内蒙古自治区通辽市科尔沁区通辽市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题

这是一份内蒙古自治区通辽市科尔沁区通辽市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题，文件包含内蒙古自治区通辽市科尔沁区通辽市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题教师版docx、内蒙古自治区通辽市科尔沁区通辽市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Kmpng Phhluk Private Tur
Depart the city fr an unspiled flating cmmunity called Kmpng Phhluk which is well-knwn fr its stilted-huse (吊脚楼) villages and flded frest.
Stp n the way fr the Rlus Market tur. This is a great chance fr yu t take the phts f lcals selling vegetables, different fish species and ther lcal prduce.
After this market tur we’ll all have a bat trip t the flating cmmunity f Kmpng Phhluk, visit an island pagda, schl and huses standing n 8 r 10m high stilts, fish farms and learn abut the village life.
Stp and have lunch in a family’s huse befre getting int a rw bat and venturing int the flded frest, the habitat t sme famus water-bird species.
Eventually we jump back int the big bat and set ff fr the largest fresh water lake in SE Asia, Tnle Sap.
Tur Details
·Departs 8.30am
·Returns arund 2pm
·A picnic lunch with sandwiches and drinks is prvided. We cannt prvide lcal fd frm the area due t pr sanitatin (卫生设备), lack f hygiene standards and refrigeratin.
·N passes required
Rates
·These rates are based n an English speaking guide.
·Rates include all transprt, water and a picnic lunch.
·Children 11 years and under are 50%.
·Children 4 years and belw are free.
·If yur grup is larger than 5 peple please email us fr the best rate.
Number f Peple Price Per Persn
1 Persn $65
2 Peple $45
3 Peple $40
4 Peple $35
5 Peple $32
What t Wear
·Please be mindful f yur clthing and try t avid anything t revealing.
·We strngly recmmend a sunglasses, hat and sunscreen.
General Infrmatin
·This is a pr rural village, please be mindful f the envirnment.
·Please d nt hand things ut t villagers, fr this leads t creating a begging cycle and can create jealusy.
·We recmmend heading t the tilet befre yu g n this trip as facilities (设施) are very basic
1. Kmpng Phhluk is famus fr its ________.
A. lcal vegetables and different fish speciesB. stilted-huse villages and flded frest
C. Rlus Market and island pagdaD. water-bird habitat and fish farms
2. A private trip fr tw parents and a 3-year-ld by csts ________.
A. $40B. $80C. $90D. $120
3. We can cnclude frm the passage that ________.
A. the living standard in the village is quite lw
B. the turist facilities alng the way are quite gd
C. revealing clthes are apprpriate in the ht weather
D. giving lcal children small gifts is strngly recmmended
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了旅游地Kmpng Phhluk的特色、景点、费用以及注意事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Depart the city fr an unspiled flating cmmunity called Kmpng Phhluk which is well-knwn fr its stilted-huse (吊脚楼) villages and flded frest.”可知，离开城市前往一个名为Kmpng Phhluk的未受破坏的漂浮社区，它以吊脚楼村和被淹没的森林而出名。故B选项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由“Children 4 years and belw are free及2 Peple $45”可知，父母领着三岁的男孩的花费只有父母的45*2=$90，三岁男孩免费，因此一共花费$90。故C选项正确。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由“We cannt prvide lcal fd frm the area due t pr sanitatin (卫生设备), lack f hygiene standards and refrigeratin.”以及“This is a pr rural village”可知，由于卫生条件差、缺乏卫生标准和冷藏设备，我们无法提供当地的食物。这是一个很贫穷的村庄。所以通过关键词“pr sanitatin (卫生设备), lack f hygiene standards and refrigeratin”。故判断出从这篇文章我们可以得出结论，村里的生活水平相当低。故A选项正确。
【点睛】抓住特定信息进行逆向或者正向推理。做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
由“We cannt prvide lcal fd frm the area due t pr sanitatin (卫生设备), lack f hygiene standards and refrigeratin.”以及“This is a pr rural village”可知，由于卫生条件差、缺乏卫生标准和冷藏设备，我们无法提供当地的食物。这是一个很贫穷的村庄。所以通过关键词“pr sanitatin (卫生设备), lack f hygiene standards and refrigeratin”。故判断出从这篇文章我们可以得出结论，村里的生活水平相当低。故小题3的正确选项为A选项。
B
Saturday finally came. And I was lking at my watch very ften.
As the sun began t set, Henry had tw visitrs, Tm and Je. They were tw miners and were Henry's friends. They carried guitars and brught flwers and a bttle f whiskey. They put the flwers in vases and began t play sme fast and lively sngs.
That night, they kept giving Henry glasses f whiskey, which they made him drink. When I reached fr ne f the tw glasses left n the table, Tm stpped my arm. "Drp that glass and take the ther ne!" he whispered. He gave the remaining glass f whiskey t Henry just as the clck began t strike midnight.
Henry emptied the glass. His face grew whiter and whiter. "Bys," he said, "I am feeling sick. I want t lie dwn."
Henry was asleep almst befre the wrds were ut f his muth.
In a mment, his tw friends had picked him up and carried him int the bedrm. They fastened the dr and came back. They seemed t be getting ready t leave. S I said, "Please dn't g gentlemen. She is cming back and will nt knw me. I am a stranger t her."
They lked at each ther. "Henry's wife has been dead fr nineteen years," Tm said.
"Dead?" I whispered.
"Dead r wrse," he said.
"She went t see her parents abut six mnths after she gt married. On her way back, n a Saturday evening in June, when she was almst here, the Indians captured her. N ne ever saw her again. Henry lst his mind. He thinks she is still alive. When June cmes, he thinks she has gne n her trip t see her parents. Then he begins t wait fr her t cme back."
"On the Saturday night she is suppsed t cme hme, we cme here t be with him. We put a sleeping drug in his drink s he will sleep thrugh the night. Then he is all right fr anther year."
Je picked up his hat and his guitar. "We have dne this every June fr nineteen years," he said. He pened the dr f the pretty little huse and then they disappeared int the darkness.
4. What d yu think Henry tld the authr previusly?
A. They wuld enjy whiskey tgether.B. His wife was returning frm a trip.
C. His friends were cming t see him.D. The Indians were t attack.
5. Why did Henry's tw friends cme t visit him n the Saturday night?
A. T accmpany him and then put him t sleep.
B. T wipe ut his painful memry with alchl.
C. T perfrm their prmise made t a clse friend.
D. T expect his wife back hme befre midnight.
6. What des the underlined sentence in the text indicate?
A. Henry's lve fr his wife was unimaginable.
B. Henry's lss f his wife made him desperate.
C. Henry was cnvinced f her trip back hme.
D. Henry had suffered frm mental disrder ever since.
7. Which f the fllwing wrds best describes Henry's tw friends?
A. SrrwfulB. TrickyC. DevtedD. Tugh
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Henry在结婚六个月后失去了他的妻子，但他始终认为他的妻子会回来，于是一直等着她。为了帮助Henry，他的两个朋友会在他的妻子失踪的那天来找Henry喝酒，并在酒里放安眠药帮助他度过最难过的这一天的故事
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第六段最后一句话“Please dn't g gentlemen. She is cming back and will nt knw me. I am a stranger t her.”（先生们，请不要走。她回来了，不认识我。我对她来说是个陌生人。）可知，Henry告诉作者他的妻子会回来。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“On the Saturday night she is suppsed t cme hme, we cme here t be with him. We put a sleeping drug in his drink s he will sleep thrugh the night. Then he is all right fr anther year.”（周六晚上她应该回家，我们来这里陪他。我们在他的饮料里放了安眠药，这样他就可以整晚睡觉了。那么他可以一整年安然无恙了。）可知，他们来这是为陪伴Henry并让Henry能够睡一整晚。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据划横线的句子“He thinks she is still alive. When June cmes, he thinks she has gne n her trip t see her parents. Then he begins t wait fr her t cme back.”（他认为她还活着。当六月来的时候，他认为她已经去看望她的父母了。然后他开始等待她回来。）以及下一段第一句话“On the Saturday night she is suppsed t cme hme”（周六晚上她应该回家）可推测，Henry认为他的妻子看望父母之后，一定会回来。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“We have dne this every June fr nineteen years”（十九年来，我们每年六月都这样做）可推测，Tm and Je是Henry忠诚的朋友。故选C。
【点睛】阅读理解测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局做出合理的推断或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
C
“If yu lk up in the sky, yu prbably see, at sme pint, a plane. And behind that plane are white lines. And that’s what we call cntrails(航迹云),” said Mare Stettler, an Imperial Cllege Lndn engineer. It’s believed that planes accunt fr abut 3 percent f the climate-changing carbn dixide release we add t the atmsphere and are warming the planet in anther way.
Cntrails are made up f ice crystals(冰晶) that frm when plane engines release exhaust that hits the cld air. The ice crystals reflect incming light frm the sun back int space, which has a cling effect n the atmsphere. But cntrails als stp heat cming up frm the grund frm escaping int space. It’s reflected back dwn tward the grund. And s that’s a warming effect.
Stettler said, “On balance, cntrails warm the atmsphere mre than they cl it. And that’s primarily because the cling effect due t reflecting f sunlight can nly happen during the day when the sun’s shining, while the warming effect due t trapping f utging heat happens all f the time. Sme cntrails can frm cluds that last fr up t 18 hurs. During that time, they spread ut, trapping even mre heat. This prcess allws cntrails t warm the earth abut as much as the carbn dixide release frm planes.”
“By changing the altitude nly by a cuple f thusand feet, either up r dwn, it wuld n lnger frm a cntrail. And s what we fund in the study was that by changing the altitude f less than 2 percent f flights, we culd actually eliminate just under 60 percent f the warming effect due t cntrails,” added Stettler. This imprved understanding f hw t manage cntrails presents an pprtunity fr the airline industry t reduce its glbal envirnmental impact.
8. Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic f the text?
A. By asking questins.B. By quting smene’s wrds.
C. By presenting examples.D. By listing cmparative statistics.
9. What d we knw abut cntrails?
A. They can warm and cl the atmsphere.
B. They are frmed by the reflectin f sunlight.
C. They d mre gd than harm t the atmsphere.
D They hardly cause the cling effect during the day.
10. What des the underlined wrd “eliminate” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Break away frm.B. Run ut f.C. Get rid f.D. Put up with.
11. What is the main idea f the text?
A. The release f carbn dixide is increasing.
B. Cntrails are affecting the climate f the planet.
C. The altitude f planes is linked t glbal warming.
D. Cluds frm plane exhaust are caused by glbal warming.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了飞机在空中飞行时会在身后留下航迹云，航迹云会导致地球变暖，对大气环境的影响是弊大于利的，而适当调整飞机的飞行高度可以很大程度降低航迹云的影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中““If yu lk up in the sky, yu prbably see, at sme pint, a plane. And behind that plane are white lines. And that’s what we call cntrails(航迹云),” said Mare Stettler, an Imperial Cllege Lndn engineer.(“如果你抬头望向天空，你可能在某个时间看到一架飞机飞过。飞机后面有白色的线。我们称之为航迹云。”Mare Stettler说道，他是帝国理工学院的一名工程师)”可知，文章开头引述了工程师Mare Stettler的话，给出了航迹云的概念，也引出了文章主题。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Cntrails are made up f ice crystals(冰晶) that frm when plane engines release exhaust that hits the cld air. The ice crystals reflect incming light frm the sun back int space, which has a cling effect n the atmsphere. But cntrails als stp heat cming up frm the grund frm escaping int space. It’s reflected back dwn tward the grund. And s that’s a warming effect.(航迹云是由冰晶组成的，当飞机引擎排出的尾气与冷空气相遇时就产生了冰晶。这些冰晶将太阳射来的光反射回太空里，对于大气有着冷却效果。但航迹云也会阻地球上的热量扩散到太空中去。这些热量被反射回地面。这样又成了加热效果)”可知，航迹云对于大气同时存在降温和加热效果，与A选项描述相符。故选A项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。由划线词所在句前一句“By changing the altitude nly by a cuple f thusand feet, either up r dwn, it wuld n lnger frm a cntrail.(通过仅改变飞行高度几千英尺，不论是向上还是向下，都不会再产生航迹云。)”可知，研究发现改变飞机的飞行高度可以减少航迹云的形成，则在划线词所在句中，通过调整航班的飞行高度，应当会消除、减少航迹云带来的负面效果，eliminate应表示“消除、排除”，与C选项“摆脱、甩掉”含义最接近。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。浏览全文可知，文章首段引出航迹云这一概念，然后介绍了其对大气环境的正面和负面影响，指出使大气变暖的弊端更大，并在最后一段提出了解决方法，B选项“航迹云正在影响地球气候”符合文章主要内容。故选B项。
D
Almst every day I’ve been having an alarming number f “what planet am I n?” mments. This is particularly true when it cmes t the tpic f artificial intelligence.
Witness this headline frm the New Yrk Times: “The Gdfather f A.I. Warns f Danger Ahead.” Here’s anther ne, frm the New Yrk Pst: “Ex-Ggle Exec M Gawdat Warns AI Culd Create ‘Killing Machines.’” But dn’t wrry! Here’s mre, frm CNBC: “An Annual Meeting Attended by the Wrld’s Elite (精英) Has A.I. Tp f the Agenda.” These unaccuntable, largely unelected rich peple are apparently ready t slve the prblems f this mad wrld. The assumptin, it appears, is that this “hnred” grup has it all under cntrl, which is funny given that the crazed AI cat is already miles ut f its trn bag. I’ll say it again: What planet am I n?
But my friends, wh decided all this, anyway? Wh made AI king? The answer is nbdy, and als everybdy, I guess. N ne’s really in charge, and if we’re hnest with each ther, there is nt a thing anyne can d. As t me, I d try. I dn’t uplad my phts t the clud. I dn’t engage with ChatGPT, and I never use facial recgnitin n my phne—but my husband des bth. “Yu’re feeding the beast!” I tell him. “Wh cares?” he usually replies, “It’s happening with r withut us.”
Maybe AI will make it a lt easier t re-bk airline tickets with flight credits that yu unwillingly earned when the airline canceled yur flight hme frm yur ski vacatin. Just kidding—f curse it wn’t. But in all seriusness, I’m sure AI will make the gvernment cmpletely efficient. Ha! Gt yu again! Smetimes I like t think back t the 90’s, when sizeable numbers f smart peple were all cmplaining abut the “end f histry” and the general assumptin was that things in the future wuld get ever mre sensible. It all seems kind f funny nw, desn’t it?
Here’s the gd news: I just made my husband read this clumn, and he finally agreed t disable facial recgnitin n his phne. The bad news: I think it requires facial recgnitin t get it dne.
12. The underlined sentence in paragraph 2 implies that __________.
A. we shuld dismiss AI warnings frm experts
B. AI technlgy has made significant advancements
C. negative impacts f AI have becme uncntrllable
D. the wrld is amazed by the rapid develpment f AI
13. By mentining her husband in paragraph 3, the authr intends t __________.
A. criticize him fr misusing AI
B. urge readers t resist the use f AI
C. demnstrate the pssibility f being slave t AI
D. present a cmmn perspective peple have n AI
14. Accrding t the passage, what is the authr mst likely t agree with?
A. AI makes the wrld mre sensible.
B. AI desn’t live up t ur expectatins.
C. AI makes the gvernment less efficient.
D. AI can slve the cmplex prblems humans are facing.
15. What is the authr’s tne in the text?
A. Cnfident.B. Irnic.C. Prud.D. Dismissive.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在短文中表达了对人工智能的担忧和不解，指出一些富有的人似乎准备解决这个疯狂世界的问题，但实际上没有人真正掌控局面。作者还讨论了自己对人工智能的态度，以及对人工智能可能带来的影响的一些幽默和严肃的看法。最后，作者分享了丈夫对于禁用手机上的面部识别功能的态度。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“These unaccuntable, largely unelected rich peple are apparently ready t slve the prblems f this mad wrld. The assumptin, it appears, is that this “hnred” grup has it all under cntrl, which is funny given that the crazed AI cat is already miles ut f its trn bag.”（这些不负责任的、大部分未经选举的富人显然已经准备好解决这个疯狂世界的问题。看起来，这个“光荣”的团体似乎已经控制住了一切，这很有趣，因为疯狂的人工智能猫已经从撕破的袋子里跑出来了。）由此可知，第2段中划线的句子暗示人工智能的负面影响已经变得无法控制。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“I dn’t uplad my phts t the clud. I dn’t engage with ChatGPT, and I never use facial recgnitin n my phne—but my husband des bth. “Yu’re feeding the beast!” I tell him. “Wh cares?” he usually replies, “It’s happening with r withut us.””（我不把照片上传到云端。我不使用ChatGPT，也从不在手机上使用面部识别功能——但我丈夫两者都用。“你在喂野兽！”我告诉他。“谁在乎呢？他通常会回答：“不管有没有我们，事情都会发生。”）可知，作者提到自己的丈夫对于人工智能的看法，目的是提出人们对人工智能的共同看法。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Maybe AI will make it a lt easier t re-bk airline tickets with flight credits that yu unwillingly earned when the airline canceled yur flight hme frm yur ski vacatin. Just kidding—f curse it wn’t. But in all seriusness, I’m sure AI will make the gvernment cmpletely efficient. Ha! Gt yu again!”（也许人工智能会让你更容易用航空公司取消你滑雪度假回家的航班时不情愿获得的航班积分来重新预订机票。开个玩笑——当然不会。但说真的，我相信人工智能将使政府完全高效。哈！又抓到你了！）可推知，作者认为人工智能并没有达到我们的期望。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据对文章的理解以及最后一段“Here’s the gd news: I just made my husband read this clumn, and he finally agreed t disable facial recgnitin n his phne. The bad news: I think it requires facial recgnitin t get it dne.”（好消息是：我刚刚让我丈夫读了这篇专栏，他终于同意禁用手机上的面部识别功能。坏消息是：我认为这需要面部识别才能完成。）可知，，作者在短文中表达了对人工智能的担忧和不解，指出一些富有的人似乎准备解决这个疯狂世界的问题，但实际上没有人真正掌控局面。作者还讨论了自己对人工智能的态度，以及对人工智能可能带来的影响的一些幽默和严肃的看法。由此可推知，作者在文章中的语气是具有讽刺意味的。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The 24 slar terms were created thusands f years ag in China t guide agricultural prductin. They als reflect China’s rich histry thrugh the seasnal festivals, special fds, cultural ceremnies, family gatherings and even healthy living tips that crrespnd with each slar term.____16____
Rain Water signals the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, lively spring-like scenery starts blssming: the river water defreezes, wild geese mve frm suth t nrth and trees and grass turn green again.
____17____In nrthern China, the spring drught is cmmn and the precipitatin f this seasn accunts fr nly 10 t 15 percent f annual average rainfall. At this time f year, farmers begin t plugh their fields. It’s the right time t prepare fr spring swing when the day gets warmer.____18____
During Rain Water perid, extra care is needed t deal with a returning cld spell and humidity, which is the amunt f water in the air.____19____It is strngly advised nt t take ff the thick cats t early and t keep warm, especially the elderly and children.
The wet and humid weather during Rain Water perid is cnsidered harmful fr peple’s spleen and stmach accrding t Chinese medical practice.____20____Peple in Beijing ften eat prridge (粥) cked with a kind f Chinese herb medicine t resist cld and wet weather. Hney, dates and Chinese yam are als very gd nurishment (营养) t put in the prridge.
A. With Rain Water cming, insects becme mre active.
B. A bwl f nutritius prridge is the best chice t nurish the bdy.
C. Therefre, Rain Water is cnsidered as a key perid t water the fields.
D. Accrding t an ld Chinese saying, the rainfall in spring is as precius as il.
E. The temperature in mst f the basin areas increases quickly during Rain Water.
F. One f the 24 slar terms, which is very imprtant in spring, is called Rain Water.
G. The fast increase in air humidity due t rainfall can result in lwer temperature and wet weather.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了24节气之一的雨水，以及雨水在春天的重要性。
【16题详解】
根据上文“They als reflect China’s rich histry thrugh the seasnal festivals, special fds, cultural ceremnies, family gatherings and even healthy living tips that crrespnd with each slar term.（它们还反映了中国丰富的历史，通过季节性的节日，特殊的食物，文化仪式，家庭聚会，甚至健康的生活技巧，与每个节气相对应）”以及第二段第一句“Rain Water signals the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.（雨水预示着降雨量的增加和气温的上升）”F项：One f the 24 slar terms, which is very imprtant in spring, is called Rain Water.（二十四节气之一，在春天非常重要，被称为雨水）承接上句，并且引出后文要介绍的二十四节气之一的雨水，承上启下。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据后句“In nrthern China, the spring drught is cmmn and the precipitatin f this seasn accunts fr nly 10 t 15 percent f annual average rainfall.（在中国北方，春旱很常见，这个季节的降水量只占年平均降水量的10%到15%）”可知，春季北方是缺雨的，因此春雨非常珍贵。D项：Accrding t an ld Chinese saying, the rainfall in spring is as precius as il.（中国有句古话，春雨贵如油）符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上句“At this time f year, farmers begin t plugh their fields. It’s the right time t prepare fr spring swing when the day gets warmer.（每年的这个时候，农民们开始犁地。天气转暖时，正是准备春播的好时机）”可知，C项：Therefre, Rain Water is cnsidered as a key perid t water the fields.（因此，雨水被认为是灌溉农田的关键时期）和上句构成因果关系，说明雨水是人们准备春播灌溉农田的关键时期。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据后句“It is strngly advised nt t take ff the thick cats t early and t keep warm, especially the elderly and children.（强烈建议不要过早脱下厚外套，注意保暖，特别是老人和儿童）”可知，G项：The fast increase in air humidity due t rainfall can result in lwer temperature and wet weather.（降雨导致空气湿度迅速增加，导致气温下降，天气潮湿）是建议人们不要过早脱下厚外套，注意保暖的原因。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后句“Peple in Beijing ften eat prridge(粥) cked with a kind f Chinese herb medicine t resist cld and wet weather.（北京人经常吃一种中草药煮的粥，以抵御寒冷和潮湿的天气）”可知，B项：A bwl f nutritius prridge is the best chice t nurish the bdy.（一碗营养粥是滋养身体的最佳选择）后句承接B项具体说明北京人经常吃的一种中草药煮的粥来抵御寒冷和潮湿的天气，话题一致。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wikipedia, the US-based nline encyclpedia (百科全书), is 10 this year. It is the largest encyclpedia ever. The site, ___21___ in 2001 by Americans Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger, is nw the fifth mst-visited n the Internet. It has abut 17 millin articles in ver 270 languages and abut 400 millin peple g t the site each day, ___22___ infrmatin n just abut anything: maths, languages, art, culture and cmpany histries. There are articles n sprts stars, t, and even ___23___ sap peras frm the 1970s.
Wikipedia ___24___ an pen editing mdel. Except fr a small number f pages, anyne ran edit articles, annymusly r with a user accunt, and ___25___ users can create their wn articles. Editing is unpaid, althugh Wikipedia des emply a small staff. Wikipedia is freely available t all netizens. Wikipedia ___26___ a new way t share infrmatin and its funders hped that the mdel wuld be able t make use f the ___27___ wisdm f human beings.
Hwever, ___28___ have raised dubts abut the accuracy and ___29___ f Wikipedia’s cntent, since its editrs are mstly ____30____ rather than prfessinals.
There is n dubt that Wikipedia pages cntain many errrs, althugh the rganizatin des attempt t slve prblems with its cntent ____31____ system.
Hwever, several studies have cncluded that Wikipedia is as accurate as mst printed encyclpedias. ____32____, a 2005 reprt in the jurnal Nature fund it t be nly ____33____ less reliable than the Encyclpedia Britannica. Jimmy Wales has big plans fr the future. He wants Wikipedia in every language f the wrld and hpes the number f visitrs will reach 1 billin by 2015. There is n dubt that Wikipedia faces challenges. It carries n ads. Its funds cme frm ____34____. Perhaps mre imprtantly, the number f its vlunteer editrs is falling.
Hwever, Wales says he will still ____35____ his aspiratin — “t d smething useful fr the wrld,” as he tld The Washingtn Pst.
21. A. publishedB. createdC. prpsedD. installed
22. A. making upB. summing upC. lking upD. building up
23. A. permanentB. tempraryC. cntempraryD. lng-frgtten
24. A. enrllsB. emplysC. appintsD. entitles
25. A. justifiedB. participatedC. registeredD. rewarded
26. A. expandedB. enlargedC. struckD. pineered
27. A. cllectiveB. idealisticC. individualD. imaginative
28. A. prfessinalsB. criticsC. psychlgistsD. supprters
29. A. accessB. cnvenienceC. explanatinD. authrity
30. A. executivesB. amateursC. authritiesD. experts
31. A. reviewB. facilityC. licenceD. prpsal
32. A. IncrediblyB. ReasnablyC. CheerfullyD. Indeed
33. A. undubtedlyB. increasinglyC. slightlyD. necessarily
34. A. negtiatinsB. cmmerceC. rutinesD. dnatins
35. A. make rm frB. stick tC. put frwardD. g in fr
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了维基百科作为有史以来最大的百科全书，由美国人吉米·威尔士和拉里·桑格于2001年创建，目前在互联网上访问量排名第五。然而，批评人士对维基百科内容的准确性和权威性提出了质疑，因为其编辑大多是业余人士，而不是专业人士。然而，几项研究已经得出结论，维基百科和大多数印刷的百科全书一样准确。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该网站由美国人吉米·威尔士和拉里·桑格于2001年创建，目前在互联网上访问量排名第五。A. published出版；B. created创造；C. prpsed提议；D. installed安装。根据句意可知，此处表示“创造”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它拥有超过270种语言的1700万篇文章，每天大约有4亿人访问这个网站，搜索几乎所有的信息:数学、语言、艺术、文化和公司历史。A. making up编造；B. summing up总结；C. lking up查阅；仰望；D. building up建造。根据下文infrmatin可知，此处是查阅信息。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也有关于体育明星的文章，甚至还有上世纪70年代被遗忘已久的肥皂剧。A. permanent永久的；B. temprary暂时的；C. cntemprary当代的；D. lng-frgtten长期被遗忘的。根据下文frm the 1970s可知，此处是长期被遗忘的。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Wikipedia采用了一个开放的编辑模型。A. enrlls注册；B. emplys雇佣，采用；C. appints任命；D. entitles给予权利。根据句意可知，此处是采用了一个开放的编辑模型。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了少数页面，任何人都可以匿名或使用用户帐户运行编辑文章，注册用户可以创建自己的文章。A. justified调整；B. participated参与；C. registered注册；D. rewarded奖赏。网站需要用户注册才能创建自己的文章。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：维基百科开创了一种共享信息的新方式，其创始人希望这种模式能够利用人类的集体智慧。A. expanded扩大；B. enlarged放大；C. struck罢工；打击；D. pineered倡导，开创，作先驱。根据下文a new way t share infrmatin可知，此处是开创了一种共享信息的新方式。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：维基百科开创了一种共享信息的新方式，其创始人希望这种模式能够利用人类的集体智慧。A. cllective集体的；B. idealistic理想主义的；C. individual个人的；D. imaginative富于想象的。短语cllective wisdm“集体智慧”，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，批评人士对维基百科内容的准确性和权威性提出了质疑，因为其编辑大多是业余人士，而不是专业人士。A. prfessinals专业人员；B. critics评论家；批评人士；C. psychlgists心理学家；D. supprters支持者。根据下文have raised dubts abut可知，此处是批评人士提出了质疑。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，批评人士对维基百科内容的准确性和权威性提出了质疑，因为其编辑大多是业余人士，而不是专业人士。A. access进入；B. cnvenience便利；C. explanatin解释；D. authrity权威。根据下文since its editrs are mstly ___10___ rather than prfessinals.可知，此处对维基百科内容的准确性和权威性提出了质疑。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，批评人士对维基百科内容的准确性和权威性提出了质疑，因为其编辑大多是业余人士，而不是专业人士。A. executives主管们；B. amateurs业余爱好者；C. authrities当局；D. experts专家。根据下文rather than prfessinals可知，此处是业余爱好者。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析句意：毫无疑问，Wikipedia页面包含许多错误，尽管该组织确实试图用其内容审查系统解决问题。A. review回顾；审查；B. facility设施；C. licence许可证；D. prpsal提议。根据上文There is n dubt that Wikipedia pages cntain many errrs可知，此处表示“审查”。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，2005年发表在《自然》杂志上的一份报告发现，它的可靠性仅略低于《大英百科全书》。A. Incredibly难以置信地；B. Reasnably合理地；C. Cheerfully高兴地；D. Indeed确实。根据下文可知此处表示赞同上文Hwever, several studies have cncluded that Wikipedia is as accurate as mst printed encyclpedias.的观点，故用“确实；的确”。选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，2005年发表在《自然》杂志上的一份报告发现，它的可靠性仅略低于《大英百科全书》。A. undubtedly毋庸置疑地；B. increasingly越来越多地；C. slightly轻轻地；稍微地；D. necessarily必要地。根据语境可知，此处指它的可靠性仅稍微低于《大英百科全书》。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的资金来自捐赠。A. negtiatins谈判；B. cmmerce贸易；C. rutines常规；D. dnatins捐赠。根据上文It carries n ads.可知，此处指它的资金来自捐赠。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，威尔士表示，他仍将坚持自己的愿望——“为世界做一些有用的事情，”他告诉《华盛顿邮报》。A. make rm fr让地方；B. stick t坚持；C. put frward提出；D. g in fr参与。根据上文still可知，他仍然坚持自己的愿望。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷（共计55分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“All suspects reprtedly ____36____ (invlve) in the killing f a middle schl student by classmates in Feixiang district f Handan, Hebei prvince, have been arrested”, accrding t a statement by lcal authrities n Sunday night.
The Beijing News reprted that ver the past mnths, this case f the 13-year-ld by, inhumanly killed by his three classmates, ____37____ (cause) anger and furius debate n juvenile crime.
The victim and his classmates are “left-behind children”, ____38____ term used t describe kids in China wh live with their grandparents in rural areas ____39____ their parents wrk in the cities. The victim went missing in the afternn f 10 March. The lcal gvernment said the by likely died n the same day. “He had been bullied by his three classmates fr a lng time”, said the family’s lawyer, Zang Fanqing, in a Weib pst n Mnday. Under questining by authrities, the three led plice t the by’s bdy, after ____40____ (initial) denying that they knew ____41____ it was buried.
The case has triggered an utpuring f grief n scial media, with ____42____ (ten) f thusands f psts n Weib and Duyin ver the weekend. “The whle cuntry is watching this case. I hpe the plice can be fair and give the ____43____ (victim) family a satisfying answer and that the suspects must be punished ____44____ their yung age,” ne user said in a cmment, which gt 50,000 likes. Many in the cmments als demanded that the suspects _____45_____ (punish) harshly. Plice are still investigating the mtive fr the killing.
【答案】36. invlved
37. had caused
38. a 39. while
40. initially
41. where 42. tens
43. victim’s
44 despite
45. be punished##shuld be punished
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了河北省邯郸市肥乡区一名中学生被同学杀害一案的所有嫌疑人已被逮捕的消息，并介绍了该案件的始末及其在网上引发的大量的激烈争论。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据当地政府周日晚间发布的一份声明称，“据报道，河北省邯郸市肥乡区一名中学生被同学杀害一案的所有嫌疑人已被逮捕。”空处作suspects的后置定语，是非谓语动词，invlve“牵涉，卷入”和suspects逻辑上是被动关系，且动作当时已完成，应用invlve的过去分词形式。故填invlved。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：据《新京报》报道，在过去的几个月里，这个13岁男孩被他的三个同学残忍杀害的案件引发了人们对青少年犯罪的愤怒和激烈争论。空处作宾语从句的谓语，结合“The Beijing News reprted that ver the past mnths”可知，行为发生在过去的过去，时态应用过去完成时。故填had caused。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：受害者和他的同学都是“留守儿童”，这个词用来形容那些在农村和祖父母住在一起，而他们的父母在城市工作的孩子。空处表示泛指，意为“一个术语，一个词语”，应用不定冠词，且term的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：受害者和他的同学都是“留守儿童”，这个词用来形容那些在农村和祖父母住在一起，而他们的父母在城市工作的孩子。空处前后为完整的句子，且前后形成对比，因此应用并列连词while连接前后内容，意为“而”，表示对比两种情况。故填while。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：在当局的盘问下，这三人先是否认知道男孩的尸体被埋在哪里，然后带领警方找到了男孩的尸体。空处修饰动词denying，应用副词relatively，意为“最初”，作状语。故填initially。
【41题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：在当局的盘问下，这三人先是否认知道男孩的尸体被埋在哪里，然后带领警方找到了男孩的尸体。空处引导名词性从句作knew的宾语，结合“the three led plice t the by’s bdy”可知，从句中缺少地点状语，空处需表达“何地”，应用连接副词where作引导词。故填where。
【42题详解】
考查数词。句意：这起案件在社交媒体上引发了大量的悲痛，周末期间，微博和抖音上有数以万计的帖子。固定表达tens f thusands f意为“数以万计的”。故填tens。
【43题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：我希望警方能够公平对待，给受害者家属一个满意的答案，尽管嫌疑人年纪还小，但他们必须受到惩罚。空处修饰名词family，应用名词所有格，表示“受害者家属”。故填victim’s。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：我希望警方能够公平对待，给受害者家属一个满意的答案，尽管嫌疑人年纪还小，但他们必须受到惩罚。空后为名词短语，且前后用让步关系，表示“尽管嫌疑人年纪还小，但他们必须受到惩罚”，应用意为“尽管”的介词despite。故填despite。
【45题详解】
考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：许多评论还要求严惩犯罪嫌疑人。demanded“要求”后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“shuld+动词原形”的形式，且shuld可省略，punish“惩罚”和主语the suspects之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填(shuld) be punished。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Jacksn最近在考虑是否要出国留学，他来信征求你的意见。请你就此用英语给他写一封电子邮件，阐述你的观点，并给出理由(不少于三个)。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jacksn,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jacksn,
I’m mre than delighted t share my pinin, which I hpe will be f sme help t yu. Frankly, I hld the view that it makes gd sense t study abrad. The reasns are as fllws.
T begin with, expsure t a freign language setting while we are studying abrad makes learning prcess engaging and effective. Mrever, bathed in a different culture f a freign cuntry, we can gain great insights int the wrld because crss-cultural experiences can give us a glbal perspective. Studying abrad takes us ut f ur cmfrt zne and changes us fr the better, which is the mst imprtant frm my perspective.
All things cnsidered, I hpe yu can chse t study abrad and start a new life.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Jacksn写一封电子邮件，阐述关于留学的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
认为：hld the view that→think/believe
有帮助的：be f sme help→be helpful
高兴的：delighted→glad
重要的：imprtant→vital
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Mrever, bathed in a different culture f a freign cuntry, we can gain great insights int the wrld because crss-cultural experiences can give us a glbal perspective.
拓展句：Mrever, if we can be bathed in a different culture f a freign cuntry, we can gain great insights int the wrld because crss-cultural experiences can give us a glbal perspective.
【点睛】[高分句型1] T begin with, expsure t a freign language setting while we are studying abrad makes learning prcess engaging and effective. (运用了while引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Studying abrad takes us ut f ur cmfrt zne and changes us fr the better, which is the mst imprtant frm my perspective. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 读后续写
Emily White was brn seventeen years ag with s many birth prblems in her bdy. Sme f her rgans, bnes and muscles were ut f shape. N ne expected her t survive. She did make it but with her strange bdy figure, everyne culd recgnize her, even frm a distance.
In Emily White’s hmetwn, there was a yearly utdr perfrmance in the schl auditrium (大礼堂). It had been perfrmed fr s many years and actually had becme ne f the mst imprtant events f the Christmas seasn fr many f the twn’s peple.
Many peple tried ut each year fr it, but s many were turned away. It can nly include the mst excellent peple in the field.
Emily had a beautiful singing vice. Last year she went t Mrs. Owens — her music teacher t ask t jin in the perfrmance. Withut letting her sing, Mrs. Owens tk a lk at Amy’s bdy and said, “Child, yu just dn’t fit. Everyne wuld stare at yu and that wuld make yu uncmfrtable. It wuld make them uncmfrtable, t.”
Withut singing a single nte, Emily was sent back thrugh the dr f the chral rm. Hurt and upset, she decided never t try ut again. But Mrs. Owens then retired.
This year, there came a new music teacher, Mr. Buttler. He heard abut Emily and suggested that she have a try.
Emily didn’t want t be rejected again, s she hesitated a little abut it. As Emily struggled, the dr was pushed pen and Mr. Buttler called, “Emily, yu’re next.” Althugh kind f nervus, Emily did as Mr. Buttler tld her t d. Mr. Buttler sat by the pian t keep Emily cmpany. When Emily finished her testing perfrmance, she thanked Mr. Buttler and knew the result wuld be psted n the dr f the chral rm the next day.
Emily culdn’t sleep that night. She was suffering frm the feelings that she didn’t fit and the great need t be accepted. By the next mrning, her stmach was even in pain because f stress.
注意：续写词数应为150左右
Paragraph 1: The next day, Emily nervusly glanced at the list n the dr f the chral rm.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Finally, the day f perfrmance came.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The next day, Emily nervusly glanced at the list n the dr f the chral rm. She was nt rejected this time. Her name was psted at the tp f the list. She, Emily White, was chsen t be the leading singer! She wuld sing alne in the perfrmance. Emily culdn’t believe her eyes. There must be sme mistake. But Mr. Buttler said t her with determined eyes, “Emily, I chse yu because yu shuld perfrm the part-yur vice is unusual. Believe in yurself.” Greatly encuraged, Emily practiced really hard.
Finally, the day f perfrmance came. Standing in frnt f the line, Emily felt her thrat tight and her palms sweating. When the curtain pened up, the eyes f the whle audience fell upn Emily. “Emily White!” Smene whispered. Then, alng with the first nte f music, Emily began t sing her heart ut. Her vice was like a nightingale ringing in the auditrium. Applause! Emily felt s happy and cmfrtable. She was shining n the stage. Emily White, with s many birth prblems in her bdy, was an angel!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Emily17年前出生时身体就有很多问题。她的一些器官、骨骼和肌肉变形了，好在Emily有一副美丽的歌喉。但去年，她去找她的音乐老师要求参加演出选拔，却被无情拒绝，今年来了一位新的音乐老师，他听说了Emily的事，给予她一次展示自己的机会，她很感激，但想到次日公布的选拔结果她感到很紧张。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天，Emily紧张地看了看合唱教室门上的名单。”可知，第一段可描写她通过了选拔以及老师对她的鼓励。
②由第二段首句内容“终于，演出的日子到了。”可知，第二段可描写Emily演唱出色，观众为她鼓掌。
2.续写线索：Emily被选中——不敢相信自己的眼睛——Mr. Buttler鼓励Emily——Emily努力练习——紧张——唱得很好——观众鼓掌——Emily高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①选择：chse/select
②鼓励：encurage/inspire
③开始唱：begin t sing/start t sing
情绪类
①坚定的：determined/unswerving
②高兴的：happy/delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1] Emily, I chse yu because yu shuld perfrm the part-yur vice is unusual. (由because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] When the curtain pened up, the eyes f the whle audience fell upn Emily. (由when引导的时间状语从句)