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广东省广州市普通高中2024届高三冲刺训练（一）英语试卷含答案
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这是一份广东省广州市普通高中2024届高三冲刺训练（一）英语试卷含答案，文件包含2024年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题一试题pdf、2024年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题一试题docx、2024年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题一答案docx等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共22页， 欢迎下载使用。
英 语
本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sme beaches are perfect fr relaxing, while thers ffer activities like hiking and water sprts. Visit these beautiful beaches fr an unfrgettable vacatin.
Cannn Beach
If yur perfect beach vacatin spt features pstcard-wrthy scenery and peace, lk n further than Cannn Beach. In this Pacific Nrthwest twn, yu can even build a fire n the beach t relax beside while watching the sun set. When yu need a break frm the beach, grab a bike and head dwntwn t explre its art galleries, shps and restaurants.
Hrseshe Bay Beach
Fr a ne-f-a-kind beach experience, head t Hrseshe Bay Beach n Bermuda’s Suth Shre. Knwn fr its pink sand, this beach is a ppular destinatin fr families lking t play in the calm blue-green waters and build blush-clred sandcastles. Adventure seekers can als take part in the self-guided island bicycle tur r engage in exciting water sprts.
Mhegan Bluffs
This beach is famus fr its natural beauty. Upn arrival, pause t admire yur surrundings and learn abut its ties t the native peple, their ancient traditins, and cnnectin t the land, adding depth t yur beach experience. Then, take the 141 steps dwn t the sand t sunbathe. After that, climb back up t visit the Sutheast Light fr an up-clse view f its 18th-century lighthuse.
Suth Beach
This trpical district n Flrida’s Atlantic Cast is wrld-renwned fr its pwdery white sand. Althugh technically part f the Miami Beach area, Suth Beach stands ut due t its Art Dec architecture seen in everything frm the beachfrnt lifeguard twers t the high-rise buildings alng the famed Ocean Drive.
21. What similarity d Cannn Beach and Hrseshe Bay Beach share?
A. The chance t cycle arund.B. Their lively artistic scene.
C. The unique water sprts.D. Their distinctive sand clr.
22. Wh is mst likely attracted t Mhegan Bluffs?
A. Thse seeking water sprts.B. Fans f mdern lighthuses.
C. Thse interested in lcal culture.D. Enthusiasts f muntain climbing.
23. What sets Suth Beach apart frm the rest f the Miami Beach area?
A. Its beach sand.B. Its architectural style.
C. Its cean drive.D. Its high-rise buildings.
B
Yu are what yu think. Whatever yu are ding right nw is determined by yur thinking. All yur emtins and desires are influenced by yur thinking. The prblem is that when yu are nt aware f yur thinking, yu have n chance f crrecting it if it is pr. When thinking is subcnscius, yu are in n psitin t see any prblems in it. And, if yu dn’t see any prblems in it, yu wn’t be mtivated t change it. What’s wrse, few peple realize the pwerful rle that thinking plays in their lives, s they dn’t gain significant cmmand f it. As a result, mst peple are in many ways victims f their thinking.
Cnsider yur success as a student. The single mst significant variable in determining yur success as a student is the quality f yur thinking. Yur instructrs will play a rle in yur learning, but even the best teachers cannt get int yur head and learn fr yu. If yu lack the intellectual skills necessary fr thinking well thrugh curse cntent, yu will nt be successful in schl.
Here is the key questin we are putting t yu in this bk. If the quality f a persn’s thinking is the single mst significant determinant f bth happiness and success, why nt take the time t learn frm the best thinkers?
This bk will infrm yu f the tls that the best thinkers use and will illustrate the activities and practice yu can use t begin t emulate them, and take cntrl f yur destiny as a thinker. Each chapter fcuses n a different aspect f these thinking aids, helping yu discver the pwer f yur wn mind and f yur ptential t think systematically abut yur thinking.
This bk, as a whle, intrduces yu t the tls f mind that will help yu reasn well thrugh varius challenges yu face. If yu take these ideas seriusly and practice using them, yu can imprve the quality f yur thinking and ultimately, the quality f yur life.
24. Why d many peple lack mtivatin t change their pr thinking?
A. They are victims f emtins.
B. They are unaware f the need.
C. They think highly f themselves.
D. They lack the academic guidance.
25. What plays the mst crucial rle in schl success?
A. The curse cntent.
B. The schl envirnment.
C. The cmmitment f teachers.
D. The quality f an individual’s thinking.
26. What des the underlined wrd “emulate” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Make friends with.B. Win ver.
C. Fllw the example f.D. Lk up t.
27. The bk is rganized accrding t ________.
A. types f life challengesB. varieties f thinking tls
C. determinants f life valueD. ideas f different thinkers
C
Human histry is full f hrse stries like guiding cwbys hme n fggy nights and taking wunded sldiers thrugh battle znes. Such sensible and highly trained hrses made Elina Jatel, a cmputer scientist and rbticist, think f rbts. “A hrse that can take a rider hme n its wn wuld be the highest level f autnmy,” Jatel says. “Yu trust them with yur life.” She was drawn t learning hw such relatinships frm and if it culd help imprve human-rbt interactins.
Fr a year, Jatel engaged herself in the hrse wrld. She watched classes in hrse training, and she als talked with students, instructrs, trainers and hrse wners. Alng the way, Jatel even learned t ride.
Hrses learn signals frm their trainers n hw t cmfrtably interact with peple. Peple, t, must learn their part. Riders must learn what a hrse wants r feels based n its behavir, and what signals t use t direct hrses t perfrm in desired ways. Jatel fund sme similarities, here, t wrking with rbts. Peple must learn hw t direct rbts t d specific tasks. They als must learn what t d when rbts dn’t perfrm as planned. The gal is t prgram rbts that will respnd predictably t inputs frm peple. But like hrses, autnmus rbts als shuld be able t respnd n their wn as cnditins change. Fr example, a self-driving car must stp t avid hitting smething, even if sme human mistakenly tells it t keep ging.
Trainers and riders wrk with hrses t build respect. Hrses shw that respect by matching their pace t a human r giving smene wh is leading them a safe degree f persnal space. Trainers begin their wrk with a hrse by getting them t shw signs f respect in basic interactins, Jatel says. Later, trainers will develp mre cmplex interactins. Gradually, a hrse’s respect can grw int trust.
But that trust is nt given. And there may be a similar limitatin with rbts. What wuld it mean fr rbts and peple t respect and trust each ther? Fr nw, she adds, this is largely uncharted territry. But she’s lking t build a path.
28. What drew Elina Jatel’s attentin t hrses?
A. Hrses’ amazing perfrmance. B. Lng histry f hrse training.
C. Hrse-human interdependence.D. Her hrse-riding experience.
29. What are the rbts f the highest autnmy designed t d?
A. T act like real hrses.
B. T shw respect t humans.
C. T fllw instructins frm humans.
D. T make independent and sensible decisins.
30. What will Jatel’s future research mst prbably fcus n?
A. The limitatins f rbts.
B. Trust between rbts and humans.
C. Path tward higher rbt efficiency.
D. Similarities between hrses and rbts.
31. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Histry f Human-Hrse Relatinship
B. Secrets f Human-Animal Interactins
C. The Rle f Trust in Human-Rbt Partnerships
D. Hrses as the Inspiratin fr Autnmus Rbts
D
When we recall a memry, we bring back specific details abut it. But we ften als experience a vivid feeling f remembering the event. Memry researchers call these prcesses bjective and subjective memry. A new study shws they can functin independently and invlve different parts f the brain.
“The study distinguishes between hw well we remember and hw well we think we remember, and shws that decisin making depends primarily n the subjective evaluatin f memry evidence,” says psychlgist Denis Guetta.
The researchers tested bjective and subjective memry. After shwing vlunteers a series f images f cmmn bjects, the researchers shwed them pairs f images and asked them t determine which f the tw they had seen befre. They were asked t rate the memry as “recllected” (vivid and detailed), r “familiar” (lacking detail). Sme tests shwed similar image pairs, thers unrelated pairs. This setup measured bjective memry based n recgnitin and subjective memry based n vividness.
The researchers als used fMRI (功能性磁共振成像) t measure brain activity during this task. The results shwed higher levels f bjective memry with pairs f similar images, but participants claimed vivid memries mre with dissimilar pairs. They were mre likely t base their decisin abut whether t keep r clear an image n memry feeling rather than accuracy. Fr example, a persn culd have a vivid memry f ging t an event with friends. Sme f the actual details f that memry might be a bit ff, but they may feel it is a vivid memry, s they might decide t g ut with the same peple again.
The fMRI data shwed that bjective and subjective memry engaged varied regins f the brain. The regins invlved in subjective experiences were als invlved in decisin making, supprting the cnnectin between the tw prcesses.
“By understanding hw ur brains give rise t vivid subjective memries and memry decisins, we are mving a step clser t understanding hw we learn t evaluate memry evidence t make effective decisins in the future,” says researcher Analiz William.
32. Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic f the text?
A. By analyzing prblems.B. By giving examples.
C. By interpreting findings.D. By defining cncepts.
33. What were the vlunteers asked t d during the study?
A. T draw the images they had previusly seen.
B. T cmpare details f bjects they had been shwn.
C. T categrize their memry as recllected r familiar.
D. T recall specific emtins related t the images shwn.
34. What des the research find ut abut decisin making?
A. Bth types f memry have great influence n it.
B. Our vivid memry helps us make wise decisins.
C. It mainly relies n subjective memry evaluatin.
D. It’s decided by the accuracy f bjective memry.
35. What is Analiz William’s attitude twards the study?
A. Optimistic. B. Tlerant.C. Dubtful. D. Dismissive.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fr mst f histry, peple lived in small grups f up t 150 peple. Then villages and small twns develped, ffering safety and supprt thrugh the sharing f resurces. As time passed, urban living brught additinal advantages such as better jbs, schls and healthcare. Larger twns als gave peple mre chances t meet and interact. This is imprtant. 36
Tday, ver half f the wrld’s ppulatin currently lives in twns and cities. But this has resulted in a strange paradx (悖论). Althugh scial pprtunities are ne reasn peple chse t live in large cities, research suggests that city life can be lnely. 37 Peple frm all ver the wrld can jin nline cmmunities and make virtual friends withut leaving their hme.
The develpment f virtual cmmunities can be traced back t the 1860s. Back then, telegraph peratrs exchanged messages and gradually frmed friendships ver lng distances. 38
Later, in the 1960s, radis started t prvide a means f shrt-distance cmmunicatin and develped cmmunities with their wn unique language and usernames.
39 Cmputers were nt very pwerful yet, s peple culd pst messages and share news and stries but nt music r phts. Still, peple lved being able t make friends nline and then hang ut with them. As technlgy became mre pwerful, nline cmmunities fr fun, educatin and business emerged, where peple culd explre a virtual 3D wrld, have nline lessns, and even buy things with virtual mney.
These days, there are thusands f virtual cmmunities and that number keeps grwing. Many peple believe they will becme mre imprtant. 40 Particularly, they’re cncerned that psting persnal infrmatin nline might lead t a lss f privacy. S perhaps the future will be mre like the past. Peple will spend mst f their time in real cmmunities.
A. This trend, hwever, is nt likely t cntinue.
B. As Aristtle said, the nature f humans is t be scial.
C. That may explain why virtual cmmunities are s ppular.
D. The first ppular nline cmmunities develped in the 1980s.
E. Befre cell phnes existed, radi was an easy way t cmmunicate.
F. Nevertheless, thers wrry abut prblems with these cmmunities.
G. This is amng the earliest examples f virtual cmmunity interactins.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I vividly remember the day when my husband and I set ff n a new jurney t Tanzania. He had been 41 a psitin there as a Civil Engineer. Accmpanying him, my aim was t find
a jb shrtly after. As yu can imagine, I was very excited, even rather 42 , as I’d never been abrad befre. S, my first 43 was t get settled in this small twn called Ddma in the middle f Tanzania.
As we gt ff the train, hwever, at six in the mrning, a lady came rushing alng the 44
twards us. Cmpletely ut f breath, she said, “We’ve heard yu’re frm England and ur schl
45 needs an English teacher — please say yu’ll help us.” I felt tired and 46 a shwer after the jurney. Thugh shcked by her 47 , fr sme reasn r ther, I agreed t 48 it!
I washed, changed, had a quick bite t eat and was 49 t the tw lcal teachers and my
50 at 8 ’clck. It felt like being thrwn int the deep end, as my teaching timetable began
51 at 8:30! Althugh I’d hardly had time t get my breath, I never 52 my sudden decisin.
Thugh my entry int this 53 was unexpected, I fund jy in teaching thse yungsters and gradually became part f the lcal cmmunity in the fllwing years. I’ve been frtunate t
54 lifelng friendships, which has left a lasting 55 n bth my students and myself.
41.A. awardedB. fferedC. allwedD. presented
42.A. disappintedB. dissatisfiedC. uncncernedD. uneasy
43.A. prirityB. wrryC. actinD. respnse
44.A. riverB. platfrmC. sidewalkD. channel
45.A. prbablyB. suddenlyC. desperatelyD. ccasinally
46.A. lnged frB. waited frC. heard abutD. wrried abut
47.A. remarkB. interruptinC. suggestinD. request
48.A. keepB. takeC. frgetD. quit
49.A. intrducedB. recmmendedC. assigned D. cmpared
50.A. clleaguesB. assistantsC. studentsD. interviewers
51.A. exactlyB. finallyC. immediatelyD. smthly
52.A. expectedB. regrettedC. delayedD. drpped
53. A. careerB. cuntryC. agreementD. relatinship
54.A. valueB. strengthenC. renewD. harvest
55. A. cmmentB. recrdC. impactD. impressin
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mre yung peple are trying their hand at farming the sil. Gu Lan, 29, wrks in a vegetable greenhuse n his rganic farm 56 (lcate) in the suburban district f Hefei, East China’s Anhui prvince. It is the eighth time this summer that Gu has failed t grw vegetables 57
using chemicals. Despite trying varius hmemade pest slutins, such as plant ash and mixtures f pepper and alchl, the vegetable 58 (leaf) were still being eaten by insects. “I will nt give up 59 (try),” the 29-year-ld accuntant-turned-farmer says. He is determined t turn his farm int 60 rganic ne, cultivating fruits and vegetables with the same flavrs as thse frm his childhd memries.
“Grwing tasty and healthy fd 61 (be) my dream since I was a teenager. I knw
62 challenging it can be, but if yu take the sil 63 (serius), I believe it will pay ff,” Gu says. He adds that farming is nt a business that can make quick mney, but fr him, it has becme an uplifting activity that brings back memries f spending time n the farm with
64 (he) parents as a child. Gu’s passin fr rganic farming and cmmitment t prducing healthy fd will surely inspire mre yung peple t explre 65 (sustain) agriculture.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
英国一所友好学校的师生将到你校访问。你将作为学生代表在欢迎晚会上致辞，并赠送学生们自制的文创礼物。请你用英语写一篇欢迎辞，包括以下内容：
1．表示欢迎；
2．介绍礼物。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An Insignificant Task
The day when the jbs were handed ut was ne f the mst exciting fr all the children in the class. It tk place during the first week f the term. On that day, every by and girl was given a jb fr which they wuld be respnsible fr the rest f that schl year.
As with everything, sme jbs were mre interesting than thers, and the children were eager t be given ne f the best nes. When giving them ut, the teacher tk int accunt which pupils had been mst respnsible during the previus year, and thse children were the nes wh mst lked frward t this day. Amng them, Rita std ut. She was a kind and quiet girl. During the previus year she had carried ut the teacher’s instructins perfectly. All the children knew Rita was the favurite t be given the best jb f all: t lk after the class dg.
But this year there was a big surprise. Each child received ne f the nrmal jbs, like preparing the bks fr the lessns, telling the time, cleaning the blackbard, r lking after ne f the pets. Hwever, Rita’s jb was very different. She was given a little bx cntaining sme sand and ne ant. Even thugh the teacher insisted that this ant was a very special ant, Rita culd nt help feeling disappinted. Mst f her classmates felt srry fr her. They sympathised with her and remarked at hw unfair it was that she had been given that jb.
Yet, Rita, wh liked her teacher very much, chse t prve her wrth thrugh excellence. “I will turn this little task int smething great,” Rita said t herself. What she didn’t knw was that the teacher had secretly entered her int a rainfrest insect raising cmpetitin.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Gd evening, dear friends! …
Rita started investigating all abut her little ant.
On the last day f the schl year, the teacher burst int the classrm with excitement.
英 语
本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sme beaches are perfect fr relaxing, while thers ffer activities like hiking and water sprts. Visit these beautiful beaches fr an unfrgettable vacatin.
Cannn Beach
If yur perfect beach vacatin spt features pstcard-wrthy scenery and peace, lk n further than Cannn Beach. In this Pacific Nrthwest twn, yu can even build a fire n the beach t relax beside while watching the sun set. When yu need a break frm the beach, grab a bike and head dwntwn t explre its art galleries, shps and restaurants.
Hrseshe Bay Beach
Fr a ne-f-a-kind beach experience, head t Hrseshe Bay Beach n Bermuda’s Suth Shre. Knwn fr its pink sand, this beach is a ppular destinatin fr families lking t play in the calm blue-green waters and build blush-clred sandcastles. Adventure seekers can als take part in the self-guided island bicycle tur r engage in exciting water sprts.
Mhegan Bluffs
This beach is famus fr its natural beauty. Upn arrival, pause t admire yur surrundings and learn abut its ties t the native peple, their ancient traditins, and cnnectin t the land, adding depth t yur beach experience. Then, take the 141 steps dwn t the sand t sunbathe. After that, climb back up t visit the Sutheast Light fr an up-clse view f its 18th-century lighthuse.
Suth Beach
This trpical district n Flrida’s Atlantic Cast is wrld-renwned fr its pwdery white sand. Althugh technically part f the Miami Beach area, Suth Beach stands ut due t its Art Dec architecture seen in everything frm the beachfrnt lifeguard twers t the high-rise buildings alng the famed Ocean Drive.
21. What similarity d Cannn Beach and Hrseshe Bay Beach share?
A. The chance t cycle arund.B. Their lively artistic scene.
C. The unique water sprts.D. Their distinctive sand clr.
22. Wh is mst likely attracted t Mhegan Bluffs?
A. Thse seeking water sprts.B. Fans f mdern lighthuses.
C. Thse interested in lcal culture.D. Enthusiasts f muntain climbing.
23. What sets Suth Beach apart frm the rest f the Miami Beach area?
A. Its beach sand.B. Its architectural style.
C. Its cean drive.D. Its high-rise buildings.
B
Yu are what yu think. Whatever yu are ding right nw is determined by yur thinking. All yur emtins and desires are influenced by yur thinking. The prblem is that when yu are nt aware f yur thinking, yu have n chance f crrecting it if it is pr. When thinking is subcnscius, yu are in n psitin t see any prblems in it. And, if yu dn’t see any prblems in it, yu wn’t be mtivated t change it. What’s wrse, few peple realize the pwerful rle that thinking plays in their lives, s they dn’t gain significant cmmand f it. As a result, mst peple are in many ways victims f their thinking.
Cnsider yur success as a student. The single mst significant variable in determining yur success as a student is the quality f yur thinking. Yur instructrs will play a rle in yur learning, but even the best teachers cannt get int yur head and learn fr yu. If yu lack the intellectual skills necessary fr thinking well thrugh curse cntent, yu will nt be successful in schl.
Here is the key questin we are putting t yu in this bk. If the quality f a persn’s thinking is the single mst significant determinant f bth happiness and success, why nt take the time t learn frm the best thinkers?
This bk will infrm yu f the tls that the best thinkers use and will illustrate the activities and practice yu can use t begin t emulate them, and take cntrl f yur destiny as a thinker. Each chapter fcuses n a different aspect f these thinking aids, helping yu discver the pwer f yur wn mind and f yur ptential t think systematically abut yur thinking.
This bk, as a whle, intrduces yu t the tls f mind that will help yu reasn well thrugh varius challenges yu face. If yu take these ideas seriusly and practice using them, yu can imprve the quality f yur thinking and ultimately, the quality f yur life.
24. Why d many peple lack mtivatin t change their pr thinking?
A. They are victims f emtins.
B. They are unaware f the need.
C. They think highly f themselves.
D. They lack the academic guidance.
25. What plays the mst crucial rle in schl success?
A. The curse cntent.
B. The schl envirnment.
C. The cmmitment f teachers.
D. The quality f an individual’s thinking.
26. What des the underlined wrd “emulate” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Make friends with.B. Win ver.
C. Fllw the example f.D. Lk up t.
27. The bk is rganized accrding t ________.
A. types f life challengesB. varieties f thinking tls
C. determinants f life valueD. ideas f different thinkers
C
Human histry is full f hrse stries like guiding cwbys hme n fggy nights and taking wunded sldiers thrugh battle znes. Such sensible and highly trained hrses made Elina Jatel, a cmputer scientist and rbticist, think f rbts. “A hrse that can take a rider hme n its wn wuld be the highest level f autnmy,” Jatel says. “Yu trust them with yur life.” She was drawn t learning hw such relatinships frm and if it culd help imprve human-rbt interactins.
Fr a year, Jatel engaged herself in the hrse wrld. She watched classes in hrse training, and she als talked with students, instructrs, trainers and hrse wners. Alng the way, Jatel even learned t ride.
Hrses learn signals frm their trainers n hw t cmfrtably interact with peple. Peple, t, must learn their part. Riders must learn what a hrse wants r feels based n its behavir, and what signals t use t direct hrses t perfrm in desired ways. Jatel fund sme similarities, here, t wrking with rbts. Peple must learn hw t direct rbts t d specific tasks. They als must learn what t d when rbts dn’t perfrm as planned. The gal is t prgram rbts that will respnd predictably t inputs frm peple. But like hrses, autnmus rbts als shuld be able t respnd n their wn as cnditins change. Fr example, a self-driving car must stp t avid hitting smething, even if sme human mistakenly tells it t keep ging.
Trainers and riders wrk with hrses t build respect. Hrses shw that respect by matching their pace t a human r giving smene wh is leading them a safe degree f persnal space. Trainers begin their wrk with a hrse by getting them t shw signs f respect in basic interactins, Jatel says. Later, trainers will develp mre cmplex interactins. Gradually, a hrse’s respect can grw int trust.
But that trust is nt given. And there may be a similar limitatin with rbts. What wuld it mean fr rbts and peple t respect and trust each ther? Fr nw, she adds, this is largely uncharted territry. But she’s lking t build a path.
28. What drew Elina Jatel’s attentin t hrses?
A. Hrses’ amazing perfrmance. B. Lng histry f hrse training.
C. Hrse-human interdependence.D. Her hrse-riding experience.
29. What are the rbts f the highest autnmy designed t d?
A. T act like real hrses.
B. T shw respect t humans.
C. T fllw instructins frm humans.
D. T make independent and sensible decisins.
30. What will Jatel’s future research mst prbably fcus n?
A. The limitatins f rbts.
B. Trust between rbts and humans.
C. Path tward higher rbt efficiency.
D. Similarities between hrses and rbts.
31. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Histry f Human-Hrse Relatinship
B. Secrets f Human-Animal Interactins
C. The Rle f Trust in Human-Rbt Partnerships
D. Hrses as the Inspiratin fr Autnmus Rbts
D
When we recall a memry, we bring back specific details abut it. But we ften als experience a vivid feeling f remembering the event. Memry researchers call these prcesses bjective and subjective memry. A new study shws they can functin independently and invlve different parts f the brain.
“The study distinguishes between hw well we remember and hw well we think we remember, and shws that decisin making depends primarily n the subjective evaluatin f memry evidence,” says psychlgist Denis Guetta.
The researchers tested bjective and subjective memry. After shwing vlunteers a series f images f cmmn bjects, the researchers shwed them pairs f images and asked them t determine which f the tw they had seen befre. They were asked t rate the memry as “recllected” (vivid and detailed), r “familiar” (lacking detail). Sme tests shwed similar image pairs, thers unrelated pairs. This setup measured bjective memry based n recgnitin and subjective memry based n vividness.
The researchers als used fMRI (功能性磁共振成像) t measure brain activity during this task. The results shwed higher levels f bjective memry with pairs f similar images, but participants claimed vivid memries mre with dissimilar pairs. They were mre likely t base their decisin abut whether t keep r clear an image n memry feeling rather than accuracy. Fr example, a persn culd have a vivid memry f ging t an event with friends. Sme f the actual details f that memry might be a bit ff, but they may feel it is a vivid memry, s they might decide t g ut with the same peple again.
The fMRI data shwed that bjective and subjective memry engaged varied regins f the brain. The regins invlved in subjective experiences were als invlved in decisin making, supprting the cnnectin between the tw prcesses.
“By understanding hw ur brains give rise t vivid subjective memries and memry decisins, we are mving a step clser t understanding hw we learn t evaluate memry evidence t make effective decisins in the future,” says researcher Analiz William.
32. Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic f the text?
A. By analyzing prblems.B. By giving examples.
C. By interpreting findings.D. By defining cncepts.
33. What were the vlunteers asked t d during the study?
A. T draw the images they had previusly seen.
B. T cmpare details f bjects they had been shwn.
C. T categrize their memry as recllected r familiar.
D. T recall specific emtins related t the images shwn.
34. What des the research find ut abut decisin making?
A. Bth types f memry have great influence n it.
B. Our vivid memry helps us make wise decisins.
C. It mainly relies n subjective memry evaluatin.
D. It’s decided by the accuracy f bjective memry.
35. What is Analiz William’s attitude twards the study?
A. Optimistic. B. Tlerant.C. Dubtful. D. Dismissive.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fr mst f histry, peple lived in small grups f up t 150 peple. Then villages and small twns develped, ffering safety and supprt thrugh the sharing f resurces. As time passed, urban living brught additinal advantages such as better jbs, schls and healthcare. Larger twns als gave peple mre chances t meet and interact. This is imprtant. 36
Tday, ver half f the wrld’s ppulatin currently lives in twns and cities. But this has resulted in a strange paradx (悖论). Althugh scial pprtunities are ne reasn peple chse t live in large cities, research suggests that city life can be lnely. 37 Peple frm all ver the wrld can jin nline cmmunities and make virtual friends withut leaving their hme.
The develpment f virtual cmmunities can be traced back t the 1860s. Back then, telegraph peratrs exchanged messages and gradually frmed friendships ver lng distances. 38
Later, in the 1960s, radis started t prvide a means f shrt-distance cmmunicatin and develped cmmunities with their wn unique language and usernames.
39 Cmputers were nt very pwerful yet, s peple culd pst messages and share news and stries but nt music r phts. Still, peple lved being able t make friends nline and then hang ut with them. As technlgy became mre pwerful, nline cmmunities fr fun, educatin and business emerged, where peple culd explre a virtual 3D wrld, have nline lessns, and even buy things with virtual mney.
These days, there are thusands f virtual cmmunities and that number keeps grwing. Many peple believe they will becme mre imprtant. 40 Particularly, they’re cncerned that psting persnal infrmatin nline might lead t a lss f privacy. S perhaps the future will be mre like the past. Peple will spend mst f their time in real cmmunities.
A. This trend, hwever, is nt likely t cntinue.
B. As Aristtle said, the nature f humans is t be scial.
C. That may explain why virtual cmmunities are s ppular.
D. The first ppular nline cmmunities develped in the 1980s.
E. Befre cell phnes existed, radi was an easy way t cmmunicate.
F. Nevertheless, thers wrry abut prblems with these cmmunities.
G. This is amng the earliest examples f virtual cmmunity interactins.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I vividly remember the day when my husband and I set ff n a new jurney t Tanzania. He had been 41 a psitin there as a Civil Engineer. Accmpanying him, my aim was t find
a jb shrtly after. As yu can imagine, I was very excited, even rather 42 , as I’d never been abrad befre. S, my first 43 was t get settled in this small twn called Ddma in the middle f Tanzania.
As we gt ff the train, hwever, at six in the mrning, a lady came rushing alng the 44
twards us. Cmpletely ut f breath, she said, “We’ve heard yu’re frm England and ur schl
45 needs an English teacher — please say yu’ll help us.” I felt tired and 46 a shwer after the jurney. Thugh shcked by her 47 , fr sme reasn r ther, I agreed t 48 it!
I washed, changed, had a quick bite t eat and was 49 t the tw lcal teachers and my
50 at 8 ’clck. It felt like being thrwn int the deep end, as my teaching timetable began
51 at 8:30! Althugh I’d hardly had time t get my breath, I never 52 my sudden decisin.
Thugh my entry int this 53 was unexpected, I fund jy in teaching thse yungsters and gradually became part f the lcal cmmunity in the fllwing years. I’ve been frtunate t
54 lifelng friendships, which has left a lasting 55 n bth my students and myself.
41.A. awardedB. fferedC. allwedD. presented
42.A. disappintedB. dissatisfiedC. uncncernedD. uneasy
43.A. prirityB. wrryC. actinD. respnse
44.A. riverB. platfrmC. sidewalkD. channel
45.A. prbablyB. suddenlyC. desperatelyD. ccasinally
46.A. lnged frB. waited frC. heard abutD. wrried abut
47.A. remarkB. interruptinC. suggestinD. request
48.A. keepB. takeC. frgetD. quit
49.A. intrducedB. recmmendedC. assigned D. cmpared
50.A. clleaguesB. assistantsC. studentsD. interviewers
51.A. exactlyB. finallyC. immediatelyD. smthly
52.A. expectedB. regrettedC. delayedD. drpped
53. A. careerB. cuntryC. agreementD. relatinship
54.A. valueB. strengthenC. renewD. harvest
55. A. cmmentB. recrdC. impactD. impressin
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mre yung peple are trying their hand at farming the sil. Gu Lan, 29, wrks in a vegetable greenhuse n his rganic farm 56 (lcate) in the suburban district f Hefei, East China’s Anhui prvince. It is the eighth time this summer that Gu has failed t grw vegetables 57
using chemicals. Despite trying varius hmemade pest slutins, such as plant ash and mixtures f pepper and alchl, the vegetable 58 (leaf) were still being eaten by insects. “I will nt give up 59 (try),” the 29-year-ld accuntant-turned-farmer says. He is determined t turn his farm int 60 rganic ne, cultivating fruits and vegetables with the same flavrs as thse frm his childhd memries.
“Grwing tasty and healthy fd 61 (be) my dream since I was a teenager. I knw
62 challenging it can be, but if yu take the sil 63 (serius), I believe it will pay ff,” Gu says. He adds that farming is nt a business that can make quick mney, but fr him, it has becme an uplifting activity that brings back memries f spending time n the farm with
64 (he) parents as a child. Gu’s passin fr rganic farming and cmmitment t prducing healthy fd will surely inspire mre yung peple t explre 65 (sustain) agriculture.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
英国一所友好学校的师生将到你校访问。你将作为学生代表在欢迎晚会上致辞，并赠送学生们自制的文创礼物。请你用英语写一篇欢迎辞，包括以下内容：
1．表示欢迎；
2．介绍礼物。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An Insignificant Task
The day when the jbs were handed ut was ne f the mst exciting fr all the children in the class. It tk place during the first week f the term. On that day, every by and girl was given a jb fr which they wuld be respnsible fr the rest f that schl year.
As with everything, sme jbs were mre interesting than thers, and the children were eager t be given ne f the best nes. When giving them ut, the teacher tk int accunt which pupils had been mst respnsible during the previus year, and thse children were the nes wh mst lked frward t this day. Amng them, Rita std ut. She was a kind and quiet girl. During the previus year she had carried ut the teacher’s instructins perfectly. All the children knew Rita was the favurite t be given the best jb f all: t lk after the class dg.
But this year there was a big surprise. Each child received ne f the nrmal jbs, like preparing the bks fr the lessns, telling the time, cleaning the blackbard, r lking after ne f the pets. Hwever, Rita’s jb was very different. She was given a little bx cntaining sme sand and ne ant. Even thugh the teacher insisted that this ant was a very special ant, Rita culd nt help feeling disappinted. Mst f her classmates felt srry fr her. They sympathised with her and remarked at hw unfair it was that she had been given that jb.
Yet, Rita, wh liked her teacher very much, chse t prve her wrth thrugh excellence. “I will turn this little task int smething great,” Rita said t herself. What she didn’t knw was that the teacher had secretly entered her int a rainfrest insect raising cmpetitin.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Gd evening, dear friends! …
Rita started investigating all abut her little ant.
On the last day f the schl year, the teacher burst int the classrm with excitement.
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