2023北京二中高一（下）期末英语试卷及答案（教师版）

这是一份2023北京二中高一（下）期末英语试卷及答案（教师版），共21页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共 15 分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

英
语
第一部分：知识运用(30 分)
第一节完形填空(共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My mm is abut t have a spinal (脊柱的) peratin. The peratin is___1___ minr, but des carry a risk f
paralysis (瘫痪). Friends and family have reacted t this news by talking in such pessimistic terms that Mm has
cme t___2___ this kind f talk as “psychlgical theft”. It ccurs when ther peple increase yur anxiety
___3___ prviding cmfrt.
Last week Mm ran int Geff wh wrks fr the lcal schl. “Hw are yu?” he asked. “Nt great,” she
replied, “I have been having sme truble with my back and I’m ging t need an peratin.” “Oh, the back is the
mst ___4___ place t perate n! My mm had that and she was in terrible pain.” He respnded. Geff’s ___5___
had been kind. He’d given his wn mther’s stry t shw sympathy, ___6___ Mm nly heard danger and pain.
Peple culd have alternative things that wuld be equally true, but mre familiar t patients. “The specialists
in ur hspitals are amng the best in the wrld.”—That’s a gd ne. “Yu’re ging t feel much better
___7___ .”—That’s anther.
I’m nt suggesting patients shuld be ___8___ frm the reality f the risks they’re taking. But if the decisin
t have an peratin can’t really be ___9___, what’s the purpse f stressing the____10____? It’s just cmmn
sense t say, “Get well sn, and hw can I help?”
1. A. definitely
2. A. chse
B. unusually
B. label
C. relatively
C. emply
D. typically
D. mistake
3. A. in need f
4. A. secure
B. in favr f
B. dangerus
B. assumptin
B. as
C. instead f
C. cmmn
C. emtin
C. when
D. regardless f
D. apparent
D. descriptin
D. yet
5. A. intentin
6. A. because
7. A. ccasinally
8. A. released
9. A. accepted
10. A. drawbacks
B. permanently
B. deleted
C. initially
C. separated
C. avided
C. dimensins
D. ultimately
D. sheltered
D. reached
B. made
B. strengths
D. prcedures
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When yu read the writings f Cnfucius, yu will see a ___11___ (cnstant) recurring wrd, a Chinese
character that represents the heart f Cnfucian thught: the character ren. What is ren? If yu lk clsely at the
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___12___ (write) character, yu can understand what it means. The left-hand element f the character represents a
persn, a human being; the element n the right stands fr the number tw. The tw elements, when jined,
indicate ___13___ (relatinship) between individuals, r with all f sciety.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
An imprtant symbl f China is the Chinese characters—hanzi. While this unique writing system has an
ancient rigin, it was standardised and unified by Emperr Qinshihuang. Since then, it ___14___ (be) ne f the
great things ___15___ (bind) the Chinese peple tgether, and a symbl f Chinese natinal pride.
Anther ppular symbl f China arund the wrld is the Great Wall. It was riginally built by Emperr
Qinshihuang, and ___16___ (expand) afterwards. The part f the Great Wall mst peple are familiar with was
built by the Ming Dynasty in the 14th century, thugh.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
China has made significant prgress in space explratin___17___ the past few years. The cuntry’s space
prgram has achieved several milestnes, including multiple missins launched by the Chang’ e Lunar Explratin
Prgram China has als launched its wn space statin, the Tiangng, which is expected ___18___ (cmplete) by
2022 and will be used t cnduct lng-term experiments in micrgravity and hst internatinal cllabratins.
Chinese rcket manufacturers have develped new heavy-lift rckets, ___19___ (enable) mre ___20___
(ambitin) missins. Overall, China’s achievements demnstrate a strng cmmitment t advancing its space
prgram and making significant cntributins t the glbal space cmmunity.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节(共 14 小题; 每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Natinal Cuncil fr the Traditinal Arts (NCTA) is a leading nn-prfit rganizatin dedicated t the
presentatin and dcumentatin f flk and traditinal arts in the United States. The NCTA presents the natin’s
very finest artists in festivals, turs, internatinal cultural exchanges, wrkshps, demnstratins and exhibitins,
media prductins, schl prgrams, and ther activities. It wrks in partnership with cmmunities acrss America
t establish new, sustainable traditinal arts events that deliver lasting scial and cultural benefits.
The NCTA seeks Festival Supprt Staff fr the 2020 festival seasn t prvide ffice and n-site supprt fr
three large-scale festivals. Psitins available include:
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● Prgramming Administratin Assistant
This is the perfect psitin fr smene with an interest in histry, arts management, cultural anthrplgy,
and related fields.
Respnsibilities include prgramming research, marketing and prmtin, and event rganizatin. The
psitin may als be respnsible fr press and pht dcument management, scial media updates, and custmer
service.
Qualified applicants will be detail-riented and rganized, with excellent peple skills and a general interest in
the traditinal arts. Cmputer literacy is essential. The cntract runs frm May 1 t December 15．
● Festival Assistant
This is the perfect psitin fr smene with an interest in arts, culture, and event lgistics(后勤) wh enjys
perating in a fast-paced, cllegial small-ffice envirnment.
The psitin prvides festival staff supprt. Respnsibilities include dcument creatin, travel purchase,
lgistics supprt, data entry, and database maintenance.
Qualified applicants will be utging and pen-minded, with effective ral and written cmmunicatin skills
and cmputer literacy. Prir experience with festival planning is preferred. The cntract runs frm May 18 t
Octber 30.
● Prductin Assciate
The prductin assciate is a key member f the prductin team wh will wrk clsely with the prductin
manager n all festival audi, backline, and lighting needs, frm planning thrugh implementatin (实施).
The rle will cntribute t the fllwing key tasks: advancing technical needs with artists, making tech bks,
accurate recrd-keeping, and wrking with the NCTA and festival staff t insure smth n-site peratins.
Qualified applicants will be respnsible and adaptable, with excellent peple skills. Prir experience in cncert
prductin is preferred. The cntract runs frm June 15 t Octber 30．
All Psitins: Experience with database entry, Micrsft Office, and Adbe Acrbat is required. Must have a
clean driving recrd, r reliable transprtatin. Sme evenings, weekends, and travel are required.
Mre details and hw t apply at: http//ncta- America.cm .
21. Accrding t the passage, the NCTA ____.
A. fcuses n cultural and arts educatin
B. keeps a recrd f American traditinal arts
C. enjys ecnmic benefits frm cmmunities
D. aims t help the artists in art-related activities
22. The prgramming administratin assistant will prbably ____.
A. plan and design prgrams
B. create scial netwrking websites
C. deal with cmplaints frm custmers
23. What is the requirement fr all the three psitins?
A. Driving skills.
D. phtgraph newspapers and dcuments
B. Wrking experience.
C. Cmmunicatin skills.
D. Knwledge n traditinal arts.
B
A blg psted Dec 7, 2018 at 12:17 PM by Alanna Malln
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Alanna Malln is a Cambridge City Cuncilr.
Each year in Nvember, I receive a flurry f emails and texts frm friends wh want t vlunteer with their
families n Thanksgiving as a way t give back. I als field phne calls frm rganizatins wh want t dnate t
lcal prgrams that prvide Thanksgiving meals.
Hwever, as an fficial wh still wrks in the nnprfit sectr, I als feel deeply anxius because I knw the
ther 51 weeks f the year, these critical prgrams that prvide fd access t residents in need are starving fr
bth vlunteers and dnatins. Hunger is a year rund prblem, and each week vlunteers are the necessary part t
ensure that prgrams are able t serve the cmmunity.
At Fd Fr Free, we rely n abut 100 vlunteers per week, and each f thse vlunteers is extremely
imprtant t prviding fresh, healthy fd t peple in the Greater Bstn area wh need it. Schl children wh
take backpacks f fd hme n Fridays, cmmunity cllege students wh rely n ur Family Meals prgram t
thrive in class, elderly and disabled residents wh receive twice mnthly deliveries f fd t their drs thrugh
ur Hme Delivery prgram, — they all rely n us ensuring enugh vlunteers shw up t d the wrk.
These vlunteers dn’t shw up in yur scial media feeds, they dn’t win awards and n ne writes abut
them in the lcal newspapers. But they are heres. And yu can be t.
If everyne made a prmise t vlunteer nce a mnth, r even nce a quarter, I knw that we culd reduce
sme f the anxiety these rganizatins feel, as a mre reliable vlunteer netwrk allws them t fcus n helping
peple, nt filling vlunteer slts.
Here is a list f a few rganizatins wh are ding critical wrk in Cambridge t address fd insecurity. Offer
yur time t an rganizatin, they will be deeply grateful—and I am ging t bet that yu will feel pretty gd
abut yurself t.
Fd Fr Free: httpfdfrfree.rg/vlunteer.
CEOC: httpceccambridge.rg/fd-pantry.
Harvard Square Hmeless Shelter: httpshshshelter.rg/vlunteer.
Cmmunity Cks: httpscmmunitycks.rg/jin-us.
Margaret Fuller Neighbrhd Huse: httpmargaretfullerhuse.rg
24. What can be learnt frm the first tw paragraphs？
A. The fd safety wrries the authr.
B. Vlunteers are needed all year rund.
C. Dnatins can be made thrugh the Internet.
D. Peple like getting tgether n Thanksgiving.
25. Paragraph 3 is mainly abut ________.
A. the need fr fresh fd
C. the value f vluntary wrk
26. The passage is t ________.
A. call fr actin
B. the duty f Fd Fr Free
D. the difficult life f lcal peple
B. express thanks
C. advertise prgrams
D. intrduce websites
C
A team f engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature t create the first rbtic fly. The
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mechanical fly has becme a platfrm fr a series f new high-tech integrated systems. Designed t d what a fly
des naturally, the tiny machine is the size f a fat husefly. Its mini wings allw it t stay in the air and perfrm
cntrlled flight tasks.
“It’s extremely imprtant fr us t think abut this as a whle system and nt just the sum f a bunch f individual
cmpnents (元件),” said Rbert Wd, the Harvard engineering prfessr wh has been wrking n the rbtic
fly prject fr ver a decade. A few years ag, his team gt the g-ahead t start piecing tgether the cmpnents.
“The added difficulty with a prject like this is that actually nne f thse cmpnents are ff the shelf and s we
have t develp them all n ur wn,” he said.
They engineered a series f systems t start and drive the rbtic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just
mves the wings has a number f interdependencies n the individual cmpnents, each f which individually has
t perfrm well, but then has t be matched well t everything it’s cnnected t,” said Wd. The flight device was
built int a set f pwer, cmputatin, sensing and cntrl systems. Wd says the success f the prject prves
that the flying rbt with these tiny cmpnents can be built and manufactured.
While this first rbtic flyer is linked t a small, ff-bard pwer surce, the gal is eventually t equip it with a
built-in pwer surce, s that it might smeday perfrm data-gathering wrk at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields r n
the battlefield. “Basically it shuld be able t take ff, land and fly arund,” he said.
Wd says the design ffers a new way t study flight mechanics and cntrl at insect-scale. Yet, the pwer,
sensing and cmputatin technlgies n bard culd have much brader applicatins. “Yu can start thinking
abut using them t answer pen scientific questins, yu knw, t study bilgy in ways that wuld be difficult
with the animals, but using these rbts instead,” he said. “S there are a lt f technlgies and pen interesting
scientific questins that are really what drives us n a day t day basis.”
27. The difficulty the team f engineers met with while making the rbtic fly was that __________.
A. they had n mdel in their mind
B. they did nt have sufficient time
C. they had n ready-made cmpnents
D. they culd nt assemble the cmpnents
28. It can be inferred frm paragraphs 3 and 4 that the rbtic fly __________.
A. cnsists f a flight device and a cntrl system
B. can just fly in limited areas at the present time
C. can cllect infrmatin frm many surces
D. has been put int wide applicatin
29. Which f the fllwing can be learned frm the passage?
A. The rbtic flyer is designed t learn abut insects.
B. Animals are nt allwed in bilgical experiments.
C. There used t be few ways t study hw insects fly.
D. Wd’s design can replace animals in sme experiments.
30. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. Father f Rbtic Fly
B. Inspiratin frm Engineering Science
C. Rbtic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect
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D. Harvard Breaks Thrugh in Insect Study
D
The aggressive spread f market ecnmics and cmmunicatin technlgies—ften under the cntrl f
Western multinatinal cmpanies—brings new challenges t lcal cultures and values in nn-Western scieties.
Smetimes it seems as if a tidal wave f the wrst Western culture is creeping acrss the glbe like a giant
strawberry milkshake spill at and ver the planet, with a flavr that is distinctly sweet, sickly and apparently
hmgeneus (同质的).
Fr sme, especially the yung, change may mean escape frm ppressive traditins. It may als bring new
pprtunities fr cultures t be cmbined in creative ways. Hwever, there is genuine cause fr cncern abut the
rate at which cultures are being wrn away in such a glbalized wrld.
Perhaps by far the mst imprtant far-reaching effect f cultural glbalizatin is the cmmercializatin f
culture, which has a disturbing impact n lcal peple’s existing values. They are increasingly bmbarded with new
images, new music, new clthes and new values. The familiar and ld are t be abandned. While there was
cultural change lng befre glbalizatin, there is a danger that much will be lst simply because it is nt valued by
glbal markets. In West Africa fr example, traditinal values have been vertaken by Cca-Cla culture which the
lcal peple dn’t yet have the values t deal with successfully.
Anther cmmn aspect f the glbalized culture is that it pursues (追求) the same “ne size fits all”
American ideal. The result f this cultural prcess f hmgenizatin is that a large sectin f the wrld’s
ppulatin dreams f living like Csby & C. r like the characters in any ther steretype American sap pera. In
additin, the dream f living a better life causes thusands f peple t mve t already vercrwded cities whse
ppulatin has bmed by millins within the last decades. The majrity f these new immigrants end up in slums
leading t pverty, pllutin and misery.
Such gradual aggressin against peple’s existing values and cultures has a destructive impact n their sense
f wh they are, what they want and what they respect. It attacks spiritual values and faith traditins. The
accumulative (累积的) effect in nn-Western scieties is a crisis f cultural cnfidence, cmbined with the
increased ecnmic uncertainty and crime which glbal integratin (一体化) may bring. This creates real prblems
fr scial stability» whether it is at the level f natin, cmmunity r family.
In cnclusin, cultural glbalizatin, r wrldwide McDnaldizatin, destrys diversity and displaces the
pprtunity t sustain decent life thrugh a mixture f many different cultures. It is mre a cnsequence f pwer
cncentratin in the glbal media and manufacturing cmpanies than the peple’s wn wish t abandn their
cultural identity and diversity.
31. It can be learned frm Paragraph 1 that ______.
A. nn-Western scieties willingly accept ecnmic glbalizatin
B. Western culture unites the wrld、ecnmies and technlgies
C. the bming f Western culture destrys nn-Western scieties
D. despite its appeal, westernizatin shws an unpleasant unifrmity
32. Which best serves as an example f the “ne size fits all” principle in nn-Western natins?
A. McDnald receives mre criticism abrad than at hme.
B. Many Africans dream f a middle class American lifestyle.
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C. Chinese fd wins great apprval in the United Kingdm.
D. Sme western yung peple fancy a visit t African cuntries,
33. What is the writer’s attitude twards cultural glbalizatin?
A. Cautius.
B. Critical.
D. Neutral.
C. Psitive.
34. The passage is mainly abut _______.
A. cultural diversity in glbalizatin
B. challenges t nn-Western cultures
C. drawbacks f cultural glbalizatin
D. disappearance f nn-Western cultures
第二节(共 5 小题; 每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self-esteem is the ruling view yu have f yurself. This includes yur beliefs abut yur inner qualities and
hw yu think thers see yu. ___35___ Smene can develp lw self-esteem even when they are highly
functinal and greatly skilled. Understanding this mysterius emtinal currency might be the key t unlcking
yur wn self-wrth.
Peple with healthy self-esteem dn't need t bast abut themselves t thers. Peple with lw self-esteem
may tell yu hw much everyne lves them, what a great jb they d at wrk, and hw amazing they are at pretty
everything under the sun even thugh they really wnder if it's true. Peple may see them as bnxius r “full f
themselves”. ___36___ They are nt shy abut sharing ideas, including cnstructive criticisms f thers. They als
take care f themselves withut secnd-guessing r aplgizing. They are the peple wh we say seem “sure f
themselves”.
If yu're starting t think yu may have lw self-esteem, yu can wrk n the way yu talk t yurself. When
yu turn ff negative self-talk, yu can pen the flr t psitive reinfrcements and access the curage t shw
different sides f yurself. It isn't ging t feel gd at first, thugh. Keep ging until it becmes less and less and
maybe even a few awkward laughs in the mirrr may help. ___37___
Hwever, in serius cases f lw r even nn-existent self-esteem, yu may want t call in a prfessinal r a
specialist. Gd mental health is imprtant, and prfessinals ding psychtherapy d nt pass judgement r give
crrectins. ___38___ It is the best way t get at the rts f yur real self-esteem prblems.
___39___ It will take sme wrk but yur entire life — frm yur relatinships t yur bdy image t yur
wrk habits — will be tuched with the kind f pwer that nly cmes frm smene believing in themselves. This
is the hardest part, and the greatest leap. With sme changes and supprt, yu can imprve yur self-esteem and see
hw everything else changes as a result.
A. Self-esteem is nt always rted in reality, thugh.
B. Yu have the pwer t shape a new self-perceptin.
C. This encurages yu t speak penly withut wrry.
D. The real test f character is whether they can learn frm their mistakes.
E. Self-esteem refers t a persn's verall sense f his r her value r wrth.
F. Peple with a healthy level f self-esteem present themselves with a casual cnfidence.
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G. With sme practice and persistence, yu will win this internal struggle t see yur self-wrth.
第三部分 (32 分)
第一节(共 3 小题; 40、41 题每题 2 分, 42 题 5 分, 共 9 分)
阅读下面短文并按要求完成阅读任务。
Discvered by Amateurs
Sme astrnmers spend their entire careers lking fr new discveries in space, but a 10-year-ld Canadian
girl fund ne n her first try. In January, 2011, Kathryn Gray, wh ften studied stars, was lking at recent pictures
f uter space and cmparing them t pictures taken years earlier. The pictures were just thusands f tiny spts f
light, but Gray sptted a star that lked different in the recent pictures. Culd it pssibly be a supernva (超新星)?
Usually a supernva is brighter, and it becmes visible thrugh a telescpe due t the brightness. Later Gray’s
discvery was cnfirmed, and she became the yungest persn t discver a supernva.
Thrughut histry, imprtant discveries in astrnmy have been made by amateurs. An early example is
William Herschel, wh discvered Uranus in 1781. Uranus had been bserved befre, but expert astrnmers thught
it didn’t belng t ur slar system. When Herschel saw it with a telescpe he had designed and built himself, he
realized that it was rbiting the sun. This meant that Uranus was a planet. And s, the map f ur night sky was
changed frever.
Then in 1930, a majr discvery was made by a 24-year-ld man, a farmer’s sn, with n cllege educatin r
frmal training in astrnmy. Clyde Tmbaugh had built a hmemade telescpe using instructins frm an article in
a by’s magazine. He used t draw detailed pictures f the surfaces f Mars and Jupiter. He sent the pictures t Dr.
V. M. Slipher at the Lwell Observatry, wh was s impressed and ffered him a jb n his team. Within a year,
Tmbaugh discvered a ninth planet, Plut. It was regarded as a planet fr 76 years, but scientists decided in2006
that Plut didn’t meet all f the criteria fr a true planet. It was then cnsidered t be a dwarf planet.
Jhn Dbsn is anther influential amateur astrnmer because he enabled s many thers t take up astrnmy
as a hbby. In 1956, after cnstant attempts, he built a pwerful telescpe ut f lw-cst materials, such as paper
tubes used in cnstructin. With affrdable tls like Dbsn’s telescpe, mre amateurs tday have the technlgy
that is needed t make discveries f their wn.
40. Hw did Kathryn Gray discver the supernva?
___________________________________________________________________________
41. Why did Clyde Tmbaugh get a jb at the Lwell Observatry?
___________________________________________________________________________
42. Which f the amateur astrnmers mentined in the passage has impressed yu mst? Why? (abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (共 4 小题; 每小题 4 分，满分 4 分)
根据句意、中文提示和单词首字母，写出单词的正确形式，并将完整的单词答案书写在答题
纸的相应位置上。
43. In the last tw d_______(十年), the advanced technlgy has made peple live lnger. (根据中英文提示填空)
44. It’s usually a cmmn practice that j_____(刊物) websites ffer readers their free nline editins f articles and
ther infrmatin. (根据中英文提示填空)
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45. The chairman is quite familiar with the p________(步骤) fr cnducting a meeting. (根据中英文提示填空)
46. Unfrtunately, the flight was p_______(延迟) n accunt f the bad weather. (根据中英文提示填空)
第三节(共 4 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 4 分)
请用方框中词组的正确形式完成句子，并将答案书写在答题纸的相应位置上，每个词组只使用一次。(方框
中有一个选项为多余选项)
bring abut figure ut judge frm (be) keen n run ut
47. In the future, care fr the envirnment will becme very imprtant as Earth’s natural resurces_________.
48. _______her accent, she must be frm Sctland.
49. The present situatin is quite cmplicated, s I think it will take me sme time t_________ its reality.
50. If yu like astrnmy, yu may _________ cllecting stamps describing the stars, planets, space crafts,
spacemen, etc.
第四节书面表达 (满分 15 分)
51. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。2023 年 5 月 30 日神舟十六号（Shenzhu 16 manned spaceship）发射
成功，并将于 11 月返航，你校电视台英文频道向学生征集以“中国航天”为主题的原创短视频。你打算邀
请留学生 Jim 一起完成作品。请你给他写邮件，内容包括：
1．征集要求；
2．作品初步想法；
3．询问意向。
注意：1．词数 100 左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：神舟十六号：Shenzhu 16 manned spaceship 航天：aerspace
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
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参考答案
第一部分：知识运用(30 分)
第一节完形填空(共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【导语】文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述母亲手术的经历来告诉我们，向病人描述疾病的风险没有意
义，应该换一种更有益的，能抚慰病人的说法。
【1 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：手术相对较小，但确实有瘫痪的风险。A. definitely 确定地；B. unusually 特别
地；C. relatively 相对地；D. typically 典型地。根据下文“but des carry a risk f paralysis”可知，前后句为
转折关系，脊柱手术小是相对而言（relatively），但还是有高风险。故选 C 项。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友和家人对这个消息的反应是用如此悲观的措辞说话以至于妈妈把这种谈话
称为“心理盗窃”。A. chse 选择；B. label 贴标签，把……称为；C. emply 雇用；D. mistake 误解。此
处考查动词短语 label…as…,意为“将……称作……，把……说成是……”。作者妈妈把这种给别人悲观
感觉，让别人更不舒服的谈话贴了标签，称为“心理盗窃”。故选 B 项。
【3 题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：当别人增加你的焦虑而不是提供安慰时，就会发生这种情况。A. in need f 需
要；B. in favr f 支持；C. instead f 而不是；D. regardless f 不顾。根据上文“The peratin is___1___
minr, but des carry a risk f paralysis. Friends and family have reacted t this news by talking in such pessimistic
terms that Mm has cme t___2___ this kind f talk as ‘psychlgical theft’.”可知，手术有瘫痪的风险，作者
妈妈本来就为此而焦虑，朋友家人对这个消息表现为言论消极，令当事人更焦虑，而不是安慰当事人。故
选 C 项。
【4 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：背部是最危险的手术部位。A. secure 安全的；B. dangerus 危险的；C.
cmmn 共同的；D. apparent 显而易见的。根据上文“The peratin is___1___ minr, but des carry a risk f
paralysis.”以及下文“My mm had that and she was in terrible pain.”可知，此处表示在讲 Geff 背部手术的
危险（dangerus）和带来的痛苦。故选 B 项。
【5 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰夫的本意是好的。A. intentin 意图，目的；B. assumptin 假定；C. emtin
情绪；D. descriptin 描述。根据下文“He’d given his wn mther’s stry t shw sympathy, ___6___ Mm
nly heard danger and pain.”可知，Geff 为了表达同情才这么说，所以意图（intentin）是善良的。故选 A
项。
【6 题详解】
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考查连词词义辨析。句意：为了表示同情，他讲述了自己母亲的故事，但母亲只听到了危险和痛苦。A.
because 因为；B. as 当……时候；C. when 当……时候；D. yet 然而。根据空后“Mm nly heard danger and
pain”可知，Geff 的话让作者妈妈感到危险和痛苦，与同情的本意背道而驰了，上下文有转折关系，yet
符合语境。故选 D 项。
【7 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终你会感觉好很多。A. ccasinally 偶然；B. permanently 永久地；C. initially
最初；D. ultimately 最终。根据上文“Peple culd have alternative things that wuld be equally true, but mre
familiar t patients. ‘The specialists in ur hspitals are amng the best in the wrld.’—That’s a gd ne.”可
知，要说真正能抚慰到病人的话，本句中，“Yu’re ging t”可知，说的是将要发生的事情，用来安慰当
事人的比较真实的话，最终你会感觉好很多，ultimately 比 permanently 更适合语境。故选 D 项。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我并不是说病人应该躲避他们所承担的现实风险。A. released 释放；B. deleted
删除；C. separated 分开；D. sheltered 躲避。根据下文“But if the decisin t have an peratin can’t really be
___9___, what’s the purpse f stressing the___10___? ”可知，病人不得不做手术的时候，不必强调可能的
风险，故作者不认为病人应躲避做手术后的风险，不应有风险而害怕手术，此处考查动词短语 be sheltered
frm，意为“使免遭……影响”，故选 D 项。
【9 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果真的无法避免做手术的决定，那么强调不利条件的目的是什么呢？
A. accepted 接受；B. made 制造；C. avided 避免；D. reached 抵达。根据“what’s the purpse f stressing
the___10___”可知，要强调手术风险，说明病人的状况必须动手术了， 手术不可避免了（avided）。故选
C 项。
【10 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果真的不能避免手术的决定，强调不利条件又有什么用呢？A.
drawbacks 不利条件；B. strengths 优势；C. dimensins 方面；D. prcedures 程序。根据上文“Geff’s
___5___ had been kind. He’d given his wn mther’s stry t shw sympathy, ___6___ Mm nly heard danger
and pain.”以及“Peple culd have alternative things that wuld be equally true, but mre familiar t patients.”
可知，作者认为向病人描述疾病的风险没有意义，应该换一种更有益的，同样真实的，但为患者所更熟悉
的说法，所以：如果手术不能避免，强调疾病的问题和风险这些不利条件没有意义，只会给当事人更加焦
虑，drawbacks 表示“不利条件”，符合语境。故选 A 项。
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
【答案】11. cnstantly
12. written
13. relatinships
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。当你阅读孔子的著作时，你会看到一个经常出现的词，一个代表儒家思想核心的
汉字：人。文章介绍了“人”这个字的含义。
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【11 题详解】
考查副词。句意：当你阅读孔子的著作时，你会看到一个经常出现的词，一个代表儒家思想核心的汉字：
人。此处应用副词 cnstantly 作状语，修饰形容词 recurring(反复出现的)，故填 cnstantly。
【12 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果你仔细观察这个文字，你就会明白它的意思。此处应用形容词 written 作定语，修
饰名词 character，表示“书面的”，故填 written。
【13 题详解】
考查名词的数。句意： 这两个要素，如果结合在一起，就表明了个人之间或者与整个社会之间的关系。此
处应用名词 relatinship 作宾语，表示“关系”，为可数名词，由 between individuals 可知，人与人的关系
不止一种，应用复数形式，故填 relatinships。
【答案】14. has been
15. binding
16. expanded
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的标志——汉字和长城。
【14 题详解】
考查时态。句意：从那时起，它就成为了将中国人民团结在一起的伟大事物之一，也是中国民族自豪感的
象征。根据时间状语 Since then，句子应用现在完成时，it 为主语，助动词为 has。故填 has been。
【15 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从那时起，它就成为了将中国人民团结在一起的伟大事物之一，也是中国民族自
豪感的象征。句子的谓语动词为 has been，设空处为非谓语动词，bind 与逻辑主语 the great things 之间为主
谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填 binding。
【16 题详解】
考查时态、语态和省略。句意：它最初是由秦始皇建造的，后来被扩建了。根据上下文，此处为一般过去
时，expand 与逻辑主语 It 为动宾关系，应用被动语态，and 连接两个谓语动词，第一个谓语也是被动语
态，故设空处只用动词过去分词，was 省略。故填 expanded。
【答案】17. in##during
18. t be cmpleted
19. enabling
20. ambitius
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国在过去的几年里在太空探索方面取得的几个里程碑式的成
就，及其意义。
【17 题详解】
考查介词。句意：在过去的几年里，中国在太空探索方面取得了重大进展。根据句意和句子结构，此处考
查介词短语 in the past few years，或 during the past few years，意为“在过去的几年”，用于现在完成时
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态。设空处应用介词 in 或 during。故填：in / during。
【18 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国还发射了自己的空间站“天宫”，预计将于 2022 年完工，用于进行微重力
下的长期实验，并举办国际合作。此处考查动词短语搭配 be expected t d，设空处应用动词不定式，动词
cmplete 与逻辑主语 its wn space statin 之间为动宾关系，应用不定式的被动语态，故填：t be
cmpleted。
【19 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国火箭制造商已经开发出新的重型火箭，使更雄心勃勃的任务成为可能。设空
处为非谓语动词，是前面整个句子产生的结果，应用现在分词，作状语。故填：enabling。
【20 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国火箭制造商已经开发出新的重型火箭，使更艰巨的任务成为可能。根据空前的
mre，且修饰名词 missins，设空处应用形容词原形 ambitius，意为“艰巨的”。故填：ambitius。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节(共 14 小题; 每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，为国家传统艺术委员会的一则招聘广告，文章介绍了美国国家传统艺术委员
会，及其三个招聘岗位及相关要求。
【21 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The Natinal Cuncil fr the Traditinal Arts (NCTA) is a leading nn-prfit
rganizatin dedicated t the presentatin and dcumentatin f flk and traditinal arts in the United States. (国家
传统艺术委员会是一个主要的，致力于展示和记录美国的民间和传统艺术的非营利组织)”可知，NCTA 记
录了美国传统艺术。故选 B 项。
【22 题详解】
推理判断题。根据● Prgramming Administratin Assistant 中的第二段第二句“The psitin may als be
respnsible fr press and pht dcument management, scial media updates, and custmer service.(该职位还可能
负责新闻和照片文件管理，社交媒体更新和客户服务。)”可知，程序设计行政助理要负责客户服务，故可
能会处理客户的投诉。故选 C 项。
【23 题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Prgramming Administratin Assistant 的第三段“Qualified applicants will be detail-
riented and rganized, with excellent peple skills and a general interest in the traditinal arts. (合格的申请者将
注重细节，办事高效，具有优秀的人际交往能力和对传统艺术的普遍兴趣)”；● Festival Assistant 的第三段
“Qualified applicants will be utging and pen-minded, with effective ral and written cmmunicatin skills and
cmputer literacy. (合格的应聘者应性格外向，思想开放，具有良好的口头和书面沟通能力，并能熟练使用
计算机。)”；●Prductin Assciate 的第三段“Qualified applicants will be respnsible and adaptable, with
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excellent peple skills. (合格的申请人将有责任心，适应性强，并具有出色的人际交往能力。)”可知，这三
个职位共同的要求是沟通技巧。故选 C 项。
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。社会全年都需要志愿者，这些志愿者不会出现在你的社交媒体上，他们不会
获奖，也没有人在当地报纸上报道他们。但他们是英雄。文章呼吁我们行动起来。
【24 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句 Each year in Nvember, I receive a flurry f emails and texts frm friends wh
want t vlunteer with their families n Thanksgiving as a way t give back.“每年 11 月，我都会收到一大堆朋友
发来的电子邮件和短信，他们想在感恩节和家人一起做志愿者，作为回报。”和第二段最后一句 each week
vlunteers are the necessary part t ensure that prgrams are able t serve the cmmunity.“每周志愿者都是确保项
目能够为社区服务的必要部分。”可知，全年都需要志愿者。故选 B。
【25 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中 These vlunteers dn’t shw up in yur scial media feeds, they dn’t win awards and
n ne writes abut them in the lcal newspapers. But they are heres.“这些志愿者不会出现在你的社交媒体上，
他们不会获奖，也没有人在当地报纸上报道他们。但他们是英雄。”故选 C。
【26 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段 Here is a list f a few rganizatins wh are ding critical wrk in Cambridge t
address fd insecurity. Offer yur time t an rganizatin, they will be deeply grateful—and I am ging t bet that
yu will feel pretty gd abut yurself t.“以下是一些在剑桥大学为解决粮食不安全问题而进行重要工作的
组织。把你的时间奉献给一个组织，他们会非常感激你——我敢打赌你也会自我感觉很好。”可知，本文
呼吁我们行动起来。故选 A。
【点睛】抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心
要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细
节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面
的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。本题第 3 小题，根据最后一段 Here is a
list f a few rganizatins wh are ding critical wrk in Cambridge t address fd insecurity. Offer yur time t
an rganizatin, they will be deeply grateful—and I am ging t bet that yu will feel pretty gd abut yurself
t.“以下是一些在剑桥大学为解决粮食不安全问题而进行重要工作的组织。把你的时间奉献给一个组织，
他们会非常感激你——我敢打赌你也会自我感觉很好。”可知，本文呼吁我们行动起来。故选 A。
【答案】27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机
器苍蝇。文章介绍了该项研究存在的困难，研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处。
【27 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The added difficulty with a prject like this is that actually nne f thse cmpnents
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are ff the shelf and s we have t develp them all n ur wn 可知，类似这样的项目的一个额外的困难就是，
这些组成部件从来就没有现成的，我们不得不靠自己去开发，从中可知，困难就是没有现成的组成部件，
故选 C。
【28 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“While this first rbtic flyer is linked t a small, ff-bard pwer surce, the gal is
eventually t equip it with a built-in pwer surce, s that it might smeday perfrm data-gathering wrk at rescue
sites, in farmers’ fields r n the battlefield”可知，虽然第一架机器人飞行器与一个小型非机载电源相连，但
最终目标是为其配备一个内置电源，以便有朝一日它可以在救援地点、农民的田地或战场上执行数据收集
工作。由此推知，目前由于电池等的限制，只能在有限的区域飞行，故选 B。
【29 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的 it might smeday perfrm data-gathering wrk at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields r n
the battlefield 可知，A 项是错误的。B 项中 animals are nt allwed 是错的，应该是 difficult with animals,即有
些用动物来做试验是困难的，不是不允许。C 项在文中并没有提到以前方法的多少，文中只是说 ffers a
new way t study，提供了新的方法，故排除 C 项。根据最后一段的 yu knw, t study bilgy in ways that
wuld be difficult with the animals，but using these rbts instead，可知，用动物研究生物学会很难，但是机
器人可以取代动物，所以在某些实验中，Wd 的设计可以取代动物。故选 D。
【30 题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段“A team f engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature t create the first
rbtic fly”可知，短文主要介绍的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍
蝇。所以短文的最佳标题是“机器苍蝇模仿现实生活中的昆虫” ，故选 C。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含
意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的
答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。
推理判断题的题干中通常含 infer, suggest, imply, cnclude indicate 等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判
断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。
根据第三段的“he flight device was built int a set f pwer, cmputatin, sensing and cntrl systems”可知 A 项
是错误的。根据第四段的“While this first rbtic flyer is linked t a small, ff-bard pwer surce”和“Basically
it shuld be able t take ff, land and fly arund,”可知，目前由于电池等的限制，只能在有限的区域飞行。因
此 B 项是正确的。根据第四段的“s that it might smeday perfrm data-gathering wrk at rescue sites, in
farmers’ fields r n the battlefield”可知该飞行器是在 smeday 将来的某一天才能从不同的地方收集信息，而
不是现在，因此排除 C 项。纵观全文，讲述的是该飞行器尚处于开发的初级阶段，有很多地方需要改善，
因此 D 项广泛投入使用是错误的。综上所述，选小题 2 选 B 项。
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. B 34. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述文化全球化的缺点和种种消极影响。
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【31 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The aggressive spread f market ecnmics and cmmunicatin technlgies—ften
under the cntrl f Western multinatinal cmpanies—brings new challenges t lcal cultures and values in nn-
Western scieties. Smetimes it seems as if a tidal wave f the wrst Western culture is creeping acrss the glbe
like a giant strawberry milkshake spill at and ver the planet, with a flavr that is distinctly sweet, sickly and
apparently hmgeneus (同质的). (市场经济和通信技术的侵略拓展——往往在西方跨国公司的控制之下—
—给非西方社会的当地文化和价值观带来了新的挑战。有时，似乎最糟糕的西方文化的浪潮正在全球蔓
延，就像一个巨大的草莓奶昔溢出燕麦，遍及地球，味道明显甜美，甜得发腻和明显同质化。)”可知，西
方化给非西方社会的当地文化和价值观带来了新的挑战，但它既有明显的甜美，也有病态和同质的特征。
由此可知西方化尽管受欢迎，很吸引人，同时也令人不快。故选 D。
【32 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The result f this cultural prcess f hmgenizatin is that a large sectin f the
wrld’s ppulatin dreams f living like Csby & C. r like the characters in any ther steretype American sap
pera. In additin, the dream f living a better life causes thusands f peple t mve t already vercrwded
cities whse ppulatin has bmed by millins within the last decades. (这种同质化文化过程的结果是，世界
上很大一部分人梦想着像科斯比公司那样的生活，或者像任何其他刻板印象的美国肥皂剧中的角色一样生
活。此外，过上更好生活的梦想导致成千上万的人搬到已经人满为患的城市，这些城市的人口在过去几十
年中激增了数百万。)”可知，在非西方国家，世界上很大一部分人梦想着像科斯比公司那样生活，或者像
其他刻板印象的美国肥皂剧里的人物一样，过着更好的，富足的生活，这些最能体现“一刀切”原则。故
推知许多非洲人梦想着美国中产阶级的生活方式体现“一刀切”原则。故选 B。
【33 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Hwever, there is genuine cause fr cncern abut the rate at which cultures are
being wrn away in such a glbalized wrld. (然而在这样一个全球化的世界里，文化正在被损坏的速度，确
实值得关注。)”及第三段“Perhaps by far the mst imprtant far-reaching effect f cultural glbalizatin is the
cmmercializatin f culture, which has a disturbing impact n lcal peple’s existing values. (也许到目前为止，
文化全球化最重要的深远影响是文化的商业化，这对当地人民现有的价值观产生了令人不安的影响。)”及
第四段“The majrity f these new immigrants end up in slums leading t pverty, pllutin and misery. (这些新
移民中的大多数最终都生活在贫民窟，导致贫困、污染和苦难。)”及第五段“Such gradual aggressin
against peple’s existing values and cultures has a destructive impact n their sense f wh they are, what they
want and what they respect. It attacks spiritual values and faith traditins. (这种对人们现有价值观和文化的逐渐
侵略对他们的自我意识、他们想要的和他们尊重的东西有破坏性的影响。它攻击精神价值和信仰传统。)”
及最后一段“In cnclusin, cultural glbalizatin, r wrldwide McDnaldizatin, destrys diversity and
displaces the pprtunity t sustain decent life thrugh a mixture f many different cultures. (总之，文化全球化
或全球麦当劳化破坏多样性，并取代了通过许多不同文化的混合来维持体面生活的机会。)”可知，作者认
为文化全球化损坏文化、导致贫困、污染和苦难、攻击精神价值和信仰传统。以上观点表明作者对文化全
球化表示担忧和批判，故选 B。
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【34 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In cnclusin, cultural glbalizatin, r wrldwide McDnaldizatin, destrys
diversity and displaces the pprtunity t sustain decent life thrugh a mixture f many different cultures. It is mre
a cnsequence f pwer cncentratin in the glbal media and manufacturing cmpanies than the peple’s wn
wish t abandn their cultural identity and diversity. (总之，文化全球化或全球麦当劳化破坏了多样性，并取
代了通过许多不同文化的混合来维持体面生活的机会。这与其说是人民自己放弃其文化认同和多样性的愿
望，不如说是权力集中在全球媒体和制造公司的结果。)”可知，文章主要讲述了文化全球化的缺点和种种
消极影响。故选 C。
第二节(共 5 小题; 每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
【答案】35. A 36. F 37. G 38. C 39. B
【解析】
【导语】文章是一篇说明文，讲述了自尊的定义，拥有健康自尊的人们的特征和低自尊人群对自身的危
害，最后对于如何正确提升自尊给出了建议。
【35 题详解】
空格下文“ Smene can develp lw self-esteem even when they are highly functinal and greatly skilled.”（有
些人即使很能干、很有技能，也可能会发展出低自尊。）这个例子与空格前没有呼应，选项 A“Self-esteem
is nt always rted in reality, thugh.”（然而，自尊并不总是根植于现实。）与这个例子存在论点和论据的关
系，故选择 A。
【36 题详解】
这段第一句“Peple with healthy self-esteem dn't need t bast abut themselves t thers. ”（有健康自尊的人
不需要向别人吹嘘自己。）可见，整一段都在讲健康自尊的人们。再者空格后“They are nt shy abut sharing
ideas, including cnstructive criticisms f thers. ”（他们不羞于分享想法，包括对他人的建设性批评。）可
知，选项 F 的“Peple with a healthy level f self-esteem ”与整段的指代一致，故选择 F。
【37 题详解】
根据空格前“When yu turn ff negative self-talk, yu can pen the ging until it becmes less and
less and maybe even a few awkward laughs in the mirrr may help.”(当你停止消极的自我对话时，你就能敞开
心扉继续，直到它变得越来越少，也许甚至是在镜子里的几个尴尬的笑可能会有帮助。)可知，讲述改
变低自尊状态的方法，与选项 G"With sme practice and persistence, yu will win this internal struggle t see
yur self-wrth."(通过一些练习和坚持，你会赢得这场内在的斗争，看到你的自我价值。),中的练习和坚持
这些方法相对应，故选 G。
【38 题详解】
空格前“prfessinals ding psychtherapy d nt pass judgement r give crrectins. ”（做心理治疗的专业人员
不会通过判断或给予纠正。）可知，这个现象与选项 C 中指代的 this 指代一致，专业人员不会判断或者纠
正，所以这将鼓励你去放开说。故选择 C.
【39 题详解】
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空格后“It will take sme wrk but yur entire life—frm yur relatinships t yur bdy image t yur wrk
habits”（这需要付出一些努力，但你的整个生活——从你的人际关系到你的身体形象，再到你的工作习
惯），可知 it 指代与选项 B"Yu have the pwer t shape a new self-perceptin(你有能力塑造一种新的自我认
知)相一致，可知新的自我认知需要一些努力，但会让你受益颇多。故选择 B.
第三部分 (32 分)
第一节(共 3 小题; 40、41 题每题 2 分, 42 题 5 分, 共 9 分)
【答案】40. By cmparing the recent pictures f uter space t pictures taken years earlier.
41. Because his detailed pictures f the surfaces f Mars and Jupiter impressed Dr. V. M. Slipher.
42. William Herschel has impressed me mst. His discvery f Uranus was imprtant because it redefined ur
understanding f the slar system. His use f a telescpe he designed and built himself shwcased his ingenuity and
determinatin.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了几位业余天文爱好者做出了天文学重大发现的故事。
【40 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In January, 2011, Kathryn Gray, wh ften studied stars, was lking at recent
pictures f uter space and cmparing them t pictures taken years earlier. (2011 年 1 月，经常研究恒星的 Kathryn
Gray 看着最近拍摄的外太空照片，并将它们与几年前拍摄的照片进行了比较。)”可知，Kathryn Gray 通过
将最近拍摄的外太空照片与几年前拍摄的照片进行比较，发现了这颗超新星。故可填：By cmparing the
recent pictures f uter space t pictures taken years earlier.
【41 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“He used t draw detailed pictures f the surfaces f Mars and Jupiter. He sent the
pictures t Dr. V. M. Slipher at the Lwell Observatry, wh was s impressed and ffered him a jb n his team. (他
曾经画过火星和木星表面的详细图画。他把这些图画发给了洛厄尔天文台的 V. M. Slipher 博士，Slipher 对
他印象深刻，并给他提供了一份他团队中的工作。)”可知，Clyde Tmbaugh 得到在洛厄尔天文台的工作是
因为他对火星和木星表面的详细图画给 V. M. Slipher 博士留下了深刻的印象。故可填：Because his detailed
pictures f the surfaces f Mars and Jupiter impressed Dr. V. M. Slipher.
【42 题详解】
开放性试题。本题答案是开放性的，言之有理即可。例如，根据 Clyde Tmbaugh 的经历可知，他发现的天
王星非常重要，重新定义了我们对太阳系的认识，而且他使用的是自己设计和制造的望远镜，他富有聪明
才智和决心。故可填：William Herschel has impressed me mst. His discvery f Uranus was imprtant because
it redefined ur understanding f the slar system. His use f a telescpe he designed and built himself shwcased
his ingenuity and determinatin.
第二节 (共 4 小题; 每小题 4 分，满分 4 分)
根据句意、中文提示和单词首字母，写出单词的正确形式，并将完整的单词答案书写在答题
纸的相应位置上。
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43. 【答案】decades##ecades
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在过去的二十年里，先进的技术延长了人们的寿命。根据首字母和中文提示可
知，空处应用名词 decade，作介词 In 的宾语，且空前有 the last tw，decade 应用复数形式 decades，表示
“过去的二十年”。故填 decades。
44.【答案】jurnal##urnal
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：期刊网站为读者提供免费的在线版本的文章和其他信息通常是一种惯例。根据
首字母，“刊物”表达为名词 jurnal，修饰名词 websites，作前置定语。故填 jurnal。
45. 【答案】prcedure##rcedure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：主席非常熟悉开会的步骤。由汉语提示“步骤”和首字母可知，此处应用名词
prcedure 作宾语，由 the 和句意可知，此处特指开会的这一步骤，应用单数，故填 prcedure。
46. 【答案】pstpned##stpned
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：不幸的是，由于天气不好，航班延迟了。“延迟”表达为动词 pstpne，与主
语 the flight 之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，设空处应用过去分词。故填 pstpned。
第三节(共 4 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 4 分)
【答案】47. are running ut
48. Judging frm
49. figure ut
50. be keen n
【解析】
【47 题详解】
考查现在进行时，动词短语，主谓一致。句意：在未来，保护环境将变得非常重要，因为地球的自然资源
正在耗尽。根据所给句子提示可知，保护环境很重要，是因为自然资源即将耗尽，即此处表达资源“耗
尽”，根据时间状语 in the future 可知，此句表达将来要发生的事，因此可使用现在进行时表示将来要发生
的事。主语 Earth’s natural resurces 为复数形式，因此谓语需使用复数。故答案为 are running ut。
【48 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从她的口音判断，她一定是苏格兰人。根据所给句子提示，可知此处表达“从口
音判断”她的家乡，句子谓语为 must be，因此此处需非谓语动词，且与句子主语 she 不是同一主语，因此
需独立使用现在分词形式。故填 Judging frm。
【49 题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：目前的情况很复杂，所以我想我需要一些时间来弄清楚它的真实情况。根据所给句
子提示可知，此处表达“弄清楚”这一复杂事情的真实情况。根据 it takes sb. +时间+ t d sth. 结构可知，
此处需使用动词原形的形式。故填 figure ut。
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【50 题详解】
考查形容词短语。句意：如果你喜欢天文学，你可能会热衷于收集描述恒星、行星、宇宙飞船、宇航员等
的邮票。根据所给句子提示可知，此处表达“热衷于”收集邮票。因此句中有情态动词 may，因此可直接
接动词原形形式。故填 be keen n。
第四节书面表达 (满分 15 分)
51. 【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m writing t share sme gd news with yu. Our schl’s TV statin is currently cllecting riginal shrt
vides with the theme f “China’s aerspace”, and I thught it wuld be great if we culd wrk n it tgether.
Its requirements are quite simple. The vide shuld be arund 3-5 minutes lng, featuring the significance f
the Shenzhu 16 missin. As fr ur preliminary ideas, we culd begin the vide with a brief intrductin t the
Shenzhu missins, after which we culd dive deeper int the details f the Shenzhu 16 missin, highlighting its
bjectives and accmplishments.
Are yu interested in cllabrating with me n this vide? I believe yur perspective as an internatinal
student will bring a unique and valuable cntributin t the prject.
Lking frward t yur respnse!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。2023 年 5 月 30 日神舟十六号发射成功，并将于 11 月返航，要求考生
就校电视台英文频道向学生征集以“中国航天”为主题的原创短视频一事给留学生 Jim 写邮件，邀请他一
起完成短视频，邮件内容包括征集要求，作品初步想法，并询问意向。
【详解】1.词汇积累
现时，当前：currently → presently
强调：highlight → emphasize
成就：accmplishment → achievement
视角，观点：perspective → viewpint
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：As fr ur preliminary ideas, we culd begin the vide with a brief intrductin t the Shenzhu missins,
after which we culd dive deeper int the details f the Shenzhu 16 missin, highlighting its bjectives and
accmplishments.
拓展句：As fr ur preliminary ideas, we culd begin the vide with a brief intrductin t the Shenzhu
missins, and then we culd dive deeper int the details f the Shenzhu 16 missin, which wuld highlight its
bjectives and accmplishments.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】As fr ur preliminary ideas, we culd begin the vide with a brief intrductin t the
Shenzhu missins, after which we culd dive deeper int the details f the Shenzhu 16 missin, highlighting its
bjectives and accmplishments. （运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词 highlighting
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作状语）
【高分句型 2】I believe yur perspective as an internatinal student will bring a unique and valuable cntributin
t the prject.（运用了省略引导词 that 的宾语从句）
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