2024长沙南雅中学高二下学期5月月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2024长沙南雅中学高二下学期5月月考英语试题含解析，共18页。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Wh is mst prbably Esther?
A. A directr. B. A reprter. C. A ballet dancer.
2. What did Sarah emphasize just nw?
A. Teamwrk. B. Respnsibility. C. Creative thinking.
3. What des the wman think f the weather?
A. It’s very warm. B. It’s pretty ht. C. It’s super cld.
4. What des Greg ask Chle t d?
A. Draw up a ntice. B. Send an applicatin. C. View an advertisement.
5. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. A charity event. B. A vlunteer. C. A restaurant.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the man prbably be ding at 10: 00 a. m. tmrrw?
A. Having a meal with Ms. Carey.
B. Talking abut marketing strategies.
C. Attending a budget review meeting.
7. When is tmrrw’s cnference call scheduled fr?
A. 5: 30 p. m. B. 4: 30 p. m. C. 3: 00 p. m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Fellw passengers. C. Air hstess and passenger.
9. Why des the man g t France?
A. Fr sightseeing. B. Fr shpping. C. Fr business.
10. Where des the wman cme frm?
A. The Netherlands. B. Britain. C. Thailand.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What des Dylan Warren say abut the car?
A. Its scratch was frm a serius accident.
B. Its air cnditining system is new.
C. It has run mre than 40,000 miles.
12. What is Jessica James dissatisfied with abut the car?
A. The engine. B. The brakes. C. The suspensins.
13. Hw much des Dylan Warren want t sell the car fr?
A. $ 5,500. B. $ 6,000. C. $ 6,500.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Which f the fllwing appeals t the wman mst?
A. Shalin kung fu. B. Wing Chun. C. Tai chi.
15. What des the man appreciate abut drunken bxing?
A. Its health benefits. B. Its interesting effects. C. Its graceful mvements.
16. What d the speakers talk abut in the end?
A. The significance f Chinese martial arts.
B. The new cncept f Chinese philsphy.
C. Different frms f self-defense.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What des Debra Rsenthal teach?
A. Climate Change: Glbal Impacts.
B. Envirnmental Literature.
C. Organic Chemistry.
18. Why was Isidra Djuki c initially unsure abut the idea f the bard game?
A. She didn’t enjy playing bard games.
B. She dubted its effectiveness in learning.
C. She preferred traditinal classrm discussins.
19. Hw des the bard game “Slutins” differ frm “Mnply”?
A. The players in “Slutins” wrk twards a cmmn gal.
B. The aim f “Slutins” is t cmpete against ther players.
C. The game “Slutins” includes cllecting recyclable materials.
20. What d we knw abut the bard game “Slutins”?
A. It needs t be played with six cpies at the same time.
B. It ften invlves vtes t make a decisin.
C. It requires students t measure the temperature.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are fur universities in Germany that ffer free tuitin fr their students.
Technical University f Munich （TUM）
This university is the best technical university in Germany. It was established in 1868 by King Ludwig II. The university was renamed Technische Universitat Munchen in 1970. Its alumni（校友） included several Nbel Prize winners, including Knrad Emil Blch fr Medicine r Physilgy and Rbert Huber fr Chemistry. This free university ffers undergraduate degrees in Aerspace Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Envirnmental Engineering, Infrmatin Science, Nuclear Technlgy, and Agricultural Sciences and thers.
Munich University f Applied Sciences （MUAS）
Established in 1971, it is the largest university f applied sciences in Bavaria, and the secnd largest in Germany. It was established fllwing the merger（合并） f seven clleges f higher educatin. It ffers a variety f bachelr’s and master’s degrees in different subjects. It hlds partnerships with mre than 200 universities acrss Eurpe, Nrth and Suth America, and Asia. Apprximately 13% f its students cme frm abrad.
Ludwig Maximilian University （LMU）
LMU, funded in 1472, is a renwned Eurpean university knwn fr its academics and research, As a tp Eurpean research university, LM cvers many subjects, including humanities, law, ecnmics, medicine, and natural sciences. LMU has 18 faculties and an excellent library system. They emphasize creative thinking, prblem - slving, and research in their academic prgrams.
Academy f Media Arts Clgne（ KHM）
The Academy was funded in 1990, als knwn as KHM in German. It is a public academic institutin that ffers a special and unique cncept f study: instead f separating the field s f film, televisin, art, design and thery, they are integrated int a single curse f study leading t a diplma in Audivisual Media. It is hme t ver 400 students, with nearly 50% internatinal students.
21. What d we knw abut Munich University f Applied Sciences?
A. It is the biggest university in Germany.
B. It was frmed by cmbining several clleges.
C. It wns an excellent library system.
D. It has sme Nbel Prize winners in its histry.
22. Which university has the lngest histry?
A. TUM. B. LMU. C. KHM. D. MUAS.
23. What makes the Academy f Media Arts Clgne stand ut?
A. It was funded by a king. B. It is a private academy.
C. It has fewer internatinal students. D. It nly prvides ne prgram.
B
There can be n dubt that Stephen King, New Yrk Times’ best-selling authr, has fund success in many aspects, but it wasn’t always like this, King witnessed tragedy and hrrrs frm the very beginning. When he was 2 years ld, his father tld his mm that he was ging ut t get cigarettes but in fact, he never came back, he had abandned his family.
This left his mther Ruth t care fr Stephen and his elder brther David n her wn. Ruth was frced t mve ften, desperately lking fr wrk as she was nw the nly prvider f the family, and she had t rely n relatives mst f the time. One day Stephen went ut t play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able t speak a single wrd. It seemed he was hurt mentally r smething, but he still gt the curage t cntinue frward. It turned ut that ne f his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emtinal scar n him.
King, later n, drpped ut f schl due t sme serius health cncerns and was tld that he had t enlist（入伍） again the next fall, which demtivated him t. Althugh Stephen King didn’t see his childhd as smething extrardinary r special, he did say that he was always fascinated by scary things.
Peple used t acknwledge the King family by their lve f literature. In fact, whenever Stephen’s mm had t g ut, she didn’t hire a babysitter, fr the kids used t read nvels t each ther s they wuld nt get bred. Stephen King’s lve f stries was develped frm a very yung age and he carried that traditin with his wn children alng with his wife Tabitha.
In 1973, Stephen King started his amazing jurney f success when he published his first nvel Carrie, which is scary. The rest fllwed frm after that as he published many amazing bks like The Shining, IT, Firestarter, and Cuj. All f these bks became instant classics and gt their wn mvie and televisin shws adaptins.
24. What is mainly talked abut Stephen King in the first tw paragraphs?
A. His unfrtunate childhd. B. His mther’s bitter experiences.
C. His difficulty in supprting the family. D. His achievements in writing.
25. What left Stephen King nt even speaking a single wrd?
A. He was kncked dwn by a passing train.
B. He was depressed by the cnstant mves.
C. He was heart struck by a terrible accident.
D. He was badly criticized by a clse friend.
26. What des the underlined wrd “demtivated” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Inspired. B. Embarrassed. C. Relaxed. D. Discuraged.
27. Why didn’t Stephen’s mm hire a babysitter?
A. The children culd actually entertain themselves.
B. The family was t pr t hire a babysitter.
C. The family culd nt find a prper babysitter.
D. The children didn’t like t be cared fr by thers.
C
On December 16, 2023, the first sectin f Maya Train fficially pened, which runs between Campeche and Cancún, carrying up t 231 passengers acrss 290 miles and stpping at 14 train statins.
Built as an ambitius effrt t prmte turism and bst Mexic’s ecnmy, the rail system cnnects the majr cities and turist regins f the Yucatán Peninsula — frm Cancún’s beaches t Tulum’s archaelgical wnders. Once the prject is cmpleted, the entire rail system will link turist destinatins acrss five states. Hwever, envirnmentalists and archaelgists argue that the train rute will cause great damage t the envirnment -- and ancient Mayan sites.
The Maya Train passes thrugh six UNESCO Wrld Heritage sites and thusands f archaelgical sites. One particular area f cncern is the Calakmul bisphere reserve, which is hme t many endangered species, such as jaguars and ver 500 ther animal species. The train lines, mre than 60 meters wide, culd act as artificial barriers that may limit the mvement f these animals within the reserve making it difficult fr them t mve arund and access fd and water surces.
Oppnents als express safety cncerns. Certain sectins f the rail system will be built right n tp f the aquifer’s（含水层的） mst fragile pints f cntact with the surface. “It’s like wanting t build ver eggshells,” says Guillerm Christy, a water treatment cnsultant. “Putting trains weighing thusands f tns n tp culd cause the undergrund caves t crash dwn.” T cnstruct the train infrastructure als requires driving lng piles deep int the grund, which pses a big threat t this fragile ecsystem and leads t water shrtages.
In the nging debate f Maya Train, it is crucial t cnsider the delicate balance between ecnmic develpment and envirnmental preservatin. While Maya Train may prvide ecnmic benefits, we must nt verlk the ptential envirnmental and cultural lsses, as well as the safety risks it may bring. Achieving harmny between prgress and cnservatin may be a significant challenge fr the prject, but we must take int accunt the lng-term cnsequences f ur actins.
28. What d we knw abut the Maya Train prject?
A. It cnsumes lts f labr in Mexic.
B. It was cmpleted n December 16,2023.
C. It has cncerned sme prfessinals.
D. It blcks the develpment f lcal turism.
29. What effect d the train lines have n the animals in the reserve?
A. Plluting their water surces.
B. Disturbing their sleeping patterns.
C. Attracting their enemies t the area.
D. Restricting their activities.
30. Why des the authr mentin “eggshells” in Paragraph 4?
A. T shw the difficulty f cnstructing the rail lines.
B. T stress Maya Train’s ptential harm t the aquifer system.
C. T prve the urgency f prtecting the fragile ecsystem.
D. T explain the reasns fr water shrtages alng the railway.
31. Which statement wuld the authr prbably agree with?
A. Ecnmic develpment shuld nt cme at the cst f the envirnment.
B. Preserving cultural sites requires strng financial supprt.
C. It is time t speed up the cnstructin prcess f Maya Train.
D. We shuld value the ecnmic benefits f the prject in the lng run.
D
Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed hw insects learn t assciate sensry infrmatin in their envirnment with a fd reward, and hw they can recall this infrmatin later in rder t slve cmplex tasks such as the search fr fd.
Living rganisms shw remarkable abilities in cping with prblems psed by cmplex and dynamic envirnments. They are able t generalize their experiences in rder t rapidly adap t their behaviur when the envirnment changes. The zlgists investigated hw the nervus system f the fruit fly cntrls its behaviur when searching fr fd.
Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents（气味） cming frm the fd surce. They initially trained their mdel f the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward.
“The mdel rapidly learns a strng representatin f the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentatins and is then able t find the surce f this scent in a cmplex envirnment,” said cmputer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, wh created the mdel.
The mdel created is thus capable t generalize frm its memry and t apply what it has learned previusly in a cmpletely new and cmplex envirnment, while learning required nly a very small database f training samples.
The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatin s t slving cmplex tasks.
32. What is the ultimate aim f the research?
A. T investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin.
B. T slve prblems in simulated cmplex envirnments.
C. T analyse hw insects search fr fd in cmplex envirnment.
D. T prmte machine learning and AI applicatins.
33. Hw did zlgists mainly carry ut their research?
A. By bserving fruit flies. B. By perfrming lab experiments.
C. By using a cmputer mdel. D. By carrying ut field research.
34. What is mainly discussed abut the study in paragraphs 3-5?
A. Its findings. B. Its prcess.
C. Its imprtance. D. Its applicatin.
35. What des the result f this study imply?
A. Artificial intelligence is applied t the study f insect brain.
B. Fd reward is cnnected with infrmatin transfrmatin.
C. Sensry infrmatin can be applied t slving cmplex tasks.
D. Studying living rganisms can make a difference t AI research.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Educatin is a self-enlightening prcess. It is an imprtant part f life.
36. ______ The first thing that strikes me abut educatin is knwledge gain. Educatin gives us knwledge f the wrld arund us. It develps in us a perspective f lking at life. It helps us build pinins and have pints f view n things in life. Educatin makes us capable f explaining things rightly. It is nt just abut lessns in textbks. 37. ______
Educatin is imprtant als because it equips us with all that is needed t make ur dreams cme true. It pens drs t brilliant career pprtunities. 38. ______ We are weighed in the market n the basis f ur educatinal skills and hw well we can apply them.
39. ______ It wipes ut all the wrng beliefs in ur minds. It helps create a clear picture f everything arund us and we n lnger remain in cnfusin abut the things we learn. It can lead us t enlightenment. It is educatin that builds in every individual the cnfidence t make decisins, t face life and t accept success and failure.
Fr the prgress f a natin, fr the enrichment f sciety in general, educatin is necessary and imprtant. A cuntry’s literate ppulatin is its asset（有利条件）. The number f institutes ffering vcatinal curses and clleges ffering nline educatin is increasing by the day.
Well, schls, clleges and ther such educatinal institutes define the basic framewrk f educatin. But educatin des nt end here. 40. ______ Self-learning begins at a pint where institutinal educatin ends. The prcess f self-learning cntinues.
A. Educatin is essential as it paves the path leading t disillusinment（醒悟）.
B. Why is educatin s imprtant?
C. It is a lifelng prcess.
D. Hw can peple get educatin?
E. It brings better prspects in career and grwth.
F. It is abut the lessns f life.
G. It ends when ur career begins.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Histry’s first empire rse ut f a ht, dry landscape, withut rainfall fr crps, withut trees r stnes fr building. In spite f all this, its peple built the wrld’s first cities, with mnumental architecture and large ppulatins — and they built them 41 ut f mud.
Sumer 42 the suthern part f mdern Iraq in the regin called Mesptamia. Mesptamia means “between tw rivers” — the Tigris and the Euphrates. Arund 5000 BCE, early Sumerians used channels and dams t 43 river water and farm large areas f previusly 44 land. Agricultural cmmunities like this were slwly 45 in Mesptamia.
But Sumerians were the first t take the 46 step. Using 47 made frm river mud, they began t build multi-stried hmes and temples. Thse clay bricks gave rise t the wrld’s first 48 , like Uruk, Ur, and Eridu, prbably arund 4500 BCE.
The Sumerians created the first 49 system, designed t teach the ability f writing. In the schls, peple studied frm dawn t dusk, frm 50 well int adulthd. They 51 accunting, mathematics, and cpied wrks f literature.
But by the third millennium（千年） BCE, Sumer was n lnger the 52 empire arund, r even in Mesptamia. Waves f nmadic（游牧） tribes pured int the 53 frm the nrth and east. In 2300 BCE, the Sumerian Empire was cnquered and 54 .
Afterward, Sumer disappeared back int the desert dirt, nt t be 55 until the 19th century.
41. A. permanently B. quickly C. patiently D. entirely
42. A. ccupied B. destryed C. lst D. attacked
43. A. separate B. interrupt C. redirect D. freeze
44. A. dry B. ryal C. awesme D. rich
45. A. wearing dwn B. springing up C. rising up D. breaking dwn
46. A. next B. last C. slw D. same
47. A. equipment B. basins C. walls D. bricks
48. A. emperrs B. universities C. cities D. palaces
49. A. law B. schl C. cnstructin D. labur
50. A. sciety B. childhd C. cmmunity D. parenthd
51. A. invented B. dismissed C. learned D. preserved
52. A. nly B. safe C. weak D. reliable
53. A. regin B. center C. river D. farm
54. A. strengthened B. saved C. surrunded D. verturned
55. A. rebuilt B. relcated C. rediscvered D. reunited
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shanghai Disney Resrt celebrated the 56 （ten） anniversary f its grundbreaking n Thursday, 57 President Je Schtt expressing great cnfidence in the resrt’s future. “We believe in the lng-term benefits f the China market. That’s 58 yu will see us cntinue t d,” Schtt says.
Since its pening, the Shanghai Disney Resrt 59 （set） many recrds, which include beating market 60 （expect） by welcming mre than 11 millin visitrs in its first year f peratins. The main features f the resrt saw rapid expansin f its peratins. The first majr expansin, Disney Pixar Ty Stry Land, pened n April 26, 2018, 61 （make） Shanghai Disneyland the fastest Disneyland in the wrld t expand after 62 （pen）. The secnd majr expansin is the Ztpia themed land, 63 is currently under cnstructin. It is als the first-ever Ztpia themed land at any Disney park in the wrld.
He Jianmin, a prfessr at the Shanghai University f Finance and Ecnmics, says the resrt has made a psitive impact n the industry, imprving service quality 64 innvating turism prducts. Shanghai plans t duble the number f scenic spts and turism prjects with mre than 10 millin visits 65 （annual） in 2025, as cmpared with last year. He hpes the Shanghai Disney Resrt culd be a new driver fr high-quality develpment f the turism industry.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66.假定你是李华，外籍心理学教授Mr Petersn正在做一个关于中学生学习压力现状的调查，作为调查对象，请你结合自身经历给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.原因及其影响；
2.压力缓解方式。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 参考词汇：压力 stress/ pressure
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr Petersn,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Almst every childhd memry I have is centered n fd. Telling stries arund a crwded table at hliday dinners , the smell f rasting vegetables, the sensatin（感受） f heat cming frm the kitchen, all picture a familiar feeling f lve and cmfrt.
My favrite memry f all is f my grandparents making and baking bread tgether. T this day, I have never tasted bread that is as delicius as theirs. N ther laf has ever been made with that kind f pwerful, uncnditinal lve.
When ur sn Brian, ne f seventh graders, began t refuse usual cmmunicatin with me, I felt desperate. Hw I missed thse lvely ld days when he culdn’t wait t tell me his stries in kindergarten the mment I arrived hme withut getting changed! And there were als times when he brught lads f strybks t me and demanded t be tld all the stries befre ging t bed. But I didn’t knw since when everything changed. There was hardly any sharing abut his daily schl life with friends r any truble abut his schlwrk. Mst f the time, his bedrm dr was clsed. The cld silence between us seemed t warn me that lve between us began t fade.
At that time, like mst mthers, I culdn’t fcus n wrk and culdn’t sleep well. Why did things g ff track s much? Was it because my wrk tk away mst f my energy that family lve was taken fr granted? Was it because my nly precius spare time went t much t my tw-year-ld baby daughter that Brian’s need fr my cmpany was ignred? The mre lreflected, the mre I felt myself t blame and it was my respnsibility t find a way ut.
One day, as my eyes landed nt the bread n the kitchen table, I was reminded f thse sweet childhd memries, “Culd fd help us make a change?” I wndered.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
With an uneasy feeling, I decided t try.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Mre than that, ne weekend evening, Brian ffered t help me in the kitchen.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
南雅中学2024年上期第三次月考答案
高二英语
听力：
1-5 ACCAA 6-10 BCBCA 11-15 CACC B 16-20 ABBAB
21-23 BBD 24-27 ACDA 28-31 CDBA 32-35 DCBC 36-40 BFEAC
41—45 DACAB 46—50 ADCBB 51—55 CAADC
56. tenth 57. with 58. what 59. has set 60. expectatins 61. making
62. pening/being pened 63. which 64. and 65. annually
阅读理解
A篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四所位于慕尼黑的大学。它们的共同特点是免收学费 21. B 细节理解题。根据 Munich University f Applied Sciences （MUAS）部分“It was established fllwing the merger f seven clleges f higher educatin.”可知，该大学由七所高校合并而成。故选 B。
22. B 细节理解题。根据 Ludwig Maximilian University （LMU）部分可知，该校建于1472年。结合其他三所大学的建立时间可知，Ludwig Maximilian University 是四所大学中历史最悠久的。故选 B。
23. D 细节理解题。根据 Academy f Media Arts Clgne（KHM）可知，KHM提供了一个特殊而独特的学习概念没有将电影、电视、艺术、设计和理论领域分开，而是将它们整合到一个单一的学习课程中，从而获得视听媒体文凭。故选 D。
【B篇大意】本文为记叙文。主题为“人与自我”。本文主要讲述作者斯蒂芬·金虽然经历了不幸的童年然而正是这种不幸的童年使得作者见证并积累了众多的写作素材，从而创作出旷世杰作
24. A【解析】推理判断题。作者经历了不幸的童年：2岁时父亲离家而去、见证母亲独自抚养作者及其哥哥的艰辛、亲历好友被火车撞倒离世、虽因病辍学，随后一年又不得已被征入伍等等，作者见证并积累了众多的写作素材，从而创作出旷世杰作。第三段最后一句… he did say that he was always fascinated by scary things 和最后一段第一句…when he published his first nvel “Carrie”, which is scary 也印证了这一推断,故答案为 A. Stephen’s unfrtunate childhd。干扰项为 B. His mm’s miserable experiences“他妈妈的不幸遭遇”，该答案为以偏概全类的答案。
25. C【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句It turned ut that ne f his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emtinal scar n him. 可知答案为C。
26. D 【解析】猜测词义题。由前一分句 King, later n, drpped ut f schl due t sme serius health cncerns“金后来因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学”可知这是一件令人泄气的事，又由定语从句 which demtivated him t 中的 t 一词可以推断 demtivated 意为Discuraged“使泄气”，故答案为 D. Discuraged.
27. A【解析】推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的she didn’t hire a babysitter, fr the kids used t read nvels t each ther s they wuld nt get bred 可知孩子们通过给彼此读故事来“自娱自乐”（entertain themselves）， 不需要成人照顾，故答案为 A. The children culd actually entertain themselves.
C篇【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了玛雅火车项目对环境和遗迹的破坏。
28. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Once the prject is cmpleted, the entire rail system will link turist destinatins acrss five states. Hwever, envirnmentalists and archaelgists argue that the train rute will cause great damage t the envirnment-and ancient Mayan sites.（一旦项目完成，整个铁路系统将连接五个州的旅游目的地。然而，环保主义者和考古学家认为，这条铁路线将对环境和古玛雅遗址造成巨大破坏。）”可知，玛雅火车项目引起了一些专业人士的担忧。故选 C 项。
29. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The train lines, mre than 60 meters wide, culd act as artificial barriers that may limit the mvement f these animals within the reserve making it difficult fr them t mve arund and access fd and water surces.（这些超过60 米宽的火车线可以作为人工屏障，限制这些动物在保护区内的活动，使它们难以四处走动，也难以获得食物和水源。）”可知，铁路限制了保护区的动物活动。故选 D 项。
30. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“’It’s like wanting t build ver eggshells,’says Guillerm Christy, a water treatment cnsultant.’Putting trains weighing thusands f tns n tp culd cause the undergrund caves t crash dwn.’T cnstruct the train infrastructure als requires driving lng piles deep int the grund, which pses a big threat t this fragile ecsystem and leads t water shrtages.（‘这就像想在蛋壳上盖房子一样’水处理顾问Guillerm Christy 说。 ‘把数千吨重的火车放在上面可能会导致地下洞穴坍塌。’建设铁路基础设施还需要将长桩深入地下，这对脆弱的生态系统构成了巨大威胁，并导致水资源短缺。）”可知，本段提到“蛋壳”是强调玛雅火车对含水层系统的潜在危害。故选 B 项。
31. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the nging debate f Maya Train, it is crucial t cnsider the delicate balance between ecnmic develpment and envirnmental preservatin. While Maya Train may prvide ecnmic benefits, we must nt verlk the ptential envirnmental and cultural lsses, as well as the safety risks it may bring. Achieving harmny between prgress and cnservatin may be a significant challenge fr the prject, but we must take int accunt the lng-term cnsequences f ur actins.（在正在进行的关于玛雅火车的辩论中，考虑经济发展和环境保护之间的微妙平衡是至关重要的。虽然玛雅火车可能提供经济效益，但我们不能忽视潜在的环境和文化损失，以及它可能带来的安全风险。实现进步和保护之间的和谐可能是该项目面临的重大挑战，但我们必须考虑到我们行动的长期后果。）”可知，作者认为经济发展不应该以牺牲环境为代价。故选 A 项。
D篇【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍动物学家通过研究证明感官信息可以促进机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂问题中的作用。
【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principle s f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence.（动物学家研究昆虫的神经系统，其目的是研究生物大脑计算的原理，以及对机器学习和人工智能可能产生的影响）”和最后一段的“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.（研究结果表明，将感官信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激发未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的应用）”推知，该研究的最终目的是促进机器学习和人工智能的应用。故选 D。
【33 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents（气味） cming frm the fd surce.（利用一个计算机模型，他们模拟并分析了果蝇神经系统对来自食物来源的气味的反应）”可知，动物学家通过使用一个计算机模型来进行研究。故选C。
【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段的“They initially trained their mdel f the fly brain inexactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the sim ulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward.（他们最初训练果蝇大脑模型的方式与在实验中训练昆虫的方式完全相同。他们在模拟实验中展示了一种特定的气味和一种奖励，以及一种没有奖励的气味）”，第四段的“The mdel rapidly learns a strng representatin f the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentatins and is then able t find the surce f this scent in a cmplex envirnment（这个模型只需展示几次气味，就能迅速学会对受奖励气味的强烈表达，然后就能在复杂的环境中找到这种气味的来源）”和第五段的“The mdel created is thus capable t generalize frm its memry and t apply what it has learned previusly in a cmpletely new and cmplex envirnment（因此，所创建的模型能够从其记忆中进行概括，并在一个全新复杂的环境中应用之前所学到的知识）”可知，3-5段主要介绍了实验的过程，包括实验初、实验中和实验得到的结果。故选 B。
【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.（研究结果表明，将感官信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激发未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的应用）”推知，感官信息可以用来解决复杂的任务。故选 C。
【七选五详解】
36. B。该句为承上启下的作用。第一段讲教育是生活中重要的一部分，从第二段开始讲为什么教育如此重要。第三段第一句als because 也起到了提示作用。
37. F。与前句形成呼应。教育不仅仅在课本中获得，还在生活中获得。
38. E。此处讲教育的第二个重要性。为梦想的实现做好准备。上句中提到了为事业敞开大门，提供机会，38空与上句是承接递进的关系，使我们事业和成长都有更好的前景。
39. A。本段的总起句。由下文可知，教育让我们不再困惑，不再幻想。
40. C。根据前后文的逻辑关系，教育不会随着学校教育的结束而结束，而是终身的过程。
【完形填空详解】本文为说明文，主要介绍历史上第一个帝国——苏美尔帝国的建立与衰亡。
41. D.entirely 历史上的第一个帝国地处一片炎热干燥的地区，那里既没有雨水灌溉农作物，也没有建造房屋的树木和石头。尽管如此，这里的居民依然建造出了世界上的第一批城市，有着宏伟壮观的建筑和庞大的人口——且这些城市完全是由泥土建造的。
42. A. ccupied 苏美尔位于当代伊拉克的南部， 地处美索不达米亚平原。
43. C. redirect
44. A.dry 早期的苏美人建造了水渠、水坝和水库，将河水引进这些极其干燥的大面积耕作土地。
45. B. springing up 像这样的农业社区逐渐在世界各地慢慢兴起。
46. A. next 苏美尔人是最早采取下一步行动的人。
47. D.bricks 他们开始利用由河泥制成的黏土砖建造高层住宅和神庙。
48. C. cities 在这些黏土砖上诞生了世界上第一座城市。
49. B.schl 苏美尔人随后创建了第一个学校系统，用来传授书写能力。
50. B. childhd 在学校，人们从童年直到成年，日复一日，从黎明到黄昏都在学习。
51. C. learned 他们学习会计、数学、抄写文学作品。
到了公元前3000年，苏美尔不再是世上，甚至不再是美索不达米亚的唯一帝国。
一群又一群的游牧部落从北部和东部涌入了苏美尔。
54. D. verturned公元前2300年, 苏美尔帝国被征服并推翻了。
55. C. rediscvered 此后，苏美尔便消失在茫茫的历史尘埃之中，直到19世纪才被重新发现。
【语法填词分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上海迪士尼度假区的发展情况。
【56题详解】考查序数词。句意：上海迪士尼度假区于周四庆祝了开业十周年，总裁薛逸骏先生表示对该度假区的未来充满信心。结合语意，表示“第十个周年纪念日”，空处应用序数词tenth, 表示“第十”。故填 tenth。
【57题详解】考查介词。句意：上海迪士尼度假区于周四庆祝了开业十周年，总裁薛逸骏先生表示对该度假区的未来充满信心。分析句子，空处应用介词 with，构成with的复合结构，在句中作伴随状语。故填 with。
【58题详解】考查连词。句意：你会看到我们继续这样做。分析句子，空处引导表语从句，连接词在从句中作 d的宾语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句。故填what。
【59题详解】考查时态。句意：自开业以来，上海迪士尼度假区创造了许多记录，其中包括在开业第一年接待了1100多万游客，超过了市场预期。句中since表示“自从”，表示从开业到现在创造了许多记录,应用现在完成时, 主语the Shanghai Disney Resrt是单数，谓语使用has set。故填 has set。
【60题详解】考查名词。句意：自开业以来，上海迪士尼度假区创造了许多记录，其中包括在开业第一年接待了1100多万游客，超过了市场预期。分析句子，空处应用名词expectatin，表示“期望”，作动词beat的宾语。故填 expectatin。
【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：第一个大规模扩建项目，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园于2018年4月26日开放，使上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园开放，自然而然就使得上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园，所以空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填 making。
【62题详解】考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：第一个大规模扩建项目，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园于2018年4月26日开放，使上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园。after是介词，表示“在……之后”，后边可接名词作宾语， pening是名词，表示“开放”，也可接动名词形式作宾语，pen与逻辑主语Shanghai Disneyland 之间是被动关系，应用 being pened。故填 pening 或 being pened。
【63题详解】考查定语从句。句意：第二个主要扩建项目是疯狂动物城主题公园，目前正在建设中。分析句子,空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Ztpia themed land，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用which 引导从句。故填 which。
【64题详解】考查连词。句意：上海财经大学何家敏教授说，度假村对该行业产生了积极影响，提高了服务质量，创新了旅游产品。结合语意，imprving service quality与innvating turism prducts 并列，应用并列连词and连接。故填 and。
【65题详解】考查副词。句意：上海计划在2025年每年将风景名胜区和旅游项目数量翻一番，与去年相比，游客超过1000万人次。分析句子，空处修饰句子，应用副词形式作状语，annually是副词，表示“每年地”。故填 annually。
应用文范文：
Dear Mr. Petersn,
It is a cmmn phenmenn that mdern high schl students have stress. My pressure mainly cmes frm the pressure f study. Academic pressure is undubtedly the main surce f high schl students’ psychlgical pressure. After entering high schl, the study burden is increased, which is manifested as the increase f subjects, and the deepening f curse. In my pinin, students shuld knw themselves crrectly and set a gd psitin fr themselves. Students shuldn’t exceed their upper limit level, nr give up n themselves, and have the spirit f “persistence is victry”.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。外籍心理学教授Mr Petersn正在做一个关于中学生学习压力现状的调查，作为调查对象，要求考生按照要求结合自身经历给他写一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
在我看来: in my pinin→fr m my perspective f view
无疑: undubtedly→withut dubt
进入: enter→ g int
增加: increase→grw
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句: In my pinin, students shuld knw themselves crrectly and set a gd psitin frthemselves.
拓展句: In my pinin, nt nly shuld students knw themselves crrectly, but als they shuldset a gd psitin fr themselves.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is a cmmn phenmenn that mdern high schl students have stress.（运用了 that 引导的同位语从句）
【高分句型2】After entering high schl, the study burden is increased, which is manifested asthe increase f subjects, and the deepening f curse.（运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
读后续写参考范文：
With an uneasy feeling, I decided t try. Just then it ccurred t me that the ther day Brian ever mentined that he lved the fried rice that I cked. I began preparing the cking material. When he gt hme frm schl, Brian was greeted by delicius fried rice n the table and a nte reading,“frm yur Mm wh lves yu frever” He was surprised and gave me a hug saying, “Thank yu, Mm.” Althugh Brian still had his dr clsed every day, I was greeted by mre brad smiles every time he came back frm schl.
Mre than that, ne weekend evening, Brian ffered t help me in the kitchen. When we were preparing his favrite fried rice tgether, Brian came t me and lked at me in the eyes saying, “Mm, althugh I made yu unhappy, I lve yu in my deep heart just as I lve fried rice.” I cried that night fr nearly half an hur because I gt my Brian back again.
听力原文：
Text 1 一位导演
W: Esther lks calm as she faces the press.
M: After all, she has had many such experiences. The dcumentary she filmed abut a ballet schl has becme a hit again.
Text 2 摆脱思维定势
M: What did Sarah mean by “thinking utside the bx” just nw?
W: Well, she suggested we explre different ideas — finding new slutins beynd the usual methds.
M: Gt it. I believe it needs a team effrt. It wuld be best if everyne shared the respnsibility f bringing fresh perspectives.
Text 3 寒冷天气
W: Eric, have yu nticed that the grund utside is frzen slid?
M: Really? I didn’t knw that.
W: Yeah, it feels like the Nrth Ple ut here. I wasn’t expecting it t be this chilly. I need t drink sme ht water t warm myself.
Text 4 招新人
M: Hey, Chle! We need sme new bld. Culd yu please draft a jb advertisement?
W: Sure, Greg. What details shuld it include?
M: Just cver the psitin, qualificatins and the applicatin prcess. And the deadline fr hiring is next Friday. Thanks a bunch!
Text 6 救济厨房
W: Have yu heard abut the sup kitchen in ur cmmunity?
M: Yeah, I heard they’re prviding meals fr thse in need. Are yu planning t vlunteer?
W: Sure. It’s a great way t give back t the cmmunity. D yu want t jin me?
M: Yu bet!
Text 5 日程规划
W: Gd afternn, Mr. Warren.⑥⑦I want t brief yu n tmrrw’s schedule.
M: OK. Please g ahead.
W: ⑥In the mrning, yu will have a strategy meeting with the marketing team at 10:00. Then, yu will have lunch with the client Ms. Carey at nn.
M: ⑦What abut the afternn?
W: ⑦There will be a cnference call with the internatinal partners at 3:00, fllwed by a budget review meeting at 4:30. I’ve arranged everything including yur materials.
M: Thank yu, Jane. Please ensure all the dcuments are in rder fr the meetings.
Text 7 在飞机上闲聊 （第8题为推断题）
M: Hey, I guess it’s yur bk. It drpped right at my ft.
W: Oh, yeah. Thank yu. I just dzed ff. The night flight can be really tiring. I’m Anna. Nice t meet yu.
M: Nice t meet yu, t. I’m Chandler.⑨Are yu flying t France fr travel?
W: Yes. I’ll travel with my friends and g shpping.⑨And yu?
M: ⑨Just fr wrk. Yu knw, the usual wrk-related trip.
W: I see. Yu lk like an Asian. Are yu frm Thailand?
M: Yu’re half right. My mther is Thai, but I’m frm Lndn. Where are yu frm?
W: ⑩I’m frm Amsterdam.
M: Ah, Amsterdam.⑩It is the capital and the mst ppulated city f the Netherlands.
W: ⑩Spt n! Have yu been t the Netherlands?
M: Yes, I was there fr traveling.
Text8 买二手车
W: Hell, ⑫I’m Jessica James. ⑪Yu must be Dylan Warren.
M: ⑪Yes. Glad t meet yu!
W: Glad t meet yu, t. Let’s get dwn t business. ⑪Hw ld is yur car?
M: ⑪Fur years ld, with 46,000 miles n it. It has pwer windws, autmatic lcks, a car audi system, air cnditining and new tires.
W: I see. Well, was that scratch frm a car accident?
M: N, I gt it when parking.
W: Can I take a test drive?
M: Sure.
W: Okay... The suspensins seem excellent. The brakes are OK. ⑫Hwever, the engine desn’t sund gd. Anyway, ⑬what’s yur asking price? $ 5,500?
M: I will take it t a garage fr a thrugh check. ⑬If everything is fine, I think $6,500 wuld be gd.
W: Cme n. There is a scratch. And I’m nt sure if it had a serius accident. Let’s make a deal — $6,000, kay?
M: I’m srry I can’t accept that.
W: Well, give me a call if yu change yur mind.
Text9 中国武术
W: Aarn, d yu knw anything abut Chinese martial arts?
M: Abslutely! There’s s much diversity in Chinese martial arts.
W: Yeah. ⑭I lve tai chi best fr its graceful mvements and health benefits. Hw abut yu?
M: It’s hard t pick just ne. I lve Shalin kung fu. And I’m int Wing Chun. The fcus n clse-range cmbat and efficiency is impressive. ⑮Besides, drunken bxing is als attractive. The appeal lies in its uniquely entertaining cmbinatin f smth, unpredictable mvements and cmedic elements.
W: I see yu really like Chinese martial arts. ⑯S hw d yu view the imprtance f Chinese martial arts?
M: ⑯Well, apart frm self-defense, they are deeply rted in Chinese culture, prmting discipline and respect.
W: ⑯Yeah, and they als reflect Chinese philsphy. The yin-yang cncept is evident in the balance between ffense and defense.
Wing Chun：咏春拳，是一门中国传统武术，是一个积极、精简的正当防卫的拳术。较其他中国传统武术，咏春拳更专注于尽快制服对手，以此将当事人的损害降至最低。
drunken bxing：醉拳，是模仿醉汉动作的一种传统拳术。这种拳打起来很像是醉汉酒后跌跌撞撞、摇摇摆摆的样子，但实际上是形醉意不醉。醉拳是由严格的武术手法、步法、身法等组成的套路，既有实用价值，又有很高的艺术性。
Text 10 寓教于乐
W: ⑱Isidra Djuki c is a bilgy and chemistry student at Jhn Carrll University. ⑰She never thught that ne day she wuld be in a classrm where an English prfessr asked her t play a bard game t learn abut climate change.
Djuki c is taking a bilgy class called Climate Change: Glbal Impacts. ⑰At the same time, she is taking an English class called Envirnmental Literature. Her university requires students t take tw cnnected classes that examine the same subject in different ways.
⑰Debra Rsenthal is the English prfessr. ⑱At first, Djuki c said she was uncertain abut Rsenthal’s bard game idea. “I was just thinking the idea culd be interesting. But hw fun is this idea actually ging t be? Can we really learn abut climate change just by playing a bard game? What specifically can we get frm such a game?”
⑲⑳Rsenthal bught six cpies f a game called “Slutins”. The gal is t pick cards and then add them t the game bard in a way that helps reduce glbal temperatures. ⑲Students d nt cmpete against each ther. They wrk tgether and try t cme up with a slutin s that the planet is nt destryed. The game is different frm sme ther bard games such as “Mnply”, where the gal is t win.
Students read materials and then discuss their ideas. ⑳In mst classes, Rsenthal said, students laughed, disagreed and had t call fr vtes as a way t decide hw t mve frward in the game. Djukic said it was a way t have fun while als learning abut such a serius subject.