2023-2024学年小升初英语语法讲义18 There be结构 通用版（含答案）

这是一份2023-2024学年小升初英语语法讲义18 There be结构 通用版（含答案），共6页。
Part 1:知识点
There be表示“存在有”，当我们告诉某人某事存在或不存在时，常用这种结构。
There是引导词，本身无意义；be是谓语动词，后面跟名词，这个名词是真正的主语。（there be结构是倒装句的一种）
具体用法：
句型结构
（1）肯定句形式
There is/was+主语（可数名词单数或不可数名词）+时间或地点。
There are/were+主语（可数名词复数）+地点。
【考点】根据there be句型中的主语形式选择be动词的正确形式：当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，be动词用is；当主语是可数名词复数时，be动词用are;当主语是多个名词时，be动词的单复数由离be动词最近的名词决定，也就是There be句型遵循就近原则。
例句：There is a bag n the desk.
There are tw pens n the desk.
There is a pen and tw bks n the desk.
There are tw bks and a pen n the desk.
（2）一般疑问句形式（把be动词提前，句号变问号）
例句：Is there an apple n the tree?
肯定回答：Yes, there is.
否定回答：N, there isn’t.
Are there five pears in the basket?
肯定回答：Yes, there are.
否定回答：N, there aren’t.
【难点】当句子中出现sme，变一般疑问句时，sme要改成any
例句：There is sme water in the bttle.（因为水是不可数名词，所以be动词用is）
改为一般疑问句：Is there any water in the bttle?
（3）特殊疑问句形式
A．对主语进行提问：
当主语是人时：Wh+is+介词短语？
当主语是物时：What+is+介词短语？
【注意】当无论原句的主语时单数还是复数，对其进行提问时，一般都用Be动词的单数形式，回答时要根据实际情况来确定be动词的形式。
B．对地点状语进行提问：Where +be动词+ 主语？
C．对数量进行提问：
可数名词：Hw many +复数名词+are there+介词短语？
例句：Hw many peple are there in the park?
不可数名词：Hw much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？
例句：Hw much milk is there in the cup?
（4）否定句形式：直接在be动词后加nt
【拓展】is nt=isn’t are nt=aren’t
例句：There is nt a knife in the kitchen.
There are nt five apples n the tree.
【注意】句中如果有sme，改为否定句时要变为any
例句：There are sme cws n the farm.----There are nt any cws n the farm.
There is sme water in the bwl.----There is nt any water in the bwl.
Part 2:练习
选词填空。
has have there is there are
1.I _______ a gd father and a gd mther.
2.________ a telescpe n the desk.
3.He _______ a tape-recrder.
4.________ many students in the playgrund.
5.She ________ sme dresses.
单选。
（ ）1.There ______ n tea in the cup.
A.is B.are C.has D.be
（ ）2.There _____ in the next rm.
A.is Tm B.are sme bys C.are they D.is the by
（ ）3.There is sme ______ n the plate.
A.apple B.bread C.banana D.sandwich
（ ）4.There ______ sme paper and a pen n the desk.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
（ ）5.There’s ging t _____ in tmrrw’s newspapers/
A.have smething new B.have new smething
C.be smething new D.be new smething
（ ）6.There is sme milk in the bttle, _____?
A.isn’t there B.aren’t there C.isn’t it D.are there
（ ）7.________ is there n the table?
A.Hw many apples B.Hw much bread
C.Hw much breads D.Hw many fd
（ ）8.There is ______ ld wman in the car.
A./ B.a C.the D.an
（ ）9.There ______ a clck and tw bks n the desk nw.
A.are B.be C.is D.was
（ ）10.There are ______ n the flr.
A.cat B.water C.bxes D.ftball
对划线部分进行提问。
There are many things nver there.
__________________________________________
There is sme juice in the bttle.
__________________________________________
There are five children in the garden.
__________________________________________
There are seven students n the playgrund.
__________________________________________
答案：
一、1.have 2.There is 3.has 4.There are 5.has
二、1-5ABBAC 6-10AADCC
三、
What’s ver there?
Hw much juice is there in the bttle?
Hw many children are there in the garden?
Where are the seven children?