2023-2024学年北京市昌平区高三下学期二模英语试卷（含详细答案解析）

这是一份2023-2024学年北京市昌平区高三下学期二模英语试卷（含详细答案解析），共15页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，阅读表达，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共14小题，共28分。
A
Interested in writing, phtgraphy r current events? Lking fr an experience t inspire yur cllege essays? Or hping t explre a wrld-class city with new friends this summer? If s, check ut the Bstn University Summer Jurnalism Academy. Itˈs a prgram created and run by Bstn University, where high schl students:
● Learn frm award-winning, wrking jurnalists — including tw wh have shared in Pulitzer Prizes fr their reprting.
● Reprt n actual events arund Bstn r yur hmetwn.
● Place stries with Bstnˈs Daily Free Press, ne f the tp cllege newspapers.
● Imprve their writing, interviewing, and research skills — applicable fr any majr and career.
The academy ffers tw ptins: an n-campus, residential prgram ver three weeks fr students with jurnalism experience, and a learn-frm-hme prgram ver tw weeks fr all experience levels. Fr students interested in phtgraphy, we ffer a special phtjurnalism track fr bth. Every ptin is rganized in three sectins:
● Classrm starts each day with a review f jurnalism fundamentals in a cllegiate frmat. A university-level jurnalism textbk prvides daily readings and writing assignments.
● Newsrm prvides time fr students t apply what they learn in the Classrm t hands-n jurnalism assignments. Over the rest f their day, students cnduct interview s and gather infrmatin.
● Guest Talks ffer students advice and insight frm jurnalism experts in tpics such as radi reprting and studying jurnalism in cllege. Sessins feature a Guest Talk during each three-week sessin frm jurnalism experts. Students als visit city newsrms t hear frm famus reprters.
Applicatins fr the n-campus sessin June 24 t July 12 are due: April 19. Applicatins fr learn-at-hme sessins starting June 17, July 1 and July 15 are due: May 10.
● On Campus, residential: Three weeks, including tuitin（学费）, activity fees, rm and bard: $ 6,200. （$ 400 discunts fr Early Bird applicants by Mar 8!）
Learn-frm-Hme: Tw weeks, tuitin: $ 1,500. （$200 discunts fr Early Bird applicants by Mar 8!）
1.In the prgram, participants can ______.
A. develp their interviewing skills
B. finish their cllege essays with help
C. get inspiratin frm retired jurnalists
D. publish stries in Bstn fficial website
2.If ne chses t learn in n-campus prgram, ne needs t ______.
A. pay at mst $ 1,500B. apply befre May 10
C. have jurnalism experienceD. have knwledge in phtgraphy
3.What will the three sectins prvide fr participants?
A. Advice and insight frm tp phtgraphers.
B. Reviews f reading and writing fundamentals.
C. A weekly talk with leading jurnalism experts.
D. Chances t put jurnalism knwledge int practice.
B
As mst f yu knw, the first year f university is always the hardest t adapt t. The additin f taking care f yurself, making new friends, learning hw t get arund campus, and schl can smetimes be t much t bear.
I wuld like t attend medical schl after my fur-year undergraduate. It is well-knwn that medical schls are very cmpetitive and require extremely high marks. I had always knwn that I was meant fr medical schl and wrked hard all thrughut high schl. I engaged in life sciences and knew that I wanted t d a duble majr in neurscience（神经科学） and psychlgy, but f curse, I wasnˈt s fnd f the precnditins t get t that stage. I had t take math and physics in my first year.
S after the chke I call the first term, I lked back n my grades and fund that I had never seen numbers like this befre. I really didnˈt even think they were pssible. I had heard that medical schls liked t see an upward trend, s I was discuraged and hurt, but tried nt t think abut it. Having yur grades taken away frm yu when that was all yu had was a huge thing I had t vercme — I defined my wrth by hw “smart” I was and getting past that mindset was the hardest thing Iˈve ever dne.
After I saw my grades, I realized the mistake I made taking a bunch f unnecessarily challenging curses. At the end f my secnd term, my grades werenˈt as high as I wanted them t be, but I accepted it. I knew that there were reasns fr the differences between individuals, but I still saw a huge imprvement in my marks frm the first term. I had enjyed my time in my secnd term and even thugh I wasnˈt where I wanted t be, it had nthing t d with my place in the university. It was very eye-pening and taught me what I needed t d in rder t achieve MY best — nt what everyne else cnsidered t be the best.
Iˈm nw taking a summer schl curse and my marks are incredibly better than what I was getting during my first year f schl. Thugh I had a rugh start, Iˈm sure my lessns and new attitude will carry me much farther than just t medical schl.
4.The authr wanted t take a duble majr because she ______.
A. liked the tw majrs better
B. was preparing herself fr her gal
C. tried t prve her academic ability
D. decided t challenge herself in university
5.Hw did the authr feel when reviewing her grades after the first term?
A. Satisfied.B. Surprised.C. Calm.D. Angry.
6.In the secnd term, the authr ______.
A. accepted the grades and did nthing
B. tried t learn mre necessary curses
C. viewed learning frm a different angle
D. fcused n learning medical knwledge
7.What can we learn frm this passage?
A. A fresh start leads t mre challenges.
B. Hard wrk will pay ff sner r later.
C. Stick t yur plan and yu will succeed.
D. Prper adjustment will take yu farther.
C
Baleen whales play a vital rle in ecsystems. T cmmunicate acrss vast distances and find each ther, baleen whales depend critically n the prductin f sunds that travels far in dark ceans. Hwever, since whale sngs were first discvered mre than 50 years ag, it remained unknwn hw baleen whales prduce their cmplex vcalizatins（发音）.
A new study in the jurnal Nature reprts that baleen whales develped unique structures in their larynx（喉） that enable their lw-frequency vcalizatins, but als limit their cmmunicatin range. The study was led by vice scientists Prfessr Cen Elemans and Prfessr Tecumseh Fitch. “The tthed whales and baleen whales were initially land animals that had a larynx serving tw functins: prtecting the airways and sund prductin. Hwever, their switching t living in the water placed new and strict demands n the larynx t prevent chking underwater,” says Tecumseh Fitch.
The study shws that baleen whales nevertheless can still prduce sund with their larynx, but they have develped new structures t d s, which nly exists in baleen whales. “This is prbably t keep a rigid pen airway when they have t mve huge amunts f air in and ut during explsive surface breathing,” states Fitch. “We fund that this U-shaped structure pushes against a big fatty cushin（垫） n the inside f the larynx. When the whales push air frm their lungs past this cushin, it starts t shake and this generates very lw frequency underwater sunds,” says Elemans.
T understand hw muscle activity culd change the calls, the researchers built a cmputatinal mdel f the entire whale larynx. The mdel predicted the natural vcalizatins f the whales very well. Hwever, these newly discvered features that allwed whales t successfully cmmunicate in the vast ceans als pses huge physilgical（生理的） limits fr many baleen whales. Cmbining experiments and mdels, the researchers prvide the first evidence that baleen whales are physilgically incapable f escaping nise caused by humans, because it cvers up their vices, and thus limits their cmmunicatin range. “Unfrtunately, the main frequency and depth f man-made nise caused by shipping traffic cver the frequency range and maximum cmmunicatin depth f 100 meters that we predicted,” Elemans says.
The first vice recrdings f a certain whale sng by Rger and Katy Payne in 1970 attracted glbal interest in sea cnservatin effrts. The Payneˈs made peple aware hw quiet the seas were befre humans started the widespread use f machine ships. Elemans adds: “Cmpared t the seventies, ur ceans are nw even mre filled with human-made nise, which affects the whales, because they are dependent n sund fr cmmunicatin. Nw we shw that despite their amazing physilgy, they literally cannt escape the nise humans make in the ceans.”
8.What can we knw abut baleen whalesˈ vcalizatin system?
A. Their airways are clsed during explsive surface breath.
B. Their larynx has difficulty preventing chking underwater.
C. Their vcalizatin system changed when they were land animals.
D. Their fatty cushin shakes t make lw frequency underwater sunds.
9.The researchersˈ experiments and mdels shw that ______.
A. baleen whales are incapable f recgnizing humansˈ nise
B. the muscle activity is related t the vcalizatins f the whales
C. human-made nises disturb baleen whalesˈ cmmunicatin range
D. the bdily features in baleen whales limit their cmmunicatin depth
10.What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Sea cnservatin effrts used t be better than nw.
B. The special structure prtects Baleen whales frm nises.
C. Actins shuld be taken t regulate human activities at sea.
D. The applicatin f technlgy cntributes t sea cnservatin.
D
In 1992, Edward de Bn argued that “creativity is the mst imprtant human resurce f all.” But might cmputers have the capacity t be creative? Culd artificial intelligence utperfrm us in even the mst human f phenmena? These questins have mved t the frefrnt f sciety with the launch f ChatGPT and DALL - E, tw pwerful deep learning mdels capable f creating art.
Where human creativity cmes frm is a cmplex and heavily-debated tpic. One thery suppses that creativity emerges frm slving prblems in new ways. The game designer Mark Rsewater explains that “if yu use the same neural pathways, yu get t the same answers, and with creativity, thatˈs nt yur gal.” But studies frm the University f Virginia suggest humans mst default （默认）t slving prblems by building n knwn slutins, restricting riginality. Sme neurscientists prpse anther thery regarding creativity. Research frm the University f Calgary reveals that when being creative, humans dnˈt use the same brain regins assciated with thught and prblem-slving, implying that creativity is primarily an uncnscius prcess. Accrding t this thery, the brain slves prblems best when nt directly fcusing n them using the frntal lbe（前额叶）, instead letting the ther parts f the brain take ver.
A. I. cannt currently emulate（仿真） the full cmplexity f the human mind. D these deep learning netwrks even have the required cmpnents that we use when we are creative? Duglas Hfstadter explains hw “emergent phenmena,” such as creativity, crrespnd t cnnectins between levels within mental systems. Similar cnnectins culd exist in artificial neural netwrks, even if the mechanics differ. Fr example, mdern artificial intelligence emplys attentin circuits that may cause it t behave similarly t the frntal lbe where mst f the brainˈs fcusing tendencies cme frm.
The emergent nature f creativity pens the dr fr similar tendencies in machines, but they are tuned s carefully t cpy existing ideas that it may nt be enugh fr true riginality. Mr. Rsewaterˈs thery n creativity suggests that fr A. I. t be creative, it shuld be able t slve prblems in new ways, which is difficult because A. I. is based s heavily n already existing ideas. Alternatively, if creativity is an uncnscius prcess as the University f Calgary research suggests, then it ccurs mstly utside the frntal lbe and may nt exist in machine learning netwrks. Either way, current A. I. prbably lacks the capacity fr genuine creativity and riginality, but it can cmbine existing ideas in interesting ways.
The questin f machine creativity has repercussins in many areas, such as develping law regarding A. I. wrks, cnsidering A. I. submissins in art cntests, and determining the use f ChatGPT as a tl fr schl assignments. Creativity may be, at least fr nw, a unique human quality. Cmputers are nt yet starting revlutinary artistic mvements, but they are already cmbining what exists int smething new, challenging us t lk deeper int ur wn creativity.
11.Abut the surce f human creativity, research frm the University f Calgary discvers that ______.
A. human creativity heavily relies n the existing ideas
B. dealing with prblems helps develp human creativity
C. being creative is clsely related t certain brain regins
D. human creativity is a prcess that happens autmatically
12.The authr wuld prbably agree that ______.
A. effrts shuld be put int the study f human creativity
B. creativity can be attained cnsciusly n mst ccasins
C. A. I. creates better than humans in sme areas at present
D. humans need machines t be mre creative in varius areas
13.What des the underlined wrd “repercussins” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A. Influences.B. Objectins.C. Dubts.D. Causes.
14.Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Cmputing Creativity: Is it a gd thing?
B. Cmputing Creativity: Can it be pssible?
C. Human Creativity: Why des human develp it?
D. Human Creativity: Hw can A. I. help human create?
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。
Everyne carries a shield（屏障）. Our shields prtect what we dnˈt want thers t see, frm ur embarrassing secrets t ur unpredictable feelings. 15 But the prblem is that shields can becme heavy burdens — easy t put n yet difficult t remve — with terrible effects.
Since shields encurage us t hide negative parts f urselves, we can start t believe that we arenˈt wrth shwing. We might fear hw ur friends will judge ur struggles r hw ur families will view ur ambitins. 16
Hwever, we have t remember that we arenˈt perfect, nr shuld we expect t be. We need t find and cure the wunds underneath ur shields, but that means we have t let dwn ur guard. We may even have prblems we havenˈt admitted t urselves. 17 Even if it seems insignificant, every prblem shuld be acknwledged befre it grws. Befre being cured, we must knw that we need t be cured, and be kay with admitting that.
Knwing this takes bravery and patience, s itˈll be hard. 18 Yet asking fr help means admitting ur prblems t smebdy else — it means letting them see whatˈs behind ur shields. T make it easier, we can reveal urselves t smebdy clse t us wh we trust will understand us and prvide persnal supprt. Or, if we fear judgement, we can pen up t smene distant but knwledgeable, such as a cunsellr r a help line. N matter what, we can find help when we begin searching.
19 We can be mre frgiving f faults s we can becme cmfrtable with urs and encurage thers t fllw. Mst imprtantly, we can let peple knw that we are willing t listen and help and make it easier t let dwn ur shields.
A. This is nt a bad thing.
B. We need t be understd.
C. We shuldnˈt expect t d any f it withut help.
D. In shrt, we have the pwer t change this phenmenn.
E. Hence we decide t hide urselves underneath ur masks.
F. If yu canˈt trust yur partner, it wnˈt be easy t let them in.
G. Maybe weˈre hiding smething frm a friend r scared t admit an errr.
15.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。
It was my first day f high schl, and it was my first day f schl in a new city. There was nly ne thing n my mind: what t wear. A gd image is everything, s it was imprtant fr me t 20 the peple wh I wuld spend the next fur years with.
Fr the first time in my life, I thught abut hw cnvenient it wuld be t wear the schl unifrm. After carefully selecting, I emerged prudly in a patterned dress. An hur later, I felt 21 as I stepped ff the bus and headed tward rm 1136. But as I turned the crner int my first class, my jaw drpped t the flr.
Sitting at her desk was Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher, 22 the exact same dress as I. I kept my head dwn and tipted t my seat, but the first day meant intrductins in frnt f the whle class, and sn enugh it was my 23 . I made it thrugh my minute speech, until Mrs. Hutfil z std up,jkingly adding that she liked my 24 . Althugh this was the mment I had been wrrying frm the mment I walked in, all the 25 that had increased surprisingly melted away; the students wh had previusly been staring at their phnes 26 their heads as I shared my stry. My smile grew as I laughed with my peers, ending my speech with “And I am very stylish, much like my first perid 27 .” After class, I stayed behind and talked t Mrs. Hutfilz, sharing my previus wrry abut cming int a new schl and city. I was 28 t make a humrus and genuine cnnectin with my first teacher, ne that wuld cntinue fr the rest f the year.
While my first perid f high schl may nt have gne exactly the way I thught it wuld, it certainly made the day 29 in the best way, and taught me that Mrs. Hutfilz has an awesme sense f style!
20.A. impressB. surpriseC. pleaseD. encurage
21.A. shyB. luckyC. freeD. pwerful
22.A. preparingB. wearingC. hidingD. designing
23.A. turnB. chanceC. rewardD. slutin
24.A. writingB. styleC. speechD. vice
25.A. happinessB. cnfidenceC. bredmD. anxiety
26.A. nddedB. buriedC. raisedD. tuched
27.A. neighbrB. peerC. teacherD. friend
28.A. relievedB. nervusC. patientD. embarrassed
29.A. unpredictableB. unfrgettableC. unbearableD. unchangeable
四、语法填空：本大题共3小题，共45分。
30.Released n Aug 30, 2023, a three-episde web series 1 （title） Escape Frm the British Museum has becme ppular nline fr its tuching and innvative stry. The series fllws the jurney hme f a Chinese jade teapt that has cme t life as a girl. She runs away frm the British Museum and cmes acrss a Chinese jurnalist 1 helps the artifact（文物） return t China. The series aims t raise brader awareness f Chinese artifacts that 1 （keep） abrad.
(1)
(2)
(3)
31.In America, peple use bth “fall” and “autumn” t describe the 1 （three） seasn f the year.Accrding t Dictinary. cm,these tw wrds were first dcumented within a few 2 （century）. The perid between summer and winter was called “harvest” 3 ld English. This wrd has Germanic rigins highlighting the act f gathering and preserving crps befre winter. In the 1500s, English speakers 4 （begin） referring t the seasn between cld and warm mnths as the “fall f the leaf” which later shrtened t “fall”.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
32.Wake up early enugh and prbably yu 1 （hear） a pleasant chrus f birds. This early singing can start as early as 4 a. m. and last fr several hurs. Birds d it 2 （attract） mates and warn ther birds t avid their place. One thery as t 3 they chse the early mrning t cmmunicate these imprtant messages is that the lw visibility makes it hard t d ther bird activities, like searching fr fd. Keeping their activity level lw, they chse t sing instead.
(1)
(2)
(3)
五、阅读表达：本大题共1小题，共10分。
33.I always wanted t be like explrers Marc Pl r Ibn Battuta. They traveled the wrld with curisity and a desire t share with thers the marvels they discvered. They had n Internet, guidebks, scial media, blgs, vlgs, reviews, r slideshws. And with s much infrmatin available, hw can ne pssibly be like these travel writing pineers?
The answer may shck yu as it did my travel jurnalism students. I plan nthing in advance except fr a place t stay and let the place reveal itself t me n its wn terms. And hw des that wrk ut? I have cntributed t 130 internatinal publicatins with articles abut what I discvered.
I d nt recmmend this apprach t everyne. But what I d suggest is that yu give up yur desire t have everything planned in advance, and that yu stp bsessing abut all the trip details and trying t make it a perfect trip. Whether yu are traveling with a tur grup, friends, family, r sl, leave unstructured time, s magic can happen.
Many peple I knw apprach travel like a jb, and a stressful ne at that. They want t make sure they cver all the bases and dnˈt miss anything. But in my pinin, they cpy what thers have dne befre them and check each site ff n a list.
S hw d yu make yur trip unique? I call it slw travel. Itˈs nt just abut slwing dwn. Instead f running frm place t place, yu lk arund yu, yu take yur envirnment in, yu ntice things that perhaps n ne has ever nticed befre. Yu can start talking t peple. Randm peple yu meet and talk t are a key element yu cannt plan fr. They may tell yu abut places and events that will enrich yur trip. They give yu lcal insider tips. They may even accmpany yu r invite yu t jin them fr an experience. They have enriched every trip I have taken. And the mre yu talk t peple — even if yu are shy — the mre yu develp the self - cnfidence t d mre f it. And then yu are really in the present, having an experience that is uniquely yurs.
(1) Why des the authrˈs way f travelling shck her students? ________________________________________________________________________
(2) What des the authr think f mst pepleˈs way f travelling? ________________________________________________________________________
(3) Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Yu can make yur trip unique by making a detailed plan, nticing new things in the place and meeting lcal peple t experience lcal life.
________________________________________________________________________________________________
(4) Besides slw travel, in what ther aspect （s） in ur life d yu think we shuld slw dwn? Why? （In abut 40 wrds）
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
34.假设你是高三年级学生李华，近期你的社区将举办一次以“未来社区（Future Cmmunity）”为主题的设计展，你的作品也在展览之列，请你发邮件邀请你的英国朋友Jim 参观展览，内容包括：
1.活动的基本信息（时间、地点、展览内容等）；
2.你的作品介绍。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、D
【解析】略
1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4~7.【答案】B、B、C、D
【解析】略
1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
8~10.【答案】D、C、C
【解析】略
1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
11~14.【答案】D、A、A、B
【解析】略
1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
15~19.【答案】A、E、G、C、D
【解析】略
1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
20~29.【答案】A、D、B、A、B、D、C、C、A、B
【解析】略
1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
6. 略
7. 略
8. 略
9. 略
10. 略
30.【答案】【小题1】
titled
【小题2】
wh
【小题3】
are kept
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
31.【答案】【小题1】
third
【小题2】
centuries
【小题3】
in
【小题4】
began
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
32.【答案】【小题1】
will hear
【小题2】
t attract
【小题3】
why
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
33.【答案】【小题1】
The authr plans nthing in advance except fr a place t stay and let the place reveal itself t him/her n its wn terms.
【小题2】
In the authrˈs pinin, they cpy what thers have dne befre them and check each site ff n a list.
【小题3】
Yu can make yur trip unique by making a detailed plan, nticing new things in the place and meeting lcal peple t experience lcal life. Accrding t the passage, the writer thinks we can make ur trip unique by slw travel. We can ntice things that perhaps n ne has ever nticed befre and talking with lcal peple. Making a detailed plan is nt part f slw travel.
【小题4】
略
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
34.【答案】Dear Jim,
Hwˈs everything ging? I just canˈt wait t tell yu an exhibitin themed “Future Cmmunity” will be held in ur cmmunity and the exciting news is that my wrk has been selected fr it! I am writing t invite yu t visit the exhibitin and see my wrk in persn.
The exhibitin will take place n May 20, 2024, lasting ne mnth, at the Cmmunity Center. The event will display varius artwrks and prjects visualizing the future f ur cmmunity.
Iˈm s glad t intrduce my art wrk t yu. It is titled Living the Smart Way, depicting a picture f future ec-friendly neighbrhd. That means ur future cmmunity will have upgraded waste dispsal facilities and mre efficient ways t light and heat buildings. Amazing, right? I prmise yu it will be a wnderful exhibitin. Lking frward t yur arrival.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】略