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专题8 2024届高考英语读后续写：使用语气 学案（有答案）
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这是一份专题8 2024届高考英语读后续写：使用语气 学案（有答案），共18页。
类具有现实思维和虚拟思维的认知能力，这些认知能力通过语言表达式反映出来，而时和体是反映思维的语言形式之一。换言之，时和体的多义性是表达现实思维和虚拟思维的需要，而思维在现实和虚拟之间的转换又是凸显不同主观性的需要。例如，叙事作品中用现在时描述假想的、虚幻的事件，思维发生在想象的空间，与思维时间发生分离，动词失去时态功能，即任何读者在任意时间阅读，阅读时间和作品中的事件时间没有任何关系。这里现在时的虚拟性优势在于，可以使任何读者在任意时间阅读时都可以产生“身临其境”的效果。
虚拟语气是英语中常用的表达方式，以其表达的委婉性和语用功能的丰富性在交际活动中发挥了非常重要的作用。恰当地使用它，可以起到较好的修辞效果。无论语法著作还是英语教学都应将其语用功能放在重要的位置，英语学习者在学习时也必须重视其语用功能的学习和掌握。现代社会人们追求自我，越来越重视个人隐私和权利，也会尊重别人的隐私和权利。虚拟语气是通过语法手段来表达出对别人的尊敬或尽量使自己的语气委婉、客气的效果。人们使用虚拟语气，多数情况是因为表达者的语用目的，而不是简单表达一个相反的事实。说话者一般都是借助这个“虚拟情况”委婉表达一个言外之意，达到一个特定的交流目的，在很大程度上避免出现尴尬处境。例如：
If I had enugh mney, I wuld help yu. (如果我有足够的钱，我就会帮助你。)
这句话的真正含义是 I will nt help yu. 通过使用 If 条件句，help的行为便成了一种假设的虚拟行为。听话者从该条件可以自己推断出这样的结论：我可能不帮你。说话者采取的这种积极态度，尽管隐含了一种拒绝帮助的意义，但听话者在心理上更容易接受。由此我们可以看出，虚拟语气能够表达其他任何语气所无法取代的丰富的感情色彩。在英语教学中，教师不能只给学生讲解和罗列哪些句型需要使用虚拟语气，而应该结合不同的语法表达形式分析其语用特点。特别是在阅读与写作中，英语学习者在学习过程中除了要很好地理解和掌握他的语法形式以外，更要了解它丰富灵活的语用功能。只有这样，才能体会虚拟语气所隐含的感情，也才能使用虚拟语气表达自己丰富多彩的内心世界。
虚拟语气的形式多种多样，在写作特别是读后续写所提供的语境中，虚拟语气能够表达其他任何语气所无法取代的丰富的感情色彩，学生可以根据人物不同的心理需求，在不同的语境中恰当地运用虚拟语气可以更好地表达出不同的感情色彩，发挥其缩小心理文化差异的语用功能。心理文化差异的大小直接决定交流双方对语言的理解意愿和交流方式，学习虚拟语气不仅要掌握其基本的语法形式，还要理解其强大的语用功能。因此，在读后续写学习中，学生要注意分析、体会虚拟语气所隐含的情感内容，才能巧妙地运用虚拟语气表达故事中人物丰富多彩的内心世界，从而能够较好地缩小交际双方的心理文化差异，推动作者、语篇与学生等互动交际活动得以有效开展。
在读后续写的心理描写中，恰当运用虚拟语气，可以委婉地表达主人公的某种情感，使人物形象更生动，增强文章 的可读性 。
（一）“if sb..., sb... ”表达纠结的心情
例如：2021 河北张家口第一次质检题
If I shuldn’t g back n time, the king wuld kill my friend. If I hadn’t fallen frm the hrse and gt hurt, I wuld have gt t the destinatin n time. 要是我不准时回去，国王会杀了我的朋 友 。如果我没有从马上摔下来并受了伤，我也早就按时到达 目 的地了 。
【分析】主人公向国王承诺准时回去，若违背诺言，国 王 会杀死主人公的朋友 。但因为主人公从马上摔下来，受伤了，这一路就耽搁了时间。这时就需要虚拟语气来做出非真实的 假设了，表达了主人公矛盾的情感纠结。以上两个虚拟条件句，前者表示与将来情况相反的假设，后者表示与过去情况相反的假设 。
（二）“ Withut/But fr...”表示感激之情
例如：2021 广州七校联考题
Withut /But fr mm’s encuragement, I wuldn’t have be- cme a successful narratr in the cmpetitin. 如果没有妈妈的鼓励，在比赛中我不可能成为一个成功的讲解员 。
【分析】经过学校的故事大赛，我意识到什么角色都有其优点和重要性。后来，我一直继续做好讲解员的角色，层层突破，在地区小有名气。这时用虚拟语气来表达对妈妈的感 激之情 。
（三）“ If nly...”表示强列的愿望
例如：2021 届浙江慈溪中学模拟题
If nly I had been the 3rd runner wh had gt t the finish line.要是我是第3位到达终点线的跑步者该多好啊！
【分析】我摔倒后继续往前跑，到达终点线，发现自己与第三名擦肩而过，不能获得我心仪的奖品。这时用虚拟语气 来表达与过去事实相反的情况，强调愿望 。
（四）固定句型表示后悔或遗憾
1. 可用 Hw sb wished that ... had (nt) dne sth
例如：2021 山东泰安期中试题
Hw Timmy wished that he hadn’t been s rude t his cach. Timmy 多么希望之前没有那么粗鲁的对待教练啊！
【分析】Timmy 一直是球队的主力，不愿把球传给别人。 他不仅不听教练的劝导，而且由于态度恶劣， 被取消参加区里比赛的资格。他同妈妈交流后，意识到以前自己的错误。 这时就需要虚拟语气来表达他后悔的情感 。
2. 可用 sb.+谓语, wishing that...
例如：2021 广州七校联考题
I was rted n the grund due t being frightened, wishing that I had refused my mther’s advice yesterday. 我由于恐惧愣在那里，真希望我昨天拒绝妈妈的建议 。
【分析】我一直不接受 自 己做故事的讲解员这个角色，但在妈妈的劝导下，我还是参加了学校的故事大赛。中途出现了情感的纠结，后悔参加了比赛。这时需要用虚拟语气来表 达后悔。
（五）“as if...”表达形象生动
例如： 2020 年浙江模拟题
The glasses drpped int the river, as if the water had swallwed them. 眼镜掉到河里，好像水已经吞噬了它 。
【分析】主人公兄弟俩跟爸爸在深林里的一条河边走着，突然爸爸摔了一跤，眼镜掉到河里，兄弟俩赶紧去找， 但由于河水汹涌，找不到 。这时就需要用虚拟语气来描述河中水流的凶猛 。此句型也是比喻的写作手法 。
1．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was a dark night in Texas when Luke Armstrng drve int twn. He had a lt f things n his mind, and he was driving slwly, thinking f slutins t his prblems. He had a sick daughter named Anne, and he was wrried she wuld give in t her illness befre he culd gather enugh mney t pay fr the surgery (外科手术).
Suddenly, he nticed a flashy sprts car parked by the side f the rad. It lked like it had a brken tire, but Luke culdn’t be t sure. He passed it withut giving it a secnd thught and cntinued dwn the rad.
He was s lst in thught that he almst missed the prne (俯卧的) figure f a human lying just by the side f the rad. “What is it?” he said t himself and his truck stpped beside the figure.
It was a wman, and she was weak. Luke immediately knew he had t help her as sn as pssible. He nticed her expensive utfit as he lifted her. “Perhaps she wns the fancy car I saw a few minutes ag,” Luke said t himself as he mved her t his truck and turned n the heater.
He nticed that she seemed t be having truble breathing, s he called 911 and reprted his exact lcatin as well as the predicament (困境) he fund the wman in.
Sn the ambulance came, and the wman was carried away.
After checking n his daughter the next day, Luke decided t see hw the wman he rescued was feeling. He had been tld she was getting treated in the same hspital. It turned ut that she was n lnger in danger. She was very grateful fr his kindness. After learning abut his daughter, she expressed great sympathy (同情).
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A week passed with Luke trying his best t wrk smething ut fr his child.
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Wh might be kind enugh t pay fr the surgery?
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2．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the 9th f January, a day I will remember fr a lng time. It was a nrmal Sunday mrning arund 8:30 am, right n time fr Sammy’s mrning walk. I didn’t walk because f my lameness, s I rde in my pwer wheelchair. We gt ut the dr and made ur way tward a prperty near my apartment cmplex. We gt t the gate and ut f the cmplex, and we went left nt the extra wide sidewalk. It was abut a mile’s walk ne way , passing a firehuse n the right side f the rad, befre we turned arund and started back.
Alng the path we tk was a large plate ver the sidewalk. I passed ver it the first time withut any prblems. My wheelchair culd reach up t 8 miles per hur, but we went a little slwer n ur walks, arund 2 miles per hur, s Sammy culd keep up. Even s, this speed was pretty fast fr a 15-year-ld dg.
As we turned arund and made ur way back, I went ver the sidewalk plate again except that this time it was mved withut me realizing it, putting my wheelchair in the grass n the embankment (路堤). The next thing I knew, my wheelchair started t tip ver, thrwing me ut f the chair and rlling dwn the embankment int the muddy water belw.
My right leg was hurt, and I was unable t pull myself upright. I was t weak t gather my strength t call fr help. The muddy water was cld and I felt it hard t breathe with my bdy flded and twisted in a strange psitin. Meanwhile, Sammy was sitting up n the sidewalk with his leash (牵狗皮带) caught under the tipped ver wheelchair. I heard him barking luder than ever heard. He knew I was hurt and was in danger.
By the way my wheelchair tipped ver, a passerby n the street wuld nt be able t see it frm the rad. All anyne culd see was a dg barking n the sidewalk almst night acrss the street frm the firehuse.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I culd tell Sammy was trying t help me.
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Three firemen came t my dg’s aid finally.
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3．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As we pulled ut f the garage, my mind went blank when I saw the gun pinting against the car windw. This can’t be happening t me. Then I felt the gun, cld, against my head, and I heard my friend Jeremy saying, “What d yu want? Take my wallet.” but at the time I thught f nthing.
I remember being a little annyed when the gunman pulled me frm the car by the hair. I remember the walk t the huse --- Jeremy, me, the tw men with tw guns. I remember the fear and anger in the gunmen’s vices because Jeremy was being slw, and I remember wndering why he was being slw. I did nt realize that Jeremy had thrwn the keys int the bush. But I remember that sund f the gun hitting Jeremy’s head and the feeling as the man wh had hld f my hair released me. And I remember the split secnd when I realized he was lking at Jeremy, and I remember wndering hw far I culd run befre he pulled the trigger. But I was already running, and upn reaching the car acrss the street, I didn’t cruch(蹲伏) behind it but screamed instead.
I remember thinking there was smething ridiculus and illgical abut screaming “Help! Help!” at eight ’clck n a Tuesday evening in December and changing my plea(恳求) t the mre specific “Help! Let me in. Please let me in!” But the huses were cld, clsed, unfriendly, and I ran n until I heard Jeremy’s screams behind me annuncing that ur attackers had run away.
The neighbrs wh had nt pened their drs t us came ut with baseball bats and helped Jeremy find his glasses and keys. In a grup they were very brave. We waited fr the plice t cme until smene said t smene else that the ndles were getting cld, and I said plitely, “Please g and eat. We’re OK.”
I was happy t see them g. They had been talking f stricter sentences fr criminals, f bringing back the death penalty(处罚) and hw the President is ging t clean up the cuntry. I was thinking they culd be saying all f this ver my dead bdy, and I still feel that stiffer sentences wuldn’t change a thing. In a rush all the anger I shuld have felt fr my attackers was directed against these cntented peple standing in frnt f their warm, cmfrtable hmes talking abut all the guns they were ging t buy. What gd wuld guns have been t Jeremy and me?
Peple all ver the neighbrhd had called t reprt ur screams, and the plice turned ut in frce twenty minutes later. They were ill-tempered abut what was, t them, much truble abut nthing. After all, Jeremy was hardly hurt, and we were hpeless when it came t describing the gunmen. “Typical,” said ne pliceman when we culdn’t even agree n hw tall the men were. Bth f us were able t describe the guns in hrrifying detail, but the tw plicemen wh stayed t make the reprt didn’t think that wuld be f much help.
The plicemen were matter-f-fact abut the whle thing. The thin ne said, “That was a stupid thing t d, thrwing away the keys. When a man has a gun against yur head, yu d what yu’re tld.” Jeremy lked prperly embarrassed.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then the fat pliceman came up and the thin ne went t lk arund the utside f the huse.
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All that sleepless night I replayed the mment thse black glves came up t the car windw.
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4．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I walked alng the sidewalk in frnt f Surplus Unlimited, a car that was abut t change my life had just turned nt Rute 82 frm the CVS parking lt. I lked up and nticed the elderly cuple in the car heading tward me. As the car rlled past, the driver suddenly cllapsed against the steering wheel (方向盘) right in frnt f my eyes. His wife stared blankly ut f the passenger side windw. She was unaware that her car was nw rlling—withut a cnscius driver—dwn the center f a busy rad.
I began t jg alngside the mving car. My mind assessed the situatin. Smebdy needed t stp that car!
I reached frward, but there was nthing t grab. I punded n her windw. She lked cnfused. “Rll dwn the windw!” I yelled, gesturing wildly. With the windw dwn, I was able t grab the drframe. I pulled hard against the frce f the mving vehicle. On the far side f the car, the traffic streamed by in the ppsite directin. Cars passed ne after anther. Nbdy slwed dwn. Nbdy seemed t ntice.
Thankfully, the driver’s ft must have slipped ff the gas pedal (踏板) when he lst cnsciusness. I kept pulling, and the car began t slw.
Just then, a wman appeared frm behind me. She ran alngside the driver side dr. She pened the dr and as the car was slwing, she managed t shift it ut f “Drive”. A jyful “We did it!” feeling swept ver me.
But the car was nw stpped in the center lane (车道) with traffic still mving in bth directins arund us and we need t help this man. Quickly! The wman called 911 while I checked his vital signs. He was nt breathing. He had n pulse. He had abut five minutes until he was dead. CPR was needed in t time.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Thughts started running thrugh my mind.
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In an instant, the man frm the black SUV was standing beside me and said, “I am a dctr.”
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5．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事，
Once, when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line t buy tickets fr the circus(马戏团). Finally, there was nly ne family between us and the ticket cunter.
This family made a big impressin n me. There were eight children, all prbably under the age f 12. Yu culd tell they didn’t have a lt f mney. Their clthes were nt expensive, but they were clean. The children were well-behaved, all f them standing in line, tw-by-tw behind their parents, hlding hands. They were excitedly jabbering abut the clwns, elephants, and ther acts they wuld see that night.
One culd sense they had never been t the circus befre. It prmised t be a highlight f their
yung lives. The father and mther were at the head f the pack, standing prud as culd be. The mther was hlding her husband’s hand, lking up at him as if t say, ”Yu’re my knight(骑士) in shining armr(盔甲).” He was smiling, lking back at her as if t reply, “Yu gt that right.”
The ticket lady asked the father hw many tickets he wanted. He prudly respnded. “Please let me buy eight children’s tickets and tw adult tickets s I can take my family t the circus.” The ticket lady quted the price. The man’s wife let g f his hand, her head drpped, and his lip began t shake. The father leaned a little clser and asked, “Hw much did yu say?” The ticket lady again quted the price. The man didn’t have enugh mney.
Hw was he suppsed t turn and tell his eight children that he didn’t have enugh mney t take them t the circus? Actually we were nt wealthy in any sense. S I understand hw the kids wuld feel. I feel srry fr them.
注意：
1. 所续写的短文词数应为80词左右;
2. 段落开头句已经为你写好，不计入总词数。
Seeing what was ging n, my dad put his hand in his pcket, pulled ut a $20 bill and drpped it n the grund.
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参考答案
1．【参考范文】
A week passed with Luke trying his best t wrk smething ut fr his child. He had taken n a part-time jb in hpes that things wuld help ut, but he knew it wuld be several mnths befre his savings culd cver the surgery. He was trying t find mre slutins when he received a call frm an unknwn number. It was the head physician f a very expensive hspital, and he had great news. “I’m calling t arrange a suitable date fr yur daughter’s surgery. Smene has generusly ffered t pay fr its cst,” the man said.
Wh might be kind enugh t pay fr the surgery? Luke thught t himself, wandering utside f the perating rm. Frtunately, the surgery was successful. Luke was very happy but als very cnfused as he did nt knw wh t thank. He asked his friends and relatives if they had dnated the mney, but in vain. When he went t pick up his daughter fr her jurney hme, he caught sight f a beautiful wman smiling gracefully at him, and he gt it in a flash. It was her, the wman he rescued n the highway.(169w)
【写作解析】本文以人物为线索展开，描述了主人公卢克在开车途中，救助了一个倒在路边的女人的故事。
1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“一个星期过去了，卢克尽最大努力为他的孩子想办法。”可知，第一段可描述卢克为自己女儿想办法所作的努力。
有第二段首句内容“谁会这么好心为手术买单呢？”可知，第二段可描述卢克知道有人为女儿付了手术费后的心理想法。
2.续写线索：想办法——赚钱——有人付手术费——动手术——查手术费来源
3.词汇激活
行为类
试图找到解决办法：try t find slutins / attempt t find slutins
接到电话：received a call / get a phne call
支付费用：pay fr the cst / affrd the cst
情绪类
幸运地：frtunately / luckily
困惑的：cnfused / perplexed
【典型句式】
【高分句型1】He had taken n a part-time jb in hpes that things wuld help ut, but he knew it wuld be several mnths befre his savings culd cver the surgery.(运用了that引导的同位语从句、but连接的并列句和befre引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】He asked his friends and relatives if they had dnated the mney, but in vain.(运用了if引导的宾语从句)
2．【参考范文】
I culd tell Sammy was trying t help me . Seeing I culdn’t mve and what a bad situatin I was in, Sammy culd sense I was hurt seriusly and badly in need f help. Sammy culdn’t run t thers fr help because his leash was tied under the wheelchair. What he culd d was t bark t ask fr help. Therefre, he barked vilently, hping t let thers ntice him. Luckily, it wrked. The fireman heard the sund and came ver t help.
Three firemen came t my dg’s aid finally. After untying the dg’s leash, Sammy quickly ran t me t me. Because f Sammy, the fireman nticed me, and they called the emergency. I was taken int hspital immediately. After a week in the hspital, I was gd enugh t leave. I appreciated my dgs t much. It was my dg that saved my life.
【写作解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者坐轮椅和自己的狗出去散步，在回来的途中突发事故，作者的轮椅翻倒并滚下了路堤，掉进了下面的泥水里。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我能看出来萨米是想帮我”可知，第一段可描写萨米想尽办法寻求帮助。
②由第二段首句内容“三个消防员终于来救我的狗了”可知，第二段可描写自己和狗被救的过程。
2.续写线索：狗叫——寻求帮助——被消防人员发现——被救——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①一起走路：walk tgether/accmpany him/keep him cmpany
②寻求帮助：ask fr help /cry fr help
③注意：ntice /spt
情绪类
①感谢：appreciate /shwing his appreciatin/shw his gratitude/be grateful
②担忧： bark vilently/be wrried abut
【典型句式】
[高分句型1]What he culd d was t bark t ask fr help. (运用了由连接词what引导的主语从句)
[高分句型2]Sammy culdn’t run t thers fr help because his leash was tied under the wheelchair.(运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
3.【参考范文】
Then the fat pliceman came up and the thin ne went t lk arund the utside f the huse.“That was the best thing yu culd have dne, thrwing away the keys,” he said. “If yu had gne int the huse with them…” His vice became weaker. “They wuld have hurt her” — he twisted his head tward me —“and killed yu bth.” Jeremy lked happier. “Lk,” said the fat pliceman kindly, “there’s n right r wrng in the situatin. There’s just luck.”
All that sleepless night I replayed the mment thse black glves came up t the car windw. Hw lng did the whle thing last? Three minutes, five, eight? N matter hw many hurs f my life I may spend reliving it, I knw there is n way t prepare fr the next time — n intelligent respnse t a gun. The fat cp was right. There’s nly luck. The next time I might end up dead.And I’m sure there will be a next time. Guns make sme peple feel safe and sme peple feel strng, but they’re fling themselves.
【写作解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记录了作者和Jeremy被持枪罪犯袭击的过程，同时也记录了邻居们和警察在这次袭击后的反应。作者因此感叹安全只是幻觉，不管是铁索还是枪支都不会带来安全。枪支使一些人感觉安全，而且有些人感觉强大，但是他们只是欺骗自己。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后那个胖警察走了过来，那个瘦警察到房子外面四处看了看”可知，第一段可描写警察和他们之间关于这次事件的对话的场景。
②由第二段首句内容“那个不眠之夜，我回想起那双黑手套临近车窗前的那一刻。”可知，第二段可描写作者回忆的一些细节，掺杂着一些感悟。
2.续写线索：警察到现场查案——对话——回忆起被袭击的细节——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①扔掉：thrw away/tss ut
②.进入：g int/cme int /enter
③.伤害：hurt /wund
情绪类
①.看起来更高兴：lked happier/lked mre pleased
②.友善地：kindly/neighbrly
【典型句式】
[高分句型1]. N matter hw many hurs f my life I may spend reliving it, I knw there is n way t prepare fr the next time — n intelligent respnse t a gun.（运用了N matter hw引导的让步状语从句）
[高分句型2].And I’m sure there will be a next time.（运用了宾语从句）
4 【参考范文】
Thughts started running thrugh my mind. I needed t start CPR. But I culdn’t d CPR n a persn wh was sitting in a car. Did I remember hw t d CPR? There was n way fr us tw wmen t lift this guy and carry him thrugh this traffic t the side f the rad. By the time an ambulance arrived, he wuld be dead. Just then, ver my shulder, I nticed a black SUV had pulled up behind us.
In an instant, the man frm the black SUV was standing beside me and said. “I am a dctr” I stepped back. He cnfirmed that the man indeed had n pulse. He quickly carried the uncnscius driver t the sidewalk with the help f the wman. I walked arund t the passenger windw t check n the elderly lady. Her hands were shaking wildly, tears in her eyes. She culd nly manage t whisper, “Will he be OK?” “I hpe s,” I tld her sftly, as the dctr began CPR. And his breath recvered!
【写作解析】本文由人物线索展开，讲述了作者注意到一辆朝他驶来的小汽车，司机已经失去了意识，情况十分危急，后来，他与路人齐心协力把车子停了下来，可是车主没有呼吸脉搏，情况危急之时，一辆黑色越野车停了下来，出来了一位医生，最终救下了这位老人。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“各种想法开始在我脑海里闪过。”可知，接下来要描述作者关于如何救这位司机的各种各样的想法，以及对于下文黑色越野车的提及。
②由第二段首句内容“刹那间，黑色越野车里的人站在我身边说。“我是医生。””可知，接下来可描写这位医生是如何操作，并最终救下这位司机的，以及众人的反应和情绪。
2.续写线索：我脑海中想到各种方法——无力实施救援——注意到了一辆黑色越野车——下来一位医生——司机的老婆焦急的情绪——最终救下了司机。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.举起：lift / raise / hld up
②.退后：step back / keep back/ draw back
③.检查：check / examine/ inspect
情绪类
①.悲伤：tears in her eyes/ sad/ srrwful
②.柔和：sftly/ gently
【典型句式】
[高分句型1]. He cnfirmed that the man indeed had n pulse.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. I walked arund t the passenger windw t check n the elderly lady. （运用了不定式作目的状语）
5．【参考范文】
Seeing what was ging n, my dad put his hand in his pcket, pulled ut a $20 bill and drpped it n the grund. Then he picked it up, tapping the man n the shulder, “Excuse me, sir, this fell ut f yur pcket.” The man turned arund and saw the mney. Knwing what was ging n, he lked straight int my dad’s eyes, tk my dad’s hand and squeezed tightly. With his lip shaking and a tear running dwn his cheek, he replied, “Thank yu, thank yu, sir. This really means a lt t me and my family.” At the same time, his children bwed t us with eyes shining with delight and gratitude. Giving a helping hand t the ne in need was really great, which had a prfund effect n my life frever.
【写作解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和父亲排队买马戏表演的票，看到一个家庭有八个孩子，父母带孩子准备看马戏表演，但是没有带足够的钱买票，作者的父亲看到这种情况，伸出援手帮助了这一家人，他们非常感激父亲，这件事对作者的生活产生了深远的影响。
1.段落续写：
由段首句内容“看到这一切，我爸爸把手伸进口袋，掏出一张20美元的钞票，扔在了地上。”可知，本段可描写作者的父亲帮助了这家人，这家人非常感激父亲，这件事对作者的生活产生了深远的影响。
2.续写线索：作者父亲捡起钱——假装询问——那个父亲了解实情——感激作者父亲——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拿起：pick up/take up
②.转身：turn arund/ turn abut
③.帮助：give a helping hand / give a hand/ d sb a favr
情绪类
①.感激：with gratitude/ shw his gratitude/be grateful
②.显著的，伟大的：great/distinct/utstanding
【典型句式】
[高分句型1]. Knwing what was ging n, he lked straight int my dad’s eyes, tk my dad’s hand and squeezed tightly. （由连接词what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. Giving a helping hand t the ne in need was really great, which had a prfund effect n my life frever.（由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）
类具有现实思维和虚拟思维的认知能力，这些认知能力通过语言表达式反映出来，而时和体是反映思维的语言形式之一。换言之，时和体的多义性是表达现实思维和虚拟思维的需要，而思维在现实和虚拟之间的转换又是凸显不同主观性的需要。例如，叙事作品中用现在时描述假想的、虚幻的事件，思维发生在想象的空间，与思维时间发生分离，动词失去时态功能，即任何读者在任意时间阅读，阅读时间和作品中的事件时间没有任何关系。这里现在时的虚拟性优势在于，可以使任何读者在任意时间阅读时都可以产生“身临其境”的效果。
虚拟语气是英语中常用的表达方式，以其表达的委婉性和语用功能的丰富性在交际活动中发挥了非常重要的作用。恰当地使用它，可以起到较好的修辞效果。无论语法著作还是英语教学都应将其语用功能放在重要的位置，英语学习者在学习时也必须重视其语用功能的学习和掌握。现代社会人们追求自我，越来越重视个人隐私和权利，也会尊重别人的隐私和权利。虚拟语气是通过语法手段来表达出对别人的尊敬或尽量使自己的语气委婉、客气的效果。人们使用虚拟语气，多数情况是因为表达者的语用目的，而不是简单表达一个相反的事实。说话者一般都是借助这个“虚拟情况”委婉表达一个言外之意，达到一个特定的交流目的，在很大程度上避免出现尴尬处境。例如：
If I had enugh mney, I wuld help yu. (如果我有足够的钱，我就会帮助你。)
这句话的真正含义是 I will nt help yu. 通过使用 If 条件句，help的行为便成了一种假设的虚拟行为。听话者从该条件可以自己推断出这样的结论：我可能不帮你。说话者采取的这种积极态度，尽管隐含了一种拒绝帮助的意义，但听话者在心理上更容易接受。由此我们可以看出，虚拟语气能够表达其他任何语气所无法取代的丰富的感情色彩。在英语教学中，教师不能只给学生讲解和罗列哪些句型需要使用虚拟语气，而应该结合不同的语法表达形式分析其语用特点。特别是在阅读与写作中，英语学习者在学习过程中除了要很好地理解和掌握他的语法形式以外，更要了解它丰富灵活的语用功能。只有这样，才能体会虚拟语气所隐含的感情，也才能使用虚拟语气表达自己丰富多彩的内心世界。
虚拟语气的形式多种多样，在写作特别是读后续写所提供的语境中，虚拟语气能够表达其他任何语气所无法取代的丰富的感情色彩，学生可以根据人物不同的心理需求，在不同的语境中恰当地运用虚拟语气可以更好地表达出不同的感情色彩，发挥其缩小心理文化差异的语用功能。心理文化差异的大小直接决定交流双方对语言的理解意愿和交流方式，学习虚拟语气不仅要掌握其基本的语法形式，还要理解其强大的语用功能。因此，在读后续写学习中，学生要注意分析、体会虚拟语气所隐含的情感内容，才能巧妙地运用虚拟语气表达故事中人物丰富多彩的内心世界，从而能够较好地缩小交际双方的心理文化差异，推动作者、语篇与学生等互动交际活动得以有效开展。
在读后续写的心理描写中，恰当运用虚拟语气，可以委婉地表达主人公的某种情感，使人物形象更生动，增强文章 的可读性 。
（一）“if sb..., sb... ”表达纠结的心情
例如：2021 河北张家口第一次质检题
If I shuldn’t g back n time, the king wuld kill my friend. If I hadn’t fallen frm the hrse and gt hurt, I wuld have gt t the destinatin n time. 要是我不准时回去，国王会杀了我的朋 友 。如果我没有从马上摔下来并受了伤，我也早就按时到达 目 的地了 。
【分析】主人公向国王承诺准时回去，若违背诺言，国 王 会杀死主人公的朋友 。但因为主人公从马上摔下来，受伤了，这一路就耽搁了时间。这时就需要虚拟语气来做出非真实的 假设了，表达了主人公矛盾的情感纠结。以上两个虚拟条件句，前者表示与将来情况相反的假设，后者表示与过去情况相反的假设 。
（二）“ Withut/But fr...”表示感激之情
例如：2021 广州七校联考题
Withut /But fr mm’s encuragement, I wuldn’t have be- cme a successful narratr in the cmpetitin. 如果没有妈妈的鼓励，在比赛中我不可能成为一个成功的讲解员 。
【分析】经过学校的故事大赛，我意识到什么角色都有其优点和重要性。后来，我一直继续做好讲解员的角色，层层突破，在地区小有名气。这时用虚拟语气来表达对妈妈的感 激之情 。
（三）“ If nly...”表示强列的愿望
例如：2021 届浙江慈溪中学模拟题
If nly I had been the 3rd runner wh had gt t the finish line.要是我是第3位到达终点线的跑步者该多好啊！
【分析】我摔倒后继续往前跑，到达终点线，发现自己与第三名擦肩而过，不能获得我心仪的奖品。这时用虚拟语气 来表达与过去事实相反的情况，强调愿望 。
（四）固定句型表示后悔或遗憾
1. 可用 Hw sb wished that ... had (nt) dne sth
例如：2021 山东泰安期中试题
Hw Timmy wished that he hadn’t been s rude t his cach. Timmy 多么希望之前没有那么粗鲁的对待教练啊！
【分析】Timmy 一直是球队的主力，不愿把球传给别人。 他不仅不听教练的劝导，而且由于态度恶劣， 被取消参加区里比赛的资格。他同妈妈交流后，意识到以前自己的错误。 这时就需要虚拟语气来表达他后悔的情感 。
2. 可用 sb.+谓语, wishing that...
例如：2021 广州七校联考题
I was rted n the grund due t being frightened, wishing that I had refused my mther’s advice yesterday. 我由于恐惧愣在那里，真希望我昨天拒绝妈妈的建议 。
【分析】我一直不接受 自 己做故事的讲解员这个角色，但在妈妈的劝导下，我还是参加了学校的故事大赛。中途出现了情感的纠结，后悔参加了比赛。这时需要用虚拟语气来表 达后悔。
（五）“as if...”表达形象生动
例如： 2020 年浙江模拟题
The glasses drpped int the river, as if the water had swallwed them. 眼镜掉到河里，好像水已经吞噬了它 。
【分析】主人公兄弟俩跟爸爸在深林里的一条河边走着，突然爸爸摔了一跤，眼镜掉到河里，兄弟俩赶紧去找， 但由于河水汹涌，找不到 。这时就需要用虚拟语气来描述河中水流的凶猛 。此句型也是比喻的写作手法 。
1．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was a dark night in Texas when Luke Armstrng drve int twn. He had a lt f things n his mind, and he was driving slwly, thinking f slutins t his prblems. He had a sick daughter named Anne, and he was wrried she wuld give in t her illness befre he culd gather enugh mney t pay fr the surgery (外科手术).
Suddenly, he nticed a flashy sprts car parked by the side f the rad. It lked like it had a brken tire, but Luke culdn’t be t sure. He passed it withut giving it a secnd thught and cntinued dwn the rad.
He was s lst in thught that he almst missed the prne (俯卧的) figure f a human lying just by the side f the rad. “What is it?” he said t himself and his truck stpped beside the figure.
It was a wman, and she was weak. Luke immediately knew he had t help her as sn as pssible. He nticed her expensive utfit as he lifted her. “Perhaps she wns the fancy car I saw a few minutes ag,” Luke said t himself as he mved her t his truck and turned n the heater.
He nticed that she seemed t be having truble breathing, s he called 911 and reprted his exact lcatin as well as the predicament (困境) he fund the wman in.
Sn the ambulance came, and the wman was carried away.
After checking n his daughter the next day, Luke decided t see hw the wman he rescued was feeling. He had been tld she was getting treated in the same hspital. It turned ut that she was n lnger in danger. She was very grateful fr his kindness. After learning abut his daughter, she expressed great sympathy (同情).
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A week passed with Luke trying his best t wrk smething ut fr his child.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wh might be kind enugh t pay fr the surgery?
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2．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the 9th f January, a day I will remember fr a lng time. It was a nrmal Sunday mrning arund 8:30 am, right n time fr Sammy’s mrning walk. I didn’t walk because f my lameness, s I rde in my pwer wheelchair. We gt ut the dr and made ur way tward a prperty near my apartment cmplex. We gt t the gate and ut f the cmplex, and we went left nt the extra wide sidewalk. It was abut a mile’s walk ne way , passing a firehuse n the right side f the rad, befre we turned arund and started back.
Alng the path we tk was a large plate ver the sidewalk. I passed ver it the first time withut any prblems. My wheelchair culd reach up t 8 miles per hur, but we went a little slwer n ur walks, arund 2 miles per hur, s Sammy culd keep up. Even s, this speed was pretty fast fr a 15-year-ld dg.
As we turned arund and made ur way back, I went ver the sidewalk plate again except that this time it was mved withut me realizing it, putting my wheelchair in the grass n the embankment (路堤). The next thing I knew, my wheelchair started t tip ver, thrwing me ut f the chair and rlling dwn the embankment int the muddy water belw.
My right leg was hurt, and I was unable t pull myself upright. I was t weak t gather my strength t call fr help. The muddy water was cld and I felt it hard t breathe with my bdy flded and twisted in a strange psitin. Meanwhile, Sammy was sitting up n the sidewalk with his leash (牵狗皮带) caught under the tipped ver wheelchair. I heard him barking luder than ever heard. He knew I was hurt and was in danger.
By the way my wheelchair tipped ver, a passerby n the street wuld nt be able t see it frm the rad. All anyne culd see was a dg barking n the sidewalk almst night acrss the street frm the firehuse.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I culd tell Sammy was trying t help me.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Three firemen came t my dg’s aid finally.
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3．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As we pulled ut f the garage, my mind went blank when I saw the gun pinting against the car windw. This can’t be happening t me. Then I felt the gun, cld, against my head, and I heard my friend Jeremy saying, “What d yu want? Take my wallet.” but at the time I thught f nthing.
I remember being a little annyed when the gunman pulled me frm the car by the hair. I remember the walk t the huse --- Jeremy, me, the tw men with tw guns. I remember the fear and anger in the gunmen’s vices because Jeremy was being slw, and I remember wndering why he was being slw. I did nt realize that Jeremy had thrwn the keys int the bush. But I remember that sund f the gun hitting Jeremy’s head and the feeling as the man wh had hld f my hair released me. And I remember the split secnd when I realized he was lking at Jeremy, and I remember wndering hw far I culd run befre he pulled the trigger. But I was already running, and upn reaching the car acrss the street, I didn’t cruch(蹲伏) behind it but screamed instead.
I remember thinking there was smething ridiculus and illgical abut screaming “Help! Help!” at eight ’clck n a Tuesday evening in December and changing my plea(恳求) t the mre specific “Help! Let me in. Please let me in!” But the huses were cld, clsed, unfriendly, and I ran n until I heard Jeremy’s screams behind me annuncing that ur attackers had run away.
The neighbrs wh had nt pened their drs t us came ut with baseball bats and helped Jeremy find his glasses and keys. In a grup they were very brave. We waited fr the plice t cme until smene said t smene else that the ndles were getting cld, and I said plitely, “Please g and eat. We’re OK.”
I was happy t see them g. They had been talking f stricter sentences fr criminals, f bringing back the death penalty(处罚) and hw the President is ging t clean up the cuntry. I was thinking they culd be saying all f this ver my dead bdy, and I still feel that stiffer sentences wuldn’t change a thing. In a rush all the anger I shuld have felt fr my attackers was directed against these cntented peple standing in frnt f their warm, cmfrtable hmes talking abut all the guns they were ging t buy. What gd wuld guns have been t Jeremy and me?
Peple all ver the neighbrhd had called t reprt ur screams, and the plice turned ut in frce twenty minutes later. They were ill-tempered abut what was, t them, much truble abut nthing. After all, Jeremy was hardly hurt, and we were hpeless when it came t describing the gunmen. “Typical,” said ne pliceman when we culdn’t even agree n hw tall the men were. Bth f us were able t describe the guns in hrrifying detail, but the tw plicemen wh stayed t make the reprt didn’t think that wuld be f much help.
The plicemen were matter-f-fact abut the whle thing. The thin ne said, “That was a stupid thing t d, thrwing away the keys. When a man has a gun against yur head, yu d what yu’re tld.” Jeremy lked prperly embarrassed.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then the fat pliceman came up and the thin ne went t lk arund the utside f the huse.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
All that sleepless night I replayed the mment thse black glves came up t the car windw.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I walked alng the sidewalk in frnt f Surplus Unlimited, a car that was abut t change my life had just turned nt Rute 82 frm the CVS parking lt. I lked up and nticed the elderly cuple in the car heading tward me. As the car rlled past, the driver suddenly cllapsed against the steering wheel (方向盘) right in frnt f my eyes. His wife stared blankly ut f the passenger side windw. She was unaware that her car was nw rlling—withut a cnscius driver—dwn the center f a busy rad.
I began t jg alngside the mving car. My mind assessed the situatin. Smebdy needed t stp that car!
I reached frward, but there was nthing t grab. I punded n her windw. She lked cnfused. “Rll dwn the windw!” I yelled, gesturing wildly. With the windw dwn, I was able t grab the drframe. I pulled hard against the frce f the mving vehicle. On the far side f the car, the traffic streamed by in the ppsite directin. Cars passed ne after anther. Nbdy slwed dwn. Nbdy seemed t ntice.
Thankfully, the driver’s ft must have slipped ff the gas pedal (踏板) when he lst cnsciusness. I kept pulling, and the car began t slw.
Just then, a wman appeared frm behind me. She ran alngside the driver side dr. She pened the dr and as the car was slwing, she managed t shift it ut f “Drive”. A jyful “We did it!” feeling swept ver me.
But the car was nw stpped in the center lane (车道) with traffic still mving in bth directins arund us and we need t help this man. Quickly! The wman called 911 while I checked his vital signs. He was nt breathing. He had n pulse. He had abut five minutes until he was dead. CPR was needed in t time.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Thughts started running thrugh my mind.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In an instant, the man frm the black SUV was standing beside me and said, “I am a dctr.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事，
Once, when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line t buy tickets fr the circus(马戏团). Finally, there was nly ne family between us and the ticket cunter.
This family made a big impressin n me. There were eight children, all prbably under the age f 12. Yu culd tell they didn’t have a lt f mney. Their clthes were nt expensive, but they were clean. The children were well-behaved, all f them standing in line, tw-by-tw behind their parents, hlding hands. They were excitedly jabbering abut the clwns, elephants, and ther acts they wuld see that night.
One culd sense they had never been t the circus befre. It prmised t be a highlight f their
yung lives. The father and mther were at the head f the pack, standing prud as culd be. The mther was hlding her husband’s hand, lking up at him as if t say, ”Yu’re my knight(骑士) in shining armr(盔甲).” He was smiling, lking back at her as if t reply, “Yu gt that right.”
The ticket lady asked the father hw many tickets he wanted. He prudly respnded. “Please let me buy eight children’s tickets and tw adult tickets s I can take my family t the circus.” The ticket lady quted the price. The man’s wife let g f his hand, her head drpped, and his lip began t shake. The father leaned a little clser and asked, “Hw much did yu say?” The ticket lady again quted the price. The man didn’t have enugh mney.
Hw was he suppsed t turn and tell his eight children that he didn’t have enugh mney t take them t the circus? Actually we were nt wealthy in any sense. S I understand hw the kids wuld feel. I feel srry fr them.
注意：
1. 所续写的短文词数应为80词左右;
2. 段落开头句已经为你写好，不计入总词数。
Seeing what was ging n, my dad put his hand in his pcket, pulled ut a $20 bill and drpped it n the grund.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．【参考范文】
A week passed with Luke trying his best t wrk smething ut fr his child. He had taken n a part-time jb in hpes that things wuld help ut, but he knew it wuld be several mnths befre his savings culd cver the surgery. He was trying t find mre slutins when he received a call frm an unknwn number. It was the head physician f a very expensive hspital, and he had great news. “I’m calling t arrange a suitable date fr yur daughter’s surgery. Smene has generusly ffered t pay fr its cst,” the man said.
Wh might be kind enugh t pay fr the surgery? Luke thught t himself, wandering utside f the perating rm. Frtunately, the surgery was successful. Luke was very happy but als very cnfused as he did nt knw wh t thank. He asked his friends and relatives if they had dnated the mney, but in vain. When he went t pick up his daughter fr her jurney hme, he caught sight f a beautiful wman smiling gracefully at him, and he gt it in a flash. It was her, the wman he rescued n the highway.(169w)
【写作解析】本文以人物为线索展开，描述了主人公卢克在开车途中，救助了一个倒在路边的女人的故事。
1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“一个星期过去了，卢克尽最大努力为他的孩子想办法。”可知，第一段可描述卢克为自己女儿想办法所作的努力。
有第二段首句内容“谁会这么好心为手术买单呢？”可知，第二段可描述卢克知道有人为女儿付了手术费后的心理想法。
2.续写线索：想办法——赚钱——有人付手术费——动手术——查手术费来源
3.词汇激活
行为类
试图找到解决办法：try t find slutins / attempt t find slutins
接到电话：received a call / get a phne call
支付费用：pay fr the cst / affrd the cst
情绪类
幸运地：frtunately / luckily
困惑的：cnfused / perplexed
【典型句式】
【高分句型1】He had taken n a part-time jb in hpes that things wuld help ut, but he knew it wuld be several mnths befre his savings culd cver the surgery.(运用了that引导的同位语从句、but连接的并列句和befre引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】He asked his friends and relatives if they had dnated the mney, but in vain.(运用了if引导的宾语从句)
2．【参考范文】
I culd tell Sammy was trying t help me . Seeing I culdn’t mve and what a bad situatin I was in, Sammy culd sense I was hurt seriusly and badly in need f help. Sammy culdn’t run t thers fr help because his leash was tied under the wheelchair. What he culd d was t bark t ask fr help. Therefre, he barked vilently, hping t let thers ntice him. Luckily, it wrked. The fireman heard the sund and came ver t help.
Three firemen came t my dg’s aid finally. After untying the dg’s leash, Sammy quickly ran t me t me. Because f Sammy, the fireman nticed me, and they called the emergency. I was taken int hspital immediately. After a week in the hspital, I was gd enugh t leave. I appreciated my dgs t much. It was my dg that saved my life.
【写作解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者坐轮椅和自己的狗出去散步，在回来的途中突发事故，作者的轮椅翻倒并滚下了路堤，掉进了下面的泥水里。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我能看出来萨米是想帮我”可知，第一段可描写萨米想尽办法寻求帮助。
②由第二段首句内容“三个消防员终于来救我的狗了”可知，第二段可描写自己和狗被救的过程。
2.续写线索：狗叫——寻求帮助——被消防人员发现——被救——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①一起走路：walk tgether/accmpany him/keep him cmpany
②寻求帮助：ask fr help /cry fr help
③注意：ntice /spt
情绪类
①感谢：appreciate /shwing his appreciatin/shw his gratitude/be grateful
②担忧： bark vilently/be wrried abut
【典型句式】
[高分句型1]What he culd d was t bark t ask fr help. (运用了由连接词what引导的主语从句)
[高分句型2]Sammy culdn’t run t thers fr help because his leash was tied under the wheelchair.(运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
3.【参考范文】
Then the fat pliceman came up and the thin ne went t lk arund the utside f the huse.“That was the best thing yu culd have dne, thrwing away the keys,” he said. “If yu had gne int the huse with them…” His vice became weaker. “They wuld have hurt her” — he twisted his head tward me —“and killed yu bth.” Jeremy lked happier. “Lk,” said the fat pliceman kindly, “there’s n right r wrng in the situatin. There’s just luck.”
All that sleepless night I replayed the mment thse black glves came up t the car windw. Hw lng did the whle thing last? Three minutes, five, eight? N matter hw many hurs f my life I may spend reliving it, I knw there is n way t prepare fr the next time — n intelligent respnse t a gun. The fat cp was right. There’s nly luck. The next time I might end up dead.And I’m sure there will be a next time. Guns make sme peple feel safe and sme peple feel strng, but they’re fling themselves.
【写作解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记录了作者和Jeremy被持枪罪犯袭击的过程，同时也记录了邻居们和警察在这次袭击后的反应。作者因此感叹安全只是幻觉，不管是铁索还是枪支都不会带来安全。枪支使一些人感觉安全，而且有些人感觉强大，但是他们只是欺骗自己。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后那个胖警察走了过来，那个瘦警察到房子外面四处看了看”可知，第一段可描写警察和他们之间关于这次事件的对话的场景。
②由第二段首句内容“那个不眠之夜，我回想起那双黑手套临近车窗前的那一刻。”可知，第二段可描写作者回忆的一些细节，掺杂着一些感悟。
2.续写线索：警察到现场查案——对话——回忆起被袭击的细节——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①扔掉：thrw away/tss ut
②.进入：g int/cme int /enter
③.伤害：hurt /wund
情绪类
①.看起来更高兴：lked happier/lked mre pleased
②.友善地：kindly/neighbrly
【典型句式】
[高分句型1]. N matter hw many hurs f my life I may spend reliving it, I knw there is n way t prepare fr the next time — n intelligent respnse t a gun.（运用了N matter hw引导的让步状语从句）
[高分句型2].And I’m sure there will be a next time.（运用了宾语从句）
4 【参考范文】
Thughts started running thrugh my mind. I needed t start CPR. But I culdn’t d CPR n a persn wh was sitting in a car. Did I remember hw t d CPR? There was n way fr us tw wmen t lift this guy and carry him thrugh this traffic t the side f the rad. By the time an ambulance arrived, he wuld be dead. Just then, ver my shulder, I nticed a black SUV had pulled up behind us.
In an instant, the man frm the black SUV was standing beside me and said. “I am a dctr” I stepped back. He cnfirmed that the man indeed had n pulse. He quickly carried the uncnscius driver t the sidewalk with the help f the wman. I walked arund t the passenger windw t check n the elderly lady. Her hands were shaking wildly, tears in her eyes. She culd nly manage t whisper, “Will he be OK?” “I hpe s,” I tld her sftly, as the dctr began CPR. And his breath recvered!
【写作解析】本文由人物线索展开，讲述了作者注意到一辆朝他驶来的小汽车，司机已经失去了意识，情况十分危急，后来，他与路人齐心协力把车子停了下来，可是车主没有呼吸脉搏，情况危急之时，一辆黑色越野车停了下来，出来了一位医生，最终救下了这位老人。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“各种想法开始在我脑海里闪过。”可知，接下来要描述作者关于如何救这位司机的各种各样的想法，以及对于下文黑色越野车的提及。
②由第二段首句内容“刹那间，黑色越野车里的人站在我身边说。“我是医生。””可知，接下来可描写这位医生是如何操作，并最终救下这位司机的，以及众人的反应和情绪。
2.续写线索：我脑海中想到各种方法——无力实施救援——注意到了一辆黑色越野车——下来一位医生——司机的老婆焦急的情绪——最终救下了司机。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.举起：lift / raise / hld up
②.退后：step back / keep back/ draw back
③.检查：check / examine/ inspect
情绪类
①.悲伤：tears in her eyes/ sad/ srrwful
②.柔和：sftly/ gently
【典型句式】
[高分句型1]. He cnfirmed that the man indeed had n pulse.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. I walked arund t the passenger windw t check n the elderly lady. （运用了不定式作目的状语）
5．【参考范文】
Seeing what was ging n, my dad put his hand in his pcket, pulled ut a $20 bill and drpped it n the grund. Then he picked it up, tapping the man n the shulder, “Excuse me, sir, this fell ut f yur pcket.” The man turned arund and saw the mney. Knwing what was ging n, he lked straight int my dad’s eyes, tk my dad’s hand and squeezed tightly. With his lip shaking and a tear running dwn his cheek, he replied, “Thank yu, thank yu, sir. This really means a lt t me and my family.” At the same time, his children bwed t us with eyes shining with delight and gratitude. Giving a helping hand t the ne in need was really great, which had a prfund effect n my life frever.
【写作解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和父亲排队买马戏表演的票，看到一个家庭有八个孩子，父母带孩子准备看马戏表演，但是没有带足够的钱买票，作者的父亲看到这种情况，伸出援手帮助了这一家人，他们非常感激父亲，这件事对作者的生活产生了深远的影响。
1.段落续写：
由段首句内容“看到这一切，我爸爸把手伸进口袋，掏出一张20美元的钞票，扔在了地上。”可知，本段可描写作者的父亲帮助了这家人，这家人非常感激父亲，这件事对作者的生活产生了深远的影响。
2.续写线索：作者父亲捡起钱——假装询问——那个父亲了解实情——感激作者父亲——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拿起：pick up/take up
②.转身：turn arund/ turn abut
③.帮助：give a helping hand / give a hand/ d sb a favr
情绪类
①.感激：with gratitude/ shw his gratitude/be grateful
②.显著的，伟大的：great/distinct/utstanding
【典型句式】
[高分句型1]. Knwing what was ging n, he lked straight int my dad’s eyes, tk my dad’s hand and squeezed tightly. （由连接词what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. Giving a helping hand t the ne in need was really great, which had a prfund effect n my life frever.（由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）
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