山东省泰安市新泰第一中学老校区（新泰中学）2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试题（含答案）

这是一份山东省泰安市新泰第一中学老校区（新泰中学）2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试题（含答案），共20页。试卷主要包含了06，5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des Jennifer like ding mst in her free time?
A. Ding sprts.
B. Watching TV.
C. Attending a club.
2. Hw des the man g t wrk nw?
A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By car.
3. Where will the wman g next?
A. Shanghai. B. Beijing. C. Xi’an.
4. What des Jenny want t d?
A. Skip supper.
B. Put the tys back later.
C. Help her mther after a while.
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Mike’s childhd. B. Mike’s pets. C. Mike’s favrite animal.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Michelle ding there?
A. Watching a cncert. B. Picking up her sister. C. Buying a birthday gift.
7. What is Michelle?
A. A prfessr. B. A guide. C. A student.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What will Mark d first?
A. Fetch the cake.B. Mve the chairs.C. Blw up ballns.
9. When will the party begin?
A. At 5:00 pm.B. At 7:00 pm.C. At 8:00 pm.
10. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Bss and emplyee.C. Friends.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. Why did Jasn g fishing yesterday?
A. T have fun with family.
B. T relax with clleagues.
C. T d sme research wrk.
12. What kind f fish was caught yesterday?
A. A new species.
B. A fish with a shark-like tail.
C. A fish living n the bttm f the sea.
13. What was the weight f the fish?
A. Abut 70 punds. B. Almst 100 punds. C. Mre than 140 punds.
14. Hw des the wman prbably feel in the end?
A. Cncerned. B. Excited. C. Curius.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. When will the man g t Susan’s huse?
A. On Wednesday.B. On Thursday.C. On Friday.
16. What des Susan ask the man t d?
A. Cut dwn sme trees.
B. Plant sme vegetables.
C. Prepare sme garden beds.
17. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. Over the phne.B. In a garden.C. At the man’s ffice.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What can campers d in the camps?
A. Learn languages and cultures. B. Travel t China. C. Visit Spain.
19. Hw lng d half-day camps last?
A. 3 hurs.B. 4 hurs.C. 5 hurs.
20. Why des the speaker give the talk?
A. T intrduce camps t her students.
B. T advertise the summer camps.
C. T tell campers what t d.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If yu are lking fr smething fun and educatinal t d in Maryland, why nt visit the Maryland Science Center? It is lcated at 601 Light Street, Baltimre, MD 2. The ticket prices vary depending n ages, grups and the exhibits yu chse.
Intrductin
The Maryland Science Center is basically a museum, but it gives everyne a chance t learn thrugh experience and play, rather than just glance at an exhibit.
Activities
Yu can learn abut varius tpics, including uter space, the human bdy, dinsaurs, electricity, marine(海洋的) bilgy, energy, and much mre. Yu can als take part in the interactive activities, such as racing bubbles, digging fr dinsaur fssils, using puzzle pieces t cnstruct cars, and s much mre.
The Davis Planetarium(天文馆)
At the Davis Planetarium, yu can lie back in a chair and lk at the stars while still inside the Science Center. The stars will appear n the ceiling f the theatre as yu watch them.
There are different shws t catch at the Davis Planetarium. Yu can learn abut the galaxy and astrnmy during the Dark Matters shw. Learn abut the stars and planets during the Sky Live shw. The One Wrld One Sky shw allws children t explre the stars. The Live frm the Sun shw will teach yu all abut the ht sun.
The Kids Rm
Fr children, they can’t miss the Kids Rm. They will be able t play in a water area, cnstruct dams and water twers, push buttns, ring drbells, build with blcks, and mre, and definitely they will learn a lt. In additin, there is als an area fr kids f tw years ld and under, where they can crawl, walk and explre safely with sft tys.
21．What d we knw abut the Maryland Science Center?
A．It charges different prices fr parents and Children.
B．It is regarded as the mst ppular museum in Maryland.
C．It is a museum where there are many famus exhibitins.
D．It is mainly designed fr children and their families t play tgether.
22．If yu want t knw why the sun shines, which shw shuld yu chse?
A．Dark Matters.B．Live frm the Sun.
C．One Wrld One Sky.D．Sky Live.
23．What can we learn abut the Kids Rm frm the passage?
A．It is designed fr parents wh have children.
B．It prvides a gd pprtunity fr parents t relax.
C．Children there need t be accmpanied by their parents.
D．It is a gd place fr children t learn and play at the same time.
B
Staffan Lindeberg is a prfessr in the department f medicine at the University f Lund in Sweden. He was interested in a Stne Age diet. In the early 1990s he travelled t Papua New Guinea t study the diet f the peple n the island f Kitava as it was very clse t the Stne Age diet. While there, he fund that peple did nt suffer frm heart attacks, diabetes (糖尿病), being verweight and many ther diseases cmmn in western cuntries.
As a result f his findings, he decided t test patients in Sweden t see hw such a diet wuld affect them. Furteen patients fllwed a Stne Age diet while anther fifteen fllwed a Mediterranean diet, als healthy with lts f fruit and vegetables. All f the patients in the tests had high bld sugar levels, mst suffered frm diabetes and all had heart prblems.
At the end f three mnths, the grup fllwing the Mediterranean diet had reduced their bld sugar levels by a small amunt but thse fllwing the Stne Age diet had much lwer levels f sugar in their bld. The patients in bth grups als lst weight althugh the level f sugar in the bld and the patients’ weight didn’t seem t be related.
S, what is it abut the Stne Age diet that can make us healthier? The diet cntains sme meat, fish, vegetables and nuts (坚果) but it desn’t cntain any dairy prducts (乳制品) r grains, and there is n salt.
The next questin is whether the Kitava peple are healthier than us. After all, their life expectancy (预期寿命) is much lwer. Accrding t Prfessr Lindeberg, this is nt as simple as we may think. Because f their pr health care, there is mre chance f them dying at a yung age. Hwever, if peple n Kitava manage t reach fifty, they are likely t live as lng as peple in mre develped cuntries.
24．What did Staffan Lindeberg find abut the Kitava peple n the island f Kitava?
A．They fllwed the Stne Age diet.
B．They lived a simple life.
C．They had n diseases cmmn in western cuntries.
D．They had pr medical cnditins.
25．What did the tests in Sweden shw?
A．The Stne Age diet culd help peple lse weight quickly.
B．High bld sugar levels culd cause peple t be verweight.
C．The Mediterranean diet culd nt help reduce bld sugar levels.
D．Peple fllwing the Stne Age diet had a lw bld sugar level.
26．What did the Stne Age diet did nt cntain?
A．Vegetables.B．Salt.C．Meat.D．Fish.
27．Why is Kitava peple’s life expectancy lw?
A．They have unhealthy eating habits.
B．Their living cnditins are pr.
C．They dn’t have gd health care.
D．They tend t suffer frm a rare disease at a yung age.
C
When archaelgists examined a cave in Grtta dei Mscerini in 1949, they fund 171 examples f tls made frm clam shells. At that time, hwever, it wasn’t clear whether the shells had been picked up frm a beach r surced alive frm the water.
A team f researchers led by Pala Villa, an archaelgist at the University f Clrad Bulder, recently revisited the cllectin f shell tls and fund new details. Mst f the shell tls had wrn surfaces, which ne wuld expect were frm dry shells picked ff a beach. But nearly a quarter f the clam shells had shiny, smth surfaces -typical f shells picked alive frm the seaflr. Villa and her clleagues cncluded that diving fr clams might have been a rutine part f Neanderthal life in this regin. Fishing and using castal resurces were thught t be unique behavirs t mdern humans, but Neanderthals culd perfectly d that.
Archaelgical evidence has changed ur image f Neanderthals in the last cuple f decades. Later, mre researchers came t the place where the shell tls were fund. But it was n lnger accessible because it was buried under rcks that were blwn frm the side f the hill during the cnstructin f a castal highway in the early 1970s. “Re-excavating the site will nt be easy at all,” said Villa. And right nw the team has n plans t try.
The prejudice against Neanderthal abilities may simply be due t a lack f widespread archaelgical evidence. Unfrtunately, the castal sites that might help supprt the case f Neanderthal beach activities are hardly seen, and many are nw underwater. During the time that Neanderthals and humans shared the planet, the climate was much clder and ice sheets stretched ver larger parts f the Eurpean cntinent. But at the end f the last ice age, frm abut 19,000 t abut 6,000 years ag, sea levels rse arund the wrld by abut 400 feet, swallwing the nce campsites f prehistry n the shres f the cean.
28．What were archaelgists unsure f the shells fr making tls?
A．Their value.B．Their functins.C．Their rigin.D．Their raw materials.
29．What is Pala and her clleagues’ new finding abut Neanderthals?
A．They were skilled tlmakers. B．They built their caves near water.
C．They were capable f using sea resurces.D．They lived n cllecting clams n the beach.
30．What made the Grtta dei Mscerini site difficult t restre?
A．Natural disasters.B．Careless human activities.
C．Preservatin f the site.D．Underdevelped technlgy.
31．What’s the authr’s purpse fr writing the last paragraph?
A．T stress the lng histry f Neanderthals.
B．T tell Neanderthals’ clse relatin with mdern humans.
C．T shw the influence f climate change n Neanderthals.
D．T explain the cause f underestimating Neanderthals’ civilizatin.
D
Despite advances in technlgy, many cmpanies still plan rutes fr their delivery vehicles the same way they did a decade ag. Managrs create rutes the day befre, and then hand printuts t drivers t fllw r imprt them int the hand-hld devices. But when drivers get stuck in traffic jams while n their runds, they’re simply ut f luck and behind schedule. The same thing happens if there’s a surprise snwstrm that makes rads impassable.
Wise Systems, a Bstn start-up, is dealing with this age-ld prblem by pairing machine learning with data cllected frm drivers’ mbile phnes. It deals with infrmatin like the driver’s driving speed and lcatin with ther details including traffic, weather, where the rders are being delivered, and when custmers are available t receive their rders.
What emerges is a delivery jurney that can be tweaked depending n any prblems that cme up. If the technlgy determines that a driver will miss a scheduled stp because f rad clsures, fr example, it will change the schedule fr the entire day. If that’s nt pssible, the driver will receive reminders n his r her mbile phne as a nt-s-hidden clue t pick up the pace.
The gal f the technlgy is t create rutes that allw drivers t wrk mre quickly and effectively, which cmpanies put mre and mre effrt int nw as they fight fr custmers wh expect their rders almst immediately. By ding s, cmpanies can save mney by increasing the number f deliveries that drivers can make during shifts and make custmers happier by raising the likelihd that their rders will arrive n time, r be delivered by the driver they prefer.
32．What is the authr’s attitude twards the cmmnly used delivery rutes?
A．Cnfident.B．Uncertain.C．Negative.D．Apprving.
33．What des the underlined wrd “tweaked” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Mnitred.B．Stpped.C．Adjusted.D．Predicted.
34．What is becming increasingly imprtant fr cmpanies?
A．Order vlume.B．Custmer satisfactin.
C．Decrease in csts.D．Increase in efficiency.
35．What is the purpse f the passage?
A．T advise a cmpany.B．T intrduce a new technlgy.
C．T cmpare different rute plans.D．T discuss prblems with delivery.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyne wants t make an existing friendship strnger. If yu regularly cmmunicate and take prper steps t be a supprtive friend, yu can vercme any misunderstanding and maintain (保持) yur friendship fr the lng run. ____36____
Text them regularly
When yu see r experience smething that reminds yu f yur friends, send them a text t let them knw that yu are thinking abut them. ____37____ Ask them questins abut hw they are ding and if there’s anything interesting ging n in their lives. Calling and texting are great ways t keep in tuch, but spending time with the persn is an even better way t grw a bnd.
Offer yur help when they need it
If yu hear that yur friends are ging thrugh a bard time r they seem dwn and depressed, ask them hw they are ding. Give them a call r talk t them in persn and ask them hw yu can help. Usually yu can’t slve their prblem. ____38____
____39____
Gift giving isn’t always necessary in a friendship. ____40____ Get gifts fr yur friends n special ccasins, like their birthday and anniversary. Yu can als get gifts fr yur friends when they are ging thrugh a tugh time.
Value yur friendship and be there fr yur friends during their ups and dwns.
A．Share unfrgettable mments
B．Shw yur heart with ccasinal gifts
C．There are ways t strengthen yur bnd.
D．Call yur friends when yu have free time t talk.
E．N cntact fr a lng time causes misunderstanding.
F．It will let yur friend knw that yu’re thinking abut them.
G．But yu can still prvide supprt by listening t what they are ging thrugh.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As French authr Andre Mauris nce said, “Withut a family, man, alne in the wrld, shakes with the cld. ” Indeed, families wh give us lve and ____41____ are an imprtant part f ur lives. But even in a lving family, ____42____ can’t be avided.
One day, I was ding my hmewrk and my sister ____43____. Busy with hmewrk, I didn’t talk t her and just kept wrking: But when I tk a ____44____, I turned my head t the place where my sister was sitting. ____45____, I fund my ntebk had a lt f messy drawings n it.
At that time, I was full f ____46____ and walked ut f my rm, shuting at my sister. “Yu are really a____47____and I hate yu. ” Hearing the wrds, my sister ____48____ ut crying and tried t explain her behavir. But I ____49____ since I didn’t want t hear a wrd frm her. The ____50____ afterward lasted fr a lng time ____51____ us. T slve the prblem, my father brught me t the living rm and asked: “Have yu nticed what the drawing is n yur ntebk?”
I shk my head. Then, under the ____52____f my father, I lked at it carefully, it ____53____, “Happy birthday”. At that mment, I knew hw ____54____ I was. Thugh drawing n my ntebk wasn’t right, my sister’s lve and ____55____ were sincere. Feeling guilty, I said srry t my sister. Instead f staying angry, she smiled back at me.
41．A．wisdmB．truthC．sulD．warmth
42．A．misunderstandingsB．expectatinsC．cmpetitinsD．dislikes
43．A．leftB．enteredC．ledD．met
44．A．testB．taskC．textD．rest
45．A．FrtunatelyB．DisappintinglyC．ShckinglyD．Thankfully
46．A．angerB．hungerC．anxietyD．sadness
47．A．strytellerB．huse-cleanerC．trublemakerD．perfrmer
48．A．burstB．burntC．breD．beat
49．A．amusedB．refusedC．allwedD．turned
50．A．quarrelB．fightC．lectureD．silence
51．A．amngB．withinC．againstD．between
52．A．requirementB．respnseC．rewardD．judgement
53．A．spkeB．tldC．saidD．talked
54．A．inaccessibleB．incnsiderateC．inactiveD．invisible
55．A．extensinsB．intentinsC．awarenessD．admissin
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shenzhu XIII taiknauts’ six-mnth stay at the Tiangng space statin is wrapping up. Nw they face ne last test f their scientific and space travel skills—returning hme safely. What needs t be dne befre leaving ____56____ space statin in mid-April?
Besides their persnal ____57____(belng), astrnauts als need t “pack” experimental data and samples, s they can be further researched n Earth. And they have t tidy up a large number f materials, ____58____(include) gds n the Tianzhu 3 carg (货物) spacecraft.
Since the space statin has n rm service, the three astrnauts need t “clean the huse”____59____(they). The waste is then put int the rbital mdule, which burns as it re-enters Earth’s atmsphere.
They als have t put all equipment ____60____ place crrectly since there will be a gap f mre than ne mnth ____61____ the astrnauts f Shenzhu XIV enter the space statin. The crew members need t make sure sme items, such as gym equipment, ____62____(fix) t the walls t avid flating and slipping.
Astrnauts experience micrgravity (微重力) fr lng perids f time during their stays n the space statin, ____63____ has an effect n their bdies. This includes a lss f fluid, muscle atrphy as well as bne lss. ____64____(ensure) their safe and sund return, the three taiknauts have been ding physical exercises t train their muscle fr the return t Earth. ____65____(base) n their in-rbit physical examinatins and data, experts have custmized (定制) exercise plans fr each f them.
Just like a huse that will be empty fr a lng time must have its water and pwer switched ff, taiknauts need t check everything befre they leave.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66．假定你是学生会主席李华，目前发现许多人忽视传统节日的传承，为此你决定向全校同学发起以“保护传统节日”为主题的倡议书，内容要点包括：
1.对待传统节日存在的问题；
2.保护传统节日的意义及行动；
3.提出倡议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
67．阅读下面短文，根据所给其内容和所给的段落开头语续写成两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
Bys like t be cnsidered t be brave, but what kind f things can be cnsidered t be brave? It is nt a questin that can be answered by wrds, but by the actual deed. A by with the name Henry gave us a gd example. Rnny and Henry were tw friends in the same class. One day as Rnny and Henry were ging hme after schl, they saw sme peple fighting in the street cmer. Rnny said excitedly, “Sme peple are fighting! Let’s g and have a lk!” But Henry refused. “It’s nne f ur business. We’d better g hme and dn’t get clse t them. Als ur parents are expecting t have dinner with us tgether at hme and I dn’t want them t wrry abut me.”
“Yu are a cward, and afraid t g.” said Rnny, and ff he ran t the spt with sme ther bys. Henry had t g hme alne and didn’t think abut it anymre. But Rnny thught Henry was a cward and tld all the bys that. They laughed at him a great deal. Frm then n, they lked dwn upn Henry and didn’t want t play with him. Henry was sad but he wasn’t angry with Rnny fr his rude behavir, because he had learned that true curage was shwn mst in bearing misunderstanding when it was nt deserved, and that he ught t be afraid f nthing but ding wrng. Thus, he just ignred the ther bys’ laughter.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1: A few days later, smething terrible happened t Rnny.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: At that mment, Henry happened t pass by.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
高一英语下第二次大单元考试答案
1—5 ACCBB 6—10 CCABC 11—15 CBCAB 16—20 CAAAB
21．A 22．B 23．D
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个既有乐趣又有教育意义的场所——马里兰科学中心。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“The ticket prices vary depending n ages, grups and the exhibits yu chse.(票价因年龄、团体和展品不同而不同。)”可知父母和儿童的票价不一样，故选A项。
22．推理判断题。根据The Davis Planetarium(天文馆)中第二段的“The Live frm the Sun shw will teach yu all abut the ht sun.(The Live frm the Sun将会告诉你关于太阳的一切。)”可知如果你想知道为什么太阳会发光，应该选择Live frm the Sun.，故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fr children, they can’t miss the Kids Rm. They will be able t play in a water area, cnstruct dams and water twers, push buttns, ring drbells, build with blcks, and mre, and definitely they will learn a lt. In additin, there is als an area fr kids f tw years ld and under, where they can crawl, walk and explre safely with sft tys.(对于孩子们，不能错过的是儿童房。 他们可以在水域玩耍，建造水坝和水塔，按钮，环形门铃，用积木建造等等，当然，他们还会学到很多东西。 此外，还有一个供两岁及两岁以下儿童使用的区域，他们可以在其中使用毛绒玩具安全地爬行，行走和探索。)”可知The Kids Rm是一个让孩子们既可以学习又可以玩耍的好地方。故选D项。
24．C 25．D 26．B 27．C
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项关于石器时代饮食习惯的研究，研究发现，该时代的饮食习惯有利于减少一些疾病发生的风险。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“While there, he fund that peple did nt suffer frm heart attacks, diabetes (糖尿病), being verweight and many ther diseases cmmn in western cuntries. (在那里，他发现那里的人没有心脏病发作、糖尿病、体重超重或许多其他西方国家常见的疾病)”可知，基塔瓦人没有西方国家常见的疾病。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“At the end f three mnths, the grup fllwing the Mediterranean diet had reduced their bld sugar levels by a small amunt but thse fllwing the Stne Age diet had much lwer levels f sugar in their bld. (三个月后，遵循地中海饮食习惯的小组血糖水平略有下降，但遵循石器时代饮食习惯的小组血糖水平要低得多)”可知，遵循石器时代饮食习惯的人血糖水平低。故选D项。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句中的“The diet cntains sme meat, fish, vegetables and nuts (坚果) but it desn’t cntain any dairy prducts (乳制品) r grains, and there is n salt. (这种饮食包括一些肉、鱼、蔬菜和坚果，但不含任何乳制品或谷物，也不含盐)”可知，石器时代的饮食中没有盐。故选B项。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段的第四句“Because f their pr health care, there is mre chance f them dying at a yung age. (由于他们的卫生保健水平落后，他们年轻时死亡的可能性更大)”可知，基塔瓦人寿命不长的原因在于卫生保健条件不好。故选C项。
28．C 29．C 30．B 31．D
这是一篇说明文。1949年，当考古学家检查Grtta dei Mscerini的一个洞穴时，他们发现了171件由蛤壳制成的工具。然而，当时还不清楚这些贝壳是从海滩上捡来的，还是从水中捡来的。如今研究团队最近重新研究了贝壳工具的收藏，并发现了新的细节，文章主要介绍了研究的发现和意义。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“At that time, hwever, it wasn’t clear whether the shells had been picked up frm a beach r surced alive frm the water.(然而，当时还不清楚这些贝壳是从海滩上捡来的，还是从水中捡来的)”可知，考古学家不确定用这些贝壳是来制造工具的起源。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Villa and her clleagues cncluded that diving fr clams might have been a rutine part f Neanderthal life in this regin. Fishing and using castal resurces were thught t be unique behavirs t mdern humans, but Neanderthals culd perfectly d that.( Villa和她的同事得出结论，潜水寻找蛤蜊可能是这一地区尼安德特人生活的常规部分。捕鱼和利用沿海资源被认为是现代人特有的行为，但尼安德特人完全可以做到这一点)”可知，Pala和她的同事们关于尼安德特人的新发现是他们有能力利用海洋资源。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But it was n lnger accessible because it was buried under rcks that were blwn frm the side f the hill during the cnstructin f a castal highway in the early 1970s.(但由于它被埋在20世纪70年代初修建沿海高速公路时从山的一侧吹来的岩石下，现在已无法进入)”可知，粗心的人类活动让Grtta dei Mscerini遗址难以恢复。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The prejudice against Neanderthal abilities may simply be due t a lack f widespread archaelgical evidence. Unfrtunately, the castal sites that might help supprt the case f Neanderthal beach activities are hardly seen, and many are nw underwater. During the time that Neanderthals and humans shared the planet, the climate was much clder and ice sheets stretched ver larger parts f the Eurpean cntinent. But at the end f the last ice age, frm abut 19,000 t abut 6,000 years ag, sea levels rse arund the wrld by abut 400 feet, swallwing the nce campsites f prehistry n the shres f the cean.(对尼安德特人能力的偏见可能只是由于缺乏广泛的考古证据。不幸的是，可能有助于证明尼安德特人在海滩上活动的沿海遗址几乎看不到，而且许多现在都在水下。在尼安德特人和人类共享地球的时期，气候更冷，冰盖覆盖了欧洲大陆的大部分地区。但在上一个冰河时代的末期，从大约19000年到大约6000年前，世界各地的海平面上升了大约400英尺，吞噬了海洋岸边曾经的史前露营地)”可推知，作者写最后一段的目的是解释低估尼安德特人文明的原因。故选D。
32．C 33．C 34．D 35．B
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了波士顿的一家初创公司Wise Systems正通过将机器学习与从司机手机收集的数据配对来解决原始配送路线存在的一些问题。介绍了这项技术的一些优势以及给公司带来的好处。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But when drivers get stuck in traffic jams while n their runds, they’re simply ut f luck and behind schedule. The same thing happens if there’s a surprise snwstrm that makes rads impassable.(但是，当司机在开车时遇到交通堵塞时，他们只是运气不好，落后于计划。如果有一场突如其来的暴风雪使道路无法通行，也会发生同样的情况)”可推知，作者对常用的配送路线持消极态度。故选C。
33．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“depending n any prblems that cme up”以及第三段中“If the technlgy determines that a driver will miss a scheduled stp because f rad clsures, fr example, it will change the schedule fr the entire day.”可知，例如，如果该技术确定驾驶员将因道路封闭而错过预定的停车点，它将改变一整天的时间表，可见该交付过程可以根据出现的任何问题进行调整。故画线词意思是“调整”。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The gal f the technlgy is t create rutes that allw drivers t wrk mre quickly and effectively, which cmpanies put mre and mre effrt int nw as they fight fr custmers wh expect their rders almst immediately. By ding s, cmpanies can save mney by increasing the number f deliveries that drivers can make during shifts and make custmers happier by raising the likelihd that their rders will arrive n time, r be delivered by the driver they prefer.(这项技术的目标是创建路线，使司机能够更快、更有效地工作，而现在，随着公司为那些几乎马上就能收到订单的客户而努力，他们也越来越努力。通过这样做，公司可以通过增加司机在轮班时可以交付的数量来节省资金，并通过提高订单准时到达或由他们喜欢的司机交付的可能性来让客户更开心)”可推知，提高效率对公司越来越重要。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段“Wise Systems, a Bstn start-up, is dealing with this age-ld prblem by pairing machine learning with data cllected frm drivers’ mbile phnes. It deals with infrmatin like the driver’s driving speed and lcatin with ther details including traffic, weather, where the rders are being delivered, and when custmers are available t receive their rders. (波士顿的一家初创公司Wise Systems正通过将机器学习与从司机手机收集的数据配对来解决这一古老的问题。它处理诸如驾驶员行驶速度和位置等信息，以及其他详细信息，包括交通、天气、订单交付地点以及客户何时可以收到订单)”结合文章主要说明了波士顿的一家初创公司Wise Systems正通过将机器学习与从司机手机收集的数据配对来解决原始配送路线存在的一些问题。介绍了这项技术的一些优势以及给公司带来的好处。可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍新技术。故选B。
36．C 37．D 38．G 39．B 40．F
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了可以克服误解并维持友谊的三种方法。
36．上文“If yu regularly cmmunicate and take prper steps t be a supprtive friend, yu can vercme any misunderstanding and maintain yur friendship fr the lng run.(如果你经常沟通并采取适当措施成为一个给予帮助的朋友，你可以克服任何误解，并长期维持友谊。)”说明沟通和采取适当措施可以克服误解，长期维持友谊，C项“有很多方法可以加强你们之间的联系。”说明有很多可以采取的方法，符合题意，引出下文的措施。故选C。
37．下文“Calling and texting are great ways t keep in tuch, but spending time with the persn is an even better way t grw a bnd.(打电话和发短信是保持联系的好方法，但花时间和对方在一起是增进联系的更好方法。)”说明打电话和发短信是保持联系的好方法，上文“When yu see r experience smething that reminds yu f yur friends, send them a text t let them knw that yu are thinking abut them.(当你看到或经历一些让你想起朋友的事情时，给他们发一条短信，让他们知道你在想他们。)”说明可以采用发短信的方法，所以空处应介绍打电话这种方法，D项“有空的时候给你的朋友打电话。”符合题意。故选D。
38．上文“Give them a call r talk t them in persn and ask them hw yu can help. Usually yu can’t slve their prblem. (给他们打个电话或亲自与他们交谈，问他们你能提供什么帮助。通常你无法解决他们的问题。)”说明要与朋友交谈，询问你能提供什么帮助，这样做通常无法解决他们的问题，G项“但你仍然可以通过倾听他们的经历来提供支持。”与上文形成转折关系，说明倾听可以提供帮助，符合题意。故选G。
39．下文“Gift giving isn’t always necessary in a friendship.(在友谊中，送礼并不总是必要的。)”说明在友谊中可以送礼物，但是送礼物不总是必要的，B项“偶尔送些礼物来表达你的心意”可以作为本段标题句，符合题意。故选B。
40．上文“Gift giving isn’t always necessary in a friendship.(在友谊中，送礼并不总是必要的。)”说明送礼物并不总是必要的，以及下文“Get gifts fr yur friends n special ccasins, like their birthday and anniversary. Yu can als get gifts fr yur friends when they are ging thrugh a tugh time.(在特殊场合，比如生日和周年纪念日，给朋友买礼物。当你的朋友正经历一段艰难时期时，你也可以给他们买礼物。)”说明可以在特殊场合送礼物给朋友，所以空处应说明送礼物是有益处的，F项“这会让你的朋友知道你在想他们。”符合题意。故选F。
41．D 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．C 46．A 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．D
51．D 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．B
这是一篇记叙文，本文通过作者和妹妹之间发生的小插曲说明家庭给人带来的温暖。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：的确，给予我们爱和温暖的家庭是我们生活中重要的一部分。A. wisdm智慧；B. truth真理；C. sul灵魂；D. warmth温暖。根据上文“Withut a family, man, alne in the wrld, shakes with the cld.(没有家庭的人，孤独地生活在这个世界上，冷得发抖)”及本句中的“Indeed”可知，本句是同意上文的观点，家庭给我们爱和温暖。故选D项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但即使在一个充满爱的家庭，误解也无法避免。A. misunderstandings误解，误会；B. expectatins期待；C. cmpetitins竞争，比赛；D. dislikes不喜欢，反感。下文的故事里作者就与妹妹发生了误会，所以此处指即使在有爱的家庭里，“误会”也是难免的。故选A项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我正在做作业，我妹妹进来了。A. left离开；B. entered进入；C. led引领，带路；D. met遇见。根据下文“Busy with hmewrk, I didn’t talk t her and just kept wrking(忙于作业，我没有和她说话，只是继续写作业)”可知，作者在写作业时妹妹进来了。故选B项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当我休息的时候，我转过头去看我妹妹坐的地方。A. test测验，考试；B. task任务；C. text文本，正文；D. rest休息（时间）。上文提到作者忙于写作业，结合下文“I turned my head t the place where my sister was sitting”可知，由于作者忙于写作业没有理妹妹，只有在“休息”的时候才看向妹妹刚才待的地方。故选D项。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，我发现我的笔记本上有很多乱七八糟的图画。A. Frtunately幸运地；B. Disappintingly失望地；C. Shckingly 令人震惊地；D. Thankfully感激地。通过后面一句“I fund my ntebk had a lt f messy drawings n it”可知，作者的笔记本上被妹妹乱涂乱画，这件事令作者吃惊。故选C项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，我充满了愤怒，走出我的房间，对我的妹妹大喊大叫。A. anger愤怒；B. hunger饥饿；C. anxiety焦虑；D. sadness悲伤。根据“shuting at my sister”可知，此时的作者应该是充满了愤怒。故选A项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你真是个惹麻烦的人，我讨厌你。A. stryteller讲故事的人；B. huse-cleaner打扫房间的人；C. trublemaker惹麻烦的人；D. perfrmer表演者。根据上文妹妹在作者的笔记本上乱涂乱画及空后“I hate yu”可知，作者责骂妹妹是“惹麻烦的人”。故选C项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到这些话，我妹妹大哭起来，试图解释她的行为。A. burst爆炸，突然出现，突然发生；B. burnt燃烧，烧坏；C. bre忍受；D. beat敲，击，击败。结合语境及“Hearing the wrds”可知，妹妹听到作者的话突然大哭起来，burst ut crying突然大哭起来。故选A项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我拒绝了，因为我不想听她说一个字。A. amused逗乐，逗笑；B. refused拒绝；C. allwed允许；D. turned翻转。根据“since I didn’t want t hear a wrd frm her”可知，作者拒绝听妹妹解释。故选B项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：之后我们之间沉默了很长时间。A. quarrel争吵；B. fight斗争，打斗；C. lecture讲座；D. silence沉默。根据语境可知，作者不想听妹妹的解释，于是两人之间有了长时间的“沉默”。故选D项。
51．考查介词词义辨析。句意：之后我们之间沉默了很长时间。A. amng在……当中；B. within在……之内； C. against反对；D. between在……中间。此处指作者和妹妹之间，两人之间用介词between。故选D项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，在爸爸的要求下，我仔细地看着它，它写着：“生日快乐”。A. requirement要求；B. respnse反应，响应；C. reward奖励，回报；D. judgement评价。结合语境可知，此处指在爸爸的“要求”下，作者认真地看了妹妹的画。故选A项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在爸爸的要求下，我仔细地看着它，它写着：“生日快乐”。A. spke说，演讲；B. tld告诉；C. said说；D. talked谈论。空后“Happy birthday”是画的内容，画上“说道，写道”都用say，其他选项没有此意。故选C项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我知道自己是多么不善解人意。A. inaccessible难到达的，难懂的；B. incnsiderate不体贴的，不善解人意的；C. inactive不活跃的；D. invisible不可见的。根据文章内容及下文“Thugh drawing n my ntebk wasn’t right, my sister’s lve and ____15____ were sincere.”可知，此时作者才意识到自己多么“不善解人意”。故选B项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然在我的笔记本上画画不对，但我妹妹的爱和意图是真诚的。A. extensins延申，扩展；B. intentins意图，目的；C. awareness意识；D. admissin承认，进入权。结合语境可知，虽然妹妹的做法不对，但其用意是真诚的。故选B项。
56．the57．belngings58．including59．themselves60．in61．befre62．are fixed
63．which 64．T ensure 65．Based
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三位宇航员在离开中国空间站前需要做的事情。
56．考查冠词。句意：在4月中旬离开空间站之前需要做什么?此处特指中国的空间站，应用定冠词the修饰名词space。故填the。
57．考查名词。句意：除了个人物品，宇航员还需要“打包”实验数据和样本，以便在地球上进行进一步研究。空处应填名词作besides的宾语，belnging“所有物”符合题意，可数名词，常用复数形式。故填belngings。
58．考查介词。句意：他们必须整理大量的物资，包括天舟3号货运飞船上的货物。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应填介词including，表示“包括”。故填including。
59．考查反身代词。句意：由于空间站没有客房服务，这三名宇航员需要自己“打扫房间”。结合句意表示“他们亲自”应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
60．考查介词。句意：他们还必须将所有设备正确地放置到位，因为神舟十四号的宇航员进入空间站之前将有一个多月的时间间隔。结合句意表达“在适当的位置”用in place。故填in。
61．考查连词。句意：他们还必须将所有设备正确地放置到位，因为神舟十四号的宇航员进入空间站之前将有一个多月的时间间隔。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用befre“在……之前”引导时间状语从句，指“宇航员进入空间站之前一个多月”。故填befre。
62．考查时态和语态。句意：工作人员需要确保一些物品，如健身器材，被固定在墙上，以避免漂浮和滑动。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词need判断为一般现在时，主语items和fix之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are fixed。
63．考查定语从句。句意：宇航员在空间站停留期间长时间处于微重力状态，这对他们的身体有影响。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为上文整个句子，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保他们的安全和健康返回，三名宇航员一直在进行体育锻炼，以训练他们的肌肉，以便返回地球。结合句意和句子结构可知，空处为目的状语，应用不定式。故填T ensure。
65．考查形容词作状语。句意：专家们根据在轨体检结果和数据，为他们制定了健身计划。be based n“以……为基础，基于……”，此处省略be用形容词作状语。故填Based。
66．Dear fellw students,
As we all knw, western festivals are getting mre and mre ppular while ur traditinal nes are gradually ignred. Faced with the urgent situatin, it is time fr us t take actin t prtect ur traditinal festivals.
First f all, awareness f prtecting ur festivals shuld be enhanced as they are abslutely part f ur culture. Besides, there is n dubt that they are the essence f culture, reflecting the wisdm f ur ancestrs. Last but nt least, in rder t spread the ppularity f traditinal festivals, heated atmsphere shuld be created t attract mre peple t celebrate them willingly.
I sincerely call n every ne f yu t bserve ur traditinal festivals prudly.
The Students Unin
本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是学生会主席李华，目前发现许多人忽视传统节日的传承，为此你决定向全校同学发起以“保护传统节日”为主题的倡议书。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
本质：essence→nature
乐意：willingly→gladly
此外：besides→additinally
号召：call n→appeal t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last but nt least, in rder t spread the ppularity f traditinal festivals, heated atmsphere shuld be created t attract mre peple t celebrate them willingly.
拓展句：Last but nt least, heated atmsphere shuld be created t attract mre peple t celebrate them willingly s that we can spread the ppularity f traditinal festivals.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] As we all knw, western festivals are getting mre and mre ppular while ur traditinal nes are gradually ignred. (运用了as引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Last but nt least, in rder t spread the ppularity f traditinal festivals, heated atmsphere shuld be created t attract mre peple t celebrate them willingly. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
67．Paragraph 1:
A few days later, smething terrible happened t Rnny. That afternn after schl, Rnny was bathing with sme f his new friends in the river happily. Suddenly, he was stuck in the mud and culdn’t get ut. He struggled hard but he was still trapped. He screamed fr help, but all in vain. The bys wh had called Henry a cward gt ut f the water as fast as they culd. They were s scared and did nt even try t help him.
Paragraph 2:
At that mment, Henry happened t pass by. He heard the screams and ran t the river as sn as pssible. Seeing Rnny was almst drwned, Henry tk ff his clthes immediately and jumped int the water withut any hesitatin. He reached Rnny just as he was sinking the last time. With great effrts, and with much danger t himself, he brught Rnny t the shre in time. Henry was happy t help his friend, thugh he was extremely tired.
【解析】
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了罗尼和亨利是同班同学也是好朋友。一天放学回家，罗尼看到有人在打架，想去看看，被亨利拒绝后，罗尼便和班上的其他几个人一起去了，最后在班上到处说亨利是懦夫。但是有一天，罗尼遇到了非常可怕的事情，这个时候，班上的其他小伙伴都因为害怕而弃他而去，只有亨利勇敢地站出来，帮助罗尼脱离了困境。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几天后，罗尼身上发生了可怕的事情。”可知，第一段可描写罗尼遇到了什么样的困境，他的新伙伴们都是什么反应。
②由第二段首句内容“这时，亨利正好经过。”可知，第二段可描写亨利是如何不惧困难将罗尼最终救出困境的。
2.续写线索：罗尼和班上的新朋友在河里洗澡——陷进泥里拼命挣扎——新朋友们都非常害怕跑掉了——亨利经过——亨利脱下衣服跳进河里——救下罗尼
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.陷入：be stuck in / be caught in
②.大声叫：screamed / shriek / cry
③.脱掉：tk ff / peel ff / strip ff
情绪类
①.开心：happily / delightedly
②.害怕：scared / frightened
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. The bys wh had called Henry a cward gt ut f the water as fast as they culd.（运用了wh引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. Seeing Rnny was almst drwned, Henry tk ff his clthes immediately and jumped int the water withut any hesitatin.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型3]. Henry was happy t help his friend, thugh he was extremely tired.（运用了thugh引导的让步状语从句）