2024年北京市丰台区高三下学期高考一模英语试卷含详解

这是一份2024年北京市丰台区高三下学期高考一模英语试卷含详解，共27页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I hadn’t seen Anne in nearly 20 years since cllege yet we culd still party like ld times. It was great t have her here, ___1___ ur lives.
She was lking at the few blms (花) left in my yard. I hadn’t planted much after lsing my jb. It had been a ___2___ year fr me. Just when I thught I was dne with the bitterness, it wuld all cme rushing back and the ___3___ thing n my mind was flwers.
“One f my hbbies is taking phts f ___4___,” she said and steadied herself near the last rse f the seasn. I shrugged (耸肩), wndering why anyne wuld ___5___ taking time t lk at a lwly rse.
Suddenly a ht sng rang frm her cell phne. “I set it t remind me t take my medicine,” she said calmly.
“An ___6___ fr medicine?” I laughed. “Are we that ld?”
“Fr my brain,” she smiled. “I have been diagnsed with a rare cancer, a small tumr (肿块) n bigger than yur fingernail,” she laughed sftly. That was Anne—ever ___7___. Even cancer was n mre than jking abut.
S ___8___ that I was beynd wrds.
Later next day, an e-mail filled with the flwer phts ppped up frm Anne—clear and beautiful. She had gtten past the anger, the pity and unfairness, taking ne mment at a time and plishing it until it ___9___.
I shifted my eye t utside, and I had her flwers in full blm. Actually, I always had them, but it was Anne wh gt me t really ____10____ them.
1. A. savingB. watchingC. sharingD. cntrlling
2. A. nrmalB. newC. satisfyingD. difficult
3. A. lastB. sameC. nlyD. right
4. A. yardsB. flwersC. partiesD. peple
5. A. btherB. avidC. missD. stp
6. A. awardB. rderC. alarmD. idea
7. A. ptimisticB. attractiveC. hard-wrkingD. cnfident
8. A. nervusB. shckedC. relaxedD. lucky
9. A. endedB. failedC. shinedD. fruited
10. A. arrangeB. trustC. clurD. appreciate
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，
在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese restaurants have played an imprtant rle in different ___11___ (cuntry) wrldwide, where there can be specialized versins f Chinese fd. Fr example,General Ts’s chicken, ___12___ (name)after Ts Tsung-tang, a military leader f the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans lve t eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviusly, the recipe___13___ (change) a lt t suit different reginal tastes, leading t variatins in the cking methd used.
B
阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being able t understand lcal jkes is ften seen as a great icebreaker fr a freign language learner___14___tries t start friendships with native speakers. Hwever,when ___15___ (study)a freign language,a beginner always cnsiders jkes hard t understand.Mst f the time,jkes are nly funny fr peple wh share acultural backgrund r understand humr in the same way.And there is___16___ (much) t understanding a jke in a freign language than understanding vcabulary and grammar.
C
阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
The dinner party is ___17___ threat, annunced a recent lifestyle clumn in The Times. Yu might wnder, “Hw can this be? Dn’t we thrw parties fr friends n special ccasins?” But ___18___ The Times wrries abut is anther kind f disappearing. It is usually hsted in ne’s hme. Invitatins ___19___ (send) ut weeks in advance and the hsts prepare fd ___20___ (careful). Yet nwadays, peple prefer t eat takeut fd n their sfa while juggling a mbile phne and a remte cntrl.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In Thailand, human-elephant cnflict is increasing. T lcal farmers, elephants threaten their safety and ecnmic livelihd.
Bring the Elephant Hme (BTEH) is a nn-prfit rganisatin whse missin is t increase chances f survival fr elephants and wrk twards a wrld in which peple and elephants can live in harmny, benefting frm each ther’s existence. BTEH’s prjects rt in lcal cmmunities. Their wrk is characterised by three principles:lcal invlvement, a healthy eclgy, and benefits fr peple and elephants simultaneusly (同时地). They lead t shared decisin making, wnership f lcal cmmunities, sustainability, and a peaceful cexistence f peple and animals.
A grup f BTEH researchers and lcal farmer vlunteers are experimenting with hw t make the plantatins less appealing t elephants and prevent them frm cming int the farms. And the Tm Yum Prject cmes int being.
The name f the Tm Yum Prject cmes frm the Thai sup. The ingredients (原料) fr the sup are chilli, garlic, lemngrass, and nin—nne f which are attractive t elephants. This prject gives hpe t alternative crps as a slutin t human-elephant cnflict in Thailand. The prject wrks in the fllwing steps.
The Tm Yum Prject is the first research and cmmunity-based alternative crp planting initiative t prmte human-elephant cexistence. Nw, sme similar prjects will be carried ut in Sri Lanka.
21. Accrding t the passage, BTEH’s missin is t
A. develp rural cmmunitiesB. create healthy envirnments
C. imprve lcal ecnmic livelihdD. prmte human-elephant cexistence
22. In the Tm Yum Prject, researchers and lcal farmers_______.
A. frm sme guarding teamsB. vlunteer t cllect ingredients
C. experiment with alternative crpsD. prvide elephants with the Thai sup
23. In which step d farmers turn the harvested crps int rganic hney r teas?
A. Step 2.B. Step 3.C. Step 4.D. Step 5.
B
Tw-Man Irnman
On Sept.17, 2022, Jeff and his sn, Jhnny, set ut t begin the first f three legs f the Irnman cmpetitin,where cmpetitrs must cmplete a 140 miles f swimming, bicycling and running in under 17 hurs. Nt that lng ag, Jhnny culd barely walk a few steps because he was brn with cerebral palsy (脑瘫). But his dream f being a runner never stpped.
Frm the day Jhnny was brn, Jeff refused t let his sn’s disability hld him back. Determined t shw Jhnny that he culd pursue his dream f being an athlete, Jeff helped him engage in running. They began waking up at 4 a.m. s Jeff culd run while pushing his sn in a special wheelchair called a racing chair. Every mrning, they drve themselves t run increasingly lnger distances. Sn, they were entering 5K races, then n t Irnman cmpetitin. Jeff wuld act as Jhnny’s arms and legs, carrying the weight f his sn thrughut the race.
The race began with a 2.4-mile swim. Settling Jhnny int a kayak, Jeff eased himself int the water. Swimming while dragging anther persn was very tugh. But wrst f all, Jeff had t struggle with jellyfish. “I ccupied my mind by cunting the number f times I gt stung (蛰),” he says.
After the tw men cmpleted the tugh bike sectin in rughly nine hurs they set their sights n the final leg f the race — a 26.2-mile marathn. They’d been cmpeting fr 10.5 hurs, leaving anther 6.5 hurs t make their time.But at Mile 19, Jhnny saw the clck ticking dwn and wrried they wuldn’t make the cutff. Despite the tiredness, Jeff was cnvinced they were ging all right and then picked up the pace.
With minutes left and 200 feet t the finish line, Jeff stpped t help Jhnny ut f his racing chair and handed him his rlling walker. After years f painstaking wrk, Jhnny was determined t finish his races n his wn. After 16 hurs, 55 minutes and 35secnds,the father and sn crssed the finish line tgether.
As the crwd cheered n an verwhelmed Jhnny, a weary Jeff kept a lw prfle. “My father didn’t want his finish line mment,” says Jhnny, tears in eyes. “He wanted it t be mine.”
24. Why did Jeff lead Jhnny t running?
A. T get clser t Jhnny.B. T fulfill Jhnny’s dream.
C. T discver Jhnny’s interest.D. T speed up Jhnny’s recvery.
25. What challenged Jeff mst in the swimming race?
A. Lack f energy.B. Pain frm injuries.
C. Mental tiredness.D. Bdy weight change.
26. Which f the fllwing can best describe Jhnny accrding t the passage?
A Strng-willed and grateful.B. Warm-hearted and sensitive.
C. Patient and generus.D. Tugh and humrus.
27. What des the passage mainly tell us?
A. Actins speak luder than wrds.B. Fathers are nt brn; they are made.
C. The value f a lving father has n price.D. Success cmes frm failures alng the jurney.
C
Time is ne f humanity’s greatest blind spts. We experience it as days, mnths r years. But nature functins n much grander scales, measured in centuries, and even lnger phases ften gruped as “deep time.” Humanity’s shrtsightedness arund time creates majr limits n mdern cnservatin. As the climate and bidiversity crises accelerate, we are urgently wrking t prtect and regenerate ecsystems withut understanding hw they functined when they were truly ding well. A deep time perspective can help change that.
Take frest management. Fr decades, ur practices called fr all-ut preventin f even the mildest frest fires, believing that fire was bad fr bth peple and nnhuman nature. Until recently we ignred the frest management strategies indigenus (土著的) cmmunities had successfully used fr centuries, in particular the applicatin f small-scale cntrlled burns. Fire, it turns ut, has always been an integral ingredient in healthy frest ecsystems, prmting new grwth by thinning the understry. Tday, we’re beginning t see widespread applicatin f indigenus knwledge t frest management, tapping int this ancient wisdm.
But hw can we knw what an ecsystem lked like centuries ag? One pathway is thrugh mdern mathematical mdeling. We have married it with streams f lng-term data and discvered a pssible way t preserve the ecsystem f Califrnia’s kelp frest. By examining hw Nrth Pacific kelp frests existed lng befre the 19th century, we fund that we’ve ignred the presence f a keystne species—the Steller’s sea cw, and its rle in maintaining the harmny f this ecsystem.
Our mdel described the interactins between giant kelp and understry algae cmpeting fr light and space n the seaflr. Then we ran the mdel again, but this time with the Steller’s sea cw added in. These mammals fed n the leaves frm the upper kelp layers. This allwed light t reach the sea bttm, which in turn stimulated the grwth f nt nly the kelp but ther kinds f rganisms. In re-creating that vanished histrical system that included the Steller’s sea cw, we culd see a mre diverse frestwhere the understry cmpeted better with kelp
In shrt, what we assume we knw abut an ecsystem based n the recent past may impede ur ability t fully understand and prtect it. T ensure that ur bldest cnservatin effrts are successful, we must begin lking at time as an essential tl.
28. Accrding t the passage, what gets in the way f human’s cnservatin effrts?
A. Lack f insights int deep timeB. The wrsening f bidiversity crises
C. The blindness t management strategies.D. Resistance t taking a deep time perspective.
29. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Ignring the Steller’s sea cw led t eclgical imbalance.
B. Peple nw priritize fire preventin ver cntrlled burns.
C. Mathematical mdeling matters mre than indigenus knwledge
D. Harvesting upper kelp leaves encurages fresh grwth in the understry.
30. What des the underlined wrd “impede” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Bring frth.B. Bst up.C. Shut dwn.D. Hld back.
D
Several dzen graduate students in Lndn were recently tasked with utwitting a large language mdel (LLM), a type f AI designed t hld useful cnversatins. LLMs are ften prgrammed with guardrails designed t stp them giving harmful replies: instructins n making bmbs in a bathtub, say, r the cnfident statement f “facts” that are nt actually true.
The aim f the task was t break thse guardrails. Sme results were merely stupid. Fr example, ne participant gt the chatbt t claim ducks culd be used as indicatrs f air quality. But the mst successful effrts were thse that made the machine prduce the titles, publicatin dates and hst jurnals f nn-existent academic articles.
AI has the ptential t be a big benefit t science. Optimists talk f machines prducing readable summaries f cmplicated areas f research; tirelessly analysing ceans f data t suggest new drugs and even, ne day, cming up with hyptheses f their wn. But AI cmes with dwnsides, t.
Start with the simplest prblem: academic miscnduct.Sme jurnals allw researchers t use LLMs t help write papers. But nt everybdy is willing t admit t it. Smetimes, the fact that LLMs have been used is bvius. Guillaume Cabanac, a cmputer scientist, has uncvered dzens f papers that cntain phrases such as “regenerate respnse” — the text f a buttn in sme versins f ChatGPT that cmmands the prgram t rewrite its mst recent answer, prbably cpied int the manuscript (原稿) by mistake.
Anther prblem arises when AI mdels are trained n AI-generated data. LLMs are trained n text frm the Internet. As they churn ut (大量炮制) mre such text, the risk f LLMs taking in their wn utputs grws. That can cause “mdel cllaps”. In 2023 llia Shumailv, a cmputer scientist, c-authred a paper in which a mdel was fed handwritten digits and asked t generate digits f its wn, which were fed back t it in turn. After a few cycles, the cmputer’s numbers became mre r less illegible.After 20iteratins (迭代), it culd prduce nly rugh circles r blurry lines.
Sme wrry that cmputer-generated insights might cme frm mdels whse inner wrkings are nt understd. Inexplainable mdels are nt useless, says David Leslie at an AI-research utfit in Lndn, but their utputs will need rigrus testing in the real wrld. That is perhaps less unnerving than it sunds. Checking mdels against reality is what science is suppsed t be abut, after all.
Fr nw, at least, questins utnumber answers. The threats that machines pse t the scientific methd are, at the end f the day, the same nes psed by humans. AI culd accelerate the prductin f nnsense just as much as it accelerates gd science. As the Ryal Sciety has it,nullius in verba: take nbdy’s wrd fr it. N thing’s, either.
31. The result f the task cnducted in Lndn shws that ________.
A. LLMs give away useful infrmatinB. the guardrails turn ut t be ineffective
C. AI’s influence will ptentially be decreasedD. the effrt put int the study f AI hardly pays ff
32. What des “mdel cllapse” indicate?
A. The readability f the mdels’utput is underestimated.
B. The diverse surces f infrmatin cnfuse the mdels.
C. Training n regenerated data stps mdels wrking well.
D. The data will becme reliable after cntinuus iteratins.
33. Accrding t the passage, peple’s wrry ver the inexplainable mdels is __________.
A. impracticalB. unjustifiedC. grundlessD. unsettling
34. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Faster Nnsense: AI Culd Als G Wrng
B. Imperfect Mdels: Hw Will AI Make Advances?
C. The Rise f LLMs: AI Culd Still Be Prmising
D. Bigger Threats: AI Will Be Uncntrllable
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Find yur passin!” When discussing future career ptins r selecting a majr in cllege, yur parents ften say this. The very expressin is meant t inspire. But is it gd advice?
“Finding” a passin implies that it already exists and is simply waiting t be discvered. Unfrtunately, this idea is nt what science tells us. ___35___
T study this, researchers use a framewrk f “fixed” and “grwth” mindsets.They argue that encuraging peple t “find” their passin may cause them t eventually believe that interests and passins are inbrn and relatively unchangeable. ___36___ In cntrast, peple wh view interests and passins as develped have a grwth mindset f interest.
Researchers have revealed that a fixed mindset f interest can decrease creativity. If peple believe they are limited t nly a few inbrn interests and, in cnsequence, d nt explre ther areas, they may miss seeing imprtant cnnectins acrss dmains. ___37___
Evidently, peple can d a lt t embrace a grwth mindset f interest. First, realize that yur interests and passins aren’t pre-existing. Take an active rle in develping yur passins. Secnd, practise psitive self-talk. When yu lack interest in a new task, pay attentin t yur inner dialgue. ___38___Fr example, change “I’m nt interested in this” t “I’m nt interested in this yet, but I knw that interest can develp with time and engagement.”
___39___But a grwth mindset f interest will help yu remain pen and curius. The science tells us we shuld wrk tward lving what we d. We might becme mre creative and resilient as a result.
A. S can a grwth mindset f interest be taught?
B. Instead passins, like interests, are develped.
C. Peple wh think this have a fixed mindset f interest.
D. Of curse, nt every activity will becme a burning passin.
E. As such,seeing interests as fixed limits their creative ptential.
F. Dn’t expect that pursuing new interests will always be easy r exciting.
G. Replace self-critical thughts with psitive nes that encurage grwth and learning.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In rder t fit in and make friends in a new schl, Amanda bserved hw her classmates behaved and interacted with each ther. Gradually, she perfectly adpted the mannerisms f the classmates arund her, laughing at their jkes, ndding in agreement with their pinins, hiding herself int smene she thught thers wanted her t be. We’ve all dne these. This is scial masking, the prcess f hlding back r hiding ur natural way f interacting with thers s we can feel accepted.
In a wrld that ften tells us t just be urselves, yu might wnder why many f us rely n scial masking. “Scial masking happens because we as a species want t be included,” says psychlgist Dipti Tait. “It’s a tribal (群体的) thing f being tgether rather than being n ur wn. We all have certain masks t prtect urselves frm expsure and difference.” While masking can help us deal with scial situatins, it can als cme with negative cnsequences. Hiding ur behaviurs and interests cnstantly can lead t a strng feeling f separatin, discnnectin, and internal cnflict. As a result, we may experience a heightened and increased pssibility f develping depressin as westruggle t understand scial situatins and signs that thers take fr granted.
Frtunately, a mask is nt ur wn skin. We may feel extremely tired after scial engagements and want t spend time alne in rder t feel like urselves. “The gal is t feel safe enugh t remve the mask,” says Tait. “It’s crucial fr individuals t receive acceptance and supprt fr wh they are, rather than feeling like they need t hide their true selves in rder t fit in.”
40. What is scial masking?
_____________________________________________________________
41. Why d many f us rely n scial masking?
_____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement then underline it and explain why.
When peple struggle t understand scial situatins that thers cnsider nrmal, they will feel less depressed.
_____________________________________________________________
43. In additin t masking, what else can yu d t fit in when yu are in a new envirnment? (In abut 40 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Chris想了解不同颜色在中国文化中的涵义。请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.颜色及其涵义；
2.生活中的实例。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua
北京市丰台区2023－2024学年度第二学期综合练习(一)
高三英语
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I hadn’t seen Anne in nearly 20 years since cllege, yet we culd still party like ld times. It was great t have her here, ___1___ ur lives.
She was lking at the few blms (花) left in my yard. I hadn’t planted much after lsing my jb. It had been a ___2___ year fr me. Just when I thught I was dne with the bitterness, it wuld all cme rushing back and the ___3___ thing n my mind was flwers.
“One f my hbbies is taking phts f ___4___,” she said and steadied herself near the last rse f the seasn. I shrugged (耸肩), wndering why anyne wuld ___5___ taking time t lk at a lwly rse.
Suddenly a ht sng rang frm her cell phne. “I set it t remind me t take my medicine,” she said calmly.
“An ___6___ fr medicine?” I laughed. “Are we that ld?”
“Fr my brain,” she smiled. “I have been diagnsed with a rare cancer, a small tumr (肿块) n bigger than yur fingernail,” she laughed sftly. That was Anne—ever ___7___. Even cancer was n mre than jking abut.
S ___8___ that I was beynd wrds.
Later next day, an e-mail filled with the flwer phts ppped up frm Anne—clear and beautiful. She had gtten past the anger, the pity and unfairness, taking ne mment at a time and plishing it until it ___9___.
I shifted my eye t utside, and I had her flwers in full blm. Actually, I always had them, but it was Anne wh gt me t really ____10____ them.
1. A. savingB. watchingC. sharingD. cntrlling
2. A. nrmalB. newC. satisfyingD. difficult
3. A. lastB. sameC. nlyD. right
4. A. yardsB. flwersC. partiesD. peple
5. A. btherB. avidC. missD. stp
6. A. awardB. rderC. alarmD. idea
7. A. ptimisticB. attractiveC. hard-wrkingD. cnfident
8. A. nervusB. shckedC. relaxedD. lucky
9. A. endedB. failedC. shinedD. fruited
10. A. arrangeB. trustC. clurD. appreciate
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者和好友20年后相聚时分享生活，Anne得了癌症却仍然乐观的生活，并且她会欣赏美丽的花，而作者会沉浸在痛苦中，Anne让作者真正懂得了要欣赏自己种的那些花。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：能有她在这里，分享我们的生活真是太好了。A. saving节省，拯救；B. watching观看；C. sharing分享；D. cntrlling控制。根据“I hadn’t seen Anne in nearly 20 years since cllege, yet we culd still party like ld times.”可知，20年后好友重逢，应该是一起分享生活。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是艰难的一年。A. nrmal正常的；B. new新的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. difficult困难的；艰难的。根据“I hadn’t planted much after lsing my jb.”和“Just when I thught I was dne with the bitterness”可知，作者失去工作，感到痛苦，因此对她来说这是艰难的一年。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在我以为我已经摆脱了这种痛苦的时候，它又会涌上心头，我脑海中最后浮现的就是花。A. last最后的；B. same相同的；C. nly仅有的，唯一的；D. right正确的。根据“Just when I thught I was dne with the bitterness, it wuld all cme rushing back”可知，作者总是沉浸在痛苦中，因此最后想到的才是花。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我的一个爱好是给花拍照，”她说着，在这一季最后一朵玫瑰旁边站稳了脚跟。A. yards院子；B. flwers花；C. parties聚会；D. peple人们。根据“I shrugged (耸肩), wndering why anyne wuld ___5___ taking time t lk at a lwly rse.”可知，此处指给花拍照片。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我耸了耸肩，不明白为什么有人会花时间去看一朵不起眼的玫瑰。A. bther打扰，使烦恼；B. avid避免；C. miss错过；D. stp停止。根据“the ___3___ thing n my mind was flwers.”和“I shrugged (耸肩)”可知，作者觉得花时间看花是很麻烦的事。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“吃药的闹钟？”我笑了。A. award奖品；B. rder顺序，命令；C. alarm警报，闹钟；D. idea主意。根据““I set it t remind me t take my medicine,” she said calmly.”可知，此处表示Anne设置闹钟提醒自己吃药。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是安妮一贯的乐观。A. ptimistic乐观的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. hard-wrking努力工作的，勤劳的；D. cnfident自信的。根据““I have been diagnsed with a rare cancer, a small tumr (肿块) n bigger than yur fingernail,” she laughed sftly.”可知，Anne坦然的面对自己的疾病，因此她是乐观的。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我震惊得说不出话来。A. nervus紧张的；B. shcked震惊的；C. relaxed放松的；D. lucky幸运的。根据“I have been diagnsed with a rare cancer”可知，听说Anne患有癌症，作者感到震惊。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她已经克服了愤怒、怜悯和不公平，一次又一次地打磨它，直到它闪闪发光。A. ended结束；B. failed失败；C. shined发光，把……照向；D. fruited使结果实。根据“taking ne mment at a time and plishing it”可知，一次又一次的打磨是为了让它发光。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我一直都拥有它们，但是安妮让我真正懂得欣赏它们。A. arrange安排；B. trust信任；C. clur给……上色；D. appreciate欣赏，感激。根据上文““One f my hbbies is taking phts f ___4___,””可知，Anne让作者懂得欣赏自己种的那些花。故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，
在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese restaurants have played an imprtant rle in different ___11___ (cuntry) wrldwide, where there can be specialized versins f Chinese fd. Fr example,General Ts’s chicken, ___12___ (name)after Ts Tsung-tang, a military leader f the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans lve t eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviusly, the recipe___13___ (change) a lt t suit different reginal tastes, leading t variatins in the cking methd used.
【答案】11. cuntries
12. named 13. has changed##changes
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍世界上很多国家都有中餐馆，但为了适应当地人的口味，有些中餐的食谱发生了很大的变化。
【11题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：中国餐馆在世界上不同的国家扮演着重要的角色，在那些国家可能有特别版本的中国食物。cuntry“国家”是可数名词，被different修饰，应用其复数形式，作宾语。故填cuntries。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，以清朝军事领袖左宗棠的名字命名的左宗棠鸡，是美国人喜欢吃的，因为它是甜的，油炸的。分析可知，空处为名词General Ts’s chicken的后置定语，故name应用非谓语动词形式；General Ts’s chicken和“以……命名”之间为被动关系，name应用过去分词。故填named。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：显然，为了适应不同地区的口味，食谱会发生很大的变化，这就导致了烹饪方法的变化。空处为句子谓语动词；此处可看作过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，也可看作陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语the recipe是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has changed/changes。
B
阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being able t understand lcal jkes is ften seen as a great icebreaker fr a freign language learner___14___tries t start friendships with native speakers. Hwever,when ___15___ (study)a freign language,a beginner always cnsiders jkes hard t understand.Mst f the time,jkes are nly funny fr peple wh share acultural backgrund r understand humr in the same way.And there is___16___ (much) t understanding a jke in a freign language than understanding vcabulary and grammar.
【答案】14. wh
15. studying
16. mre
【导语】这是一段说明文。文章提到能听懂当地的笑话，可以更好的学习当地的语言，与当地人建立联系。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：对于试图与母语人士建立友谊的外语学习者来说，能够听懂当地的笑话通常被视为一个很好的破冰器。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词language leaner（语言学习者）为人，且从句中缺少主语，因此可使用关系代词wh在从句中作主语。故填wh。
15题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：然而，在学习一门外语时，初学者总是认为笑话很难理解。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语cnsiders（认为），空处应使用非谓语，主语a beginner（初学者）与study（学习）之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词表示主动。故填studying。
【16题详解】
考查比较级。句意：理解一个笑话比理解词汇和语法要复杂得多。分析句子结构可知，空处用来强调理解笑话的过程比单纯的词汇和语法理解要复杂，可使用much比较级mre修饰。根据than，也可知答案。故填mre。
【点睛】
C
阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
The dinner party is ___17___ threat, annunced a recent lifestyle clumn in The Times. Yu might wnder, “Hw can this be? Dn’t we thrw parties fr friends n special ccasins?” But ___18___ The Times wrries abut is anther kind f disappearing. It is usually hsted in ne’s hme. Invitatins ___19___ (send) ut weeks in advance and the hsts prepare fd ___20___ (careful). Yet nwadays, peple prefer t eat takeut fd n their sfa while juggling a mbile phne and a remte cntrl.
【答案】17. under
18. what 19. are sent
20. carefully
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称，晚宴正在消失并解释了晚宴消失的一些原因。
【17题详解】
考查介词。句意：《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称，晚宴受到了威胁。under threat为固定搭配，意为“受到威胁”。故填under。
【18题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：但《纽约时报》担心的是另一种消失。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【19题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：邀请函会提前几周发出，主人会精心准备食物。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，Invitatins和send ut为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are sent。
【20题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词prepare，需用副词carefully，作状语。故填carefully。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In Thailand, human-elephant cnflict is increasing. T lcal farmers, elephants threaten their safety and ecnmic livelihd.
Bring the Elephant Hme (BTEH) is a nn-prfit rganisatin whse missin is t increase chances f survival fr elephants and wrk twards a wrld in which peple and elephants can live in harmny, benefting frm each ther’s existence. BTEH’s prjects rt in lcal cmmunities. Their wrk is characterised by three principles:lcal invlvement, a healthy eclgy, and benefits fr peple and elephants simultaneusly (同时地). They lead t shared decisin making, wnership f lcal cmmunities, sustainability, and a peaceful cexistence f peple and animals.
A grup f BTEH researchers and lcal farmer vlunteers are experimenting with hw t make the plantatins less appealing t elephants and prevent them frm cming int the farms. And the Tm Yum Prject cmes int being.
The name f the Tm Yum Prject cmes frm the Thai sup. The ingredients (原料) fr the sup are chilli, garlic, lemngrass, and nin—nne f which are attractive t elephants. This prject gives hpe t alternative crps as a slutin t human-elephant cnflict in Thailand. The prject wrks in the fllwing steps.
The Tm Yum Prject is the first research and cmmunity-based alternative crp planting initiative t prmte human-elephant cexistence. Nw, sme similar prjects will be carried ut in Sri Lanka.
21. Accrding t the passage, BTEH’s missin is t
A. develp rural cmmunitiesB. create healthy envirnments
C. imprve lcal ecnmic livelihdD. prmte human-elephant cexistence
22. In the Tm Yum Prject, researchers and lcal farmers_______.
A. frm sme guarding teamsB. vlunteer t cllect ingredients
C. experiment with alternative crpsD. prvide elephants with the Thai sup
23. In which step d farmers turn the harvested crps int rganic hney r teas?
A. Step 2.B. Step 3.C. Step 4.D. Step 5.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍泰国一个非盈利组织BTEH为了促进人像和谐共存开发了Tm Yum Prject，鼓励农民种植对大象吸引力小的替代作物，同时也让农民可以生产有机产品。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Bring the Elephant Hme (BTEH) is a nn-prfit rganisatin whse missin is t increase chances f survival fr elephants and wrk twards a wrld in which peple and elephants can live in harmny, benefting frm each ther’s existence. (“把大象带回家”(BTEH)是一个非营利性组织，其使命是增加大象的生存机会，并努力建立一个人与大象和谐相处，相互受益的世界)”可知，BTEH的任务是促进人和大象的和谐共处。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“This prject gives hpe t alternative crps as a slutin t human-elephant cnflict in Thailand.(这个项目为泰国解决人象冲突的替代作物带来了希望)”和第五段中“The Tm Yum Prject is the first research and cmmunity-based alternative crp planting initiative t prmte human-elephant cexistence.(Tm Yum项目是第一个以研究和社区为基础的替代作物种植倡议，以促进人象共存)”可知，在Tm Yum Prject项目中研究人员和当地农民实验替代作物。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四张图片中的叙述“Farmers harvest crps and create rganic prducts in ec-friendly packaging.(农民收割农作物，生产环保包装的有机产品)”可知，在这一步农民把收获的作物变成有机蜂蜜或茶叶。故选C。
B
Tw-Man Irnman
On Sept.17, 2022, Jeff and his sn, Jhnny, set ut t begin the first f three legs f the Irnman cmpetitin,where cmpetitrs must cmplete a 140 miles f swimming, bicycling and running in under 17 hurs. Nt that lng ag, Jhnny culd barely walk a few steps because he was brn with cerebral palsy (脑瘫). But his dream f being a runner never stpped.
Frm the day Jhnny was brn, Jeff refused t let his sn’s disability hld him back. Determined t shw Jhnny that he culd pursue his dream f being an athlete, Jeff helped him engage in running. They began waking up at 4 a.m. s Jeff culd run while pushing his sn in a special wheelchair called a racing chair. Every mrning, they drve themselves t run increasingly lnger distances. Sn, they were entering 5K races, then n t Irnman cmpetitin. Jeff wuld act as Jhnny’s arms and legs, carrying the weight f his sn thrughut the race.
The race began with a 2.4-mile swim. Settling Jhnny int a kayak, Jeff eased himself int the water. Swimming while dragging anther persn was very tugh. But wrst f all, Jeff had t struggle with jellyfish. “I ccupied my mind by cunting the number f times I gt stung (蛰),” he says.
After the tw men cmpleted the tugh bike sectin in rughly nine hurs, they set their sights n the final leg f the race — a 26.2-mile marathn. They’d been cmpeting fr 10.5 hurs, leaving anther 6.5 hurs t make their time.But at Mile 19, Jhnny saw the clck ticking dwn and wrried they wuldn’t make the cutff. Despite the tiredness, Jeff was cnvinced they were ging all right and then picked up the pace.
With minutes left and 200 feet t the finish line, Jeff stpped t help Jhnny ut f his racing chair and handed him his rlling walker. After years f painstaking wrk, Jhnny was determined t finish his races n his wn. After 16 hurs, 55 minutes and 35secnds,the father and sn crssed the finish line tgether.
As the crwd cheered n an verwhelmed Jhnny, a weary Jeff kept a lw prfle. “My father didn’t want his finish line mment,” says Jhnny, tears in eyes. “He wanted it t be mine.”
24. Why did Jeff lead Jhnny t running?
A. T get clser t Jhnny.B. T fulfill Jhnny’s dream.
C. T discver Jhnny’s interest.D. T speed up Jhnny’s recvery.
25. What challenged Jeff mst in the swimming race?
A. Lack f energy.B. Pain frm injuries.
C. Mental tiredness.D. Bdy weight change.
26. Which f the fllwing can best describe Jhnny accrding t the passage?
A. Strng-willed and grateful.B. Warm-hearted and sensitive.
C. Patient and generus.D. Tugh and humrus.
27. What des the passage mainly tell us?
A. Actins speak luder than wrds.B. Fathers are nt brn; they are made.
C. The value f a lving father has n price.D. Success cmes frm failures alng the jurney.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. A 27. C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了父亲杰夫为了实现患脑瘫的儿子约翰尼成为跑步运动员的梦想，每天陪着约翰尼练习，并一起参加比赛，在通过终点线时，杰夫默默站在一边，因为他希望这一刻的荣誉只属于儿子约翰尼。文章体现了以为父亲无私的爱。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But his dream f being a runner never stpped.(但他成为一名跑步运动员的梦想从未停止过)”和第二段中“Determined t shw Jhnny that he culd pursue his dream f being an athlete, Jeff helped him engage in running. They began waking up at 4 a.m. s Jeff culd run while pushing his sn in a special wheelchair called a racing chair. Every mrning, they drve themselves t run increasingly lnger distances.(为了让约翰尼知道他可以追求成为运动员的梦想，杰夫帮助他参加跑步。他们开始在凌晨4点起床，这样杰夫就可以一边跑步，一边推着他坐在一种叫做比赛椅的特殊轮椅上的儿子。每天早上，他们迫使自己跑得越来越快)”可知，杰夫领着约翰尼跑步是为了实现约翰尼成为跑步运动员的梦想。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But wrst f all, Jeff had t struggle with jellyfish. “I ccupied my mind by cunting the number f times I gt stung (蛰),” he says.(但最糟糕的是，杰夫不得不与水母搏斗。他说：“我满脑子都是被蜇的次数。”)”可知，在游泳比赛中，被水母蜇的疼痛对杰夫来说最具挑战性。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“They began waking up at 4 a.m. s Jeff culd run while pushing his sn in a special wheelchair called a racing chair.(他们开始在凌晨4点起床，这样杰夫就可以一边跑步，一边推着他坐在一种叫做比赛椅的特殊轮椅上的儿子)”，倒数第三段中“After the tw men cmpleted the tugh bike sectin in rughly nine hurs, they set their sights n the final leg f the race — a 26.2-mile marathn. They’d been cmpeting fr 10.5 hurs, leaving anther 6.5 hurs t make their time.(在两个人用了大约9个小时完成了艰难的自行车赛段后，他们把目光投向了比赛的最后一段——26.2英里的马拉松赛。他们已经比赛了10.5个小时，还剩下6.5个小时的时间)”以及倒数第二段中“After 16 hurs, 55 minutes and 35secnds,the father and sn crssed the finish line tgether.(16小时55分35秒后，父子俩一起冲过了终点线)”可知，约翰尼每天坚持训练，并参加完比赛的全程，因此他是意志坚定的；根据最后一段中“ “My father didn’t want his finish line mment,” says Jhnny, tears in eyes. “He wanted it t be mine.”(“我父亲不想要他的终点线时刻，”约翰尼说，眼里含着泪水。“他希望它是我的。”)”可知，约翰尼看到父亲的行为感动到落泪，因此推知他对父亲的付出是感激的。综上，故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第二段中“Determined t shw Jhnny that he culd pursue his dream f being an athlete, Jeff helped him engage in running. They began waking up at 4 a.m. s Jeff culd run while pushing his sn in a special wheelchair called a racing chair. Every mrning, they drve themselves t run increasingly lnger distances.(为了让约翰尼知道他可以追求成为运动员的梦想，杰夫帮助他参加跑步。他们开始在凌晨4点起床，这样杰夫就可以一边跑步，一边推着他坐在一种叫做比赛椅的特殊轮椅上的儿子。每天早上，他们迫使自己跑得越来越快)”和最后一段“As the crwd cheered n an verwhelmed Jhnny, a weary Jeff kept a lw prfle. “My father didn’t want his finish line mment,” says Jhnny, tears in eyes. “He wanted it t be mine.”(当人群为开心的约翰尼欢呼时，疲惫的杰夫却保持着低调。“我父亲不想要他的终点线时刻，”约翰尼说，眼里含着泪水。“他希望它是我的。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了父亲杰夫为了实现患脑瘫的儿子约翰尼成为跑步运动员的梦想，每天陪着约翰尼练习，并一起参加比赛，在通过终点线时，杰夫默默站在一边，因为他希望这一刻的荣誉只属于儿子约翰尼。文章体现了以为父亲无私的爱。C项“The value f a lving father has n price.(慈爱的父亲的价值是无价的)”可以概括本文主要内容。故选C。
C
Time is ne f humanity’s greatest blind spts. We experience it as days, mnths r years. But nature functins n much grander scales, measured in centuries, and even lnger phases ften gruped as “deep time.” Humanity’s shrtsightedness arund time creates majr limits n mdern cnservatin. As the climate and bidiversity crises accelerate, we are urgently wrking t prtect and regenerate ecsystems withut understanding hw they functined when they were truly ding well. A deep time perspective can help change that.
Take frest management. Fr decades, ur practices called fr all-ut preventin f even the mildest frest fires, believing that fire was bad fr bth peple and nnhuman nature. Until recently we ignred the frest management strategies indigenus (土著的) cmmunities had successfully used fr centuries, in particular the applicatin f small-scale cntrlled burns. Fire, it turns ut, has always been an integral ingredient in healthy frest ecsystems, prmting new grwth by thinning the understry. Tday, we’re beginning t see widespread applicatin f indigenus knwledge t frest management, tapping int this ancient wisdm.
But hw can we knw what an ecsystem lked like centuries ag? One pathway is thrugh mdern mathematical mdeling. We have married it with streams f lng-term data and discvered a pssible way t preserve the ecsystem f Califrnia’s kelp frest. By examining hw Nrth Pacific kelp frests existed lng befre the 19th century, we fund that we’ve ignred the presence f a keystne species—the Steller’s sea cw, and its rle in maintaining the harmny f this ecsystem.
Our mdel described the interactins between giant kelp and understry algae cmpeting fr light and space n the seaflr. Then we ran the mdel again, but this time with the Steller’s sea cw added in. These mammals fed n the leaves frm the upper kelp layers. This allwed light t reach the sea bttm, which in turn stimulated the grwth f nt nly the kelp but ther kinds f rganisms. In re-creating that vanished histrical system that included the Steller’s sea cw, we culd see a mre diverse frestwhere the understry cmpeted better with kelp
In shrt, what we assume we knw abut an ecsystem based n the recent past may impede ur ability t fully understand and prtect it. T ensure that ur bldest cnservatin effrts are successful, we must begin lking at time as an essential tl.
28. Accrding t the passage, what gets in the way f human’s cnservatin effrts?
A. Lack f insights int deep timeB. The wrsening f bidiversity crises
C. The blindness t management strategies.D. Resistance t taking a deep time perspective.
29. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Ignring the Steller’s sea cw led t eclgical imbalance.
B Peple nw priritize fire preventin ver cntrlled burns.
C. Mathematical mdeling matters mre than indigenus knwledge
D. Harvesting upper kelp leaves encurages fresh grwth in the understry.
30. What des the underlined wrd “impede” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Bring frth.B. Bst up.C. Shut dwn.D. Hld back.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出人类应该以世纪为单位，从遥远的过去寻求保护生态系统的方法。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Humanity’s shrtsightedness arund time creates majr limits n mdern cnservatin. (人类对时间的短视造成了现代保护的重大限制。)”可知，缺乏对深层时间的洞察阻碍了人类的保护努力。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“These mammals fed n the leaves frm the upper kelp layers. This allwed light t reach the sea bttm, which in turn stimulated the grwth f nt nly the kelp but ther kinds f rganisms. (这些哺乳动物以上层海藻层的叶子为食。这使得光线能够到达海底，这反过来不仅刺激了海带的生长，还刺激了其他生物的生长。)”可知，食用上层的叶子，可以使光线到达海底，这能刺激海带和其他物种的生长。由此推知，收获上部海带的叶子可以促进林下植被的生长。故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“A deep time perspective can help change that. (深入的时间视角可以帮助改变这一点。)”和最后一段中“T ensure that ur bldest cnservatin effrts are successful, we must begin lking at time as an essential tl. (为了确保我们最大胆的保护努力取得成功，我们必须开始把时间视为一个必不可少的工具。)”可知，人类基于最近生态系统的假设可能阻碍我们理解和保护它的能力，因此我们应该以世纪为单位，从遥远的过去寻求保护生态系统的方法。由此猜测impede意为“阻碍”，与hld back同义。故选D。
D
Several dzen graduate students in Lndn were recently tasked with utwitting a large language mdel (LLM), a type f AI designed t hld useful cnversatins. LLMs are ften prgrammed with guardrails designed t stp them giving harmful replies: instructins n making bmbs in a bathtub, say, r the cnfident statement f “facts” that are nt actually true.
The aim f the task was t break thse guardrails. Sme results were merely stupid. Fr example, ne participant gt the chatbt t claim ducks culd be used as indicatrs f air quality. But the mst successful effrts were thse that made the machine prduce the titles, publicatin dates and hst jurnals f nn-existent academic articles.
AI has the ptential t be a big benefit t science. Optimists talk f machines prducing readable summaries f cmplicated areas f research; tirelessly analysing ceans f data t suggest new drugs and even, ne day, cming up with hyptheses f their wn. But AI cmes with dwnsides, t.
Start with the simplest prblem: academic miscnduct.Sme jurnals allw researchers t use LLMs t help write papers. But nt everybdy is willing t admit t it. Smetimes, the fact that LLMs have been used is bvius. Guillaume Cabanac, a cmputer scientist, has uncvered dzens f papers that cntain phrases such as “regenerate respnse” — the text f a buttn in sme versins f ChatGPT that cmmands the prgram t rewrite its mst recent answer, prbably cpied int the manuscript (原稿) by mistake.
Anther prblem arises when AI mdels are trained n AI-generated data. LLMs are trained n text frm the Internet. As they churn ut (大量炮制) mre such text, the risk f LLMs taking in their wn utputs grws. That can cause “mdel cllaps”. In 2023 llia Shumailv, a cmputer scientist, c-authred a paper in which a mdel was fed handwritten digits and asked t generate digits f its wn, which were fed back t it in turn. After a few cycles, the cmputer’s numbers became mre r less illegible.After 20iteratins (迭代), it culd prduce nly rugh circles r blurry lines.
Sme wrry that cmputer-generated insights might cme frm mdels whse inner wrkings are nt understd. Inexplainable mdels are nt useless, says David Leslie at an AI-research utfit in Lndn, but their utputs will need rigrus testing in the real wrld. That is perhaps less unnerving than it sunds. Checking mdels against reality is what science is suppsed t be abut, after all.
Fr nw, at least, questins utnumber answers. The threats that machines pse t the scientific methd are, at the end f the day, the same nes psed by humans. AI culd accelerate the prductin f nnsense just as much as it accelerates gd science. As the Ryal Sciety has it,nullius in verba: take nbdy’s wrd fr it. N thing’s, either.
31. The result f the task cnducted in Lndn shws that ________.
A. LLMs give away useful infrmatinB. the guardrails turn ut t be ineffective
C. AI’s influence will ptentially be decreasedD. the effrt put int the study f AI hardly pays ff
32. What des “mdel cllapse” indicate?
A. The readability f the mdels’utput is underestimated.
B. The diverse surces f infrmatin cnfuse the mdels.
C. Training n regenerated data stps mdels wrking well.
D. The data will becme reliable after cntinuus iteratins.
33. Accrding t the passage, peple’s wrry ver the inexplainable mdels is __________.
A. impracticalB. unjustifiedC. grundlessD. unsettling
34. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A Faster Nnsense: AI Culd Als G Wrng
B. Imperfect Mdels: Hw Will AI Make Advances?
C. The Rise f LLMs: AI Culd Still Be Prmising
D. Bigger Threats: AI Will Be Uncntrllable
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人工智能也可能出错。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“LLMs are ften prgrammed with guardrails designed t stp them giving harmful replies: instructins n making bmbs in a bathtub, say, r the cnfident statement f “facts” that are nt actually true.”（LLM通常被编程为带有护栏，旨在阻止他们做出有害的回复：比如说，关于在浴缸里制造炸弹的说明，或者对事实并非真实的“事实”的自信陈述。）以及第二段“The aim f the task was t break thse guardrails. Sme results were merely stupid. Fr example, ne participant gt the chatbt t claim ducks culd be used as indicatrs f air quality. But the mst successful effrts were thse that made the machine prduce the titles, publicatin dates and hst jurnals f nn-existent academic articles.”（这项任务的目的是打破那些护栏。有些结果很愚蠢。例如，一名参与者让聊天机器人声称鸭子可以作为空气质量的指标。但最成功的努力是让机器生成不存在的学术文章的标题、出版日期和主办期刊。）可知，在伦敦进行的这项任务的结果表明，LLM这些护栏是无效的，并没有能够阻止非真实的信息的生成。故选B项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“‘mdel cllapse’”下文“In 2023 llia Shumailv, a cmputer scientist, c-authred a paper in which a mdel was fed handwritten digits and asked t generate digits f its wn, which were fed back t it in turn. After a few cycles, the cmputer’s numbers became mre r less illegible. After 20 iteratins (迭代), it culd prduce nly rugh circles r blurry lines.”（2023年，计算机科学家llia Shumailv与人合著了一篇论文，在论文中，一个模型被输入手写数字，并被要求生成自己的数字，这些数字依次被反馈给它。几个周期后，计算机的数字变得或多或少难以辨认。经过20次迭代，它只能生成粗糙的圆圈或模糊的线条。）可知，一个模型被输入手写数字并被要求生成自己的数字，这些数字依次被反馈给它，经过20次迭代后，只能生成粗糙的圆圈或模糊的线条，而不是数字，由此可知，再生数据的训练使这个模型崩溃，无法正常工作，由此可知，“mdel cllapse(模型崩溃)”表明对再生数据的训练使模型无法正常工作。故选C项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Inexplainable mdels are nt useless, says David Leslie at an AI-research utfit in Lndn, but their utputs will need rigrus testing in the real wrld. That is perhaps less unnerving than it sunds. Checking mdels against reality is what science is suppsed t be abut, after all.”（伦敦一家人工智能研究机构的David Leslie表示，无法解释的模型并非毫无用处，但它们的结果需要在现实世界中进行严格的测试。这也许没有听起来那么令人不安。毕竟，根据现实检验模型才是科学应该做的事情。）可知，根据文章，人们对无法解释的模型的担忧是不合理的，因为它们的结果需要在现实世界中进行严格的测试。故选B项。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段“But AI cmes with dwnsides, t.”（但人工智能也有缺点.）以及根据最后一段“AI culd accelerate the prductin f nnsense just as much as it accelerates gd science. ”（人工智能可以加速废话的产生，就像它可以加速好的科学一样。）可知，文章主要阐述人工智能也会出错，生成虚假信息，所设置的“护栏”并不能起到作用；因此，短文的最佳标题为“更快的废话：人工智能也可能出错”。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Find yur passin!” When discussing future career ptins r selecting a majr in cllege, yur parents ften say this. The very expressin is meant t inspire. But is it gd advice?
“Finding” a passin implies that it already exists and is simply waiting t be discvered. Unfrtunately, this idea is nt what science tells us. ___35___
T study this, researchers use a framewrk f “fixed” and “grwth” mindsets.They argue that encuraging peple t “find” their passin may cause them t eventually believe that interests and passins are inbrn and relatively unchangeable. ___36___ In cntrast, peple wh view interests and passins as develped have a grwth mindset f interest.
Researchers have revealed that a fixed mindset f interest can decrease creativity. If peple believe they are limited t nly a few inbrn interests and, in cnsequence, d nt explre ther areas, they may miss seeing imprtant cnnectins acrss dmains. ___37___
Evidently, peple can d a lt t embrace a grwth mindset f interest. First, realize that yur interests and passins aren’t pre-existing. Take an active rle in develping yur passins. Secnd, practise psitive self-talk. When yu lack interest in a new task, pay attentin t yur inner dialgue. ___38___Fr example, change “I’m nt interested in this” t “I’m nt interested in this yet, but I knw that interest can develp with time and engagement.”
___39___But a grwth mindset f interest will help yu remain pen and curius. The science tells us we shuld wrk tward lving what we d. We might becme mre creative and resilient as a result.
A. S can a grwth mindset f interest be taught?
B. Instead passins, like interests, are develped.
C. Peple wh think this have a fixed mindset f interest.
D. Of curse, nt every activity will becme a burning passin.
E. As such,seeing interests as fixed limits their creative ptential.
F. Dn’t expect that pursuing new interests will always be easy r exciting.
G. Replace self-critical thughts with psitive nes that encurage grwth and learning.
【答案】35. B 36. C 37. E 38. G 39. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章批判了“找到你的激情”这个观点，认为激情是培养出来的，要秉持兴趣成长型心态，这会帮助你保持开放和好奇，有助于培养激情。
【35题详解】
根据上文““Finding” a passin implies that it already exists and is simply waiting t be discvered. Unfrtunately, this idea is nt what science tells us.(“找到”激情意味着它已经存在，只是在等待被发现。不幸的是，科学并没有告诉我们这个想法)”可知，科学表明“激情”并非存在某个地方，等待被发现；由此可知，激情是需要培养的。B项“Instead passins, like interests, are develped.(相反，激情和兴趣一样，是需要培养的)”符合题意。故选B。
【36题详解】
根据上文“They argue that encuraging peple t “find” their passin may cause them t eventually believe that interests and passins are inbrn and relatively unchangeable.(他们认为，鼓励人们“找到”自己的激情可能会使他们最终相信兴趣和激情是天生的，相对来说是不可改变的)”推知，相信激情和兴趣是可以找到的人，大有可能认为激情和兴趣是不可改变的，即他们有一种固定的兴趣心态。C项“Peple wh think this have a fixed mindset f interest.(这么想的人有一种固定的兴趣心态)”符合题意，this指代上文“believe that interests and passins are inbrn and relatively unchangeable”。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据上文“If peple believe they are limited t nly a few inbrn interests and, in cnsequence, d nt explre ther areas, they may miss seeing imprtant cnnectins acrss dmains.(如果人们认为他们只局限于一些天生的兴趣，因此不去探索其他领域，他们可能会错过跨领域的重要联系)”可知，如果人们认为他们只局限于一些天生的兴趣，他们可能会错过跨领域的重要联系；空处位于段末，应对上文进行总结。E项“As such, seeing interests as fixed limits their creative ptential.(因此，将兴趣视为固定的限制了他们的创造潜力)”符合题意，creative ptential呼应上文explre ther area。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Fr example, change “I’m nt interested in this” t “I’m nt interested in this yet, but I knw that interest can develp with time and engagement.”(例如，将“我对这个不感兴趣”改为“我对这个还不感兴趣，但我知道兴趣会随着时间和投入而发展。”)”可知，当我们对某个东西不感兴趣时，要用积极的想法代替消极的想法。G项“Replace self-critical thughts with psitive nes that encurage grwth and learning.(用鼓励成长和学习的积极想法取代自我批评的想法)”符合题意，下文是对选项的举例说明。故选G。
【39题详解】
根据下文“But a grwth mindset f interest will help yu remain pen and curius. The science tells us we shuld wrk tward lving what we d. We might becme mre creative and resilient as a result.(但兴趣的成长型心态会帮助你保持开放和好奇。科学告诉我们，我们应该努力去热爱我们所做的事情。因此，我们可能会变得更有创造力和耐力)”中的But可知，空处内容与下文为转折关系。D项“Of curse, nt every activity will becme a burning passin.(当然，并不是每一项活动都会成为一种燃烧的激情)”符合语境，虽然并非每项活动都会成为激情，但保持兴趣成长型心态有助于让人们保持开放和好奇。故选D。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In rder t fit in and make friends in a new schl, Amanda bserved hw her classmates behaved and interacted with each ther. Gradually, she perfectly adpted the mannerisms f the classmates arund her, laughing at their jkes, ndding in agreement with their pinins, hiding herself int smene she thught thers wanted her t be. We’ve all dne these. This is scial masking, the prcess f hlding back r hiding ur natural way f interacting with thers s we can feel accepted.
In a wrld that ften tells us t just be urselves, yu might wnder why many f us rely n scial masking. “Scial masking happens because we as a species want t be included,” says psychlgist Dipti Tait. “It’s a tribal (群体的) thing f being tgether rather than being n ur wn. We all have certain masks t prtect urselves frm expsure and difference.” While masking can help us deal with scial situatins, it can als cme with negative cnsequences. Hiding ur behaviurs and interests cnstantly can lead t a strng feeling f separatin, discnnectin, and internal cnflict. As a result, we may experience a heightened and increased pssibility f develping depressin as westruggle t understand scial situatins and signs that thers take fr granted.
Frtunately, a mask is nt ur wn skin. We may feel extremely tired after scial engagements and want t spend time alne in rder t feel like urselves. “The gal is t feel safe enugh t remve the mask,” says Tait. “It’s crucial fr individuals t receive acceptance and supprt fr wh they are, rather than feeling like they need t hide their true selves in rder t fit in.”
40. What is scial masking?
_____________________________________________________________
41. Why d many f us rely n scial masking?
_____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
When peple struggle t understand scial situatins that thers cnsider nrmal, they will feel less depressed.
_____________________________________________________________
43. In additin t masking, what else can yu d t fit in when yu are in a new envirnment? (In abut 40 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】40. It is the prcess f hlding back r hiding yur natural way f interacting with thers s yu can feel accepted.
41. Because we as a species want t be included./It’s a tribal thing f being tgether rather than being n ur wn./We all have certain masks t prtect urselves frm expsure and difference./Because as a species everyne wants t be included rather than being n their wn r being expsed and different.
42. When peple struggle t understand scial situatins that thers cnsider nrmal, they will feel less depressed.
When peple struggle t understand scial situatins that thers cnsider nrmal, they will feel less depressed. Accrding t the passage, they will feel mre depressed/they may experience a heightened and increased pssibility f develping depressin.
43. As a student, when I am in a new envirnment, I will try t interact with my classmates, which can make us knw each ther better. I will make myself clear because it is a sign f respect fr thers and myself. (开放题，言之有理即可)
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是“社会伪装”，其产生的原因以及带来的不良后果。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“This is scial masking, the prcess f hlding back r hiding ur natural way f interacting with thers s we can feel accepted. (这是一种社会伪装，是一种抑制或隐藏我们与他人互动的自然方式的过程，这样我们就能感到被接受)”可知，社会伪装是一种克制或隐藏你与他人互动的自然方式的过程，这样你就会感到被接受。故答案为：It is the prcess f hlding back r hiding yur natural way f interacting with thers s yu can feel accepted.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中““Scial masking happens because we as a species want t be included,” says psychlgist Dipti Tait. “It’s a tribal (群体的) thing f being tgether rather than being n ur wn. We all have certain masks t prtect urselves frm expsure and difference.” (心理学家Dipti Tait说：“社会伪装之所以发生，是因为我们作为一个物种想要被包容。这是一个群体的的事情，我们在一起，而不是我们自己。我们都有一定的伪装来保护自己免受暴露和差异的影响。”)”可知，我们中的很多人都依赖社会伪装是因为我们想要被包容；因为我们是一个群体，而不是一个人；或者因为我们都有一定的伪装来保护自己免受暴露和差异的影响。故答案为：Because we as a species want t be included./It’s a tribal thing f being tgether rather than being n ur wn./We all have certain masks t prtect urselves frm expsure and difference./Because as a species everyne wants t be included rather than being n their wn r being expsed and different.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“As a result, we may experience a heightened and increased pssibility f develping depressin as we struggle t understand scial situatins and signs that thers take fr granted. (因此，当我们努力理解别人认为理所当然的社会情境和迹象时，我们可能会经历更大的的患抑郁症的可能性)”可知，当人们努力理解别人认为理所当然的社会情境和迹象时，可能会经历严重的抑郁。因此句中错误部分为“they will feel less depressed”；根据文章可知，他们的情绪会更加低落。故答案为：When peple struggle t understand scial situatins that thers cnsider nrmal, they will feel less depressed. Accrding t the passage, they will feel mre depressed/they may experience a heightened and increased pssibility f develping depressin.
【43题详解】
开放性题目。答案符合逻辑即可，注意词数要求。例如，作为一名学生，当我在一个新的环境中，我会尝试与我的同学互动，这可以让我们更好地了解彼此。我会把自己的意思说清楚，因为这是一种尊重他人和尊重自己的表现。故答案可为：As a student, when I am in a new envirnment, I will try t interact with my classmates, which can make us knw each ther better. I will make myself clear because it is a sign f respect fr thers and myself.
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Chris想了解不同颜色在中国文化中的涵义。请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.颜色及其涵义；
2.生活中的实例。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
I hpe yu are ding great! Knwing that yu are interested in the implicatin f clrs in Chinese culture I am writing t share my ideas with yu.
In ur culture, many clrs hld deep symblic meanings. Fr instance, red, the clr f celebratin and jy, symblizes gd luck and prsperity. Black, n the ther hand, embdies a sense f depth and mystery, which ften lends a mysterius tuch.
These symblic meanings are reflected in varius aspects in ur daily lives. Take black fr example. In art frms like ink painting and calligraphy, black ink is used skillfully t cnvey a sense f harmny and balance. In traditinal martial arts, black is als a sign f inner explratin.
Hw d clrs play a rle in yur culture? Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Chris回一封邮件，告诉他不同颜色在中国文化中的涵义。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in→take an interest in
例如：fr instance→fr example
各种各样的：varius→all kinds f
表达：cnvey→express
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Fr instance, red, the clr f celebratin and jy, symblizes gd luck and prsperity.
拓展句：Fr instance, red, which is the clr f celebratin and jy, symblizes gd luck and prsperity.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Knwing that yu are interested in the implicatin f clrs in Chinese culture, I am writing t share my ideas with yu.（运用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
Black n the ther hand, embdies a sense f depth and mystery, which ften lends a mysterius tuch.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）