还剩52页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：全套译林版高中英语选择性必修第二册课时课件
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
译林版高中英语选择性必修第二册UNIT3 Section A 课件
展开
这是一份译林版高中英语选择性必修第二册UNIT3 Section A 课件，共60页。
UNIT 3 Fit for lifeSection A Welcome to the unit & Readingsurgeon physician chemist dentist specialize game-changingcell being affect contract virus cancer identifyrelate means delete restore ultimately abnormal weaponfundamental pace arise restrict prohibit resistanceflu characteristic wrestle debate finding ripewithdraw equip artificial rubber outgoing gratefuldisabled disability conventional leather sensory patent fueldisturb tackle head-on adjust centimeter needle evidencesolid switch steel millimetre clinic examine wrist organsevere anxiety abuse alcohol tobacco phenomenon substancesymbol widespread infection departmentPart 1 Reading comprehensionPart 2 Language points目录索引 Part 1 Reading comprehension第一步速读课文 理清脉络Activity 1 Skimming for the main ideaRead the text quickly and find out the main idea of the text.Genome editing is the most effective means of disease treatment and prevention. Activity 2 Scanning for the structureRead the text again and write down the main idea of each part.Part 1 (Para.1)Part 2(Paras.2-4)Part 3(Para.5) Introduction—Genome editing brings many exciting possibilities. Main body—Genome editing has both advantages and disadvantages. Conclusion—Despite the public argument,genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science.第二步精读课文 领悟细节Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.1.Which of the following is the disadvantage of the genome editing?A.Helping determine our lifespan.B.Restoring a blind person’s vision.C.Containing all the information needed to make us grow and develop.D.Without putting appropriate controls in place,genome editing could be dangerous.答案 D 2.What can take the place of the word “contracting” in paragraph 2?A.Curing. B.Catching.C.Acquiring. D.Spreading.3.What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph?A.Genome editing still needs to be explored and debated.B.Genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.C.Genome editing can make people taller and help their muscles develop faster.D.Geneticists and government officials can prohibit genome editing from running wild.答案 B 答案 A 4.According to this text,how might the future of genome editing be?A.Grey. B.Unclear.C.Promising. D.Disappointing.5.What’s the speaker’s attitude towards genome editing?A.Positive. B.Objective.C.Negative. D.Subjective.答案 C 答案 B Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维1.What do you think of genome editing?2.What do you know about gene technology?略 略Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences about the role of genes.As many of you may already know,genes play a critical role in shaping our lives.Everything from the colour of our eyes to our talent for maths depends on genes.Our own personal genome carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop.It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the application of genome editing in the near future.In the near future,geneticists hope to apply this technology to treat a wide range of health problems.Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing.Ultimately,this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.第三步深读课文 融会提能Activity 6 课文语篇填空Genes play a 1. (critic) role in shaping our lives.Everything from the colour of our eyes to our talent for maths depends on genes.The complete set of 2. (gene) inside a cell or a living being is called a genome. Our 3. (person) genome carries all the information 4._________ (need) to make us grow and develop. critical genes personal needed Geneticists have found that changing parts of our genome can prevent us 5. certain diseases.Genome editing can even change our characters,6. (make) us grow taller,becoming more intelligent and 7. (healthy).We will be able to select specific characteristics for children 8. they are born,creating 9. some have called “designer babies”.Some people might use this technology to do evil things. So,most of the countries have made laws 10. (prevent) genome editing from being out of control. frommaking healthier before what to preventActivity 7 长难句分析1.Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing.who引导定语从句 不定式作目的状语 [尝试翻译] 也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力,或者让先天性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。 [尝试翻译] 2.As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however,questions arise about how to use it appropriately. As引导伴随状语从句 “疑问词 +不定式”作介词about的宾语 然而,随着这一技术不断迅速发展,出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 [尝试翻译] 3.We will also be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born,creating what some have called “designer babies”. before引导时间状语从句 现在分词短语作状语 what引导宾语从句 我们还将能够在孩子出生前为他们选择特定的特征,创造出一些人所说的“设计婴儿”。 Part 2 Language points基础落实•必备知识全过关必记写作词汇 1. vt.感染疾病;与……订立合同(或契约) n.合同,合约 2. n.病毒;(计算机程序中的)病毒 3. n.方法,方式;财富,钱财 4. adj.十分重大的,根本的;基础的,基本的 n.基本规律,根本法则,基础 5. n.发生的速度,节奏;步速;快节奏 vi.& vt.来回踱步,走来走去;确定速度,调整节奏 contract virus means fundamental pace 6. vi.发生,出现;(由……)引起,(因……)产生 7. vi.& vt.奋力对付,努力处理;摔跤 8. vt.& vi.讨论,辩论;仔细考虑,思考 n.讨论,争论;辩论 arise wrestle debate识记阅读词汇 1.surgeon n. 2.physician n. 3.dentist n. 4.game-changing adj. 5.cell n. 6.being n. 7.cancer n. 8.ultimately adv. 外科医生 医师,内科医生 牙科医生 改变游戏规则的(指彻底改变事态发展的) 细胞 生物;存在;身心 癌症;邪恶,毒瘤 最终;根本上 9.weapon n. 10.flu n. 11.finding n. 武器,手段;兵器流行性感冒,流感 调查发现,调研结果串记拓展词汇 1.chemist n.药剂师,药商;化学家→ n.化学→ adj.与化学有关的;化学的 2.specialize(also specialise) vi.专门研究(或从事),专攻→ adj.专用的,专业的,专门的→ adj.特别的;特殊的 n.特别的东西;特价 3.affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动→ adj.感人的,动人的→ adj.受到影响的→ n.友爱,影响,疾病 4.relate vi.& vt.联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述→ adj.有关系的,有关联的;讲述的,叙述的→ n.相关物→ n.关系;叙述 chemistry chemical specializedspecial affectingaffectedaffection relatedrelativerelation 5.identify vt.找到,发现;确认,认出;显示,说明身份→ n.鉴定,识别;认同;身份证明 6.delete vt.删去,删除→ n.删除 7.restore vt.恢复;修复;使复原,使复位→ n.恢复;归还 8.abnormal adj.反常的,畸形的→ adj.正常的;正规的;标准的 9.restrict vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束→ n.限制;约束;束缚 identificationdeletion restoration normal restriction10.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能→ adj.禁止的→ n.禁止;禁令 11.resistance n.抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗→ v.抵抗,抗拒;忍住 12.characteristic n.特征,特点 adj.典型的,独特的→ n.性格;品质;特征;人物,角色 13.ripe adj.成熟的;时机成熟的→ vt.& vi.(使)成熟 prohibitiveprohibition resist character ripen【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】以前缀en-或后缀-(e)n构成动词的有:(1)前缀en-+形容词/名词:encourage 鼓励;endanger 危害;enable 使能够;enrich 充实;enlarge 扩大(2)形容词/名词+后缀-(e)n:widen加宽;strengthen加强;lengthen加长;quicken加快;soften变软;frighten使惊吓;heighten提高,升高1. 依靠 2. 涉及,与……相关 3. 把……运用到……中 4. 禁止某人做某事 5. 努力处理,全力解决 6. 准备就绪 7. 失控 8. 毫无疑问,的确 9. 充当;起……作用 10. 高龄 depend on relate to apply...to...prohibit sb from doing sth wrestle with put sth in place out of control without doubt function as a ripe old age要点探究•能力素养全提升1.surgeon n.外科医生【佳句背诵】He followed his father and became a surgeon.[人物介绍]他沿袭了他父亲,成了一名外科医生。2.ultimately adv.最终;根本上【佳句背诵】She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.[过去经历]她最终和丈夫一起买了一小块地,开始自己种植食物。1.affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动 be affected by受……影响;被……侵袭;被……打动affection n.喜爱;影响,疾病have affection for喜爱show sb affection向某人表示喜爱with affection深情地affecting adj.感人的,动人的affected adj.受到影响的;做作的;假装的【巧辨异同】 【佳句背诵】Online learning itself has some imperfections,making it difficult for us not to be affected.[社会生活]网络学习本身也有一些不完善之处,让我们很难不受影响。【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级①But like anyone for whom you feel (affect),customers can also drive you mad. ②There were many people who came to the (affect) area to help and volunteer. ③What kind of education can be “meaningful” to young people affected conflict? ④Smoke affects the flow of blood to the brain.→Smoke _____________________the flow of blood to the brain. affection affected by has an effect on2.identify vt.找到,发现;确认;认出;显示,说明身份 identify sb/sth as确认某人为……,显示某人为……identify oneself证明自己(的身份)identify with认为……等同于,与……一致identity n.身份;同一性,一致;特性identity with与……一致identical adj.完全相同的;非常相似的;同一的;一模一样的be identical to和……一模一样;等同于identification n.鉴定,识别;认同;身份证明【佳句背诵】After sharing the story online,I heard from someone,who identified the lady as Erin Smith.[过去经历]我在网上讲了这个故事之后,我收到一封信,写信人认出这位女士是Erin Smith。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①The thief used a false (identify) so that he couldn’t be discovered. ②The early (identify) of children with special educational needs is very important. ③People who had (identify) themselves as not wealthy were more likely to listen to and look at the stranger. ④The name used must be (identify) to that shown in your identity document. ⑤很多情况下,人们的穿着显示出他们的社会阶级。In many cases,the clothes people wear _________ __________ ________ belonging to a particular social class. identity identification identified identical identify them as3.relate vt.& vi.联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述 relate to涉及;与……相关;了解relate...to...把……和……联系起来related adj.有关联的;有亲属关系的be related to...与……有关;与……有亲属关系relation n.关系;联系;亲戚in relation to关于,涉及;相对……而言【佳句背诵】Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting whose topic is related to Chinese traditional customs.[学校生活]有消息说我们学校要召开一次班会,主题是关于中国传统习俗的。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①It is difficult to relate his argument the facts. ②He found it difficult to sustain good (relate) with them. ③Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all (relate) areas. ④政府建议张贴与禁烟有关的标志。Putting up signs _________ ________ ________ ___________was advised by the government. to relationship related related to banning smoking4.means n.方法,方式;财富,钱财 a means of (doing) sth (做)某事的方法、途径by means of用,依靠;通过by all means无论如何;当然可以(口语)by no means决不;无论如何都不(位于句首时句子要倒装)try every means to do sth尽力做某事【特别提醒】当means表示“方法,方式,手段”时,单复数同形。means作主语若有every,each,one等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数;有some,several,many,few等词修饰时,谓语动词用复数。【佳句背诵】And you’d better practice using chopsticks in advance,which is also a means of showing your good table manners.[社交礼仪]你最好事先练习使用筷子,这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级①Every possible means (use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. ②—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?— all means he has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty. ③My friend Jack succeeded in his career means of his perseverance and determination. ④Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution.→____________________ plastic straws the biggest source of plastic pollution. has been used By by By no means are5.fundamental adj.十分重大的,根本的;基础的,基本的 n.基本规律,根本法则,基础 be fundamental to sth对某事是基本的fundamentally adv.根本地,从根本上;基础地【佳句背诵】Colour is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room.[社会生活]色彩是家居设计的基本要素,是每个房间都会有的东西。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①He taught me the (fundamental) of the job. ②Success depends (fundamental) on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. ③对语法的一些理解是学习一门语言的基础。Some understanding of grammar ______ _____________ _________learning a language. fundamentals fundamentally is fundamental to6.arise vi.发生,出现;(由……)引起,产生 arise from= arise out of起因于,由……引起if/when the need arises如果/当有需要时【特别提醒】arise为不及物动词,表示“出现,发生”时,主语一般为argument,difficulty,misunderstanding,problem,quarrel,trouble等抽象名词。【佳句背诵】While I have only listed two of each,there are obviously many other situations that can arise.[观点看法]虽然我只列出了其中的两种情况,但显然还可能出现许多其他情况。【巧辨异同】【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级①Accidents always arise carelessness,so you must be careful when driving. ②It’s reported that more and more cities are faced with the problems of road safety and the deaths (arise) from it. ③I will help you with your work the need arises. ④Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting?→Can we begin by discussing matters arising the last meeting? from arising if/when out of7.restrict vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束 restrict sth to sth把某事限制在某事上restrict sth to sb仅限某人做某事restriction n.限制,约束make restriction on对……有限制restricted adj.受限制的be restricted to sb局限于某人restrictive adj.限制(性)的,约束(性)的【佳句背诵】On top of that,most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients,because meat and milk products may easily go bad.[科学技术]最重要的是,现在大多数3D食品打印机只限于打印干食材,因为肉和奶制品很容易变质。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作① (restrict) on group discussion make an open office unwelcome to many people. ②He was allowed to stay on with his grandma as long as he restricted himself his studies. ③They don’t make any restriction the films,no matter who direct them,as long as they meet the standards. ④The tournament is (restrict) to players under the age of 23. ⑤为了应对严重的交通压力,许多城市当局已经开始限制私家车的使用。In response to the severe traffic pressure,many city authorities have started to private vehicles. Restrictions to on restricted restrict the use of8.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能 prohibit sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事prohibit (doing) sth禁止(做)某事prohibition n.禁止;禁令prohibition on/against doing sth禁止做某事【佳句背诵】Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon can be a suitable title for the text.[社会生活]“加州即将禁止砍伐大树”可以成为该文章的合适标题。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①The new rules prohibit (smoke) in places like restaurants,hotels,railway stations or theatres. ②We consistently stood for the complete (prohibit) and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. ③The law will prohibit people hunting wild animals. ④Please note that any (prohibit) items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life. smoking prohibition from prohibited⑤我认为有必要禁止游客与动物拍照,从而为它们提供一个舒适的生活环境。I think it necessary to _________ __________ _______ ________ ________________with animals,making a comfortable environment for them to live in. prohibit tourists from takingpictures/photos9.wrestle vi.& vt.奋力对付,努力处理;摔跤 wrestle with sb跟某人摔跤wrestle with sth奋力对付某事,努力处理某事wrestle to do sth努力做某事wrestling n.摔跤;扭斗wrestler n.摔跤选手,搏斗者【佳句背诵】We had to physically wrestle the child from the man’s arms.[过去经历]我们只得用力地从那个男子怀里把孩子夺过来。【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级①She had spent the whole weekend wrestling the problem. ②She has been wrestling (raise) the money all year. ③Wise words considering being fleet of foot is how a (wrestle) starts his day. ④We will make great efforts to achieve the Chinese dream.→We will _____________________the Chinese dream. with to raise wrestler wrestle to achieve10.debate vt.& vi.讨论,辩论;仔细考虑,思考n.讨论,争论;辩论debate on/about/over...就……辩论debate sth with sb与某人辩论某事debate oneself仔细考虑;思考have a debate进行讨论/辩论under debate在讨论中beyond/without debate无可争辩debater n.参加讨论者【佳句背诵】With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress,consumers must take a stand with young farmers.[社会生活]随着国会将讨论一项新的农业法案,消费者必须与年轻农民站在同一立场。【巧辨异同】【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译①The suggestion he put forward is still debate. ②They debated who was to blame for the traffic accident until it was 9 o’clock. ③I don’t want to debate such things you.④He is a skilled (debate) and had a deep knowledge of the content. 你妈妈和我讨论过同样的问题。→⑤Your mother and I _______________________________the same question.(n.) →⑥Your mother and I ____________________the same question.(vt.) under about/on/over with debaterhave had a debate about/on/over have debated11.without doubt 毫无疑问,的确 no doubt无疑,很可能(常在句中作状语)in doubt不肯定;不确定have any/no doubt about...怀疑/不怀疑……There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……There is some doubt whether/if...怀疑是否……don’t doubt that...不怀疑……doubt whether/if...怀疑/不相信是否……【特别提醒】doubt不论作动词还是名词用,只要位于否定词后面,从句引导词用that,如果用于肯定句,引导词用whether/if。【佳句背诵】It’s still a little too cold for them to go out into the open,but as soon as the weather warms up,I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.[家庭生活]对它们来说,外面还是有点太冷,但一旦天气暖和起来,我毫不怀疑小家伙每天都会出去探索和玩耍。【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译①There is still some doubt the autumn sports meeting will be held in our school. ②I don’t doubt my father will come to watch my performance,but I doubt whether he can come on time. ③He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green,but he has no doubt it. whether/if that about ④In the near future,it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be doubt. 毫无疑问,他是班里最努力的学生。→⑤_________________________ he is the most hardworking student in the class.(同位语从句) →⑥ ,he is the most hardworking student in the class. in There is no doubt that Without doubtⅠ.一词多义beingA.n.生物 B.n.存在 C.n.身心 ①A new era was brought into being by the war. ②A nuclear war would kill millions of living beings. ③I hate violence with my whole being. BACⅡ.教材熟词生义1.contract与……订立合同(或契约)(使)收缩感染疾病2.wrestle 摔跤奋力对付3.debate 讨论仔细考虑1.“nothing/nobody/none...+as/so+原级+as”表示最高级【教材原句】Over the course of my career,I have seen many wonderful scientific developments,but none are as game-changing as genome editing.在我的职业生涯中,我见证了许多了不起的科学发展,但没有一个能像基因组编辑那样具有颠覆性。“否定词+as/so...as”以及“否定词+比较级(+than)”结构均表示最高级含义。否定词not,never,nothing,no等与形容词或副词的比较级连用时,表达最高级含义。【佳句背诵】For in-person humor,quality isn’t as important as you might think.[人际交往]对于面对面的幽默来说,质量并不像你想象的那么重要。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①The news couldn’t have come at a (good) time. ②Mr.Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been (much) popular. ③她最喜欢沿着海滩愉快地散步。She likes ________ _________ ________a nice walk along the beach. better more nothing better than2.without引导的含蓄条件句【教材原句】Without them,genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.如果没有适当的控制措施,基因组编辑可能会像失控的汽车一样危险。without表示“没有”,without短语可以含蓄地表示某一假设条件,这时句子应使用虚拟语气。另外,当含有without的含蓄虚拟条件句表示对过去的虚拟时,句子谓语动词应用would/should/could/might have done形式,without短语也可以替换为“if+主语+had not+过去分词”。【佳句背诵】Without your assistance,I would never have gone this far in English studies.[表达感谢]没有您的帮助,我不会在英语学习上走得这么远。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①It was Mr.Zhang that helped us out of the trouble.Without his help,we (not manage) it so easily. ②Without the job,he simply (have) too much time and would just do what I did back in college. ③Without his support,we (not be) where we are now. ④要是没有您的帮忙,工作便无法及时完成了。Without your help,the job _________ _______ ________ ________ ____________in time. couldn’t have managed would have wouldn’t bewould have never beencompleted
UNIT 3 Fit for lifeSection A Welcome to the unit & Readingsurgeon physician chemist dentist specialize game-changingcell being affect contract virus cancer identifyrelate means delete restore ultimately abnormal weaponfundamental pace arise restrict prohibit resistanceflu characteristic wrestle debate finding ripewithdraw equip artificial rubber outgoing gratefuldisabled disability conventional leather sensory patent fueldisturb tackle head-on adjust centimeter needle evidencesolid switch steel millimetre clinic examine wrist organsevere anxiety abuse alcohol tobacco phenomenon substancesymbol widespread infection departmentPart 1 Reading comprehensionPart 2 Language points目录索引 Part 1 Reading comprehension第一步速读课文 理清脉络Activity 1 Skimming for the main ideaRead the text quickly and find out the main idea of the text.Genome editing is the most effective means of disease treatment and prevention. Activity 2 Scanning for the structureRead the text again and write down the main idea of each part.Part 1 (Para.1)Part 2(Paras.2-4)Part 3(Para.5) Introduction—Genome editing brings many exciting possibilities. Main body—Genome editing has both advantages and disadvantages. Conclusion—Despite the public argument,genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science.第二步精读课文 领悟细节Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.1.Which of the following is the disadvantage of the genome editing?A.Helping determine our lifespan.B.Restoring a blind person’s vision.C.Containing all the information needed to make us grow and develop.D.Without putting appropriate controls in place,genome editing could be dangerous.答案 D 2.What can take the place of the word “contracting” in paragraph 2?A.Curing. B.Catching.C.Acquiring. D.Spreading.3.What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph?A.Genome editing still needs to be explored and debated.B.Genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.C.Genome editing can make people taller and help their muscles develop faster.D.Geneticists and government officials can prohibit genome editing from running wild.答案 B 答案 A 4.According to this text,how might the future of genome editing be?A.Grey. B.Unclear.C.Promising. D.Disappointing.5.What’s the speaker’s attitude towards genome editing?A.Positive. B.Objective.C.Negative. D.Subjective.答案 C 答案 B Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维1.What do you think of genome editing?2.What do you know about gene technology?略 略Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences about the role of genes.As many of you may already know,genes play a critical role in shaping our lives.Everything from the colour of our eyes to our talent for maths depends on genes.Our own personal genome carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop.It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the application of genome editing in the near future.In the near future,geneticists hope to apply this technology to treat a wide range of health problems.Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing.Ultimately,this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.第三步深读课文 融会提能Activity 6 课文语篇填空Genes play a 1. (critic) role in shaping our lives.Everything from the colour of our eyes to our talent for maths depends on genes.The complete set of 2. (gene) inside a cell or a living being is called a genome. Our 3. (person) genome carries all the information 4._________ (need) to make us grow and develop. critical genes personal needed Geneticists have found that changing parts of our genome can prevent us 5. certain diseases.Genome editing can even change our characters,6. (make) us grow taller,becoming more intelligent and 7. (healthy).We will be able to select specific characteristics for children 8. they are born,creating 9. some have called “designer babies”.Some people might use this technology to do evil things. So,most of the countries have made laws 10. (prevent) genome editing from being out of control. frommaking healthier before what to preventActivity 7 长难句分析1.Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing.who引导定语从句 不定式作目的状语 [尝试翻译] 也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力,或者让先天性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。 [尝试翻译] 2.As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however,questions arise about how to use it appropriately. As引导伴随状语从句 “疑问词 +不定式”作介词about的宾语 然而,随着这一技术不断迅速发展,出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 [尝试翻译] 3.We will also be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born,creating what some have called “designer babies”. before引导时间状语从句 现在分词短语作状语 what引导宾语从句 我们还将能够在孩子出生前为他们选择特定的特征,创造出一些人所说的“设计婴儿”。 Part 2 Language points基础落实•必备知识全过关必记写作词汇 1. vt.感染疾病;与……订立合同(或契约) n.合同,合约 2. n.病毒;(计算机程序中的)病毒 3. n.方法,方式;财富,钱财 4. adj.十分重大的,根本的;基础的,基本的 n.基本规律,根本法则,基础 5. n.发生的速度,节奏;步速;快节奏 vi.& vt.来回踱步,走来走去;确定速度,调整节奏 contract virus means fundamental pace 6. vi.发生,出现;(由……)引起,(因……)产生 7. vi.& vt.奋力对付,努力处理;摔跤 8. vt.& vi.讨论,辩论;仔细考虑,思考 n.讨论,争论;辩论 arise wrestle debate识记阅读词汇 1.surgeon n. 2.physician n. 3.dentist n. 4.game-changing adj. 5.cell n. 6.being n. 7.cancer n. 8.ultimately adv. 外科医生 医师,内科医生 牙科医生 改变游戏规则的(指彻底改变事态发展的) 细胞 生物;存在;身心 癌症;邪恶,毒瘤 最终;根本上 9.weapon n. 10.flu n. 11.finding n. 武器,手段;兵器流行性感冒,流感 调查发现,调研结果串记拓展词汇 1.chemist n.药剂师,药商;化学家→ n.化学→ adj.与化学有关的;化学的 2.specialize(also specialise) vi.专门研究(或从事),专攻→ adj.专用的,专业的,专门的→ adj.特别的;特殊的 n.特别的东西;特价 3.affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动→ adj.感人的,动人的→ adj.受到影响的→ n.友爱,影响,疾病 4.relate vi.& vt.联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述→ adj.有关系的,有关联的;讲述的,叙述的→ n.相关物→ n.关系;叙述 chemistry chemical specializedspecial affectingaffectedaffection relatedrelativerelation 5.identify vt.找到,发现;确认,认出;显示,说明身份→ n.鉴定,识别;认同;身份证明 6.delete vt.删去,删除→ n.删除 7.restore vt.恢复;修复;使复原,使复位→ n.恢复;归还 8.abnormal adj.反常的,畸形的→ adj.正常的;正规的;标准的 9.restrict vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束→ n.限制;约束;束缚 identificationdeletion restoration normal restriction10.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能→ adj.禁止的→ n.禁止;禁令 11.resistance n.抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗→ v.抵抗,抗拒;忍住 12.characteristic n.特征,特点 adj.典型的,独特的→ n.性格;品质;特征;人物,角色 13.ripe adj.成熟的;时机成熟的→ vt.& vi.(使)成熟 prohibitiveprohibition resist character ripen【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】以前缀en-或后缀-(e)n构成动词的有:(1)前缀en-+形容词/名词:encourage 鼓励;endanger 危害;enable 使能够;enrich 充实;enlarge 扩大(2)形容词/名词+后缀-(e)n:widen加宽;strengthen加强;lengthen加长;quicken加快;soften变软;frighten使惊吓;heighten提高,升高1. 依靠 2. 涉及,与……相关 3. 把……运用到……中 4. 禁止某人做某事 5. 努力处理,全力解决 6. 准备就绪 7. 失控 8. 毫无疑问,的确 9. 充当;起……作用 10. 高龄 depend on relate to apply...to...prohibit sb from doing sth wrestle with put sth in place out of control without doubt function as a ripe old age要点探究•能力素养全提升1.surgeon n.外科医生【佳句背诵】He followed his father and became a surgeon.[人物介绍]他沿袭了他父亲,成了一名外科医生。2.ultimately adv.最终;根本上【佳句背诵】She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.[过去经历]她最终和丈夫一起买了一小块地,开始自己种植食物。1.affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动 be affected by受……影响;被……侵袭;被……打动affection n.喜爱;影响,疾病have affection for喜爱show sb affection向某人表示喜爱with affection深情地affecting adj.感人的,动人的affected adj.受到影响的;做作的;假装的【巧辨异同】 【佳句背诵】Online learning itself has some imperfections,making it difficult for us not to be affected.[社会生活]网络学习本身也有一些不完善之处,让我们很难不受影响。【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级①But like anyone for whom you feel (affect),customers can also drive you mad. ②There were many people who came to the (affect) area to help and volunteer. ③What kind of education can be “meaningful” to young people affected conflict? ④Smoke affects the flow of blood to the brain.→Smoke _____________________the flow of blood to the brain. affection affected by has an effect on2.identify vt.找到,发现;确认;认出;显示,说明身份 identify sb/sth as确认某人为……,显示某人为……identify oneself证明自己(的身份)identify with认为……等同于,与……一致identity n.身份;同一性,一致;特性identity with与……一致identical adj.完全相同的;非常相似的;同一的;一模一样的be identical to和……一模一样;等同于identification n.鉴定,识别;认同;身份证明【佳句背诵】After sharing the story online,I heard from someone,who identified the lady as Erin Smith.[过去经历]我在网上讲了这个故事之后,我收到一封信,写信人认出这位女士是Erin Smith。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①The thief used a false (identify) so that he couldn’t be discovered. ②The early (identify) of children with special educational needs is very important. ③People who had (identify) themselves as not wealthy were more likely to listen to and look at the stranger. ④The name used must be (identify) to that shown in your identity document. ⑤很多情况下,人们的穿着显示出他们的社会阶级。In many cases,the clothes people wear _________ __________ ________ belonging to a particular social class. identity identification identified identical identify them as3.relate vt.& vi.联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述 relate to涉及;与……相关;了解relate...to...把……和……联系起来related adj.有关联的;有亲属关系的be related to...与……有关;与……有亲属关系relation n.关系;联系;亲戚in relation to关于,涉及;相对……而言【佳句背诵】Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting whose topic is related to Chinese traditional customs.[学校生活]有消息说我们学校要召开一次班会,主题是关于中国传统习俗的。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①It is difficult to relate his argument the facts. ②He found it difficult to sustain good (relate) with them. ③Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all (relate) areas. ④政府建议张贴与禁烟有关的标志。Putting up signs _________ ________ ________ ___________was advised by the government. to relationship related related to banning smoking4.means n.方法,方式;财富,钱财 a means of (doing) sth (做)某事的方法、途径by means of用,依靠;通过by all means无论如何;当然可以(口语)by no means决不;无论如何都不(位于句首时句子要倒装)try every means to do sth尽力做某事【特别提醒】当means表示“方法,方式,手段”时,单复数同形。means作主语若有every,each,one等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数;有some,several,many,few等词修饰时,谓语动词用复数。【佳句背诵】And you’d better practice using chopsticks in advance,which is also a means of showing your good table manners.[社交礼仪]你最好事先练习使用筷子,这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级①Every possible means (use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. ②—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?— all means he has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty. ③My friend Jack succeeded in his career means of his perseverance and determination. ④Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution.→____________________ plastic straws the biggest source of plastic pollution. has been used By by By no means are5.fundamental adj.十分重大的,根本的;基础的,基本的 n.基本规律,根本法则,基础 be fundamental to sth对某事是基本的fundamentally adv.根本地,从根本上;基础地【佳句背诵】Colour is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room.[社会生活]色彩是家居设计的基本要素,是每个房间都会有的东西。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①He taught me the (fundamental) of the job. ②Success depends (fundamental) on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. ③对语法的一些理解是学习一门语言的基础。Some understanding of grammar ______ _____________ _________learning a language. fundamentals fundamentally is fundamental to6.arise vi.发生,出现;(由……)引起,产生 arise from= arise out of起因于,由……引起if/when the need arises如果/当有需要时【特别提醒】arise为不及物动词,表示“出现,发生”时,主语一般为argument,difficulty,misunderstanding,problem,quarrel,trouble等抽象名词。【佳句背诵】While I have only listed two of each,there are obviously many other situations that can arise.[观点看法]虽然我只列出了其中的两种情况,但显然还可能出现许多其他情况。【巧辨异同】【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级①Accidents always arise carelessness,so you must be careful when driving. ②It’s reported that more and more cities are faced with the problems of road safety and the deaths (arise) from it. ③I will help you with your work the need arises. ④Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting?→Can we begin by discussing matters arising the last meeting? from arising if/when out of7.restrict vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束 restrict sth to sth把某事限制在某事上restrict sth to sb仅限某人做某事restriction n.限制,约束make restriction on对……有限制restricted adj.受限制的be restricted to sb局限于某人restrictive adj.限制(性)的,约束(性)的【佳句背诵】On top of that,most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients,because meat and milk products may easily go bad.[科学技术]最重要的是,现在大多数3D食品打印机只限于打印干食材,因为肉和奶制品很容易变质。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作① (restrict) on group discussion make an open office unwelcome to many people. ②He was allowed to stay on with his grandma as long as he restricted himself his studies. ③They don’t make any restriction the films,no matter who direct them,as long as they meet the standards. ④The tournament is (restrict) to players under the age of 23. ⑤为了应对严重的交通压力,许多城市当局已经开始限制私家车的使用。In response to the severe traffic pressure,many city authorities have started to private vehicles. Restrictions to on restricted restrict the use of8.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能 prohibit sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事prohibit (doing) sth禁止(做)某事prohibition n.禁止;禁令prohibition on/against doing sth禁止做某事【佳句背诵】Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon can be a suitable title for the text.[社会生活]“加州即将禁止砍伐大树”可以成为该文章的合适标题。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①The new rules prohibit (smoke) in places like restaurants,hotels,railway stations or theatres. ②We consistently stood for the complete (prohibit) and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. ③The law will prohibit people hunting wild animals. ④Please note that any (prohibit) items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life. smoking prohibition from prohibited⑤我认为有必要禁止游客与动物拍照,从而为它们提供一个舒适的生活环境。I think it necessary to _________ __________ _______ ________ ________________with animals,making a comfortable environment for them to live in. prohibit tourists from takingpictures/photos9.wrestle vi.& vt.奋力对付,努力处理;摔跤 wrestle with sb跟某人摔跤wrestle with sth奋力对付某事,努力处理某事wrestle to do sth努力做某事wrestling n.摔跤;扭斗wrestler n.摔跤选手,搏斗者【佳句背诵】We had to physically wrestle the child from the man’s arms.[过去经历]我们只得用力地从那个男子怀里把孩子夺过来。【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级①She had spent the whole weekend wrestling the problem. ②She has been wrestling (raise) the money all year. ③Wise words considering being fleet of foot is how a (wrestle) starts his day. ④We will make great efforts to achieve the Chinese dream.→We will _____________________the Chinese dream. with to raise wrestler wrestle to achieve10.debate vt.& vi.讨论,辩论;仔细考虑,思考n.讨论,争论;辩论debate on/about/over...就……辩论debate sth with sb与某人辩论某事debate oneself仔细考虑;思考have a debate进行讨论/辩论under debate在讨论中beyond/without debate无可争辩debater n.参加讨论者【佳句背诵】With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress,consumers must take a stand with young farmers.[社会生活]随着国会将讨论一项新的农业法案,消费者必须与年轻农民站在同一立场。【巧辨异同】【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译①The suggestion he put forward is still debate. ②They debated who was to blame for the traffic accident until it was 9 o’clock. ③I don’t want to debate such things you.④He is a skilled (debate) and had a deep knowledge of the content. 你妈妈和我讨论过同样的问题。→⑤Your mother and I _______________________________the same question.(n.) →⑥Your mother and I ____________________the same question.(vt.) under about/on/over with debaterhave had a debate about/on/over have debated11.without doubt 毫无疑问,的确 no doubt无疑,很可能(常在句中作状语)in doubt不肯定;不确定have any/no doubt about...怀疑/不怀疑……There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……There is some doubt whether/if...怀疑是否……don’t doubt that...不怀疑……doubt whether/if...怀疑/不相信是否……【特别提醒】doubt不论作动词还是名词用,只要位于否定词后面,从句引导词用that,如果用于肯定句,引导词用whether/if。【佳句背诵】It’s still a little too cold for them to go out into the open,but as soon as the weather warms up,I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.[家庭生活]对它们来说,外面还是有点太冷,但一旦天气暖和起来,我毫不怀疑小家伙每天都会出去探索和玩耍。【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译①There is still some doubt the autumn sports meeting will be held in our school. ②I don’t doubt my father will come to watch my performance,but I doubt whether he can come on time. ③He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green,but he has no doubt it. whether/if that about ④In the near future,it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be doubt. 毫无疑问,他是班里最努力的学生。→⑤_________________________ he is the most hardworking student in the class.(同位语从句) →⑥ ,he is the most hardworking student in the class. in There is no doubt that Without doubtⅠ.一词多义beingA.n.生物 B.n.存在 C.n.身心 ①A new era was brought into being by the war. ②A nuclear war would kill millions of living beings. ③I hate violence with my whole being. BACⅡ.教材熟词生义1.contract与……订立合同(或契约)(使)收缩感染疾病2.wrestle 摔跤奋力对付3.debate 讨论仔细考虑1.“nothing/nobody/none...+as/so+原级+as”表示最高级【教材原句】Over the course of my career,I have seen many wonderful scientific developments,but none are as game-changing as genome editing.在我的职业生涯中,我见证了许多了不起的科学发展,但没有一个能像基因组编辑那样具有颠覆性。“否定词+as/so...as”以及“否定词+比较级(+than)”结构均表示最高级含义。否定词not,never,nothing,no等与形容词或副词的比较级连用时,表达最高级含义。【佳句背诵】For in-person humor,quality isn’t as important as you might think.[人际交往]对于面对面的幽默来说,质量并不像你想象的那么重要。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①The news couldn’t have come at a (good) time. ②Mr.Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been (much) popular. ③她最喜欢沿着海滩愉快地散步。She likes ________ _________ ________a nice walk along the beach. better more nothing better than2.without引导的含蓄条件句【教材原句】Without them,genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.如果没有适当的控制措施,基因组编辑可能会像失控的汽车一样危险。without表示“没有”,without短语可以含蓄地表示某一假设条件,这时句子应使用虚拟语气。另外,当含有without的含蓄虚拟条件句表示对过去的虚拟时,句子谓语动词应用would/should/could/might have done形式,without短语也可以替换为“if+主语+had not+过去分词”。【佳句背诵】Without your assistance,I would never have gone this far in English studies.[表达感谢]没有您的帮助,我不会在英语学习上走得这么远。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①It was Mr.Zhang that helped us out of the trouble.Without his help,we (not manage) it so easily. ②Without the job,he simply (have) too much time and would just do what I did back in college. ③Without his support,we (not be) where we are now. ④要是没有您的帮忙,工作便无法及时完成了。Without your help,the job _________ _______ ________ ________ ____________in time. couldn’t have managed would have wouldn’t bewould have never beencompleted
相关资料
更多
