所属成套资源:人教版新九年级英语暑假讲义(学生版+解析)
新九年级英语暑假讲义(人教版)第09讲定语从句-(学生版+解析)
展开
这是一份新九年级英语暑假讲义(人教版)第09讲定语从句-(学生版+解析),共21页。学案主要包含了学习目标,基础知识,考点剖析,真题演练,过关检测等内容,欢迎下载使用。
1.理解定语从句的含义
2.认识定语从句的功能和作用
3.掌握五个关系代词和三个关系副词的用法
【基础知识】
一、定语从句(一):
1、含义:
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的,当定语的从句叫定语从句。
2、分类
定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
1).限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,
如: I was a tp by that everyne likes me.
2).非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,若省去,意思仍完整。
如:Michael Jacksn, wh is the greatest singer in the wrld, passed away in 2010.
3、先行词与关系词
1)、被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
例如:I like the huse which we live in.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
指人:wh作主或宾语, whm在句中作宾语
指物:which作主语,宾语
指人或物:that作主语、宾语、表语,whse作定语
关系代词
2)、关系词
指时间:when作时间状语
指地点:where作地点状语
指原因:why 作原因状语
关系副词
4.由that、which、wh、whm、whse引导的定语从句。
二、定语从句(二)
1.先行词是物时,一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下,只能用that不用which。
1).当先行词为指物的不定代词,如all、everything、smething、anything、nthing、nne、the ne等时,只能用that。
There is nthing that I can d fr yu .
2).当先行词被the nly、the very 、the last、all、n、little等词修饰时,只能用that。
This is the very bk that I’m lking fr .
3).先行词被序数词修饰时,只能用that 。
This is the first textbk that I studied in the middle schl .
4).先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时,只能用that。
This is the mst beautiful muntain that I have ever seen .
5).先行词既有人也有物时,只能that 。
He tld us many interesting things and persns that we had .
2.先行词是物时,一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下,只能用which不用that。
1).关系代词前有介词时,关系词只能用which 。
This is the building in which he lives .
2).先行词本身是that时,关系词只能用which 。
The clck is that which tells the time .
3).引导非限定性的定语从句(先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开),关系词用which。
His bk , which was lst last week , has been fund nw.
3.先行词是人时,一般情况下既可用wh 也可用that 。但以下情况下,只能用wh。
1).当先行词为thse、ne、nes、anyne且作主语时,一般用wh 。
Thse wh are singing are all my classmates .
2).在there be 句型中,先行词指人时,只能用wh。指物时用that。
There is a girl wh expects t see yu .
3).当先行词是I、yu、he、they等时,只能用wh 。
He wh plays with fire gets burned .
三、定语从句(三)。
由关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句。
where = in / at +which when = in / n / at +which why = fr + which
1.由where引导的定语从句。
1).先行词是表示地点的名词 2).在定语从句中作地点状语
Is this the huse where yu lived ?= Is this the huse in which yu lived ?
= Is this the huse which yu lived in ?
2.由when引导的定语从句。
1).先行词是表示时间的名词 2).在定语从句中作时间状语
I will never frget the days when I met him .= I will never frget the days n which I met him.
注:先行词是the last time 时,when 可省略。
When was the last time yu saw the parrt ?
3.由why引导的定语从句。
先行词为reasn 时,一般用why 。 why在句中作原因状语。
We dn’t knw the reasn why they didn’t cme .
四、注意事项:
1.关系词在定语从句中作宾语时,常可省略。
The stry _____ he tld was very ppular .
A.wh B.whm C.whse D. /
2.that、wh、which在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。
I lves singers wh __write_____(write) their wn sngs .
She is ne f the girls wh ___studies___(study) hard .
3.在定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的人称代词。
Will yu please shw me the bk ______ yesterday?
A. which yu bught B. that yu bught it C. yu bught D. yu bught it
4.定语从句中whse 的确定:
无论先行词是人或物,在定语从句中做定语用whse。
判断:看定语从句的主语前有无限定词(my、yur、Jim’s等),若没有,则用whse 。
The girl _____ parents wrk in Beijing is Kate .
A. wh B. whse C. which D. that
I knw the by . His handwriting is very gd .= I knw the by __whse__ handwriting is very gd.
五、定语从句的简化
把定语从句简化为形容词短语、过去分词短语、介词短语、现在分词短语。
1.She received a bx which was full f presents .
She received a bx full f presents .
2.He likes reading bks that was written by Luxun.
He likes reading bking written by Luxun .
3.I like Chinese tea which has nthing in it .
I like Chinese tea with nthing in it .
4.D yu knw the girl wh is wearing a red dress .
D yu knw the girl wearing a red dress .
【考点剖析】
考点1、考查指物的关系代词的用法
1.The man ________ is talking t the students is ur English teacher.
A.whB.whichC./
2.Eileen Gu ________ is an utstanding athlete (运动员) has becme mre and mre ppular arund the wrld since the 24th Olympic Winter Games.
A./B.whC.whichD.what
3.Mr. Brwn is a teacher _________ is strict with all his students.
A.whB.whichC.what
考点2、考查指人的关系代词的用法
1.I like the mvies ________ can give me smething t think abut.
A.thatB.whatC.wh
2.I really enjy the pht f my family ________ my friend tk yesterday.
A.whB.whatC.thatD.whse
3.Please shw me the bk ________ yu bught yesterday.
A.whichB.whmC.whseD.this
考点3、考查that 与which 用法区别
1.Chinese Spelling Her is the mst ppular TV shw __________fcuses n Chinese character writing amng teenagers.
A.thatB.whC.whichD.what
2.—Can I meet yur headteacher, Mike?
—Sure. The ne________ wears a pair f glasses is my headteacher. Let’s g and say hell t him.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whm
考点4、考查关系代词whse的用法
1.Miss Wilsn wants t talk t the students hmewrk hasn’t been handed in n time.
A.whichB.whC.whse
2.—Have yu seen a girl________skirt is red?
—Yes, she went t the library.
A.whseB.whC.whm
3.Jhn is the by legs were badly hurt in the accident.
A.whseB.thatC.whD.which
【真题演练】
1.—D yu knw the girl ________ is standing ver there?
—Yes. She is my sister.
A.whenB.whereC.whD.which
2.The app “MAYI” encurages peple t give away the clthes ________ they dn’t need t the pr.
A.whatB.whmC.whD.that
3.The man _________ gave us a talk n science yesterday is a famus scientist.
A.whB.whseC.which
4.My neighbrs are talking abut the dg and the child _______ were saved by the firefighters.
A.whB.thatC.which
5.I like t live in a huse ________ is big and bright.
A.whB.whereC.thatD.why
6.My teacher asks me t write a reprt abut a bk ________ name is Christmas Carl.
A.whichB.whseC.wh’s
7.The man t ______ my father is speaking is my uncle.
A.himB.thatC.whD.whm
8.I will never frget the day ________ I jined the army.
A.thatB.whenC.in whichD.where
9.I like the city ________ the peple are really kind and friendly.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
10.We shuldn’t frget the peple ________ gave us a hand when we were in truble.
A.whatB.whseC.wh
【过关检测】
一、单项选择
1.—D yu knw the girl ________ is talking with ur teacher?
—Oh, she’s my sister.
A.whB.whseC.whmD.where
2.I prefer news that ________ abut sprts.
A.isB.areC.haveD.with
3.The Palace Museum is the best place ________ I’ve ever visited.
A.whB.whenC.thatD.where
4.I will leave the city ______ I have lived fr nearly 10 years.
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where
5.The yung lady ________ is talking with ur teacher cmes frm America.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.when
6.Cnfucius is a man ________ had many wise ideas and thughts.
A.whichB.whC.whmD.whse
7.I wuld like t bk (预定) a rm ________ windws face suth.
A.whB.whichC.whseD.that
8.Friends are thse ________ help yu when yu are in truble.
A.whB.whmC.whatD.hw
9.The students ________ wear schl unifrms lk smarter.
A.whB.whichC.whmD.what
10.一What kind f mvies d yu like?
一I prefer mvies give me smething t think abut.
A.thatB.whatC.where
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
11.I lve singers wh _____ beautiful. (be)
12.I like the singer wh ________ (wear) cl clthes.
13.The music which ________ (play) n the erhu mved the freigners very much.
14.He prefers this grup that________ (play) quiet and slw sngs.
三、用关系词填空
15.Yesterday I helped an ld man ____ lst his way.
16.The man ____ yu met just nw is my friend.
17.This is the pen ________ he bught yesterday.
18.Ftball is a game ________ is liked by mst bys.
19.The bys ________ are playing ftball are frm Class One.
20.The pht ______ we liked best was taken by Zha Min.
21.He invented a camera ______ was very small.
22.He’s the by ______ plays the pian very well.
关系词
指代
在定语从句中的作用
that
既指人也指物
作主语、宾语
which
指物
作主语、宾语
wh
指人
作主语
whm
指人
作宾语
whse
既指人也指物
作定语
第09讲 定语从句
【学习目标】
1.理解定语从句的含义
2.认识定语从句的功能和作用
3.掌握五个关系代词和三个关系副词的用法
【基础知识】
一、定语从句(一):
1、含义:
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的,当定语的从句叫定语从句。
2、分类
定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
1).限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,
如: I was a tp by that everyne likes me.
2).非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,若省去,意思仍完整。
如:Michael Jacksn, wh is the greatest singer in the wrld, passed away in 2010.
3、先行词与关系词
1)、被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
例如:I like the huse which we live in.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
指人:wh作主或宾语, whm在句中作宾语
指物:which作主语,宾语
指人或物:that作主语、宾语、表语,whse作定语
关系代词
2)、关系词
指时间:when作时间状语
指地点:where作地点状语
指原因:why 作原因状语
关系副词
4.由that、which、wh、whm、whse引导的定语从句。
二、定语从句(二)
1.先行词是物时,一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下,只能用that不用which。
1).当先行词为指物的不定代词,如all、everything、smething、anything、nthing、nne、the ne等时,只能用that。
There is nthing that I can d fr yu .
2).当先行词被the nly、the very 、the last、all、n、little等词修饰时,只能用that。
This is the very bk that I’m lking fr .
3).先行词被序数词修饰时,只能用that 。
This is the first textbk that I studied in the middle schl .
4).先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时,只能用that。
This is the mst beautiful muntain that I have ever seen .
5).先行词既有人也有物时,只能that 。
He tld us many interesting things and persns that we had .
2.先行词是物时,一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下,只能用which不用that。
1).关系代词前有介词时,关系词只能用which 。
This is the building in which he lives .
2).先行词本身是that时,关系词只能用which 。
The clck is that which tells the time .
3).引导非限定性的定语从句(先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开),关系词用which。
His bk , which was lst last week , has been fund nw.
3.先行词是人时,一般情况下既可用wh 也可用that 。但以下情况下,只能用wh。
1).当先行词为thse、ne、nes、anyne且作主语时,一般用wh 。
Thse wh are singing are all my classmates .
2).在there be 句型中,先行词指人时,只能用wh。指物时用that。
There is a girl wh expects t see yu .
3).当先行词是I、yu、he、they等时,只能用wh 。
He wh plays with fire gets burned .
三、定语从句(三)。
由关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句。
where = in / at +which when = in / n / at +which why = fr + which
1.由where引导的定语从句。
1).先行词是表示地点的名词 2).在定语从句中作地点状语
Is this the huse where yu lived ?= Is this the huse in which yu lived ?
= Is this the huse which yu lived in ?
2.由when引导的定语从句。
1).先行词是表示时间的名词 2).在定语从句中作时间状语
I will never frget the days when I met him .= I will never frget the days n which I met him.
注:先行词是the last time 时,when 可省略。
When was the last time yu saw the parrt ?
3.由why引导的定语从句。
先行词为reasn 时,一般用why 。 why在句中作原因状语。
We dn’t knw the reasn why they didn’t cme .
四、注意事项:
1.关系词在定语从句中作宾语时,常可省略。
The stry _____ he tld was very ppular .
A.wh B.whm C.whse D. /
2.that、wh、which在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。
I lves singers wh __write_____(write) their wn sngs .
She is ne f the girls wh ___studies___(study) hard .
3.在定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的人称代词。
Will yu please shw me the bk ______ yesterday?
A. which yu bught B. that yu bught it C. yu bught D. yu bught it
4.定语从句中whse 的确定:
无论先行词是人或物,在定语从句中做定语用whse。
判断:看定语从句的主语前有无限定词(my、yur、Jim’s等),若没有,则用whse 。
The girl _____ parents wrk in Beijing is Kate .
A. wh B. whse C. which D. that
I knw the by . His handwriting is very gd .= I knw the by __whse__ handwriting is very gd.
五、定语从句的简化
把定语从句简化为形容词短语、过去分词短语、介词短语、现在分词短语。
1.She received a bx which was full f presents .
She received a bx full f presents .
2.He likes reading bks that was written by Luxun.
He likes reading bking written by Luxun .
3.I like Chinese tea which has nthing in it .
I like Chinese tea with nthing in it .
4.D yu knw the girl wh is wearing a red dress .
D yu knw the girl wearing a red dress .
【考点剖析】
考点1、考查指物的关系代词的用法
1.The man ________ is talking t the students is ur English teacher.
A.whB.whichC./
答案:A
【详解】
句意:和学生说话的那个人是我们的英语老师。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词是人“The man”,关系词在从句中作主语,用wh引导定语从句。故选A。
2.Eileen Gu ________ is an utstanding athlete (运动员) has becme mre and mre ppular arund the wrld since the 24th Olympic Winter Games.
A./B.whC.whichD.what
答案:B
【详解】
句意:谷爱凌是一名出色的运动员,自从第24届冬奥会以来,她在世界各地越来越受欢迎。
考查定语从句。/不填;wh指代人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which指代物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句。根据“Eileen an utstanding athlete”可知,先行词“Eileen Gu”是人,在从句中作主语,用wh作连接词。故选B。
3.Mr. Brwn is a teacher _________ is strict with all his students.
A.whB.whichC.what
答案:A
【详解】
句意:Mr. Brwn是一位对所有学生都很严格的老师。
考查定语从句的引导词。wh先行词为人;which先行词为物;what不引导定语从句。根据“Mr. Brwn is a teacher…is strict with all his students.”可知,本题是一个定语从句,先行词是“teacher”,是指人,并且在从句中做主语的成分,需用wh来引导。故选A。
考点2、考查指人的关系代词的用法
1.I like the mvies ________ can give me smething t think abut.
A.thatB.whatC.wh
答案:A
【详解】
句意:我喜欢那些可以给我一些东西思考的电影。
考查定语从句的关系代词。that指代人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句;wh指代人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。先行词“mvies”电影,指的是物,定语从句“can give me smething t think abut”缺主语,用关系代词“that”。故选A。
2.I really enjy the pht f my family ________ my friend tk yesterday.
A.whB.whatC.thatD.whse
答案:C
【详解】
句意:我真的很喜欢我朋友昨天拍的那张全家福。
考查定语从句引导词。wh关系代词,在定语从句中指人;what什么,不能引导定语从句;that用于引导限制性定语从句,指人或事物;whse关系代词,在定语从句中指“某人的或某物的”,本身在从句中作定语。分析句子可知,此句为定语从句,先行词“the pht”,是物,关系词在定语从句中做宾语,用关系代词that。故选C。
3.Please shw me the bk ________ yu bught yesterday.
A.whichB.whmC.whseD.this
答案:A
【详解】
句意:请把你昨天买的那本书给我看看。
考查定语从句关系词。which哪一个;whm谁;whse谁的;this这个。先行词是the bk,是物,在从句中做宾语,所以关系代词用that、which或省略。故选A。
考点3、考查that 与which 用法区别
1.Chinese Spelling Her is the mst ppular TV shw __________fcuses n Chinese character writing amng teenagers.
A.thatB.whC.whichD.what
答案:A
【详解】
句意:关注青少年汉字书写的《汉字英雄》是最受欢迎的电视节目。
考查定语从句。that;wh;which;都可以当定语从句的关系词,that可代指表人或表物的先行词在从句中当主语或宾语;wh代指表“人”的先行词在从句中当主语,which代指表“物”的先行词在从句中当主语或宾语,what不做定语从句的关系词;先行词TV shw受最高级修饰,关系代词只能用that;故选A。
【点睛】
解答本题是需注意,先行词TV shw表“物”,关系代词可用that或which,因前有最高级修饰,只能用that。
2.—Can I meet yur headteacher, Mike?
—Sure. The ne________ wears a pair f glasses is my headteacher. Let’s g and say hell t him.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whm
答案:A
【详解】
句意:——我能见见你的班主任吗,迈克?——当然。戴眼镜的那个人是我的班主任。我们去跟他打个招呼吧。
考查定语从句。that代指人或物,作主宾;which代指物,作主宾;what什么,不用于定语从句;whm代指人,作宾语;根据“The ne”作先行词,指人,作定语从句的主语,所以用“that”,故选A。
考点4、考查关系代词whse的用法
1.Miss Wilsn wants t talk t the students hmewrk hasn’t been handed in n time.
A.whichB.whC.whse
答案:C
【详解】
句意:威尔森小姐想和那些没有按时上交家庭作业的学生谈谈。
考查定语从句。which 引导定语从句时,先行词为物,在定语从句中充当主语或宾语;wh引导定语从句时,先行词为人,在定语从句中充当主语或宾语;whse谁的,作定语。此处表达“谁的家庭作业”用whse做定语。故选C。
2.—Have yu seen a girl________skirt is red?
—Yes, she went t the library.
A.whseB.whC.whm
答案:A
【详解】
句意:——你见过一个裙子是红色的女孩吗?——是的,她去了图书馆。
考查关系代词。whse谁的,作定语;wh谁,作主语;whm谁,作宾语;根据“a girl________skirt”可知是女孩的裙子,可推测出此处是“whse”,故选A。
3.Jhn is the by legs were badly hurt in the accident.
A.whseB.thatC.whD.which
答案:A
【详解】
考查定语从句,先行词是the by,定语从句中缺少定语,用whse引导定语从句,句意:约翰是在事故中腿受伤的男孩。选A。
【真题演练】
1.—D yu knw the girl ________ is standing ver there?
—Yes. She is my sister.
A.whenB.whereC.whD.which
答案:C
【详解】
句意:——你认识站在那边的那个女孩吗?——是的。她是我的妹妹。
考查定语从句,when关系副词,在句子中作时间状语;where关系副词,在句子中作地点状语;wh关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语;which关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构,可知是定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词是girl,指人,则此处应用关系代词wh,在从句中作主语。故选C。
2.The app “MAYI” encurages peple t give away the clthes ________ they dn’t need t the pr.
A.whatB.whmC.whD.that
答案:D
【详解】
句意:这款名为“MAYI”的应用鼓励人们把自己不需要的衣服送给穷人。
考查定语从句关系词。根据“the clthes ... they dn’t need”可知此处是定语从句,先行词“the clthes”指物,且在从句中作宾语,用that引导定语从句。故选D。
3.The man _________ gave us a talk n science yesterday is a famus scientist.
A.whB.whseC.which
答案:A
【详解】
句意:昨天给我们做科学报告的那个人是一位著名的科学家。
考查定语从句。wh引导定语从句时,在从句中作主语或宾语,指代人;whse引导定语从句时,在从句中作定语,指代人或物;which引导定语从句时,在从句中作主语或宾语,指代物。分析句子结构可知,该句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是“The man”,指人,在从句中作主语,所以关系词用wh,故选A。
4.My neighbrs are talking abut the dg and the child _______ were saved by the firefighters.
A.whB.thatC.which
答案:B
【详解】
句意:我的邻居正在谈论被消防员救助的狗和小孩。
考查定语从句。wh指代人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;that指代人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which指代物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。先行词“the dg and the child”即有人也有物,用关系代词“that”,在从句中作主语。故选B。
5.I like t live in a huse ________ is big and bright.
A.whB.whereC.thatD.why
答案:C
【详解】
句意:我喜欢住在一个大而明亮的房子。
考查定语从句。wh关系代词,指人,作主语和宾语;where关系副词,作状语;that关系代词,指人或物,作主语和宾语;why关系副词,作状语。根据题干可知,先行词为huse,表示物,空处在从句中作主语,结合选项,只有C选项符合,故选C。
6.My teacher asks me t write a reprt abut a bk ________ name is Christmas Carl.
A.whichB.whseC.wh’s
答案:B
【详解】
句意:我的老师让我写一篇关于一本名叫《圣诞颂歌》的书的报告。
考查定语从句。which关系代词,指物,作主语或宾语;whse关系代词,指人或物,作定语;wh’s谁是;分析句子结构可知,先行词是bk,在从句中修饰name,作定语,应用whse,故选B。
7.The man t ______ my father is speaking is my uncle.
A.himB.thatC.whD.whm
答案:D
【详解】
句意:同我爸爸讲话的那个人是我的叔叔。
本题考查定语从句的关系词。Speak t sb意为“和某人说话”;定语从句中speak为不及物动词,因为先行词The man指人,其关系词用介词t加whm;故选D。
8.I will never frget the day ________ I jined the army.
A.thatB.whenC.in whichD.where
答案:B
【详解】
句意:我永远不会忘记我参军的那一天。
考查定语从句关系副词。that是定语关系代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;when是定语从句关系副词,在句中作时间状语; in which相当于where,在定语从句中作关系副词;where是定语从句关系副词,在句中作地点状语。 先行词是the day,作定语从句I jined the army的时间状语,用关系副词when,故选B。
9.I like the city ________ the peple are really kind and friendly.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
答案:C
【详解】
句意:我喜欢这个城市,那里的人真的很善良和友好。
考查定语从句关系词。that关系代词,先行词指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;where关系副词,先行词指地点,在从句中作地点状语;when关系副词,先行词指时间,在从句中作时间状语;句中先行词“the city”指地点,再由“the peple are really kind and friendly”可知从句中缺少地点副词,用where引导定语从句。故选C。
10.We shuldn’t frget the peple ________ gave us a hand when we were in truble.
A.whatB.whseC.wh
答案:C
【详解】
句意:我们不应该忘记那些在我们遇到困难时帮助过我们的人。
考查定语从句。what不能引导定语从句;whse关系代词,先行词指人或物,在从句中作定语;wh关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;句子先行词是“the peple”,在从句中作主语,应用wh引导定语从句,故选C。
【过关检测】
一、单项选择
1.—D yu knw the girl ________ is talking with ur teacher?
—Oh, she’s my sister.
A.whB.whseC.whmD.where
答案:A
【详解】
句意:——你知道正在与我们的老师交谈的那个女孩吗?——哦,她是我姐姐。
考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词girl指人,且在定语从句中作主语,关系词用wh或that,结合选项,故选A。
2.I prefer news that ________ abut sprts.
A.isB.areC.haveD.with
答案:A
【详解】
句意:我更喜欢与体育有关的新闻。
考查定语从句的主谓一致。本句是定语从句,空格处在句子中作谓语,先行词是news,不可数名词,关系代词that在定语从句作主语,可知谓语动词使用三单形式,故选A。
3.The Palace Museum is the best place ________ I’ve ever visited.
A.whB.whenC.thatD.where
答案:C
【详解】
句意:故宫是我参观过的最好的地方。
考查定语从句关系词。wh先行词指人,且在从句中作主语;when先行词指时间,且在从句中作时间状语;that先行词指人或物,且在从句中作主语或宾语;where先行词指地点,且在从句中作地点状语。题中先行词“place”由形容词最高级“the best”修饰,且在从句中作宾语,只能用that引导定语从句。故选C。
4.I will leave the city ______ I have lived fr nearly 10 years.
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where
答案:D
【详解】
句意:我将要离开这个我生活了近10年的城市。
考查定语从句引导词。which哪一个,指代物;that那一个,指代人或物;when何时,指代时间;where哪里,指代地点。句中“I will leave the city”句式结构完整,而且the city表示“地点”,所以使用where引导定语从句,进一步说明先行词“the city”的情况,where在从句中作地点状语。故选D。
5.The yung lady ________ is talking with ur teacher cmes frm America.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.when
答案:B
【详解】
句意:正在和我们老师谈话的那位年轻女士来自美国。
考查定语从句。where关系副词,指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语;that关系代词,可指人,也可指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;which关系代词,指物,在从句中作主语或宾语; when关系副词,指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。从句的先行词是 lady,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以要用 wh或 that。故选B。
6.Cnfucius is a man ________ had many wise ideas and thughts.
A.whichB.whC.whmD.whse
答案:B
【详解】
句意:孔子是一位有很多智慧的观点和想法的人物。
考查定语从句。which指代物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;wh指代人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whm指代人,在定语从句中作宾语;whse指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。先行词“a man”是指人,在定语从句“had many wise ideas and thughts”中作主语,关系代词用wh。故选B。
7.I wuld like t bk (预定) a rm ________ windws face suth.
A.whB.whichC.whseD.that
答案:C
【详解】
句意:我想订一间窗户朝南的房间。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,句子是定语从句,先行词“a rm”和空后的“windws”存在所属关系(……的),即房间的窗户,所以应该用关系代词whse来引导定语从句,故选 C。
8.Friends are thse ________ help yu when yu are in truble.
A.whB.whmC.whatD.hw
答案:A
【详解】
句意:朋友是当你有麻烦的时候帮助你的那些人。
考查定语从句。wh指代人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whm指代人,在定语从句中作宾语;what什么;hw怎样。先行词“thse”指人,在定语从句“help yu when yu are in truble”中作主语。用关系代词wh。故选A。
9.The students ________ wear schl unifrms lk smarter.
A.whB.whichC.whmD.what
答案:A
【详解】
句意:穿校服的学生看起来更聪明。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,本句是含定语从句的复合句,students是先行词,指人,引导词在从句中作主语。故选A。
10.一What kind f mvies d yu like?
一I prefer mvies give me smething t think abut.
A.thatB.whatC.where
答案:A
【详解】
句意:— — 你喜欢什么类型的电影? — — 我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。A. that:指人或物,做主语或宾语;B. what什么,不能引导定语从句,排除;C. where哪里,先行词是表示地点的。本题的先行词是mvies,指物,因此用that 来引导。故选A。
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
11.I lve singers wh _____ beautiful. (be)
答案:are
【详解】
句意:我喜欢漂亮的歌手。这里先行词是singers,是复数形式,故be动词用复数,故填are.
12.I like the singer wh ________ (wear) cl clthes.
答案:wears
【详解】
句意:我喜欢那个穿酷衣服的歌手。根据句子成分分析和语境可知,从wh到句末为定语从句,修饰先行词“the singer”,所以在从句中作主语的关系代词wh指代“the singer”;此处“穿着酷衣服 ”应是在描述这个歌手此时的状态,所以时态应用一般现在时;在此定从中,主语“the singer”为三单,所以谓语动词也应用其单数形式wears。故填wears。
13.The music which ________ (play) n the erhu mved the freigners very much.
答案:was played
【详解】
句意:用二胡演奏的音乐使外国人非常感动。根据题干可知,which引导定语从句,修饰前面的music,而且music和play是被动关系,句子时态是一般过去时,因此用一般过去时的被动语态,即was/were+动词的过去分词,music是单数,be动词用was,play的过去分词是played;故填was played。
14.He prefers this grup that________ (play) quiet and slw sngs.
答案:plays
【详解】
句意:他更喜欢这组演奏起来安静而缓慢的歌曲。此处是定语从句的谓语,填动词;关系代词that指代先行词this grup在从句中当主语,句子讲述客观的事实,用一般现在时;this grup是单数名词,谓语动词用单三形式;故填plays。
三、用关系词填空
15.Yesterday I helped an ld man ____ lst his way.
答案:wh
【详解】
句意:昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。这是一个定语从句,先行词是an ld man,指人,关系词用wh,在句中作主语。故填wh。
16.The man ____ yu met just nw is my friend.
答案:wh##that##whm
【详解】
句意:你刚才遇到的那个人是我的朋友。根据情境可知,本句中的“yu met just nw”是定语从句来修饰“the man”,所填单词为关系代词,作为“met”的宾语,先行词“the man”为人,关系代词应该使用wh/that/whm。故填:wh/that/whm。
17.This is the pen ________ he bught yesterday.
答案:that##which##省略
【详解】
句意:这是他昨天买的钢笔。根据句子结构可知从空处到句末是定语从句。先行词是“the pen”,指物,同时也作bught的宾语,所以应用that或which或省略,故填that/which/省略。
18.Ftball is a game ________ is liked by mst bys.
答案:which##that
【详解】
句意:足球是一项大多数男孩都喜欢的运动。分析句子可知,game在句中是先行词,指物,要用关系代词which/that引导定语从句,在从句中充当主语。故填which/that。
19.The bys ________ are playing ftball are frm Class One.
答案:wh##that
【详解】
句意:正在踢足球的男孩们是一班的。根据“The bys…are playing ftball are frm Class One.”可知,缺少引导定语从句的引导词,又因先行词是the bys,是人,在从句中作主语,因此用wh/that引导。故填wh/that。
20.The pht ______ we liked best was taken by Zha Min.
答案:which/that
【详解】
句意:我们最喜欢的照片是赵民拍的。本句包含定语从句,先行词是pht照片是物,且引导词在定语从句中作liked的宾语,所以关系代词可用which/that,故填which/that。
21.He invented a camera ______ was very small.
答案:which/that
【详解】
句意:他发明了一个非常小的相机。本题考查定语从句中的关系代词。根据先行词是camera,意思是:相机。指的是物,用which/that,故填which/that。
22.He’s the by ______ plays the pian very well.
答案:wh/that
【详解】
句意:他是钢琴弹的很好的那个男孩。本题考查定语从句中的关系代词。根据先行词是“the by”男孩,指人,关系代词用wh/that,故填wh/that。
关系词
指代
在定语从句中的作用
that
既指人也指物
作主语、宾语
which
指物
作主语、宾语
wh
指人
作主语
whm
指人
作宾语
whse
既指人也指物
作定语
相关学案
这是一份第09讲 定语从句-(人教版)新九年级英语暑假讲义(教师版+学生版),文件包含第09讲定语从句-教师版新九年级英语暑假讲义人教版docx、第09讲定语从句-学生版新九年级英语暑假讲义人教版docx等2份学案配套教学资源,其中学案共22页, 欢迎下载使用。
这是一份人教版新七年级英语暑假讲义第09讲句式(学生版+解析),共26页。学案主要包含了学习目标,基础知识,考点剖析,真题演练,过关检测等内容,欢迎下载使用。
这是一份新九年级英语暑假讲义(人教版)第14讲Iusedtobeafraidofthedark-(学生版+解析),共45页。学案主要包含了学习目标,基础知识,考点剖析,真题演练,过关检测等内容,欢迎下载使用。