四川省达州市2024届高三下学期第二次诊断性测试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份四川省达州市2024届高三下学期第二次诊断性测试英语试卷(含答案)，共18页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
STEM Cmpetitins fr Students
NSTA ExplraVisin
Are yu interested in what the future hlds? Cnsider Explra Visin’s STEM （science, technlgy, engineering & mathematics）cmpetitin. Wrking in teams f tw t fur, students will research a particular technlgy and assess the ways in which it may impact lives mving frward. Participants are required t write a paper and draw web pages cmmunicating their visin.
Grades: 7th-9th and 10th-12th
Cmpetitin Type: Reginal and natinal
eCyberMissin
Yu can participate in this cmpetitin withut leaving the huse. eCyberMissin is a web-based cn test in which participants — wrking in teams f tw t fur students —use science, math and technlgy t slve prblems facing their cmmunities. First-place winners receive $1,000．
Grades:9th
Cmpetitin Type: Reginal, state and natinal
TEAMS Cmpetitin
Held annually, TEAMS invites students t use their engineering talent t cntribute t the cmmunity. Wrking in grups f tw t fur students, participants cmplete real-life engineering challenges. The cmpetitin includes multiple-chice questins, an essay and a design-build cmpnent.
Grades: 9th-12th
Cmpetitin Type: State and natinal
The Cnrad Challenge
In this challenge, participants wrk in teams f tw t five students t develp prducts r services in respnse t key issues facing peple arund the wrld. The Cnrad Challenge empwers students t take cntrl f their learning and apply it t real-life situatins. Winners are eligible（有资格的）fr schlarships, patent assistance and aid in creating cmpanies.
Grades: 9th-12th
Cmpetitin Type: Internatinal
1．What des NSTA Explra Visin’s STEM cmpetitin fcus n?
A．Engineering innvatin.
B．Students’ paper writing skills.
C．New technlgy shaping the future.
D．Students’ ability in web page design.
2．What d the fur STEM cmpetitins have in cmmn?
A．Winners will get a big cash prize.
B．They are all natinal cmpetitins.
C．Participants are required t wrk in teams.
D．Participants must slve real-life prblems.
3．Which cmpetitin invlves freign students?
A．NSTA ExplraVisin.B．eCvberMissin.
C．TEAMS Cmpetitin.D．The Cnrad Challenge.
Thugh it’s cmmn that new scientists get internatinal experience as part f their pstdctral wrk, acquiring internatinal expsure during ne’s PhD study is less cmmn. But it can be rewarding.
I’m in the final year f my PhD curse in experimental physics. The PhD prgram is based at Lughbrugh University, the UK, but a big part f my experimental wrk is at the Max Planck Institute in Germany. Cming frm England just after my bachelr’s degree in physics was a big step and smewhat risky. I wasn’t sure if it wuld help my career r suit my persnal style. I was faced with a number f questins.
My supervisrs（导师）, ne in England and ne in Germany, gave me great freedm t pick research tpics and carry ut my research at anther institute.
I was excited abut ging t the Max Planck Institute. Once the lng rad f the PhD is cmplete, I hpe t have the cnfidence t cmpete in an increasingly multinatinal field in rder t secure pstdctral psitins, Althugh mving abrad means reduced cntact with my hme university and research cmmunity, attending cnferences in Britain has helped me netwrk and develp a sense f cmmunity.
It tk sme time t settle dwn, find an apartment, and get used t the lcal life, surrundings and a different language. In the lab, a simple task was cmplicated by the language barrier. Still, with persistence, it was an enriching experience bth persnally and prfessinally. The Max Planck Institute prvided nt nly an exciting envirnment, but enugh funding that helped expand the utput f my research cnsiderably. I had access t equipment and resurces hard t find at many institutins.
Thus far, I have n regrets. Ding a PhD abrad has imprved my knwledge f physics and clarified my career aspiratins（抱负）.
4．Hw des the authr find ding PhD study abrad?
A．Very useful.
B．Pretty cmmn.
C．Extremely difficult.
D．Abslutely necessary.
5．What happened t the authr when he first studied in Germany?
A．He chse a difficult research tpic.
B．He had a hard time finding friends.
C．He made sme mistakes in his study.
D．He became cnfused abut his study and life.
6．Hw did the authr’s experience in Britain help him adapt t the new life?
A．By making him cnfident.
B．By teaching him t scialize.
C．By pulling him ut f his cmfrt zne.
D．By helping him find his passin fr life.
7．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Seeking a PhD Abrad
B．Fllwing the Desired Career Path
C．Finding a Place t Further PhD Study
D．Breaking thrugh the Language Barriers
“I spilled sup all ver the table, but it wasn’t my fault”. “I gt int truble at schl, but it wasn’t my fault.” Such statements are ften heard. “It’s nt my fault” is actually a cmmn respnse fr s many peple and especially teenagers. Parents cmplain that they’re tired f the “excuses”.
The reasn why variatins f “it’s nt my fault” are s ppular is that they get us ut f guilt, blame and anger. Thse emtins may cme frm thers’ reactins r ur wn self-talks. In the case f adlescents, they are ften trying t escape respnsibility and punishment fr mistakes.
Sme teens wuld benefit frm decreasing their self-blame. Thse wh blame themselves fr things that they can’t cntrl tend t be highly self-critical and are mre likely t be anxius.
Many teens verly rely n “it’s nt my fault”. Hwever, veruse f the phrase can result in feelings f helplessness t cntrl their wn lives. Besides, “it’s nt my fault” fcuses a teen’s attentin n what is dne as ppsed t what needs t be dne. In trying t get them t assume respnsibility, many parents attempt t cnvince their children that smething is their fault, but the apprach tends t be ineffective. A mre effective apprach is t face up t drawbacks t find slutins t the drawbacks actively.
Peple may nt have caused all their prblems, but they have t slve them anyway. Getting stuck in sharing blame ften keeps peple frm mving frward effectively. What des ne d if he is pushed int a deep lake? One culd certainly stay in water, yelling, “It’s nt my fault.” Hwever, that is nt ging t get him ut f water. At sme pint, he needs t swim t shre, regardless f the fault.
Like mst things in life, freeing urselves frm blame has its advantages and disadvantages. The questin isn’t what is “right”, but what is mst effective in mving frward.
8．Wh is likely t rely n “it’s nt my fault”?
A．A highly self-critical teenager.
B．A teenager unwilling t admit a fault.
C．A teenager facing up t his respnsibilities.
D．A teenager anxius abut uncntrllable things.
9．What is the authr’s advice n getting teens t assume respnsibility?
A．Letting them fcus n what is dne.
B．Persuading them t admit their fault.
C．Making them crrect the mistake actively.
D．Helping them analyze the reasn fr the mistake.
10．Why des the authr raise such a questin in Paragraph 5?
A．T put frward a new slutin t drawbacks.
B．T shw handling prblems shuld cme first.
C．T explain why teenagers get stuck in sharing blame.
D．T analyze what kind f prblem is caused by thers.
11．What is the authr’s purpse in writing this text?
A．T help teenagers ut f self-blame.
B．T tell parents hw t educate children.
C．T help teenagers face mistakes prperly.
D．T tell children t d self-talks cnsciusly.
With the cean cvering mre than 70% f the Earth’s surface, the Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin（NOAA）said scientists and researchers had depended n snar（声呐）technlgies t understand and map the sea flr which had charted nly abut 10% f the wrld’s cean. Fr the cean and castal waters in the US, the number is just arund 35%.
We knw less abut ur planet’s cean than what we knw abut the far side f the mn r the surface f Mars. Part f the reasn fr the lack f bservatin is the challenge f pwering an underwater camera. Researchers have used ships t recharge cameras r bserved with a camera tied t a ship t slve the issue, which is expensive and unsuitable fr lng-term bservatins.
Recently, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy（MIT）have taken a majr step t irn ut this prblem by develping a battery-free, wireless underwater camera that culd harvest energy underwater n its wn fr lng perids.
T keep pwer cnsumptin as lw as pssible, the researchers used ff-the-shelf, ultra-lw-pwer imaging sensrs. The device takes clr phts, even in dark underwater envirnments, and sends image data wirelessly thrugh the water.
The camera is pwered by sund. It changes mechanical energy frm sund waves traveling thrugh water int electrical energy that pwers its imaging and cmmunicatins equipment. After getting and encding image data, the camera als uses sund waves t send the data t a receiver that recnstructs the image. Thse sund waves culd cme frm any surce, like a passing ship r marine life. As it desn’t need a pwer surce, the camera culd run fr weeks n end befre getting it back, enabling scientists t search remte parts f the cean fr new species.
Nw that researchers have demnstrated a wrking prttype（原型）, they plan t enhance the device s it is practical in real-wrld settings. Fr future applicatin, these cameras may be used t take images f cean pllutin and create mre accurate mdels t mnitr climate change t better understand hw climate change impacts the underwater wrld, and advance varius undersea scientific fields.
12．What d the data in paragraph I mainly shw?
A．Undersea explratin is pr in the US.
B．Much f the planet’s cean remains unexplred.
C．The mapping f the sea flr is time-cnsuming.
D．Technlgy develpment matters a lt t sea bservatin.
13．What limits the researchers’ undersea explratin accrding t the text?
A．The cmplexity f the sea envirnment.
B．The cncern abut ptential sea pllutin.
C．The shrtage f investment in cean explratin.
D．The inability t effectively pwer underwater cameras.
14．What des the underlined phrase “irn ut” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Overcme.B．Face.
C．Analyze.D．Illustrate.
15．Which f the fllwing can best describe the MIT underwater camera?
A．Secure and stable.B．Expensive but effective.
C．Impractical but advanced.D．Self-sufficient and energy-saving.
二、七选五
16．Humr can help yu cnnect with ther peple and make unpleasant situatins mre bearable. There are things yu can d t make yurself and thers laugh.
Read mre
Get yur hands n everything that is funny. ①_________. Hpefully, reading gd jkes might inspire yu t start making up yur wn jkes. When reading them, try t analyse the elements that make them gd jkes.
Be bservant
While knwing a lt can increase yur ability fr humr, there’s n substitute fr seeing a lt. Lk fr the humr in everyday situatins. ②_________.
Learn frm funny peple
Whether they’re prfessinal cmedians, yur parents r yur friends, learning frm funny peple in yur life is a key step t being funny yurself. ③_________. Keep a nte f sme f the funny things they say r d. This will help yu develp a tlbx f techniques yu can use t be funny.
④_________
Different things make different peple laugh. When yu’re in a grup f peple yu dn’t knw, listen t what subjects they’re talking abut and what’s making them laugh. The better yu knw them, the easier it will be t make them laugh.
Trust in yur inner sense f humr
Being funny desn’t cme in a “ne-size-fits-all” package. What makes yu funny is unique t yu and the way yu bserve the wrld. Trust that yu d have a funny bne. ⑤_________ — yu just need t bring it ut.
A．It’s already in yu
B．Knw yur audience
C．Make different peple laugh
D．Lk fr what yu admire mst in them
E．There are a lt f funny things in cmedies
F．Yu’ll becme funnier by reading and practicing jkes
G．The unnticed humr right befre yur eyes ften has the mst effect
三、完形填空（20空）
Nwadays, shpping nline enjys great ppularity, but my 1 t clthes shpping develped via supermarkets.
With fur children, I spent a lt f time in supermarkets. When they started selling fashin, I fund myself 2 ut fancy items fr myself. My wardrbe quickly 3 up. Whenever I felt bred r 4 , I bught myself smething new t wear. One day, when I 5 the ttal mney I’d spent ver the previus mnth, I gt a real 6 . S I decided t change.
One New Year, I made a（n） 7 :I wuld stp buying clthes fr a full year. My family laughed in 8 because they knew hw I lved t shp, but this made me mre 9 t d that.
The start f the year was especially 10 , as all the sales were n, and I really lve the 11 . It almst made me 12 t see all the lvely dresses and cats, knwing I culdn’t buy any f them. But I gt thrugh January, 13 away in February and srted ut my wardrbe in March. That was when I fund 14 items f clthing. Sme f them still had the tags（标签）n! Then I was re-wearing things that had barely seen the 15 f day since I’d bught them. I even wre the same dress t tw parties 16 , where I had much fun with my friends and n ne 17 my dress. I suddenly 18 that I didn’t need lts f new clthes.
I survived my year withut 19 clthes, and nw think 20 befre I buy anything new.
17．A．cntributinB．addictinC．respnseD．apprach
18．A．pickingB．checkingC．makingD．carrying
19．A．brkeB．endedC．filledD．shut
20．A．relaxedB．curiusC．satisfiedD．stressed
21．A．added upB．put asideC．handed verD．tk away
22．A．trubleB．puzzleC．ideaD．shck
23．A．reservatinB．chiceC．annuncementD．predictin
24．A．cnfusinB．disbeliefC．excitementD．embarrassment
25．A．cnfidentB．discuragedC．determinedD．interested
26．A．tughB．prmisingC．smthD．amazing
27．A．dressB．itemC．bargainD．stre
28．A．wrryB．smileC．refuseD．cry
29．A．gaveB．passedC．threwD．hid
30．A．lng-frgttenB．badly-treatedC．well-madeD．easily-btained
31．A．clrB．lightC．beautyD．value
32．A．in a rwB．at a distanceC．in a wayD．at a lss
33．A．exchangedB．likedC．mentinedD．selected
34．A．rememberedB．regrettedC．imaginedD．realized
35．A．wearingB．purchasingC．changingD．washing
36．60．A．casuallyB．carefullyC．graduallyD．cnstantly
四、短文填空
37．Thusands f years ag, Chinese characters appeared n animal bnes and silk befre they ①_________（write）n paper. But nw many ②_________ character has a “new cntainer” in the mdern age. Recently, a research team, drawing every little bit f ③_________（inspire）frm Xunzi, an utstanding Cnfucian philspher during the late Warring States Perid（475-221 BC）, has rlled ut Xunzi, a large language mdel （LLM）and XunziChat in assciatin with a leading ancient Chinese text publisher.
When ④_________（ask）why, the team leader explained, “Characters set in vertical layut（竖版）, the absence f pausing and punctuatin are all hlding readers back.” ⑤_________（create）Xunzi the LLM, the team first did a lt f research. Since 2013, they’ve sweated ⑥_________（heavy）t digitize Chinese classics like the Siku Quanshu. “The hard wrk invlves a large-scale pl f tw billin Chinese characters, ⑦_________has laid a slid fundatin fr the LLM.”
Their effrts seem t have paid ff. Currently, Xunzi the LLM can translate, punctuate ⑧_________understand sme ancient Chinese texts. The mdel can help us mine fr mre infrmatin hidden in ur cultural legacy and find unnticed mdels and cnnectins.
The team have shared the LLM n GitHub and ther websites, ⑨_________（allw）users t dwnlad and use it fr free. They’re cmmitted t the philsphy f making the data and mdel ⑩_________（access）glbally.
五、短文改错
38．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My grandfather, a retired teacher, is in his early eighty. Thugh prblems came alng with age, he never gives up learning. That he enjys mst in his spare time is picking up a bk t read it, with glasses n. Wherever he meets new wrds, he will lk them up in a dictinary. His thirsty fr knwledge has great influenced me and my brther. As a result, we have made up ur minds study hard and bth f us agreed with the dream f being teachers in the future. Nw we’re lking frward t making it realize.
六、书面表达
39．你校英文报将以“Gdbye t My High Schl Life”为题，面向高三学生举办征文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．你的学习态度和经历；
2．你的感悟。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．题目已为你写好。
Gdbye t My High Schl Life
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：
2．答案：C
解析：
3．答案：D
解析：
4．答案：A
解析：
5．答案：D
解析：
6．答案：B
解析：
7．答案：A
解析：
8．答案：B
解析：
9．答案：C
解析：
10．答案：B
解析：
11．答案：C
解析：
12．答案：B
解析：
13．答案：D
解析：
14．答案：A
解析：
15．答案：D
解析：
16．答案：①-⑤FGDBA
17．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，网上购物非常受欢迎，但是通过超市，我对买衣服上瘾了。A.cntributini贡献；B.addictin）成瘾；C.respnsel▣应；D.apprach，方法。根据下文With fur children,I spent a lt f time in supermarkets.四个孩子，我在超市花费了大量时间）可知下文说的是作者花大量的时间在超市购物，可推理出作者对超市买衣服上瘾，故选B。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们开始卖时尚物品时，我发现自己总是挑选一些花哨的物品给自己。A.picking挑选；B.checking检查；C.making制作；D.carrying搬运。根据上文“With fur children,I spent a lt f time in supermarkets.（有四个孩子，我在超市花费了大量时间）'以及后文“fancy items fr myself（花哨的物品给自己）'可知作者在超市中挑选物品给自己，故选A。
19．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的衣橱很快就装满了。A.brke破裂；B.endeds结束；C.filled充满；D.shut关闭。根据上文With fur children,I spent a lt f time in supermarkets.（有四个孩子，我在超市花费了大量时间）可知作者在超市花费了大量时间购买了许多花哨的物品，使得衣橱很快就装满了，故选C。
20．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当我感到无聊或有压力时，我就会给自己买些新衣服穿。A.relaxed）放松的；B.curius好奇的；C.satisfied满意的；D.stressed有压力的。根据上文“Whenever I felt bred（当我感到无聊的时候）”以及下文"I bught myself smething new t wear（我给自己买些新衣服穿）可知作者在无聊时会购买新衣服，分析选项，D项stressed有压力的'表达的含义符合语境，与上文“bred（无聊）呼应，故选D。
21．答案：A
解析：考查短语动词辨析。句意：一天，当我总计我上个月花费的总金额时，我非常震惊。A.added up总计；B.put aside留出；C.handed ver？交出；D.tk away拿走。根据下文“the ttal mney I'd spent ver the previus mnth（我上个月花费的总钱数）可知作者在将上个月花费的总金额合计，故选A。
22．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A truble麻烦；B.puzzle困惑；C.idea想法；D.shck震惊。根据下文“S I decided t change（所以我决定改变）可知作者在算出总共的花费后，决定改变，可推理出作者对自己花费的结果感到震惊，故选D
23．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：新年时，我做出了一个宣告：我要停止一整年购买衣服。A, reservatinj预约；B.chicei选择；C.annuncement宣布；D.predictin预言。根据后文I wuld stp buying clthes fr a full year（我要停止一整年购买衣服）可知下文说的是作者做出的一个宣告，故选C。
24．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的家人不相信地嘲笑我，因为他们知道我多么喜欢购物，但这使我更下定决心去做。A.cnfusin困惑；B.disbelief不相信；C.excitement兴奋；D.embarrassmenth尴尬。根据下文because they knew hw I lved t shp（因为他们知道我多么喜欢购物）可知，家人知道作者多么喜欢购物，可推理出家人对作者会做出这样的决定感到好笑，不相信，故选B。
25．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.cnfident自信的；B.discuraged气馁的；C.determined！坚定的；D.interested感兴趣的。根据上文because they knew hw I lved t shp（因为他们知道我多么喜欢购物）以及转折连词but以及下文“t d that（去做那件事）可知此处上下文说的是尽管家人们不相信，作者坚定信念要执行自己的决定，可推理出空白处应填表示坚定的”含义的表达，故选C。
26．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一年的开始尤其困难，因为所有的商品都在促销中，我真的很喜欢便宜货。A.tugh困难的；B.prmising有希望的；C.smth顺利的；D.amazing令人惊讶的。根据后文“as all the sales were n（因为所有的商品都在促销中）以及下文'I really lve（我真的很喜欢）可知此处说的是作者很喜欢购物，商品在促销中但是作者不能购物，可推理出作者的这一年的开始尤其困难，故选A。
27．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.dressi连衣裙；B.item项目；C.bargain便宜货；D.stre商店。根据上文as all the sales were n（因为所有的商品都在促销中）可知上文说的是促销的便宜货，可推理出此处说的是作者喜欢便宜货，故选C
28．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到所有那些可爱的裙子和外套，知道自己一件也买不了，我几乎要哭了。A.wry担心；B.smile微笑；C.refuse拒绝；D.cry哭泣。根据下文t see all the lvely dresses and cats,knwing I culdn't buy any f them（看到所有那些可爱的裙子和外套，知道自己一件也买不了）可知作者看到可爱的裙子和外套却不能购买，可推理出作者很难过，几乎要哭，故选D
29．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我在一月份熬过来了，在二月份躲藏起来，在三月份整理了我的衣橱。A.gave给；B.passedi通过；C.threw扔； D.hid隐藏。根据上文I gt thrugh January（我度过了一月）'以及下文“away in February and srted ut my wardrbe in March（在二月.，三月整理了我的衣橱）可知作者度过了一月，三月整理了我的衣橱，可知上下文说的是一月、三月都在没买衣服的状态下过去了，可推理出作者二月也没买衣服，分析选项，D项hid隐藏'表达的含义符合语境，故选D。
30．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在那时我发现了一些被遗忘已久的衣物。A.lng-frgtten被遗忘已久的；B.badly--treated处理不当的；C.
well-made制作精良的；D.easily-btained容易获得的。根据下文Sme f them still had the tags n！（有些衣服还带着标签）可知这些衣物是被遗忘已久的，故选A。
31．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我重新穿着那些自从我买后几乎没有见过天日的衣物。A.clr颜色；B.light光；C.beauty美丽；D.value价值。根据上文“Sme f them still had the tags n！（有些衣服还带着标签）”可知作者穿着那些没有穿过的衣物，可推理出此处说的是这些衣服几乎没有见过光，故选B。
32．答案：A
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：我甚至连续两次派对都穿了同一件裙子，在那里我和我的朋友们玩得很开心，而且没有人提到我的裙子。A.inarw连续；B.at a distance在远处；C.in a way？在某种程度上；D.at a lss困惑。根据上文'I even wre the same dress t tw parties（我甚至去两次派对都穿了同一件裙子）可知作者两次派对都穿了同一件裙子，可推理出此处说的是连续两次穿着同一件裙子参加派对，故选A。
33．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.exchanged交换；B.liked喜欢；C.mentined提到； D.selected选择。根据下文'I didn't need lts f new clthes（我不需要大量的新衣服）可知下文说的是作者认为自己不需要大量的新衣服，可推理出在派对上没有人特别关注作者的衣服，C项“mentined提到表达的含义符合语境，故选C。
34．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然间意识到自己不需要大量的新衣服。A.rememberedi记得；B.regretted）后悔；C.imagined想象；D.realized意识到。根据下文'I didn't need lts f new clthes（我不需要大量的新衣服）可知下文说的是作者自己不需要大量的新衣服这个结论，这个结论是作者自己意识到的，故选D。
35．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我成功度过了一年没有购买衣服的生活，现在购买任何新物品之前都会仔细思考。A.wearing穿；B.purchasing购买；C.changingr改变；D.washing）洗。根据上文I wuld stp buying clthes fr a full year.（我将一整年停止购买衣服）以及'I survived my year（我成功度过了一年）可知作者决定一年不买衣服并成功地度过了这一年，可推理出作者一年没有购买衣服，故选B。
36．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，在购买任何新东西之前，我会仔细考虑。A.casually随意地；B.carefully仔细地；C.graduallyi逐渐地；D cnstantly不断地。根据上文'I survived my year（我成功度过了一年）以及下文“befre I buy anything new（在我买任何新东西之前）'可知作者成功地度过了这一年并发生了变化，可推理出作者在购买任何新东西之前会仔细考虑，故选B。
37．答案：were written ；a ；inspiratin ；asked ；T create；heavily ；which；and ；allwing；accessible
解析：
①考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：
在写在纸上之前，几干年前，汉字就出现在了兽骨和丝绸上。根据句意和时间状语Thusands f years ag可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，且they指代Chinese characters，与write“写'之间为被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were written。.
②考查固定短语。句意：但在现代社会，许多汉字有了一个“新容器”。many a许多为固定短语。故填a。
③考查名词。句意：最近，一个研究小组从战国末期（公元前475-221年）杰出的儒家哲学家荀子身上汲取了一点灵感，与一家领先的中国古籍出版商合作，推出了一个大型语言模型（LLM）“荀子”以及Xunzi Chat（荀子聊天）。介词f后接名词作宾语，inspiratini意为“灵感'，是不可数名词。故填inspiratin。
④考查状语从句中的省略。句意：当被问及为何这样做时，团队负责人解释说：“竖版排列的字符，没有停顿和标点符号，都阻碍了读者。”当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致且含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，本句中ask与the team leader之间是被动关系，从句用一般过去时的被动语态，因此从句完整形式为“When the team leader was asked'”，省略后保留过去分词asked。.故填asked。.
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：为了创造荀子这个大型语言模型，团队首先做了大量的研究。本句谓语为did，此处为非谓语动词，应用create“创造的不定式，作目的状语。故填T create。.
⑥考查副词。句意：自2013年以来，他们为数字化《四库全书》等中国经典付出了大量辛勤的努力。修饰动词sweated，应用副词heavily，意为“大量地'，作状语。故填heavily。
⑦考查定语从句。句意：这项艰苦的工作涉及一个包含20亿个汉字的大规模库，这为大型语言模型奠定了坚实的基础。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
⑧考查连词。句意：目前，“荀子大型语言模型可以翻译、断句并理解一些古代汉语文本。
translate、。punctuate和understand是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意：该团队已在GitHubz和其他网站上分享了这个大型语言模型，允许用户免费下载和使用。本句谓语为have shared，此处为非谓语动词，且allw“允许与逻辑主语The team之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作状语。故填allwing。
⑩考查形容词。句意：他们致力于让数据和模型在全球范围内可访问的理念。本空用access的形容词accessible，意为可访问的'，作宾语the data and mdel的补足语。故填accessible。
38．答案：
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eighties cme
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thirst greatly
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realized
39．答案：略