（4）Unit 4 Adversity and Courage—高二英语人教版（2019）期末复习集中训练

这是一份（4）Unit 4 Adversity and Courage—高二英语人教版（2019）期末复习集中训练，共7页。试卷主要包含了语法填空，阅读理解，七选五等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.Our mnitr is the first persn we can think f t rely _________, fr he is always willing t help whever is in truble.
2.The new prduct which was develped _____ respnse t the cnsumer demand will cme nt the market next mnth.
3.At tday's meeting we're ging t discuss and decide _____ the mst effective ways t study mathematics.
4.Hannah Fraser appeared in The Cve, a dcumentary aimed at highlighting the _____(cruel) f dlphin hunting.
5.This was the secnd time that we _____(bserve) this festival tgether.
6.The dg _____(bark) fr a lng time, and I am fllwing the sund t find it.
7._____(frtune), many dcuments, masterpieces, and persnal papers with regard t these questins are preserved in time.
8.All the candidates fr the psitin _____(advertise) in the newspaper must deliver a speech respectively n July 15th.
9.The authr's purpse f writing the passage is t prvide _____(guide) n leading a meaningful adult life.
10._____(abandn) by the hst, especially when it is disabled r has develped sme diseases, is a tragedy t a pet.
二、阅读理解
Mst f us are aware f "Is the glass half full r half empty?" test. If yu pick the frmer, yu're an "ptimist"; therwise, yu're a "pessimist". It's nt a black-r-white test, but it can measure hw ne sees life.
Accrding t psychlgist Lissy Ann Pun, mst f us grw up wanting t be an ptimist—a persn wh can see the gd in any situatin and can stay hpeful when facing challenges. Fr sme peple, thugh, life happens and they start t see the glass half-empty instead. Pessimists tend t see the wrng in every situatin, and blame external factrs and circumstances when things aren't ging their way.
Being cntinuusly fed with bad news and disappintments can turn ptimistic children int adults that are critical f almst everything. Fr sme, the shift becmes easier, being raised by pessimistic parents. Others still remain ptimistic, thanks t a psitive husehld grwing up.
"This is why develping ptimism in yung children is significant fr their develpment as adults," said Lissy Ann. If adpted at an early age, this pwerful persnality quality can help children grw int strng adults capable f handling life's circumstances with cnfidence, curage, and hpe. What parent wuldn't want that fr their children?
"Children are seen as natural ptimists," Lissy Ann said. They cme int this wrld with unbiased (无偏见的) eyes and a pure heart that hasn't been influenced by scial expectatins, life experiences, severe mental shck, r authrity figures yet. Whether a child grws up t be ptimistic r nt is part genetic and part envirnmental. "Childhd experiences, parent-child cnnectin, r authrity figures will all have sme influence," she said. Althugh ptimism (r the lack f it) culd be passed dwn genetically, it can als be taught.
11.What attitude d the peple f “the half-empty glass” hld?
A. Fcusing mre n the negative aspect.
B. Hlding n t hpe in every challenge.
C. Cnsidering different reasns fr situatins.
D. Measuring life based n scial expectatins.
12.What is mainly discussed abut the shift int pessimists in Paragraph 3?
A. Pssible causes.B. Prper treatments.
C. Obvius signs.D. Cmmn misunderstandings.
13.Why is it imprtant fr children t be ptimistic?
A. It guarantees them a truble-free life.
B. It enables them t be incmparable in careers.
C. It makes them mentally strng in adulthd.
D. It helps them meet their parents' expectatins.
14.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Children master interpersnal skills naturally.
B. Genetic factrs decide hw children see life.
C. Optimism strengthens parent-child cnnectin.
D. Prper guidance helps raise ptimistic children.
三、七选五
Many f the emails in ur inbxes(收件箱) are nt particularly imprtant. ①_____ S, here are five ways t manage thse messages s that they dn't take yu away frm imprtant tasks.
②_____ Turn ff the alert that appears n yur cmputer screen when yu receive an email , and check and respnd t messages at set times f the day. Give yurself a maximum f 30 minutes fr each sessin. Manage yur c-wrkers', manager's and custmers' expectatins abut hw and when yu will reply t them.
Chse "lw-prductivity" times. There are likely certain times f a day when yu d yur best wrk, maybe in the mrning r maybe late at night. Schedule an email check-in fr yur less-prductive times. ③_____
Turn emails int actins. If yu need mre than a few minutes t read r reply t an email, add it t yur Actin Prgramme r T-D List.
Use the recycle bin. ④_____ If yu d, yu run the risk f paying n attentin t the imprtant nes as yur inbx grws, and f yur inbx becming harder and harder t manage. Once yu've replied t them, put the nes that yu dn't need in the garbage can, and file the nes that yu want t keep.
Sync (同步) up with yur smartphne. ⑤_____ This helps yu t free up yur cmputer frm distractins. Then apply the advice we've given abve t yur persnal device.
A. Schedule checking time.
B. Dn't keep emails frever.
C. Try linking yur email t yur smartphne.
D. Stay ff the Internet during yur wrking hurs.
E. And save yur efficient time fr high-value wrk.
F. Hwever, we ften feel the need t lk at them as sn as they arrive.
G. Smething really imprtant and really urgent shuld be dne immediately.
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：n/upn
解析：句意为:我们的班长是我们第一个想起来可以依靠的人,因为他总是愿意帮助任何有困难的人。rely n/upn为固定搭配,意为“依靠”。故填n/upn。
2.答案：in
解析：句意为:为响应消费者需求而开发的这款新产品将于下个月上市。in respnse t意为“响应;反应;答复”。故填in。
3.答案：n/upn
解析：句意为:在今天的会议上,我们将讨论并选出学习数学最有效的方法。decide n/upn意为“决定;选定”。
4.答案：cruelty
解析：句意为:汉娜・弗雷泽出演了纪录片《海豚湾》,这部纪录片旨在突出捕杀海豚的残酷性。分析句子结构可知,此处为名词作宾语,cruel的名词为 cruelty,意为“残酷;残忍”时为不可数名词。
5.答案：had bserved
解析：句意为:这是我们第二次一起庆祝这个节日。it/this was the first/secnd/... time that sb/sth had dne sth为固定句型,意为“这是某人/某物第一/二/……次做某事”,主句用一般过去时,从句用过去完成时。故填had bserved。
6.答案： has been barking
解析：句意为:那只狗已经叫了很长时间了,我正顺着声音找它。此处bark是第一个分句的谓语动词,强调动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在,所以应用现在完成进行时。故填has been barking。
7.答案： Frtunately
解析：句意为:幸运的是,与这些问题相关的许多文件、杰作和个人文献都被及时保存下来。设空处位于句首,修饰整个句子,应用副词作状语,根据句意可知,此处表示“幸运地;幸亏”。故填 Frtunately。
8.答案：advertised
解析：句意为:报纸上刊登的该职位的所有候选人必须在7月15日分别发表演讲。分析句子结构可知,此处作后置定语,修饰名词psitin, advertise 与 psitin之间为逻辑上的被动关系。故填 advertised。
9.答案： guidance
解析：句意为:作者写这篇文章的目的是就如何过有意义的成人生活提供指导。设空处作宾语,表示“指导”,应用名词guidance。
10.答案： Being abandned
解析：句意为:被主人抛弃,尤其是当它残疾或患有某些疾病时,对宠物来说是一种不幸。分析句子结构可知, especially when it is disabled r has develped sme diseases是插入成分,主句为主系表结构,设空处作主语,此处表示一般行为,时间概念不强,应用动名词形式。abandn与其逻辑主语a pet之间为被动关系,应用动名词的被动式。故填Being abandned。
二、阅读理解
11.答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Mst f us are aware f “Is the glass half full r half empty?” lest. If yu pick the frmer, yu're an “ptimist”; therwise, yu're a “ pessimist”.和第二段中的 Pessimists tend t see the wrng in every situatin可知,选择“the half-empty glass”的人是悲观主义者,所以他们更多地关注消极方面。故选A项。
12.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,持续获取负面的消息会让孩子由乐观转向悲观,对一些孩子来说,这种转变发生的原因是他们是由悲观的父母抚养长大的。由此可知,本段主要讨论了转变为悲观主义者的可能原因。故选A项。
13.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的If adpted at an early age, this pwerful persnality quality can help children grw int strng adults capable f handling life's circumstances with cnfidence, curage, and hpe.可知,如果能够从小培养孩子这种乐观的态度,孩子在成长中会变得坚强,能够自信、勇敢、充满希望地应对生活中出现的各种情况。由此可知,培养幼儿的乐观情绪使他们在成年后意志坚强。故选C项。
14.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Childhd experiences, parent-child cnnectin, r authrity figures will all have sme influence,” she said. Althugh ptimism (r the lack f it) culd be passed dwn genetically, it can als be taught.可推知,正确的引导有助于培养乐观的孩子。故选D项。
三、七选五
答案：FAEBC
解析：①根据上文Many f the emails in ur inbxes are nt particularly imprtant.以及后文S, here are five ways t manage thse messages s that they dn't take yu away frm imprtant tasks.可知,设空处应介绍收件箱里不太重要的邮件带来的困扰,进一步引出后文的管理方法。故ド项(然而,我们常常觉得有必要一收到电子邮件就看一看)承上启下,符合语境。故选F项。
②本空是段落主旨句。根据后文关键内容... check and respnd t messages at set times f the day. Give yurself a maximum f 30 minutes fr each hw and when yu will reply t them.可知,本段的主旨是安排好查看邮件的时间。故A项(安排查看时间)符合语境。故选A项。
③该空应该是对上文的进一步说明。E项(把你的高效时间留给高价值的工作)与设空前一句相呼应,符合语境。故选E项。
④根据上文Use the recycle bin.以及后文If yu d, yu run the risk f ...可知,本句旨在说明不要一直保留电子邮件,要学会利用回收站。故B项(不要永远保存邮件)符合语境。故选B项。
⑤根据上文Sync up with yur smartphne,以及后文This helps yu t free up yur cmputer frm distractins.可知,本段建议在你的智能手机上同步电子邮件,故C项(试着把你的电子邮件和智能手机连接起来)符合语境。故选C项。