程度上,“特种兵式”旅游只是常规旅行的一种重复,年轻人在一个城市花 24 小时使用相同的旅行指南和入住清单。A. innvatin创新;B. lessn课程;C. repetitin重复;D. secret秘密。根据“where yung peple spend 24 hurs in a city with the same travel guides and check-in list.”可知,年轻人在一个城市花 24 小时,使用同样的旅行指南和入住清单,这是常规旅行的一种重复。故选C。
    78.考查副词词义辨析。句意:相比之下,城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市,而不必刻意在热门旅游景点加入人群,也不必在热门餐厅外排几个小时的长队。A. eagerly急切地;B. rapidly迅速地;C. freely自由地;D. precisely精确地。根据“withut deliberately jining the ____4____ at ppular turist spts r waiting in ____5____ lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs.”可知,城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市。故选C。
    79.考查名词词义辨析。句意:相比之下,城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市,而不必刻意在热门旅游景点加入人群,也不必在热门餐厅外排几个小时的长队。A. seller卖家;B. crwds人群;C. audiences观众;D. hsts主人。根据“at ppular turist spts r waiting in ____5____ lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs.”可知,此处是指加入在热门旅游景点或在热门餐厅外排长队的人群。故选B。
    80.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:相比之下,城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市,而不必刻意在热门旅游景点加入人群,也不必在热门餐厅外排几个小时的长队。A. quiet安静的;B. straight直的;C. frmal正式的;D. lng长的。根据“lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs.”和常识可知,热门餐厅外往往都排着长队。故选D。
    81.考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为当地居民,人们发现一个城市的过去和现在。A. discver发现;B. develp发展;C. remember记得;D. determine决定。根据“as a lcal resident.”可知,城市漫步让旅行者作为一个当地居民,去发现一个城市的过去和现在。故选A。
    82.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:毕竟,时间并不紧迫,旅行的需要也不再那么紧迫了。A. abundant充足的;B. unique独特的;C. precius珍贵的;D. urgent紧急的。根据“and the need fr travel is nt s pressing any mre.”可知,作为当地居民,旅行的时间并不紧迫。故选D。
    83.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“特种兵式”的游客强调快节奏和目的性,而城市漫步者则完全是缓慢而自由的。A. ignre忽视;B. understand理解;C. emphasize强调;D. explain解释。while表示对比,根据“city walkers are cmpletely slw and free.”可知,“特种兵式”旅游的游客强调旅游的快节奏和目的性。故选C。
    84.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:真正重要的是漫无目的的闲逛。A. aimless无目的的;B. ccasinal偶尔的;C. individual个人的;D. meaningless无意义的。根据“city walkers are cmpletely slw and free.”可知,城市漫步的游客完全是自由和无目的的。故选A。
    85.考查名词词义辨析。句意:人们期望通过旅行将自己从高度紧张和重复的日常生活中解放出来。A. reputatin名声;B. tensin紧张;C. expectatin期待;D. recgnitin 识别。根据“and repetitive daily life.”可知,人们旅行的目的是从高度紧生活中解放出来。张故选B。
    86.考查名词词义辨析。句意:既然休闲、放松和无目的是与城市漫步相关的词汇,那么年轻人对它如此热衷也就不足为奇了。A. creativity创造力;B. efficiency效率;C. speed速度;D. relaxatin放松。根据“Since such wrds as leisure,”和“and purpselessness are assciated with city walk,”可知,年轻人热衷城市漫步是因为其具有休闲、放松和无目的性。故选D。
    87.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:既然休闲、放松和无目的是与城市漫步相关的词汇,那么年轻人对它如此热衷也就不足为奇了。A. anxius焦虑的;B. particular特别的;C. enthusiastic热情的;D. cautius谨慎的。根据“Since such wrds as leisure, ____11____ and purpselessness are assciated with city walk,”可知,城市漫步具有休闲、放松和无目的的特点,所以年轻人热衷与此。故选C。
    88.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我们还是孩子的时候,45分钟的课程值得10分钟的休息。A. break休息;B. leave离开;C. discussin讨论;D. exercise锻炼。根据“When we were children in schl,”可知,这里指学校课间10分钟的休息。故选A。
    89.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:当我们长大并开始工作时,我们总是想要在自由时间里放松。A. std up站起来;B. grwn up长大;C. teamed up组队;D. shwn up出现。根据“and started wrking hard, we always want t ____15____ freedm in life during free time.”可知,长大后开始工作,总希望在自由时间里放松。故选B。
    90.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我们长大并开始努力工作时,我们总是希望在空闲时间追求生活中的自由。A. escape逃离;B. spread传播;C. restrict限制;D. pursue追求。根据“As we have ____14____ and started wrking hard,”可知,工作时,希望在空闲时间追求生活中的自由。故选D。
    7.(2024·江西·校联考二模)
    Like many yung Chinese, Zu had been raised frm a yung age t be “a gd student”. As lng as she fllwed the rules and wrked hard, mney and success wuld naturally fllwed. Zu had fllwed the instructins t the 91 . She aced exam after exam, winning a place at a prestigius cllege inBeijing. Hwever, when Zu sent ut a sea f jb applicatins , She didn’t just fail t 92 her preferred rle; she didn’t receive a single 93 .
    Fr Zu, the failure came as a crushing 94 . Being a high flier, she was emtinally unprepared fr such a setback. She struggled with anxiety fr mnths: unable t sleep, 95 by guilt, and feeling cmpelled t repeatedly aplgize t her parents and teachers.
    But the rdeal (磨难) has left a prfund impressin n Zu. The frmer teacher’s pet has transfrmed int a passinate 96 f what she calls the ”gd student mentality.“ In January, Zu set up a grup n Duban named “Victims f the Gd Student Mentality,” and it has quickly attracted a passinate fllwing.
    “Gd students” like Zu tend t be 97 vulnerable (脆弱的) t mental health issues. Successive studies have fund that high achievers are mre likely t 98 anxiety, depressin than the general ppulatin. This is because high achievers like Zu ften excessively rely n 99 validatin (认可) t supprt their self-esteem, leaving them unable t cpe with setbacks. Over time, students 100 the externa wrld’s evaluatin criteria as their wn standard fr self-assessment.
    It’s clear that a diverse range f yung peple can 101 victim t the “gd student mentality.” Luckily, in Chinese educatin system, there is grwing 102 that student anxiety is a serius prblem. A teacher in Shanghai, surnamed Dng, tells that “the gd student mentality” is becming ever mre prevalent, with well behaved, intrverted children 103 seeking praise and awards as a way t 104 their self esteem. If they fail t meet the schl’s incredibly high standards, there’s a risk that it will trigger an emtinal 105 .Hence, Zu recently wrte a welcme message ffering new members sme advice: “Be kind t yurself; challenge the nrms; treat yurself well.“ And, mst imprtantly:” Yu can be a “bad” kid.
    91.A.letterB.limitatinC.guidanceD.degree
    92.A.landB.missC.ccupyD.play
    93.A.jbB.fferC.applicatinD.respnse
    94.A.blwB.surpriseC.expectatinD.experience
    95.A.impressedB.verwhelmedC.filledD.buried
    96.A.supprterB.exampleC.criticD.expert
    97.A.abslutelyB.seldmC.lessD.particularly
    98.A.get rid fB.suffer frmC.live up withD.get ver
    99.A.externalB.flexibleC.psitiveD.special
    100.A.develpB.adptC.withdrawD.transfrm
    101.A.avidB.weC.fallD.change
    102.A.recgnitinB.cncernC.situatinD.fear
    103.A.penlyB.cntinuuslyC.hpefullyD.anxiusly
    104.A.riseB.bstC.advanceD.upgrade
    105.A.breakutB.breakdwnC.breakupD.breakthrugh
    【答案】
    91.A 92.A 93.B 94.A 95.B 96.C 97.D 98.B 99.A 100.B 101.C 102.A 103.B 104.B 105.B
    【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“好学生心态”进行阐述,通过一个年轻人的经历和反思,探讨了这种心态的负面影响,并呼吁人们关注学生的心理健康和自我价值的培养。
    91.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Zu不折不扣地执行了。A. letter信件;B. limitatin限制;C. guidance指导;D. degree度数、程度。根据上文“Like many yung Chinese, Zu had been raised frm a yung age t be “a gd student”. As lng as she fllwed the rules and wrked hard, mney and success wuld naturally fllwed.”以及下文“She aced exam after exam, winning a place at a prestigius cllege in Beijing.”可知,Zu一直很听话,所以一直在不折不扣的地执行好学生的标准。考查短语“t the letter”,意为“严格地、丝毫不差地”,符合句意。故选A。
    92.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,当Zu发出了大量的求职申请时,她不仅没有找到自己喜欢的职位;她没有收到任何工作邀请。A. land降落、得到;B. miss错过;C. ccupy占据;D. play玩。根据下文“she didn’t receive a single____3____.”以及“Fr Zu, the failure came as a crushing____4____.”可知,Zu发出了很多求职信,但是并没有得到自己喜欢的职位。故选A。
    93.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,当Zu发出了大量的求职申请时,她不仅没有找到自己喜欢的职位;她没有收到任何工作邀请。A. jb工作;B. ffer提议;C. applicatin申请、运用;D. respnse回复。根据下文“Fr Zu, the failure came as a crushing____4____.”可知,她并未得到工作邀约。故选B。
    94.考查名词词义辨析。句意:对Zu来说,这次失败是一个沉重的打击。A. blw打击;B. surprise惊讶;C. expectatin期待;D. experience经历。根据下文“Being a high flier, she was emtinally unprepared fr such a setback. She struggled with anxiety fr mnths”可知,这次失败对她而言是一个沉重的打击。故选A。
    95.考查动词词义辨析。句意:几个月来,她一直在焦虑中挣扎:无法入睡,内疚不堪重负,不得不反复向父母和老师道歉。A. impressed使有印象;B. verwhelmed打击、压倒;C. filled填充;D. buried埋葬。根据上文“unable t sleep”以及下文“feeling cmpelled t repeatedly aplgize t her parents and teachers”可知,她的内心被内疚所击垮。故选B。
    96.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位前老师的宠儿已经转变为她所谓的“好学生心态”的热情批评者。A. supprter支持者;B. example例子;C. critic评论家;D. expert专家。根据下文“In January, Zu set up a grup n Duban named “Victims f the Gd Student Mentality,” and it has quickly attracted a passinate fllwing.”可知,Zu开始批判这种好学生心态。故选C。
    97.考查副词词义辨析。句意:像Zu这样的“好学生”往往特别容易受到心理健康问题的影响。A. abslutely绝对地;B. seldm很少;C. less更少;D. particularly尤其地。根据上文Zu的痛苦以及下文“Successive studies have fund that high achievers are mre likely t____8____ anxiety, depressin than the general ppulatin.”可知,高成就者更容易焦虑。由此可知,Zu这样的好学生特别容易受到心理健康问题的影响。故选D。
    98.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:连续的研究发现,高成就者比普通人更容易焦虑、抑郁。A. get rid f摆脱;B. suffer frm遭受;C. live up with忍受;D. get ver克服。根据上文““Gd students” like Zu tend t be____7____vulnerable(脆弱的) t mental health issues.”可知,Zu这样的好学生更容易有精神上的问题。由此可知,高成就者更容易焦虑。故选B。
    99.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这是因为像Zu这样的高成就者经常过度依赖外部认可来支持他们的自尊,使他们无法应对挫折。A. external外部的;B. flexible灵活的;C. psitive积极的;D. special特别的。根据下文“Over time, students ____10____ the externa wrld’s evaluatin criteria as their wn standard fr self-assessment.”可知,高成就者会依赖外部认可来支持他们的自尊。故选A。
    100.考查动词词义辨析。句意:随着时间的推移,学生们将外部世界的评价标准作为自己的自我评价标准。A. develp发展;B. adpt领养、采纳;C. withdraw撤退;D. transfrm改变。根据上文“This is because high achievers like Zu ften excessively rely n ____9____ validatin(认可) t supprt their self-esteem, leaving them unable t cpe with setbacks.”可知,高成就者会依赖外部认可来维持自尊,也就是说,他们会将外部世界的评价标准作为自我评价的标准。故选B。
    101.考查动词词义辨析。句意:很明显,各种各样的年轻人都可能成为“好学生心态”的受害者。A. avid避免;B. we欠;归功于;C. fall落下、成为;D. change改变。根据空后的“In January, Zu set up a grup n Duban named “Victims f the Gd Student Mentality,” and it has quickly attracted a passinate fllwing.”可知,很多人都成为好学生心态的受害者。考查短语:fall victim t,意为“成为……的受害者”。故选C。
    102.考查名词词义辨析。句意:幸运的是,在中国的教育体系中,越来越多的人认识到学生焦虑是一个严重的问题。A. recgnitin认可、意识到;B. cncern担忧;C. situatin形势;D. fear害怕。根据下文“A teacher in Shanghai, surnamed Dng, tells that “the gd student mentality” is becming ever mre prevalent, with well behaved, intrverted children____13____seeking praise and awards as a way t ____14____their self esteem.”可知,越来越多的人认识到学生焦虑是个严重的问题。故选A。
    103.考查副词词义辨析。句意:上海一位姓董的老师表示,“好学生心态”正变得越来越普遍,表现良好、内向的孩子不断寻求表扬和奖励,以此来增强他们的自尊。A. penly公开地;B. cntinuusly持续地;C. hpefully充满希望地;D. anxiusly焦虑地。根据第一段“As lng as she fllwed the rules and wrked hard, mney and success wuld naturally fllwed. Zu had fllwed the instructins t the____1____. She aced exam after exam, winning a place at a prestigius cllege in Beijing.”可知,这些孩子是在不断地寻求表扬和奖励。故选B。
    104.考查动词词义辨析。句意:上海一位姓董的老师表示,“好学生心态”正变得越来越普遍,表现良好、内向的孩子不断寻求表扬和奖励,以此来增强他们的自尊。A. rise上升;B. bst提高、增加;C. advance前进;D. upgrade升级、提高。根据上文“This is because high achievers like Zu ften excessively rely n ____9____ validatin(认可) t supprt their self-esteem, leaving them unable t cpe with setbacks.”可知,这些孩子需要外部的认可来增强自尊。故选B。
    105.考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果他们达不到学校极高的标准,就有可能引发情绪崩溃。A. breakut爆发;B. breakdwn崩溃;C. breakup破裂;D. breakthrugh突破。根据上文““Gd students” like Zu tend t be____7____vulnerable(脆弱的) t mental health issues. Successive studies have fund that high achievers are mre likely t____8____ anxiety, depressin than the general ppulatin.”以及“It’s clear that a diverse range f yung peple can____11____victim t the “gd student mentality.””可推测,这些孩子一旦达不到学校的极高标准,就会情绪崩溃。故选B。
    8.(2024上·江苏南通·高三统考期中)
    A typical lin tamer (驯兽师) in peple’s mind is an entertainer hlding a whip (鞭) and a chair. The whip gets all f the attentin, but it’s 106 fr shw. In reality, it’s the chair that des the imprtant wrk. When a lin tamer hlds a chair in frnt f the lin’s face, the lin tries t 107 all fur legs f the chair at the same time. With its fcus 108 , the lin becmes cnfused and is 109 abut what t d next. When faced with s many 110 , the lin chses t freeze and wait instead f attacking the man hlding the chair.
    Hw ften d yu find yurself in the same 111 as the lin? Hw ften d yu have smething yu want t achieve (e. g. lse weight, start a business, travel mre) — nly t end up cnfused by all f the ptins in frnt f yu and 112 make prgress?
    This 113 me t n end because while all the experts are busy 114 abut which ptin is best, the peple wh want t imprve their lives are left cnfused by all f the 115 infrmatin. The end 116 is that we feel like we can’t fcus r that we’re fcused n the wrng things, and s we take less actin, make less prgress, and stay the same when we culd be 117 .
    It desn’t have t be that way. Anytime yu find the wrld waving a 118 in yur face, remember this: All yu need t d is fcus n ne thing. Yu just need t get started. Starting befre yu feel 119 is ne f the habits f successful peple. If yu have smewhere yu want t g, smething yu want t accmplish, smene yu want t becme, take 120 actin. If yu’re clear abut where yu want t g, the rest f the wrld will either help yu get there r get ut f the way.
    106.A.rarelyB.mstlyC.nearlyD.merely
    107.A.stand upB.raise upC.rely nD.fcus n
    108.A.dividedB.limitedC.extendedD.strengthened
    109.A.seriusB.unsureC.curiusD.skeptical
    110.A.bndsB.nticesC.ptinsD.desires
    111.A.emtinB.reputatinC.psitinD.generatin
    112.A.neverB.alwaysC.ftenD.already
    113.A.upsetsB.relievesC.impressesD.mves
    114.A.speakingB.wrryingC.cmplainingD.debating
    115.A.exchangingB.encuragingC.damagingD.cnflicting
    116.A.effectB.resultC.studyD.prblem
    117.A.defendingB.cnfusingC.imprvingD.weeping
    118.A.whipB.meatC.chairD.hand
    119.A.readyB.pleasantC.regretfulD.frzen
    120.A.rderlyB.preciseC.rigidD.immediate
    【答案】
    106.B 107.D 108.A 109.B 110.C 111.C 112.A 113.A 114.D 115.D 116.B 117.C 118.C 119.A 120.D
    【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文通过描述驯兽师驯狮子的过程,让我们了解到“当你发现这个世界在你的面前挥舞着椅子时,你要做的事情就是把注意力集中在一件事情上,你需要的就是开始”。
    106.考查副词词义辨析。句意:鞭子吸引了所有的注意力,但它主要是为了表演。A. rarely罕见地;B. mstly通常,主要地;C. nearly几乎;D. merely仅仅。根据“A typical lin tamer (驯兽师) in peple’s mind is an entertainer hlding a whip (鞭) and a chair.”可知,使用鞭子是为了表演。故选B。
    107.考查动词短语辨析。句意:当驯兽师把椅子举到狮子面前时,狮子会试图同时注意椅子的四条腿。A. stand up站起来;B. raise up举起;C. rely n依靠;D. fcus n集中于,专注于。根据“With its fcus 3 ”可知,椅子是为了让狮子把注意力集中在四条腿上。故选D。
    108.考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于注意力分散,狮子变得困惑,不确定下一步该做什么。A. divided分开,划分;B. limited限制;C. extended扩大,扩展;D. strengthened加强。根据“When a lin tamer hlds a chair in frnt f the lin’s face, the lin tries t 2 all fur legs f the chair at the same time.”可知,椅子分散了狮子的注意力。故选A。
    109.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. serius严重的;B. unsure不确定的;C. curius好奇的;D. skeptical怀疑的。根据“With its fcus 3 , the lin becmes cnfused”可知,注意力被分散后,狮子感到困惑,不确定接下来该做什么。故选B。
    110.考查名词词义辨析。句意:面对如此多的选择,狮子选择静止等待,而不是攻击拿着椅子的人。A. bnds联系,连接;B. ntices通知;C. ptins选择;D. desires欲望,愿望。根据“the lin chses t freeze and wait”可知,狮子面临很多选择。故选C。
    111.考查名词词义辨析。句意:你有多少次发现自己和狮子处于同样的境地?A. emtin情感,情绪;B. reputatin名声,名誉;C. psitin位置;D. generatin一代。根据下文“Hw ften d yu have smething yu want t achieve (e. g. lse weight, start a business, travel mre) — nly t end up cnfused by all f the ptins in frnt f yu and 7 make prgress?”可知,此处把人的行为和狮子的行为进行类比,因此是处于相同的境地。故选C。
    112.考查副词词义辨析。句意:你有多少次想要实现某件事(比如减肥、创业、多旅行),但最后却被摆在你面前的所有选择搞糊涂了,而且从未取得进展?A. never从未;B. always总是;C. ften经常;D. already已经。根据“nly t end up cnfused by all f the ptins in frnt f yu”可知,因为被众多选择迷惑了,所以从来没有进步。故选A。
    113.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这让我心烦意乱,因为当所有的专家都在忙着争论哪个选择是最好的时候,那些想要改善生活的人却被所有相互矛盾的信息所迷惑。A. upsets使烦恼;B. relieves宽慰;C. impresses使印象深刻;D. mves移动,搬家。根据“the peple wh want t imprve their lives are left cnfused”可知,作者因为感到困惑而心烦意乱。故选A。
    114.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. speaking说话;B. wrrying担心;C. cmplaining抱怨;D. debating争论,辩论。根据“which ptin is best”可知,专家们在争论哪个选择是最好的。故选D。
    115.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. exchanging交换,交流;B. encuraging鼓励;C. damaging损坏,伤害;D. cnflicting冲突,抵触。根据“all the experts are busy 9 abut which ptin is best, the peple wh want t imprve their lives are left cnfused”可知,因为各种专家争论的观点不一样,导致那些想要改善生活的人却被所有相互矛盾的信息所迷惑。故选D。
    116.考查名词词义辨析。句意:最终的结果是,我们觉得我们无法集中注意力,或者我们把注意力集中在错误的事情上,所以我们采取的行动更少,进步更少,在我们可以提高的时候保持不变。A. effect影响;B. result结果;C. study研究;D. prblem问题。根据“that we feel like we can’t fcus r that we’re fcused n the wrng things, and s we take less actin, make less prgress”可知,这是专家争论导致个人在做选择时感到迷惑,进而造成的不良结果。故选B。
    117.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. defending防御;B. cnfusing使困惑;C. imprving提高,改善;D. weeping流泪。根据“the peple wh want t imprve their lives”可知,此处表示提高。故选C。
    118.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当你发现这个世界在你面前挥舞一把椅子时,记住这一点:你所需要做的就是专注于一件事。A. whip鞭;B. meat肉;C. chair椅子;D. hand手。根据上文“When a lin tamer hlds a chair in frnt f the lin’s face,”可知,此处是信息词chair的词汇复现。故选C。
    119.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在你觉得准备好之前就开始是成功人士的习惯之一。A. ready准备好的;B. pleasant令人愉快的;C. regretful后悔的;D. frzen吓呆的,结冰的。根据“Yu just need t get started.”可知,作者建议在觉得准备好之前就开始。故选A。
    120.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:如果你有你想去的地方,你想完成的事情,你想成为的人,立即采取行动。A. rderly整洁的,有秩序的;B. precise精确的;C. rigid僵硬的,死板的;D. immediate立刻的。根据“Starting befre yu feel 14 is ne f the habits f successful peple.”可知,作者建议有了想法就要立刻采取行动。故选D。
    9.(2024·四川绵阳·校联考模拟预测)
    Winter ges and summer cmes. The tides 121 ; the tides withdraw. All nature is a circle f mds and I am a 122 f nature. It is ne f nature’s 123 , little understd, that each day I 124 with mds that have changed frm yesterday. Inside me is a wheel, 125 turning. Like the flwers, tday’s full blssm will 126 , yet I will remember tday’s dead flwer carries the seed f tmrrw’s blssm.
    And hw will I master these emtins s that each day will be 127 ? Trees and plants depend n the weather t 128 , but I make my wn weather. I 129 it with me. If I bring enthusiasm t my custmers, they will 130 with enthusiasm and my weather will prduce a harvest f sales and a lt f gld fr me. I will learn this secret: weak is he wh permits his thughts t cntrl his actins; strng is he wh 131 his actins t cntrl his thughts. Each day I will fllw this plan f battle befre I am 132 by the frces f sadness, 133 and failure. I will knw nly thse with inferir(较次的) ability can always be 134 , and I am nt inferir. If I feel depressed I will sing. If I feel 135 I will remember my gals.Yet, sme emtins apprach me with a smile, which can als destry me. If I becme verly prud, I will remember my weaknesses. If I feel my skill is 136 , I will lk at the stars.
    With this new knwledge I will make 137 f a persn’s anger f tday, fr he desn’t knw the secret f cntrlling his mind. N lnger will I judge a man n ne 138 . This secret will be my key t great wealth. Frm this mment I am 139 t cntrl whatever persnality awakes in me each day. I will cntrl my fate, which is t becme the greatest 140 in the wrld!
    121.A.advanceB.disappearC.existD.fall
    122.A.nativeB.clleagueC.supprterD.part
    123.A.jkesB.secretsC.experiencesD.awards
    124.A.break inB.wake upC.take ffD.give ut
    125.A.cnstantlyB.temprarilyC.casuallyD.elegantly
    126.A.appearB.blwC.fadeD.spread
    127.A.anxiusB.naturalC.additinalD.prductive
    128.A.swB.grwC.separateD.shelter
    129.A.fldB.fllwC.carryD.lad
    130.A.reactB.reviewC.reciteD.repeat
    131.A.btainsB.regardsC.allwsD.bserves
    132.A.chsenB.seizedC.receivedD.witnessed
    133.A.self-awareness B.self-cntrlC.self-esteemD.self-pity
    134.A.behind the scene B.n the bttm line C.at the end f the rpe D.ut f sight
    135.A.insignificantB.imprperC.impliteD.uncnscius
    136.A.cncreteB.inadequateC.abstractD.unmatched
    137.A.useB.funC.sureD.sense
    138.A.viewB.meetingC.experimentD.idim
    139.A.limitedB.reservedC.preparedD.afraid
    140.A.salesmanB.playerC.architectD.designer
    【答案】
    121.A 122.D 123.B 124.B 125.A 126.C 127.D 128.B 129.C 130.A 131.C 132.B 133.D 134.C 135.A 136.D 137.D 138.B 139.C 140.A
    【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者认为冬去春来,潮起潮落。自然界万物都在循环往复的变化中,而我们能做的只有学会控制自己的情绪才能让自己的一生有所成效。
    121.考查动词词义辨析。句意:潮起潮落。A. advance提高、前进;B. disappear消失;C. exist存在;D. fall倒下。根据上文“Winter ges and summer cmes.”中的“ges”和“cmes”可知,空处和下文动词“withdraw”相反,指的是浪潮前行。故选A。
    122.考查名词词义辨析。句意:自然界万物都在循环往复的变化中,我也是其中一部分。A. native本地人;B. clleague同事;C. supprter支持者;D. part 部分。根据常理推测,每个人都是天地万物的一部分。故选D。
    123.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是大自然的一个秘密,很少有人窥破天机:每天我醒来时,不再有旧日的心情。A. jkes笑话;B. secrets秘密;C. experiences经历;D. awards 奖励。根据上文“Winter ges and summer cmes. The tides___1___; the tides withdraw. All nature is a circle f mds and I am a___2___f nature.”可知,这是自然发展的秘密,没有人知道原因。故选B。
    124.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:这是大自然的一个秘密,很少有人窥破天机:每天我醒来时,不再有旧日的心情。A. break in破门而入;B. wake up醒来;C. take ff脱下、起飞;D. give ut 分发。根据最后一段“Frm this mment I am___19___t cntrl whatever persnality awakes in me each day.”可知,作者指的是每天早上醒来时,心情都会不一样。故选B。
    125.考查副词词义辨析。句意:我心中像有个轮子,不停地转动。A. cnstantly不断地、不停地;B. temprarily暂时地;C. casually随意地;D. elegantly 优雅地。根据上文“Inside me is a wheel”可知,作者指的是内心有个轮子,在不停地转动。故选A。
    126.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这就像花儿的变化一样,今天的盛放明天也会凋谢,但我要记住今天枯败的花儿蕴藏着明天新生的种子。A. appear出现;B. blw吹;C. fade褪色、凋谢;D. spread 蔓延。根据下文“I will remember tday’s dead flwer carries the seed f tmrrw’s blssm.”可知,作者认为今日枯萎的花朵蕴藏着明天新生种子,所以空处指的是盛放终会凋谢。故选C。
    127.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我怎样才能控制这些情绪,让每一天都富有成效呢?A. anxius焦虑的;B. natural自然的;C. additinal额外的;D. prductive 多产的、有成效的。根据下文“If I bring enthusiasm t my custmers, they will___10___with enthusiasm and my weather will prduce a harvest f sales and a lt f gld fr me.”以及本段内容可知,作者是希望控制自己的情绪从而让自己的生活富有成效。故选D。
    128.考查动词词义辨析。句意:花草树木,依靠天气而生长,但是我为自己创造天气。A. sw播种;B. grw成长;C. separate分离;D. shelter庇护。根据空前“Trees and plants depend n the weather”可知,根据常理推测,花草树木是依靠天气而生长。故选B。
    129.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我要自己承载自己的天气。A. fld折叠;B. fllw追随;C. carry承载、携带;D. lad 装载。根据上文“I make my wn weather”可知,作者觉得花草树木依靠天气而生长,所以作者要创造自己的天气,作者所谓的天气就是指的是让自己一天有成效的心情。由此判断,作者是要掌控自己的情绪,也就是要承载自己的天气。故选C。
    130.考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我给我的顾客带来热情,他们会以热情回应,我的天气将为我带来销售的收获和大量的金钱回报。A. react反应;B. review复习、评论;C. recite背诵;D. repeat 重复。根据上文“If I bring enthusiasm t my custmers”可知,作者的意思是如果作者给顾客带去热情,那么也会得到热情的回应。故选A。
    131.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我要学会这个秘诀:弱者任思绪控制行为,强者让行为控制思绪。A. btains包含;B. regards认为;C. allws允许;D. bserves 观察。根据上文“weak is he wh permits his thughts t cntrl his actins”可知,空处单词和“permit”意思相近,选项C“allw”,意为“允许、让”。故选C。
    132.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每天,在被悲伤、自怜和失败的情绪抓住之前,我就这样与之对抗。A. chsen选择;B. seized抓住;C. received接收;D. witnessed 见证。根据上文“Each day I will fllw this plan f battle”可知,作者每天都在与消极情绪作斗争,所以空处指的是作者被消极情绪所掌控。故选B。
    133.考查名词词义辨析。句意:每天,在被悲伤、自怜和失败的情绪包围之前,我就这样与之对抗。A. self-awareness自我意识;B. self-cntrl自我控制;C. self-esteem自尊;D. self-pity 自怜。根据空前“sadness”以及空后“failure”可知,空处是表示消极情绪的名词。故选D。
    134.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:我要知道,只有低能者才会江郎才尽,我并非低能者。A. behind the scene幕后;B. n the bttm line底线;C. at the end f the rpe束手无策、江郎才尽;D. ut f sight看不见。根据上文内容可知,作者不希望自己被消极情绪击败,并渴望自己的成功,由此判断,作者认为只有低能者才会束手无策。故选C。
    135.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我感到自己无关紧要时,我会想起我的目标。A. insignificant无关紧要的;B. imprper不恰当的;C. implite不礼貌的;D. uncnscius 无意识的。根据上文“If I feel depressed I will sing.”可知,面对挫折,作者会努力保持积极乐观的态度。由此判断,作者在觉得自己渺小的时候会记住自己的目标。故选A。
    136.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:如果我觉得我自己的技能无与伦比的,我就仰望星空。A. cncrete具体的;B. inadequate不充分的;C. abstract抽象的;D. unmatched 无与伦比的。根据下文“I will lk at the stars.”可知,作者会仰望星空。根据上文“If I becme verly prud, I will remember my weaknesses.”可知,作者在骄傲的时候会记住自己有弱点。由此判断,作者仰望天空是怕自己太过自满,所以空处指的是当作者觉得自己的技能无与伦比时,他会仰望星空提醒自己的渺小。故选D。
    137.考查名词词义辨析。句意:有了这些新知识,我就能理解一个人今天的愤怒,因为他不知道控制自己情绪的秘诀。A. use使用;B. fun乐趣;C. sure确信的;D. sense 感觉。考查短语:make sense f,意为“理解、明白”。根据上文可知,作者明白了一个人愤怒的原因是因为不知道如何控制自己的情绪。故选D。
    138.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我再也不会凭一次会面来判断一个人了。A. view观点;B. meeting会面、见面;C. experiment实验;D. idim 俗语。根据上文可知,作者会理解一个人的愤怒。由此判断,作者指的是不会仅凭一次会面就判断一个人的好坏。故选B。
    139.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:从这一刻起,我准备好控制自己每天醒来的个性。A. limited有限的;B. reserved预定的;C. prepared准备充分的;D. afraid 害怕的。根据上文内容可知,作者明白了一个人情绪变化的原因,由此判断,作者已经准备好每天醒来时面对自己变化的个性。故选C。
    140.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我要掌握自己的命运,那就是成为世界上最伟大的推销员!A. salesman销售员;B. player玩家;C. architect建筑师;D. designer设计者。根据上文“If I bring enthusiasm t my custmers, they will 10 with enthusiasm and my weather will prduce a harvest f sales and a lt f gld fr me.”可知,作者是一名销售员,所以作者希望成为世界上最伟大的销售员。故选A。
    10.(2024上·贵州贵阳·高三贵阳一中校考)
    My phne was an extensin f myself. I culdn’t g anywhere 141 it. I scrlled thrugh my friends’ 142 int late night and turned my phne n befre my eyes were fully pen. I enjyed having it until that day when I realized that what had started as a useful tl had turned int a(n) 143 . S, I made a 144 decisin t turn ff that smartphne and 145 my ld dumb phne ut f hiding.
    When I was watching TV shws r mvies and there was a bring part, I 146 picking up the phne and checking ut “what everyne else was ding.” Nw I had t pay attentin r find a way t 147 myself with my thughts instead. When I visited New Yrk City, I had t write ut 148 and ask peple where an intersectin (十字路口) was 149 pulling ut my phne.
    I have welcmed silence int my life with pen arms and am enjying the increased 150 frm nt cnstantly having t fight with the 151 t check my phne while I’m trying t get smething dne. I am allwing my thughts t speak t me instead f my phne. I am cnnecting with thers in a 152 way that isn’t all abut me. Instead f always psting abut what’s ging n in my 153 perfect life, I am cnnecting with my friends ne-n-ne, talking abut the reality f ur lives and being there fr them frm a place f 154 .
    As much as having a smartphne was 155 , nt having ne is freeing n a much bigger level.
    141.A.thrughB.withutC.despiteD.upn
    142.A.updatesB.instructinsC.assessmentsD.decisins
    143.A.symblB.respnsibilityC.realityD.addictin
    144.A.cnsciusB.shamefulC.flishD.randm
    145.A.sellB.pullC.thrwD.mind
    146.A.avidedB.deniedC.missedD.allwed
    147.A.assistB.imprveC.assciateD.ccupy
    148.A.requestsB.thughtsC.directinsD.cmments
    149.A.instead fB.regardless fC.but frD.apart frm
    150.A.creativityB.prductivityC.knwledgeD.independence
    151.A.rutineB.necessityC.lnelinessD.temptatin
    152.A.genuineB.gratefulC.directD.desperate
    153.A.naturallyB.certainlyC.seeminglyD.gradually
    154.A.wnderB.imaginatinC.interestD.authenticity
    155.A.depressiveB.cmfrtableC.stressfulD.bring
    【答案】
    141.B 142.A 143.D 144.A 145.B 146.C 147.D 148.C 149.A 150.B 151.D 152.A 153.C 154.D 155.B
    【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者曾沉迷于手机,后来意识到手机成了负担。于是关掉智能手机,用老式手机。不再随时查看手机,学会享受平静,更注重人际关系。作者感到自由,强调了不拥有智能手机的解脱感。
    141.考查介词词义辨析。句意:没有它我哪儿也去不了。A. thrugh通过;B. withut没有;C. despite尽管;D. upn在……之上。根据上文“an extensin f myself”和下文“int late night and turned my phne n befre my eyes were fully pen”可推知,手机成为了作者的一部分,所以没有手机他哪儿也去不了。故选B项。
    142.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我翻看朋友们的更新直到深夜,还没完全睁开眼睛就打开了手机。A. updates更新;B. instructins指示;C. assessments评估;D. decisins决定。结合常识和句中“scrlled thrugh (滚动浏览)”可推知,作者翻看的是朋友在社交网络上更新的内容。故选A项。
    143.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我很喜欢用它,直到有一天我意识到,它原本是一个有用的工具,但后来变成了一种瘾。A. symbl象征;B. respnsibility责任;C. reality现实;D. addictin上瘾。根据上文“I scrlled thrugh my friends’ 2 int late night and turned my phne n befre my eyes were fully pen.”可知,作者在手机上翻看朋友们的更新直到深夜,还没完全睁开眼睛就打开了手机,说明他已经对手机上瘾。故选D项。
    144.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所以,我做了一个慎重的的决定,关掉智能手机,把我的旧手机从藏起来的地方取出来。A. cnscius慎重的;B. shameful可耻的;C. flish愚蠢的;D. randm随机的。根据上文“I realized that what had started as a useful tl had turned int a(n) 3 ”可知,作者知道自己对手机上瘾,所以决定关掉智能手机用旧的老式手机,这是他有意识的、慎重的决定。故选A项。
    145.考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以,我做了一个有意识的决定,关掉智能手机,把我的旧手机从藏起来的地方取出来。A. sell卖;B. pull拉,拔出,取出;C. thrw扔;D. mind在意。根据上文“turn ff that smartphne”和下文“ld dumb phne ut f hiding”可推知,作者要收好智能手机,拿出老式旧手机来使用。故选B项。
    146.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我在看电视节目或电影,看到其中一个无聊的部分时,我就想着拿起手机看看“其他人都在做什么。”。A. avided避免;B. denied否认;C. missed想念;D. allwed允许。结合常识和上文“there was a bring part”与下文“checking ut “what everyne else was ding.””可推知,对手机上瘾的人只要一有空,就会想着拿出手机看看。故选C项。
    147.考查动词词义辨析。句意:现在我必须集中注意力,或者找到一种方法让自己沉浸在我的思想中。A. assist协助;B. imprve改善;C. assciate联想;D. ccupy使忙于,使一直在想。根据上文“pay attentin”和下文“with my thughts”要推知,现在作者想要戒掉手机瘾,所以他要让自己专注于自己的思考,不去想手机;ccupy myself with my thughts“让自己沉浸在思考中”。故选D项。
    148.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我访问纽约市时,我不得不写下路线,并询问人们十字路口在哪里,而不是掏出我的手机。A. requests请求;B. thughts思考;C. directins(指示路线的)说明;D. cmments评论。根据上文可知,作者收起了智能手机,结合下文“ask peple where an intersectin (十字路口)”可推知,没有了智能手机,作者只能写下行走的路线并问路。故选C项。
    149.考查介词短语辨析。句意:当我访问纽约市时,我不得不写下路线,并询问人们十字路口在哪里,而不是掏出我的手机。A. instead f而不是;B. regardless f不管;C. but fr要不是;D. apart frm除了。根据上文“write ut 8 and ask peple where an intersectin (十字路口) was”可知,作者没有了智能手机,只能写下行走的路线并问路,而不是掏出智能手机查询。故选A项。
    150.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我张开双臂欢迎平静进入我的生活,我很享受生产效率的提高,因为在我想要完成某事的时候,我不必总是与查看手机的诱惑作斗争。A. creativity创造力;B. prductivity生产效率;C. knwledge知识;D. independence独立。根据下文“t check my phne while I’m trying t get smething dne”可知,作者以前在想要完成某事的时候,总是要与查看手机的诱惑作斗争,而现在没有了智能手机,拥有了平静,由此推知,他的工作效率和生产效率会得到提高。故选B项。
    151.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我张开双臂欢迎安静进入我的生活,我很享受效率的提高,因为在我想要完成某事的时候,我不必总是与查看手机的诱惑作斗争。A. rutine例行公事;B. necessity必要性;C. lneliness孤独;D. temptatin诱惑。结合常识和上文“fight with”与“t check my phne”可推知,作者以前在想要完成某事的时候,会受到想要查看手机的诱惑。故选D项。
    152.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我以一种真诚的方式与他人交流,而不只是关于我自己。A. genuine真诚的;B. grateful感激的;C. direct直接的;D. desperate绝望的。根据下文“I am cnnecting with my friends ne-n-ne, talking abut the reality f ur lives and being there fr them...”可知,现在作者与朋友一对一的真诚的交流。故选A项。
    153.考查副词词义辨析。句意:我不再总是发布我看似完美的生活中发生了什么,而是与我的朋友们一对一地联系,谈论我们生活的现实,从一个真实的地方为他们提供帮助。A. naturally自然地;B. certainly当然;C. seemingly貌似,看似;D. gradually逐渐地。根据下文“talking abut the reality f ur lives”可推知,之前所以发布的内容是看似完美的生活,并不是现实的生活。故选C项。
    154.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我不再总是发布我看似完美的生活中发生了什么,而是与我的朋友们一对一地联系,谈论我们生活的现实,从一个真实的地方为他们提供帮助。A. wnder惊奇;B. imaginatin想象力;C. interest兴趣;D. authenticity真实性。根据上文“I am cnnecting with my friends ne-n-ne, talking abut the reality f ur lives”可知,作者不再使用智能手机,不再发布看似完美的生活中事情,现在与朋友们一对一地联系,谈论我们生活的现实,由此推知,作者现与朋友的交往是立足于真实的自己或者真实的位置。故选D项。
    155.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:和拥有智能手机带来安逸一样,不用智能手机是在更大的层面上的一种解脱。A. depressive沮丧的;B. cmfrtable舒适的,安逸的;C. stressful有压力的;D. bring无聊的。根据上文“as much as(与……一样多)”和下文“nt having ne is freeing n a much bigger level”可知,句中把拥有智能手机和不用智能手机进行了比较,陈述了两者的优点,结合常识和上文可知,拥有智能手机带来便利和安逸。故选B项。
    11.(2024上·四川成都·高三树德中学校考期末)
    We have all heard hw time is mre valuable than mney, but is it 156 t have t much?
    I 157 back in high schl I spent mst f my day at schl since I als 158 a team sprt. By the time I gt hme, I nly had a few hurs t d my hmewrk, and I had t d it 159 .
    When I gt int cllege, things 160 . I suddenly fund myself ut f class befre nn time. Because f all this 161 time, there was n sense f 162 t d my schl wrk immediately. I was perfrming this actin f waiting until it later became a 163 . Once that happened, I just kept 164 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I gt t the pint where I was 165 really late at night t get my wrk dne.
    One day I 166 a frmer classmate f mine wh was 167 a lt f mney running a sideline (副业). Since his regular jb was 168 , I asked him why he just didn’t d his sideline full-time. He said withut the jb, he wuld 169 have t much time and wuld just d what I did back in 170 . He said that if he 171 the jb, he wuld lse his 172 t wrk and succeed.
    S, try 173 yur time with ther wrk. This is why there is a 174 that if yu want smething dne, ask a 175 persn t d it.
    156.A.trueB.fairC.strangeD.pssible
    157.A.admitB.rememberC.understandD.expect
    158.A.playedB.lvedC.cachedD.watched
    159.A.at lastB.right awayC.f curseD.as usual
    160.A.happenedB.repeatedC.matteredD.changed
    161.A.difficultB.extraC.valuableD.limited
    162.A.dutyB.directinC.urgencyD.achievement
    163.A.burdenB.reliefC.riskD.habit
    164.A.settingB.takingC.pushingD.calling
    165.A.staying upB.hanging utC.jgging rundD.shwing ff
    166.A.treatedB.helpedC.metD.hired
    167.A.raisingB.wastingC.demandingD.making
    168.A.safeB.imprtantC.bringD.rewarding
    169.A.luckilyB.hardlyC.hpefullyD.simply
    170.A.cllegeB.childhdC.twnD.business
    171.A.fundB.quitC.acceptedD.kept
    172.A.heartB.chanceC.driveD.way
    173.A.filling upB.savingC.giving upD.trading
    174.A.sayingB.stryC.messageD.fact
    175.A.busyB.carefulC.reliableD.kind
    【答案】
    156.D 157.B 158.A 159.B 160.D 161.B 162.C 163.D 164.C 165.A 166.C 167.D 168.C 169.D 170.A 171.B 172.C 173.A 174.A 175.A
    【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者因为在大学的空闲时间太多而养成了拖沓的习惯,相比之下他的同学利用副业挣了很多钱,作者奉劝人们要充分利用时间才可能获得成功。
    156.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们都曾经听说过时间比金钱更珍贵,但是怎样有可能拥有更多的时间呢?A. true真的;B. fair公平的;C. strange奇怪的;D. pssible可能的。根据前文“We have all heard hw time is mre valuable than mney, but is it”及转折连词but可知,人们认为时间比金钱更重要,对于珍贵的时间作者提出疑问:是否有可能获得更多的时间?此处的疑问句作用是引起下文。故选D项。
    157.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我记得在高中的时候,我大部分时间都在学校度过,因为我也参加了团队运动。A. admit承认;B. remember记得;C. understand理解;D. expect期待。根据后文“back in high schl I spent mst f my day at schl”可知,作者在回忆高中生活,即记起了高中,故选B项。
    158.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我记得在高中的时候,我大部分时间都在学校度过,因为我也参加了团队运动。A. played参加;B. lved爱上;C. cached训练;D. watched观看。根据后文“a team sprt”可知,作者是参加了一个团体运动,play意为“参加运动”符合句意。故选A项。
    159.考查介词短语辨析。句意:当我到家的时候,我只有几个小时的时间做作业,我就必须立刻去做。A. at last最后;B. right away立刻;C. f curse当然;D. as usual像平常一样。根据前文“I nly had a few hurs t d my hmewrk”可知,作者只有几个小时的时间做作业,推断出作者回家就得立刻做作业。故选B项。
    160.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我上了大学,事情改变了。A. happened发生;B. repeated重复;C. mattered有关系;D. changed改变。根据后文“I suddenly fund myself ut f class befre nn time.(我发现上大学以后在中午之前是没有课的)”可知,作者上大学后时间充裕和之前上高中时情况完全不同,即有了改变。故选D项。
    161.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:因为有了这些额外的时间就没有了立刻做家庭作业的紧迫感。A. difficult困难的;B. extra额外的;C. valuable有价值的;D. limited有限的。根据前文“I suddenly fund myself ut f class befre nn time.”可知,作者中午之前的时间都是没有事情做的,所以对他来说是额外的时间。故选B项。
    162.考查名词词义辨析。句意:因为有了这些额外的时间就没有了立刻做家庭作业的紧迫感。A. duty责任;B. directin指导;C. urgency紧急;D. achievement成就。根据后文“I was perfrming this actin f waiting until it later became a ____8____.”可知,作者已经把等待这个行为变成了习惯,推断出他在做作业这件事上没有紧迫感。故选C项。
    163.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我一直在执行这个等待的行为,直到它后来变成了一个习惯。A. burden负担;B. relief安慰;C. risk风险;D. habit习惯。根据后文“Once that happened, I just kept ____9____ my studying further and further back in my day.”可知作者每天不停把作业往后拖,推断出作者养成了拖延的习惯。故选D项。
    164.考查动词词义辨析。句意:一旦那种情况发生,在我的生活里我就不把我的学业推得越来越远。A. setting放置;B. taking带去;C. pushing推动;D. calling称呼。根据后文“Then I gt t the pint where I was ____10____really late at night t get my wrk dne.”可知,作者甚至已经到了熬夜做作业的地步,推断出作者把做作业的事情推拖到很晚才做。故选C项。
    165.考查动词短语辨析。句意:接下来我就到达了一个甚至熬夜完成我的作业地步。A. staying up熬夜;B. hanging ut闲逛;C. jgging rund在周围慢跑;D. shwing ff炫耀。根据后文“late at night t get my wrk dne.”可知,作者在深夜做作业,推断出作者是熬夜完成作业的。故选A项。
    166.考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一天,我遇到了我以前的一个同学,他经营副业赚了很多钱。A. treated对待;B. helped帮助;C. met遇见;D. hired雇佣。根据后文“a frmer classmate f mine”指作者遇到了以前的同学。故选C项。
    167.考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一天,我遇到了我以前的一个同学,他经营副业赚了很多钱。A. raising筹集;B. wasting浪费;C. demanding要求;D. making挣钱。根据后文“a lt f mney running a sideline”指同学经营副业赚了很多钱,应用动词make。故选D项。
    168.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:因为他的常规工作很无聊,我就问他为什么不全职做副业。A. safe安全的;B. imprtant重要的;C. bring无聊的;D. rewarding有回报的。根据后文“I asked him why he just didn’t d his sideline full-time”推断,作者同学做副业是因为他的常规工作是无聊的。故选C项。
    169.考查副词词义辨析。句意: 他说没有工作,他会确实地拥有更多的时间,成为我大学的那个样子。A. luckily幸运地;B. hardly几乎不:C. hpefully有希望地;D. simply仅仅,确实。根据前文“He said withut the jb”以及常识,如果他没有工作了确实会拥有更多的时间。故选D项。
    170.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他说没有工作,他会确实地拥有更多的时间,成为我大学的那个样子。A. cllege大学;B. childhd童年;C. twn城镇;D. business商业。根据前文可知作者还在上大学而且每天时间充裕,他之前的同学如果没有工作就会像他在大学一样有很多时间,养成拖沓的习惯。故选A项。
    171.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说如果他辞职,他就会失去工作和成功的动力。A. fund找到;B. quit辞职;C. accepted结束;D. kept保持。呼应上文“He said withut the jb”此处指如果他辞职,他就会失去工作和成功的动力。故选B项。
    172.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他说如果他辞职,他就会失去工作和成功的动力。A. heart心脏;B. chance机会;C. drive强烈的欲望,动力;D. way道路。结合上文作者的故事可知,此处指同学认为如果没有工作失去了在工作上成功的动力。故选C项。
    173.考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意:尝试用其他的工作填满你的时间。A. filling up充满;B. saving拯救,节约;C. giving up放弃;D. trading做生意。根据后文“if yu want smething dne, ask a…persn t d it.”可知,如果你想让事情做好,让忙人去做工作,因为忙人会充分利用时间工作,推断出作者想要表达的意思是希望用工作填满时间。故选A项。
    174.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这就是为什么有句俗话说,如果你想让事情做好,找一个忙的人来做它。A. saying俗语;B. stry故事;C. message信息;D. fact事实。根据常识可知,“如果你想让事情做好,找一个忙的人来做它”是一个俗语。故选A项。
    175.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这就是为什么有句俗话说,如果你想让事情做好,找一个忙的人来做它。A. busy忙碌的;B. careful仔细的;C. reliable可靠的;D. kind善良的。根据上文内容可知,空闲太多会让人懒惰和拖延,所以要养成忙碌的习惯,同样如果你想让事情做好,找一个忙的人来做它。故选A项。
    12.(2024上·上海青浦·高三统考期末)
    I’m pretty gd at sticking with things even when they get hard. Bad relatinships, unpleasant wrkplaces, 176 sprts — I’ve hung n fr mnths and even years lnger than I shuld have, cnvinced the situatin wuld 177 if I refused t give up.
    After all, isn’t every success stry littered with 178 ? Didn’t Beyncé lse Star Search, and didn’t Oprah get fired frm her first TV jb? Quitting is a sign that yu lack patience and strng will, r s I was raised t believe.
    179 , if I lk back n all the things I eventually quit, my nly regret is that I didn’t d it sner. I’ve wasted immeasurable time and energy dragging my heels, determined that I culd 180 everyne if I just kept ging.
    All f us are cnstantly making tricky chices between ging further int familiar territry and 181 t expand ur hrizns. This is knwn as the explratin-explitatin trade-ff. When we are yunger, it’s advantageus t g far n the side f explratin, trying lts f new things because we have plenty f time t 182 later. But as we age, it’s ften smarter t duble dwn.
    Of curse, this desn’t mean yu shuldn’t quit smething just because yu’ve put a lt f time int it. Ecnmists call this the sunk cst fallacy (谬误): Peple are mre likely t 183 smething if they’ve invested a lt f mney r effrt int it, even when it’s clear that they shuld 184 their lsses and jump ship. This practice is nrmal and 185 , but it’s als unreasnable. If an activity r relatinship is making yu miserable, that’s imprtant infrmatin yu shuldn’t ignre.
    If yu dn’t get energy ut f ding smething, it can be a(n) 186 that this is nt fr yu r that there’s smething better yu culd be ding. Or it culd be a sign that yu shuld 187 yur gals. Maybe yur ygurt startup might nt win ver investrs, but yu culd still make and sell ygurt at the farmers’ market n weekends.
    In fact, dgged persistence in the face f energy-sucking disappintment can 188 depressin, and then make yu suffer frm diseases in the lng run.
    But the gd news is that peple can learn t pay better attentin t these mments when they’re happening and make 189 . The art f quitting isn’t abut just letting g whenever there’s an bstacle. It’s abut being able t let g when there’s n 190 t success anymre.
    176.A.engagingB.demandingC.inevitableD.leisure
    177.A.wrsenB.ccurC.imprveD.cntinue
    178.A.frustratinsB.determinatinsC.attemptsD.inspiratins
    179.A.TherefreB.AdditinallyC.Fr exampleD.Hwever
    180.A.amazeB.scareC.distressD.cmpliment
    181.A.breaking upB.lking upC.standing upD.backing up
    182.A.ventureB.specializeC.explreD.relax
    183.A.benefit frmB.apprve fC.stick withD.withdraw frm
    184.A.evaluateB.avidC.verlkD.cut
    185.A.humanB.crazyC.sensibleD.tricky
    186.A.indicatinB.desireC.ccasinD.recgnitin
    187.A.accmplishB.upgradeC.mdifyD.maintain
    188.A.preventB.triggerC.relieveD.cntract
    189.A.researchesB.chicesC.changesD.reslutins
    190.A.shrtcutB.barrierC.guaranteeD.pathway
    【答案】
    176.B 177.C 178.A 179.D 180.A 181.D 182.B 183.C 184.D 185.A 186.A 187.C 188.B 189.C 190.D
    【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要论证如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力,即使很明显他们应该减少损失,及时停止,但他们还要坚持下去。作者告诉我们要学会调整目标,及时止损。
    176.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:糟糕的人际关系,令人不快的工作场所,苛刻的运动——我坚持了几个月甚至几年,比我应该坚持的时间更长,我确信如果我拒绝放弃,情况会有所改善。A. engaging有趣的;B. demanding要求高的,苛刻的;C. inevitable不可避免的;D. leisure闲暇的 。根据上文的“Bad relatinships, unpleasant wrkplaces”可知,作者描述生活中的消极现象,所以是苛刻的运动。故选B项。
    177.考查动词词义辨析。句意:糟糕的人际关系,令人不快的工作场所,苛刻的运动——我坚持了几个月甚至几年,比我应该坚持的时间更长,我确信如果我拒绝放弃,情况会有所改善。A. wrsen恶化;B. ccur发生;C. imprve改善;D. cntinue继续。根据下文的“if I refused t give up”可知,作者认为如果不放弃,情况就会改善。故选C项。
    178.考查名词词义辨析。句意:毕竟,不是每个成功的故事都充满了挫折吗?A. frustratins沮丧;挫败;B. determinatins决心;C. attempts尝试;D. inspiratins给与灵感的人或物。根据下文“Didn’t Beyncé lse Star Search, and didn’t Oprah get fired frm her first TV jb?”可知,成功都充满挫折。故选A项。
    179.考查副词词义和短语辨析。句意:然而,如果我回顾我最终放弃的所有事情,我唯一的遗憾是我没有早点放弃。A. Therefre然而;B. Additinally另外;C. Fr example例如;D. Hwever然而。结合句意可知,本句与上文是转折关系。故选D项。
    180.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我拖着脚步浪费了不可估量的时间和精力,坚定地认为如果我继续前进,我会让所有人感到惊讶。A. amaze使惊讶;B. scare吓唬;C. distress使苦恼;D. cmpliment赞美。根据下文“if I just kept ging”可知,作者最初认为如果一直坚持,就会取得成功,会让每一个人吃惊。故选A项。
    181.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:我们所有人都在不断做出艰难的选择,要么深入熟悉的领域,要么后退以扩大视野。A. breaking up关系破裂;B. lking up查阅;C. standing up起立;D. backing up后退。根据上文的“ging further ”可知,我们在前进和后退中做艰难的选择。故选D项。
    182.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我们年轻的时候,在探索方面走得更远,尝试很多新事物是有利的,因为我们以后有足够的时间去专门研究。A. venture冒险;B. specialize专门研究;C. explre探索;D. relax放松。根据上文的“When we are yunger, it’s advantageus t g far n the side f explratin, trying lts f new things ”可知,年轻时我们要多探索,因为之后我们有时间去专门研究。故选B项。
    183.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力,即使很明显他们应该减少损失并离船、跳槽,他们也更有可能坚持下去。A. benefit frm从……中受益;B. apprve f批准;C. stick with坚持;D. withdraw frm退出。根据上文“this desn’t mean yu shuldn’t quit smething just because yu’ve put a lt f time int it.”可知,人们因为自己投入的多,所以不愿放弃,更有可能会坚持下去。故选C项。
    184.考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力,即使很明显他们应该减少损失并离船、跳槽,他们也更有可能坚持下去。A. evaluate评价;B. avid避免;C. verlk忽视;D. cut削减。根据上文“Ecnmists call this the sunk cst fallacy”可知,人们应该减少损失,及时止损。故选D项。
    185.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这种做法是正常和人性化的,但也不合理。A. human人性化的;B. crazy疯狂的;C. sensible明智的;D. tricky棘手的。根据上文“Peple are mre likely t ____8_____ smething if they’ve invested a lt f mney r effrt int it, even when it’s clear that they shuld ____9_____ their lsses and jump ship ”可知,人们因为投入的多,所以不愿放弃,这是人之常情。故选A项。
    186.考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你没有从做某事中获得能量,这可能表明这不适合你,或者你可以做一些更好的事情。A. indicatin表明,暗示;B. desire欲望;C. ccasin场合;D. recgnitin识别。根据下文的“Or it culd be a sign that ”可知,这是一个暗示。故选A项。
    187.考查动词词义辨析。句意:或者这可能是一个迹象,表明你应该修改你的目标。A. accmplish完成;B. upgrade升级;C. mdify修改;D. maintain保持。根据上文“If yu dn’t get energy ut f ding smething ”可知,如果你没有从做某事中获得能量,就应该去修改你的目标。故选C项。
    188.考查动词词义辨析。句意:事实上,面对消耗能量的失望,顽强的坚持会引发抑郁,从长远来看,还会让你患上疾病。A. prevent阻止;B. trigger触发;C. relieve解除;D. cntract缩小。根据下文“depressin, and then make yu suffer frm diseases in the lng run.”可知,这种坚持会引起抑郁,并节日导致疾病。故选B项。
    189.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但好消息是,人们可以学会更好地关注这些正在发生的时刻,并做出改变。A. researches研究;B. chices选择;C.changes改变;D. reslutins决心。根据上文的“Or it culd be a sign that yu shuld ____12____ yur gals”可知,人们可以做出改变。故选C项。
    190.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这就是在没有成功的通道时能够放手。A. shrtcut捷径;B. barrier障碍;C. guarantee保证;D. pathway途径。根据句意以及全文内容可知,在没有通向成功的道路时,人们应该学会放手。故选D项。
    13.(2024上·广东潮州·高三统考期末)
    When I was in primary schl, my schl had an annual sprts day. Usually, girls were 191 in sprts like jump rpe and bys did the high jump, which I was anxius t take part in. I went t 192 up, but the cach said, “Girls dn’t d the high jump.”
    I went hme and 193 Mm f the cach’s wrds. She visited the headmaster the next day “Mr White, Linda wants t d the high jump ”“Srry, Mrs Martinez, but it’s ur 194 that girls can’t d it,” he said “But Mr White, I have n 195 f any rules saying that.” Finding n such rules, Mr White, feeling 196 , said “I have t cnsider it” at last
    When we gt hme, Mm tld me smething I wuld always 197 : This wasn’t just abut me. Other girls 198 wanted t d this, t. A week later, Mm went t Mr White again. Finally, he agreed. As it turned ut, I wn the high jump cmpetitin. T my 199 , sme f the cheers I gt were frm bys! My mther was 200 --it wasn’t abut me. It was abut making peple think abut and see what girls culd d. Later, I used this 201 in my career as a building cntractr-- wmen weren’t 202 t cnstruct buildings. When I first 203 the business, Mm said, “G ahead. Start small, but think big.” I started with small prjects and nw my cmpany can handle large nes.
    Thse experiences taught me thugh peple wuldn’t always 204 us, we shuld be brave t jump ver 205 and take paths few girls and wmen wuld take. And this has really made a difference.
    191.A.interestedB.skilledC.invlvedD.gifted
    192.A.buildB.signC.makeD.fix
    193.A.remindedB.warnedC.cnvincedD.infrmed
    194.A.cmprmiseB.cnclusinC.cnventinD.criterin
    195.A.pininB.senseC.intentinD.knwledge
    196.A.cncernedB.embarrassedC.discuragedD.annyed
    197.A.cnsiderB.undertakeC.rememberD.seek
    198.A.accidentallyB.prbablyC.bviuslyD.rarely
    199.A.surpriseB.delightC.reliefD.satisfactin
    200.A.rightB.wrngC.certainD.realistic
    201.A.ruleB.lessnC.truthD.remark
    202.A.suppsedB.qualifiedC.demandedD.designed
    203.A.made way frB.kept track fC.threw light nD.set ft in
    204.A.acceptB.mindC.helpD.need
    205.A.plesB.bundariesC.platfrmsD.fences
    【答案】
    191.C 192.B 193.D 194.C 195.D 196.B 197.C 198.B 199.A 200.A 201.B 202.A 203.D 204.A 205.B
    【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者小学时代,学校运动会不让女生参加跳高,说是男孩子的项目,作者的母亲为其找校长争取到参加跳高项目并赢得比赛奖项。作者认识到女孩子要勇于打破别人给设定的限制,争取权益,相信女性也可以做出一番作为。
    191.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:通常,女孩们会参加跳绳等运动,男孩们会参加跳高,那是我很想参加的。A. interested感兴趣的;B. skilled熟练的;C. invlved参与的;被卷入的;相关的;D. gifted有天赋的。根据空前的“my schl had an annual sprts day.”及空后“sprts like jump rpe”可知,学校举行运动会,这里指女生一般参与跳绳运动会项目。be invlved in意为“参与”,符合语境。故选C项。
    192.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我去报名,但教练说:“女生不跳高。”A. build建造;B. sign签名;C. make制作;使;D. fix固定,安装;修理。根据上一句“…the high jump, which I was anxius t take part in..”及下文教练说女生不参加跳高,拒绝了她。可知作者是渴望参加跳高并且去报名参加跳高项目的比赛时,被教练拒绝。短语sign up意为“报名参加”。故选B项。
    193.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我回到家,把教练的话告诉了妈妈。A. reminded提醒;使想起;B. warned警告;C. cnvinced使信服;D. infrmed告知,告诉;通知。根据上文the cach said, “Girls dn’t d the high jump.”可知,教练用这样的话拒绝了作者参加跳高比赛,此处作者把这些话告诉给她的母亲,想让母亲帮忙想办法。故选D项。
    194.考查名词词义辨析。句意:对不起,马丁内斯太太,我们学校的惯例是女生不能跳高。A. cmprmise妥协,和解;折中;B. cnclusin结论;C. cnventin惯例,传统;D. criterin标准,准则。空后的主语从句that girls can’t d it指女孩子不能参加跳高项目,此处校长给孩子母亲解释不让作者报名参加跳高的理由,应该是学校的惯例,多年来一直这样,没有女生参加过跳高。故选C项。
    195.考查词名词义辨析。句意:但是怀特先生,我不知道有什么规定是这样说的。A. pinin观点,看法;B. sense感觉,意识;C. intentin动机,意图;D. knwledge知识;知晓,知道。该空作者母亲表示没听说过,并不知道有这样的规定。 knwledge这里意思是“知晓,知道”。根据下面Finding n such rules,可知事实上也没有禁止女生参加跳高的明文规定。故选D项。
    196.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:怀特先生发现没有这样的规定,感到很尴尬,最后说:“我必须考虑一下。A. cncerned关心的;B. embarrassed尴尬的;C. discuraged沮丧的;D. annyed生气的,恼火的。怀特校长说是依惯例不让女生报名跳高,却没找到相关规定,应该是尴尬的,无法反驳这位母亲。故选B项。
    197.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我们回到家时,妈妈告诉我一些我永远记得的话:这不仅仅是为了我。A. cnsider考虑;认为;B. undertake从事;履行;承担;C. remember记得,记住;D. seek追求;寻找。it wasn’t just abut me.是母亲说出来的话,母亲据理力争,为女儿争取到参加跳高的机会,而母亲说这样做不仅仅是为了女儿自己。根据下文“Later, I used this 11 in my career as a building cntractr-- wmen weren’t 12 t cnstruct buildings.”可知,作者后来又从事了一般认为女性不能从事的建筑行业。 由此可知,母亲铭记母亲的话。不仅自己,所有女性都应不被别人限制,让人们看到女性也可以在很多领域不输男性。故选C项。
    198.考查副词词义辨析。句意:其他女孩可能也想这样做。A. accidentally意外地;B. prbably可能;C. bviusly显然;D. rarely几乎不;罕见地,异乎寻常地。母亲的意思是她这么做不仅仅是为女儿争取,或许别的女孩也想参加呢。母亲也不确定,只是猜测也会有别的女孩想跳高。故选B项。
    199.考查名词词义辨析。句意:令我惊讶的是,一些欢呼来自男孩! A. surprise惊讶;B. delight快乐,愉悦;C. relief轻松,解脱;D. satisfactin满意。作者首次作为女生参加跳高并且获胜,却没有得到女孩们的祝贺,作者很惊讶。故选A项。
    200.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我母亲说得对,这与我个人无关。A. right对的;B. wrng错误的;C. certain确定的;D. realistic现实的;实际的。上文妈妈说过“This wasn’t just abut me.”,此处作者得到了男生的认可,没有得到女孩子们的祝贺,作者认识到很多女孩需要唤醒,这次争取是为了让更多的人知道女孩可以做很多人们认为女孩做不到的事情。作者认为这次努力很有意义,赞同母亲说的话。故选A项。
    201.考查名词词义辨析。句意:后来,我在建筑承包商的职业生涯中吸取了这一教训:女人是不应该盖房子的。A. rule规则;B. lessn课;教训;C. truth真理,真相;D. remark评论。作者从此次经历学到很多,感悟很深,应该说是一次教训。故选B项。
    202.考查动词词义辨析。句意:后来,我在建筑承包商的职业生涯中吸取了这一教训:女人是不应该盖房子的。A. suppsed应该,被认定;B. qualified有资格;C. demanded要求;D. designed设计。be suppsed t d意为“应该做某事,被期待做”,指人们观念中认定某人应该做某事,此处否定句,指人们惯性思维认为女性不应该从事建筑行业。故选A项。
    203.考查动词短语辨析。句意:当我第一次涉足这个行业时,妈妈说:“去吧。从小处着手,但要着眼大。”A. made way fr为…开路;让位于;B. kept track f跟踪;记录;C. threw light n阐明,使明白,使理解;D. set ft in登上;踏足,踏入,开始进入,开始从事。根据空前的first可知,这里指作者刚刚进入建筑行业工作时,母亲给与支持与告诫。故选D项。
    204.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这些经历教会了我,虽然人们并不总是接受我们,但我们应该勇敢地跨越界限,走很少有女孩和女人会走的路。A. accept接受,接纳;B. mind介意;在意;C. help帮助;D. need需要。 这里指就像第一段提到的教练所说“Girls dn’t d the high jump.”及第三段所说的“wmen weren’t 12 t cnstruct buildings.”那样,在某些领域人们对于女性的不接纳。故选A项。
    205.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些经历教会了我,虽然人们并不总是接受我们,但我们应该勇敢地跨越界限,走很少有女孩和女人会走的路。A. ples极地;杆子;B. bundaries边界,界限;C. platfrms平台;讲台;D. fences篱笆。前文举例说明很多情况人们对女性的排外,认为女孩儿不应该或不适合或干不了某些事情, 在此作者认为女孩要勇敢的跨越这些别人设置的界限,不断走出新的道路。故选B项。
    14.(2024上·辽宁大连·高三统考期末)
    One day, a girl came upn a ccn, and she culd tell that a butterfly was trying t 206 . She waited and watched the butterfly struggle fr hurs t 207 itself frm the tiny hle. 208 , the butterfly stpped mving, it seemed t be 209 . The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut and with a pair f scissrs cut pen the ccn. The butterfly was then 210 able t escape. Hwever, its bdy was swllen (肿胀的) and its wings were 211 .
    The girl still thught she had dne the butterfly a favr as she sat there waiting fr its wings t grw in rder t 212 its bdy. That wasn’t happening. The butterfly was unable t fly, and fr the rest f its life, it culd nly mve by crawling arund with little wings and a 213 bdy. Despite the girl’s gd intentins, she didn’t understand that the 214 f the butterfly’s ccn and the struggle the butterfly had t 215 in rder t escape served an imprtant purpse. As butterflies 216 frm tight ccns and stretch wings ut, it frces liquid frm their bdy int their wings t prepare them t be able t fly.
    The 217 that we face in life help us grw and get strnger. There is ften a reasn behind the requirement f being 218 and persistent. When bearing difficult times, we will develp the necessary 219 that we’ll need in the future. Withut having any struggles, we wn’t grw, which means it’s very imprtant t 220 persnal challenges urselves rather than relying n ther peple t always help us.
    206.A.hatchB.hangC.swingD.nest
    207.A.trapB.releaseC.wrapD.thrw
    208.A.Even sB.Sner r laterC.All f a suddenD.As usual
    209.A.scaredB.sughtC.kickedD.stuck
    210.A.easilyB.hardlyC.merelyD.slightly
    211.A.verestimatedB.underdevelpedC.vergrwnD.underfed
    212.A.prtectB.shadeC.supprtD.survive
    213.A.tinyB.skinnyC.strngD.large
    214.A.cnservatinB.restrictinC.tensinD.variatin
    215.A.cme utB.pull upC.g thrughD.leave ff
    216.A.runB.recverC.generateD.emerge
    217.A.strugglesB.adventuresC.detailsD.guidelines
    218.A.industriusB.tlerantC.superirD.straightfrward
    219.A.carefulnessB.strengthC.ptimismD.patience
    220.A.hld ntB.turn dwnC.take nD.bring up
    【答案】
    206.A 207.B 208.C 209.D 210.A 211.B 212.C 213.D 214.B 215.C 216.D 217.A 218.A 219.B 220.C
    【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过一个小女孩自以为是帮助蝴蝶破茧却导致蝴蝶无法飞翔的故事告诉我们,和蝴蝶一样,我们也要经历生命中必要的挣扎和奋斗才能成长,不能一味地依靠他人的帮助。
    206.考查动词词义辨析。句意:一天,一个女孩偶然发现了一个茧,她看得出来一只蝴蝶正试图孵化。A. hatch孵化;B. hang悬挂;C. swing摆动;D. nest筑巢。根据前文“a girl came upn a ccn”及“a butterfly”可知,蝴蝶正试图从茧中孵化。故选A项。
    207.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她等了好几个小时,看着蝴蝶挣扎着从小洞里挣脱出来。A. trap困住;B. release释放;C. wrap包裹;D. thrw扔掉。根据前文“a butterfly was trying t ____1___”可知,蝴蝶正试图破茧而出。故选B项。
    208.考查固定短语辨析。句意:突然,蝴蝶停止了移动,似乎被卡住了。A. Even s尽管如此;B. Sner r later迟早;C. All f a sudden突然;D. As usual像往常一样。根据后文“the butterfly stpped mving”可知,在蝴蝶破茧的过程中突然停止不动了。故选C项。
    209.考查动词词义辨析。句意:突然,蝴蝶停止了移动,似乎被卡住了。A. scared使害怕;B. sught寻找;C. kicked踢腿;D. stuck卡住。根据后文“The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut ”可知,蝴蝶卡住不动了,所以小女孩决定帮助它。故选D项。
    210.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这只蝴蝶很容易就逃脱了。A. easily容易地;B. hardly几乎不;C. merely仅仅;D. slightly略微。根据前文“The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut and with a pair f scissrs cut pen the ccn”可知,女孩把茧剪开,蝴蝶很容易就出来了。故选A项。
    211.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,它的身体肿胀,翅膀发育不全。 A. verestimated高估的;B. underdevelped发育不全的;C. vergrwn生长过快的;D. underfed营养不良的。根据前文“its bdy was swllen and its wings were”及后文“waiting fr its wings t grw”可知,蝴蝶身体肿胀,翅膀发育不全。故选B项。
    212.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当女孩坐在那里等着蝴蝶的翅膀长出来支撑它的身体时,她仍然认为自己帮了蝴蝶一个忙。A. prtect保护;B. shade遮阳;C. supprt支持;D. survive幸存。根据前文“waiting fr its wings t grw”及后文“its bdy”可知,女孩等着蝴蝶的翅膀长出来支撑它的身体。故选C项。
    213.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这只蝴蝶不会飞,在它的余生中,它只能依靠小小的翅膀和巨大的身体到处爬行。A. tiny微小的;B. skinny皮包骨的;C. strng强壮的;D. large巨大的。根据前文“That wasn’t happening.”及“mve by crawling arund with little wings”可知,蝴蝶并没有长出可以支撑它身体的翅膀,和它小小的翅膀相比,身体会长大。故选D项。
    214.考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管女孩的初衷是好的,但她不明白蝴蝶的茧的限制和蝴蝶为了逃脱而必须经历的挣扎是有重要意义的。A. cnservatin交谈;B. restrictin限制;C. tensin紧张;D. variatin变化。根据后文“the butterfly’s ccn”及“ tight ccns”可知,茧对蝴蝶来说是一种必不可少的限制。故选B项。
    215.考查动词短语辨析。句意:尽管女孩的初衷是好的,但她不明白蝴蝶的茧的限制和蝴蝶为了逃脱而必须经历的挣扎是有重要意义的。A. cme ut出现;B. pull up停车;C. g thrugh经历;D. leave ff中断。根据前文“the struggle”可知,蝴蝶破茧需要经历挣扎和奋斗。故选C项。
    216.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当蝴蝶从紧绷的茧中钻出来,展开翅膀时,它会迫使体内的液体进入翅膀,为它们飞行做准备。A. run跑步;B. recver恢复;C. generate生产;D. emerge出现。根据后文“frm tight ccns and stretch wings ut”可知,当蝴蝶破茧而出后,会展开双翅。故选D项。
    217.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们在生活中面临的挣扎帮助我们成长并变得更强大。A. struggles挣扎;B. adventures冒险;C. details细节;D. guidelines指导方针。根据前文“the struggle the butterfly had t ____10___”可知,人和蝴蝶一样,也要经历必要的挣扎才能成长。故选A项。
    218.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:要求勤奋和坚持不懈的背后往往是有原因的。A. industrius勤勉的;B. tlerant容忍的;C. superir优越的;D. straightfrward直率的。根据后文“and persistent”可知,此处强调面对困境所需要的坚毅的品质,要勤勉坚持。故选A项。
    219.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我们面对困难的时候,我们会培养出我们将来需要的必要力量A. carefulness仔细;B. strength力量;C. ptimism乐观;D. patience耐心。根据前文“being ___13___and persistent. When bearing difficult times”可知,养成了勤勉坚持的品质,才有克服困境的力量。故选B项。
    220.考查动词短语辨析。句意:没有任何挣扎,我们就不会成长,这意味着自己接受个人挑战而不是依靠别人总是帮助我们是非常重要的。A. hld nt抓住;B. turn dwn拒绝;C. take n接受;D. bring up抚养。根据后文“persnal challenges urselves rather than relying n ther peple t always help us”可知,自己要接受挑战,而不是一味地依靠别人的帮助。故选C项。
    15.(2024上·河北·高三石家庄精英中学校联考)
    A little girl was enjying the beautiful garden in her hme. Her father had a gd cllectin f rare and prized plants, which he 221 with great care.
    The girl was 222 by a plant full f delicate flwers. She apprached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she 223 that the plant was in a pile f filth (污秽). She culd nt tlerate the 224 f dirt with such fantastic flwers.
    She wrked ut a plan t clean the plant. She 225 the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its 226 in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant n a clean stne and went away, prud that she had dne a great 227 .
    Later the little daughter ran ver, fllwed by her father, t 228 her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reprted 229 .
    T spt the uprted plant, which had lain 230 in the baking sun, the father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant and tld her that the filthy sil was the best 231 t grw that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
    A great gardener mixes 232 sil fr each plant. 233 , Gd prvides each f us with the best 234 required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth. But it may appear t be 235 and we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty.
    221.A.attended tB.brught upC.weeded utD.fed n
    222.A.caughtB.attractedC.attackedD.shcked
    223.A.recalledB.ntedC.recgnizedD.cncluded
    224.A.ifrmatinB.presentatinC.presenceD.cmpsitin
    225.A.heldB.pickedC.pulledD.remved
    226.A.flwersB.branchesC.leavesD.rts
    227.A.deedB.dealC.peratinD.prject
    228.A.cnfirmB.exhibitC.evaluateD.celebrate
    229.A.inncentlyB.distantlyC.decisivelyD.thughtlessly
    230.A.burningB.bathingC.breathingD.dying
    231.A.shelterB.medicineC.mediumD.venue
    232.A.rightB.sameC.dirtyD.lse
    233.A.MreverB.LikewiseC.RatherD.Nevertheless
    234.A.envirnmentB.mdeC.neighbrhdD.pprtunity
    235.A.invisibleB.disrganizedC.imprperD.unpleasant
    【答案】
    221.A 222.B 223.B 224.C 225.C 226.D 227.A 228.B 229.A 230.D 231.C 232.A 233.B 234.A 235.D
    【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了女孩被家里一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物所吸引,但是她发现这颗植物生长在污秽中,于是将植物连根拔起,并冲洗了根部的泥土,这导致了植物死掉了,女孩的父亲告诉女孩污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。文章由此告诉我们,好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合适合的土壤,同样,上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境,虽然成长过程中有一些令人不愉快的困难,但这些苦难会帮助我们成长。
    221.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:她的父亲收藏了大量稀有珍贵的植物,并精心照料。A. attended t照料;B. brught up抚养;C. weeded ut清除;D. fed n喂养。由上文“Her father had a gd cllectin f rare and prized plants”可知,女孩的父亲收藏了大量稀有珍贵的植物,这说明他很喜欢这些植物,所以会精心照料这些植物,故选A。
    222.考查动词词义辨析。句意:女孩被一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物所吸引。A. caught抓住;B. attracted吸引;C. attacked攻击;D. shcked使震惊。由下文“She apprached it and admired its striking beauty.”可知,女孩走近一株开满娇嫩花朵,欣赏它的美丽,这说明女孩被这一株开满娇嫩花朵所吸引,故选B。
    223.考查动词词义辨析。句意:突然她注意到那棵植物在一堆污物中。A. recalled回想;B. nted注意;C. recgnized识别;D. cncluded总结。下文“that the plant was in a pile f filth (污秽)”和上文提到女孩正在欣赏一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物,这时她突然注意到那棵植物在一堆污物中,故选B。
    224.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她无法忍受如此美妙的花朵上有泥土的存在。A. ifrmatin信息;B. presentatin仪式,报告;C. presence出席,存在;D. cmpsitin作曲。由上文“the plant was in a pile f filth”提到的这株植物生长在一堆污物中可知,这个花朵上存有泥土,故选C。
    225.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她用尽全力把植物从泥土中拔出来,用流动的自来水冲洗它的根部,直到所有污垢都被冲走。A. held举办;B. picked挑选;C. pulled拉,拔;D. remved移除。由下文“plant with all her might frm the dirt”和上文提到的“She wrked ut a plan t clean the plant.”女孩要清洗这株植物可知,她先将这株植物从泥土中拔出来,故选C。
    226.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她用尽全力把植物从泥土中拔出来,用流动的自来水冲洗它的根部,直到所有污垢都被冲走。A. flwers花朵;B. branches树枝;C. leaves叶子;D. rts根。由下文“T spt the uprted plant, which had lain ________ in the baking sun, the father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant and tld her that the filthy sil was the best ________t grw that plant.”提到的女孩的父亲告诉女孩污秽的土壤是植物生长的最佳环境,由此可知,女孩应该是把根部的泥土冲洗干净了,这导致了植物的死亡,故选D。
    227.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后她把植物放在一块干净的石头上,然后离开,她为自己做了一件伟大的事而感到自豪。A. deed行为;B. deal交易;C. peratin手术;D. prject项目。由上文“She ________ the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its________ in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away.”可知,此处指女孩将这株植物拔起来冲洗它根部的这种行为,故选A。
    228.考查动词词义辨析。句意:后来小女儿将父亲喊过来,向他展示她的成就。A. cnfirm确认;B. exhibit展示;C. evaluate评估;D. celebrate庆祝。由下文““I have cleaned it, Daddy,””可知,小女孩告诉父亲自己将这株植物清洗赶紧了,这是在向她父亲展示她的成果,故选B。
    229.考查副词词义辨析。句意:“我已经把它清理干净了,爸爸。”她天真地报告道。A. inncently无罪地;天真地;B. distantly遥远地;C. decisively果断地;D. thughtlessly草率地。由上文““I have cleaned it, Daddy,””和上文提到小女孩将父亲喊过来,向他展示她清洗这株植物根部的成果可知,女孩很天真地以为自己做了一件好事,故选A。
    230.考查动词词义辨析。句意:为了让她了解那棵在烈日下垂死的被连根拔起的植物,父亲向她展示了她对待这款植物的方式几乎杀死了这棵植物,并告诉她污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。A. burning燃烧;B. bathing洗澡;C. breathing呼吸;D. dying死亡。由下文“Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.”可知,这株植物死掉了,故选D。
    231.考查名词词义辨析。句意:为了让她了解那棵在烈日下垂死的被连根拔起的植物,父亲向她展示了她对待这款植物的方式几乎杀死了这棵植物,并告诉她污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。A. shelter避难所;B. medicine药;C. medium媒体,环境;D. venue地点。由上文“the filthy sil was the best”和常识可知,污秽的土壤对植物成长有利,即污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。故选C。
    232.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:伟大的园丁会为每种植物混合合适的土壤。A. right正确的,合适的;B. same同样的;C. dirty脏的;D. lse松的。由下文“Gd prvides each f us with the best”和常识可知,好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合合适的土壤。故选A。
    233.考查副词词义辨析。句意:同样,上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境。A. Mrever此外;B. Likewise同样地;C. Rather而不是;D. Nevertheless然而。下文“Gd prvides each f us with the best _________ required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth.”和上文“A great gardener mixes ________sil fr each plant.”表示相似的情况,应用likewise,表示“同样地”,故选B。
    234.考查名词词义辨析。句意:同样,上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境。A. envirnment环境;B. mde模式;C. neighbrhd邻居;D. pprtunity机会。上文“the filthy sil was the best________ t grw that plant.”提到污秽的土壤是生长植物的最佳环境,结合上文提到好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合合适的土壤可知,好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合适合的土壤,即为它们提供所需的生长环境,同样,上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境,故选A。
    235.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但这可能看起来不愉快,我们甚至可能向上帝抱怨我们的困难。A. invisible看不见的;B. disrganized没有秩序的;C. imprper不合适的;D. unpleasant令人不快的。由下文“we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty.”和上文提到的上帝我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境,就像植物生长多需要的污秽一样,由此可知,我们的精神成长也需要一些困难,这可能看起来不愉快,但是会对我们的成长有好处,故选D。

    相关试卷

    专题16 完形填空(记叙文专攻15篇)-【临考必刷】2024年高考英语二轮强化练必刷100题:

    这是一份专题16 完形填空(记叙文专攻15篇)-【临考必刷】2024年高考英语二轮强化练必刷100题,文件包含专题16完形填空记叙文专攻15篇-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题原卷版docx、专题16完形填空记叙文专攻15篇-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共63页, 欢迎下载使用。

    专题15 七选五专攻20篇-【临考必刷】2024年高考英语二轮强化练必刷100题:

    这是一份专题15 七选五专攻20篇-【临考必刷】2024年高考英语二轮强化练必刷100题,文件包含专题15七选五专攻20篇-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题原卷版docx、专题15七选五专攻20篇-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共54页, 欢迎下载使用。

    专题14 阅读理解(议论文专攻20篇)-【临考必刷】2024年高考英语二轮强化练必刷100题:

    这是一份专题14 阅读理解(议论文专攻20篇)-【临考必刷】2024年高考英语二轮强化练必刷100题,文件包含专题14阅读理解议论文专攻20篇-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题原卷版docx、专题14阅读理解议论文专攻20篇-2024年高考英语二轮复习零失误强化练必刷100题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共70页, 欢迎下载使用。

    • 精品推荐
    • 所属专辑
    欢迎来到教习网
    • 900万优选资源,让备课更轻松
    • 600万优选试题,支持自由组卷
    • 高质量可编辑,日均更新2000+
    • 百万教师选择,专业更值得信赖
    微信扫码注册
    qrcode
    二维码已过期
    刷新

    微信扫码,快速注册

    手机号注册
    手机号码

    手机号格式错误

    手机验证码 获取验证码

    手机验证码已经成功发送,5分钟内有效

    设置密码

    6-20个字符,数字、字母或符号

    注册即视为同意教习网「注册协议」「隐私条款」
    QQ注册
    手机号注册
    微信注册

    注册成功

    返回
    顶部
    Baidu
    map