2024北京延庆区高一下学期期中考试英语含解析

这是一份2024北京延庆区高一下学期期中考试英语含解析，共33页。试卷主要包含了04， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2024.04
本试卷共11页，二大部分，56道小题，满分100分。考试时长90分钟。试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一卷（共47分）
Ⅰ. 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Persn Wh Has Influenced My Life
There is always a time in ne’s life when a her cmes alng. Smene wh has inspired yu can really help yu learn what life is abut.
I remember it as if it was yesterday. I was fifteen years ld that year. It was arund eight ’clck ne evening when my mther ___1___ a phne call frm her brther-in-law, wh tld us my aunt was in hspital and that the dctr ___2___ them she wuld need an peratin immediately. My family became very ___3___ abut my aunt’s situatin.
While my aunt was in the hspital with special ___4___, my cusin Mark, wh is mentally disabled, spent time with my family. Mark was seventeen at the time, and had been brn with ___5___ mental disrders, which created a wide range f scial and physical prblems fr him thrughut everyday life. He never had any true friend because n ne culd re late t him. I must ___6___ that at the beginning I was filled with uncertainty as t hw much f a burden my cusin wuld bring n my family. Nw lking back it saddens me t see the ___7___ I nce shwed.
Over the tw weeks when Mark lived with my family, I prbably ___8___ mre abut life and its meanings. Thinking back, I tk ___9___ in daily life fr granted, believing it wuld always be there. I never even thught abut being able t d things like walking, brushing my teeth, r ging t the bathrm n my wn. Nw I see hw ____10____ I am t be able t d these things independently.
Mark was seventeen, but learned n a nine-year-ld level. Althugh his learning ability was slwer than mst, he culd ____11____ learn. He explred ____12____ t d mst f the things everyne else did.____13____ he did pretty well and succeeded in almst everything he tried t d. He ____14____ his illness and shwed an ambitin t lve life. T him, having a successful life means achieving gals n his wn terms and at his wn ____15____.
Mark is my her, fr his disability has frever frmed my viewpint n life.
1. A. madeB. missedC. receivedD. used
2. A. prmisedB. infrmedC. shwedD. begged
3. A. wrriedB. happyC. indifferentD. careless
4. A. careB. actinC. purpseD. interest
5. A. mildB. severeC. tempraryD. mderate
6. A. believeB. regretC. admitD. decide
7. A. weaknessB. ignranceC. reliefD. mercy
8. A. frgtB. heardC. ignredD. understd
9. A. anythingB. smethingC. nthingD. everything
10. A. painfulB. braveC. luckyD. successful
11. A. seldmB. stillC. hardlyD. almst
12. A. pssibilitiesB. functinsC. achievementsD. difficulties
13. A. NaturallyB. ActuallyC. ObviuslyD. Accidentally
14. A. depended nB. fught againstC. suffered frmD. fcused n
15. A. riskB. cstC. paceD. trial
Ⅱ. 阅读理解（共16小题，每小题2分，共32分）
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Immersive Van Ggh
Frm the creatrs f the blckbuster shw in Paris seen by ver tw millin visitrs and still wwing crwds in Trnt, the west cast premiere (首场) f the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit will bring the art f Vincent t life in Ls Angeles.
Immersive art is nt just a technical way t represent vide and audi in huge spaces. The wrd immersive indicates a deep cmmitment f intentins which cnnect images and sunds in a way that the audience able t experience a different way f the art.
True t its name, this exhibitin transfrms the icnic (标志性的) paintings f Vincent Van Ggh int mving, wall-filling prjectins. “Immersive Van Ggh” prmises half-a-millin cubic feet f prjectins that pull frm sme f the pst-impressinist’s mst recgnizable pieces, including The Bedrm, Sunflwers and, yes, The Starry Night.
Yu will experience art like never befre — lse yurself in entrancing, mving images that highlight brushstrkes, detail, and clr — truly illuminating (照亮) the mind f the genius.
LOCATION
The Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit is lcated at a secret place situated in the heart f Ls Angeles. T be annunced befre the exhibit pens, existing ticket hlders will receive an email with the place name and lcatin nce it is made public.
TICKET PRICES
Tickets are available nline at
GIFT SHOP
Stp by ur Exhibit Gift Shp t take the magic f Van Ggh hme with yu! Frm clthing and jewellery t hme decr, children’s bks, and s much mre, yu will find unique and thughtful suvenirs at the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit. Als be sure t check ut at ur nline stre!
Experience the rganic landscapes f Van Ggh’s imaginatin, and jurney thrugh his brilliance and madness in a cmpletely new and unfrgettable way.
16. Accrding t the passage, the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit ______.
A presents Van Ggh’s art in a mdern way
B. begins a jurney t Van Ggh’s hmetwn
C. displays Van Ggh’s paintings n mving walls
D. designs prjects n Van Ggh’s learning experience
17. Frm where can peple find infrmatin abut the exact lcatin f the exhibit?
A. The gift shp.B. A website.
C. The ticket ffice.D. An email.
18 Hw much shuld a cuple with a 5-year-ld child wh wuld like t wn a Van Ggh carpet at least pay fr the visit?
A. $109.98.B. $154.98.C. $184.97.D. $114.98.
19. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T attract audiences t visit the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit.
B. T intrduce the histrical significance f Vincent Van Ggh’s art.
C. T prmte the sale f unique and thughtful suvenirs t visit.
D. T prvide a platfrm fr artists t experiment with new technlgies.
B
Since 1936 many female space explrers have fllwed Russian astrnaut Valentina Tereshkva. Let’s lk at the missins (任务) f fur imprtant female astrnauts t find ut what astrnauts d in space.
In 1983, Sally Ride became the first American wmen in space. Her team carried ut scientific experiments in space and put tw cmmunicatins satellites in space. Satellites make it pssible fr us t cmmunicate instantly with each ther acrss the wrld thrugh TV, radi, and telephnes.
In 1984, Kathryn Sullivan became the first American wmen t walk in space. During her missin, she discvered imprtant infrmatin abut the sun’s energy and hw it affects the climate in very ht and very cld places n Earth. She als tk phtgraphs f Earth and measured air pllutin.
In 1992, Mae Jemisn became the first African-American in space. During her missin, she did scientific experiments using the weightless atmsphere. In space, there is n gravity, s everything flats! Dr. Jemisn’s experiments gave imprtant infrmatin abut the human bdy t prduce better medicines and healthcare.
In 2012, Liu Yang became the first Chinese wmen in space. She did experiments in space medicine, which lk at hw astrnauts can survive and stay healthy in space. The cnditins in space are very hard n the bdy and space medicine helps astrnauts wrk safely.
20. Wh cllected imprtant infrmatin abut air pllutin?
A. Valentina Tereshkva.B. Sally Ride.
C. Kathryn Sullivan.D. Mae Jemisn.
21. What did Dr. Jemisn’s experiments fcus n?
A. Human bdy.
B. Space satellites.
C. Climate n earth.
D. Energy frm the sun.
22 Liu Yang’s missin aimed at ________.
A. prviding infrmatin abut envirnment
B prtecting astrnauts’ health in space
C. imprving cmmunicatin n Earth
D. testing the weightless atmsphere
23. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A. Great Walking in Space
B. Cnditins in Space
C. Healthcare in Space
D. Wmen in Space
C
Music is a pwerful thing. It awakens feelings and has the pwer t bring peple tgether. But tday, artists are nt knwn fr their music, but fr hw flashy their clthing is and hw many times their wealthy relatives can get them ut f jail(监狱). And thus, their music is lst.
Pp and rap music has develped int a shallw, image-addicted industry that lines up with what the public wants t hear and see, remving the fcus n the actual music. Mainstream music is n lnger cmpsed f emtin, but instead, themes f mney and fame. Phts and rumrs fly while the music is ignred.
Nt all musical grups r individual artists begin like this. Many f these artists are riginal and talented, but turn t the mney side. Often their sngs are written by experts wh knw what is appealing t a certain age grup, and the musicians’ faces can be seen n cuntless magazine cvers. Sn their suppsedly new and imprved sngs can be heard blasting ut f car windws. But these sngs are ttally empty, lacking creativity and the riginal thirst f the artist t make an impact r cnvey (传递) a message.
MTV is nt helping. It plays nly what the public wants t hear. And unfrtunately, the majrity seems interested in either sickly sweet, generic pp r steretypical (刻板的), bleeped-ut rap. Kids and teens everywhere are swimming in these sngs, which are ften degrading t wmen and minrities, and inapprpriate.
Almst all the girls in my drm are addicted t the same sngs. This was the case the previus year, and the year befre that. Whenever I try t play music I enjy, r intrduce them t sme decent sngs, they say that everyne except me likes their music.
Why d mst teenagers nly listen t pp and rap music when s many ther types exist? Maybe it’s because everywhere we lk, we are bmbarded with(被……轰炸) the same music: n the radi, n TV, n the cmputer. At schl, pp and rap are discussed all the time. Perhaps they have never listened t anything else. Or maybe peer pressure is part f it.
There is n slutin t the “pp prblem”. It’s called ppular fr a reasn—many peple enjy it. There’s n easy way t change their views. My suggestin is nt t buy music like this when yu can explre smething new. Expand yur hrizns. Dig up yur parents’ ld recrds and CDs. Yu never knw what yu might find.
24. The authr prbably prefers ______.
A. new pp sngs meant fr girls
B. riginal sngs with deep meaning
C. catchy sngs prduced by ppular singers
D. never-heard-befre sngs just recently discvered
25. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Many artists trade creativity fr wealth and fame.
B. The public is respnsible fr the existence f music.
C. MTV prmtes the sngs favred by wmen and minrities.
D. Musicians singing abut mney is an ineffective way t attract fans.
26. What is mst prbably the authr’s suggestin fr yung peple?
A. Try t respect yur peers’ music tastes.B. Deal with the “pp prblem” patiently.
C. Expse yurself t varius music styles.D. Treasure the music frm previus generatins.
27. What wuld be the best title fr the article?
A. The Influence f Pp and Rap Music n Teenagers
B. The Decline f Musical Diversity in Yuth Culture
C. The Impact f Mainstream Music Trends n Sciety
D. The Imprtance f Explring Diverse Music Genres
D
The bdy gives ff many gases. Althugh sme smells may signal a need t bathe r that yu ate a certain meal, ther gases might pint t serius disease. Nw, researchers have cme up with a system that uses earmuffs t catch the disease-signaling gases. Dctrs culd get the infrmatin as patients wear a set f earmuffs. Results culd be ready within minutes.
“The ear is a gd place t mnitr,” explains Jhnsn, a bimedical engineer. The ear’s skin is fairly thin, he ntes. S gases dn’t have t travel far t get ut f the bld and escape thrugh skin pres.
T cllect the gases, Jhnsn and his team selected earmuffs that make a tight seal with the head. These are the type peple ften wear t prtect the ears frm lud nise. His team made tw hles in the muff cvering ne ear. A tube slwly pumped air in ne hle. Anther tube pulled air ut f the secnd hle and sent it t a sensr.
In their tests, the team fund that they culd measure changes in the amunt f alchl cming frm the skin f the ear. It culd wrk much like a Breathalyzer that plice use t test peple fr driving drunk. The team invited three men. Each had t avid drinking alchl fr at least three days befre taking part. Once in the lab, these men wre the earmuffs and sat fr 10 minutes as the system recrded nrmal gas levels leaving their ears. Afterward, the men drank a big amunt f alchl. Abut 7 minutes later, the earmuff system tested ut a rise in alchl leaving the skin. After 50 minutes, alchl levels reached the peak and cntinued falling until the test was ver.
The team then measured ther gases by changing ut the sensr. With the right sensr, their earmuff system culd test ut disease. Later, they replaced the earmuffs with a ne-eared versin t make it a bit mre cmfrtable.
Jhnsn imagines anther pssible benefit. The earmuff system culd help dctrs tell whether a child’s ear infectins have been caused by bacteria r a virus. Hw? Each type f infectin exudes different gases. That, in turn, culd guide hw dctrs cure the disease.
28. What makes the ear a gd place t mnitr?
A. Its small size.B. Its thin skin.
C. Its clean surface.D. Its bld flw.
29. What did Jhnsn and his team find in their tests?
A. Sensrs shuld be examined in time.B. Drunk-driving tests were ineffective.
C. Serius diseases were difficult t identify.D. Their system culd be used t tell diseases.
30. What des the underlined wrd “exudes” in Paragraph 6 mst prbably mean?
A. Cllects.B. Gives ff.C. Cuts ff.D. Uses.
31. In which sectin f a magazine is this passage mst likely t appear?
A. Plitics.B. Business.C. Science.D. Entertainment.
第二卷 （共53分）
第一节：（共4小题，每小题2分，共8分）
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Mst peple assume that the human brain is set n “autmatic” —that means it learns all by itself. But this isn’t always true. We need t train urselves t be better learners—t actively take part in the learning prcess and t reflect n what we have learnt. These kinds f learning behaviurs are called “active learning”. I suggest ding five things t take an active rle in yur learning.
1. Listen t the uter vice
There are tw kinds f vices: the inner vice and the uter vice. Yur inner vice expresses yur persnal pinins, while the uter vice tells yu abut pinins frm what yu hear r read. Althugh yur inner vice can be useful, it can als get in the way f learning. If yu keep paying t much attentin t it, yu risk missing imprtant infrmatin. Instead, active learners are pen-minded and fcus n what the speaker/ writer is saying, nt n what their brain is saying in the backgrund. In this way, they are in a better psitin t make decisins.
2. Argue with yur inner vice
If yu find yur inner vice difficult t cntrl, yu can argue with it as mst active learners d. When yur inner vice tells yu a speaker / writer is wrng, think abut why the speaker / writer may be right. Be flexible in yur pinins and yu might end up agreeing with the speaker / writer after all. If nt, at least yu have “listened t” anther pint f view.
3. Ask questins
Asking questins is the easiest way t prmte active learning. When yu get infrmatin frm smene, frm bks r the Internet, ask tw, three, even five questins abut the tpic. The answers will lead yu t further learning, and the very act f wrking ut questins will help yu t achieve a higher level f understanding abut the tpic. In shrt: D nt stp being curius
4. Get t the truth
Active learners d nt accept everything they learn. They attempt t find the truth at the heart f each idea. Even when an idea sunds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect f it that is based n truth. S if smene says that dinsaurs still exist tday, think abut why they believe this. Where des the idea cme frm? D they have enugh data t supprt their views? If yu try t find ut the surce f an idea, n matter hw crazy it seems, yu will increase yur chance f learning smething.
5. Fcus n the message
Many peple miss ut n learning pprtunities because they let their feelings get in the way. They refuse t learn r ignre what is said because f wh the speaker / writer is. It is true that we cannt help disliking sme peple—this is human nature, after all. But d nt frget yu can still learn frm them. Active learners d nt judge peple based n first impressins r persnal feeling. Instead, they separate the message frm the messenger. This ges the ther way as well—d nt just assume that sme peple are always right because f wh they are r just because they are yur friends.
32. What is “active learning”?（不多于16个单词）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
33. What des “uter vice” d?（不多于13个单词）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
34. What is the easiest way t prmte active learning?（不多于3个单词）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
35. Why d many peple miss ut n learning pprtunities?（不多于9个单词）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：用方框中所给单词完成短文 （共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
用方框中所给单词完成短文
Tu Yuyu is the first Chinese female scientist wh was awarded a Nbel Prize. She studied medicine and ___36___ a deep knwledge abut traditinal practices, which enabled her t be ___37___ t establish a team t find a cure fr malaria in 1969. With the idea that Chinese herbs might hld the secret, Tu Yuyu and her team studied sme related literature and ___38___ a lt f researches with limited resurces. They ___39___ mdern research methds t study these Chinese herbs ne by ne. After hundreds f failed ___40___, they eventually came acrss a ___41___ chemical. Tu Yuyu bravely vlunteered t be the first human subject in the ___42___ n humans. The chemical they ___43___, artemisinin, has nw becme the wrld’s mst effective drug fr fighting malaria. As ne f the mst ___44___ figures f science in the 20th Century, she is nt interested in fame and she cntinues t d research tday ____45____ her age. What she did nt nly saved millins f lives, but als bridged the Eastern and Western wrlds.
第三节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Wu Yuren is a retired physics____46____ (teach) frm Tngji University in Shanghai. Since 2020, she has been creating shrt vides f physics experiments. With ver 4. 5 millin fllwers n Duyin, she has earned the nickname (绰号) “Science Grandma”. ____47____makes her s ppular is her simple and interesting way f teaching. Wu tld Peple’s Daily, “Many students regard physics____48____ a highly difficult subject. By my experiments, I want t shw that physics knwledge can be fund everywhere in ____49____ (we) daily lives and that everybdy can understand it!”
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Jeremy Hampden prepared the speech carefully and went t the wedding with his daughter, Jenny. He had included a large number f funny stries in the speech and, f curse, it was a great success. As sn as he ___50___（finish）, Jenny tld him she wanted t g hme. On the way hme, he asked Jenny ___51___ she had enjyed the speech. T his surprise, she said she hadn’t because she did nt like t see s many peple ___52___（laugh）at him!
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mst gardeners will prbably say gardening is gd fr yu. Accrding t a study, peple wh garden have a ___53___(healthy) diet, get mre exercise, and feel less stress. Researchers studied the benefits f gardening in shared cmmunity gardens ___54___ peple wrk tgether. They suggest gardening may reduce stress because it ___55___(expse) peple t nature, while cmmunity gardens als prvide chances fr scial interactin. Therefre, they hpe the results will encurage dctrs and gvernment leaders t regard cmmunity gardens as a vital part f the public health system.
第四节：书面表达（共1小题，20分）
56. 根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的短文。词数不少于60。
假如你是李华，得知来自英国的交换生Jack对京剧感兴趣。请参考下面提供的信息，写邮件向他介绍你校京剧社团的活动，并邀请他参加。
邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
● invite Beijing Opera actrs t give live perfrmances
● give chances t have face-t-face talks with the actrs
● arrange fr lectures n the histry f Beijing Opera
● …
Dear Jack,
S glad t learn that yu are interested in Beijing Opera. And I’d like t intrduce ur schl’s Beijing Opera Club t yu.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
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BASIC TICKETS—$54.99
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cnducted, test, despite, chsen, discvered,
gained, influential, prmising, used, experiments
延庆区2023—2024学年第二学期期中试卷
高一英语
2024.04
本试卷共11页，二大部分，56道小题，满分100分。考试时长90分钟。试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一卷（共47分）
Ⅰ. 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Persn Wh Has Influenced My Life
There is always a time in ne’s life when a her cmes alng. Smene wh has inspired yu can really help yu learn what life is abut.
I remember it as if it was yesterday. I was fifteen years ld that year. It was arund eight ’clck ne evening when my mther ___1___ a phne call frm her brther-in-law, wh tld us my aunt was in hspital and that the dctr ___2___ them she wuld need an peratin immediately. My family became very ___3___ abut my aunt’s situatin.
While my aunt was in the hspital with special ___4___, my cusin Mark, wh is mentally disabled, spent time with my family. Mark was seventeen at the time, and had been brn with ___5___ mental disrders, which created a wide range f scial and physical prblems fr him thrughut everyday life. He never had any true friend because n ne culd re late t him. I must ___6___ that at the beginning I was filled with uncertainty as t hw much f a burden my cusin wuld bring n my family. Nw lking back it saddens me t see the ___7___ I nce shwed.
Over the tw weeks when Mark lived with my family, I prbably ___8___ mre abut life and its meanings. Thinking back, I tk ___9___ in daily life fr granted, believing it wuld always be there. I never even thught abut being able t d things like walking, brushing my teeth, r ging t the bathrm n my wn. Nw I see hw ____10____ I am t be able t d these things independently.
Mark was seventeen, but learned n a nine-year-ld level. Althugh his learning ability was slwer than mst, he culd ____11____ learn. He explred ____12____ t d mst f the things everyne else did.____13____ he did pretty well and succeeded in almst everything he tried t d. He ____14____ his illness and shwed an ambitin t lve life. T him, having a successful life means achieving gals n his wn terms and at his wn ____15____.
Mark is my her, fr his disability has frever frmed my viewpint n life.
1. A. madeB. missedC. receivedD. used
2. A. prmisedB. infrmedC. shwedD. begged
3. A. wrriedB. happyC. indifferentD. careless
4. A. careB. actinC. purpseD. interest
5. A. mildB. severeC. tempraryD. mderate
6. A. believeB. regretC. admitD. decide
7. A. weaknessB. ignranceC. reliefD. mercy
8. A. frgtB. heardC. ignredD. understd
9. A. anythingB. smethingC. nthingD. everything
10. A. painfulB. braveC. luckyD. successful
11. A. seldmB. stillC. hardlyD. almst
12. A. pssibilitiesB. functinsC. achievementsD. difficulties
13. A. NaturallyB. ActuallyC. ObviuslyD. Accidentally
14. A. depended nB. fught againstC. suffered frmD. fcused n
15 A. riskB. cstC. paceD. trial
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的表哥马克是如何影响了作者人生的故事，从中让读者了解到每个人都有那么一个人在影响着自己，启发自己领悟到人生的真谛。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上八点钟左右，妈妈接到了她姐夫的电话，他告诉我们阿姨住院了，医生告诉他们她需要马上做手术。A. made制作；B. missed失去，思念；C. received接收到；D. used使用。根据句意以及下文“a phne call frm her brther-in-law”由此可知，此处应表示妈妈接到了她姐夫的电话。故选C项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上八点钟左右，妈妈接到了她姐夫的电话，他告诉我们阿姨住院了，医生告诉他们她需要马上做手术。A. prmised承诺；B. infrmed告知；C. shwed展示；D. begged乞求。根据上文“wh tld us my aunt was in hspital”提到姐夫告诉我们阿姨住院了，以及下文“she wuld need an peratin immediately.”由此可知，此处应表示医生告诉他们她需要马上做手术。故选B项。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家人非常担心我阿姨的情况。A. wrried担心的；B. happy高兴的；C. indifferent漠不关心的；D. careless粗心的。根据上文提到的医生告诉他们她需要马上做手术，以及下文“my aunt’s situatin”由此可知，此处应表示作者的家人非常担心阿姨的情况。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的阿姨在医院接受特殊照顾时，我的表兄马克，他有智障，和我的家人在一起。A. care照顾；B. actin行动；C. purpse 目的；D. interest兴趣。根据语境以及上文“While my aunt was in the hspital with”由此可知，此处应表示作者的阿姨在医院接受特殊照顾。故选A项。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马克当时17岁，生来就有严重的精神障碍，这给他的日常生活带来了各种各样的社交和身体问题。A. mild温和的；B. severe严重的；C. temprary临时的；D. mderate普通的，中等的。根据下文“mental disrders, which created a wide range f scial and physical prblems fr him thrughut everyday life.”提到给他的日常生活带来了各种各样的社交和身体问题。由此可知，此处应表示马克生来就有严重的精神障碍。故选B项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须承认，一开始我很不确定我的表哥会给我的家庭带来多大的负担。A. believe相信；B. regret后悔；C. admit承认；D. decide决定。根据下文“at the beginning I was filled with uncertainty…”以及“Nw lking back it saddens me…”由此可知，此处应表示作者承认，一开始很不确定表哥会给我的家庭带来多大的负担。故选C项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在回想起来，看到我曾经表现出的无知，我感到很难过。A. weakness弱点；B. ignrance无知；C. relief缓解；D. mercy同情。根据上文“Nw lking back it saddens me t see…”提到现在回想起来作者感到很难过，由此可知，此处应表示作者当时的无知的表现让其现在感到很难过。故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在马克和我的家人住在一起的两个星期里，我可能对生活及其意义有了更多的了解。A. frgt忘记；B. heard听说；C. ignred忽视；D. understd了解。根据下文“Nw I see hw ___10___ I am t be able t d these things independently.”由此可知，此处应表示作者在和马克一起住的期间对生活及其意义有了更多的了解。故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我认为日常生活中的一切都是理所当然的，相信它会一直存在。A. anything任何事情；B. smething一些事情；C. nthing没有事情；D. everything一切。根据下文“believing it wuld always be there.”由此可知，此处应表示作者认为日常生活中的一切都是理所当然的，相信它会一直存在。故选D项。
【10题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：现在我看到我是多么幸运，能够独立做这些事情。A. painful痛苦的；B. brave勇敢的；C. lucky幸运的；D. successful成功的。根据上文提到的表哥马克有智力问题，以及下文“I am t be able t d these things independently”由此可知，此处应表示作者感到幸运能够独立做这些事情。故选C项。
【11题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然他学习能力比大多数人都慢，但他仍然可以学习。A. seldm几乎不；B. still仍然；C. hardly几乎不；D. almst几乎。根据上文“Althugh his learning ability was slwer than mst”提到他的学习能力比大多数人都慢，由此可知，此处为让步转折，表示但他仍然可以学习。故选B项。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他探索了其他人所做的大部分事情的可能性。A. pssibilities可能性；B. functins功能；C. achievements成就；D. difficulties困难。根据上文提到的他仍然会学习，以及下文“t d mst f the things everyne else did”由此可知，此处应表示他探索了其他人所做的大部分事情的可能性。故选A项。
【13题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他做得很好，几乎每件事都成功了。A. Naturally自然地；B. Actually事实上；C. Obviusly显然；D. Accidentally偶尔地。根据下文“he did pretty well and succeeded in almst everything he tried t d.”由此可知，此处应表示事实上，他做得很好，几乎每件事都成功了。故选B项。
【14题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他与疾病作斗争，表现出热爱生活的雄心。A. depended n依靠；B. fught against与……斗争；C. suffered frm遭受；D. fcused n关注于。根据下文“and shwed an ambitin t lve life.”提到表现出热爱生活的雄心，由此可知，此处应表示他与疾病作斗争。故选B项。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，成功的人生意味着按照自己的方式和节奏实现目标。A. risk风险；B. cst成本；C. pace节奏；D. trial试验。根据句意以及上文“means achieving gals n his wn terms”由此可知，此处应表示成功的人生意味着按照自己的方式和节奏实现目标。故选C项。
Ⅱ. 阅读理解（共16小题，每小题2分，共32分）
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Immersive Van Ggh
Frm the creatrs f the blckbuster shw in Paris seen by ver tw millin visitrs and still wwing crwds in Trnt, the west cast premiere (首场) f the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit will bring the art f Vincent t life in Ls Angeles.
Immersive art is nt just a technical way t represent vide and audi in huge spaces. The wrd immersive indicates a deep cmmitment f intentins which cnnect images and sunds in a way that the audience able t experience a different way f the art.
True t its name, this exhibitin transfrms the icnic (标志性的) paintings f Vincent Van Ggh int mving, wall-filling prjectins. “Immersive Van Ggh” prmises half-a-millin cubic feet f prjectins that pull frm sme f the pst-impressinist’s mst recgnizable pieces, including The Bedrm, Sunflwers and, yes, The Starry Night.
Yu will experience art like never befre — lse yurself in entrancing, mving images that highlight brushstrkes, detail, and clr — truly illuminating (照亮) the mind f the genius.
LOCATION
The Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit is lcated at a secret place situated in the heart f Ls Angeles. T be annunced befre the exhibit pens, existing ticket hlders will receive an email with the place name and lcatin nce it is made public.
TICKET PRICES
Tickets are available nline at
GIFT SHOP
Stp by ur Exhibit Gift Shp t take the magic f Van Ggh hme with yu! Frm clthing and jewellery t hme decr, children’s bks, and s much mre, yu will find unique and thughtful suvenirs at the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit. Als be sure t check ut at ur nline stre!
Experience the rganic landscapes f Van Ggh’s imaginatin, and jurney thrugh his brilliance and madness in a cmpletely new and unfrgettable way.
16. Accrding t the passage, the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit ______.
A. presents Van Ggh’s art in a mdern way
B. begins a jurney t Van Ggh’s hmetwn
C. displays Van Ggh’s paintings n mving walls
D. designs prjects n Van Ggh’s learning experience
17. Frm where can peple find infrmatin abut the exact lcatin f the exhibit?
A. The gift shp.B. A website.
C. The ticket ffice.D. An email.
18. Hw much shuld a cuple with a 5-year-ld child wh wuld like t wn a Van Ggh carpet at least pay fr the visit?
A. $109.98.B. $154.98.C. $184.97.D. $114.98.
19. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T attract audiences t visit the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit.
B. T intrduce the histrical significance f Vincent Van Ggh’s art.
C. T prmte the sale f unique and thughtful suvenirs t visit.
D. T prvide a platfrm fr artists t experiment with new technlgies.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一场沉浸式梵高作品展在西海岸的首映式将在洛杉矶让梵高的艺术重现人间。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Immersive art is nt just a technical way t represent vide and audi in huge spaces. The wrd immersive indicates a deep cmmitment f intentins which cnnect images and sunds in a way that the audience able t experience a different way f the art.”（沉浸式艺术不仅仅是在巨大空间中呈现视频和音频的技术方法。“沉浸”这个词表明了一种深刻的意图，它将图像和声音联系起来，使观众能够体验到一种不同的艺术方式。）以及第三段“True t its name, this exhibitin transfrms the icnic (标志性的) paintings f Vincent Van Ggh int mving, wall-filling prjectins. “Immersive Van Ggh” prmises half-a-millin cubic feet f prjectins that pull frm sme f the pst-impressinist’s mst recgnizable pieces, including The Bedrm, Sunflwers and, yes, The Starry Night.”（正如它的名字一样，这个展览将文森特·梵高的标志性画作变成了移动的、填满墙壁的投影。“沉浸式梵高”将展出50万立方英尺的投影，这些投影来自这位后印象派最知名的一些作品，包括《卧室》、《向日葵》，没错，还有《星空》。）可知，沉浸式艺术是一种将图像和声音连接起来的新型艺术形式，本次梵高绘画展就是要通过沉浸式艺术展现。由此推知，本次展演将通过现代的方式呈现。故选A项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“T be annunced befre the exhibit pens, existing ticket hlders will receive an email with the place name and lcatin nce it is made public.”（在展览开幕前宣布，一旦展览公开，现有的门票持有者将收到一封带有地名和地点的电子邮件。）可知，人们可以通过电子邮件找到有关展览确切地点的信息。故选D项。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干“a cuple with a 5-year-ld child wh wuld like t wn a Van Ggh carpet”（一对带着5岁孩子的夫妇，并且想要拥有一个梵高地毯）可知，一共有两个成人，一个五岁的孩子，并且想要梵高地毯。再结合“Ages 6-16 (children 5 and under d nt require a ticket)”（6-16岁(5岁及以下儿童无需购票)）可知，五岁的孩子不需要门票。再根据题干中“wn a Van Ggh carpet”可知，想要得到一份Van Ggh carpet必须其中一人购买VIP TICKETS，即需要$99.99。另一个人只需要购买BASIC TICKETS（基本门票），即需要$54.99。所以一对带着5岁孩子的夫妇，如果想拥有一张梵高的地毯，至少要花$99.99+$54.99=$154.98。故选B项。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Frm the creatrs f the blckbuster shw in Paris seen by ver tw millin visitrs and still wwing crwds in Trnt, the west cast premiere(首场) f the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit will bring the art f Vincent t life in Ls Angeles.”（在巴黎举办的轰动展览吸引了200多万游客，在多伦多仍有令人惊叹的人群，而在西海岸举行的“沉浸式梵高展览”(Immersive Van Ggh exhibitin)将把梵高的艺术带到洛杉矶。）和最后一段“Experience the rganic landscapes f Van Ggh’s imaginatin, and jurney thrugh his brilliance and madness in a cmpletely new and unfrgettable way.”（体验梵高想象中的有机景观，以一种全新而难忘的方式穿越他的才华和疯狂。）可推知，文章的主要目的是为了吸引观众参观沉浸式梵高展览。故选A项。
B
Since 1936, many female space explrers have fllwed Russian astrnaut Valentina Tereshkva. Let’s lk at the missins (任务) f fur imprtant female astrnauts t find ut what astrnauts d in space.
In 1983, Sally Ride became the first American wmen in space. Her team carried ut scientific experiments in space and put tw cmmunicatins satellites in space. Satellites make it pssible fr us t cmmunicate instantly with each ther acrss the wrld thrugh TV, radi, and telephnes.
In 1984, Kathryn Sullivan became the first American wmen t walk in space. During her missin, she discvered imprtant infrmatin abut the sun’s energy and hw it affects the climate in very ht and very cld places n Earth. She als tk phtgraphs f Earth and measured air pllutin.
In 1992, Mae Jemisn became the first African-American in space. During her missin, she did scientific experiments using the weightless atmsphere. In space, there is n gravity, s everything flats! Dr. Jemisn’s experiments gave imprtant infrmatin abut the human bdy t prduce better medicines and healthcare.
In 2012, Liu Yang became the first Chinese wmen in space. She did experiments in space medicine, which lk at hw astrnauts can survive and stay healthy in space. The cnditins in space are very hard n the bdy and space medicine helps astrnauts wrk safely.
20. Wh cllected imprtant infrmatin abut air pllutin?
A. Valentina Tereshkva.B. Sally Ride.
C. Kathryn Sullivan.D. Mae Jemisn.
21. What did Dr. Jemisn’s experiments fcus n?
A. Human bdy.
B. Space satellites.
C. Climate n earth.
D. Energy frm the sun.
22. Liu Yang’s missin aimed at ________.
A. prviding infrmatin abut envirnment
B. prtecting astrnauts’ health in space
C. imprving cmmunicatin n Earth
D. testing the weightless atmsphere
23. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A. Great Walking in Space
B. Cnditins in Space
C. Healthcare in Space
D. Wmen in Space
【答案】20. C 21. A 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了四名女宇航员在太空研究方面的任务，有的为大气污染提供数据，有的研究人体，有的研究宇航员的安全。她们为太空的科研提供了大量的科学信息。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“In 1984, Kathryn Sullivan became the first American wmen t walk in space. (1984年，凯瑟琳·沙利文成为第一位在太空行走的美国女性)”和“She als tk phtgraphs f Earth and measured air pllutin. (她还拍摄了地球照片并测量了空气污染)”可知，Kathryn Sullivan收集了有关空气污染的重要信息。故选C项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Dr. Jemisn’s experiments gave imprtant infrmatin abut the human bdy t prduce better medicines and healthcare. (杰米森博士的实验为生产更好的药物和医疗保健提供了有关人体的重要信息)”可知，Dr. Jemisn的实验主要是研究人体以生产更好的药品和保健品。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段中的“She did experiments in space medicine, which lk at hw astrnauts can survive and stay healthy in space. The cnditins in space are very hard n the bdy and space medicine helps astrnauts wrk safely. (她在太空医学方面做了一些实验，研究宇航员如何在太空中生存和保持健康。太空条件对人体非常不利，太空医学帮助宇航员安全工作)”可知，刘洋的研究任务是在太空中保护宇航员的健康。故选B项。
【23题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Let’s lk at the missins (任务) f fur imprtant female astrnauts t find ut what astrnauts d in space. (让我们看看四位重要女性宇航员的任务，以了解宇航员在太空中的活动)”和下文关于四名女宇航员在太空研究方面的任务可知，本文焦点为“太空中的女性”，主要讲一些女宇航员在太空研究中的任务。故选D项。
C
Music is a pwerful thing. It awakens feelings and has the pwer t bring peple tgether. But tday, artists are nt knwn fr their music, but fr hw flashy their clthing is and hw many times their wealthy relatives can get them ut f jail(监狱). And thus, their music is lst.
Pp and rap music has develped int a shallw, image-addicted industry that lines up with what the public wants t hear and see, remving the fcus n the actual music. Mainstream music is n lnger cmpsed f emtin, but instead, themes f mney and fame. Phts and rumrs fly while the music is ignred.
Nt all musical grups r individual artists begin like this. Many f these artists are riginal and talented, but turn t the mney side. Often their sngs are written by experts wh knw what is appealing t a certain age grup, and the musicians’ faces can be seen n cuntless magazine cvers. Sn their suppsedly new and imprved sngs can be heard blasting ut f car windws. But these sngs are ttally empty, lacking creativity and the riginal thirst f the artist t make an impact r cnvey (传递) a message.
MTV is nt helping. It plays nly what the public wants t hear. And unfrtunately, the majrity seems interested in either sickly sweet, generic pp r steretypical (刻板的), bleeped-ut rap. Kids and teens everywhere are swimming in these sngs, which are ften degrading t wmen and minrities, and inapprpriate.
Almst all the girls in my drm are addicted t the same sngs. This was the case the previus year, and the year befre that. Whenever I try t play music I enjy, r intrduce them t sme decent sngs, they say that everyne except me likes their music.
Why d mst teenagers nly listen t pp and rap music when s many ther types exist? Maybe it’s because everywhere we lk, we are bmbarded with(被……轰炸) the same music: n the radi, n TV, n the cmputer. At schl, pp and rap are discussed all the time. Perhaps they have never listened t anything else. Or maybe peer pressure is part f it.
There is n slutin t the “pp prblem”. It’s called ppular fr a reasn—many peple enjy it. There’s n easy way t change their views. My suggestin is nt t buy music like this when yu can explre smething new. Expand yur hrizns. Dig up yur parents’ ld recrds and CDs. Yu never knw what yu might find.
24. The authr prbably prefers ______.
A. new pp sngs meant fr girls
B. riginal sngs with deep meaning
C. catchy sngs prduced by ppular singers
D. never-heard-befre sngs just recently discvered
25. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Many artists trade creativity fr wealth and fame.
B. The public is respnsible fr the existence f music.
C. MTV prmtes the sngs favred by wmen and minrities.
D. Musicians singing abut mney is an ineffective way t attract fans.
26. What is mst prbably the authr’s suggestin fr yung peple?
A. Try t respect yur peers’ music tastes.B. Deal with the “pp prblem” patiently.
C. Expse yurself t varius music styles.D. Treasure the music frm previus generatins.
27. What wuld be the best title fr the article?
A. The Influence f Pp and Rap Music n Teenagers
B. The Decline f Musical Diversity in Yuth Culture
C. The Impact f Mainstream Music Trends n Sciety
D. The Imprtance f Explring Diverse Music Genres
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了主要讲述当下青年艺术家的音乐大多缺失了创造力和艺术家想传递的信息，多样性下降。建议年轻人要扩大视野，要关注音乐内在的内容。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Music is a pwerful thing. It awakens feelings and has the pwer t bring peple tgether.(音乐是一种强大的东西。它能唤醒感情，并能让人们团结在一起。)”，第二段“Mainstream music is n lnger cmpsed f emtin, but instead, themes f mney and fame.(主流音乐不再以情感为主，而是以金钱和名誉为主题。)”以及第三段“But these sngs are ttally empty, lacking creativity and the riginal thirst f the artist t make an impact r cnvey(传递) a message.(但这些歌曲完全是空的，缺乏创造力和艺术家的原始渴望产生影响或传达消息。)”可知，作者推崇能够唤醒感情的音乐，批判以金钱和名誉为主题的音乐。即作者喜欢有创造性的能传递作者情感的音乐，而不是空洞的音乐。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Many f these artists are riginal and talented, but turn t the mney side.(这些艺术家中有许多是原创的、有才华的，但却转向追求金钱名誉。)”可知，很多艺术家不再保持创造性，而是追求金钱名誉。故选A。
26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段My suggestin is nt t buy music like this when yu can explre smething new. Expand yur hrizns. Dig up yur parents’ ld recrds and CDs. Yu never knw what yu might find. (我的建议是，当你可以想要探索新事物时，不要购买这样的音乐。要扩大视野。翻出你父母的旧唱片CD，你永远不知道你会发现什么。)”可知，作者建议年轻人扩大视野，探索新事物，而不是只购买流行音乐，由此可推知，作者建议年轻人要接触不同的音乐风格。故选C。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“But tday, artists are nt knwn fr their music, but fr hw flashy their clthing is and hw many times their wealthy relatives can get them ut f jail(监狱). And thus, their music is lst.(但是今天，艺术家们不是因为他们的音乐而出名，而是因为他们的服装有多华丽，他们富有的亲戚能把他们从监狱里救出来多少次。因此，他们的音乐丢失了。)”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述当下青年艺术家的音乐大多缺失了创造力和艺术家想传递的信息，多样性下降。建议年轻人要扩大视野，要关注音乐内在的内容。因此推断B项“青年文化中音乐多样性的下降”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选B。
D
The bdy gives ff many gases. Althugh sme smells may signal a need t bathe r that yu ate a certain meal, ther gases might pint t serius disease. Nw, researchers have cme up with a system that uses earmuffs t catch the disease-signaling gases. Dctrs culd get the infrmatin as patients wear a set f earmuffs. Results culd be ready within minutes.
“The ear is a gd place t mnitr,” explains Jhnsn, a bimedical engineer. The ear’s skin is fairly thin, he ntes. S gases dn’t have t travel far t get ut f the bld and escape thrugh skin pres.
T cllect the gases, Jhnsn and his team selected earmuffs that make a tight seal with the head. These are the type peple ften wear t prtect the ears frm lud nise. His team made tw hles in the muff cvering ne ear. A tube slwly pumped air in ne hle. Anther tube pulled air ut f the secnd hle and sent it t a sensr.
In their tests, the team fund that they culd measure changes in the amunt f alchl cming frm the skin f the ear. It culd wrk much like a Breathalyzer that plice use t test peple fr driving drunk. The team invited three men. Each had t avid drinking alchl fr at least three days befre taking part. Once in the lab, these men wre the earmuffs and sat fr 10 minutes as the system recrded nrmal gas levels leaving their ears. Afterward, the men drank a big amunt f alchl. Abut 7 minutes later, the earmuff system tested ut a rise in alchl leaving the skin. After 50 minutes, alchl levels reached the peak and cntinued falling until the test was ver.
The team then measured ther gases by changing ut the sensr. With the right sensr, their earmuff system culd test ut disease. Later, they replaced the earmuffs with a ne-eared versin t make it a bit mre cmfrtable.
Jhnsn imagines anther pssible benefit. The earmuff system culd help dctrs tell whether a child’s ear infectins have been caused by bacteria r a virus. Hw? Each type f infectin exudes different gases. That, in turn, culd guide hw dctrs cure the disease.
28. What makes the ear a gd place t mnitr?
A. Its small size.B. Its thin skin.
C. Its clean surface.D. Its bld flw.
29. What did Jhnsn and his team find in their tests?
A. Sensrs shuld be examined in time.B. Drunk-driving tests were ineffective.
C. Serius diseases were difficult t identify.D. Their system culd be used t tell diseases.
30. What des the underlined wrd “exudes” in Paragraph 6 mst prbably mean?
A. Cllects.B. Gives ff.C. Cuts ff.D. Uses.
31. In which sectin f a magazine is this passage mst likely t appear?
A. Plitics.B. Business.C. Science.D. Entertainment.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员提出了一种系统，使用耳罩捕捉疾病信号气体。当病人戴上一套耳罩时，医生就可以得到这些信息。结果可以在几分钟内出来。文章介绍了这种耳罩的工作原理以及优点。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““The ear is a gd place t mnitr,” explains Jhnsn, a bimedical engineer. The ear’s skin is fairly thin, he ntes.(“耳朵是监测的好地方，”生物医学工程师约翰逊解释说。他指出，耳朵的皮肤相当薄)”可知，耳朵成为监测的好地方是因为皮肤很薄。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“In their tests, the team fund that they culd measure changes in the amunt f alchl cming frm the skin f the ear. It culd wrk much like a Breathalyzer that plice use t test peple fr driving drunk.(在他们的测试中，研究小组发现他们可以测量出来自耳朵皮肤的酒精量的变化。它的工作原理很像警察用来测试酒后驾驶的酒精测试仪)”以及倒数第二段中“With the right sensr, their earmuff system culd test ut disease.(有了合适的传感器，他们的耳罩系统就可以检测出疾病)”可知，约翰逊和他的团队在测试中发现他们的系统可以用来诊断疾病。故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“The bdy gives ff many gases.(身体释放出许多气体)”以及画线词上文“Hw? Each type f infectin”和后文“different gases”可知，每一种感染都会释放出不同的气体。故画线词意思是“释放”。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The bdy gives ff many gases. Althugh sme smells may signal a need t bathe r that yu ate a certain meal, ther gases might pint t serius disease. Nw, researchers have cme up with a system that uses earmuffs t catch the disease-signaling gases. Dctrs culd get the infrmatin as patients wear a set f earmuffs. Results culd be ready within minutes.(身体释放出许多气体。虽然有些气味可能表明你需要洗澡或吃了一顿饭，但其他气体可能表明你患了严重的疾病。现在，研究人员提出了一种系统，使用耳罩捕捉疾病信号气体。当病人戴上一套耳套时，医生就可以得到这些信息。结果可以在几分钟内出来)”结合文章介绍了这种耳罩的工作原理以及优点。可推知，文章选自杂志的“科学”部分。故选C。
第二卷 （共53分）
第一节：（共4小题，每小题2分，共8分）
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Mst peple assume that the human brain is set n “autmatic” —that means it learns all by itself. But this isn’t always true. We need t train urselves t be better learners—t actively take part in the learning prcess and t reflect n what we have learnt. These kinds f learning behaviurs are called “active learning”. I suggest ding five things t take an active rle in yur learning.
1. Listen t the uter vice
There are tw kinds f vices: the inner vice and the uter vice. Yur inner vice expresses yur persnal pinins, while the uter vice tells yu abut pinins frm what yu hear r read. Althugh yur inner vice can be useful, it can als get in the way f learning. If yu keep paying t much attentin t it, yu risk missing imprtant infrmatin. Instead, active learners are pen-minded and fcus n what the speaker/ writer is saying, nt n what their brain is saying in the backgrund. In this way, they are in a better psitin t make decisins.
2. Argue with yur inner vice
If yu find yur inner vice difficult t cntrl, yu can argue with it as mst active learners d. When yur inner vice tells yu a speaker / writer is wrng, think abut why the speaker / writer may be right. Be flexible in yur pinins and yu might end up agreeing with the speaker / writer after all. If nt, at least yu have “listened t” anther pint f view.
3. Ask questins
Asking questins is the easiest way t prmte active learning. When yu get infrmatin frm smene, frm bks r the Internet, ask tw, three, even five questins abut the tpic. The answers will lead yu t further learning, and the very act f wrking ut questins will help yu t achieve a higher level f understanding abut the tpic. In shrt: D nt stp being curius
4. Get t the truth
Active learners d nt accept everything they learn. They attempt t find the truth at the heart f each idea. Even when an idea sunds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect f it that is based n truth. S if smene says that dinsaurs still exist tday, think abut why they believe this. Where des the idea cme frm? D they have enugh data t supprt their views? If yu try t find ut the surce f an idea, n matter hw crazy it seems, yu will increase yur chance f learning smething.
5. Fcus n the message
Many peple miss ut n learning pprtunities because they let their feelings get in the way. They refuse t learn r ignre what is said because f wh the speaker / writer is. It is true that we cannt help disliking sme peple—this is human nature, after all. But d nt frget yu can still learn frm them. Active learners d nt judge peple based n first impressins r persnal feeling. Instead, they separate the message frm the messenger. This ges the ther way as well—d nt just assume that sme peple are always right because f wh they are r just because they are yur friends.
32. What is “active learning”?（不多于16个单词）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
33. What des “uter vice” d?（不多于13个单词）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
34. What is the easiest way t prmte active learning?（不多于3个单词）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
35. Why d many peple miss ut n learning pprtunities?（不多于9个单词）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】32. T actively take part in the learning prcess and t reflect n what we have learnt.
33. The uter vice tells yu abut pinins frm what yu hear r read.
It tells yu abut pinins frm what yu hear r read.
34. Asking questins/ T ask questins.
35. Because they let their feelings get in the way.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在主动学习中发挥积极作用的两个方面。
32题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“We need t train urselves t be better learners—t actively take part in the learning prcess and t reflect n what we have learnt. These kinds f learning behaviurs are called “active learning”.(我们需要训练自己成为更好的学习者——积极参与学习过程，反思我们所学到的东西。这些学习行为被称为“主动学习”)”可知，“主动学习”是指积极参与学习过程，反思所学。故答案为T actively take part in the learning prcess and t reflect n what we have learnt.
【33题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Yur inner vice expresses yur persnal pinins, while the uter vice tells yu abut pinins frm what yu hear r read. (你内心的声音表达了你的个人观点，而外在的声音告诉你你所听到或读到的观点)”可知，“外部声音”的作用是告诉你所听到或读到的观点。故答案为The uter vice tells yu abut pinins frm what yu hear r read./It tells yu abut pinins frm what yu hear r read.
【34题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“Asking questins is the easiest way t prmte active learning.(提问是促进主动学习最简单的方法)”可知，促进主动学习最简单的方法是问问题。故答案为Asking questins/ T ask questins.
【35题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Many peple miss ut n learning pprtunities because they let their feelings get in the way.(许多人错过了学习的机会，因为他们让自己的感觉挡住了去路)”可知，很多人错过了学习的机会因为他们让自己的感情挡了道。故答案为Because they let their feelings get in the way.
第二节：用方框中所给单词完成短文 （共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
用方框中所给单词完成短文
Tu Yuyu is the first Chinese female scientist wh was awarded a Nbel Prize. She studied medicine and ___36___ a deep knwledge abut traditinal practices, which enabled her t be ___37___ t establish a team t find a cure fr malaria in 1969. With the idea that Chinese herbs might hld the secret, Tu Yuyu and her team studied sme related literature and ___38___ a lt f researches with limited resurces. They ___39___ mdern research methds t study these Chinese herbs ne by ne. After hundreds f failed ___40___, they eventually came acrss a ___41___ chemical. Tu Yuyu bravely vlunteered t be the first human subject in the ___42___ n humans. The chemical they ___43___, artemisinin, has nw becme the wrld’s mst effective drug fr fighting malaria. As ne f the mst ___44___ figures f science in the 20th Century, she is nt interested in fame and she cntinues t d research tday ____45____ her age. What she did nt nly saved millins f lives, but als bridged the Eastern and Western wrlds.
【答案】36. gained
37. chsen 38. cnducted
39. used 40. experiements
41. prmising
42. test 43. discvered
44. influential
45. despite
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了屠呦呦和她的团队发现青蒿素的经过。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：她学习医学，对传统习俗有深入的了解，这使她在1969年被选中组建一个团队，寻找治疗疟疾的方法。根据“deep knwledge abut traditinal practices”以及句意可知应填动词gain“获得”，根据上文studied可知为一般过去时。故填gained。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她学习医学，对传统习俗有深入的了解，这使她在1969年被选中组建一个团队，寻找治疗疟疾的方法。根据“t establish a team t find a cure fr malaria”以及句意可知应填chse“选中”，enable sb t d意思为：让某人做某事，此处chse与her构成被动关系，为t be dne形式。故填chsen。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：考虑到中草药可能藏有秘密，屠呦呦和她的团队在有限的资源下，研究了一些相关文献，并进行了大量的研究。根据“a lt f researches”以及句意可知应填动词cnduct“进行”，根据上文studied可知为一般过去时。故填cnducted。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们用现代的研究方法逐一研究这些中草药。根据“mdern research methds”以及句意可知应填动词use“用”，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填used。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：经过数百次失败的实验，他们终于发现了一种很有前途的化学物质。根据“After hundreds f failed”以及句意可知应填名词experiment“实验”，根据上文hundreds f可知为复数。故填experiments。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：经过数百次失败的实验，他们终于发现了一种很有前途的化学物质。根据“they eventually came acrss”以及句意可知应填形容词prmising“有前途的”，修饰名词chemical。故填prmising。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：屠呦呦勇敢地自愿成为人体试验的第一个人体受试者。根据“be the first human subject”以及句意可知应填名词test“试验”。故填test。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们发现的这种化学物质，青蒿素，现在已经成为世界上对抗疟疾最有效的药物。根据“The chemical they”以及句意可知应填动词discver“发现”，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填discvered。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作为20世纪最具影响力的科学人物之一，她对名声不感兴趣，尽管她年纪大了，但她今天仍在继续做研究。根据“figures f science in the 20th Century”以及句意可知应填形容词influential“具有影响力的”，修饰名词figures。故填influential。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：作为20世纪最具影响力的科学人物之一，她对名声不感兴趣，尽管她年纪大了，但她今天仍在继续做研究。根据“her age”以及句意可知应填介词despite“尽管”，故填despite。
第三节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Wu Yuren is a retired physics____46____ (teach) frm Tngji University in Shanghai. Since 2020, she has been creating shrt vides f physics experiments. With ver 4. 5 millin fllwers n Duyin, she has earned the nickname (绰号) “Science Grandma”. ____47____makes her s ppular is her simple and interesting way f teaching. Wu tld Peple’s Daily, “Many students regard physics____48____ a highly difficult subject. By my experiments, I want t shw that physics knwledge can be fund everywhere in ____49____ (we) daily lives and that everybdy can understand it!”
【答案】46. teacher
47. What 48. as
49. ur
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是上海同济大学退休物理教师吴於人的走红。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：吴於人，上海同济大学退休物理教师。根据客观事实可知，吴於人是物理教师，空格处意为“教师”，是teacher，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填teacher。
【47题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：使她如此受欢迎的是她简单而有趣的教学方式。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“使她如此受欢迎的是她简单而有趣的教学方式”，因此空格处用what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：许多学生认为物理是一门非常难的学科。意为“认为……是……”，因此空格处是介词as，故填as。
【49题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：通过我的实验，我想证明物理知识在我们的日常生活中无处不在，而且每个人都能理解它！we和daily lives是所属关系，因此空格处用形容词性物主代词ur修饰daily lives，故填ur。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Jeremy Hampden prepared the speech carefully and went t the wedding with his daughter, Jenny. He had included a large number f funny stries in the speech and, f curse, it was a great success. As sn as he ___50___（finish）, Jenny tld him she wanted t g hme. On the way hme, he asked Jenny ___51___ she had enjyed the speech. T his surprise, she said she hadn’t because she did nt like t see s many peple ___52___（laugh）at him!
【答案】50. had finished
51. if##whether
52. laughing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公杰里米·汉普登精心准备了发言稿和女儿珍妮一起去参加了婚礼并在婚礼上发表演讲的故事。
【50题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他一讲完，珍妮就告诉他她想回家。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据该句As sn as“一……就……”引导的时间状语从句可知，主句为一般过去时，从句动作先于主句动作发生，所以为过去完成时。故填had finished。
【51题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：在回家的路上，他问珍妮是否喜欢他的演讲。空格处应为连接词引导的宾语从句，结合句意可知，从句主谓宾结构完整，空处表示“是否”，应用连接词if/whether满足句意要求。故填if/whether。
【52题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：令他吃惊的是，她说她没有，因为她不喜欢看到那么多人嘲笑他！此处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，构成短语see sb ding“看到某人正在做某事”，所以此处为现在分词形式。故填laughing。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mst gardeners will prbably say gardening is gd fr yu. Accrding t a study, peple wh garden have a ___53___(healthy) diet, get mre exercise, and feel less stress. Researchers studied the benefits f gardening in shared cmmunity gardens ___54___ peple wrk tgether. They suggest gardening may reduce stress because it ___55___(expse) peple t nature, while cmmunity gardens als prvide chances fr scial interactin. Therefre, they hpe the results will encurage dctrs and gvernment leaders t regard cmmunity gardens as a vital part f the public health system.
【答案】53. healthier
54. where 55. expses
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了园艺对身体健康有益，可以减压、增加锻炼、加强社交，应被视为公共健康系统的重要组成部分。
【53题详解】
考查形容词。句意：根据一项研究，种植花木的人有健康的饮食，得到更多的锻炼，感觉更少的压力。根据空后的get mre exercise, and feel less stress，可知，此处对“种植花木的人”与“不种植花木的人”进行比较，设空处在a与diet之间，应选形容词的比较等级healthier，作前置定语。故填healthier。
【54题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：研究人员研究了在人们一起工作的共享社区花园中园艺的好处。此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词为shared cmmunity gardens，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句，故填where。
【55题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：他们认为，园艺可以减轻压力，因为它让人们接触大自然，而社区花园也提供了社交互动的机会。Because引导状语从句，expse作谓语动词，描述事实用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填expses。
第四节：书面表达（共1小题，20分）
56. 根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的短文。词数不少于60。
假如你是李华，得知来自英国的交换生Jack对京剧感兴趣。请参考下面提供的信息，写邮件向他介绍你校京剧社团的活动，并邀请他参加。
邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
● invite Beijing Opera actrs t give live perfrmances
● give chances t have face-t-face talks with the actrs
● arrange fr lectures n the histry f Beijing Opera
● …
Dear Jack,
S glad t learn that yu are interested in Beijing Opera. And I’d like t intrduce ur schl’s Beijing Opera Club t yu.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】范文：
Dear Jack,
S glad t learn that yu are interested in Beijing Opera. And I’d like t intrduce ur schl’s Beijing Opera Club t yu.
This club ffers clurful activities, such as invite Beijing Opera actrs t give live perfrmances. Mre exactingly, it gives yu chances t have face-t-face talks with the actrs, helping yu t have clser lk at this treasure f Chinese arts. Besides, it arranges fr lectures n the histry f Beijing Opera, which is a gd way t understand Chinese culture.
S why nt cme and enjy us here? I’m sure yu will have great pleasure here. If yu have any ther questins, please dn’t hesitate t ask me.
Best regards.
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生对于来自英国交换生Jack对京剧感兴趣这一情况，参考所提供的信息，写邮件向他介绍你校京剧社团的活动，并邀请他参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→ delighted
对……感兴趣：be interested in→have interest in
提供：ffer→prvide
机会：chance→ pprtunity
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：S glad t learn that yu are interested in Beijing Opera. And I’d like t intrduce ur schl’s Beijing Opera Club t yu.
合并句：I am s glad t learn that yu are interested in Beijing Opera that I’d like t intrduce ur schl’s Beijing Opera Club t yu.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Mre exactingly, it gives yu chances t have face-t-face talks with the actrs, helping yu t have clser lk at this treasure f Chinese arts.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Besides, it arranges fr lectures n the histry f Beijing Opera, which is a gd way t understand Chinese culture.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
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cnducted, test, despite, chsen, discvered,
gained, influential, prmising, used, experiments