中考英语专题复习 01还原短文万能公式 课件

这是一份中考英语专题复习 01还原短文万能公式 课件，共38页。PPT课件主要包含了主题与家人相处，指代shoes，本段的主题是“拍照”，某一段的总说句，后文讲的是具体的方法，讲睡前阅读，优点转折到缺点等内容，欢迎下载使用。
五选四可以不必按照顺序去做，而是先选择简单的，明显的，自己能够确定的，为难题缩小选择的范围。
1、看题目的位置，是段首(通常是总起句)、段中(通常是过渡句)、段尾(常是总结或者是启下句)。 2、看选项，可以先给选项按照总说、分说进行分类，大致可以确认一些选项大概的位置，尤其要注意选项中的中心词、代词、关联词等指向性明确的词语。 3、注意选项与原文的内容的相关性、指代的一致性、句式的相似性和逻辑的匹配性进行还原填空。
1、读标题、小标题、首段、段首句，把握大意与结构。
五选四通常是“总—分(—总)”结构，偶尔是“总—分—分”结构，把握住这个“总—分(—总)”的整体结构和段际关系，对于标题类和主题句类设空的解答大有帮助。
2、翻译理解选项，预测前后可能性
3、细读原文空前空后，找相关线索，初步确定答案 4、选择完毕后，一定要整体阅读来确认最后的答案。
话题一致是还原短文的首要要求，一定是话题相关，主题相同的内容才能出现在同一个段落。
解题技巧： 有小标题:小标题就是这段的主题，找到话题相关的选项，进行对比，选最优解。 选小标题:找段落主题句，通常是首尾，或者看关键词。 无小标题:看主题句，或者多次出现的关键词，找与本段话题相关选项。
小标题是最好的提示，一般小标题后面的段落都会有小标题的原词重现。
A(2022 光明区二模)A.Use the internet and yur phne they can help yu think f new ways f ding yur hardest t get alng with yur family als have respect the mney they pay fr yu.
This is especially imprtant that yur parents are the nes paying fr yur phne bills and theinternet cnnectin. Yu have t shw them that yu respect the values they teach yu. Using the internet and yur phne is an advantage, nt yur right. 2.__________
1._______
主题:使用互联网和电话
含有代词作主语的句子一般不可能是小标题
这一段的主题明显是和使用手机与互联网有关
D选项中的als,respect刚好和文中的respect对应，pay fr yu与文中的paying fr yur bills对应。
B(2022 深圳外国语三模)A.If they still feel gd, yu can begin running in a gd marathn runner, yu shuld have a healthy dietC.Nw yu are ready fr a gal fimprving distance and yu begin yur training, buy the best-fitting running shes
3.________ N ne can say which brand will wrk best fr yu, s yu have t rely n the feel f each pair n yur feet.When yu have fund shes that seem right, walk in them fr a few dayst duble-check the fit. 4.________ As always, yu shuld stretch at least ten minutes befre each run t prevent injuries.
根据品牌、试鞋子等关键词，可知本段的主题是挑选合适的鞋子
C(2022龙岗区适应性考试)A.Imagine yurself succeedingB.When yu understand the imprtance f memrizingC.Self-dubt and fear f failure are weights n yur shulders
Time fr math, Yur heart starts racing, 5._______ Yu hear this fixed mindset. I can't d math. I dn't like math, math is t hard. I'll never use it in the “real wrld” ... Yu are nt alne. Math anxiety(焦虑) affects students arund the wrld.
D(2022 中考真题)A.Get prperly warmed up firstB.Warm-ups d gd t yur hearC.These include ft, leg, knee and ever back injuries
Whether yu're stuck inside frm terrible weather, r shyness, there are ways t exerciseindrs every day. Here's hw yu can wrk ut effectively at hme. 6._______ A gd warm-up makes sure yur bdy gets much-needed xygen. When yur bdy is warm, yu’ll mve better. Warm-ups als help reduce stress n yur heart and the pssibilities f getting S it's necessary t warm up befre yu start t wrk ut.
原文说warm-up减少心脏受伤的可能性，不符合文意。
根据warm-up这个关键词可知，本段主题是“热身的好处”。
列举具体受伤的可能是哪些
E(2023秋罗湖区期中统考)A.Air travel,fr example, allws fd t travel peple prefer t eat the fd which is prduced lcallyC.Wrking ut the envirnmental cst f what we eat is nt easy
When we calculate (计算) fd miles, we shuldn't just think abut the exact number f miles. It depends n many factrs hw damaging these miles can be. Fr ne thing, the way f transprtatin is imprtant. 8.________ Hwever, this speedy delivery system causes a carbnftprint (碳足迹) abut 50 times bigger than that f the much slwer transprtatin f fd by sea.
主题和运输方式有关，故答案选A.
F(2024 深中33 校联考)A.Dn't just put them back in the cupbard(橱柜) taking a pht and see hw it makes yu feelC.Even cleaning up a small area can give yu big excitement.
Use phts t save space Did yu knw that taking a pht f smething can help yu remember it withut actually keeping the item? Yu keep things because yu have memries with them. 9.______ It may helpyu let g and clear the space
解题技巧： 人称代词指代:原文与选项中都会出现代词，代词一定是就近指代且数格一致。 This/These:一般指代前文提到过的事件。 名词指代:是上下文出现具体的事件的总结或者概括。
代词是关键性的线索词，也是我们验证题目选择是否正确的重要标志。
A(2022盐田区一模)A.It allws her t cver lnger distancesB.Ms, Rutherfrd's trip was nt easyC.This jurney is smething Ms. Rutherfrd has dreamed abut fr a lng time
Ms. Rutherrd has made this jurney in a small tw-seater plane. One f the seats has beenreplaced with an extra gas tank (油箱).1. ____ The plane has had several ther updates frsatety, including a secnd radi, and satellite cmmunicatins that let her talk t peple whenever she needs t.
B(2022 龙华区二模)A.They were caused by climate is the Amazn “sick”?C.All these activities have caused abut 17 percent f the rainfrest t disappear.
The Amazn is ne f the wrld's wettest places. But since 2005, three drughts (干早) have three drughts hit the rainfrest. 2._______ The trees dn't have enugh water t grw. What's wrse, as they becme dry, they can easily catch fire. On tp f this, peple cut dwn rainfrest trees fr wd. They burn the frest t make farm land. They clear trees t find minerals (矿产)
这里的they指代的文中的three drughts
这里的“all these activities”指的就是文中的所有“”破坏活动。
C(2023罗湖区二模)A.Italy has tw such dishes, spaghetti(意大利面)and , pizza spread acrss the cuntry with the rapid develpment f the cityC.Pizzas were cut t meet the custmers’needs
There are nt many natins that can say their natinal dish has becme internatinal. 4._________ Bth are famus all ver the wrld, and bth have made the histry f ltalian fd. Peple have been eating pizza, in ne frm r anther, fr centuries. They eat it everywhere—at hme, in restaurants, r n street crners.
such指的是文中的natinal dish
D(2023 坪山区二模)A.It's als a gd chice fr thse wh lead busy mdern lives t enjy the beauty f is nt nly ne f China's 24 slar terms, but als a hliday fr peple t hnr lst family Chinese peple like t stay at hme n Qingming Festival.
Qingming Festival is a Chinese name Qingming cmes frm the saying “Plants start t cme t life in a clear and bright way in early April”.
很明显，该句也是一个总说句。出现在首段，是对“清明节”的解释。
E(2023盐田区二模)A.This will help uplift yur mre yu practice, the happier yu'll yu are having health prblems, be grateful fr what des wrk.
Write dwn what yu're grateful fr each day. In mments when yu're feeling really dwn, read what yu wrte befre. 6.________ If yu keep ding this regularly, yu will find that yur list will get lnger and lnger.
F(2023秋南实集团期中测试)A.Sleep has a great effect n yur md (情绪) desn't mean sitting arund and ding nthingC.Make a list by writing ut sme things that yu are lking frward tD.In fact, scientists think there is a strng cnnectin between clthing and the md.
Arrange(安排)smething relaxing fr yurself After a weekend f fun, it might be best t keep Mnday's schedule a little lighter than ther days. 7._________ It means that instead f facing the mst difficult tasks n Mnday, yu can put time int sme easier tasks. Putting less stress n yurself is a gd way t deal with the Mnday blues.
This和It均指代下面这句
解题技巧： 词语复现:如果空格前、后句中与正确选项中含有相同的一个或几个词。 同义复现:如果前后句与选项中没有相同的词，但有同义表达。 词语同现:有相互关联的词语在上下文中有同时出现的可能性。
选项与段落有重复的词语或者意义相近或用相反的表述表示相同意义，是选择的重要依据。
A(2022 南山区二模)A.S, I nly drank sme water and went t the venue.B.A dzen Chinese dishes have becme ppular during the Beiiing 2022 Winter , I put sme red bean buns in my backpack.
Red bean bun Snwbarder Jenise Spiteri, the nly athlete standing fr Malta, is a big fan f Chinese fd. “One mrning, I was t nervus t eat any I didn't realize that I still had nein my pcket when I did the run, s I was like “Oh, key! Nw I can finally eat,” she recalled.
B(2022 罗湖区二模)A.S hw can we prtect ur ears?B.Peple d a lt t prtect their eyesC.Hw t clean yur ears?
2.________ Usually, ur ears clean themselves, The earwax (耳屎) builds up, dries ut, and then cmes ut f the ear alng with sme dirt. Dn't clean yur ears with anything sharp, r it can make the earwax g t deep int yur ears and hurt them. But if yur ears start t hurt, yu can g t a dctr fr help.
C(2022 宝安中学三模)A.I made 26 wrld recrds!B.I like traveling a lt, and I just want t keep n ging.C.I als like swimming, but I have n chance t try it.
A news reprter interviewed Olga Ktelk, a 96-year-ld athletic champin. She is an amazingld lady. Here is what she said abut herself After 70 years f cmpetitins, I have ver 750 gld medals. And tw years ag, I tk parin my last cmpetitin in a grup aged frm 90 t 94. 3. ____ And I knw these recrds will bebrken by smene else in the future.
D(2022深圳中学6月阶段测试)A.Ask smene t help yu with the film writing is intended t be persuasive(令人信服的) a film is mre pleasant than writing a review.
When writing a film review, always cnsider wh the intended audience is fr the film andthe audience yu are writing , it shuld shw clearly that yu nt nlyviewed the mvie, but als read the nvel r play which frmed the basis f the mvie.
E(2023 秋百外开学考)A.Similarly,as little as 20 minutes f exercise can bst md as helps yu fcus n nt simply what's mst visible r practices can help us better enjy life events and remain iyful
Finally, we all need t frm gd habits that encurage physical and mental health. Studies shw that peple wh get at least tw days f exercise per week are happier. 5.______
F(2023 秋南山区期中统考)A.Smetimes it's best t be silent if yur wrds might hurt smene peple lie ut f habit, withut even realizing they're ding the mre lies yu tell, the mre stries yu have t remember.
One clear reasn fr hnesty is that lies are difficult t hide because they are harder t remember than the truth. If yu make up a stry, yu have t remember all the details. 6._______But if yu prmise t tell the truth, yu will never have truble remembering. This saves yureffrt and makes cnversatins less stressful fr yu.
G(2023秋龙华区期中统考)A.Start each day by fcusing n what t d, then make a list fr that is what yu make nly d yu feel gd abut yurself, but ther peple will benefit frm yur ffer.
Make a daily plan D yu wake up in the mrning with a terrible feeling because there is just s much t get dne? 7._______A few minutes spent making a list will prevent yu frm frgetting smething imprtant, and will help yu priritize yur tasks.
解题技巧： 前后文有类似的句式或者表达。 有表示“也”的词语出现:als,as well,either,t等。
在内容不是那么好判断的时候，句子结构也是一个很好的辅助。
A(2023 宝安区二模)A.Here are three things yu may nt knw abut Rain shw the wisdm and creativity f the ancient Water is the best time f the year t eat fresh bamb shts.
In China, the 24 slar terms were created thusands f years ag t guide farm wrk. 1.______ They als shw China's rich histry thrugh the seasnal festivals, special fds cultural ceremnies and even healthy living tips that g with each slar term.
B(2023秋红岭中学开学考)A.Mre peple are learning the , the number f inheritrs(继承人) is abut carving craftsmen als need t have knwledge in many areas.
Thanks t their creative design and fresh ideas, Weifang nut carving artwrks have been increasingly welcmed by peple in China. 2._____ And mre peple have even becme inheritrs t pass dwn the skill t yung peple.
C(2024 罗外一模)A.There are ther gd reasns fr smiling give the muscles in yur face a rest and smile!C.If a persn is sad, the best thing t d is t share a smile r laugh.
Third, smiles have pwer. Bth smiling and laughing can easily and quickly spread frm persn t anther. If ne persn smiles, peple arund him r her want t smile, t. Similarly when a persn laughs, peple will be likely t laugh with him r is the easiest and cheapest way t cheer smene up.
解题技巧： 文章中出现表示顺序的词语:first,secnd... finally, ne..., anther...等。 也可能出现与时间相关的，能表示时间先后的词语。
(2024 坪山区一模)A.The first step is t imprve ur , n matter what we d, we must nt fl facial expressin is an imprtant part f ur appearance.
1.______ We shuld make sure that we stay in gd shape and dress well. When we lknice and well-dressed, we will nt nly lk better but als feel better. In additin, we shuld smile and appear friendly. 2.______ If we shw a smile n ur face, peple will be attracted t ur gd lks and impressed by ur cnfidence Anther imprtant step is develping mre cnsideratin fr thers.
解题技巧： 多考查段落的总分关系:总起句+分说，通过分说总结出总起句，根据总起句推断后面分说句。
通过句子之间的逻辑关系来选择也是还原短文一个极为重要且有效的方式。
A(2022高级中学二模)A.There are many mre high-tech elements that imprve athletic cled the ice and kept the temperature changes n the surface within just half f ne events nly last a few secnds.. and the wind is changing all the time
1.______ Gd examples include drag-reducing (减少阻力的)sprtswear, smart beds that massage (按摩) athletes, and rbts that ck. All these helped keep China's prmise t hld an “athlete-centered’Olympics,” said Zha Weidng, the spkespersn f the Beijing rganizing cmmittee.
后文的分说举例都是与高科技有关，所以总起句应该是A
B(2022坪山区二模)A.Make travelling carbn- and recycle yur 's imprtant t frm gd eating 's take a lk at what steps yu can take.
Climate change is ne f the biggest challenges we're facing. Human activity ver the last200 years has meant that we're standing n the brink(边缘)f an envirnmental disaster. Yetwe're tld that there are still things we can d t prtect the planet. 2._______ Drive less ften 3._______ Instead f driving t yur wrkplace, take public transprtatin, walk, skate, r ridea bike. Nt nly are they gd fr the planet, but they're als gd fr yur health. Depending nthe weather, yu may enjy this new trip mde even mre than sitting in traffic.
带有小标题的还原短文，第一段的结尾经常会有一句引出下文的句子。
分说句讲的都是与公共交通，交通方式有关，所以选A。
C（2022 红岭中学三模）A.Smetimes it can be really hard t be thankful in yur is sme advice fr yu t be grateful(感激的) can simply help t make thse things easier t deal with and make yu feel a gd way t feel better is t take a break and find smething that yu are grateful fr.
There is gd reasn t believe that peple wh learn t be grateful are happier and healthierthan thse wh dn't. Grateful peple feel pleased with what they have instead f cmplainingabut what they lack, They see each day as a new pprtunity fr happiness, rather than anthelchallenge t take n. 4.________ Take a minute t be thankful fr yur life 5.________ At schl, step utside fr a shrt walk t breathe the fresh air and think abut hw thankful yu are fr the chance t take a break and feel the sun, At hme, the things yu're thankful fr can be yur mrning cup f milk r the sft pillw yu sleep n at night.
带有小标题的还原短文，第一段的结尾经常会有一句引出下文的句子，故答案选B。
D(2022 深实验三模)A.It is nt easy t becme a better fllwing tips can be wrd chices are necessary fr gd writing.
Many f us dn't spend a lt f time imprving ur writing skills. This can be a prblem when we hand in ur articles. Gd writing skills will help us imprve ur grades and benefit uslater in life. 6.__________ Make gd wrd chices When we’re nt sure which wrd is the right ne fr a sentence, lk it up in a dictinary. Many f us chse wrds in a hurry and dn't take the time t decide if they're prper. 7._________
B(2024 深外第5 次月考)A.Everyne is ging t face a day when they just can't d their psitive a bk befre bed can be a better chice than staring at yur a time—like after the wrkday-t step ut and enjy the gift f this wrld.
Read befre Sleep 8.______ Yur phne screen makes yu even mre anxius befre yu turn the lights ff. Thugh e-bks are ppular, try using a physical bk r an audi bk. Plus, remember t chse a bk that is calming t help yu fall asleep.
解题技巧：相邻句是因果关系，一般是前因后果，也可能前果后因，根据因果关系进行推导。 常见词:because,since,as,fr,s 等。
A(2022 罗湖中学三模)A.The teaching methds between teachers are , teachers allw yu t sit r stand in any students hld different pinins abut is very imprtant fr students in America.
1.______ S at the first term, dn't select t many curses, r yu'll feel very nervus and it may be bad fr yur study. Then yu have t ask fr sme teaching plans. Yu shuld try t knw smething abut subjects, time planning, marks and textbks. At the same time, yu must chse the teachers. 2.______ Knwing abut them, yu can chse the nes that suit yu.
因为选择很重要，所以不要选太多。
因为不同老师教学方法不同，所以要了解他们，选择适合自己的
B(2023 福田区一模)A.S it's best t read the fine print carefullyB.Beachgers are usually advised t stay ff sand hillsC.Hwever, plastic tys break easily, leaving behind bits and pieces.
Use safer sunscreens Many sunscreens say that they are “envirnmentally-fiendly", which has n firm definitins大(定义), and their usage isn't cntrlled by gvernmental Only buy mineral-based sunscreens s that they wn't d harm t the sea envirnment.
A(2023 秋龙岗区期中联考)A.That's why dark chclate is the healthiest fact, cca beans are full f antixidants(抗剂) that are gd fr it's believed that cca butter cvers ur fllwing are sme advantages f eating chclate.
Chclate causes bad teeth. It's nt chclate itself that causes tth decay(腐), but the sugar in chclate and bad teeth-brushing habits. 4._____ This might actually prtect instead f hurting them. Chclate nly becmes a danger when yu eat it t much. It's imprtant t remember that mst f the advantages f chclate cme frm cca. 5.______
D(2024盐田区一模)A.S remind them it's kay t say,“N, thanks” if they're can help them feel mre prepared and in cntrl f their , help them plan a hliday with time fr hbbies, exercise and husewrk.
Setting Bundaries(界限) There may be gatherings r parties yur teens wuld prefer nt t attend. 6._______ Additinally, help them with plite excuses that allw them t escape frm cnyersatins, such as saying “Excuse me, I need t check n smething.” This will enable them t handle scial situatins with cnfdence and cmfrt.
E(2024福田区十校联考)A.S cyclists shuld fllw traffic the tyres in gd cnditin t prtect the safety f yur trip?C.Here are sme suggestins n hw t keep safe.
Fllw traffic laws. Traffic laws apply t yu as a cyclist, as well as ther rad users. 7.__________ Yu must stp frred lights and avid riding in mtr ways. By beying these rules, riders can keep themselves andthers safe n the rad.
解题技巧： 相邻句是转折关系，前后文有意思相反的表达，或者意思相反的词语，即为转折关系。 常见词:but,hwever, althugh,thugh等。
前后文意思相反，转折句一般出现在段中。
A(2023 福田区一模)A.S it's best t read the fine print a reusable bag t clean up while yu're walking n the , plastic tys break easily, leaving behind bits and pieces.
Thughtful tys fr kids It's fun fr yur little nes t play with plastic tys in the They end up plluting the envirnment and can be accidentally eaten by animals, causing them serius harm reven killing them. Pack metal r wden tys instead.
B(2023宝安教育集团12月阶段测试)A.That's why yu shuld ntice thers nt t think abut yur wn , it takes time and effrt t slve the prblem.
Place yur attentin n thersFr mst f us, when we think we will feel nervus if we speak up r stand ut, we becme shy. 2.______When yu stp paying attentin t yurself, yustp wrrying abut yur perfrmance
有问题，但解决要花时间
C(2024 适应性考试)A.But they dn't enjy being picked up and carried , with the right care, they are very pleagant animals.
Put all feet n the flr Rabbits are seen as a gd first pet fr children. 3.____ They can be easily scared. Rabbits like t keep all fur feet n the grund rather than be held in arms.
D(2024 红岭中学九下开学考)A.Try t speak lud enugh s peple can hear yu it is easy t vercme if yu understand that failure is part f life.C.A strng bdy helps yu be full f cnfidence.
Get rid f(消除)fear. Fear ges alng with failure. 4.__________ Try t start again and believe yu can d better.
恐惧伴随失败而来，但是很容易战胜