精品解析：北京市第一六一中学2023-2024学年高三下学期开学考英语试题（原卷版）

这是一份精品解析：北京市第一六一中学2023-2024学年高三下学期开学考英语试题（原卷版），共10页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考生须知 1. 本试卷共5页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。
2. 试题答案一律书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
3. 在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，非选择题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4. 考试结束后，将答题纸、试卷和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A man wh knws hw t write a persnal letter has a very pwerful tl. A letter can be enjyed, read and ____1____. It can set up a warm cnversatin between tw peple far apart; it can keep a friendship with very little effrt.
I will give ____2____. A few years ag my lder brther and I were nt getting alng. We had been clse as ___3___ but had grwn apart. Our meetings were nt pleasant; ur cnversatin was filled with arguments and quarrels; and every effrt t clear the air seemed t nly ____4____ ur misunderstanding. Then he mved t a small island in the Caribbean and we ____5____ tuch. One day he wrte me a letter. He described his island and its peple, tld me what he was ding, said hw he felt, and encuraged me t write. Rereading the letter, I was ____6____ by its humr and clever expressins. These were all qualities fr which I had nce respected my lder brther but ____7____ he n lnger had them. I had never knwn he culd write s well. And with that ne letter we became friends ____8____.
It might never have ccurred t my brther t write me if he had nt been in a place where there were n ____9____. Fr him, writing was a necessity. It als turned ut t be the best way fr us t get back in tuch. Because we live in an age f easy cmmunicatin, peple ften ____10____ that they dn’t always have t phne r email. They have a chice. And that is t write.
1. A. receivedB. rewrittenC. returnedD. reread
2. A. an exampleB. a lessnC. an experienceD. a talk
3. A. brthersB. childrenC. fellwsD. classmates
4. A. deepenB. startC. expressD. settle
5. A. lstB. kept inC. neededD. gt in
6. A. drivenB. beatenC. surprisedD. hnred
7. A. realizedB. judgedC. thughtD. expected
8. A. laterB. anyhwC. tD. again
9. A. mail servicesB. transprtC. phnesD. relatives
10. A. believeB. decideC. argueD. frget
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
My aunt Jennifer is an ____11____ (actr). She must be at least thirty-five years ld. In spite f this, she ften appears n the stage as a yung girl. Jennifer will have t take part in a new play sn. This time, she will.be a girl f seventeen. In the play, she must appear ____12____ a bright red dress and lng black stckings. Last year in anther play, she had t wear shrt scks and a bright, range-clured dress. ____13____ anyne ever asks her hw ld she is, she always answers, ‘My dear, it must be terrible t be grwn up!’
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Fishing is my favrite sprt. I ften fish fr hurs withut catching anything. But this des nt wrry me. Sme fishermen are unlucky. Instead f catching fish, they catch ld bts and rubbish. I am even ____14____(lucky). I never catch anything — nt even ld bts. ____15____(spend) whle mrnings n the river, I always g hme with an empty bag. Very ften I ____16____(advice) t give up fishing because my friends believe it’s a waste f time fr me. But they ____17____(nt realize) ne imprtant thing. I’m nt really interested in fishing. I am nly interested in sitting in a bat and ding nthing at all!
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
If yu park yur car in the wrng place, a traffic pliceman will sn find ____18____ yu d. Yu will be very lucky if he lets yu g withut a ticket. Hwever, this des nt always happen. Traffic plice are smetimes very plite. During a hliday in Sweden, I fund this nte n my car ____19____ read: “Sir, we welcme yu t ur city. This is a N Parking area. Yu will enjy yur stay here if yu pay attentin t ur street signs. This nte is nly a reminder.” ____20____(give) a request like this, yu cannt fail t bey it!
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑阅读理解
A
At the middle schl level, there are many academic clubs in which students can participate. Students can chse clubs that fcus n an area f interest.
Mathcunts Club
Mathcunts ties t increase excitement twards mathematic achievement. It hpes t prvide students with the fundatin fr success in science, technlgy, engineering and mathematics careers. Schls select individuals and teams t participate in cmpetitins. Lcal cmpetitins are held in February with winners prgressing t state cmpetitins and then n t the natinal level. Mathcunts wrks t challenge student math skills, develp self-cnfidence and give rewards fr their achievements.
Envirthn
The Envirthn prgram fcuses n natural resurces knwledge and expses students t diverse envirnmental issues, ecsystems, and tpgraphy. The eclgy field cmpetitin fr five-member middle schl teams ffers cmpetitins in wildlife, sils, frestry, current envirnmental issues and aquatics. Students wrk and learn in middle schl clubs and can cmpete at the lcal and state level.
Future Prblem Slvers
Future Prblem Slvers is an academic club that uses a six-step prcess t slve prblems that may happen in the future. Students wh are in the talented and gifted prgram, wh like t “think ut f the bx,” r wh enjy thinking abut futuristic prblems may like this club. Teams cmprised f fur students read future scenes and write up slutins in a bklet using the six-step prcess. Teams that scre high enugh can g t the state cmpetitin and then t the internatinal cmpetitin.
Builders Club
Builders Club is pen t any middle schl student wh wishes t perfrm cmmunity service. Each Builders Club is c-spnsred by a Kiwanis club and the middle schl. The members learn by ding and they learn rganizatin, teamwrk, and leadership. Builders Clubs can spnsr a “Teacher f the Year” prgram, prvide a recycling cllectin pint. rganize canned fd and clthing drives t supprt lcal shelters, adpt a resident at a lcal senir citizens hme, adpt a highway, tutr, etc. Middle schl academic clubs ffer students a place t explre interests r talents. The clubs they jin in middle schl can help guide chices in high schl and beynd.
21. The students wh are nt interested in cmpetitins wuld like t chse ________.
A. Mathcunts ClubB. Builders Club
C. Future Prblem SlversD. Envirthn
22. Why d sme f the students chse Mathcunts Club?
A. T be successful in science careers.B. T enjy slving future prblems.
C. T perfrm cmmunity service.D. T study wildlife and sils.
23. What is the cmmn feature f the fur clubs?
A. Cmpetitins.B. Spnsrship.C. Scientific researches.D. Teamwrk.
B
I am ne f the many city peple wh are always saying that given the chice we wuld prefer t live in the cuntry away frm the dirt and nise f a large city. I have managed t cnvince myself that if it weren’t fr my jb I wuld immediately head ut fr the pen spaces and g back t nature in sme sleepy village buried in the cuntry. But hw realistic (现实的) is the dream?
Cities can be frightening places. The majrity f the ppulatin live in huge twer blcks, nisy, dirty and unfriendly. The sense f belnging t a grup tends t disappear when yu live fifteen flrs up. Strangely enugh, nwadays peple n the same flr dn’t even say hell t each ther.
Cuntry life, n the ther hand, differs in that a sense f grup generally unites the peple f small villages tgether. Peple have the advantage f knwing that there is always smene t turn t when they need help. But it is als true that yu are cut ff frm the exciting and imprtant events that take place in cities. Shpping becmes a majr prblem, and fr anything slightly ut f the rdinary yu have t g n a trip t the nearest large twn. The city peple are ften wrried by a sense f unbearable stillness and quiet.
What, then, is the answer? The cuntry has the advantage f peace and quiet, but suffers frm the disadvantage f being cut ff. The city raises a feeling f lneliness, and cnstant nise beats the senses. But yu are at the centre f things, and that life desn’t cme t an end at half-past nine at night. Sme peple have fund r rather bught a slutin between the tw: they have expressed their preference fr the “quiet life” by leaving the cities and mving t villages within cmmuting (通勤) distance f large cities.
What then f my dream? I’m eager fr the idea, but yu see there’s my cat, Tby. I’m nt at all sure that he wuld take t all that fresh air and exercise in the lng grass. I mean, can yu see him mixing with all thse energetic males dwn the farm? N, he wuld rather have the electric fire any evening.
24. Which f the fllwing makes city peple unhappy?
A. Clrful life.B. A sense f grup.C. Clse neighbrhd.D. A feeling f lneliness.
25. What is difficult t buy in the cuntry?
A. Designer clthes.B. Farming tls.C. Daily supplies.D. Fresh vegetables.
26. We can infer frm the passage the authr ________.
A. enjys living in huge twer blcksB. is in tw minds
C. will cntinue his life in the cityD. will mve t the cuntry
C
It ften happens that a number f applicants (申请人) with almst the same qualificatins and experience all apply fr the same psitin. In their educatinal backgrund, special skills and wrk experience, there is little, if anything, t chse between half a dzen candidates. Hw then des the emplyer make a chice? Usually n the basis f an interview.
There are many arguments fr and against the interview as a way f selectin. The main argument against it is that it results in a whlly subjective decisin. As ften as nt, emplyers d nt chse the best candidate. They chse the candidate wh makes a gd first impressin n them. Sme emplyers, f curse, reply t this argument by saying that they have becme s experienced in interviewing staff that they are able t make a gd assessment f each candidate’s likely perfrmance. The main argument in favr f the interview is that an emplyer is cncerned nt nly with a candidate’s ability, but with his r her suitable persnality fr the particular wrk situatin. Many emplyers, fr example, will verlk ccasinal mistakes frm their secretary if she has a pleasant persnality.
It is perhaps true t say therefre, that the real purpse f an interview is nt t assess the assessable aspects f each candidate but t make a guess at the things that are hard t measure, such as persnality, character and scial ability. Unfrtunately, bth fr the emplyers and applicants fr jbs, there are many peple f great ability wh simply d nt interview well. There are als, f curse, peple wh interview extremely well, but are later fund t be very unsatisfactry emplyees. Candidates wh interview well tend t be quietly cnfident, but never bastful (自夸的) direct and straightfrward in their questins and answers; cheerful and friendly, but never ver-familiar; and sincerely enthusiastic and ptimistic. Candidates wh interview badly tend t be either very shy r ver-cnfident. They either talk t little r never stp talking. They are either ver-plite r a bit rude.
27. Peple argue ver the interview mainly because they have ________.
A. different purpses in the interviewB. different experiences in interviews
C. different standards f selectinD. different ways f selectin
28. The underlined wrd “subjective” means “based n ne’s ________ rather than facts”.
A. persnalityB. characterC. pininD. ability
29. The purpse f the last paragraph is t indicate ________.
A. a link between success in interview and persnality
B cnnectins between wrk abilities and persnality
C. differences in interview experience
D. differences in persnal behavir
30. What is the authr’s attitude twards the interview?
A. He thinks it is a gd way f selectin.B. He desn’t quite agree with it.
C. He is neither fr nr against it.D. It is nt clear.
D
Often peple receive a guitar, mandlin, r sme ther musical instrument as a birthday r Christmas gift. There’s jy everywhere. The giver f the gift knws hw much the receiver wants t learn this instrument and the receiver is actually hlding it in his hands instead f lnging fr it thrugh the shp windw.
Finding an instructr that fits int a busy wrk schedule is hard enugh, but nce yu decide n a lessn plan, then yu must cnsider the practice time, hw t practice, what t practice — and let’s face it — nt all peple learn smething the same way. S in rder t learn a musical instrument, hw much practice time is enugh and what kind f practice is right fr yu?
There is n set amunt f time that anyne shuld practice a musical instrument. When I was in prgramming classes, I culd have studied nightly fr 5 hurs each night. It wuld have taken me years t learn the art f cmputer prgramming. Thugh I’m attracted by the systematic lgic f it, my talent is twards anther thing. Hwever, n the ther hand, if I spent an hur every cuple days with a passinate (充满热情的) hbby like playing the vilin, nt nly wuld the time fly quickly, I’d als be learning at a much greater speed since the built-in passin is the mtivatin fr advancement.
S as much as it’s imprtant t practice, a step back is t first find the harmnius instrument that fits yu as a persn as develpment f yur persnality. If yu’re learning the guitar because it’s cl — bviusly that’s the mdern-day mindset, hwever, yu might nt be actually linking yur talent fr musical satisfactin with yur mst creative advantages yu have t ffer.
It’s been my experience that every persn has a certain level f musical talent. My enjyable challenge has been t assist them in this adventure and actually lcate their best abilities as quickly as pssible. Then and nly then can we match learners with instruments and truly begin a fun and exciting walk dwn the rad f happiness and cntentment where music, ability, persnality and sul all meet. Once this piece f the mystery puzzle is in place, I’ve never had t wrk at mtivating a learner t practice.
31. In the authr’s pinin, which f the fllwing is the mst imprtant when learning a music instrument?
A. The amunt f time fr practice.B. A scientific learning methd.
C. A gd music instructr.D. The strng fndness fr music.
32. Accrding t the authr, a learner shuld chse t learn a music instrument which ________.
A. is received as a birthday r Christmas gift
B. fllws a mdern fashin in music training
C. is easy t learn and fits the learner very much
D. cntributes t develping the learner’s character
33. What d we knw abut the authr?
A. She writes pp music.B. She’s a music instructr.
C. She advertises fr music lessn.D. She’s a music instrument cllectr.
34. Which f these questins des the passage answer?
A. Des practice make perfect?B. Des talent make a difference?
C. Des a lessn plan really fit yu?D. Des hard wrk make up fr lack f talent?
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The next time yu attend a scial functin r g t a place where peple meet and interact, take nte f the number f peple wh have adpted the same gestures and psture-the way yu sit r stand-f the persn with whm they are talking. ____35____ By this methd, ne is nn-verbally (非语言的) saying t the ther, “As yu can see, I think the same as yu, s I will cpy yur psture and gesture.”
____36____ Take, fr example, the tw men standing at the htel bar. They have mirrred each ther’s gestures and it is reasnable t assume that they are discussing a tpic upn which they have the same thughts and feelings. If ne man uncrsses his arms and legs r stands n the ther ft, the ther will fllw. If ne puts his hand in his pcket, the ther will cpy and this mimicry will cntinue fr as lng as the tw men are in agreement.
This cpying als ccurs amng gd friends r peple f the same scial psitin and it is cmmn t see married cuples walk, stand, sit and mve in very similar ways. ____37____ The significance f carbn cpying can be ne f the mst imprtant nn-verbal lessns we can learn, fr this is ne way that thers tell us that they agree with us r like us. It is als a way fr us t tell thers that we like them, by simply cpying their gestures.
If an emplyer wishes t develp immediate friendliness and create d relaxing atmsphere with an emplyee, he needs t cpy the emplyee’s psture t achieve the end. ____38____ Using the knwledge, it is pssible t influence a face-t-face encunter (邂逅) by cpying the psitive gestures and pstures f the ther persn. ____39____
A Observing peple talk is a gd way t understand this idea.
B. This “carbn cpying” is a means by which ne persn tells the ther that he is in agreement with his ideas and attitudes.
C. Similarly, an up-and-cming emplyee may be seen cpying his bss’ gestures in an attempt t shw agreement.
D. This uncnscius mimicry (无意识模仿) is quite interesting t bserve.
E. This has the effect f putting the ther persn in a receptive and relaxed frame f mind and he can “see” that yu understand his pint f view.
F. Such a way f cpying expresses the idea f fllwing ne’s example.
G. Peple wh are strangers, hwever, try hard t avid hlding mutual (相互) psitins.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节 阅读表达(共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Electric scter safety
If yu lk arund the streets f Lndn, yu’ll see the many methds peple use t mve arund. Whether it’s n a cmmute t wrk, a trip t the shps, r a sightseeing excursin, there are peple n buses, the Tube, cars, mtrbikes, bicycles and even rller skates. The rads are already cngested (jammed); and nw there’s a new additin: electric, r “e-scters”.
This traditinal children’s vehicle has becme mre sphisticated ver the years. And nw, with the additin f a small electric mtr, it’s becme a cheap and easy mde f transprt. Scting arund twn can be fun and desn’t invlve much effrt, s it’s n wnder they’re becming increasingly ppular in cities arund the wrld. But fllwing what’s believed t be the first fatal accident invlving an electric scter in the UK, questins are being asked abut their safety and whether traffic laws shuld be changed.
Sme scter riders have been seen n pavements; thers n the rad jumping red traffic lights, adding t the frustratin f mtrists stuck in jams. In the UK, the law states that riding ne n the public highway r pavement is frbidden. Riders currently face a £300 fixed-penalty ntice and six pints n their driving licence fr ding s. But, despite this, it seems the increasing ppularity f e-scters means they can be seen everywhere. And nw users are calling n regulatins t be changed.
The UK gvernment is lking at hw safely they can be used n the rad and is ‘reviewing’ the law. But its transprt minister, Michael Ellis, has tld the BBC that: “Micrmbility prducts are appearing in cuntries acrss the glbe and are an exciting innvatin fr which we knw there is demand. Hwever, safety must always be ur tp pririty when cnsidering their use n public highways in this cuntry.”
There’s n dubt there are dangers in riding a tw-wheeled scter. Despite the fact that sme f them can exceed 30mph, they smetimes nly have ne brake and n lights. They als becme unstable if the rider hits a pthle, and hwever cnfident the rider may be, larger vehicles n the rad make them vulnerable (easy t be hurt). S it seems mre wrk needs t be dne t give e-scters a safe and legal space t travel in.
40. What is it that makes an e-scter easy t ride?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Why are mtrists annyed by thse e-scter riders?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement. Then underline it and explain why.
T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut where e-scters can be used.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
43. D yu think e-scters shuld be allwed n public rads? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim给你发邮件和你分享了最令他难忘的一件事，并询问你最难忘的一件事是什么。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 你最难忘的一件事；2. 说明难忘的原因。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua