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（3）Unit 3 Environmental Protection—高二英语人教版（2019）期末复习集中训练
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这是一份（3）Unit 3 Environmental Protection—高二英语人教版（2019）期末复习集中训练，共6页。试卷主要包含了翻译句子，阅读理解，七选五等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.安理会将决定采取何种措施来恢复和平与安全。(restre)
The Security Cuncil shall decide ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ peace and security.
2.随着这些运动的实施,中国的水道正走向一个清洁和可持续的未来。
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____, China's waterways are heading twards a clean and sustainable fixture.
3.有了这些措施,相信漓江之美必将世世代代保存下来。
With these measures, _____ _____ _____ _____ the beauty f the Li River will be preserved fr generatins t cme.
4.这些化学品导致严重的水质问题,造成鱼类数量减少。
These chemicals led t severe water quality issues, _____ _____ _____ in the number f fish species.
5.为了养活更多的人,(人们)使用了更多的化学物质来增加作物产量。
_____ _____ _____ _____ mre peple, mre chemicals were used t increase crp prductin.
6.以往,漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏,一些游客频繁地将垃圾扔入江中。
Previusly, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly frm an increasing vlume f turists, _____ _____ _____ frequently threw garbage int the river.
7.我们个人也可以通过限制我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳来减少我们的“碳足迹”。
We as individuals can als reduce ur "carbn ftprint" _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ carbn dixide ur lifestyles prduce.
8.持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和长期变化。
Cntinued greenhuse gas emissins will _____ _____ further warming and lng-lasting changes _____ _____ _____ _____.
9.那么是什么在导致全球表面平均温度的升高呢?
Then _____ _____ _____ the increase in the glbal average surface temperature?
10.一位研究北极熊多年的专家说,从北极熊尸体的姿势来看,它似乎是饿死的。
An expert _____ _____ _____ plar bears fr many years said that frm the psitin f its dead bdy, the bear appeared _____ _____ _____ and died.
二、阅读理解
Yu've prbably heard abut dgs that have been trained t smell cancer in humans. But what abut ants ding the same jb? A team f scientists have fund that ants can use their keen sense f smell t detect cancerus cells.
Fr their study, the team led by researchers frm Srbnne University in Paris, France, turned t the silky ants, fund thrughut Eurpe. They began by expsing individual ants t tw tubes- ne empty and the ther cntaining a slutin with cancerus cells. When the insects went twards the latter tube, they were rewarded with a sugar slutin. It tk the clever creatures just 30 minutes t assciate the diseased cells' distinct smell with the treat.
The scientists tested the insects' cancer-detecting ability by remving the sugar slutin. They fund that the ants cntinued t mve twards the tube abut nine times befre realising it was gne.
The team then tested t see if the insects culd differentiate between different kinds f cancer. They trained tw grups f ants t assciate the sugar slutin with the unique smells f tw types f breast cancer. Once again, the insects chse the smell they had been expsed t lng after the sugary slutin had been remved.
The researchers, wh published their findings in the jurnal Cell n February 22, 2022, next hpe t determine if the insects can detect cancer when the diseased cells are nt remved frm nrmal cells. They als plan t investigate if they can find ut cancer frm bdy fluids like saliva r sweat frm patients.
“Dgs are gd at sniffing ut cancer, but the training prcess is time-cnsuming. The study shws that ants have high ptential, are capable f learning very quickly, at lwer cst, and are efficient,” said CNRS.
11.What is the main idea f Paragraphs 2-4?
A. The result f the experiment.B. The prcess f the experiment.
C. The methd f the experiment.D. The applicatin f the experiment.
12.What des the underlined wrd “it” in the third paragraph refer t?
A. The tube.B. The distinct smell.
C. The sugar slutin.D. Ants' ability t detect cancer.
13.What is the attitude f CNRS twards the study?
A. Negative.B. Neutral.C. Psitive.D. Critical.
14.What is the authr's purpse in writing the article?
A. T call n peple t prtect endangered ants.
B. T shw peple ants' ability t cure cancers.
C. T argue that ants are sensitive t cancer cells.
D. T let peple knw ants' skill in finding cancers.
三、七选五
Paper bags remain an ptin in grcery stres and are preferred by many cnsumers fr cnvenience. ①_____The prductin f paper bags is, hwever, harmful t the envirnment in several ways. There are many advantages and disadvantages f the cnsumptin and prductin f paper bags.
Ten billin paper bags are used every year in the United States alne. ②_____ Many cnsumers prefer paper bags because they hld mre than plastic bags and are strnger, but stres mstly prefer t give ut plastic bags because they are cheaper.
Paper bags are mstly made frm riginal wd pulp (木浆). Recycled pulp is nt strng enugh, s their prductin begins with cutting dwn trees. ③_____ Fr ne thing, cutting dwn trees reduces the absrptin f greenhuse gases, and the prductin f paper bags requires the use f pisnus chemicals that cntribute t air and water pllutin. Fr anther, the transprtatin f paper bags requires the cnsumptin f fssil fuel that causes further air pllutin.
④_____ The prductin f paper bags als creates 50 times mre water pllutants than the prductin f plastic bags and 70 percent mre air pllutants. Additinally, it requires mre energy t recycle paper bags than plastic bags. Hwever, the recycling and reusing rate fr paper bags is higher. ⑤_____
A.It takes 14 millin trees t meet this demand.
B.But experts advise using plastic bags instead f paper bags.
C.Paper bag prductin harms the envirnment in tw ways.
D.They can be reused as garbage bags r fr grceries several times.
E.Paper bags and plastic bags have their wn strengths and weaknesses.
F.The prductin f a paper bag requires fur times as much energy as a plastic bag.
G.Sme peple assume they are less damaging t the envirnment than plastic bags.
答案以及解析
一、翻译句子
1.答案：what; measures; shall; be; taken; t; restre
2.答案：With such campaigns in effect
3.答案：it is believed that
4.答案：causing a decrease
5.答案：In rder t feed
6.答案：many f whm
7.答案：by restricting the amunt f
8.答案：result in, t the glbal climate
9.答案：what is causing
10.答案：wh has studied, t have starved
二、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中的They began by expsing individual ants t tw tubes,第三段中的The scientists tested the insects’ cancer-detecting ability和第四段中的The team then tested t see if...可知,第二至四段主要介绍的是实验的过程。故选B项。
12.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。第三段中的The scientists tested the insects’ cancer-detecting ability by remving the sugar slutin.与it was gne呼应,科学家通过移走糖溶液的办法来检测蚂蚁嗅探癌细胞的能力,画线处所在句则是这一举动的结果,即糖溶液被移走后,蚂蚁仍然向该试管移动。由此可知,此处it指代的是“糖溶液”。故选C项。
13.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The study shws that ants have high ptential, are capable f learning very quickly, at lwer cst, and are efficient可知,法国国家科学研究中心对该研究的态度是积极的。故选C项。
14.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的A team f scientists have fund that ants can use their keen sense f smell t detect cancerus cells.并结合全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了一项研究,研究发现蚂蚁有嗅探癌细胞的能力,并说明了研究的过程。由此可推知,作者的写作目的是让人们了解蚂蚁能发现癌症这种技能。故选D项。
三、七选五
答案：GACFD
解析：①过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语义结构为:纸袋仍然是在杂货店买东西时的一种选择,许多消费者为了方便而首选纸袋→①_____→然而,纸袋的生产在几个方面对环境有害。G选项“有些人认为纸袋对环境的破坏比塑料袋小”在意思上顺承上文,同时引起下文(与下文构成转折关系),符合语境。
②细节句。根据上句提到的“仅在美国,每年就有100亿个纸袋被使用”可知,纸袋的使用量大。A选项“需要1,400万棵树才能满足这个需求”承接上文,说出了使用纸袋对环境的影响。选项中的“this demand”指的是前句提到的“100亿个纸袋”的需求。
③细节句。根据下文“Fr ne thing... Fr anther...”可知,此处介绍了纸袋会在两个方面对环境造成危害。C选项“纸袋生产从两个方面危害环境”能够引出下文对这两个方面的介绍。
④细节句。根据下文提到的“比起塑料袋生产,纸袋生产还会产生50倍的水污染物,并多产生70%的空气污染物。此外,回收纸袋比回收塑料袋需要更多的能源”可知,此处是拿纸袋生产与塑料袋生产作对比。F选项“生产纸袋需要的能源是塑料袋的四倍”与下文一致。
⑤细节句。根据上句提到的“但纸袋的回收再利用率较高”可知,D选项“它们可以作为垃圾袋被再次使用或多次用来装食品杂货”进一步解释说明了纸袋是如何被回收再利用的。
1.安理会将决定采取何种措施来恢复和平与安全。(restre)
The Security Cuncil shall decide ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ peace and security.
2.随着这些运动的实施,中国的水道正走向一个清洁和可持续的未来。
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____, China's waterways are heading twards a clean and sustainable fixture.
3.有了这些措施,相信漓江之美必将世世代代保存下来。
With these measures, _____ _____ _____ _____ the beauty f the Li River will be preserved fr generatins t cme.
4.这些化学品导致严重的水质问题,造成鱼类数量减少。
These chemicals led t severe water quality issues, _____ _____ _____ in the number f fish species.
5.为了养活更多的人,(人们)使用了更多的化学物质来增加作物产量。
_____ _____ _____ _____ mre peple, mre chemicals were used t increase crp prductin.
6.以往,漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏,一些游客频繁地将垃圾扔入江中。
Previusly, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly frm an increasing vlume f turists, _____ _____ _____ frequently threw garbage int the river.
7.我们个人也可以通过限制我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳来减少我们的“碳足迹”。
We as individuals can als reduce ur "carbn ftprint" _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ carbn dixide ur lifestyles prduce.
8.持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和长期变化。
Cntinued greenhuse gas emissins will _____ _____ further warming and lng-lasting changes _____ _____ _____ _____.
9.那么是什么在导致全球表面平均温度的升高呢?
Then _____ _____ _____ the increase in the glbal average surface temperature?
10.一位研究北极熊多年的专家说,从北极熊尸体的姿势来看,它似乎是饿死的。
An expert _____ _____ _____ plar bears fr many years said that frm the psitin f its dead bdy, the bear appeared _____ _____ _____ and died.
二、阅读理解
Yu've prbably heard abut dgs that have been trained t smell cancer in humans. But what abut ants ding the same jb? A team f scientists have fund that ants can use their keen sense f smell t detect cancerus cells.
Fr their study, the team led by researchers frm Srbnne University in Paris, France, turned t the silky ants, fund thrughut Eurpe. They began by expsing individual ants t tw tubes- ne empty and the ther cntaining a slutin with cancerus cells. When the insects went twards the latter tube, they were rewarded with a sugar slutin. It tk the clever creatures just 30 minutes t assciate the diseased cells' distinct smell with the treat.
The scientists tested the insects' cancer-detecting ability by remving the sugar slutin. They fund that the ants cntinued t mve twards the tube abut nine times befre realising it was gne.
The team then tested t see if the insects culd differentiate between different kinds f cancer. They trained tw grups f ants t assciate the sugar slutin with the unique smells f tw types f breast cancer. Once again, the insects chse the smell they had been expsed t lng after the sugary slutin had been remved.
The researchers, wh published their findings in the jurnal Cell n February 22, 2022, next hpe t determine if the insects can detect cancer when the diseased cells are nt remved frm nrmal cells. They als plan t investigate if they can find ut cancer frm bdy fluids like saliva r sweat frm patients.
“Dgs are gd at sniffing ut cancer, but the training prcess is time-cnsuming. The study shws that ants have high ptential, are capable f learning very quickly, at lwer cst, and are efficient,” said CNRS.
11.What is the main idea f Paragraphs 2-4?
A. The result f the experiment.B. The prcess f the experiment.
C. The methd f the experiment.D. The applicatin f the experiment.
12.What des the underlined wrd “it” in the third paragraph refer t?
A. The tube.B. The distinct smell.
C. The sugar slutin.D. Ants' ability t detect cancer.
13.What is the attitude f CNRS twards the study?
A. Negative.B. Neutral.C. Psitive.D. Critical.
14.What is the authr's purpse in writing the article?
A. T call n peple t prtect endangered ants.
B. T shw peple ants' ability t cure cancers.
C. T argue that ants are sensitive t cancer cells.
D. T let peple knw ants' skill in finding cancers.
三、七选五
Paper bags remain an ptin in grcery stres and are preferred by many cnsumers fr cnvenience. ①_____The prductin f paper bags is, hwever, harmful t the envirnment in several ways. There are many advantages and disadvantages f the cnsumptin and prductin f paper bags.
Ten billin paper bags are used every year in the United States alne. ②_____ Many cnsumers prefer paper bags because they hld mre than plastic bags and are strnger, but stres mstly prefer t give ut plastic bags because they are cheaper.
Paper bags are mstly made frm riginal wd pulp (木浆). Recycled pulp is nt strng enugh, s their prductin begins with cutting dwn trees. ③_____ Fr ne thing, cutting dwn trees reduces the absrptin f greenhuse gases, and the prductin f paper bags requires the use f pisnus chemicals that cntribute t air and water pllutin. Fr anther, the transprtatin f paper bags requires the cnsumptin f fssil fuel that causes further air pllutin.
④_____ The prductin f paper bags als creates 50 times mre water pllutants than the prductin f plastic bags and 70 percent mre air pllutants. Additinally, it requires mre energy t recycle paper bags than plastic bags. Hwever, the recycling and reusing rate fr paper bags is higher. ⑤_____
A.It takes 14 millin trees t meet this demand.
B.But experts advise using plastic bags instead f paper bags.
C.Paper bag prductin harms the envirnment in tw ways.
D.They can be reused as garbage bags r fr grceries several times.
E.Paper bags and plastic bags have their wn strengths and weaknesses.
F.The prductin f a paper bag requires fur times as much energy as a plastic bag.
G.Sme peple assume they are less damaging t the envirnment than plastic bags.
答案以及解析
一、翻译句子
1.答案：what; measures; shall; be; taken; t; restre
2.答案：With such campaigns in effect
3.答案：it is believed that
4.答案：causing a decrease
5.答案：In rder t feed
6.答案：many f whm
7.答案：by restricting the amunt f
8.答案：result in, t the glbal climate
9.答案：what is causing
10.答案：wh has studied, t have starved
二、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中的They began by expsing individual ants t tw tubes,第三段中的The scientists tested the insects’ cancer-detecting ability和第四段中的The team then tested t see if...可知,第二至四段主要介绍的是实验的过程。故选B项。
12.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。第三段中的The scientists tested the insects’ cancer-detecting ability by remving the sugar slutin.与it was gne呼应,科学家通过移走糖溶液的办法来检测蚂蚁嗅探癌细胞的能力,画线处所在句则是这一举动的结果,即糖溶液被移走后,蚂蚁仍然向该试管移动。由此可知,此处it指代的是“糖溶液”。故选C项。
13.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The study shws that ants have high ptential, are capable f learning very quickly, at lwer cst, and are efficient可知,法国国家科学研究中心对该研究的态度是积极的。故选C项。
14.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的A team f scientists have fund that ants can use their keen sense f smell t detect cancerus cells.并结合全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了一项研究,研究发现蚂蚁有嗅探癌细胞的能力,并说明了研究的过程。由此可推知,作者的写作目的是让人们了解蚂蚁能发现癌症这种技能。故选D项。
三、七选五
答案：GACFD
解析：①过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语义结构为:纸袋仍然是在杂货店买东西时的一种选择,许多消费者为了方便而首选纸袋→①_____→然而,纸袋的生产在几个方面对环境有害。G选项“有些人认为纸袋对环境的破坏比塑料袋小”在意思上顺承上文,同时引起下文(与下文构成转折关系),符合语境。
②细节句。根据上句提到的“仅在美国,每年就有100亿个纸袋被使用”可知,纸袋的使用量大。A选项“需要1,400万棵树才能满足这个需求”承接上文,说出了使用纸袋对环境的影响。选项中的“this demand”指的是前句提到的“100亿个纸袋”的需求。
③细节句。根据下文“Fr ne thing... Fr anther...”可知,此处介绍了纸袋会在两个方面对环境造成危害。C选项“纸袋生产从两个方面危害环境”能够引出下文对这两个方面的介绍。
④细节句。根据下文提到的“比起塑料袋生产,纸袋生产还会产生50倍的水污染物,并多产生70%的空气污染物。此外,回收纸袋比回收塑料袋需要更多的能源”可知,此处是拿纸袋生产与塑料袋生产作对比。F选项“生产纸袋需要的能源是塑料袋的四倍”与下文一致。
⑤细节句。根据上句提到的“但纸袋的回收再利用率较高”可知,D选项“它们可以作为垃圾袋被再次使用或多次用来装食品杂货”进一步解释说明了纸袋是如何被回收再利用的。
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