22，2024届东北三省四校高三下学期第四次模拟考试英语试卷

这是一份22，2024届东北三省四校高三下学期第四次模拟考试英语试卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语试卷
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:Hw much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What des the girl think f the exam?
A. It was difficult. B. It was easy. C. It was in a hurry.
2. Which huse des the wman like better?
A. The bigger ne. B. The white ne. C. The brick ne.
3. What did the man get fr his sn?
A. Clthes. B. Tennis shes. C. Sme recrds.
4. Wh will the girl be with n Friday evening?
A. The man. B. Amanda. C. Mary.
5. Where prbably are the speakers?
A. At a cuntry htel. B. At a harvest festival. C. At a wine factry.
第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5 分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。试卷源自 试卷上新，欢迎访问。听下面一段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What car des the man have?
A. A Hnda. B. A Hyundai. C. A BMW.
7. What d we knw abut the man's car?
A. It is new. B. It lks gd. C. It is washed twice a year.
听下面一段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Hw lng have the speakers been waiting?
A.5 minutes. B.10 minutes. C.15 minutes.
9. What is the speakers' last adventure?
A. They gt sme free drinks.
B. They called a wrng waiter.
C. They gt seats next t the kitchen.
听下面一段材料，回答第10 至13题。
10. What is a cl lg usually n?
A. A pl shirt. B. A cl T-shirt. C. Casual carg pants.
11. What d girls wear at dance clubs?
A. Shrt shirts and jeans.
B. Shrt shirts and carg pants.
C. Carg pants and high heels.
12. What jewelry des the wman always wear?
A. A ring. B. A necklace. C. Earrings.
13. Hw des the wman feel abut the clubs?
A. She likes them. B. She thinks them nisy. C. She thinks them trublesme.
听下面一段材料，回答第14 至17题。
14. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He is an experienced plice fficer.
B. He has been a plice fficer fr 13 years.
C. He has been ding patrl wrk these years.
15. What des the man think f being a plice fficer?
A. It is interesting. B. It is dangerus. C. It is stressful.
16. What assignment is the man mainly talking abut?
A. Patrl. B. Detective wrk. C. Supervising investigatins.
17. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Hstess and guest. C. Hstess and audience.
听下面一段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the talk mainly abut?
A. Huse decrating skills. B. Huse selecting secrets. C. Hme imprvements plans.
19. Why prbably des the speaker prefer sme new fixtures?
A. The ld nes dn't match the carpet.
B. The ld nes are brken.
C The ld nes are smewhat dark.
20. What is the last jb?
A. Building a deck. B. Changing the rf. C. Designing a yard.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Medical Examinatin Instructins
These medical instructins are being issued as yur immigratin (移民) applicatin has reached the stage where medical examinatin results are required.
When, wh and hw t cmplete yur Immigratin Medical Examinatin
Yu are required t have the medical examinatin within 30 days f the date f this letter; yur medical examinatin must be perfrmed by a dctr frm the IRCC list f Panel Physicians; bk an appintment with a Panel Physician in yur area as sn as pssible.
Once yur medical examinatin has been cmpleted, the Panel Physician will submit medical results t IRCC fr assessment. T btain a cpy f yur Immigratin Medical Examinatin, please ask the Panel Physician at the time f yur appintment.
Paying fr yur Immigratin Medical Examinatin
Any csts related t the medical examinatin are yur respnsibility and are payable t the Panel Physician at the time f examinatin. This payment is fr the Panel Physician's services and cannt be returned even if yur immigratin applicatin is refused r the validity perid (有效期) f yur immigratin medical examinatin ends.
Nte: If yu are qualified fr cverage under the Interim Federal Health Prgram, the csts related t yur immigratin medical examinatin may be cvered by the IFHP. Please cnfirm with the Panel Physician in yur area that they are registered with the IFHP.
What must I bring t my appintment?
★ The attached Medical Reprt frm
★Identificatin, including yur passprt if ne is available (Prf f identity must include at least ne gvernment-issued dcument with phtgraph and signature, such as a passprt.)
★Eye glasses r cntact lenses (隐形眼镜), if wrn
★Fur recent phtgraphs
★Fr individuals qualified fr Migratin Medical Examinatin cverage under the Interim Federal Health Prgram, please bring ne f the fllwing dcuments:
●Refugee Prtectin Claimant Dcument
●The Interim Federal Health Certificate
●Acknwledgement f Claim and Ntice t Return fr Interview
If available, yu may be ffered vaccinatins (接种疫苗) by the Panel Physician.
1. After yur medical examinatin, _________.
A. the previus health reprts ught t be cnsulted
B. yu will submit the results t IRCC fr assessment
C. the Panel Physician will present the results t IRCC
D. yu will surely btain a cpy f examinatin results by the physician
2. If yur immigratin applicatin is refused, which statement is right abut the csts?
A. The IFHP will cver them.B. They cannt be returned.
C. The Panel Physician will pay in cash.D. They will be returned if yu apply.
3. Which f the fllwing must be brught t the appintment?
A. Prf f identity.B. The Federal Health Certificate.
C. The applicatin frm.D. Medical examinatin instructins.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了移民申请中的体格检查的一些要求和注意事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Once yur medical examinatin has been cmpleted, the Panel Physician will submit medical results t IRCC fr assessment.(一旦你的体检完成，体检小组医生将把体检结果提交给IRCC进行评估)”可知，体检后，体检小组医师将向IRCC提交体检结果。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“This payment is fr the Panel Physician's services and cannt be returned even if yur immigratin applicatin is refused r the validity perid (有效期) f yur immigratin medical examinatin ends.(这笔费用是专家组医生服务的费用，即使您的移民申请被拒绝或您的移民体检有效期结束，这笔费用也不能退还)”可知，如果你的移民申请被拒绝，无法退费。B选项“无法退费”正确。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据What must I bring t my appintment?部分中“★Identificatin, including yur passprt if ne is available (Prf f identity must include at least ne gvernment-issued dcument with phtgraph and signature, such as a passprt.)(身份证明，包括护照（身份证明必须包括至少一份政府签发的有照片和签名的文件，如护照）)”可知，身份证明必须带去赴约。故选A。
B
Wall Street bankers, investrs and ecnmists have fr mnths argued ver whether a US recessin (衰退) is cming. But fr sme Americans, the unfrgiving ecnmic pain typical during recessin has already set in.
Al Brwn and his wife faced a tugh call in May when reviewing their weekly budget: what’s a higher pririty, mre fd r dish sap? Based in Cncrd, Nrth Carlina, Brwn was the main breadwinner fr his wife and their tw children. Then in April, he was let g frm his jb as a glbal directr f business develpment at sftware cmpany Cascade. He’s since quit his gym membership and sld varius items arund his hme, including a cmputer and yard furniture. His 13-year-ld sn quit the basketball team.
Brwn, 37, nw spends his days searching the internet fr jbs r reaching ut t ptential cnnectins. After filing ver 600 applicatins, nly a handful have prduced interviews. That’s a far cry frm the labr-market strength described in gvernment figures.
Investrs and ecnmists have been expecting a recessin since last year as the Fed raised interest rates t cntrl inflatin (通货膨胀). That caused cmpanies t fcus n prfitability ver grwth, which meant cutting spending and reducing their wrkfrces.
“I think it’s unlikely that I will get anther gd paying jb with great benefits like the ne I had,” McCllum, wh lives in Cleveland, Ohi, said. Mre Americans are likely t encunter similar cases, sme experts predict.
“As we g thrugh this year, and int next year, there is still ging t be this fcus n trying t reduce csts, and it is ging t result in mre unemplyment,” said Thmas Simns, a senir ecnmist at Jefferies. “The impact f layffs, currently cncentrated amng white-cllar wrkers, will last thrughut the ecnmy thrugh a ‘big pullback in verall spending’,” Simns said. “Cnsumer spending accunts fr abut tw-thirds f ecnmic utput, s if mre Americans are frced t cut back because they were laid ff, that might thrw the US ecnmy int a recessin.”
4. What are sme Americans currently ging thrugh?
A. They can’t affrd necessities f life.B. They’ve lst interest in high-end gyms.
C. They are badly treated by their bsses.D. They have difficulty making ends meet.
5. What des the authr want t demnstrate thrugh Brwn’s jb hunting?
A. One shuld try varius ways t find a jb.
B. American labr market is nt that friendly t jb-seekers.
C. Few cmpanies are interested in middle-aged jb-hunters.
D. The gvernment prvides accurate figures f the jb market.
6. Hw d cmpanies deal with the ecnmic struggles?
A. By emplying mre wrkers.B. By changing interest rates.
C. By giving pririty t prfits.D. By cutting emplyees’ allwances.
7. Which statement will Thmas Simns prbably agree with?
A. Laid-ff wrkers tend t g int debt.
B. Lwer cnsumptin may wrsen the current situatin.
C. Americans will spend mre t increase ecnmic utput.
D. Cmpanies are t blame fr the unemplyment f white-cllar wrkers.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国正在经历经济衰退，以布朗一家为例说明了其影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Wall Street bankers, investrs and ecnmists have fr mnths argued ver whether a US recessin (衰退) is cming. But fr sme Americans, the unfrgiving ecnmic pain typical during recessin has already set in.(数月来，华尔街银行家、投资者和经济学家一直在争论美国是否即将陷入衰退。但对一些美国人来说，经济衰退期间典型的无情的经济痛苦已经开始了)”以及后文布朗家生活日渐拮据的例子表明，一些美国人目前正在经历入不敷出。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Brwn, 37, nw spends his days searching the internet fr jbs r reaching ut t ptential cnnectins. After filing ver 600 applicatins, nly a handful have prduced interviews. That’s a far cry frm the labr-market strength described in gvernment figures.(37岁的布朗现在每天都在网上搜索工作，或者联系潜在的人脉。在提交了600多份申请后，只有少数获得了面试机会。这与政府数据所描述的劳动力市场强劲程度相去甚远)”可知，作者想通过布朗的求职来证明美国劳动力市场对求职者并不那么友好。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“That caused cmpanies t fcus n prfitability ver grwth, which meant cutting spending and reducing their wrkfrces.(这导致企业更关注盈利能力，而不是增长，这意味着削减支出和裁员)”可知，企业优先考虑利润来应对经济困境。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段““As we g thrugh this year, and int next year, there is still ging t be this fcus n trying t reduce csts, and it is ging t result in mre unemplyment,” said Thmas Simns, a senir ecnmist at Jefferies.(杰富瑞高级经济学家托马斯•西蒙斯表示：“随着今年和明年的过去，人们仍将把重点放在试图降低成本上，这将导致更多的失业。”)”可知，托马斯·西蒙斯可能会同意较低的消费可能会使目前的情况恶化。故选B。
C
What’s yur first memry? Whatever it is, yu’re bund t treasure it. But can we actually trust them? Nthing abut memry is simple. Memry is malleable. What we remember is nt necessarily what happened. A memry is nt a recrding. It’s mre like a dramatic recnstructin and ne that we can keep changing withut realizing it.
Fr any experience t be remembered, it has t be encded (编码). This encding is nt any kind f direct translatin, thugh. It’s a rich and cmplex prcess that creates assciatins and meanings. We might be remembering smething very similar, but slightly changed and clred by ur wn sets f assciatins.
Psychlgist Elizabeth Lftus prduced grundbreaking research n eyewitness testimny (证据). Her wrk shwed that memries can easily be influenced, even after they’ve been created. Fr example, if tw eyewitnesses talk with each ther, their memries f events ften change, absrbing what they’ve heard frm the ther ne——but they wn’t realize this has happened. Similarly, witnesses wh are shwn an image f an inncent persn, can smetimes stick it nt their memry f the actual event—a prcess knwn as uncnscius transference (无意识的转移). It is estimated that arund 70% f wrngful cnvictins (定罪), later verturned by DNA evidence, are due t mistaken eyewitness testimny.
In sme cases, memries can even be deliberately created and implanted. The Lst in the Mall experiment tk a test grup f subjects and talked t them in depth abut key childhd memries while als adding an invented ne—the experience f having been lst in a shpping center. It was fund that between a quarter and a third f subjects nt nly accepted this new memry as genuine but enriched it with specific details.
Mst f us have certain key memries f being a very yung child. But research suggests that they’re highly unlikely t be actual memries due t the way memry is stred in the baby brain. Yur precius first memry may well nt be a real memry, and we’re all perhaps living in ur imaginatins mre than we realize.
8. What des the underlined wrd “malleable” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Trustwrthy.B. False.C. Easily changed.D. Deeply impressive.
9. Which will influence the memry f eyewitnesses?
A. Pwerful DNA evidence.B. Pictures stuck in their memry.
C. Reduced accuracy f cnvictins.D. Exchanged infrmatin between them.
10. What can we learn abut “The Lst in the Mall” experiment?
A. It was designed t investigate mistaken eyewitness testimny.
B. Its subjects culd recall specific details f a shpping center.
C. Its subjects made believe that they had been lst in a shpping center.
D. It demnstrated that invented experiences culd be fixed in ne’s memry.
11. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Unreliable Nature f Memry.B. Revised Eyewitness Testimny.
C. Reflectin n Sweet Childhd.D. An Explratin f Truth and Fictin.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了记忆是可塑的，容易改变，并通过介绍一些研究和实验论证了这一点。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“What we remember is nt necessarily what happened. A memry is nt a recrding. It’s mre like a dramatic recnstructin and ne that we can keep changing withut realizing it.(我们记得的不一定是发生了什么。记忆不是记录。它更像是一种戏剧性的重建，我们可以在没有意识到的情况下不断改变)”可知，记忆不是记录，更像是一种戏剧性的重建，即记忆容易改变，故划线词意思是“容易改变”。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Her wrk shwed that memries can easily be influenced, even after they’ve been created. Fr example, if tw eyewitnesses talk with each ther, their memries f events ften change, absrbing what they’ve heard frm the ther ne——but they wn’t realize this has happened.(她的研究表明，记忆很容易受到影响，即使是在记忆被创造出来之后。例如，如果两个目击者互相交谈，他们对事件的记忆经常会发生变化，吸收他们从另一个人那里听到的东西——但他们不会意识到这已经发生了)”可知，交换信息会影响目击者的记忆。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The Lst in the Mall experiment tk a test grup f subjects and talked t them in depth abut key childhd memries while als adding an invented ne—the experience f having been lst in a shpping center. It was fund that between a quarter and a third f subjects nt nly accepted this new memry as genuine but enriched it with specific details.(“迷失商场”实验选取了一组测试对象，并与他们深入探讨了关键的童年记忆，同时还添加了一个虚构的记忆——在购物中心迷路的经历。结果发现，四分之一到三分之一的受试者不仅相信这段新记忆是真实的，而且用具体的细节丰富了它)”可知，“迷失商场”实验证明了创造出的经历可以固定在一个人的记忆中。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But research suggests that they’re highly unlikely t be actual memries due t the way memry is stred in the baby brain. Yur precius first memry may well nt be a real memry, and we’re all perhaps living in ur imaginatins mre than we realize.(但研究表明，由于记忆在婴儿大脑中的存储方式，它们极不可能是真正的记忆。你珍贵的第一次记忆很可能不是真实的记忆，我们都可能生活在想象中，而不是我们意识到的)”结合文章主要说明了记忆是可塑的，容易改变，并通过介绍一些研究和实验论证了这一点。可知，A选项“记忆的不可靠性”最符合文章标题。故选A。
D
It tk an ill screech wl (鸣角鸮) t teach a scientist the value f up-clse-and-persnal study.
In his Harvad talk, Carl Safina, an eclgist and authr f Alfie and Me: What Owls Knw, What Humans Believe, recalled that the chick was fund dying in his backyard. Safina tk it in and planned t nurse it back t health and then perfrm release. But the wlet's flight feathers didn't grw prperly. Safina delayed the release. Over thse extended mnths, Safina gt t knw Alfie in ways that mved and changed him.
“An wl fund me and then I was watching ‘an wl’,” he said. “It was n lnger an wl after a while, it was ‘she’ because she had a histry with me. This little wl, wh was with me much lnger than I thught she wuld be, became an individual t me by that histry and all thse interactins.”
The bnd with Alfie strengthened t the pint that, when she was finally released, she created a territry with Safina's hme at its center. Safina was able t spend hurs each day bserving her in the wds as she learned t take care f herself in the wild, met tw mates, and raised chicks f her wn.
When he heard Alfie calling, Safina said, he'd call back and she'd land nearby. Their clseness allwed him t learn mre things abut screech wls. Field guides, fr example, describe tw knwn calls but he identified six, sme f which yu have t be quite clse t hear. The relatinship als pened a windw fr Safina nt persnality differences between Alfie and her mates.
When pinted ut that his apprach t Alfie—including the act f naming her—ran cunter t widespread scientific practice, Safina said he wasn't cncerned abut vilating (违反) cnventin, particularly if smething interesting like individual persnality differences amng wls culd be learned.
The experience caused Safina t think mre deeply abut humankind's relatinship with nature and the kind f persnal cnnectin he was able t feel with a wild individual. “What I learned frm Alfie is that all sentient (有情感的) beings seek a feeling f well-being and freedm f mvement,” Safina said. “That's a guide t what's right and what's wrng t me.”
12. What d we knw abut Alfie?
A. She develped a clse bnd with Safina.
B. She was a fictinal character in Safina's bk.
C. She intentinally landed in Safina's backyard.
D. She was dying because f the brken flight feathers.
13. What happened after Safina released Alfie?
A. Alfie chse t stay with Safina at his hme.
B. They maintained a cntinus cmmunicatin.
C. Alfie met mates and raised chicks by herself.
D. Safina kept his distance frm her t prevent attachment.
14. What did Safina achieve in his study?
A. Recrding six different calls f the screech wl.
B. Identifying different types f wls by their calls.
C. Learning hw t release wls back int the wild.
D. Understanding persnality differences amng wls.
15. Hw did Safina's experience with Alfie impact him?
A. He became mre fcused n explring nature.
B. He initiated his cmmitment t wildlife cnservatin.
C. He develped a deep appreciatin fr the welfare f living creatures.
D. He decided t guide readers t distinguish between right and wrng.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了生态学家Carl Safina与一只名叫Alfie的鸣角鸮的故事，以及这段经历对他的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over thse extended mnths, Safina gt t knw Alfie in ways that mved and changed him.”（在那些漫长的月份里，萨菲纳以一种感动并改变他的方式了解了阿尔菲。）根据第三段“This little wl, wh was with me much lnger than I thught she wuld be, became an individual t me by that histry and all thse interactins.”（这只小猫头鹰，它和我在一起的时间比我想象的要长得多，通过那段历史和所有这些互动，它成为了我的一部分）可知，Safina与Alfie建立了紧密的联系。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“When he heard Alfie calling, Safina said, he'd call back and she'd land nearby.”（当他听到阿尔菲的叫声时，萨菲纳说，他会回应，她就会降落在附近。）可知，他们保持了持续的交流，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The relatinship als pened a windw fr Safina nt persnality differences between Alfie and her mates.”（这种关系也为萨菲纳打开了一个窗口，让他看到阿尔菲和她的伴侣之间的性格差异。）可知，Safina理解了猫头鹰之间的性格差异，故选D
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What I learned frm Alfie is that all sentient beings seek a feeling f well-being and freedm f mvement,” Safina said. “That's a guide t what's right and what's wrng t me.”（我从阿尔菲那里学到的是，所有有情感的生物都寻求幸福感和自由的移动，”萨菲纳说。“这对我来说是判断对错的指南。”）可知，Safina对生物的幸福产生了深深的欣赏，故选C。
第二节 (共5 小题;每小题2.5 分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wh can imagine life tday withut an Autmated Teller Machine (ATM)? They are available in cnsiderable numbers thrughut the wrld.
The first ATM was the brainchild f an enterprising Turkish-American inventr Luther Gerge Simjian. When the idea f an autmated banking machine struck him, he registered 20 patents befre any bank agreed t give it a trial run. It is easy t assume that the inventr f such a ppular machine was laughing all the way t the bank. ____16____ Within six mnths f its peratin in New Yrk in 1939, the device was remved due t lack f custmer acceptance.
It was nt until 1967, nearly 30 years later, that Barclays Bank, in a careful launch, rlled ut a self-service machine in Lndn, England, which prved successful. ____17____ The first cash machine relied n custmers’ use f prepaid tkens (代币) t get envelpes with a fixed amunt f cash inside.
____18____ The banks’ principle was seemingly custmer service. But it wuld be flish t minimize the many advantages that cash machines prvided t the banks themselves. By the late 1970s, the highest fixed cst fr the average large bank was its branches. The greatest variable cst and lss t prfits were its staff. Bank accunts swiftly recgnized that self-service peratins culd reduce bank branch staff cst by70 percent.
Experts quickly determined that public acceptance f ATMs cunted n cnvenience, simplicity, speed, security and trust. ____19____ Fr maximum efficiency, ATMs had t be lcated near public transprt r in a shpping mall, nt at a branch. The busier and mre crwded the lcatin, bviusly, the better. Nw, rughly 75 percent f all cash prvided by banks t their custmers cmes frm cash machines. ____20____.
Public acceptance f depsits (存款) by machine was significantly slwer than custmers’ usage f ATMs fr withdrawals. In general, it seems that custmers smetimes still prefer and trust an ver-the-cunter transactin (交易) fr depsits.
A. Lcatin, in particular, was a key factr.
B. His cash machine, hwever, didn’t prve durable.
C. The device was relatively primitive, at least by tday’s standards.
D. Hwever, cash machines psed sme interesting, unanswered questins.
E. An interesting factr was the issue f bi-statistics fr custmer identificatin.
F. Devices riginally dismissed by the public are nw recgnized as essential institutins.
G. Sn afterwards, many ther banks became admittedly champins f the cash machine.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自动取款机(ATM)的发展历程和其在现代生活中的重要性。
【16题详解】
根据上文“It is easy t assume that the inventr f such a ppular machine was laughing all the way t the bank.(人们很容易认为，这样一台受欢迎机器的发明者一定赚得盆满钵满)”和下文“Within six mnths f its peratin in New Yrk in 1939, the device was remved due t lack f custmer acceptance.(1939年，该设备在纽约运行了六个月后，由于缺乏客户接受，该设备被拆除)”可知，上下文有转折关系，B项“His cash machine, hwever, didn’t prve durable.(然而，他的取款机并没有经受住时间的考验)”承上启下，说明设想和现实有差距，引出下文第一台取款机的真实命运，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
【17题详解】
下文“The first cash machine relied n custmers’ use f prepaid tkens (代币) t get envelpes with a fixed amunt f cash inside.(第一台自动取款机依靠顾客使用预付代币来获得装有固定数量现金的信封)”介绍了第一台自动取款机的工作原理：用预付代币来换取现金信封，是对C项“The device was relatively primitive, at least by tday’s standards.(这个装置相对来说比较原始，至少以今天的标准来看是这样)”的说明，说明第一台自动取款机比较原始的工作原理，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【18题详解】
下文“The banks’ principle was seemingly custmer service. But it wuld be flish t minimize the many advantages that cash machines prvided t the banks themselves. By the late 1970s, the highest fixed cst fr the average large bank was its branches. The greatest variable cst and lss t prfits were its staff. Bank accunts swiftly recgnized that self-service peratins culd reduce bank branch staff cst by70 percent.(银行的原则似乎是客户服务。但是，低估自动取款机给银行自身带来的诸多好处是愚蠢的。到20世纪70年代末，大型银行的平均固定成本最高的是其分支机构。最大的可变成本和利润损失是它的员工。银行账户很快意识到，自助服务可以将银行分行的员工成本降低70%)”说明了自动取款机给银行带来的诸多好处，解释了G项“Sn afterwards, many ther banks became admittedly champins f the cash machine.(不久之后，许多其他银行成为公认的自动提款机的拥护者)”中描述的这一现象，许多银行为了获益开始使用自动提款机，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【19题详解】
下文“Fr maximum efficiency, ATMs had t be lcated near public transprt r in a shpping mall, nt at a branch. The busier and mre crwded the lcatin, bviusly, the better.(为了最大限度地提高效率，自动取款机必须设在公共交通附近或购物中心，而不是在分行。显然，地点越繁忙、越拥挤越好)”指出自动取款机需要设在公共交通附近或购物中心，是对A项“Lcatin, in particular, was a key factr.(尤其是地理位置，是一个关键因素)”的举例说明，说明地理位置的重要作用。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“Nw, rughly 75 percent f all cash prvided by banks t their custmers cmes frm cash machines.(现在，银行提供给客户的现金中，大约75%来自自动取款机)”谈及自动取款机的普及和广泛使用，F项“Devices riginally dismissed by the public are nw recgnized as essential institutins.(最初被公众忽视的设备现在被认为是不可或缺的设施)”承接上文，总结自动取款机命运的变化，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My friendship with the students in a primary schl in Uganda started n a shaky grund. The ____21____ f nt being understd was hidden within, fr they spke a language different frm that f mine and mine t fell n ____22____ ears.
I greeted them with a brad smile, and they replied with ice cld ____23____ when I spke further. A ____24____ eched (回响) in my mind: yu must live thrugh it t get t them. S I gave it anther try. I spke ____25____ English with hand gestures and a bit f dancing. If all failed, the smile wuld ____26____. Sn we picked up and then the ___27___ f the learners came int play. At the mentin f a name, reddish cheeks and shaking vices were the respnse I gt. I decided t ____28____ a desk with a team each day during grup wrk t get clser. After schl, I ____29____ them hme.
____30____, we became friends. They were even aware f my favrite fruit, avcad (牛油果). If I didn’t get ne n my desk, it wuld ____31____ me wherever I was. My slippers were ____32____. One night I left them ut as n ne culd steal a pair f slippers in that state. The next mrning, I was ready t drag my slippers n as usual and I was surprised they had been ____33____. Ww!
The little things we d fr each ther bring us great jy and ____34____. We dn’t have a prper spken language, but we are fluent in the language f ____35____.
21. A. angerB. fearC. desireD. belief
22. A. sharpB. allC. lngD. deaf
23. A. silenceB. blameC. cmmentD. agreement
24. A. puzzleB. dubtC. reminderD. relief
25. A. fficialB. simpleC. academicD. unusual
26. A. turn utB. break ffC. die awayD. take ver
27. A. lazinessB. shynessC. lnelinessD. calmness
28 A. shareB. clearC. searchD. exchange
29. A. preventedB. frcedC. accmpaniedD. allwed
30. A. SuddenlyB. GraduallyC. AccidentallyD. Obviusly
31. A. missB. leaveC. refuseD. find
32. A. wrn utB. put utC. made utD. carried ut
33. A. packedB. cleanedC. abandnedD. repaired
34. A. freedmB. chanceC. warmthD. challenge
35. A. friendshipB. admiratinC. sympathyD. cnfidence
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和乌干达一所小学学生们的友谊开始时并不稳固。不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心，因为他们说的语言和作者说的不同，而作者的语言也没人听。但是，随着时间的发展，他们最终在友谊的语言上交流很流利。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心，因为他们说的语言和我说的不同，我的语言也被置若罔闻。A. anger愤怒；B. fear恐惧；C. desire愿望；D. belief信仰。根据下文“fr they spke a language different frm”可知，因为他们说的语言和作者说的不同，双方都听不懂对方的话，作者把不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. sharp锋利的；B. all全部的；C. lng长的；D. deaf聋的。根据上文“fr they spke a language different frm that f mine”可知，双方都听不懂对方的话，deaf ears表“置若罔闻”，符合句意。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我用灿烂的微笑迎接他们，当我继续说话时，他们以冰冷的沉默回应我。A. silence沉默；B. blame责备；C. cmment评论；D. agreement赞同。根据上文“The 1 f nt being understd was hidden within(不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心)”和“ice cld”可推知，此处为当作者继续说话时，孩子们无法理解，所以以冰冷的沉默回应。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个提醒在我脑海中回响：你必须经历它才能到达他们的内心。A. puzzle令人费解的事；B. dubt怀疑；C. reminder提醒物；D. relief救济，宽慰。根据下文“yu must live thrugh it t get t them”可知，这里指一个想法一直提醒着作者。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我说简单的英语，用手势和一点舞蹈。A. fficial官方的；B. simple简单的；C. academic学术的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据上文“S I gave it anther try (所以我又试了一次)”可推知，此处表示作者说简单的英语来让孩子们理解。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果一切都失败了，微笑会取代一切。A. turn ut结果是；B. break ff中断；C. die away逐渐消失；D. take ver接管，取代 。根据上文“If all failed”可推知，此处表示如果一切都失败了，微笑会取代一切，因为微笑没有国界，是最好的肢体语言。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我们就学会了，然后学习者的害羞就发挥了作用。A. laziness懒惰；B. shyness害羞；C. lneliness孤独；D. calmness镇静。根据下文“At the mentin f a name, reddish cheeks and shaking vices were the respnse I gt (一提到名字，我得到的反应就是脸颊泛红，声音颤抖)”可知，这里指学习者的害羞。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定在小组工作期间每天和一个团队共用一张桌子，以便更接近他们。A. share共享；B. clear清除，清理；C. search搜寻；D. exchange交换。根据下文“t get clser”可知，此处为作者决定和一个团队分享一张桌子从而更接近他们。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：放学后，我陪伴他们回家。A. prevented阻止；B. frced逼迫；C. accmpanied陪伴；D. allwed允许。根据上文“I decided t 8 a desk with a team each day during grup wrk t get clser. ”可知，作者为了能够接近学生们，除了和学生们共用一张桌子，放学后还要陪学生回家。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我们成了朋友。A. Suddenly突然；B. Gradually渐渐地；C. Accidentally偶然地；D. Obviusly明显地。根据上文“I decided t 8 a desk with a team each day during grup wrk t get clser. ”可推知，此处为是作者“破冰”行动后的结果：渐渐地，他们成了朋友。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我桌上没有牛油果，不管我在哪里，他们都会找到我给我送牛油果。A. miss错过，想念；B. leave离开，留下；C. refuse拒绝；D. find找到。根据上文“If I didn’t get ne n my desk”以及语境可知，这里指学生们一定要找到作者，把牛油果送给作者。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拖鞋已经破旧了。A. wrn ut穿破；B. put ut扑灭；C. made ut辨认出，看出，理解；D. carried ut实施。根据下文“One night I left them ut as n ne culd steal a pair f slippers in that state.(一天晚上，我把它们放在一边，因为没有人会偷一双那样状况的拖鞋)”可知，这里指作者的拖鞋是穿破了。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我准备像往常一样穿上拖鞋，但令我惊讶的是，它们已经修补好了。A. packed包装；B. cleaned清洁；C. abandned抛弃；D. repaired修理。根据上文“My slippers were 12 . One night I left them ut as n ne culd steal a pair f slippers in that state.(我的拖鞋已经破旧了。一天晚上，我把它们放在一边，因为没有人会偷一双那样状况的拖鞋)”以及此处的惊讶可推知，这里指拖鞋已经修补好了。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们为彼此做的小事给我们带来了巨大的快乐和温暖。A. freedm自由；B. chance机会；C. warmth温暖；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“After schl, I 9 them hme.”以及上下文可知，全文作者开始陪伴孩子们回家，孩子们给作者送牛油果以及修补拖鞋等这些小事可知这都是温暖人心的善举，warmth表“温暖”，符合语境。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们没有合适的口语交流，但我们在友谊的语言上很流利。A. friendship友谊；B. admiratin钦佩；C. sympathy同情；D. cnfidence自信心。根据上文“bring us great jy and 14 ”可知，此处表示虽然没有合适的说话语言，但在友谊的语言上的交流是很流利的。故选A项。
第二节(共10 小题;每小题1.5分,满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have discvered the remains f ____36____ appears t be an ancient sheep-drawn charit (战车) near the famus Terractta Army in the western tmb f Emperr Qin Shi Huang. The main structure f the charit has likely rtted (腐烂) away after ____37____ (spend) mre than 2,000 years in the grund but researchers did find a rw f six sheep skeletns (骨架) wearing attachments used fr pulling a charit, s they ____38____ (infer) this was a sheep-drawn charit.
Hrse-drawn charits were cmmn in ancient China, but a sheep-drawn charit is ____39____ extremely rare find. The funder f the Western Jin Dynasty, Emperr Wu, r Sima Yan, wh ruled frm 266 t 290CE, is said ____40____ (ride) in a sheep-drawn carriage arund his palace cmplex every night and wuld sleep wherever the sheep stpped. Researchers hpe labratry ____41____ (analyze) n the western tmb’s burial chamber, which is currently underway, will help them determine wh was buried there.
In additin t the six-sheep charit, scientists unearthed a fur-wheeled ____42____ (wd) charit, prbably drawn by hrses, ____43____ (equip) with a fancy umbrella. It is the ldest f ____44____ (it) type ever fund. They als fund a wealth f irn tls and weapns, prviding new insight ____45____ the perid when irn tls first began t appear.
【答案】36. what
37. spending
38. inferred
39. an 40. t have ridden
41. analysis
42. wden 43. equipped
44. its 45. int
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了科学家在中国秦始皇帝陵的西部墓葬附近发现了疑似古代羊拉战车的遗骸。
【36题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：科学家们在秦始皇帝陵西侧的著名兵马俑附近，发现了似乎是古代羊拉战车的遗骸。空处应填连接词what引导宾语从句，表示“什么”，在从句中作介词f的宾语，从句主语为the remains f what。故填what。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：战车的主要结构在地下埋藏了超过2000年后可能已经腐烂殆尽，但研究人员确实发现了一排六具羊的骨架，这些羊骨架上穿戴有用于牵引战车的附件，因此他们推断这是一辆羊拉动的战车。after为介词，其后应接动名词形式。故填spending。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：同上。描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填inferred。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：马车在古代中国很常见，但羊拉战车是一个极其罕见的发现。find在此处为可数名词，意为“发现物”，空处泛指一个，应用不定冠词，extremely以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：据说，西晋的开国皇帝武帝 (司马炎)，在公元266年至290年统治期间，每晚都会乘坐羊拉的马车在他的宫殿建筑群巡游，并且羊停在哪里，他就在哪里睡觉。sb. be said t d sth.“据说某人……”为固定句式，动作ride发生在is said 之前，应用不定式的完成式。故填t have ridden。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：研究人员希望实验室对西墓葬室正在进行的分析将帮助他们确定那里埋葬的是谁。空处应填名词analysis“分析”在宾语从句中作主语，为不可数名词。故填analysis。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了六羊战车外，科学家们还出土了一辆四轮木制战车，可能是由马拉的，并配备了一把精美的伞。空处应填形容词wden“木制的”修饰名词charit。故填wden。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：同上。空处在句中作非谓语，动词equip与逻辑主语charit之间为被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填equipped。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：这是迄今为止发现的同类中最古老的。空处应填形容词性物主代词its，修饰名词type。故填its。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们还发现了一批铁制工具和武器，为铁制工具首次出现的时期提供了新的见解。insight int“对……的见解”为固定搭配。故填int。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15 分)
46. 假定你是安徽省黄山国家自然保护区的负责人，为了更好地对迎客松进行日常保护，拟招聘一名迎客松守护员。请你撰写一则招聘广告发布在 China Daily上，内容包括：
1.工作职责；
2.聘用条件；
3.工作待遇。
注意：
1.词数80 左右;
2.请按如下格式做答(标题和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数)。
Guardian f Welcming-Guest Pine Wanted
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Please cntact Miss Wang befre 30 July. Inquiries are encuraged but visits declined.
Munt Huangshan Nature Reserve
【答案】范文
Guardian f Welcming-Guest Pine Wanted
Intending t better guarantee the daily grwth f the Welcming-Guest Pine, Munt Huangshan Nature Reserve f Anhui Prvince needs t emply a guardian.
The fundamental respnsibility fr the jb is t make sure that nthing harms the tree. Additinally, applicants are expected t check the pine tree mre than 3 times a day and take ntes recrding yur bservatins. Preference will be given t thse wh are careful, diligent and respnsible. What’s mre, anyne with previus experience is highly welcme.
We can prvide yu with accmmdatin, meals and a free medical check. Salary is negtiable.
Please cntact Miss Wang befre 30 July. Inquiries are encuraged but visits declined.
Munt Huangshan Nature Reserve
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生撰写一则招聘迎客松守护员的广告发布在China Daily上。
【详解】1.词汇积累
确保：make sure→ensure
此外：additinally/what’s mre→besides
基本的：fundamental→basic
检查：check→examine
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Intending t better guarantee the daily grwth f the Welcming-Guest Pine, Munt Huangshan Nature Reserve f Anhui Prvince needs t emply a guardian.
拓展句：Munt Huangshan Nature Reserve f Anhui Prvince needs t emply a guardian, wh need t better guarantee the daily grwth f the Welcming-Guest Pine.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Preference will be given t thse wh are careful, diligent and respnsible. (运用了wh引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] The fundamental respnsibility fr the jb is t make sure that nthing harms the tree. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 读后续写
Crab Lessns
My sn Gerdi was a rather spirited by. Very little held his attentin fr lng. He spent mst f his spare time thinking up new ways t scare me half t death. Like the time he decided t “surf” n a tiny plastic table that was meant t hld a few drinks rather than a six-year-ld by. Gerdi had just begun learning abut the cean in schl and was surprisingly fascinated by it. We lived in Delaware, s any discussin abut the cean usually included hrseshe crabs, which crwded ur casts t mate in the late spring.
As part f the lessn, Gerdi’s teacher brught hrseshe crab shells (壳) t schl fr the children t tuch and examine. Hearing that hrseshe crabs had been arund fr ver 300 millin years, even befre the dinsaurs, Gerdi thught that was fficially the clest thing he had ever heard. He culd nt stp talking abut it fr days, and I decided it was time fr us t take a drive t the Delaware Bay.
As we stepped ut frm the car, strng wind nearly blew my pr frty-five-pund child t the grund. Being a six-year-ld mischievus (调皮的) by, Gerdi saw this as an pprtunity t shwcase his amazing talents, which included falling dwn, getting up, falling dwn and, yes, getting up again. This, f curse, was always cmplete with giggles (咯咯笑). The drama came t a sudden stp as Gerdi spied the dzens f army-truck-lking creatures in the sand. The next sund effect was “Ww!” as his bdy frze and his eyes widened with wnder.
Gerdi ran arund excitedly, nt knwing which ne t check ut first. He settled n a hrseshe crab that was n its back, legs waving wildly in the air, desperate fr water. “Mm, lk at this ne!” he screamed. “He’s cl!” I pinted ut the different bdy parts f the crab fr him, and he listened quietly and absrbed the infrmatin. He said, “I really liked him. I think I will name him Spike because he had all thse really cl, spiky (尖的) things n his back.” Then I picked up the crab, turned it ver t its prper psitin and placed it at the edge f the water.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Gerdi asked what I was ding
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gerdi sptted many mre hrseshe crabs n their backs.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Gerdi asked what I was ding. I explained t him that if the crab gt stuck n its back and culd nt get back t the water sn, it wuld die. Hrseshe crabs, I tld him, are very imprtant in many ways. Their eggs are a great fd surce fr birds, and their shells and bld have special medical prperties that can help many peple. Besides, it didn’t seem right t let a species that had survived s lng just dry up in the sun. Gerdi listened intently, his eyes sparkling with cncern. He then bent dwn and cautiusly tuched Spike’s shell with his finger, murmuring, “G hme, Spike.” We watched the hrseshe crab slwly make his way back int the cean.
Gerdi sptted many mre hrseshe crabs n their backs. He decided that we shuld help them all. Withut fear r hesitatin, he began picking up stuck hrseshe crabs and turning them ver, and helped me carry them t the water. He was extra careful and gentle, wrried that he may hurt ne. His sincere cncern fr the hrseshe crabs tuched my heart. When the jb was dne and it was time t leave, Gerdi asked, “D yu think we will ever see Spike again?” “Maybe,” I said, “but nw that we have helped him, we knw he will be kay even if we dn’t see him again.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和儿子乔迪去海边观察马蹄蟹，作者教导了儿子关于马蹄蟹的知识以后，儿子决定帮助海滩上被困的马蹄蟹，作者也被儿子的行动感动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“乔迪问我在做什么”可知，第一段可描写作者教导了儿子关于马蹄蟹的知识。
②由第二段首句内容“乔迪在他们的背上发现了更多的马蹄蟹”可知，第二段可描写儿子采取行动帮助马蹄蟹以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：好奇询问——作者解释——儿子认真倾听——帮助马蹄蟹——作者被触动——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①完成：d/finish/accmplish
②看到：see/spt/ntice
③伤害：hurt /injure
情绪类
①小心：cautiusly/carefully
②真诚：sincere/heartfelt
【点睛】[高分句型1] He decided that we shuld help them all. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] “Maybe,” I said, “but nw that we have helped him, we knw he will be kay even if we dn’t see him again.”(运用了even if引导宾语从句和nw that引导原因状语从句)