专题03 代词 （教师版+学生版）---高考英语精选考点专项突破

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考点1、人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 指示代词及疑问代词的用法
分考点1. 人称代词
Pint ：人称代词的形式和用法
人称代词的主格和宾格在句中作不同的成分，主格多作句子主语,有时用作表语；宾格用在及物动词或介词后作宾语，也可作表语或同位语。在口语中,常用人称代词的宾格作表语。
T really understand a man we must judge him in misfrtune.
要真正了解一个人,我们必须要在不幸中考察他。(主格we作主语;宾格him作宾语)
分考点2. 物主代词
Pint ：物主代词的形式和用法
形容词性物主代词置于名词之前，起修饰作用，表示“…的”，在句中作定语。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、表语或宾语。
The main difference between ur brains and thse f mnkeys is that urs are bigger.
我们的大脑和猴子的大脑之间的主要差别在于我们的要大些。(ur作定语,修饰brains;;urs在表语从句中作主语,相当于 ur brains)
分考点2. 反身代词
Pint 1：反身代词的形式和用法
neself也是反身代词。反身代词多在句中作宾语、表语或同位语。
Self-image is yur wn mind's picture f yurself.
自我形象是你内心对自己的印象。(作宾语)
She is nt quite herself tday.
她今天身体不太舒服。(作表语)
She herself heard him say s yesterday.
她昨天亲耳听他这么说的。(作同位语)
Pint 2：含有反身代词的习惯用语
与介词连用
by neself独自地 fr neself亲自 in neself本质上;本身 f neself自动地
(2)与动词连用
cme t neself 苏醒;恢复知觉 dress neself 打扮;自己穿衣
devte neself t 致力于;献身于 behave neself 举止规矩有礼;检点
apply neself t 专心致志于 help neself t 随便吃/用
enjy neself 玩得开心 make yurself at hme 别客气
seat neself 就座；入席 adapt/ adjust neself t 适应于
teach neself 自学 speak t neself 自言自语
think fr neself 独立思考
分考点4. 指示代词
常用的指示代词有this , that , these , thse 。另外为了学习的方便，我们把s ， such 也归到这一类。
Pint 1：指示代词this that these thse 的用法
this意为“这；这个”，复数为 these，指刚提到的人、事物、想法或刚发生的事情。that意为“那；那个”,复数为 thse,,指已经提到或已经知道的人、事物、想法等。
The by was afraid and the dg had sensed this.
男孩害怕了,狗已经察觉到这一点。(this指前面提到的 The by was afraid这件事)
"We've been cheated, she said. Thse were her exact wrds.
她说:“我们被骗了。”那是她的原话。
(2)this/ these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that/ thse常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。
I think yu'' 'll find these mre cmfrtable than thse.我想你会觉得这些比那些更舒适。( these近指, thse:远指)
【特别注意】
(1)this可用于指将要说的或将要发生的事情，起启下的作用；that则指前面说过或发生的事情,起承上的作用。
I want t tell yu this: The English party will be held n Saturday afternn..
我要告诉你的是:这次英语派对将在周六下午举行。
He hurt his leg yesterday. That's why he didn't cme.
昨天他摔伤了腿。那就是他没来的原因。
that, thse可以作替代词,代替前面提到过的名词,以避免重复。that或 thse指代前面的名词时，后面总是跟限定语。
They first fund 10 verweight and inactive but therwise healthy yung men whse lifestyles are representative，
f thse f mst f us.
他们首先找到了10个超重的、不活跃但健康的年轻人,他们的生活方式代表了我们大多数人的生活方式。
Pint 2：such的用法
such意为“上述一类;诸如此类;这种;这类”,指代前面所叙述的人或事物,在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。such作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于其后的名词的数。
In such a situatin, I wrk as hard as I can-then let the uncnscius take ver
在这种情况下,我会尽最大努力工作一一然后便交由潜意识处理。
Such are my friends wh will never fail t help me when needed.
我的朋友们就是这样，永远会在我需要他们时伸出援手。
Pint 3：s的用法
意为“如此；这样”，代替一个句子或短语所表达的内容，以避免重复。
----Have yu handed in yur hmewrk?
----I did s yesterday.
一你的作业交了没有?
---我的作业昨天就交了。
(2)在 believe，think，expect，suppse，imagine，guess等词后用s代替前文提出的观点，既可用于肯定句中，也可用于否定句中。
---Is James cming tnight?
---I dn't think s.
---詹姆斯今晚会来吗?
---我想他不会来。
【特别注意】
s用在 I hpe,,I' m afraid后，代替前文提出的观点,只能用在肯定句中；若是否定，则用 I hpe nt.或I'm
afraid nt。
分考点5. 疑问代词
Pint ：疑问代词的形式和功能
【归纳总结】
（1）常用what 疑问的句型
What is the height /weight /depth /length /width / size? 高度/重量/深度/长度/ 宽度/尺寸是多少？
What is the ppulatin?人口是多少？
What is the distance ? 距离是多远？
What is the price ? 价格是多少？
What is yur address ? 你住在哪儿？
What is yur attitude? 你的态度是怎样的？
what 的其他常见句型：
What 怎么样？（用于提出建议或询问对方的情况）
What （...）fr? 为什么（）?（用于询问原因或目的）
What 如果怎么办？（用于引出条件）
S what ? 那又怎样？（表示某人对没事无所谓或认为某事不重要）
分考点6. It 的用法
Pint 1指代提到过的或正在谈论的动物或事物,及已知或正在发生的事实或情况等。
●Sme f my friends wh had been there befre said it was wnderful hliday destinatin..
我的一些朋友以前去过那里,他们说那儿是一个很棒的度假胜地。
Pint 2指时间、距离、日期、天气、温度等,用作主语。
●It is six miles frm here t the nearest hspital.
从这儿到最近的医院有6英里。(指距离)
● It is early spring,, but it is already very ht.
现在是初春,但天气已经很热了。(第一个It指时间,第二个t指天气)
Pint 3当说话者弄不清对方是谁或不清楚说话又对象的性别时,也常用it指代。
●---Smene is kncking at the dr.
---Wh can it be?
-----有人在敲门。
-----会是谁呢?
Pint 4 作形式主语或形式宾语。
代替不定式、v.-ing形式、名词性从句。
●Susan made it clear t me that she wished t make a new life fr herself..
苏珊和我讲清楚了,她希望开始自己的新生活。(it是形式宾语, that she wished t...是真正的宾语)
●It felt very funny watching myself n TV.
看到自己上电视非常有趣。(It作形式主语, watching myself n TV是真正的主语)
(2)常用it作形式主语的句式有:
It is a pity/ shame 真可惜
It is n wnder that..…不足为奇
It seems/ appears 似乎/看来…
It lks/ seems as if/ as 看起来好像…
It happens 碰巧…
It ccurs t//cmes t/ strikes//hits 某人突然想起…
It is said/ reprted 据说/据报道…
It is certain that...……是一定的。
It is n use/ gd 做……没有用/好处。
It takes sme time t d.做…...花费某人一些时间。
●It is certain that every effect must have a cause.
每个结果必定有其原因,这一点是确定的。
●It tk her a while t cme arund t the pinin that using nutria fur fr her creatins is mrally acceptable..
她花了一段时间才改变心态,接受这个观点,即在她的创作中使用海狸鼠皮从道德层面是可以接受的。
Pint 5表示“喜欢”、“恨”等情感倾向的动词后面接it，构成固定结构“动词+it+”,这类动词有
enjy, prefer, lve, like, hate, dislike, appreciate等。
●I'd appreciate it if yu culd let me knw in advance whether r nt yu will cme.
如果能提前告诉我你是否能来,我会不胜感激。
●I hate it when peple talk with their muths full.
我讨厌人满嘴食物时说话。
Pint 6 用于强调句:“It is/was+被强调部分+that..."。被强调部分指人时,也可以用wh代替that。
●“ Success is success but that is all that it is,,”Dr. Petrski writes.. It is failure that brings imprvement..
彼得罗斯基博士写道:“成功就是成功,但也就只有这些了。”正是失败带来进步。
Pint7熟记下列含it的常用短语或句型
make it 获得成功；赶上
See t it that... 确保…
cunt n// rely n/ depend n it that... 相信…
as smene puts it像某人所说的那样
When it cmes 当涉及/谈到…
I can't help it.() 我没办法/情不自禁(…..)。
I take it 我认为…
It's (high)time that sb. shuld d/did sth. 是某人该做某事的时候了。
It's the first/secnd/... time that sb. have/has dne sth. 这是某人第一次/第二次/第…次做某事了。
It is/ has been.. 自从……已过了…时间了。
It will be/was... 要过…时间才在…之前已过了……时间。
●See t it that yu're ready n time! 请你务必按时准备好!
●Yu can depend n it that he is helpful t yu. 他对你有帮助,你可以相信这一点。
●I'm als tightfisted when it cmes t shes, clthes fr my children,, and expensive restaurants.
当涉及孩子们的鞋子和衣服以及昂贵的餐厅时,我也会很小气。
分考点7. 不定代词
Pint 1 bth /neither /either /all / nne / any 的区别
There are many trees n ____ side f the river . A. bth B.any C.either D.all
注: 1). bth 的否定词是neither , all的否定词是nne.
2).bth f 作主语时,谓语动词用复数.
neither f作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
Neither f the answers ______(be) right .
Bth f my parents _______(be) wrkers.
3).词组
A) bth …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:nt nly …but als …
反义词组: neither … nr …
Nt nly yu but als she likes watching TV.= ____ yu _____ she like watching TV .= Yu like watching TV , _____ _____ she .
B) either …r … 或者……或者…… , neither…nr… 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.
Neither yu nr he ______ (be ) right .
One f Lily and Lucy is ging t the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ ging t the park.
C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”
D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: neither … sb 某人也不怎么样.
If yu dn’t g there , _____ _____ I . (我也不去)
4) hw many /hw much 的回答:用nne回答.
Wh 的回答:用n ne 回答.
What 的回答:用nthing 回答.
Hw many students are there in the classrm ? __________.
Wh can answer the questin ? _______.
A. Nne B.N ne C.Nthing
Pint 2 each / every 的区别
each 表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.
There are trees and frwers n _____ side f the street .
______ student has read a stry .
注:each 可以与f 连用, each f 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every 不能与f 连用.只能放在名词前作定语.
Each f us _______(study )hard .
Pint 3 ther /the ther /thers /the thers 的区别
注: 1) ne …the ther … 表示两者之间的一个……另一个……
2) sme… thers… 表示一些…… 一些……
3) anther 表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个. 只能修饰可数名词的单数.
但 anther +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ mre +复数名词 表示 “ 另外几个……”
Wuld yu like ______ apple ?
I have tw brthers , ne is a teacher , _________ is a wrker .
Sme are cleaning the classrm , ______ are sweeping the windw .
There are 20 teachers in ur schl . Eight f them are men teachers ,and _____ are wmen teachers
Pint 4 a few /few /a little /little 的区别

The stry is easy t read . there are _____ new wrds in it .
Hurry up ! There is _____ time left .
Pint 5复合不定代词.


温馨提示：
1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
2.形容词修饰不定代词时, 形容词放在不定代词之后.
3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后.
4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中,
1)指人的不定代词, 其反义疑问句中的主语用he 或they .
2)指物的不定代词, 其反义疑问句中的主语用 it .
5.any ,anything ,anyne, anybdy 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人”
●Everyne has a chance t win. 每个人都有机会赢。
●The dctr said there was nthing wrng with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。
【知识拓展】复合不定代词构成的习惯搭配:
nthing but 仅仅；只是 anything but 决不 r smething诸如此类的人或物
smething f 有几分;略微 smething else 别的东西；另外一件事 fr nthing. 免费
1、（2022年全国高考乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremny, pening __________ (it)first exhibitin: The Avenue f Truth — A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.
2、（2021年新高考八省联考）She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f 61． （she）, everything in gd taste and in perfect rder.
3、（2021年全国高考乙卷）Ecturism has 63． (it)rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s.
4、（2021年新高考I卷）and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in 64． (I).
5、（2020年海南高考）Readers are encuraged t cntinue explring the digital wrld with the guidance f65． （we）Further Resurces sectin featured in each vlume.
6、（2020年全国高考）As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模拟) and imagine 67． (they) living at a different time in histry r walking thrugh a rainfrest.
7、（2020年全国高考）Data abut the mn’s cmpsitin, such as hw much ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether 70． (it) plans fr a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
1．D nt have a drink r take drugs t calm ____________ (yu) dwn. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．（2022·江西·模拟预测）________ (it) large size and rund face are als adaptatins t its bamb diet. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3．（2022·广西桂林·二模）Netizens were fascinated by the vide’s ________ (amaze) cmbinatin f winter sprts and traditinal Chinese characters, highlighting ________ （they) wn unique characteristics and placing them alngside a wide range f sprting venues and cultural elements, including New Year paintings, Peking Opera, and ink-and-wash paintings. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．Always keep __________ in mind that a measure f hpe will take yu thrugh the unpleasant situatin. （用适当的词填空）
5．My sn was excited, but I felt helpless. I didn’t have that kind f mney. __________ was ging t cst $300! （用适当的词填空）
6．At that mment a yung lady wh nticed my bk came up t me and intrduced __________.（用适当的词填空）
7．Anyway, fr mre and mre cnsumers, cash is n lnger __________(they) habit. （所给词的适当形式填空）
8．Jiang’s parents will help take care f Jiang’s daughter, and as they age, Jiang and his wife will help take care f __________(they). （所给词的适当形式填空）
9．In __________(him) frties, he was tired f his varius businesses. （所给词的适当形式填空）
10．The full mns n Jan. 2 and Jan. 31 will be super __________(ne) and even they’ll be blue super mns. （所给词的适当形式填空）
11．________can be gd at smething fr 40 years if he desn’t lve it. (用适当的词填空)
12．Sme f my friends wh had been there befre said________was a wnderful hliday destinatin. (用适当的词填空)
13．A study shws the students wh are engaged in after-schl activities are happier than ________ (that) wh are nt. (所给词的适当形式填空)
14．This actr ften has the first tw tricks planned befre perfrming, and then ges fr ________ (what). (所给词的适当形式填空)
15．An imprtant factr affecting happiness is the tendency t cmpare ne’s situatin with ________ f ther peple. （用适当的词填空）
16．Taking regular exercise is ne gd way t help us keep fit and having a balanced diet is________ . （用适当的词填空）
17．He lent me a few bks, but________ f them are easy t read. （用适当的词填空）
18．I came acrss a gd friend f ________ (I) in the square the ther day, but we didn’t talk much because he was rushing t catch the bus . （所给词的适当形式填空）
19．Nwadays, schl safety is a ht issue. I think this is a phenmenn,________ calling fr ur great cncern.（用适当的词填空）
20．Generally, peple define a successful life as being happy, healthy, and able t enjy life t________ (it）fullest. （所给词的适当形式填空）
21．In his letter, he thanked________ (I) fr my appreciating his wrk. （所给词的适当形式填空）
22．—My ruler is brken. Can I brrw________ (yu)? （所给词的适当形式填空）
—Of curse. Here________ is.
23．________ is believed that it was his ability t wrk under pressure that led t his great success. (用适当的词填空)
24．Despite________ (he) ld age, Jack is still in better shape than many yung men. （所给词的适当形式填空）
25．I hate________ when she calls me at wrk-I’m always t busy t carry n a cnversatin with________(she). （所给词的适当形式填空）
26．Recently, as ________ (I) grandmther became ill, I fund ________ (I) spending mre time in the hspital. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27．She recgnized ________ (I) ptential and shwed me that I culd write with creativity and shwed me that I culd write with creativity and enthusiasm. （所给词的适当形式填空）
28．Yu can ask anyne fr help.​ ________here is willing t lend yu a hand. （用适当的词填空）
29．Raise yur leg and let ________stay in the air fr secnds. （用适当的词填空）
30．Besides , peple n the WeChat are mre likely t cmpare​(they) ________ with thers ,which will make them feel bad when finding sme peple seem t be successful. （所给词的适当形式填空）
31．Sme peple buy clth shes ut f nstalgia (怀旧), while________(ther) trust their quality. (所给词的适当形式填空)
32．Each medal has carvings f the Olympic rings n ne side. The rings represent the pursuit f unity and harmny, and they als f the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem at the center. （用适当的词填空）
33．Peple pick up the bikes and then ride and drp ________ff anywhere they like, lcking the back wheel, with n need t find a fixed place. (用适当的词填空)
34．Sme birds even mistakenly feed ________ (they) babies waste instead f fd. (所给词的适当形式填空)
35．When writing, many calligraphers will frget all wrries and even ________ (they), cmbining all thughts in the beauty f their art. （所给词的适当形式填空）
36．In a Weib pst, he thanked netizens fr ________(they) lve and praise. （所给词的适当形式填空）
37．The fact that she was freign made ________difficult fr her t get emplyed in that cuntry. （用适当的词填空）
38．It was hard fr him t learn English in a family, in which ________f his parents spke the language. （用适当的词填空）
39．The witness was asked a lt f questins by the pliceman,but she didn't answer ________f them. (用适当的词填空)
40．Hainan Trpical Rainfrest Natinal Park prtects the gibbns and ________ (they) envirnment（所给词的适当形式填空）
41．The by ran away frm the rm, screaming ut in terrr, direct t hme and hid ________ in his clset. （用适当的词填空）
42．In fact, STEM subjects are fun and exciting. Studying science can d ________ (we) gd. （所给词的适当形式填空）
43．She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f ________ (she), everything in gd taste and in perfect rder. （所给词的适当形式填空）
44．Mr. and Mrs. Zhang ________ wrk in ur schl. （用适当的词填空）
45．When I lk at this picture f myself, ... This picture ften brings back t me many happy memries f ________ (me) high schl days. （所给词的适当形式填空）
46．The village f Zhuzhuang in Jiangsu calls ________ (it) “the ldest water twn in China”． (所给词的适当形式填空)
47．My brther wuld like t buy a gd watch but________was available frm that shp. （用适当的词填空）
48．I've lived in New Yrk and Chicag, but dn't like ________f them very much.（用适当的词填空）
49．It sure des in ________(I). （所给词的适当形式填空）
50．Mary lved it. She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f ________（she）, everything in gd taste and in perfect rder. (所给词的适当形式填空）
考查点
全国新高考卷
全国卷
命题分析
2022
2021
2020
2022
2021
2020
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
指示代词
卷I ，64题
卷I，42题
卷II，45题
乙卷，70题
乙卷，63题
卷I，70题
代词主要在语法填空中考查，其考查点主要为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等在语境中的运用。不定代词偶尔也会涉及。试卷的设计注重语境，要求考生结合语境和句子结构解题。
it
不定代词
卷I，69题

单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
yu
yu
yu
yu
第三人称
it/she/he
it/her/him
they
them
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
形容词性物主代词
my
ur
yur
yur
its/his/her
their
名词性物主代词
mine
urs
yurs
yurs
its/his/hers
theirs
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
urselves
第二人称
yurself
yurselves
第三人称
himself/herself/itself
themselves
主语
宾语
表语
定语
跟f短语
指人
主格
wh
√
√
√
宾格
whm
√
√
所有格
whse
√
√
√
√
指物
which(也可指人）
√
√
√
√
√
what
√
√
√
√
都
都不
任何一个
两者之间
bth
neither
either
三者或三者以上
all
nne
any
(空)后面没有名词
(空)后面有名词
有数量限制(特指)
the thers
the ther
没有数量限制(泛指)
thers
ther
表否定(几乎没有)
表肯定(有一点/几个)
修饰可数名词
few
a few
修饰不可数名词
little
a little
sme
any
n
every
thing
smething
anything
nthing
everything
ne
smene
anyne
n ne
everyne
bdy
smebdy
anybdy
nbdy
everybdy