高考英语复习 专题07 阅读理解七选五之方法策略10篇+环境保护6篇+文化4篇(模考好题20篇)

这是一份高考英语复习 专题07 阅读理解七选五之方法策略10篇+环境保护6篇+文化4篇(模考好题20篇)，文件包含专题07阅读理解七选五之方法策略10篇+环境保护6篇+文化4篇模考好题20篇原卷版docx、专题07阅读理解七选五之方法策略10篇+环境保护6篇+文化4篇模考好题20篇解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共45页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、在复习语言点的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照“点—线—面”顺序，构建知识网络环境。
二、多做高考题，少扣模拟题
1、时间的把控。
2、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
3、留意出题点，揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里，做到知己知彼。
三、多攻词汇表，少记课外词
四、写作。研究高考写作命题话题范围，根据测试的频度和交际场景的生活化程度进行分类。
专题07 阅读理解七选五之方法策略10篇+环境保护6篇+文化4篇
(模考好题20篇)
一、概述
七选五阅读正文部分通常是一篇完整的文章，有五个句子被挖空，正文后给出七个选项，均为完整句子，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。此题型拓宽了阅读理解能力考 察的深度和广度，考查学生句子和语篇两个层面的阅读能力和领悟能力，以及对整个语篇的衔接手段与连 贯性的洞察力。总之，七选五的题型难度要大于传统的阅读理解题，对学生把握文章结构脉络、逻辑思维 能力和语言综合运用能力，有更高的要求。
二、技巧点拨
1、如果空白处在段首，则答案通常是段落主题句，做题时，应认真阅读本段内容，概括段落大意，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
2、如果空白处在段中，段中的空白处多位于段落主题句之后，与上下文构成明显的逻辑关系：如常见的分述细化主题的并列关系、语义发生变化的转折关系，对上诉概念的解释说明、举例论证，这些句子起衔接上下文的作用，因此成为历年高考语篇考查的重中之重。
3、如果空白处在段尾，则答案通常是结论或概括性的语句。空白处前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。做题时注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词如therefre, as a result, thus, hence, in shrt, t sum up, t cnclude, in a wrd等词语。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，即空白处起前后两段过渡作用。
模拟演练
01 人与自我--方法/策略
Passage 1
(2024·河北沧州·一模)Thinking abut adpting a healthy lifestyle? Cngratulatins! There are s many reasns fr adpting a healthy lifestyle. Here are sme tips t help yu get started with yur new habits.
Befre yu begin, ask yurself sme questins, what are yur reasns fr thinking abut a healthier lifestyle? 1 Yur why shuld reflect yur values and what’s imprtant t yu. Knwing yur specific why will help yu t nt just get started, but will help keep yu fcused and mtivated as it guides yur jurney.
Fcus n behavirs, nt results. 2 But switching yur fcus frm utcmes t the new habits yu’re creating and actins yu’re taking is mre beneficial. It’s actually sme daily health-prmting behavirs that will create change and can lead t the health utcmes yu desire.
3 Remember Rme wasn’t built in a day! And things like yur eating habits, cking skills, athletic abilities, and mre wn’t change vernight. This is als why yu dn’t need a lng list telling yu everything yu need t stp ding. Yu just need t take the first step.
Remember it’s nt all r nthing. A healthy lifestyle is never all r nthing. 4 S fcus n eating fds and creating habits that make yu feel gd.
Can yu d it frever? One f the mst imprtant things t ask yurself when building healthy habits is, “Can yu d it fr life?” Sure, yu culd prbably stick t a diet fr a shrt perid, but can yu see yurself ding that frever? 5
A. Start small and take steady steps.
B. Why is ding this imprtant fr yu?
C. Make a list f habits yu want t build.
D. It’s kay t desire weight lss, r any ther utcmes.
E. In a wrd, fasting is harmful and n ne wuld like t d s.
F. If nt, remember: temprary methds are equal t temprary results.
G. It’s abut creating a healthy relatinship with fd and yur bdy.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. G 5. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了养成健康的生活方式需要注意的一些事项。
1. 根据前文“Befre yu begin, ask yurself sme questins, what are yur reasns fr thinking abut a healthier lifestyle?(在你开始之前，问你自己一些问题，你考虑更健康的生活方式的原因是什么？)”可知，本段首句建议人们要问自己一些问题。因此B选项“Why is ding this imprtant fr yu?(为什么做这件事对你很重要？)”可以和前句并列，都是相关方面的问题，符合语境。故选B。
2. 根据本段段旨“Fcus n behavirs, nt results. (关注行为，而不是结果)”以及后文“But switching yur fcus frm utcmes t the new habits yu’re creating and actins yu’re taking is mre beneficial.(但是把你的注意力从结果转移到你正在养成的新习惯和你正在采取的行动上是更有益的)”可知，本段主题句建议人们要关注行为而不是结果，同时后文以but开头，故设空处与后文构成转折关系。D选项“It’s kay t desire weight lss, r any ther utcmes.(渴望减肥或其他结果是可以的)”可知，此处强调渴望减肥或者其他结果是可以的，后文与本句构成转折关系，强调要把结果转移到正在养成的新习惯或者正在采取的行动上，则更有益，同时此处utcmes与段旨中results为同义词，该选项符合语境。故选D。
3. 本句位于句首，是段落的主题句。根据后文的内容“ Remember Rme wasn’t built in a day! And things like yur eating habits, cking skills, athletic abilities, and mre wn’t change vernight.(记住罗马不是一天建成的!你的饮食习惯、烹饪技巧、运动能力等等都不会在一夜之间改变)”可知，此处强调罗马不是一夜建成的，习惯是要慢慢改变。A选项“Start small and take steady steps.(从小处开始，循序渐进)”概括本段主要内容，符合段旨。故选A。
4. 根据前文“A healthy lifestyle is never all r nthing.(健康的生活方式从来都不是要么全做要么根本不做)”推知，空处应陈述真正的健康生活应该是怎样的。G选项“It’s abut creating a healthy relatinship with fd and yur bdy.(这是关于在食物和你的身体之间建立健康的关系)”承接前文，指出健康的生活方式是什么——关于在食物和你的身体之间建立健康的关系。故选G。
5. 根据前文“Can yu d it frever? One f the mst imprtant things t ask yurself when building healthy habits is, “Can yu d it fr life?” Sure, yu culd prbably stick t a diet fr a shrt perid, but can yu see yurself ding that frever?( 你能永远这样做吗？当你养成健康的习惯时，你要问自己的一个最重要的问题是：“你能坚持一辈子吗？”当然，你可能会在短时间内坚持节食，但你能看到自己永远这样做吗？)”可知，此处强调人们在养成健康的生活方式时要问问自己这样做是否能够坚持一辈子。F选项“If nt, remember: temprary methds are equal t temprary results.(如果没有，请记住：临时方法产生临时结果。)”承接前文，指出如果不能坚持一辈子，那么临时的方法只能产生临时的结果，符合语境。故选F。
Passage 2
(2024·湖南·二模)
Hp n the Silent Walking Trend
Silent walking invlves walking utdrs withut distractins like music r cnversatins, fcusing n the mind-bdy-nature cnnectin. 1 That’s a slwer, lwer-impact way t relax and is great fr fitness. Here’s everything yu need t knw abut the trend.
Select a natural setting and fully engage yur senses. Fr reaping the mental health benefits, it is recmmended t find a quiet and peaceful natural lcatin. 2 Meanwhile, cnsciusly bserving the sights, sunds, smells, and physical sensatins during the walk can significantly impact cgnitive and emtinal well-being.
T stimulate the mind, cnsider explring different rutes than usual. Withut yur favurite pdcast r playlist, yu might slip int bredm n yur walk. 3 And it might even be gd fr yur brain. Scientists applaud the virtues f bredm fr brain health, believing that it bsts creativity and imprves scial cnnectins. And if yu d get bred, rest assured that it shws yu’ve discnnected frm external distractins. G with it, and make sure yu take a different rute each time—it’ll keep yu mtivated.
Start ff with five-minute silent walks and eventually build up t thirty minutes. If yu’re usually a headphne wearer, it will feel super weird t walk withut yur g-t tunes, but give yurself a secnd t adjust. Chances are, nce yu’re a few minutes int yur silent walk, yu’ll feel the magic kick in. 4
Regular reflectin and nging dcumentatin are essential. After cmpleting a silent walk, take time t reflect upn any emerging thughts, feelings, r insights. 5 Jurnaling abut the experience can als slidify cnnectins between thughts and ideas, prviding a valuable tl fr self-reflectin and grwth.
A. But being bred wn’t hurt yu.
B. Taking different paths can lead t exciting discveries.
C. Adjusting the rutine gradually can help ease int the experience.
D. Yu’ll als start nticing the little things arund yu mre clearly.
E. They can deepen understanding and serve as a recrd f persnal grwth
F. Unlike exercise-riented walking, it isn’t abut reaching certain speed r steps
G. In such an envirnment, yu can immerse yurself in the natural sundscape(音景).
【答案】1. F 2. G 3. A 4. C 5. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了静默行走这一趋势，探讨了如何进行静默行走，以及这种行走方式对健康的好处，特别是对促进认知和情感福祉的潜在影响。
1. 上文“Silent walking invlves walking utdrs withut distractins like music r cnversatins, fcusing n the mind-bdy-nature cnnectin.(静默行走包括在户外行走，不受音乐或对话等干扰，专注于身心自然的联系)”以及下文“That’s a slwer, lwer-impact way t relax and is great fr fitness. Here’s everything yu need t knw abut the trend.(这是一种较慢、影响较小的放松方式，非常适合健身。以下是您需要了解的有关趋势的所有信息)”说明静默行走是一种适合健身的运动方式。空处补充上文内容，并引出下文。F项中的it指代前文中的Silent walking，“reaching certain speed r steps”和下文中的“That’s a slwer, lwer-impact way”相呼应，说明静默行走不关注到特定的速度或步数，而是以一种较慢、影响较小的放松方式行走。所以F项“与以锻炼为导向的行走不同，它不关注达到特定的速度或步数”符合语境。故选F。
2. 上文“Select a natural setting and fully engage yur senses. Fr reaping the mental health benefits, it is recmmended t find a quiet and peaceful natural lcatin. (选择一个自然的环境，充分利用你的感官。为了获得心理健康的好处，建议找一个安静、宁静的自然地点)”说明静默行走需要选择找一个安静、宁静的自然地点。空处与前文内容形成因果逻辑关系，G项中的“In such an envirnment”和前文中的“a quiet and peaceful natural lcatin”相呼应，说明在这样安静和自然的环境下，你就可以沉浸在自然的音景中。故选G。
3. 上文“T stimulate the mind, cnsider explring different rutes than usual. Withut yur favurite pdcast r playlist, yu might slip int bredm n yur walk. (为了刺激大脑，可以考虑探索与平时不同的路线。如果没有你最喜欢的播客或播放列表，你可能会在散步时陷入无聊)”说明如果平时喜欢博客等，在静默散步时就会感到无聊。空处和前文形成转折关系，所以提出的“无聊的积极影响”提供铺垫。A项中的But引出了与上文相对的观点，表明尽管无聊可能被视为不愉快的体验，但它并非有害，这为下文科学家对无聊的积极评价提供了逻辑上的衔接。A项“But being bred wn’t hurt yu.”符合语境。故选A。
4. 上文“If yu’re usually a headphne wearer, it will feel super weird t walk withut yur g-t tunes, but give yurself a secnd t adjust. Chances are, nce yu’re a few minutes int yur silent walk, yu’ll feel the magic kick in.(如果你通常是一个戴耳机的人，在没有音乐的情况下走路会感觉非常奇怪，但给自己一秒钟的时间来调整。很有可能，当你安静地散步几分钟后，你会感觉到神奇的力量开始了)”说明当你调整自己去接受静默行走时，你会发现它神奇的力量。空处是对上文的承接，并呼应段落主题。空格所在的段落讨论了开始进行静默行走的建议，从五分钟开始，逐渐增加到三十分钟。C项“逐渐调整常规可以帮助轻松进入体验”符合语境，与上文提到的从短时间开始逐步增加时间相呼应，说明逐步调整可以帮助人们适应没有音乐的行走。故选C。
5. 上文“After cmpleting a silent walk, take time t reflect upn any emerging thughts, feelings, r insights. (在完成一次静默行走后，花时间反思任何新出现的想法、感受或见解)”说明在完成静默行走后需要做出反思。空处与前文内容形成逻辑上的解释关系，说明反思的重要性。E项中的They指代前文中的“any emerging thughts, feelings, r insights”，说明E“它们可以加深理解并作为个人成长的记录”符合语境，与上文建议的反思活动相呼应，强调了记录这些想法、感受或领悟对于加深个人理解和记录个人成长的重要性。故选E。
Passage 3
(2024·山东·三模)Time is a valuable resurce, especially fr thse wh need t deal with academic demands, persnal grwth, and scial activities at the same time. Effective time management nt nly leads t increased prductivity, but reduces stress. 1 . Here are sme strategies t help yung adults master the art f time management.
Setting clear and achievable shrt-term and lng-term gals is essential fr yuth. 2 They’ll als distribute time accrdingly. Whether it’s studying fr exams r pursuing persnal interests, having well-defined gals prvides a sense f directin. Meanwhile, imprtance levels f tasks can vary. By fcusing n key tasks and minimizing time spent n unimprtant nes, yung adults can perfect their time management.
3 It makes efficient use f their time. Whether using a planner r a calendar app scheduling specific blcks f time fr different activities, including study time, exercise, scializing, can lead t better time use.
Furthermre, learning t say n is a valuable skill fr yuth. With numerus pprtunities and interests, it’s easy t becme verwhelmed. By being selective abut cmmitments, yung adults can arrange their time and energy wisely. Saying n t nn-essential activities frees up time fr imprtant tasks. 4 .
In the pursuit f persnal success, yung adults ften find themselves caught up in a series f respnsibilities and cmmitments. Hwever, it’s essential fr them t recgnize that life shuldn’t be like this. Self-care plays a vital rle in time management. 5 By ensuring they maintain a healthy wrk-life balance, yung adults can recharge their energy levels, imprve fcus, and increase prductivity. That way, they perfect time usage and pave the way fr success.
A. That actually prevents ver-cmmitment.
B. One shuld cnstantly review hw time is spent.
C. It creates pprtunities fr persnal develpment as well.
D. Develping a daily schedule helps yung adults stay rganized.
E. Putting things ff cnstantly is a cmmn time management prject.
F. By knwing what they want t accmplish, they can priritize their tasks.
G. Yuth shuld value adequate rest and activities that prmte their well-being.
【答案】1. C 2. F 3. D 4. A 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可以帮助年轻人提高效率，减轻压力的时间管理策略。
1. 根据上文“Effective time management nt nly leads t increased prductivity, but reduces stress. (有效的时间管理不仅能提高工作效率，还能减轻压力)”可知，通过介绍时间管理的好处，引出下文介绍时间管理的策略，因此空处应该承接上文，进一步阐述时间管理的好处，C选项“它也为个人发展创造了机会。”符合语境。故选C项。
2. 根据上文“Setting clear and achievable shrt-term and lng-term gals is essential fr yuth. (制定明确和可实现的短期和长期目标对青年至关重要)”可知，设定可实现的短期和长期目标是重要的，且本段末“By fcusing n key tasks and minimizing time spent n unimprtant nes, yung adults can perfect their time management. (通过专注于关键任务，减少在不重要的事情上花费的时间，年轻人可以完善他们的时间管理)”表明要聚焦重要的任务，因此空处应对上文“设定目标”做进一步阐述，F选项“通过知道他们想要完成什么，他们可以优先考虑他们的任务。”承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
3. 根据下文“It makes efficient use f their time. Whether using a planner r a calendar app scheduling specific blcks f time fr different activities, including study time, exercise, scializing, can lead t better time use. (它有效地利用了他们的时间。无论是使用计划器还是日历应用程序，为不同的活动安排特定的时间块，包括学习时间、锻炼时间、社交时间，都能让你更好地利用时间)”可知，本段主张制定每日计划可以帮助年轻人做事有条理，D选项“制定一个日常时间表有助于年轻人保持有序。”引出下文，符合语境。故选D项。
4. 根据上文“By being selective abut cmmitments, yung adults can arrange their time and energy wisely. Saying n t nn-essential activities frees up time fr imprtant tasks. (通过对承诺有选择性，年轻人可以明智地安排他们的时间和精力。把不重要的事情说不可以腾出时间去做重要的事情)”可知，拒绝不必要的事情可以空出时间去做重要的事，避免在不重要的事情上过度投入。A选项“这实际上可以防止过度承诺。”承接上文，符合题意，故选A项。
5. 根据上文“Self-care plays a vital rle in time management. (自我照顾在时间管理中起着至关重要的作用)”及下文“By ensuring they maintain a healthy wrk-life balance, yung adults can recharge their energy levels, imprve fcus, and increase prductivity. (通过确保他们保持健康的工作与生活平衡，年轻人可以补充他们的能量水平，提高注意力，提高效率)”可知，本段主张自我照顾是时间管理中的重要一环，空处应承上启下，强调年轻人应该保证充足的休息，提升健康水平、维持工作与生活的平衡。G选项“青年应该重视适当的休息和促进他们健康的活动。”符合语境。故选G项。
Passage 4
(2024·江苏·二模)If yu are trying t assess a persn’s character, make sure yu d nt rely t heavily n factrs that can be misleading. Instead, bserve the individual’s ability t tell the truth and t cmmit. 1
Yu can tell a lt abut a persn’s character by bserving hw he treats ther peple. 2 It may be difficult t determine hw he treats different types f peple if yu nly encunter him in a single envirnment, such as the wrkplace. It is ften pssible, hwever, t get sme idea f his manner f interactin with different types f peple thrugh cnversatin with him.
Whether r nt a persn is hnest says a lt abut his character. The attitude a persn has abut hnesty can als indicate what type f persn he is. 3 T sme degree the types f lies he may tell and his mtives fr ding s matter.
4 The wrd “cmmitment” ften causes peple t instantly think f clse relatinships. Whether a persn can respect the vws(誓约) and agreements is usually an indicatin f character.
A persn’s character is affected by his attitude. 5 Attitude can affect many aspects f a persn’s life, including hw hard he wrks and his ability t be supprtive f thers.
When yu are trying t assess smene’s character, remember that it cnsists f qualities and habits that frm his identity.
A. Mre imprtantly, it’s necessary t cntinue his inner struggle.
B. The level f cmmitment indicates the type f character he has.
C. There are many ther things in life that may require cmmitment.
D. This includes bth peple he knws and peple he des nt knw.
E. Als, pay attentin t his attitude and try t distinguish hw it impacts his life.
F. Observe the persn’s cnversatins and try t determine hw ften he tells lies.
G. Sme peple generally have a negative utlk while thers may try t be psitive even in difficult situatins.
【答案】1. E 2. D 3. F 4. B 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何评估一个人的性格，给出了具体的方法和建议。
1. 根据前文“If yu are trying t assess a persn’s character, make sure yu d nt rely t heavily n factrs that can be misleading. Instead, bserve the individual’s ability t tell the truth and t cmmit.(如果你试图评估一个人的性格，确保你不要过于依赖可能会误导人的因素。相反，观察一个人说真话和承诺的能力)”可知，此处在讲述应该通过哪些方面去评估一个人的性格，所以E项“Als, pay attentin t his attitude and try t distinguish hw it impacts his life.(同时，注意他的态度，并试着区分它是如何影响他的生活的)”符合此处主题，承接上文，讲述通过他的态度去评估一个人的性格。故选E项。
2. 根据前文“Yu can tell a lt abut a persn’s character by bserving hw he treats ther peple.(你可以通过观察一个人如何对待别人来了解他的性格)”可知，D项“This includes bth peple he knws and peple he des nt knw.(这包括他认识的人和他不认识的人)”是对前句提及的“别人”的详细补充，符合文意。故选D项。
3. 根据前文“Whether r nt a persn is hnest says a lt abut his character. The attitude a persn has abut hnesty can als indicate what type f persn he is.(一个人是否诚实在很大程度上反映了他的性格。一个人对诚实的态度也可以表明他是什么类型的人)”可知，本段主要讲述了通过观察一个人是否诚实来评估他的性格，所以F项“Observe the persn’s cnversatins and try t determine hw ften he tells lies.(观察这个人的谈话，试着确定他说谎的频率)”符合本段主题。故选F项。
4. 分析设空处，位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“The wrd “cmmitment” ften causes peple t instantly think f clse relatinships. Whether a persn can respect the vws (誓约) and agreements is usually an indicatin f character.(“承诺”这个词通常会让人们立刻联想到亲密的关系。一个人是否能尊重誓言和协议通常是一个人性格的标志)”可知，本段主要讲述通过观察一个人是否能遵守承诺来评估一个人的性格，所以B项“The level f cmmitment indicates the type f character he has.(承诺的程度表明了他的性格类型)”符合本段主题，其中cmmitment为同词复现。故选B项。
5. 根据前文“A persn’s character is affected by his attitude.(一个人的态度影响他的性格)”可知，本段主要讲述一个人对事物的态度会影响他的性格，所以G项“Sme peple generally have a negative utlk while thers may try t be psitive even in difficult situatins.(有些人通常持消极态度，而有些人即使在困难的情况下也会努力保持积极态度)”是对前文的详细解释，符合文意。故选G项。
Passage 5
(2024·浙江金华·二模)Have yu ever wndered why yu want t d smething, r what causes peple t g thrugh extrardinary pain r persnal investment just t achieve a particular utcme? 1 Mtivatin.
Mtivatin is the reasn fr peple’s actins, gals, and willingness t pursue the gals. Smetimes it seems difficult t find, but we all have that spark at ur cre. Here are sme ways yu can turn that spark back int a flame.
2 If yur mtivatin is fading, ntice when this starts t happen and what events culd have driven it. Yu’ll find that yu’re mre likely t feel bred when yu’re in certain envirnments. As yu becme mre aware f this, yu can put yurself in situatins where yu’re mre likely t thrive.
Keep a thankfulness jurnal. 3 When they’re aware f what they’re thankful fr, it drives them in specific areas f their lives. Cnsidering this, yu may find value in keeping a thankfulness jurnal where yu regularly list blessings.
Design an accmplishment bk. Creative peple may d well t design an accmplishment bk with images f past wrk and accmplishments as a frm f encuragement. It can be as infrmal r frmal as yu’d like. It might be a simple scrapbk yu keep at yur desk, r a prfessinally printed bklet that yu keep by yur bed. 4
Get ut f the huse. If yur life cnsists f ging t wrk, cming hme, watching Netflix, and ging t sleep, yu shuldn’t be surprised that yu’re unmtivated. 5 Stretching yurself will expse yu t new ideas, activities, and peple, which will either strike up new mtivatin r rekindle things yu have frgtten abut.
A. What’s the pssible slutin?
B. Identify when mtivatin slips.
C. What’s at the heart f this issue?
D. Decide what wrks best fr yu and give it a try.
E. A thankfulness jurnal is a perfect way t shw yur gratitude t thers.
F. Sme peple find that thankfulness and mtivatin are directly cnnected.
G. Make it a pint t g utdrs and try new things even when yu dn’t want t.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. F 4. D 5. G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了获得动机的几个方法。
1. 根据上文“Have yu ever wndered why yu want t d smething, r what causes peple t g thrugh extrardinary pain r persnal investment just t achieve a particular utcme?”( 你有没有想过为什么你想做某事，或者是什么让人们经历了巨大的痛苦或个人投资，只是为了达到一个特定的结果？)根据下文“Mtivatin”(动力)可知，选项在问一个问题，而下文是对上文的回答。故C选项“这个问题的核心是什么?”切题。故选C项。
2. 根据下文“If yur mtivatin is fading, ntice when this starts t happen and what events culd have driven it.”( 如果你的动力正在消退，注意这种情况何时开始发生，以及是什么事件导致了这种情况。)可知，要确定动机何时消失。故B选项“确定动机何时消失。”切题，为本段的标题。故选B项。
3. 根据下文“When they’re aware f what they’re thankful fr, it drives them in specific areas f their lives.”(当他们意识到他们要感恩的东西时，它会驱使他们在生活的特定领域中前进。)可知，动机和感恩是相关联的。故F选项“有些人发现感恩和动机是直接相关的。”切题。故选F项。
4. 根据上文“It might be a simple scrapbk yu keep at yur desk, r a prfessinally printed bklet that yu keep by yur bed.”( 它可能是你放在桌子上的一个简单的剪贴簿，或者是你放在床边的一本专业印刷的小册子。)可知，选项总结上文，说明要找到合适自己的，尝试一下。故D选项“决定什么最适合你，然后试一试。”切题。故选D项。
5. 根据下文“Stretching yurself will expse yu t new ideas, activities, and peple, which will either strike up new mtivatin r rekindle things yu have frgtten abut.”(伸展自己会让你接触到新的想法、活动和人，这要么会激发新的动力，要么会重新点燃你已经忘记的东西。)可知，选项鼓励人们要到户外尝试新的事物和想法。故G选项“即使你不想去，也要去户外尝试新事物。”切题。故选G项。
Passage 6
(2024·江苏·模拟预测)When we are faced with a crisis, r if we have an imprtant decisin t make, many f us fall int the trap f ver-thinking. We may keep thinking abut smething cnstantly and t lng. 1 Hw can we stp urselves frm ver-thinking?
Ding smething t distract yurself is a gd idea. Yu can find wrking with yur hands is especially gd. 2 Yur brain simply desn’t have the resurces t split itself int a third activity, fr example ver-thinking.
3 Studies have shwn that when smene views smething in excitement and anxiety, the brain is frced t becme stuck in the present because all f yur senses are cmpletely engaged. Yu d nt have time t fcus n smething different, which can cause ver-thinking.
Cnstant wishing, hping and praying d nt give yu any relief. They just keep yu stuck in ne place. But taking the smallest step ff the crisis really matters. It will set things in mtin, making yu like a snwball. 4
The traps are things that cause yur natural ability t react withut yu realizing that there is a cnnectin between the tw. Thus, aviding relevant traps is als a gd idea. 5 Fr example, if ne f yur clleagues is s negative that she always drags yu dwn, stp hanging ut with her by having lunch alne at a nearby restaurant.
A. This mindset tends t ruin ur day.
B. Put simply, ut f sight, ut f mind.
C. Just as a saying ges, nce bitten, twice shy.
D. Yu are really getting yur brain wrking fr yu.
E. Other activities are the nes that aruse yur curisity.
F. It engages yur mvement skills and thinking prcess.
G. Thus, yu will gradually mve yurself ut f the feeling.
【答案】1. A 2. F 3. E 4. G 5. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要讲了一些阻止我们过度思考的方法。
1. 根据上文“We may keep thinking abut smething cnstantly and t lng.(我们可能一直在想某件事，而且想得太久了)”和下文“Hw can we stp urselves frm ver-thinking?(我们怎样才能阻止自己过度思考呢？)”可知空格前后都是关乎ver-thinking 这种心态，所以选项说明过度思考的不良影响，故A选项“这种心态往往会毁了我们的一天”符合语境，故选A。
2. 根据前文“Yu can find wrking with yur hands is especially gd.(你会发现用手干活特别好)”和后文“Yur brain simply desn’t have the resurces t split itself int a third activity, fr example ver-thinking.(你的大脑没有足够的资源把自己分成第三个活动，比如过度思考)”可以推断这里填的是动手的两方面，故F选项“它涉及你的运动技能和思维过程”符合语境。故选F。
3. 根据后文“Studies have shwn that when smene views smething in excitement and anxiety, the brain is frced t becme stuck in the present because all f yur senses are cmpletely engaged. Yu d nt have time t fcus n smething different, which can cause ver-thinking.(研究表明，当一个人在兴奋和焦虑中看到某事时，大脑被迫陷入当下，因为你所有的感官都完全参与其中。你没有时间去关注不同的事情，这会导致过度思考)”可知，第三段整段，用兴奋、焦虑的态度看事情会抑制过度思考，兴奋对应E选项中的curisity。且第二段ding smething和E选项中的ther对应上，故E选项“其他的活动会引起你的好奇心”符合语境。故选E。
4. 根据上文“Cnstant wishing, hping and praying d nt give yu any relief. They just keep yu stuck in ne place. But taking the smallest step ff the crisis really matters. It will set things in mtin, making yu like a snwball.(不断的希望、希望和祈祷并没有给你任何解脱。他们只会把你困在一个地方。但在危机中迈出最小的一步真的很重要。它会让事情动起来，让你像个雪球)”可以推断把事情拆成小步骤， 然后一点点滚雪球式完成， 故G选项“因此，你会逐渐摆脱这种感觉”突出一个 gradually逐渐，符合语境。故选G。
5. 根据前文“The traps are things that cause yur natural ability t react withut yu realizing that there is a cnnectin between the tw. Thus, aviding relevant traps is als a gd idea.(陷阱是在你没有意识到这两者之间有联系的情况下，引起你的自然反应能力的事情。因此，避免相关的陷阱也是一个好主意)”和后文的例子远离负面情绪朋友，故B选项“眼不见心不烦”符合语境。故选B。
Passage 7
(2024江苏镇江高三下·阶段练习)Winter can cause damage t yur skin, and it can feel like there’s n escape. 1 Happily, there are many ways t deal with dry skin and keep yurself cmfrtable.
• Use a humidifier(加湿器) t increase humidity.
In the cler winter mnths, a humidifier in yur hme r ffice will restre misture t the air, helping t keep yur skin hydrated(含水的).
Run a humidifier in yur entire hme r in rms yu spend the mst time in, and aim t keep indr humidity levels between 30 and 50 percent. 2 If yu’re unsure f yur hme’s humidity levels, yu can buy a humidity meter.
•Keep thermstat(恒温器) temperatures cl and cmfrtable.
If yu’re lking t escape dry, cld utdr air, yu are likely t turn n the heat as sn as yu get hme. 3 Try a cl yet cmfrtable setting t prevent yur skin frm drying further-the American Ostepathic Cllege f Dermatlgy recmmends 68 t 75 degrees F.
• 4
Lng, steamy shwers may sund like a great idea when it’s cld, but very ht water can dry ut the skin. A 5-t 10-minute warm shwer is less likely t wrsen dry skin than a ht ne.
Yu shuld als avid using excessively ht water t wash yur hands. Dry skin frm expsure t ht water r cl winter air can cause an eczema(湿疹). 5
If yu still experience dryness, discmfrt, and redness after trying these healthy skin tips, experts suggest using an ver-the-cunter I percent hydrcrtisne cream r talking with yur dctr.
A. Firstly, apply hand cream after each washing.
B. It’s quite unusual t find yur skin red and dry in winter.
C. One ptin is t turn it n vernight while yu’re sleeping.
D. Lwer water temperatures fr shwering and hand-washing.
E. But high central heat can make the air in yur huse even drier.
F. Cler water seems t be as effective and is mre friendly t the skin.
G. Even the things that make winter wnderful, such as sitting by a raring fire, can dry yur skin.
【答案】1. G 2. C 3. E 4. D 5. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个在冬季也能处理皮肤干燥并保持舒适的方法。
1. 由上文“Winter can cause damage t yur skin, and it can feel like there's n escape.(冬天会对你的皮肤造成伤害，而且感觉无处可逃。)”以及后文“Happily, there are many ways t deal with dry skin and keep yurself cmfrtable.(令人高兴的是，有很多方法可以处理皮肤干燥并保持舒适。)”可知，空前提到了皮肤在冬季可能会出现不舒服的感觉，空处后提到了处理皮肤干燥并保持舒服的方法。G项Even the things that make winter wnderful, such as sitting by a raring fire, can dry yur skin.(即使是那些让冬天变得美好的事情，比如坐在熊熊燃烧的火炉旁，也会使你的皮肤干燥。)符合文意，该项提到了在冬季会让皮肤变得干燥的原因，引出后文中对抗皮肤干燥以及解决问题的方法，起到承上启下的作用。故选G项。
2. 由上文“Use a humidifier (加湿器)t increase humidity.(使用加湿器增加湿度)”可知，该段提到了加湿器能在一定程度上改善皮肤干燥的状况，再由上文“Run a humidifier in yur entire hme r in rms yu spend the mst time in, and aim t keep indr humidity levels between 30 and 50 percent.(在你的整个家或你呆的时间最长的房间里安装一个加湿器，目标是将室内湿度保持在30%到50%之间)”可知，加湿器可以将室内湿度保持在30%到50%之间。C项One ptin is t turn it n vernight while yu're sleeping.(一种选择是在你睡觉的时候把它打开过夜)符合语境，其中it指代上文a humidifier，有承上作用。故选C项。
3. 由上文“If yu’re lking t escape dry, cld utdr air, yu are likely t turn n the heat as sn as yu get hme. (如果你想逃离干燥、寒冷的室外空气，你很可能一回家就打开暖气)”可知，为了避寒可以打开暖气，E项But high central heat can make the air in yur huse even drier.(但是，高的中心热量会使你家的空气更加干燥。)符合语境，指出暖气会让皮肤干燥。故选E项。
4. 由下文“Lng, steamy shwers may sund like a great idea when it’s cld, but very ht water can dry ut the skin. A 5-t 10-minute warm shwer is less likely t wrsen dry skin than a ht ne.(在寒冷的时候，长时间的蒸汽淋浴听起来可能是个好主意，但热水会使皮肤变干。与热水淋浴相比，5到10分钟的温水淋浴不太可能恶化干燥的皮肤)”以及“Yu shuld als avid using excessively ht water t wash yur hands. Dry skin frm expsure t ht water r cl winter air can cause an eczema(湿疹). (你也应该避免用过热的水洗手。皮肤因暴露在热水或凉爽的冬季空气中而干燥会导致湿疹)”可知，这里主要讲避免长时间热水洗澡和用过热水洗手。D项Lwer water temperatures fr shwering and hand-washing.(降低淋浴和洗手的水温。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用。故选D项。
5. 由上文“Yu shuld als avid using excessively ht water t wash yur hands. Dry skin frm expsure t ht water r cl winter air can cause an eczema (湿疹). (你也应该避免用过热的水洗手。皮肤因暴露在热水或凉爽的冬季空气中而干燥会导致湿疹。)”可知，这里主要讲避免用过热的水洗手，F项Cler water seems t be as effective and is mre friendly t the skin.(冷水似乎同样有效，对皮肤更友好)符合语境，其中Cler water与上文excessively ht water t对应，有承上作用。故选F项。
Passage 8
(2024·河北沧州·一模)Even the mst psitive peple have negative thughts. It’s part f being human. But when negative thughts becme the nrm, it isn’t healthy. Frtunately, there are steps yu can take t change yur negative thughts int realistic thinking — seeing yurself, yur relatinships and wrld events as they really are.
Mnitr yur self-talk. We all have an nging dialgue running in ur head, which affects hw we view ur life. 1 S, t prmte realistic thinking, first yu need t find ut and listen t that inner vice. Being aware f thse inner cmments starts t help yu take cntrl f them.
2 Nt every negative thught is “bad”. Fr example, “I feel stressed and upset abut my jb because there are s many new things I am learning, but vertime I’ll learn and it’ll get easier.” has a negative aspect, but it prmtes a psitive actin. Therefre, it’s imprtant t make the distinctin between helpful thughts and negative nes.
Challenge yur unhelpful thughts. 3 Cntinuing with the wrk example, d yu really hate yur jb r are yu just anxius abut the new prject that yu’ve been assigned?
4 Nw that yu’re clear which thught is nt helpful, yu can replace it with ne that is. Using the example frm abve, a mre psitive thught might be, “Once I get started n the new prject I’m sure I’ll d fine. It’s just the anticipatin that I dn’t like.”
Repeat. Realistic thinking desn’t cme easy, especially when yu are als wrking n managing anxiety, depressin, and ther prblems. 5
A. Identify thughts that aren’t helpful.
B. Plant psitive thughts in yur mind.
C. Analyse what self-talk is the mst beneficial.
D. But because it’s cnstantly running, we ften frget it’s there.
E. These thughts can cnsume yur energy r cause physical prblems.
F. T be mre realistic, yu need t questin whether yur thughts are factual.
G. Yu need t cntinually return t it even when it feels natural t becme negative.
【答案】1. E 2. B 3. F 4. A 5. G
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了一些将消极想法转变为现实的想法的有效措施。
1. 根据上文“Mnitr yur self-talk. We all have an nging dialgue running in ur head, which affects hw we view ur life.(监控你的自言自语。我们都有一个持续的对话在我们的脑海中运行，它影响我们如何看待我们的生活)”可知，本段建议监控自己的自言自语，它们会影响我们的生活，下文“S, t prmte realistic thinking, first yu need t find ut and listen t that inner vice. Being aware f thse inner cmments starts t help yu take cntrl f them.(因此，为了促进现实思维，首先你需要找到并倾听内心的声音。意识到这些内心的评论开始帮助你控制它们)”说明要采取措施倾听内心的声音，并控制它们，因此推断E项“这些想法会消耗你的精力或导致身体问题。”符合语境,承接上文说明自言自语对生活的具体危害，同时引出下文要采取措施控制这些自言自语。故选E。
2. 空处为段落小标题，概况本段主旨。根据下文“Nt every negative thught is “bad”. Fr example, “I feel stressed and upset abut my jb because there are s many new things I am learning, but vertime I’ll learn and it’ll get easier.” has a negative aspect, but it prmtes a psitive actin. Therefre, it’s imprtant t make the distinctin between helpful thughts and negative nes.(并不是所有消极的想法都是“坏的”。例如，“我对我的工作感到压力和不安，因为我正在学习很多新东西，但是随着时间的推移，我会学习，它会变得更容易。”这是一个消极的方面，但它促进了积极的行动。因此，区分有益的想法和消极的想法是很重要的)”可知，本段讲述区分有益的想法和消极的想法，并非所有消极的想法都不好，用积极的想法取代那些消极的想法，因此推断项B“在你的脑海中植入积极的想法。”为最佳标题。故选B。
3. 根据标题“Challenge yur unhelpful thughts.(挑战你那些无益的想法)”可知，本段讲述要对抗无益的想法，下文“Cntinuing with the wrk example, d yu really hate yur jb r are yu just anxius abut the new prject that yu've been assigned?(继续以工作为例，你是真的讨厌你的工作，还是只是对分配给你的新项目感到焦虑？)”举例说明如何对抗无益的想法，因此推断F项“要更现实一点，你需要质疑自己的想法是否真实。”符合语境，说明如何挑战无益的想法，质疑是否属实，下文是对于这个想法是否属实的具体解释。故选F。
4. 空处为段落小标题，概况本段主旨。根据下文“Nw that yu’re clear which thught is nt helpful, yu can replace it with ne that is. Using the example frm abve, a mre psitive thught might be, “Once I get started n the new prject I’m sure I'll d fine. It’s just the anticipatin that I dn’t like.”(既然你清楚了哪个想法是没有帮助的，你就可以用一个有用的想法来取代它。用上面的例子，一个更积极的想法可能是，“一旦我开始新项目，我确信我会做得很好。我只是不喜欢这种期待。”)”可知，本段讲述识别那些没有帮助的想法，用有用的想法代替它。因此推断A项“识别那些没有帮助的想法。”为最佳标题。故选A。
5. 根据上文“Repeat. Realistic thinking desn’t cme easy, especially when yu are als wrking n managing anxiety, depressin, and ther prblems.(重复。现实的思考并不容易，尤其是当你还在处理焦虑、抑郁和其他问题的时候)”可知，要拥有现实的想法并不容易，需要不断地重复去练习，因此推断G项“你需要不断地回到它，即使你觉得变得消极是很自然的”符合语境，cntinually呼应repeat。故选G。
Passage 9
(2024·江苏连云港·二模)
Discvering Yur True Self Is Vital t Happiness!
Have yu fund fcusing n yurself is at the bttm f the t-d list, because yu feel everyne else in yur life cmes first? 1 Nw is exactly the perfect time t get t knw yurself in rder t understand yurself.
This isn’t just abut identifying yur favrite utfit, haircut r flavr f ice cream. 2 It’s an pprtunity fr persnal grwth that can help yu make better chices fr yur wellbeing and lifelng happiness.
There are many tls t help yu develp a deeper sense f yurself, including jurnaling and ther frms f creative expressin. Yu can use a guided jurnal t explre yur thughts and feelings r just free write whatever cmes t mind. It’s up t yu what yu want t d. 3 .
4 Take nte f hw yu respnd t peple, what makes yu happy, and what makes yu unhappy. This can help yu identify patterns that are hlding yu back, such as feeling insecure r being easily angered. Once yu’ve identified these patterns, yu can wrk t change them.
An ften verlked yet very imprtant factr in self-discvery is having healthy bundaries in yur persnal life. 5 Clearly cmmunicating yur bundaries is als a way t shw thers that yu are in cntrl f yur wn behavir and can expect the same frm them. This is a sign f maturity and respect, tw characteristics that are key t having healthy relatinships.
A. It’s ne thing t knw yur persnality type.
B. It’s a great way t shw that yu care abut thers.
C. Taking time fr urselves has been lked dwn upn.
D. Anther way is t bserve yur behavir in different situatins.
E. It allws yu t fcus n the needs f yurself withut ignring thers.
F. But try nt t get caught up in the criticism r judgment f yur writing.
G. It’s abut understanding yur inner wrld and hw yu fit int the uter wrld.
【答案】1. C 2. G 3. F 4. D 5. E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要讲了探索自己的内心世界对于自己的重要性，文章列举了一些探索自己内心世界方法，并解释了为什么这些方法可以带来更好的人际关系。
1. 根据上文“Have yu fund fcusing n yurself is at the bttm f the t-d list, because yu feel everyne else in yur life cmes first?(你是否发现关注自己被排在待办事项清单的最后，因为你觉得生活中的其他人都是第一位的？)”可知，上文提到生活中其他人都是第一位，故本句承接上文，说明没有给自己留时间。故C选项“给自己留点时间一直被人看不起”符合语境，故选C。
2. 根据上文“This isn’t just abut identifying yur favrite utfit, haircut r flavr f ice cream.((关注自己)不仅仅是确定你最喜欢的衣服、发型或冰淇淋的味道)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出关注自己的真正含义。前一句的This isn’t just abut identifying和G选项It’s abut understanding构成句法上的转折关系。故G选项“这是关于了解你的内心世界，以及你如何适应外部世界”符合语境，故选G。
3. 根据上文“There are many tls t help yu develp a deeper sense f yurself, including jurnaling and ther frms f creative expressin. Yu can use a guided jurnal t explre yur thughts and feelings r just free write whatever cmes t mind. It’s up t yu what yu want t d.(有很多工具可以帮助你发展更深层次的自我意识，包括日记和其他形式的创造性表达。你可以使用指南来探索你的想法和感受，或者只是自由地写下任何想到的东西。你想做什么由你自己决定)”可知，本段在陈述写日记能够更好地探索你的内心世界，但是仅仅专注于写日记就好， 不要去批判日记中自己的想法。此处的writing与F选项中jurnaling可以构成同义替换。故F选项“但是尽量不要陷入对你写作的批评或评判中”符合语境，故选F。
4. 根据后文“Take nte f hw yu respnd t peple, what makes yu happy, and what makes yu unhappy. This can help yu identify patterns that are hlding yu back, such as feeling insecure r being easily angered. Once yu’ve identified these patterns, yu can wrk t change them.(注意你对别人的反应，什么让你快乐，什么让你不快乐。这可以帮助你识别阻碍你前进的模式，比如缺乏安全感或容易生气。一旦你确定了这些模式，你就可以努力改变它们)”可知，上一段陈述了一种关注自己内心世界的方法，而本段则是在陈述另外一种方法，因此D选项中Anther way is t符合并列的条件，且本句的意思也与后面的“关注自己在人际交往中如何反应”相符合。故D选项“另一种方法是观察你在不同情况下的行为”符合语境，故选D。
5. 根据上文“An ften verlked yet very imprtant factr in self-discvery is having healthy bundaries in yur persnal life.(自我发现的一个经常被忽视但非常重要的因素是在你的个人生活中有健康的界限)”以及后文“Clearly cmmunicating yur bundaries is als a way t shw thers that yu are in cntrl f yur wn behavir and can expect the same frm them. This is a sign f maturity and respect, tw characteristics that are key t having healthy relatinships.(清楚地表达你的界限也是一种向别人表明你能控制自己的行为，并期望他们也能做到这一点的方式。这是成熟和尊重的标志，这两个特征是拥有健康关系的关键)”可知，前一句陈述要划定一个健康的人际关系界限，后一句则提及和别人划清界限意味着你能够很好地控制自己的行为并且也希望别人能够控制好自己的行为，这种行为能够既关注自己也关注别人，故E选项“它能让你专注于自己的需求，而不会忽视他人”符合语境，故选E。
Passage 10
(2024·江苏南通·模拟预测)Psychlgists ffer their best tips fr wrking r making prgress as planned, expected, r desired. Here is their guide t making and keeping yur plans.
Dn’t assume that yur plan has t be ambitius. “What’s much mre imprtant than setting a grand gal, like running a marathn, is t set an immediate plan that yu can start right away,” says Charles Duhigg, the authr f The Pwer f Habit. “ 1 But many peple fail t realize this.”
Whether yu are making a new habit frm scratch r changing an ld habit, decide n the cue and the reward. “The cue culd be a time, a place, r a feeling, while the reward must be instantaneus(即时的),” explains Wendy Wd, an expert frm the University f Suthern Califrnia. 2 The prize needs t be immediate, smething that makes the behavir fun.
Make it easy. A recent study shwed that peple wh travelled 8 km t the gym went nce a mnth, but peple wh travelled 6 km went five r mre times a mnth. That 2 km makes the difference between having a gd exercise habit and nt. 3 Thus, yu’re mre likely t achieve mre.
Be less critical f yurself. Accrding t an expert, the biggest barrier t new habits is self-criticism. 4 Research shws that yu shuld be kind r supprtive t yurself.
5 Gretchen Rubin, the authr f Better Than Befre, says it is crucial t avid listening t the excuses that make yur habits falter(动摇), fr example, “I can’t g n a run tmrrw because I have t d anther thing.” Recgnizing them in advance can make them less pwerful. That’s the thing abut excuses when yu realize yu’re ding it, yu’re much mre likely t resist.
A. Spt yur excuses.
B. Peple wh d this tend t be rewarded.
C. Try t remve the barriers as best as yu can.
D. Dn’t buy a new pair f shes at the end f the week.
E. It is related with less mtivatin and wrse self-cntrl.
F. That is hw yur habitual mind wrks and it has t be easy.
G. Start with baby steps like running half a mile every Mnday mrning
【答案】1. G 2. D 3. F 4. E 5. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了制定和执行计划的策略。
1. 根据空前的““What’s much mre imprtant than setting a grand gal, like running a marathn, is t set an immediate plan that yu can start right away,” says Charles Duhigg, the authr f The Pwer f Habit. (《习惯的力量》一书的作者查尔斯·杜希格说：“比设定一个宏伟的目标，比如跑马拉松，更重要的是制定一个你可以立即开始的计划。”)”可知，本空要说跟“立即开始的小目标”有关的话题，G项“Start with baby steps like running half a mile every Mnday mrning (从小步开始，比如每周一早上跑半英里)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
2. 根据上文的““The cue culd be a time, a place, r a feeling, while the reward must be instantaneus (即时的),” explains Wendy Wd, an expert frm the University f Suthern Califrnia. (南加州大学的专家温迪·伍德解释说：“提示可以是一个时间、一个地点或一种感觉，而奖励必须是即时的。”)”和下文“The prize needs t be immediate, smething that makes the behavir fun. (奖励必须是立竿见影的，能够让行为变得有趣。)”可知，本空要说跟“即时的奖励、立竿见影的奖励”有关的话题，D项“Dn’t buy a new pair f shes at the end f the week. (不要周末买一双新鞋。)”即买鞋不要等到周末，要即刻去买来奖励自己，能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。
3. 根据上文的“Make it easy. A recent study shwed that peple wh travelled 8 km t the gym went nce a mnth, but peple wh travelled 6 km went five r mre times a mnth. That 2 km makes the difference between having a gd exercise habit and nt. (让它变得简单。最近的一项研究表明，去健身房步行8公里的人每月只去一次，而步行6公里的人每月去5次或更多。这两公里的距离决定了你是否有良好的运动习惯。)” 可知，本空要说跟“习惯性思维”有关的话题，F 项“That is hw yur habitual mind wrks and it has t be easy. (这就是你习惯性思维的运作方式，它必须很容易。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
4. 结合上文“Be less critical f yurself. Accrding t an expert, the biggest barrier t new habits is self-criticism. (少苛责自己。一位专家表示，养成新习惯的最大障碍是自我批评。)”可知，本空要说跟“苛责自己”有关的话题，E项“It is related with less mtivatin and wrse self-cntrl. (它与动力不足和自制力较差有关。)”能承接上文，符合语境，It指的是“苛责自己”。故选E。
5. 根据空后“Gretchen Rubin, the authr f Better Than Befre, says it is crucial t avid listening t the excuses that make yur habits falter (动摇), fr example, “I can’t g n a run tmrrw because I have t d anther thing.” Recgnizing them in advance can make them less pwerful. That’s the thing abut excuses when yu realize yu’re ding it, yu’re much mre likely t resist. (《比以前更好》一书的作者格雷琴·鲁宾说，重要的是不要听信那些让你的习惯动摇的借口，比如，“我明天不能去跑步，因为我还有别的事情要做。”提前识别它们可以使它们不那么强大。当你意识到你在找借口的时候，你就更有可能抗拒。)”可知，本空要说跟“借口”有关的话题，A 项“Spt yur excuses. (找出你的借口)”能引起下文，符合语境。故选A。
02 人与自然--环境保护
Passage 1
(2024·江苏宿迁·一模)Once upn a time, sewing and mending clthes was cmmn. 1 Why have peple stpped mending their clthing? Schls stpped ffering hme ecnmics classes, technlgy bmed and fast fashin became increasingly ppular. All f a sudden, it’s mre incnvenient t fix smething than it is t buy smething new.
2 In the past few years, it seems there’s been grwing interest in slw fashin—nt nly saving, but als sewing and mending. On ne f the mst pleasant crners f the internet, yu’ll find lts f vides shwcasing everything frm visible mending t beginner sewing jurneys.
Why shuld yu learn t mend? 3 As any ec expert will tell yu, the best thing yu can d is buy less t begin with. That means shpping fr quality items that will stand the test f time, but als learning a few key skills s yu can repair thse items as needed rather than sentencing them t life in an already-verflwing landfill. It’s als helpful t custmize(改制) secndhand items which might nt be exactly the right size r a little ut f date. 4
Beynd the functinal benefits, mending is abut using what yu have, embracing imperfectins, fixing what’s brken, and rejecting the idea that new er is better. The ther aspect f mending is mindfulness. 5 It’s meditative(冥想的), slw wrk. It’s prductive, and deeply satisfying. And an added bnus: It’s sustainable.
If yu are interested in sewing and mending, it is the perfect time t learn the new skill. which can especially have a psitive impact n the wrld.
A. But all hpe is nt lst.
B. Because it is a means f making a living.
C. Mending is a great way t reject cnsumerism.
D. Buying secndhand gds makes it pssible t be sustainable.
E. This way, yu may find yurself upcycling pieces int nes that suit yu.
F. At sme pint in the last few decades, thugh, it became smething f a lst art.
G. Yu fcus n the task at hand and use yur creativity t make yur clthes unique.
【答案】1. F 2. A 3. C 4. E 5. G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了修补和缝纫衣服的好处。
1. 根据上文“Once upn a time, sewing and mending clthes was cmmn.(曾几何时，缝纫和缝补衣服是很常见的)”以及后文“Why have peple stpped mending their clthing?(为什么人们不再缝补衣服了？)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出人们不再缝补衣服了。故F选项“然而，在过去几十年的某个时候，它成了一门失传的艺术”符合语境，故选F。
2. 根据上文“All f a sudden, it’s mre incnvenient t fix smething than it is t buy smething new.(突然之间，修理东西比买新东西更不方便)”以及后文“In the past few years, it seems there’s been grwing interest in slw fashin—nt nly saving, but als sewing and mending. On ne f the mst pleasant crners f the internet, yu’ll find lts f vides shwcasing everything frm visible mending t beginner sewing jurneys.(在过去的几年里，人们对慢时尚的兴趣似乎越来越大——不仅是省钱，还有缝纫和修补。在互联网最令人愉快的角落之一，你会发现很多视频，展示从可见的修补到初学者的缝纫之旅)”可知，本句与上一段最后一句构成转折，指出在过去几年，人们又开始进行缝纫了，故A选项“但并不是所有的希望都破灭了”符合语境，故选A。
3. 根据上文“Why shuld yu learn t mend?(你为什么要学会缝补？)”以及后文“As any ec expert will tell yu, the best thing yu can d is buy less t begin with.(正如任何一位生态专家都会告诉你的那样，你能做的最好的事情就是开始时少买)”可知，本句回答上文为什么要学会缝补的问题，结合后文提到少买，可知缝补可以避免太多消费。故C选项“缝补是拒绝消费主义的好方法”符合语境，故选C。
4. 根据上文“It’s als helpful t custmize (改制) secndhand items which might nt be exactly the right size r a little ut f date.(定制尺寸不合适或有点过时的二手物品也很有帮助)”可知，上文提到了修改尺寸或二手物品，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明这么做的好处。故E选项“这样，你可能会发现自己把旧衣服升级成适合自己的衣服”符合语境，故选E。
5. 根据上文“The ther aspect f mending is mindfulness.(修补的另一个方面是正念)”以及后文“It’s meditative (冥想的), slw wrk. It’s prductive, and deeply satisfying.(这是一项沉思的、缓慢的工作。这是富有成效的，而且非常令人满意)”可知，本句承接上文，具体说明修补可以产生正念的具体内涵，故G选项“你专注于手头的工作，用你的创造力让你的衣服与众不同”符合语境，故选G。
Passage 2
(2024江苏扬州高三上·期末)In the frest f New Mexic, scientists are carrying tw ten-day-ld Mexican wlf pups(幼崽) riding in a backpack, searching fr a Mexican wlf pair that has just given birth t six pups. 1
Mexican wlves were extinct in the USA by the 1970s, but there was a plan t bring them back. The first step was t trap five wild Mexican wlves and breed them with tw caged nes. In 1998, the first caged-brn adult Mexican wlves were released int frests. 2 If animals have t pair up with family members, then their pups will have unhealthy genes, making them sick.
3 Let wild wlves adpt caged-brn pups-that’s hw these tw pups end up in backpacks. While the adult wlves are ut hunting, the scientists gently place the pups with their new brthers and sisters. They rub the caged-brn and wild pups tgether, ever letting them pee(小便) n each ther t mix their smells! 4 This result makes the scientists ptimistic abut the plan.
The idea is that the caged pups will grw up and breed with wild wlves. 5 Thanks t this nging wrk, 250 wild Mexican wlves wander Arizna and New Mexic tday.
A. The scientists were cntent with it.
B. S the experts came up with a new plan.
C. The wlf parents nly care fr their wn pups.
D. In this way their healthy genes will be passed dwn.
E. The ppulatin slwly grew, but scientists were still wrried.
F. After that, the wlf parents wn’t mind taking care f the new pups.
G. The wlf mum and dad dn’t knw it, but they’re abut t adpt tw mre!
【答案】1. G 2. E 3. B 4. F 5. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述在墨西哥狼濒临灭绝的情况下，科学家通过不断完善的计划来改善现状。
1. 根据上文“In the frest f New Mexic, scientists are carrying tw ten-day-ld Mexican wlf pups (幼崽) riding in a backpack, searching fr a Mexican wlf pair that has just given birth t six pups.(在新墨西哥州的森林里，科学家们背着两只10天大的墨西哥狼崽，寻找一对刚刚生下六只幼崽的墨西哥狼)”可知，上文提到科学家背着两只刚出生的狼崽，而下文特别是第三段讲述如何将圈养的狼崽送到野生狼崽中，让野生墨西哥狼接受并收养，但是狼爸和狼妈并不知道这情况。故G选项“狼妈妈和狼爸爸不知道，但他们即将再收养两只！”符合语境，故选G。
2. 根据上文“Mexican wlves were extinct in the USA by the 1970s, but there was a plan t bring them back. The first step was t trap five wild Mexican wlves and breed them with tw caged nes. In 1998, the first caged-brn adult Mexican wlves were released int frests.(到20世纪70年代，墨西哥狼在美国已经灭绝，但有一个将它们带回来的计划。第一步是捕获五只野生墨西哥狼，并与两只关在笼子里的狼一起繁殖。1998年，第一批在笼子里出生的成年墨西哥狼被放归森林)”以及后文“If animals have t pair up with family members, then their pups will have unhealthy genes, making them sick.(如果动物必须与家庭成员配对，那么它们的幼崽就会有不健康的基因，使它们生病)”可知，本段讲述科学家的第一个计划：通过野生的墨西哥狼和圈养的狼繁殖出第一只圈养的狼崽，并将其放生到森林中。再看下文，如果一直是近亲繁殖，会产生不健康的基因，导致疾病。可以看出该计划有一点的成效，但是仍有隐患。故E选项“种群数量缓慢增长，但科学家们仍然很担心”符合语境，故选E。
3. 根据本段内容“Let wild wlves adpt caged-brn pups-that’s hw these tw pups end up in backpacks. While the adult wlves are ut hunting, the scientists gently place the pups with their new brthers and sisters. They rub the caged-brn and wild pups tgether, ever letting them pee (小便) n each ther t mix their smells!(让野狼收养在笼子里出生的小狼崽——这就是为什么这两只小狼崽最后会被装进背包的原因。当成年狼外出狩猎时，科学家们轻轻地把幼狼和它们的新兄弟姐妹放在一起。他们把笼子里出生的幼崽和野生的幼崽揉在一起，甚至让它们互相撒尿来混合它们的气味！)”可以看出，科学家执行了另一个计划，特别是最后一句“This result makes the scientists ptimistic abut the plan.(这一结果使科学家们对该计划持乐观态度)”提到对该计划还是很乐观的，因此段首句应该是科学家想出了一个新计划。故B选项“所以专家们想出了一个新计划”符合语境，故选B。
4. 根据上文“They rub the caged-brn and wild pups tgether, ever letting them pee (小便) n each ther t mix their smells!(他们把笼子里出生的幼崽和野生的幼崽揉在一起，甚至让它们互相撒尿来混合它们的气味！)”可知，上句讲述科学家通过将野生和圈养狼崽相互摩擦和小便来混合它们的气味。结合下句“This result makes the scientists ptimistic abut the plan.(这一结果使科学家们对该计划持乐观态度)”可以看出该做法是有效的，推测圈养狼崽被接受了。故F选项“在那之后，狼父母不会介意照顾新的幼崽”符合语境，故选F。
5. 根据前句“The idea is that the caged pups will grw up and breed with wild wlves.(他们的想法是，这些被关在笼子里的幼崽将与野生狼一起长大并繁殖)”讲该计划的理念是让野生和圈养的狼崽一起长大并繁殖后代，可知，本句说明这么做的目的就是让健康的基因传递下去。故D选项“通过这种方式，他们健康的基因将被传递下去”符合语境，故选D。
Passage 3
(2024山东济宁高三上·期末)
Leave-N-Trace Camping
Fr thse f us wh lve spending time in the great utdrs, wild spaces are very special. These are places we visit t recharge, r t fill ur hearts with natural beauty. 1 If yu feel this way, then yu’re the perfect persn t prmte and practice Leave-N-Trace camping.
Its principles are t treat the wilderness the way a decent visitr wuld and leave everything just as yu fund it, with n evidence that yu passed thrugh. 2 That’s because yur visit makes a minimal impact n the envirnment.
Yu can carry ut these ideals in a number f ways. Begin by packing ut all yur litter. Whenever yu g camping, take an empty trash bag with yu and put all garbage int the bag. In additin, try nt t damage vegetatin. 3 Wherever yu g, think abut what yur heavy shes r bts are ding t the plants underneath and try t keep damage t a minimum.
It’s als imprtant that yu shuld nt take things away frm the wilderness. Rcks, plants, flwers and seashells are all part f the natural landscape. 4 Plus, many animals find hmes and fd in abandned shells and flwer-heads, and these are things they wuld miss if yu cllected them.
Leave-N-Trace camping is abut being respectful and thughtful. It’s abut hnring the natural wrld and the creatures that live in it. If yu lve seeing an untuched muntain stream r a lvely field f wildflwers, then yu’ve already taken the first step. 5
A. This means nt stepping int a wild animal’s space.
B. This is als called “lw impact” r “n impact” camping.
C. Once taken away, they wn’t be there fr thers t enjy.
D. An increasing number f peple take up camping in the wilderness.
E. When yu put up yur tent, try t find a place that’s already bare f plants.
F. We hate t see them littered with rubbish r any reminders f previus visitrs.
G. Fllw these basic practices and yu can be mdels f the Leave-N-Trace philsphy.
【答案】1. F 2. B 3. E 4. C 5. G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了践行“不留痕迹”露营的注意事项。
1. 下文“If yu feel this way, then yu’re the perfect persn t prmte and practice Leave-N-Trace camping.(如果你有这种感觉，那么你就是推广和实践“不留痕迹”露营的最佳人选)”说明了一种条件，故上文需要指明“feel this way”是什么感觉，F项“We hate t see them littered with rubbish r any reminders f previus visitrs.(我们不愿看到它们到处都是垃圾，也不愿看到任何提醒我们以前来过的人的东西)”照应下文“feel this way”，衔接恰当。故选F项。
2. 下文“That’s because yur visit makes a minimal impact n the envirnment.(这是因为你的参观对环境的影响很小)”指明了一件事情的原因，B项“This is als called “lw impact” r “n impact” camping.(这也被称为“低影响”或“无影响”露营)”中的“This”照应上文“Leave-N-Trace camping”，并与下文构成因果关系，因为你的参观对环境的影响很小，所以它又被称为“低影响”或“无影响”露营。故选B项。
3. 上文“In additin, try nt t damage vegetatin.(另外，尽量不要破坏植被)”说明露营时，要保护植被，E项“When yu put up yur tent, try t find a place that’s already bare f plants.(当你搭帐篷的时候，尽量找一个没有植物的地方)”用具体的事例说明如何做到不破坏植被，衔接恰当。故选E项。
4. 上文“It’s als imprtant that yu shuld nt take things away frm the wilderness. Rcks, plants, flwers and seashells are all part f the natural landscape.(同样重要的是，你不应该从野外拿走东西。岩石、植物、花朵和贝壳都是自然景观的一部分)”说明不应该带走野外生长的东西，C项“Once taken away, they wn’t be there fr thers t enjy.(一旦被拿走，别人就无法再那里欣赏到它们了)”衔接上文，说明带走野外生长的东西会导致的结果，“they”指代上文“Rcks, plants, flwers and seashells”，符合句意。故选C项。
5. 上文“If yu lve seeing an untuched muntain stream r a lvely field f wildflwers, then yu’ve already taken the first step.(如果你喜欢看一条未受污染的山间溪流或一片美丽的野花，那么你已经迈出了第一步)”说明有欣赏自然之美的心就是实践“不留痕迹”露营的第一步，G项“Fllw these basic practices and yu can be mdels f the Leave-N-Trace philsphy.(遵循这些基本做法，你就可以成为践行不留痕迹露营的典范)”段尾句总结了全文内容，“these basic practices”指代上文提到的一切尊重和体贴大自然的举动，并照应开头“If yu feel this way, then yu’re the perfect persn t prmte and practice Leave-N-Trace camping.(如果你有这种感觉，那么你就是推广和实践“不留痕迹”露营的最佳人选)”符合句意。故选G项。
Passage 4
(2024高三上·江苏扬州·阶段练习)The current ppulatin f ysters(牡蛎) is nly a small part f their histric levels. 1 . T help maintain existing habitats, the state requires licenses fr the harvesting f shellfish and cntrls where and when the harvesting activity can take place. Suth Carlina’s Department f Natural Resurces has als planned t recycle and replant yster shells.
2 . They serve as anchrs t which babies can attach themselves. Returning shells t the state’s rivers ensures that any larvae(幼虫) lking fr a hme can find smething t which they can be attached.
The critical nature f ysters in the ecsystem is difficult t verstate. Alng the Atlantic shreline f the United States, the Eastern Oyster is cnsidered a fundatin species. Oysters gather tgether as part f their natural life cycle, frming reefs that prvide the habitat fr fish, crabs, and ther small cean creatures. 38 .
In additin t being the bedrck f many underwater cmmunities, ysters als help maintain the cleanliness f Suth Carlina’s castal waters. Dirty water cmes in frm the cean and gets filtered by ysters. Water ges back ut cleanly. 4 . Turists want t g t beautiful and clean beaches, cme ut n bat trips, and see dlphins.
Suth Carlina is wrking hard t rebuild castal reefs that will supprt and sustain future yster ppulatins. It’s wrth keeping in mind that every shell remved frm the river culd be the base fr the next year’s new ysters. 5 , it’s ging t be a lng time befre we get enugh recruitment (增长) in the yster ppulatin t keep it sustainable.
A. Once we lse that natural shell base
B. These little tiny fish need smewhere t hide
C. Because it is imprtant t recycle the yster shells
D. Even the lcal turism industry relies n this effect f ysters
E. The best place t settle is ging t be where there are adult ysters
F. Suth Carlina is actively wrking t restre and sustain its wild ysters
G. Oyster shells, bth live and dead, prvide the main habitat fr the next generatin
【答案】1. F 2. G 3. B 4. D 5. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当前牡蛎的数量大量减少，鉴于牡蛎的作用，Suth Carlina寻求保护牡蛎的措施，以增长牡蛎数量。
1. 根据空后的“T help maintain existing habitats, the state requires licenses fr the harvesting f shellfish and cntrls where and when the harvesting activity can take place.(为了帮助维持现有的栖息地，该州要求获得捕捞贝类的许可证，并控制捕捞活动的地点和时间。)”可知，为保护牡蛎的栖息地，某州作出了一些具体的要求；由the state可知，此空处应出现the state相关的内容，F选项“Suth Carlina is actively wrking t restre and sustain its wild ysters(南卡罗来纳州正在积极恢复和维持其野生牡蛎)”中的Suth Carlina为空后the state，且与空后内容吻合。故选F项。
2. 根据空后的“They serve as anchrs t which babies can attach themselves. Returning shells t the state’s rivers ensures that any larvae (幼虫) lking fr a hme can find smething t which they can be attached.(它们充当锚，牡蛎幼虫可以把自己固定在上面。将贝壳放回该州的河流中，可以确保任何寻找家园的幼虫都能找到可以依附的东西。)”可知，此处讲述的是贝壳对繁育后代的重要性，G选项“Oyster shells, bth live and dead, prvide the main habitat fr the next generatin(活的和死的牡蛎壳为下一代提供了主要的栖息地)”内容概括了本段主题，其中的Oyster shells与空后的they所指内容一致。故选G项。
3. 根据空前的“Oysters gather tgether as part f their natural life cycle, frming reefs that prvide the habitat fr fish, crabs, and ther small cean creatures.(作为自然生命周期的一部分，牡蛎会聚集在一起，形成珊瑚礁，为鱼类、螃蟹和其他小型海洋生物提供栖息地。)”可知，牡蛎为一些小的海洋生物提供了栖息场所，B选项“These little tiny fish need smewhere t hide(这些小鱼需要找个地方躲起来)”符合题意，选项中的these little tiny fish与空后的ther small cean creatures吻合。故选B项。
4. 根据空后的“Turists want t g t beautiful and clean beaches, cme ut n bat trips, and see dlphins.(游客们想去美丽干净的海滩，乘船旅行，看海豚。)”可知，此处讲述的是游客们的需求，由此可知，空处讲述的内容与牡蛎与旅游业发展相关，D选项“Even the lcal turism industry relies n this effect f ysters(甚至当地的旅游业也依赖牡蛎的这种影响)”讲述的是牡蛎对当地旅游业的影响，内容与空后内容一致。故选D项。
5. 分析该空所在句子结构可知，逗号后“it’s ging t be a lng time befre we get enugh recruitment (增长) in the yster ppulatin t keep it sustainable.(我们还需要很长一段时间才能增长足够的牡蛎的数量来保持它的可持续发展。)”讲述的是牡蛎数量增长要很长时间，且空后是一个完整的句子，所以此空处应为带有连词的句子，或短语，A选项“Once we lse that natural shell base(一旦失去了天然的壳基)”为连词nce引导的状语从句，且内容与空后内容衔接。故选A项。
Passage 5
(2024·江苏无锡·一模)A Plastic Ocean is a film t make yu think. Think, and then act. We need t take actin n ur dependence n plastic. We’ve been prducing plastic in huge quantities. Drinking bttles, shpping bags and even clthes are made with plastic. 1 What happens t all the rest? This is the questin the film A Plastic Ocean answers.
The film begins as a jurney t film the largest animal n the planet, the blue whale. But during the jurney the filmmakers make the shcking discvery f a huge, thick layer f plastic flating in the Indian Ocean. 2 In ttal, they visited 20 lcatins arund the wrld during the fur years t make the film.
In the film there are beautiful shts f the seas and marine life. 3 We see hw marine species are being killed by all the plastic we are dumping in the cean. The message abut ur use f plastic is painfully bvius.
4 In the secnd half, the filmmakers lk at what we can d t deal with the prblem.
They present shrt-term and lng-term slutins. These include aviding plastic cntainers and recycling as much as yu can. The filmmakers als stress the need fr gvernments t wrk mre n recycling prgrammes.
We make a shcking amunt f plastic. Over 300 millin tns f plastic are prduced every year, and at least 8 millin f thse are dumped int the ceans. The results are disastrus, but it isn’t t late t change. 5
A. This causes them t travel arund the wrld t lk at ther affected areas.
B. Once yu’ve seen the film, yu’ll realize it is time t d ur part.
C. It has raised public cncern all ver the wrld.
D. We live in a wrld full f plastic, and nly a small amunt is recycled.
E. But the film desn’t nly present the negative side.
F. In cnclusin, we nly have ne earth t live n.
G. These are cntrasted with dumps f plastic rubbish.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. G 4. E 5. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了塑料垃圾堆积成海，我们应当提高环保意识，改变现状。
1. 根据上文提示“We’ve been prducing plastic in huge quantities. Drinking bttles, shpping bags and even clthes are made with plastic.(我们一直在大量生产塑料。饮料瓶、购物袋甚至衣服都是用塑料做的。)”可知，我们在制造大量的塑料，生活在一个充满塑料的世界；再根据下文提示“What happens t all the rest？This is the questin the film A Plastic Ocean answers.(剩下的呢?这就是电影《塑料海洋》回答的问题。)”可知，设空处应承上启下，讲我们生活在充满塑料的世界，以及塑料的去处。由此可知D项We live in a wrld full f plastic, and nly a small amunt is recycled. (我们生活在一个充满塑料的世界，只有一小部分被回收。)切题。故选D。
2. 根据上文提示“The film begins as a jurney t film the largest animal n the planet, the blue whale. But during the jurney the filmmakers make the shcking discvery f a huge, thick layer f plastic flating in the Indian Ocean.(影片开始于拍摄地球上最大的动物蓝鲸的旅程。但在旅途中，摄制组震惊地发现印度洋上漂浮着一层巨大而厚重的塑料。)”，再根据下文提示“In ttal, they visited 20 lcatins arund the wrld during the fur years t make the film.(在拍摄这部电影的四年时间里，他们总共造访了世界各地的20个地点。)”可知，在印度洋上发现大量的塑料垃圾促使他们去到更多被影响的地方。承接上下文，A项This causes them t travel arund the wrld t lk at ther affected areas. (这使得他们到世界各地去观察其他受影响的地区。)切题。该选项中的this指代上文提到的“the shcking discvery f a huge, thick layer f plastic flating in the Indian Ocean”。故选A。
73. 根据上文提示“In the film there are beautiful shts f the seas and marine life.(影片中有海洋和海洋生物的美丽镜头。)”，承接上文，G项These are cntrasted with dumps f plastic rubbish.(这些与成堆的塑料垃圾形成对比。)切题。选项中的These指代上文提到的“beautiful shts”。故选G。
4. 根据上文提示“We see hw marine species are being killed by all the plastic we are dumping in the cean. The message abut ur use f plastic is painfully bvius.(我们看到海洋物种是如何被我们倾倒到海洋中的塑料所杀死的。关于我们使用塑料的信息是非常明显的。)”再根据下文提示“In the secnd half, the filmmakers lk at what we can d t deal with the prblem.(在影片的后半部分，电影制作人探讨了我们可以做些什么来解决这个问题。)”可知，这部电影不仅仅是展示了消极的方面，还展示了如何解决问题。由此推知，E项，But the film desn’t nly present the negative side.(但这部电影不仅呈现了消极的一面。)切题。故选E。
5. 根据上文提示“We make a shcking amunt f plastic. Over 300 millin tns f plastic are prduced every year, and at least 8 millin f thse are dumped int the ceans. The results are disastrus, but it isn’t t late t change.(我们制造了惊人数量的塑料。每年生产的塑料超过3亿吨，其中至少800万吨被倾倒到海洋中。结果是灾难性的，但现在改变还不晚。)”可知，我们制造了太多的塑料垃圾，结果将会是灾难性的，但改变为时未晚。由此推知，我们应该提高环保意识，为改变环境做点事情，所以B项，Once yu’ve seen the film,yu’ll realize it is time t d ur part.(一旦你看过这部电影，你就会意识到是时候尽我们的一份力了。)切题。故选B。
Passage 6
(2024·山东济南·一模)A new reprt says plastics are respnsible fr $13 billin in damage t the ceans and the undersea envirnment. The findings were annunced recently at a United Natins cnference. 1
Plastic thrwn away carelessly makes its way int rivers and ther waterways. 2 After a while, it cllects in the sea. And plastic never ges away. Plastic is nt bidegradable — destryed by bacteria r natural prcesses. Instead, it just breaks up int smaller pieces ver time. The ceans cntain a lt f chemicals and ther pllutants. 3 That means harmful material may get int ur fd supply.
4 Human beings cause pllutin and they can take steps t stp it. They can use fewer single use prduct cntainers and thrw plastics away crrectly. Plastic recycling prgrams als wrks — where ld bttles and ther plastics are cllected, brken dwn and used t make new prducts. We culd reuse bttles in ur husehlds many times if we wish t, rather than end it after the first use. We culd, when we get rid f that plastic, recycle it and reuse it, which replaces the need fr raw materials.
The reprt als calls n panies t imprve methds fr using plastics. 5 And it calls fr infrmatin abut the way plastic is thrwn ut r remved frm use. By putting a new value n plastic, industry has a special reasn t clean up the envirnment. But all f the cmpanies must jin t deal with the prblem.
A. The plastic eventually reaches castal areas and cean waters.
B. But peple can make a big difference.
C. Plastics shuld be gathered tgether and reused.
D. Then, fish may eat the plastics.
E. It is cnvenient t use plastic bags in everyday life.
F. It asks fr them t better measure and direct plastic use.
G. The reprt tells abut harm t sea life and what might be dne t imprve the situatin.
【答案】1. G 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文叙述了塑料是如何进入海洋并危害海洋生物和人类的，呼吁人们和公司采取措施来保护我们的环境。
1. 由上文“A new reprt says plastics are respnsible fr $13 billin in damage t the ceans and the undersea envirnment. The findings were annunced recently at a United Natins cnference. (一份新报告称，塑料对海洋和海底环境造成了130亿美元的损害。这些发现最近在联合国的一次会议上公布)”可知，空格处应继续讲报告的内容，G选项“The reprt tells abut harm t sea life and what might be dne t imprve the situatin.(报告讲述了塑料对海洋生物的危害以及可能采取的措施来改善这种状况)”承接上文，进一步阐释该报告的内容，因此符合语境，故选G。
2. 空格前说“Plastic thrwn away carelessly makes its way int rivers and ther waterways.(随意丢弃的塑料会进入河流和其他水道)”，空格处应继续讲到塑料的去处，A选项“The plastic eventually reaches castal areas and cean waters.(塑料最终到达沿海地区和海水)”说明了塑料的最终去处，因此A选项承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
3. 由上文“The ceans cntain a lt f chemicals and ther pllutants. (海洋中含有许多化学物质和其他污染物)”和下文“That means harmful materials may get int ur fd supply. (这意味着有害物质可能进入我们的食物供应)”可知，该空叙述海洋污染和人类食物污染之间的关系，即我们的食物来源鱼类有可能吃到塑料，承接下文，D选项“Then, fish may eat the plastics.(然后，鱼可能会吃掉塑料)”说明了鱼也吃塑料，承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
4. 由下文“Human beings cause pllutin and they can take steps t stp it. They can use fewer single use prduct cntainers and thrw plastics away crrectly. Plastic recycling prgrams als wrks — where ld bttles and ther plastics are cllected, brken dwn and used t make new prducts.(人类造成了污染，他们可以采取措施阻止污染。他们可以使用更少的一次性产品容器，并正确地丢弃塑料。塑料回收项目也起作用——旧瓶子和其他塑料被收集、分解并用来制造新产品)”可知，B选项“But peple can make a big difference.(但是人们可以做出很大的改变)”总领该段并与上文形成转折，承接下文讲人类应该如何做才能减少塑料对海洋及海洋环境的污染，因此符合语境，故选B。
5. 由上文“The reprt als calls n cmpanies t imprve methds fr using plastics. (报告还呼吁企业改进塑料的使用方法)”和下文“And it calls fr infrmatin abut the way plastic is thrwn ut r remved frm use. By putting a new value n plastic, industry has a special reasn t clean up the envirnment. But all f the cmpanies must jin t deal with the prblem. (它还呼吁人们了解塑料被扔出或停止使用的方式。通过赋予塑料新的价值，工业有一个特殊的理由来清洁环境。但所有的公司都必须加入进来解决这个问题)”可知，本段重在阐释该报告对各个公司在合理使用塑料方面的要求，F选项“It asks fr them t better measure and direct plastic use.(它要求他们更好地测量和指导塑料的使用)”中的“It”和“them”分别指代上文的“The reprt”和“cmpanies”，阐述了该报告对各个公司在合理使用塑料方面的要求，因此符合语境，故选F。
03 人与社会—文化
Passage 1
(2024·江苏南京·二模)Once a year in a small muntain village, the Mande peple gather t hear the flk stries f their traditins. The man playing an instrument called Sss-Bala while singing is the stryteller. He hlds all the flk knwledge f the Mande peple.
Mst f us dn’t have a musical instrument that ties us tgether, but we have smene in ur lives wh’s the keeper f ur flk knwledge. Often it’s a grandmther, wh keeps all ur stries f wisdm ready t tell upn request. 1 . What’s the best way t get a baby t sleep? Where d I cme frm? What’s my mral cmpass? The stries prvide an answer, and it’s useful t speak with smene wh knws hw things are dne.
2 Researchers have dcumented flk knwledge in ther species whales returning t parts f the sea that they’d abandned a generatin befre; mnkeys that cmmunicate hunting skills t their ffspring (后代). Flk knwledge is nt nly culture, it’s als survival. 3
Traditinally, we share it in small units—families sharing arund a dinner table. 4 Lk at any scial median, and yu’ll see flk knwledge at wrk and at play. It’s explded as we’re trained t lk fr infrmatin nline, rather than frm within. In this case, chances are that ur questins can be answered with misinfrmatin.
But we dn’t gather nce a year t reality check ur “flk stries” as the Mande peple d; nr d we center ur flk traditins arund a musical instrument. The internet has n reality except its wn and, left unchecked, its wisdm has n rhythm(节奏). 5
A. It’s just chas.
B. This is why we d it.
C. Human wisdm has been passed dwn thrugh generatins.
D. The stries can be useful fr dealing with all srts f dubts.
E. Nwadays, flk knwledge has expanded t digital netwrks.
F. Nw the internet has made valuable flk wisdm at yur fingertips.
G. Recently, we discvered that this very human practice isn’t limited t humans.
【答案】1. D 2. G 3. B 4. E 5. A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过曼德人的事例，谈论了文化知识的传承。
1. 上文“Often it’s a grandmther, wh keeps all ur stries f wisdm ready t tell upn request. (通常是一位祖母，她把我们所有的智慧故事都准备好，随时准备在需要时讲出来。)”说明一个祖母会给孩子们讲智慧故事，选项D“这些故事可以用来解决各种各样的疑问。”承接上文，说明这些故事的作用。故选D项。
2. 下文“Researchers have dcumented flk knwledge in ther species whales returning t parts f the sea that they’d abandned a generatin befre; mnkeys that cmmunicate hunting skills t their ffspring (后代). (研究人员记录了其他物种，如：鲸鱼返回前一代人遗弃的海域的种族知识；将狩猎技能传达给后代的猴子。)”说明其他物种也具备把知识技能传给下一代的行为，选项G“最近，我们发现这种人类特有的行为并不局限于人类。”承接上一段，引出下文，说明这种行为不局限于人类，也在其他物种有体现。故选G项。
3. 上文“Flk knwledge is nt nly culture, it’s als survival.(民间知识不仅是一种文化，也是一种生存。)”说明知识传承是非常重要的，选项B“这就是我们这么做的原因。”总结上文，说明这就是我们要传承的原因。故选B项。
4. 上文“Traditinally, we share it in small units—families sharing arund a dinner table.(传统上，我们以小单位分享——一家人围坐在餐桌旁分享。)”介绍了传统上知识传播分享形式，选项E“如今，民间知识已经扩展到数字网络。”承接上文，介绍现在知识传承的新形式。故选E项。
5. 上文“The internet has n reality except its wn and, left unchecked, its wisdm has n rhythm(节奏). (如果不加以控制，它的智慧就没有节奏。)”说明如果互联网不加以控制，它的智慧就没有节奏，选项A“就是一片混乱。”承接上文，和上文之间存在因果关系，是对“没有节奏”的进一步阐明。故选A项。
Passage 2
(2024湖南长沙高三下·阶段练习)In the eras befre air-cnditining, suthern China’s skywells played a key rle in keeping peple’s hmes cl. Culd they d it again tday?
Ru Ling lves spending time in skywells. T her, these curtyards f ld Chinese huses are the perfect place t be n a ht and humid day. “ 1 ” says Ru.
Frm 2014 t 2021, Ru lived in a century-ld hme in the village f Guanlu in eastern China’s Anhui Prvince. She mved there fr a change f life after living and wrking in air-cnditined buildings fr many years. Ru says that the huse’s skywell helped t create this cling effect. 2 Studies have fund that the temperatures inside sme f the skywells in suthern China are significantly lwer than the utside.
In tday’s China, fewer and fewer peple live in huses with skywells. 3 But a revival f interest in traditinal Chinese architecture is leading sme histric buildings with skywells t be restred fr mdern times. 4
A skywell is a typical feature f a traditinal hme in suthern and eastern China. Different frm a nrthern Chinese curtyard, a skywell is smaller and less expsed t the utdr envirnment. 5 It is either surrunded by rms n fur sides r three sides plus a wall. Sme large huses have mre than ne skywell.
A. Skywells can help keep the huses cl.
B. Air-cnditined flats are the main frm f hmes.
C. Meanwhile, sme architects are drawing inspiratin frm skywells and ther traditinal Chinese architectural features t help keep new buildings cler.
D. Althugh a skywell’s size and design vary frm regin t regin, it is almst always lcated in the cre f a huse.
E. While skywells are cmmn in many regins, nly the rich can affrd t build huses with them.
F. And she’s nt alne in praising the benefits f skywells, in ht weather.
G. They are airy, cl, and well-shaded.
【答案】1. G 2. F 3. B 4. C 5. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代住宅中的天井，它让住宅在炎热的夏季保持凉爽，给予了现代建筑设计一定的启发，虽然它的大小和设计因地区而异，但它几乎总是位于房屋的核心。
1. 前文“Ru Ling lves spending time in skywells. T her, these curtyards f ld Chinese huses are the perfect place t be n a ht and humid day. (茹玲喜欢待在天井里。对她来说，这些中国老房子的庭院是炎热潮湿的日子里的完美去处)”介绍了茹玲对于天井的喜爱，因此G项“They are airy, cl, and well-shaded. (它们通风、凉爽、阴凉)”符合语境，说明天井在炎热潮湿的日子里起到良好的效果，解释了前文她喜欢待在天井里的原因，其中的“airy, cl, and well-shaded”和前文的“n a ht and humid day”相对。故选G。
2. 前文“Ru says that the huse’s skywell helped t create this cling effect. (茹说，房子的天井有助于产生这种冷却效果)”描述茹玲对天井的称赞，后文“Studies have fund that the temperatures inside sme f the skywells in suthern China are significantly lwer than the utside. (研究发现，中国南方一些天井的内部温度明显低于外部温度)”说明天井的降温效果是被研究证实了的，因此F项“And she’s nt alne in praising the benefits f skywells, in ht weather. (在炎热的天气里，她并不是唯一一个称赞天井好处的人)”符合语境，指出很多人都称赞天井，承接前文，后文的研究发现是对天井好处的支撑，其中的“she”指代前文的“Ru”。故选F。
3. 前文“In tday’s China, fewer and fewer peple live in huses with skywells. (在今天的中国，越来越少的人住在有天井的房子里)”介绍今天中国人对居住空间的选择，因此B项“Air-cnditined flats are the main frm f hmes. (有空调的公寓是住宅的主要形式)”符合语境，指出更多人选择有空调的公寓，承接前文。故选B。
4. 前文“But a revival f interest in traditinal Chinese architecture is leading sme histric buildings with skywells t be restred fr mdern times. (但随着人们对中国传统建筑兴趣的复兴，一些带有天井的历史建筑被修复为现代建筑)”说明有些带有天井的历史建筑得以被修复，表明天井的价值得到认可，因此C项“Meanwhile, sme architects are drawing inspiratin frm skywells and ther traditinal Chinese architectural features t help keep new buildings cler. (与此同时，一些建筑师正在从天井和其他中国传统建筑特征中汲取灵感，以帮助新建筑保持凉爽)”符合语境，说明天井还为帮助新建筑保持凉爽提供了灵感，和前文是并列关系。故选C。
5. 前文“Different frm a nrthern Chinese curtyard, a skywell is smaller and less expsed t the utdr envirnment. (与中国北方的庭院不同，天井更小，更少暴露在室外环境中)”介绍天井与北方庭院的不同之处，后文“It is either surrunded by rms n fur sides r three sides plus a wall. (它不是四面被房间包围，就是被三面加一堵墙包围)”介绍天井通常的布局情况，因此D项“Althugh a skywell’s size and design vary frm regin t regin, it is almst always lcated in the cre f a huse. (虽然天井的大小和设计因地区而异，但它几乎总是位于房屋的核心)”符合语境，指出天井虽有大小和设计上的不同，但位置大致相似，承接前文的不同之处，引出后文的布局情况。故选D。
Passage 3
(2024江苏泰州高三上·阶段练习)Prfessr Zhu Yunxia, an award-winning researcher and educatr at the University f Queensland and has an internatinal reputatin in crss-cultural management and strategy, believes that anyne can learn t vercme cultural barriers with the right apprach. She ffers the fllwing suggestins.
Be prepared fr surprises.
One cuntry might cntain different cultures—China, fr example, is cmpsed f 56 ethnic grups—and within these, peple may act in different ways in different cntexts and with different grups f peple. 1
2
While speaking the language is nt necessary t understand the culture, it is imprtant t knw basic greetings and curtesies(客气话) fr scial interactin such as “hell” and “thank yu”. These everyday phrases and rituals(礼节) are entry pints which allw yu t access the culture. Peple will als appreciate that yu have made the effrt.
Learn t “make strange”.
In day-t-day life, we tend t take many f ur wn custms and behavirs fr granted withut recgnizing that these might appear dd frm thers’ pint f view. 3
Use a “cultural bridge”.
The custms f anther culture can be t strange r t freign t understand. 4 “Cultural bridges” are peple whse knwledge enriches ur wn and wh can help us understand what’s ging n. Having arrived as a Chinese student, Dr. Zhu has spent ver 20 years in Australia but still smetimes seeks a secnd pinin frm her daughter wh was brught up here and ccasinally calls up ld friends fr advice in China.
Dn’t fcus n yurself.
5 Instead f giving in t thughts such as “I’m a stranger in a freign land” r “Nbdy talks t me”, try t frget yurself and fcus n thers. By taking a mre psitive apprach, yu can even find ways t use cultural differences t yur advantage.
A. Learn the“cultural grammar”.
B. Cnsequently, wait fr the unexpected.
C. Develp and expand cperative awareness.
D. Smetimes an “insider” can help us t bridge the gap.
E. Be pen-minded and always try t aim fr a win-win situatin.
F. Being t self-cnscius can harm yur ability t interact and learn.
G. Learn t lk at situatins with fresh eyes, starting with ur wn culture.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. G 4. D 5. F
【导语】本文是说明文。文章阐述了朱云霞教授提出克服文化障碍的正确方式。
1. 根据标题Be prepared fr surprises.可知，本段讲述文化障碍中的惊奇，上文“One cuntry might cntain different cultures—China, fr example, is cmpsed f 56 ethnic grups—and within these, peple may act in different ways in different cntexts and with different grups f peple.( 一个国家可能包含不同的文化——例如，中国是由56个民族组成的——在这些民族中，人们在不同的背景下和不同的人群中可能会有不同的行为方式。)”说明不同的文化背景下人们的行为方式会不同，因此会产生很多意料之外的事情，因此推断B项“因此，等待意想不到的事情。”符合语境，呼应主题，与前文是因果关系，故选B。
2. 空处是段落小标题，根据下文“While speaking the language is nt necessary t understand the culture, it is imprtant t knw basic greetings and curtesies (客气话) fr scial interactin such as “hell” and “thank yu”. These everyday phrases and rituals (礼节) are entry pints which allw yu t access the culture. Peple will als appreciate that yu have made the effrt.( 虽然说语言不是了解文化的必要条件，但重要的是要知道基本的问候和礼仪，如“你好”和“谢谢”的社会交往。这些日常用语和礼节是让你进入文化的切入点。人们也会感激你所做的努力。)”可知，本段建议了解基本的日常用语和礼节，作为你了解这个文化的切入点，因此推断A项“学习“文化语法”。”为段落标题，“cultural grammar”指代上文提到的“basic greetings and curtesies”，故选A。
3. 上文“In day-t-day life, we tend t take many f ur wn custms and behavirs fr granted withut recgnizing that these might appear dd frm thers’ pint f view.(在日常生活中，我们倾向于把自己的许多习俗和行为视为理所当然，而没有意识到这些习俗和行为在别人看来可能会很奇怪。)”说明，自己认为理所应当的习俗和行为，在别人或许是奇怪的，G项“从我们自己的文化开始，学会用全新的眼光看待问题。”符合语境，说明我们应该学会用全新的眼光看待问题，接受那些看起来奇怪的习俗和行为。故选G。
4. 根据标题Use a “cultural bridge”.( 使用“文化桥梁”。)可知，本段建议使用“文化桥梁”和上文“The custms f anther culture can be t strange r t freign t understand.(另一种文化的习俗可能太奇怪或太陌生而难以理解。)”说明其它文化习俗或许难以理解，下文““Cultural bridges” are peple whse knwledge enriches ur wn and wh can help us understand what’s ging n.(“文化桥梁”是指那些他们的知识丰富我们的知识，可以帮助我们理解正在发生的事情的人们。)”提到了“文化桥梁”是一些知识丰富，可以帮助我们理解正在发生的事情的人，因此推断空处承上启下，D项“有时，“内部人士”可以帮助我们弥合差距。”，承接上文给出解决办法，insider指代下文的“Cultural bridges”，故选D。
5. 根据标题“Dn’t fcus n yurself.( 不要只关注自己。)”可知，本段建议不要只关注自己，下文“Instead f giving in t thughts such as “I’m a stranger in a freign land” r “Nbdy talks t me”, try t frget yurself and fcus n thers. By taking a mre psitive apprach, yu can even find ways t use cultural differences t yur advantage.(不要屈服于这样的想法：“我是一个在异国他乡的陌生人”或“没有人和我说话”，试着忘记自己，关注他人。通过采取更积极的方法，你甚至可以找到利用文化差异的方法。)”阐述了不要关注自己，要关注他人的办法，E项“过于自我意识会损害你的互动和学习能力。”符合段落主题，不要过多关注自己，故选F。
Passage 4
(2024广东湛江高三上·开学考试)When Chinese peple think f wushu, what ften cmes t mind is wuxia nvels, a kind f histrical nvel that invlves wushu warrirs. 1 . Fr example, the characters may have superhuman strength r the ability t fly. They may als be able t fcus their inner spiritual strength and send it thrugh the air, kncking peple ver r breaking dwn walls.
2 . Hwever, by far the mst ppular authr in this genre(文体) was Zha Liangyng(1924-2018) wh used the pen name Jin Yng and sld ver 300 millin bks wrldwide. His nvels have als been translated int many languages and sme have been made int mvies and TV series.
3 , and then he ges ff t learn wushu. After becming a wushu master, the her begins travelling the jianghu, fighting evil wherever it may be fund. Eventually, the main character prves t be an example f justice, kindness, curage, lyalty, truth, and hnesty. 4 , which refers t a persn wh hlds back the strng and helps the weak. Thrugh hardship, self-discipline and a well-knwn teacher, ne can be a wushu master. Hwever, he cming a wuxia her, ne shuld always bear xia in mind. A wuxia her always puts friends, his peple, and his cuntry first. 5 . Thrugh superir martial arts skills pus fiends, qualities he and his fellws save the day.
A. Wuxia stries mst ften take place in the jianghu
B. Central t the idea f the wuxia her is the cncept f xia
C. Mst ften, there are sme fantastic elements t these nvels
D. Wuxia has a lng literary histry dating back as far as Sima Qian
E. As a master stryteller, he wve fact and fictin in a fantastic way
F. And he is willing t battle t help thse in need and make a better sciety
G. Typically, wuxia stries begin with a her wh experiences persnal truble
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. G 4. B 5. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了武侠小说的要素、代表作家、历史渊源、故事模式以及其核心“狭义”。
1. 上文“When Chinese peple think f wushu, what ften cmes t mind is wuxia nvels, a kind f histrical nvel that invlves wushu warrirs.(提到武术，中国人通常会想到武侠小说，这是一种涉及武侠的历史小说。)”谈到武术与武侠小说的联系，选项C“大多数情况下，这些小说都有一些奇妙的元素”承接上文，解释武侠小说的特点，有些奇妙元素，引出下文“Fr example, the characters may have superhuman strength r the ability t fly.(例如，小说人物可能拥有超人的力量或飞行能力。)”举例说明武侠小说中人物的奇妙之处。故选C项。
2. 下文“Hwever, by far the mst ppular authr in this genre(文体) was Zha Liangyng(1924-2018) wh used the pen name Jin Yng and sld ver 300 millin bks wrldwide.(然而，到目前为止，这一类型中最受欢迎的作家是查良镛(1924-2018)，他的笔名是金庸，全球销量超过3亿本。)”转折语义，谈论目前最受欢迎的武侠小说，选项D“武侠有着悠久的文学史，可以追溯到司马迁时代”引领下文，谈论武侠文学的历史渊源，和下文之间存在转折关系。故选D项。
3. 下文“and then he ges ff t learn wushu(然后他去学武术)”说明这个人物去学武术，选项G“一般来说，武侠故事都是从主人公经历个人麻烦开始的”引领下文，和下文存在因果关系。故选G项。
4. 下文“which refers t a persn wh hlds back the strng and helps the weak(指的是锄强扶弱的人)”解释了“侠”是什么样的人，选项B“武侠英雄思想的核心是‘侠’的概念”引领下文，提出“侠”的概念。故选B项。
5. 上文“A wuxia her always puts friends, his peple, and his cuntry first.(武侠英雄总是把朋友、人民和国家放在第一位。)”说明武侠英雄的高尚思想，选项F“他愿意为帮助那些需要帮助的人而奋斗，创造一个更好的社会”承接上文，进一步介绍武侠英雄的正义行动。故选F项。