专题02 冠词 （教师版+学生版）---高考英语精选考点专项突破

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考点1、不定冠词
不定冠词用于表示泛指，一般修饰单数可数名词，有a和an两种形式，当紧跟冠词的名词或修饰词的第一个音素是辅音音素（不一定是辅音字母）时，用不定冠词a；当紧跟冠词的名词或修饰词的第一个音素是元音音素（不一定是元音字母）时，就用不定冠词an。如a university an hur an hnest by
口诀：不看字母看读音,不见原因(元音)别施恩(n)
分考点1. 不定冠词的基本用法
Pint 1：用于第一次提到或出现的可数名词前，表泛指，不特别指明具体情况
A girl is waiting fr yu.
Pint 2：用于可数名词单数前 泛指某一类人、事或物；相当于any，这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法
A hrse is an animal
Pint 3.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有ne强烈。
I have a cmputer.
Pint 4.在表示价格、速度、比率等名词前表示“每一”，相当于pre.
I g t schl five days a week.我一周上五天课。
Pint 5.表示“某个”、“一类”相当于a certain 。
A Miss Zha cane t see yu while yu were absent.
Pint 6. “f a/an + 名词” 表示相同尺寸、年龄等，相当于f the same + 名词
These sweaters are f a size
分考点2. 不定冠词用于固定搭配中
all f sudden 突然 as a matter f face 事实上 at a lss 不知所措 be n a visit 拜访 g n a diet 在节食 give sb a lift 让某人搭便车 in a mess 杂乱地 as a result f 由于
考点2、定冠词
分考点1. 定冠词的基本用法
Pint 1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。
The bk n the desk is mine
Pint 2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。
Open the windw, please.
Pint 3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。
I have a car. The car is red.
Pint 4.指世界上独一无二的事物。
Which is bigger, the sun r the earth?
Pint 5.用在序数词，形容词最高级前。
The first lessn is the easiest ne in this bk.
Pint 6.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Great Wall 长城，the United States 美国
Pint 7.用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。
the pr穷人, the blind盲人
Pint 8用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。
the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩
Pint 9.用在方位词前。
n the left在左边，in the middle f在中间
Pint10.用在乐器名称前。
She plays the pian every day.
Pint 11.用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。
the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River长江
Pint 11.用于表示朝代、年代的名词前，或用于整十的数词复数（表示某个年代）前
He mved t the suth in the fifties.
Pint 12.用于表示度量单位的单数名词前前，
如by the hur /day /week /year 等。但size /weight /time 这类名词跟by连用时，其前不加定冠词。
Pint 13.用于“动词（hit ,strike ,pull ,take 等）+sb + 介词+ the+表示身体部位的名词”结构中，该结构中的the不可用陷入持续的形容词性物主代词代替。
hit sb n the head 打某人的 头 put sb n the shulder 拍某人的肩 pull sb by the hand 拉某人的手 take sb by the arm 抓住某人胳膊 strike sb in the face 打某人的脸
分考点2. 定冠词用于固定搭配中
all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the mment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；d the shpping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the mrning/afternn/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the pen air 在户外，在野外 all ver the wrld 全世界 at the tp f 在顶端 in the habit f 有习惯 make the mst f 充分利用 nt in the least 一点也不 n the cntrary 与此相反
考点3、零冠词
分考点1. 零冠词的基本用法
Pint 1.棋类,球类,一日三餐名词前不用任何冠词
Play chess play ftball have supper
特例：当ftball，basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：I can see a ftball.我可以看到一只足球。Where’s the ftball？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)
Pint 2.季节,月份,星期,节假日名词前不用任何冠词.
In July in summer n Mnday n Teachers’ Day
Pint 3.人名,地名,国家名前不加冠词
Beijing is the capital f China
Pint 4.学科,语言,称呼,语职务名词前不用冠词
Math is hard t learn
Pint 5.复数名词表示类别时不加冠词
They are wrkers I like eating apples
Pint 6.名词前已有物主代词(my，yur，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/thse)、不定代词(sme，any等)及所有格限制时,不用冠词
my bk(正)；my the bk(误)
Pint 7.在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。
N.25 Middle Schl
Pint 8.turn 意为“变为、成为”时，后面作表语的单数名词前不用冠词。
His dream is t turn lawyer while his sister’s is t becme a dancer
Pint 9.by 与表示交通工具、通讯工具的名词连用时，名词前通常不加冠词。
He usually ges t wrk by bus
Pint 10.当man意为“人类”、wrd 意为“信息”、rm 意为“空间”时，其前通常不加冠词。
Wrd came that we wuld have a hliday .
分考点2. 零冠词的习惯用法
Pint 1.零冠词用于固定搭配中
at first 起初 in face 事实上 with satisfactin 满意地 at hand 即将来临 at dawn /dust/night/nn 在黎明、黄昏、夜晚、中午 catch fire 着火 cme t pwer 开始掌权 by weight 按重量 by mistake 错误地 by chance 碰巧 in case f 如果 in histry 在历史上 in peace 处于和平中 under repair 在维修中 hand in hand 手拉手 d harm t 对有害 at war 在交战
Pint 2.零冠词在固定句型中的用法
“零冠词+单数名词+ as /thugh + 从句主语+ 从句谓语+ 主句”意为“虽然/尽管，但是”。
Gd chice as/thugh it may be ,he has decided t give it up
尽管这可能是一个不错的选择，但他还是决定放弃。
考点4、冠词的活用
Pint 1.物质名词或抽象名词具体化时
这类名词表示一种物质或抽象概念时，是不可数名词，前面不加冠词，但如果表示具体人或事，特别是前面有形容词修饰时，就变成了可数名词，前面要加不定冠词，具有此用法的名词有：
物质名词：rain snw fg wind drink beer 等
抽象名词：success failure surprise pleasure beauty pity danger 等
rain 雨---- a heavy rain 一场大雨
Music is really a great pleasure .
It is a pity that what all the majrity f peple care abut is hw they culd be paid mre .
令人遗憾的是，大多数人所在乎的只是他们怎样才能得到更多的报酬。
Pint 2.序数词前面通常用定冠词the ,但也可用不定冠词，表示“再一，又一”
Learn English as a secnd language can be a painful experience .
Pint 3 .形容词比较级前用定冠词表示“两者中较时”，而形容词的比较级前用不定冠词表示“一个更的”。
The girl is the taller f the twins.
If we sit near the frnt f the bus ,we’ll have a better view .
Pint4 .表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前往往用定冠词，但当这些词前面有形容词修饰时，其前用不定冠词修饰，表示泛指。
A new mn is hanging in the sky .一轮新月悬挂在空中。
Pint 5 .表示一日三餐、季节、月份、星期等名词前通常不加冠词，但若名词前有修饰词或指具体的某一顿饭或特指某一餐、某一季节、某一月份等，其前要用冠词。
We met fr the first time in the winter f 1998
1、（2022年全国高考乙卷）T celebrate ______ festival, a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
2、（2022年全国高考甲卷）______ friend f his, Wu Fan, vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
3、（2022年全国新高考II卷） ______ Brwn family live in an apartment building utside Trnt.
4、（2022年全国新高考I卷）cvering an area abut three times ______ size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
5、（2021年新高考八省联考）64． Linclns enlarged the huse t a full tw stries in 1856 t meet the needs f their grwing family.
6、（2021年全国高考甲卷）It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all 68． way arund the Xi'an City Wall.
7、（2021年全国高考乙卷）Due t 65． grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
8、（2021年新高考I卷）While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is 65． must t visit!
9、（2020年海南高考）Each vlume in the set explres66． wide range f material, explains the basic cncepts f majr applicatins f digital systems, and discusses the influences they have n everyday life.
10、（2020年浙江高考1）This style f farming lasted fr quite a lng time. Then，with 64． rise f science，changes began
11、（2020年全国高考）he plum trees are 70． first t flwer even as the snw is melting(融化). They represent the prmise f spring and a renewal f life.
12、（2020年浙江高考2）A child brn in the US tday has63． very realistic chance f living beynd 100 and needs t plan accrdingly.
1．（2022·广西桂林·二模）All f ________ sudden, the bamb in the panda’s hands is turned int a bbsleigh (雪橇) carrying the girl while the panda speeds ahead. (用适当的词填空)
2．Tu said in Beijing. The prize winning is ________ hnr fr China’s science cause and traditinal Chinese medicine in their curse f reaching ut t the wrld. （用适当的词填空）
3．________event in my life three r fur years ag made me examine my wn attitudes twards alternative medicine. （用适当的词填空）
4．At this pint, hwever, the unique culture that prduced these man-made bjects remains ________ mystery. (用适当的词填空)
5．In sme regins, particularly in the western United States, drught is ________ serius prblem facing cmmunities. （用适当的词填空）
6．Yu culd buy secndhand clthing, t, as________ useful way t extend the lifespan (寿命) f items already created. （用适当的词填空）
7．They als set up the traffic signals and ________ series f traffic mnitring equipment. (用适当的词填空)
8．These are all examples f single-use plastic prducts, which is ________ ht tpic based n bth envirnmental and health cncerns. （用适当的词填空）
9．The pening f the China-Las Railway will thus help speed the develpment f the China-Las Ecnmic Crridr, and will further advance the building f a China-Las cmmunity with ________ shared future. （用适当的词填空）
10．Handwriting is________imprtant skill that ges beynd cmmunicatin. （用适当的词填空）
11．This technique imprved the annual grwth f rice greatly, which fed ________ ppulatin f 60 millin—equal t the whle f the UK. (用适当的词填空)
12．First impressins are the mst lasting. After all, yu never get________​secnd chance t make ________ ​first impressin. （用适当的词填空）
13．They have a different kind f superpwer that all f us pssess: the pwer t make ________ difference in the lives f thers. (用适当的词填空)
14．It was________cld January in 1925 in Nrth Alaska. The twn was cut ff frm the rest f the wrld due t heavy snw. （用适当的词填空）
15．The Hunchback f Ntre-Dame, presented the building t ________​wide audience f readers. （用适当的词填空）
16．These Games are nt ________ end f the stry. With their perfrmance and their appearance, each f these athletes can win ver a huge new fan cmmunity fr the time after the Games. （用适当的词填空）
17．And withut curage, we’ll never step int ________ unknwn. （用适当的词填空）
18．Cbb ,fr her part ,started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak whether she culd d s remtely ,abut three quarters f ________ time,they agreed （用适当的词填空）
19．________ Linclns enlarged the huse t a full tw stries in 1856 t meet the needs f their grwing family. Three f the fur Lincln sns were brn here. (用适当的词填空)
20．In fact, cmmunicatin has been ________ best way t prmte each ther’s understanding and trust. (用适当的词填空)
21．In________ cuntryside in Hebei Prvince, peple wuld fetch water frm a well at dawn. （用适当的词填空）
22．Nw we knw that they have ________ same features that can als be fund in sharks arund Australia and the Suth Sea. （用适当的词填空）
23．When Rse was tw, her grandpa started taking ntes every time they spent time tgether. He kept________ habit until she was five, filling up three ntebks ver the three years. （用适当的词填空）
24．The Made in China 2025 strategy prmted the cmbinatin f manufacturing and new technlgies such as________ Internet, big data and clud cmputing, Mina added. （用适当的词填空）
25．Jane’s grandmther had wanted t write a children’s bk fr many years, but ne thing r anther always gt in ________ way. (用适当的词填空)
26．The sund f the car died away in ________ distance. （用适当的词填空）
27．The past cannt be changed. ________ present is still in yur pwer. （用适当的词填空）
28．The athlete missed ________ gld in the high jump, but will get ________ secnd chance in the lng jump. （用适当的词填空）
29．It’s evident that ________ little mney he earns can hardly supprt ________ family as large as his. (用适当的词填空)
30．Let’s g t ________ new-pened science museum — that will take yur mind ff the prblem fr ________ while. (用适当的词填空)
31．Animals are bviusly ____ lwer frm f life than ____ man. （用适当的单词填空）
32．Three became plitical leaders; three became dctrs; the mst famus graduate became ________ university teacher and was respnsible fr the intrductin f mdern teaching methds in his cuntry. （用适当的词填空）
33．Of all________ reasns fr my decisin t becme a university prfessr, my father’s advice was ________ mst imprtant ne. (用适当的词填空)
34．It’s a shame that many turists are still in ________ habit f writing silly things in public places. （用适当的词填空）
35．Wuldn’t it be ________ wnderful wrld if all natins lived in peace with ne anther? （用适当的词填空）
36．________ whle prcess was s smth that Tang Hngb was seen playing with the pen during the prcess f returning t earth. (用适当的词填空)
37．My rmmate is ________ newcmer t AI, but she has already made sme advances. (用适当的词填空)
38．We stayed in________ small htel which was similar t many f the traditinal buildings in the village. （用适当的词填空）
39．Brught t large area applicatin, this technique imprved the annual grwth f rice greatly, which fed ________ ppulatin f 60 millin--equal t the whle f the UK. （用适当的词填空）
40．Tngmuguan Fault Zne is________ center f the faults, frming a spectacular "V"-shaped grand canyn. （用适当的词填空）
41．“Medical xygen is________ pririty (优先) f ur members,” says Richard Craig, vice president f technical and regulatry affairs fr the Cmpressed Gas Assciatin. （用适当的词填空）
42．The Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games pening ceremny began at the Natinal Stadium in Beijing n the evening f February 4, 2022. ________ duratin f the ceremny was reduced t abut 100 minutes because f the cld weather and the COVID-19. (用适当的词填空)
43．Many new technlgies were used then, including cables (电缆) with the highest tensile (拉力的) strength in the wrld and________ advanced anti-cllisin system. （用适当的词填空）
44．It has been a majr part f traditinal Chinese culture and cntinues t play ________ vital rle in medical treatment in China tday. （用适当的词填空）
45．Then the flded clth is put in dye. The Bai peple usually make blue dye frm ________ plant. (用适当的词填空)
46．Subsequently (随后), its preservatin becmes ________ big challenge t the lcal gvernment. (用适当的词填空)
47．“Thugh yu were nt selected as a vlunteer f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics, every applicant is ________ excellent prmter fr the Olympic spirit and vlunteerism,” the cmmittee says in the letter. (用适当的词填空)
48．Wang is China’s secnd wman in space, after Liu Yang made histry by jining ________ Shenzhu-9 spacecraft in 2012. （用适当的词填空）
49．But these stries abut bad luck shuld be taken with a grain f salt. In ther wrds, listen t a stry r ________ explanatin with suspicin and distrust. (用适当的词填空)
50．Bth turists and residents t actively participate and interact in building Hainan Island int ________ jyful destinatin fr visitrs arund the wrld. (用适当的词填空)
考查点
全国新高考卷
全国卷
命题分析
2022
2021
2020
2022
2021
2020
不定冠词
卷I，75题
卷II，41题
海南卷66题
浙江卷68题
甲卷，64题
冠词是语法填空的易考点，其考查点有：
冠词的基本语法，特别是冠词的泛指、特指及在形容词和副词的比较等级前的用法
冠词在习惯用语中的用法
冠词的活用也不可忽视
定冠词
卷I，57题
卷II，57题
浙江高考，64题
浙江卷64题
乙卷，62题
乙卷，65题
甲卷，78题
卷III，70题
零冠词