英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature示范课ppt课件

这是一份英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature示范课ppt课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了课前预习，重点词汇 ，decline，blame，原始的低等的，巨大的特大的，重点短语，源于的原产于，是的栖息地，相比之下等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Sectin BUsing language
1.______________ n.特征，特性 2.______________ v.减少 3.______________ v.责怪，指责；把……归咎于 
characteristic
4. gat n.__________________________5. primitive adj.______________________6. giant adj. ________________________
1. be native t _____________________2. in the end______________________3. be hme t _____________________4. by cntrast _____________________5. up t __________________________
6. 研究 _____________________________7. 被归咎于 _________________________8. 对……有害________________________9. 击退 ______________________________10. 实施；执行；开展 __________________
d research n
be blamed n
be harmful t
Gregr Mendel chse t study pea plants because their characteristics were easy t cntrl.
1.characteristic　2.decline
A. belnging t an early stage in the develpment f humans r animalsB. t think r say that sb/sth is respnsible fr sth badC. t becme smaller，fewer，weaker，etc.D. a typical feature r quality that sth/sb hasE. an animal with hrns and a cat f hair
1. It was the secnd time that Mr Brwn _____________ (visit) Tian′anmen Square. 2. By the end f last mnth，we ____________________ (learn) 3,000 English wrds. 
had visited
had learned/learnt
3. By the time I gt t the airprt，my friend′s plane ____ __________ (take) ff. 4. Befre they _____________ (arrive) there the film had already started. 5. He said he ____________ (wrk) in that factry since 1949. 
1 In sentence (a)，which actin happened first，“suspected” r “evlved frm a cmmn ancestr”?
2 In sentence (b)，which actin happened first，“refused t believe”r“evlved frm lwer frms f life” ?3 What des the structure had dne indicate?
Nw lk fr mre sentences with the past perfect tense in there reading passage，and summarise its use in yur wn wrds.
1 a Natural disasters led t fd shrtages in the 1960s.b Yuan Lngping began t d research n hybrid rice.c Yuan Lngping develped a better type f rice.
Yuan Lngping 1_________ t d research n hybrid rice because natural disasters 2____________ fd shrtages in the 1960s. In the end，he 3_________ a better type f rice.
2 a Gregr Mendel chse t study pea plants because their characteristics were easy t cntrl.b Gregr Mendel made imprtant discveries abut genetics.c Gregr Mendel died in 1884.
Gregr Mendel 4________ study pea plants because their characteristics were easy t cntrl. By the time f his death in 1884，he 5 _______ imprtant discveries abut genetics.
cmpete decline eat live intrduce arrive
Lnesme Gerge was the last Pinta Island trtise. He died in 2012. After Gerge′s death，the Pinta Island trtise was declared extinct.The extinctin f the Pinta Island trtise is blamed n humans. Befre humans 1_______ n the island，the species 2_________ in islatin and 3________ the plants that naturally grew there.
Gerge was discvered many years after their arrival，and by the humans 4________________ new species that 5____________ fr the fd the trtises ate. After gats in particular had been brught t the island，the Pinta Island trtise ppulatin 6_____________. Eventually，nly Gerge remained.
had intrduced
1 Bidiversity is imprtant.2 Bacteria are always harmful t humans.3 Sme species f bacteria are used in fd prductin.4 Many species f bacteria recycle dead rganic matter.5 Our immune systems are able t fight ff all germs.
Nw wrk in pairs. Discuss what yu knw abut cells and bacteria.
Earth is hme t millins f different species. Sme can be very small，like bacteria and viruses, which are s small that we cannt see them with nly ur eyes By cntrast，the largest animal species s far fund n ur planet is the blue whale，which can grw up t almst 30 metres in length and weigh ver 130.000 kils.
The tughest species is prbably the water bear. This tiny rganism can survive temperatures frm 150 ℃ t a belw freezing － 272 ℃. T best survive in their envirnment，each species has develped its wn unique physical characteristics.
Each year，scientists identify arund15.000 new species. Hwever，diversity n ur planet is such，that there are still millins f species n Earth remaining t be discvered.
1 What species are mentined and what is special abut them?2 What ther unusual life frms d yu knw f?
ancestr scientific be native t primitive habitat appearance be hme t ecsystem
The Galápags Islands are renwned wrldwide fr their unique bidiversity. The Giant Trtise Reserve n Santa Cruz 1__________ several species f giant trtise that 2__________ the Galápags Islands.
are native t
The island is als hme t the Charles Darwin Research Statin，where 3__________ studies are carried ut.
Mangrves are ne f the castal plants that grw n Isabela. They serve as the 4_____________ fr varius birds and fish，and are very imprtant t the 5__________.
Iguanas can be fund n San Cristóbal. They have a very special 6____________，with cmb-like spines n their back.
There is evidence that all the different iguanas have develped frm mre 7__________ nes and share a cmmn 8___________.
Nw talk abut what methds yu used t cllect the infrmatin required. Cmpare yur methds with yur partner′s and think abut which methds are mre efficient.
Eg. Sme animals pssess the characteristics f man.有些动物具有人类的特征。The tw species have several characteristics in cmmn.这两个物种有几个共同的特征。
characteristic adj.典型的；特有的；表示特性的characteristically adv.典型地；表示特性地character n.性格；品质；特性；角色
Eg. She spke with characteristic enthusiasm.她说话带着特有的热情。He des have the characteristically brad chin and a big nse.他的宽下巴和大鼻子确实很突出。
(1) 你的角色要做什么?What des yur____________ d?(2) 他的说理方式也是特有的简洁。His line f argument is als ______________ simplistic.
characteristically
(3) 概括介绍我们整合的每一种云的特征。There is an utline f each clud′s ____________ we integrated.
Eg. The gvernment has been widely blamed fr the crisis.政府因这次危机受到广泛指责。The cmpany refused t accept any blame fr the damage.这家公司拒绝为损害承担任何责任。
be t blame fr 为……负责任blameless adj.清白的；无可责备的;无过失的blame sb fr sth 因某事责备某人blame sth n sb 把…怪到…头上，把责任归咎于某人take the blame fr 为……承担责任
Eg. A spkesman said that bad weather was t blame fr the delay.发言人称，延误是由糟糕的天气造成的。I′ll take the blame fr the failure f the prject because I am in charge.我将为这个项目的失败承担责任，因为我是负责人。
(1) Yu can hardly blame Peter __________ being angry with him.(2) N lie was fund in their muths；they were ________ (blame).
(3) Whenever smething ges wrng，everyne blames it ______ me.
句中的 decline 为动词，意为“减少”，此外，还表示“衰落，衰败；婉言谢绝，拒绝”。decline 作名词，意为“减少；下降；衰落”。
Eg. As ne grws lder，his memry declines.人的记忆力随着年龄的增长而衰退。There has been a sharp decline in prfits this year.今年的利润大幅度下降。
in decline 在衰退中n the decline 在衰退中，走下坡路fall int decline 衰落decline t d sth 拒绝做某事decline 从……下降到……
Eg. He declined t answer my questins.他拒绝回答我的问题。The fact is，their ecnmy did nt fall int decline vernight.事实是，他们的经济衰退也不是一夜之间的事。These numbers have been n the decline fr decades.近几十年来，这些数字都在减少。
(1) I _____________________ (拒绝讨论) my dealings with him r anyne.(2) By that pint，ppular interest in the Amazn was __________________ (在衰退).
decline(d)t discuss
n the decline
(3) The intense cmpetitin frm verseas has caused the textile industry t __________________ (衰落).
fall int decline
Eg. These birds are able t survive the freezing weather.这些鸟能够战胜寒冷的天气。The urge t survive drve them n.求生的欲望驱使他们继续努力。
survive sth 从……中幸存下来survive n sth 靠……存活下来survive sb by ...比某人活得长……survivr n.幸存者；生还者survival n.幸存
Eg. They survived n leaves when they were lst.他们迷路时靠吃树叶生存。She survived her husband by 15 years.她比她丈夫多活了15年。
(1) Officials said there were n____________ (survive) in the plane crash.(2) The ____________ (survive) frm the disaster made him live anther six years.
(3) After the traffic accident，n ne __________ (survive) except a few peple wh were badly injured.
Gregr Mendel chse t study pea plants because their characteristics were easy t cntrl.乔治·孟德尔选择研究豌豆植物是因为它们的特性易于控制。
本句中 their characteristics were easy t cntrl 为“主语＋be＋adj. ＋动词不定式”结构，其中动词不定式与主语存在动宾关系。
Eg. Our mdel is easy t perate and maintain. 我们这个型号(的机器)易于操作和保养。
“主语＋be＋adj. ＋动词不定式”结构的用法：
(1)用于该句型的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词，如hard，difficult，pleasant，easy，cmfrtable，interesting等；
Eg. As the ld saying ges，flwers are pleasant t lk at but hard t grw.正如俗话所说，看花容易栽花难。
(2) 动词不定式和句子主语在逻辑上为动宾关系，但不定式用主动形式表示被动意义；当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，要加上适当的介词；
Eg. This village is really cmfrtable t live in. 在这个村子生活真的很舒适。
(3) 不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语，并由 fr 引出；
Eg. The lng sentence is difficult fr yu t remember. 这个长句对你来说很难记。
(1) This new machine is very easy ___________ (perate).(2) The questin is nt very hard fr him _____________ (answer) in a shrt time.
(3) Take care! The thin ice is dangerus t skate _________.(4) The rm is t small and it is nt fit t wrk_________.
1. 过去完成时表示过去的过去，其构成形式是“had＋过去分词”。
2.用法(1)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。 它表示的时间是过去的过去，常与 by last year，by the time f 等连用。He had gne t bed by 10:00 last night.昨晚十点钟之前他已经上床睡觉了。
(2) 表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与fr (后跟过去的时间段)或since (后跟过去的时间点)等连用。
Eg. The train had started when I gt t the statin.当我到达车站时火车已经开走了。
The minute I saw a lady getting ff the bus，I knew it was she，fr I had seen her befre.我一看到正在下公共汽车的那位女士就知道是她，因为我以前见过她。
(1) By the end f＋名词(短语)，主语＋had dne...(2) 主句(had dne)，befre＋过去时间状语
Eg. I had reached the statin befre six ′clck. 六点钟之前我已到达车站。
(3) 用在tld，said，knew，heard，thught 等动词后的宾语从句，表示动作发生在这些动词之前。
Eg. She said that she had never been t Paris. 她说她从未去过巴黎。
(4) By the time ＋从句(did/was/were)，主语＋ had dne...
Eg. By the time we arrived，everyne had received medical care.我们到达时，每个人都已接受了医疗护理。
(5) 主语＋had dne...，befre 从句(did/was/were)
Eg. Frtunately，the peple had left the village befre the vlcan erupted. 幸运的是，火山喷发前人们就已经离开了村庄。
(6) 主语＋had dne...，when 从句 (did/was/were)
Eg. They had already put the fire ut when I returned t the village.当我返回村子时，他们已将大火扑灭。
(7) 主语＋ (did/was/were)，after 从句 (had dne)
Eg. The earthquake happened in the daytime after peple had already left hme fr wrk r schl.地震发生在白天，当时人们已离开家去上班或上学了。
(8)用在 hardly (scarcely，barely) ，n sner ... than... 句型中
Eg. Hardly had I gt hme when the rain pured dwn. 我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。
(9) 用在 It/This/That was the ＋that 从句 (had dne) 中
Eg. It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。
(10) 用在 It was/had been ＋一段时间＋ since 从句 (had dne)中
Eg. It was ten years since we had had such a wnderful time.我们十年都没这么高兴了。
(11) Hpe，plan，mean，expect，intend，suppse，want，think 等动词有时用过去完成时表示一个本来打算做而未做，或曾经设想而未实现的事
Eg. They had wanted t help but culd nt get there in time.他们本想帮忙，但未及时赶到那儿。I had thught that he had died at least twenty years ag.我原以为他至少二十年前就死了。
(12) 用于表示与过去事实相反的 if 虚拟条件句中
Eg. If she had seen yu yesterday，she wuld have tld yu the truth.如果她昨天见过你，她就会告诉你事实的真相了。
(13) 用在 wish 后的宾语从句中，表示与过去事实相反
Eg. I wished that he hadn′t made such a mistake. 我希望他从未犯过这样的错误。
1. His c____________ is very different frm his wife′s. 2. Many wnderful British species have d__________ catastrphically ver the past century. 
3. I think f her gift f frgiveness every time I′m tempted t b_________ smene in a secret fr smething recgnized as wrng. 4. There are many animals including pigs，hens，_______ (山羊) and ducks n the farm and a pub just a 10-minute strll away
5. A p___________ way f making a fire is by rubbing tw stnes tgether. 
1. 我们到的时候，其他客人都已经在那儿了。(by the time) _____________________________________________________________________________________2. 他刚开始说话，观众就打断了他。(n )_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
By the time we arrived，the ther guests had already been there.
N sner had he begun t speak than the audience interrupted him.
3.相比较而言，春季和秋季库存通常会增长。(by cntrast)_________________________________________________4.晚会的费用总计超过了500美元。(add up t)_________________________________________________
In autumn and spring，by cntrast，stcks usually rise.
The cst f the party adds up t mre than 500 dllars.
In the United States ver 25 percent f senir citizens (peple ver 65) live alne. Withut friends and family nearby，senirs are at the risk f 1.___________ (have) depressin (抑郁). 
Many cmmunities are trying t deal with this prblem.
Prvidence Munt St.Vincent，a retirement hme (退休疗养院) near Seattle，Washingtn，has 2.__________ (recent) run a prgram. Over 400 senir citizens live at Prvidence Munt St. Vincent，and ver 40 children frm a few mnths ld 3._________ age five g t day care there. The children spend the day there with the senir citizens while 4._______ (wrker) lk n. 
The prgram has clear advantages. Fr the lder peple，their scial life imprves (改善)；they read t and play games with the children，and encurage 5._________ (they) t d ther activities. This makes the senirs feel 6. _______ (use) and happy，and if they feel happy，their health may imprve. 
The children als get a lt frm the prgram. They have 7.__________ patient grup f peple t play with in a safe envirnment. Sme f the lder peple 8.__________ (be) disabled，and staying with them helps children learn 9.__________ (be) mre understanding f peple with disabilities. 
Nw，there are many prgrams like the ne at Prvidence Munt is believed that even if the very yung and the very ld dn′t have a shared past r future，their shared present can be perfect.