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2023-2024学年广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模英语试题（含详细答案解析）
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这是一份2023-2024学年广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模英语试题（含详细答案解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，任务型读写，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
A
A
When it cmes t cruise (游轮) travelling, there is truly smething fr everyne. See which ne sunds right fr yu.
Wnder f the Seas
Cruise line: Ryal Caribbean
Length: 1,188 feet
Width: 215 feet
Guest capacity: 7, 084
A true wnder, the current biggest ship in the wrld delights guests every week with a feast f activities, shws, meals and memries. Ryal Caribbeanˈs Wnder f the Seas has 16 guest decks, 2,204 crew members and 20 dining destinatins — nine f which are free f charge. It features a dry slide that twists dwn 10 decks, surfing simulatrs and an ice skating rink.
The Wrld Eurpa
Cruise line: MSC
Length: 1,093 feet
Width: 154 feet
Guest capacity: 6,762
The Wrld Eurpa, which tk t the sea fr the first time in 2022, features sme f the best rms n a cruise ship, thanks t mst cabins with a balcny. Peple lking fr smething a little less dramatic will enjy six pls, five mini cinemas and three featured libraries at sea. Yuˈll never g hungry n this ship, given its 10 restaurants. including fur main dining rms and three buffets.
Arvia
Cruise line: P&O Cruses
Length: 1.130 feet
Width: 138 feet
Guest capacity: 6.685
Whether yu want the sunshine f the Caribbean r the culture fund in and arund Mediterranean prts. Arvia is P&Oˈs largest cruise ship with 1,800 crew members, a three-screen cinema cmplex, a wide range f staterms and fur pls, including ne with a swim-up bar, prviding fd and beverage. Whether yuˈre single r have children, serius rest and relaxatin are definitely n the agenda.
Symphny f the Seas
Cruise line: Ryal Caribbean
Length:1.188 feet
Width: 216 feet
Guest capacity: 6.680
Imagine yuˈre enjying an all-inclusive experience n a big cruise ship. Symphny f the Seas ffers many spectacular activities, including Bradway-style theater shws, surfing simulatrs and the 10-stry dry slide. Thereˈs als delicius fd all ver the ship. Guests rarely feel vercrwded because seven distinct areas carve up the ship int unique spaces t play, eat, wander, sleep and enjy live entertainment.
1.Which prbably prvides the best ship rms?
A. Wnder f the Seas.B. The Wrld Eurpa.
C. Arvia.D. Symphny f the Seas.
2.Which ship is the best fr a traveller enjying persnal space?
A. Wnder f the Seas.B. The Wrld Eurpa.
C. Arvia.D. Symphny f the Seas.
3.What d the fur ships have in cmmn?
A. They prvide free fd service.B. They have many pls.
C. They prvide varius activities.D. They fllw the same rute.
B
B
Brian Petersn had just mved t Santa Ana, Califrnia. Outside his apartment, a hmeless man was ften yelling n the street crner, smetimes keeping him awake at night. Petersn,28, wuld pass the guy n his way t his jb as a car designer, but they never spke. What culd they pssibly have in cmmn?
One day, Petersn was relaxing at hme, reading the bk Lve Des, when his quiet was disturbed by the hmeless man. Inspired by the bkˈs sympathetic message, Petersn made an unexpected decisin: t g utside and intrduce himself.
Petersn learned that the manˈs name was Matt Faris. Heˈd mved t Suthern Califrnia frm Kentucky t pursue a career in music, but fell n hard times and ended up living n the street fr mre than a decade. Even thugh Petersn, a graduate f the Cleveland Institute f Art, hadnˈt picked up a paint brush in abut eight years, he fund himself asking if he culd paint Farisˈ prtrait. Faris said yes. “I saw beauty n the face f a man wh hadnˈt shaved in prbably a year, had vergrwn finger-nails and prbably hadnˈt had a shwer in clse t a year. But his stry, the life inside f him, inspired me.” Petersn recalled later.
Petersnˈs cnnectin with Faris led t Faces f Santa Ana: a nnprfit rganizatin that befriends and paints prtraits f unhused cmmunity members. Using a black-and-white pht taken with his phne, Petersn selects clrs based n the subjectˈs persnality and life stry, creating pwerful prtraits.
Petersn sells the 30-by-40-inch canvas — signed by bth subject and artist — fr a few thusand dllars. Faris used the prtrait funds t recrd an album, fulfilling his musical dreams.
Petersn has discvered that the buyers tend t cnnect t the stry f the persn in the painting, finding similarities and ften friendship with smene they might have therwise verlked. “Peple ften tell me, ‘I was the ne that wuld crss the street. But I see hmeless peple differently nw.ˈ” Petersn says.
4.Why did Petersn speak t Faris?
A. Farisˈ yelling disturbed his sleep.
B. He decided t make a new friend.
C. The quiet while reading was brken.
D. He felt a drive t practice kindness.
5.What inspired Petersn t paint Farisˈ prtrait?
A. Farisˈ life stry.B. Farisˈ beautiful face.
C. Desire fr art practice.D. Sympathy fr the hmeless.
6.What d the buyers think f the canvas?
A. They reveal the life f pr peple.
B. They bear delicate signatures frm artists.
C. They shw vivid prtraits with rich clrs.
D. They build bnd between peple seemingly different.
7.Which f the fllwing can best describe Petersn?
A. Brave and kind.B. Talkative and cnsiderate.
C. Talented and ambitius.D. Perceptive and sympathetic.
C
C
In Switzerland, an ambitius prpsal culd see the cnstructin f an expansive undergrund netwrk thrugh which self-driving pds (吊舱) wuld transprt gds acrss the cuntry.
The prject, called Carg Sus Terrain (CST), is intended t reduce the reliance n trucks fr mving carg. Glbal demand fr freight (货物) transprtatin is grwing, just as much f the wrld is seeing a shrtage f truck drivers. Meanwhile, higher fuel prices have made rad transprtatin mre expensive, while transprting freight by rad accunts fr arund 6% f glbal carbn dixide emissins.
If built, the netwrk wuld stretch rughly 500 kilmeters frm Geneva in the west f Switzerland t St. Gallen in the nrtheast, and be cmpleted arund 2045. The netwrk f tunnels will be 40 t 80 meters belw grund and the autnmus pds will drive alng three lanes at arund 30 kilmeters per hur. And the carg will be laded and unladed at designated hubs (枢纽) emplying lifts t take gds t and frm the surface.
The prject was apprved by the Swiss gvernment in 2021. Althugh thereˈs a lng way t g befre cnstructin can begin, earlier in 2023 CST began its preliminary wrk in the field — explratry drilling alng the Härkingen-Niederbipp rute.
The biggest challenge fr CST will be the expense. CST estimates that it will cst arund 30 billin Swiss Francs ($34 billin) fr the entire netwrk. The prject will be entirely privately funded, with investrs including Credit Suisse, Cp, and Siemens. Althugh a huge amunt f funding still needs t be fund, much f the technlgy fr the autmatin and peratin f the netwrk already exists. Anther key challenge is wrking ut hw t transprt freight abve grund frm the tunnels t stres in cities — withut adding t rad traffic.
Despite all the hurdles, Patrik Aellig, head f cmmunicatin fr CST, remains ptimistic. CST is “at the frefrnt” f undergrund freight transprt.
8.What mainly led t the prject CST?
A. Expensive truck drivers.B. Serius shrtage f fuel.
C. Envirnmental cncern.D. Heavy freight transprtatin.
9.What des the authr intend t d in paragraph 3?
A. T present the way the netwrk will wrk.
B. T prvide a blueprint f the netwrk.
C. T prve the efficiency f the netwrk.
D. T shw the advancement f the netwrk.
10.What des the underlined wrd “preliminary” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Innvative.B. Significant.C. Preparatry.D. Cnstructive.
11.What is a great challenge fr CST?
A. Absence f fund.B. Lack f technlgy.
C. Last-mile delivery.D. Transprt safety.
D
D
Children with strng family cnnectins are assciated with a high likelihd f flurishing (成功) in life, accrding t a new study led by Dr. Rbert Whitaker frm Clumbia University, wh surveyed ver 37,000 children in 26 cuntries.
Family cnnectin was determined by a mean scre f five categries: care, supprt, safety, respect and participatin. Fr each subject, the participants were given a statement and asked t assess nw much they agreed with it, scring frm zer (d nt agree) t fur (strngly agree). Fr example, t measure care, they were asked hw much they agreed with the statement, “I feel safe at hme.”
The cre f family cnnectin is children feeling that theyˈre accepted and nurtured at hme, which allws them t learn what their strengths and weaknesses are in a safe envirnment as they are building their identity, Whitaker said.
Children with the greatest level f family cnnectin were ver 49% mre likely t flurish cmpared with thse with the lwest level f family cnnectin, accrding t the study. The highest scres in bth family cnnectin and flurishing came frm children wh lived with parents r never had their family wrrying abut finances.
Researchers then cntrlled the data fr familiesˈ pverty levels, including financial circumstances and fd insecurity, t remve the effect they may have had n the numbers. After cntrlling fr these factrs, the strength f family cnnectins still impacted hw much children flurished.
S it is imprtant t create a space where children feel seen and heard. While they are talking, grwn-ups shuld shw that they have a genuine interest in what their children are saying and try t suspend judgment. Adults d nt need t make grand gestures t bnd with their children. Having meaningful cnversatins is mre imprtant fr yur cnnectin than taking them n expensive trips. Silence is als anther pwerful frm f cmmunicatin. Children and parents spending time tgether in silence r even running an errand r ding chres can create a cnnectin.
12.What were the participants required t d in the research?
A. Add up the scres theyˈve gt.B. Assess sme statements.
C. Recall their childhd life.D. Categrize sme statements.
13.Hw des strng family cnnectin help childrenˈs life success?
A. It allws them t build their identity.
B. It enables them t accept thers.
C. It prvides safe living cnditins.
D. It makes them better knw themselves.
14.Hw shuld parents bnd with their children, accrding t the authr?
A. T listen t them attentively.B. T judge them immediately.
C. T rganize trips frequently.D. T assign husewrk regularly.
15.Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Clse family bnd brings successful children.
B. Children shwing care will flurish.
C. Cmmunicatin helps family cnnectin.
D. Family cnnectin ensures healthy children.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。
While it`s simple t name many famus male inventrs, peple might be hard-pressed t name sme female inventrs. ___16__
___17___ Back n a freezing winterˈs day in 1902, Mary Andersn was traveling by tram thrugh New Yrk City. Snw was falling, frcing the driver t stp repeatedly and get ut t clear it. Each time the dr pened, Mary suffered a gust f wind. She had a sudden gd idea: why nt make sme kind f a rubber blade(刮片) that culd be perated frm inside the vehicle? ___18___
Whatˈs mre, the dishwasher dates back even earlier t the 19th century and t the dinner parties held by a lady called Jsephine Cchrane. As a frequent hstess, she wanted a machine that culd wash dishes faster than humans. ___19___ And finally, she develped what was t becme the first cmmercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innvatin was in her bld: her grandfather had invented the steambat.
Lastly, ne f the mst imprtant inventins f the 20th century must surely be the cmputer prgram. In tdayˈs wrld f prgramming, men vastly utnumber wmen. ___20___ Grace Hpper is credited with inventing the first cmpiler(编译程序) in 1952.
A. And thatˈs exactly what she did.
B. That was hw the inventin came int being.
C. As a respnse, she cnducted many experiments.
D. Firstly, what led t the inventin f the windscreen cleaner?
E. But back in the 1940s and 50s, wmen led the way in this new field.
F. Fr example, where wuld we be withut the windscreen cleaner?
G. Yet wmen are behind sme widely used technlgies in the mdern wrld.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共22.5分。
Whatˈs the pint f studying? Itˈs smething yu might ask yurself if yuˈre ___21___ t finish an assignment, ___22___ if yur friends seem t be ut having fun, r are ___23___ and earning lts f mney.
Many f us chse t g t university as a first step twards a gd ___24___, but smetimes graduates are educated beynd what is necessary fr a jb. Even s, accrding t a research cnducted by an rganizatin, a ___25___ will, in the lng run, earn yu mre. Whatˈs mre, there are ___26___ in yur earning ptential. A researcher says that graduates f the 24 Russell Grup universities earn abut 40% mre than thse wh studied at ther universities after five years.
___27___, it fund itˈs nt just the lcatin but ther factrs that can ___28___ what yu can earn. Fr example, graduates in subjects such as law and medicine ___29___ t d well. And as they prgress, the pay gap between these careers and thers, such as the creative arts, ____30____. Als, a studentˈs ___31____ backgrund can have an effect, with thse frm husehlds highly valuing educatin much mre likely t g t university, and mstly likely a ____32____ ne.
But if yu still dnˈt feel university delivers the best wrk pprtunities, there are ____33____ wrds frm Alistair Jarvis, head f Universities UK, wh says that graduates are half as likely t be ____34____ as nn-graduates. S maybe all that studying is ____35____— after all “n pains, n gains”!
21.A. planningB. strugglingC. tryingD. hping
22.A. actuallyB. usuallyC. especiallyD. generally
23.A. wrkingB. studyingC. wanderingD. living
24.A. educatinB. lifeC. marriageD. career
25.A. degreeB. majrC. skillD. patent
26.A. changesB. difficultiesC. imprvementsD. differences
27.A. ThenB. TherefreC. MreverD. Instead
28.A. invlve inB. cntribute tC. cnsist fD. result frm
29.A. happenB. tendC. lngD. manage
30.A. existsB. disappearsC. widensD. varies
31.A. religiusB. histricalC. educatinalD. scial
32.A. bigB. gdC. ppularD. public
33.A. encuragingB. amazingC. sincereD. scientific
34.A. disrespectedB. distrustedC. unemplyedD. unpaid
35.A. reliableB. favrableC. interestingD. rewarding
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Cheng Yuyan never expected that the interest grup “We Lve Strlling in the Park”, ___1___ she casually created fur years ag n Duban, a Chinese scial media platfrm, wuld nw apprach 100,000 members.
Accrding t ___2___ 225-year-ld frm Shanghai, establishing this grup was just a spur-f-the-mment decisin, ___3_ she didnˈt invest much time in managing it afterwards. Hwever, park enthusiasts frm all ver China and even verseas have spntaneusly made ___4___ their gathering cmmunity. Peple share park experiences, pst phts ___5___(take)in parks, and ffer recmmendatins and reviews abut parks.
Within this grup, there is a tag called”20 minutes fr parks”, which __6___(cme) frm a thery riginating frm the Internatinal Jurnal f Envirnmental Health Research. Accrding t the thery, ___7___(spend)20 minutes in a park daily helps t reduce stress, regardless f ___8__ peple exercise in it r simply take a walk.
Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdng prvince, is an enthusiastic ___9__(supprt) f this idea. “On that patch f grass, I culd cnnect with living plants and animals, allwing me t refresh my mind and heal ____10____ the stresses f the wrkplace,” Huang said.
(1) ________
(2) ________
(3) ________
(4) ________
(5) ________
(6) ________
(7) ________
(8) ________
(9) ________
(10) ________
五、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。
37.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I pressed my fist int Dadˈs ld baseball glve as I stared ut f the windw f my stepfatherˈs van. Nt a day went by that I didnˈt think abut Dad and hw much I missed him.
The van stpped at the edge f the baseball field. “Hey, buddy, have fun at practice. And dnˈt frget abut yur sisterˈs recital (表演) tnight,” said my stepfather as I climbed ut.
Ze is nt my sister， and yu canˈt tell me what t d, I grumbled (嘟囔) t myself.
A bunch f guys frm the team waved frm the dugut. I jgged ver half-heartedly. “Why d yu lk s unhappy?” David asked. “I have t g t my stepsisterˈs dance recital,” I sighed. “It culd be wrse,” David replied. I sht him an I-highly-dubt-that expressin. “What if yu had t perfrm in it?” Kevin said as he leaped and twirled (旋转) like a rde bull. I tried nt t smile.
The truth was that I had a lt f mixed-up feelings since Mm remarried a few mnths ag. I had always lved baseball, but even that felt different lately. I culd barely cncentrate.
After practice, David and I sat tgether waiting fr ur ride. “I wish things didnˈt have t change,” I said, “yu knw, fr my mm and me.”“ I have a stepmther and stepbrther t,” David said as if it were n big deal. “Seriusly?” I hadnˈt realized that, s I asked. David shrugged, “Theyˈre just Mm and Dennis nw. Give it a chance.” I let ut a breath, still unsure abut the recital tnight. Still unsure abut everything!
Back hme, I fund Ze in her cstume, but smething was wrng. Her arms were flded tight acrss her chest, and her eyes were glssed with tears. “Whatˈs wrng, Ze?” I asked. “Opening night jitters (战战兢兢),” my stepfather said. “She desnˈt want t be in the recital,” Mm said.
Huh. This shuld have been the best thing that culd have happened — the pssibility f nt having t g t the perfrmance. But smehw it wasnˈt. Ze had practiced s hard. And sheˈd reminded me at least a thusand times where she wuld be nstage.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Thinking f Kevinˈs funny dance, I had an idea.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
After Ze disappeared int dancers backstage, we fund ur seats.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
38.假如你是李华，你的英国朋友William写信告知你，他计划申请来中国支教，但有些担忧。请你写一封回信鼓励他。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear William,
___________________________________________
____________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、B
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个游轮的情况。
1. 细节理解题。根据The Wrld Eurpa部分中“The Wrld Eurpa, which tk t the sea fr the first time in 2022, features sme f the best rms n a cruise ship, thanks t mst cabins with a balcny.(世界欧罗巴号于2022年首次出海，由于大多数船舱都带阳台，它的客房是游轮上最好的)”可知，世界欧罗巴号的房间最好。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Guests rarely feel vercrwded because seven distinct areas carve up the ship int unique spaces t play, eat, wander, sleep and enjy live entertainment.(游客很少感到拥挤，因为七个不同的区域将船上分割成独特的空间，可以玩耍、吃饭、漫步、睡觉和享受现场娱乐)”可知，Symphny f the Seas最适合享受私人空间。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据第一部分“It features a dry slide that twists dwn 10 decks, surfing simulatrs and an ice skating rink. (它有一个干燥的滑梯，可以沿着10层甲板蜿蜒而下，还有冲浪模拟器和溜冰场)”；第二部分“Peple lking fr smething a little less dramatic will enjy six pls, five mini cinemas and three featured libraries at sea. (想找点不那么引人注目的东西的人可以在海上享受六个游泳池，五个迷你电影院和三个特色图书馆)”；第三部分“Arvia is P&Oˈs largest cruise ship with 1,800 crew members, a three-screen cinema cmplex, a wide range f staterms and fur pls, including ne with a swim-up bar, prviding fd and beverage.(Arvia是P&O最大的游轮，拥有1800名船员，一个三屏幕的电影院，各种各样的客舱和四个游泳池，其中一个带游泳酒吧，提供食品和饮料)”以及最后一部分“(海洋交响曲号提供了许多壮观的活动，包括百老汇风格的戏剧表演、冲浪模拟器和10层的干滑梯)”可知，这四艘船的共同点是都有很多游泳池。故选B。
4~7.【答案】D、A、D、D
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了布莱恩·彼得森在认识流浪汉马特·法里斯后，他突发奇想成立了一个非营利组织，专注于与社区中无家可归的成员交朋友，并为他们画肖像，通过售卖肖像所得的钱帮助他们重新站起来的故事。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“One day, Petersn was relaxing at hme, reading the bk Lve Des, when his quiet was disturbed by the hmeless man. Inspired by the bkˈs sympathetic message, Petersn made an unexpected decisin: t g utside and intrduce himself.( 一天，彼得森正在家里放松，读着《爱的力量》这本书，这时他的安静被一个无家可归的人打破了。受到书中充满同情的信息的启发，彼得森做出了一个意想不到的决定：到外面做自我介绍。)”可知，受到书中的启发，一种行善的冲动让Petersn去与Faris交谈。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Petersn learned that the manˈs name was Matt Faris. Heˈd mved t Suthern Califrnia frm Kentucky t pursue a career in music, but fell n hard times and ended up living n the street fr mre than a decade. Even thugh Petersn, a graduate f the Cleveland Institute f Art, hadnˈt picked up a paint brush in abut eight years, he fund himself asking if he culd paint Farisˈ prtrait. Faris said yes. “I saw beauty n the face f a man wh hadnˈt shaved in prbably a year, had vergrwn finger-nails and prbably hadnˈt had a shwer in clse t a year. But his stry, the life inside f him, inspired me.” Petersn recalled later.(彼得森得知这个人的名字叫马特·法里斯。为了追求音乐事业，他从肯塔基州搬到了南加州，但却陷入了困境，最终在街头流浪了十多年。尽管毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院(Cleveland Institute f Art)的彼得森已经有八年没有拿起画笔了，但他发现自己在问自己是否能画出法里斯的肖像。法瑞斯答应了。“我在一个大概一年没刮胡子、指甲长得太长、可能将近一年没洗澡的男人脸上看到了美。但他的故事，他内心的生活，激励了我。”彼得森后来回忆道。) ”可知，彼得森主动提出为法里斯画肖像的原因是他被法里斯的故事所感动。故选A项。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Petersn has discvered that the buyers tend t cnnect t the stry f the persn in the painting, finding similarities and ften friendship with smene they might have therwise verlked. “Peple ften tell me, ‘I was the ne that wuld crss the street. But I see hmeless peple differently nw.ˈ” Petersn says.( 彼得森发现，买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来，找到相似之处，往往与他们可能忽视的人建立友谊。“人们经常告诉我，‘我是那个会过马路的人。但我现在对无家可归者的看法不同了。ˈ”彼得森说。)”可知，买家认为这些画在看似不同的人之间建立联系。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Petersnˈs cnnectin with Faris led t Faces f Santa Ana: a nnprfit rganizatin that befriends and paints prtraits f unhused cmmunity members. Using a black-and-white pht taken with his phne, Petersn selects clrs based n the subjectˈs persnality and life stry, creating pwerful prtraits.（彼得森与法瑞斯的联系促成了圣安娜之脸的成立:这是一个非营利组织，帮助无家可归的社区成员交朋友，并为他们画肖像。彼得森使用手机拍摄的黑白照片，根据拍摄对象的个性和生活故事选择颜色，创造出强大的肖像。）和第五段“Petersn sells the 30-by-40-inch canvas—signed by bth subject and artist —fr a few thusand dllars. Faris used the prtrait funds t recrd an album, fulfilling his musical dreams.( 彼得森以几千美元的价格出售这幅30 × 40英寸的油画，油画上有主题和艺术家的签名。法里斯用肖像基金录制了一张专辑，实现了他的音乐梦想。)”可知，彼得森建立非盈利组织帮助无家可归的人，为他们画栩栩如生的肖像，卖画所得的钱帮助他们建立新生活，可推断出他是一个敏锐且有同情心的人。故选D。
8~11.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了瑞士要建设一个庞大的地下网络，在全国范围内运输货物。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The prject, called Carg Sus Terrain (CST), is intended t reduce the reliance n trucks fr mving carg. Glbal demand fr freight (货物) transprtatin is grwing, just as much f the wrld is seeing a shrtage f truck drivers. Meanwhile, higher fuel prices have made rad transprtatin mre expensive, while transprting freight by rad accunts fr arund 6% f glbal carbn dixide emissins.(该项目被称为货运地面（CST），旨在减少对卡车运输货物的依赖。全球货运需求正在增长，就像世界上许多地方出现卡车司机短缺一样。与此同时，燃料价格上涨使得公路运输成本更高，而公路货运占全球二氧化碳排放量的6%左右)”可知，严重的货物运输压力主要导致了CST项目。故选D。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“If built, the netwrk wuld stretch rughly 500 kilmeters frm Geneva in the west f Switzerland t St. Gallen in the nrtheast, and be cmpleted arund 2045. The netwrk f tunnels will be 40 t 80 meters belw grund and the autnmus pds will drive alng three lanes at arund 30 kilmeters per hur. And the carg will be laded and unladed at designated hubs (枢纽) emplying lifts t take gds t and frm the surface.(如果建成，该网络将从瑞士西部的日内瓦延伸到东北部的圣加仑，全长约500公里，并将于2045年左右完工。隧道网络将位于地下40至80米，自动驾驶舱将以每小时30公里的速度沿着三条车道行驶。货物将在指定的集散地装卸，使用升降机将货物运送到地面)”可知，作者在第3段打算提供网络的蓝图。故选B。
3. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The prject was apprved by the Swiss gvernment in 2021. Althugh thereˈs a lng way t g befre cnstructin can begin”可知，该项目于2021年获得瑞士政府批准，而在施工开始之前还有很长的路要走，说明2023年初进行的是准备性的工作。故划线词意思是“准备性的”。故选C。
4. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The biggest challenge fr CST will be the expense. CST estimates that it will cst arund 30 billin Swiss Francs ($34 billin) fr the entire netwrk. The prject will be entirely privately funded, with investrs including Credit Suisse, Cp, and Siemens.(CST面临的最大挑战将是费用。CST估计整个网络将耗资约300亿瑞士法郎(340亿美元)。该项目将完全由私人投资，投资者包括瑞士信贷、Cp和西门子。虽然还需要大量的资金，但大部分网络自动化和运营的技术已经存在)”可知，CST面临的最大挑战是缺乏资金。故选A。
12~15.【答案】B、D、A、A
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有研究证实了家庭关系对于儿童成功的重要性，成年人可以通过倾听他们的意见以及在沉默时展现关心来加强家庭联系。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Fr each subject, the participants were given a statement and asked t assess nw much they agreed with it, scring frm zer (d nt agree) t fur (strngly agree).”（对于每个主题，参与者都会得到一个陈述，并被要求评估他们对此有多么同意，得分从零（不同意）到四（强烈同意）。）可知，参与者需要评估一些陈述。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The cre f family cnnectin is children feeling that theyˈre accepted and nurtured at hme, which allws them t learn what their strengths and weaknesses are in a safe envirnment as they are building their identity, Whitaker said.”（家庭联系的核心是孩子们在家中感到被接纳和培养，这使他们能够在建立自我身份的同时，在安全的环境中了解自己的优点和缺点，Whitaker说。）可知，强大的家庭联系可以帮助孩子更好地了解自己。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“S it is imprtant t create a space where children feel seen and heard. While they are talking, grwn-ups shuld shw that they have a genuine interest in what their children are saying and try t suspend judgment.”（所以，创建一个让孩子感到被看见和听见的空间是很重要的。当他们在说话时，成年人应该表现出他们对孩子们所说的话真正感兴趣，并尽量暂停判断。）可知，父母应该专心倾听孩子。故选A。
4. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段“Children with strng family cnnectins are assciated with a high likelihd f flurishing (成功) in life”（家庭关系密切的孩子很有可能在生活中茁壮成长）可知，文章主要讲述了家庭联系的强度对孩子的成功生活的影响，以及如何与孩子建立紧密的联系。因此， A选项“紧密的家庭联系带来成功的孩子”最能概括全文主题。故选A
16~20.【答案】G、D、A、C、E
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四位伟大女性发明家以及她们的发明创造。
1. 前文“While it`s simple t name many famus male inventrs, peple might be hard-pressed t name sme female inventrs.(虽然说出许多著名的男性发明家的名字很容易，但人们可能很难说出一些女性发明家的名字。 )”讲述人们很难说出一些女性发明家的名字，结合下文描述的几位伟大的女性和她们的成就可推断G项“然而，现代世界中一些广泛使用的技术背后是女性。”符合语境，承上启下。故填G。
2. 后文“Back n a freezing winterˈs day in 1902, Mary Andersn was traveling by tram thrugh New Yrk City. Snw was falling, frcing the driver t stp repeatedly and get ut t clear it. Each time the dr pened, Mary suffered a gust f wind. She had a sudden gd idea: why nt make sme kind f a rubber blade(刮片) that culd be perated frm inside the vehicle? ( 1902年一个寒冷的冬日，玛丽·安德森(Mary Andersn)正乘坐有轨电车穿越纽约市。大雪纷飞，司机不得不多次停车，下车清理积雪。每次门一开，玛丽就感到一阵风。她突然有了一个好主意:为什么不做一种可以在车内操作的橡胶刮片呢?)”讲述玛丽·安德森发明挡风玻璃清洁的故事，因此推断D项“首先，是什么导致了挡风玻璃清洁剂的发明?”符合语境，与下文的whatˈs mre，lastly呼应。故填D。
3. 前文“She had a sudden gd idea: why nt make sme kind f a rubber blade(刮片) that culd be perated frm inside the vehicle? (她突然有了一个好主意:为什么不做一种可以在车内操作的橡胶刮片呢?)”讲述玛丽想到了发明车内清洁挡风玻璃的主意，结合常识这种东西发明出来了，因此推断A项“那就是她做的”符合语境，故填A。
4. 前文“Whatˈs mre, the dishwasher dates back even earlier t the 19th century and t the dinner parties held by a lady called Jsephine Cchrane. As a frequent hstess, she wanted a machine that culd wash dishes faster than humans.( 此外，洗碗机的历史可以追溯到更早的19世纪，一位名叫约瑟芬·科克伦(Jsephine Cchrane)的女士举办的晚宴上。作为一个经常做女主人的人，她想要一台洗碗速度比人类快的机器。)”讲述约瑟芬·科克伦想要一台洗碗机，后文“And finally, she develped what was t becme the first cmmercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innvatin was in her bld: her grandfather had invented the steambat.(最后，她发明了第一个商业上成功的洗碗机。有趣的是，她的血液中流淌着创新：她的祖父发明了汽船。)”讲述她发明了洗碗机，因此推断C项“作为回应，她进行了许多实验。”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
5. 前文“Lastly, ne f the mst imprtant inventins f the 20th century must surely be the cmputer prgram. In tdayˈs wrld f prgramming, men vastly utnumber wmen.( 最后，20世纪最重要的发明之一肯定是计算机程序。在当今的编程世界中，男性的数量远远超过女性。)”讲述计算机编程领域男性多，下文“Grace Hpper is credited with inventing the first cmpiler(编译程序) in 1952.(格蕾丝·霍珀于1952年发明了第一个编译器。)”讲述格蕾丝·霍珀发明了编译器，因此推断E项“但在20世纪40年代和50年代，女性在这个新领域处于领先地位。”符合语境，与前文是转折关系，承接下文。故选E。
21~35.【答案】B、C、A、D、A、D、D、B、B、C、D、B、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。上大学获取一个学位可不是件容易的事。大多数人相信，获得大学文凭对一名毕业生的未来职业发展必有帮助。但这一纸文凭究竟有那么管用吗？学生所学习的专业会影响其未来的就业和收入吗？短文讨论在英国，学历和收入之间的关系。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A. planning计划；B. struggling奋斗；C. trying尝试； D. hping 希望。根据上文“Whatˈs the pint f studying?”以及下文“___2___ if yur friends seem t be ut having fun, r are ___3___ and earning lts f mney.”可知，下文说的场景与学习形成了反差，所以是努力的完成学习上的任务。故选B项。
2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A. actually事实上；B. usually通常；C. especially 尤其地；D. generally大概。根据下文“if yur friends seem t be ut having fun, r are ___3___ and earning lts f mney.”可知，本句在强调。故选C项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A. wrking工作；B. studying学习；C. wandering想知道；D. living生活。根据下文“earning lts f mney”工作才能赚钱。故选 A项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们中的许多人选择上大学作为迈向好职业的第一步，但有时毕业生所受的教育超出了工作所需的范围。A. educatin教育；B. life生活；C. marriage婚姻；D. career职业。根据常识可知，上大学作为迈向好职业的第一步。故选D项。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即便如此，根据一家机构进行的一项研究，从长远来看，学位会给你带来更多的收入。A. degree学位；B. majr专业；C. skill技能；D. patent专利。根据下文“ A researcher says that graduates f the 24 Russell Grup universities earn abut 40% mre than thse wh studied at ther universities after five years.”可知，即使是上了大学，学位的不同会导致收入的不同。故选A项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，你们的收入潜力也不同。A. changes 改变；B. difficulties困难；C. imprvements 提高；D. differences差异，不同。根据上文“a ___5___ will, in the lng run, earn yu mre.”可知，学位导致了不同的收入，所以收入潜力也不同。故选D项。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：反而，它发现不仅仅是地点，还有其他因素会导致了你的收入不同。A. Then然后；B. Therefre因此；C. Mrever此外；D. Instead反而。根据句意可知，上下文为转折关系。故选D项。
8. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：反而，它发现不仅仅是地点，还有其他因素会导致了你的收入不同。A. invlve in参与；B. cntribute t有助于，导致；C. cnsist f由……组成；D. result frm由…导致。根据上文“itˈs nt just the lcatin but ther factrs”可知，还有其他因素会导致了你的收入不同。故选B项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，法律和医学等专业的毕业生往往表现良好。A. happen发生；B. tend倾向于，往往会；C. lng渴望；D. manage管理。根据上文“graduates in subjects such as law and medicine”可知，法律和医学作为热门和受尊重的行业收入可观。故选B项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着他们的进步，这些职业与其他职业(如创意艺术)之间的薪酬差距也在扩大。A. exists存在；B. disappears消失；C. widens加宽；D. varies变化。根据上文“And as they prgress”可知，法律和医学等专业在进步，所以收入差距与其他行业相比会增大。故选C项。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，学生的社会背景也会产生影响，来自重视教育家庭的学生更有可能上大学，而且多半是一所好大学。A. religius宗教的；B. histrical历史的；C. educatinal教育的；D. scial社会的。根据下文“with thse frm husehlds highly valuing educatin”可知，这些都是社会背景。故选D项
12. 考查词形容词义辨析。句意：此外，学生的社会背景也会产生影响，来自重视教育家庭的学生更有可能上大学，而且多半是一所好大学。A. big大的；B. gd好的；C. ppular受欢迎的；D. public公共的。根据上文“with thse frm husehlds highly valuing educatin much mre likely t g t university”可知，重视教育家庭的学生多半上一所好大学。故选B项。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你仍然觉得大学不能提供最好的工作机会，英国大学联合会主席Alistair Jarvis的话令人鼓舞。他说，大学毕业生失业的可能性是非大学毕业生的一半。A. encuraging令人鼓舞的；B. amazing令人惊讶的；C. sincere真诚的；D. scientific科学的。根据下文“wh says that graduates are half as likely t be ___14___ as nn-graduates.”可知，这是鼓舞人心的话。故选A项。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你仍然觉得大学不能提供最好的工作机会，英国大学联合会主席Alistair Jarvis的话令人鼓舞。他说，大学毕业生失业的可能性是非大学毕业生的一半。A. disrespected不尊重的；B. distrusted不被信任的； C. unemplyed失业的；D. unpaid无报酬的。Alistair Jarvis是支持上大学的，所以他在拿失业率作比较。故选C项。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以也许所有的学习都是有回报的——毕竟“一分耕耘，一分收获”!。A. reliable可依赖的；B. favrable 有利的；良好的；C. interesting有趣的；D. rewarding有益的；值得做的；报酬高的。根据下文“n pains, n gains”可知，学习是有回报的。故选D项。
36.【答案】【小题1】
which
【小题2】
the
【小题3】
and
【小题4】
it
【小题5】
taken
【小题6】
cmes
【小题7】
spending
【小题8】
whether
【小题9】
supprter
【小题10】
frm
【解析】1. 考查定语从句。句意：4年前，承雨嫣万万没想到她无意中在中国社交媒体平台豆瓣上创建了一个兴趣小组“我们爱逛公园”，现在已经有了10万名成员。修饰grup，在从句中作created的宾语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。故填which。
2. 考查冠词。句意：据这位来自上海的25岁女孩说，创建这个小组只是一个偶然的决定，之后她并没有在里面花太多时间。此处特指上文提到的“Cheng Yuyan”，用定冠词修饰，故填the。
3. 考查连词。句意：据这位来自上海的25岁女孩说，创建这个小组只是一个偶然的决定，之后她并没有在里面花太多时间。前后文是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
4. 考查代词。句意：然而，来自全国甚至海外的公园爱好者自愿将其作为他们的聚集地。根据上下文可知，此处指代把这个兴趣小组作为一个聚集地。用代词it作宾语，故填it。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们分享公园的经历，张贴在公园里拍摄的照片，并提供关于公园的建议和评论。take作定语，修饰phts，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式，故填taken。
6. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这一群体中，有一种说法叫做“公园20分钟”，它来自《国际环境健康研究杂志》的一个理论。cme作which引导的定语从句的谓语动词，描述现在的事实用一般现在时，which指代tag，是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填cmes。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据这一理论，无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步，每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。spend作主语，用动名词形式，故填spending。
8. 考查从属连词。句意：根据这一理论，无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步，每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。介词f后接宾语从句，whether…r…“无论是……还是……”，符合语境。故填whether。
9. 考查名词。句意：黄兵兵，现居广东深圳，是这个理论的支持者。不定冠词an修饰可数名词单数，作表语。故填supprter。
10. 考查介词。句意：黄说：“在草坪上，我能感到和动植物联结，让我感觉头脑清醒，从工作压力中恢复过来。”heal frm“从……康复、恢复”，固定短语。故填frm。
37.【答案】 Thinking f Kevinˈs funny dance， I had an idea. “Ze,” I said, “Remember, yu’ve wrked s hard fr this. The stage is waiting fr yu t shw them all what yu can d. And I’ll be there in the audience, cheering fr yu every step f the way.” Ze lked up at me, her eyes still glassy but a small spark f determinatin beginning t shine. We walked tgether t the van. As we drve t the recital, I culd see Ze gradually becming mre and mre relaxed.
After Ze disappeared int dancers backstage, we fund ur seats. I knew Ze was cunting n me t be there fr her, even if I didn’t feel like it at first. After the recital began, I sptted her. She was in the middle f the grup, her face bright with a smile that rivaled the stage lights. As she mved gracefully thrugh the rutine, I culdn’t help but feel prud f her. I realized that I had been selfish fr nt wanting t cme.
【解析】【文章大意】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的妈妈再婚，作者继父的女儿Ze要参加表演，作者并不太想去观看，在和朋友David谈话之后作者仍然不确定自己是否会去看Ze表演。回到家，作者看到了不太高兴的Ze，作者觉得Ze那么努力地练习了，她就应该上台去表演。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“想到Kevin那滑稽的舞蹈，我有了一个主意。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励Ze上台表演。
②由第二段首句内容“Ze消失在后台的舞者中后，我们找到了座位。”可知，第二段可描写Ze表演成功和作者的感想。
2.续写线索：鼓励——承诺要去看表演——Ze决定表演——Ze慢慢放松——Ze完成表演——作者的感想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①加油：cheer fr sb./cheer sb. n
②开车去：drive t sp./g t sp. in a car
③完成动作：mve thrugh the rutine/cmplete the rutine
情绪类
①放松的：relaxed/eased
②骄傲：feel prud f/take pride in
【点睛】[高分句型1] As we drve t the recital, I culd see Ze gradually becming mre and mre relaxed. (由as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] She was in the middle f the grup, her face bright with a smile that rivaled the stage lights.(由关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句)
38.【答案】【文章大意】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给William写一封回信鼓励他，他计划申请来中国支教，但有些担忧。
【解析】【详解】1.词汇积累
激动的：excited→thrilled
机会：chance→pprtunity
奉献：dedicatin→devtin
难忘的：unfrgettable→memrable
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Yur enthusiasm and dedicatin will be highly valued. Yuˈll learn s much frm the children and the experience itself.
拓展句：Nt nly will yur enthusiasm and dedicatin be highly valued, but als yuˈll learn s much frm the children and the experience itself.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Iˈm thrilled t hear abut yur intentin t teach in China! (运用了不定式作后置定语)
[高分句型2] Dnˈt hesitate, seize this pprtunity, and Iˈm cnfident yuˈll have an unfrgettable jurney. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
A
A
When it cmes t cruise (游轮) travelling, there is truly smething fr everyne. See which ne sunds right fr yu.
Wnder f the Seas
Cruise line: Ryal Caribbean
Length: 1,188 feet
Width: 215 feet
Guest capacity: 7, 084
A true wnder, the current biggest ship in the wrld delights guests every week with a feast f activities, shws, meals and memries. Ryal Caribbeanˈs Wnder f the Seas has 16 guest decks, 2,204 crew members and 20 dining destinatins — nine f which are free f charge. It features a dry slide that twists dwn 10 decks, surfing simulatrs and an ice skating rink.
The Wrld Eurpa
Cruise line: MSC
Length: 1,093 feet
Width: 154 feet
Guest capacity: 6,762
The Wrld Eurpa, which tk t the sea fr the first time in 2022, features sme f the best rms n a cruise ship, thanks t mst cabins with a balcny. Peple lking fr smething a little less dramatic will enjy six pls, five mini cinemas and three featured libraries at sea. Yuˈll never g hungry n this ship, given its 10 restaurants. including fur main dining rms and three buffets.
Arvia
Cruise line: P&O Cruses
Length: 1.130 feet
Width: 138 feet
Guest capacity: 6.685
Whether yu want the sunshine f the Caribbean r the culture fund in and arund Mediterranean prts. Arvia is P&Oˈs largest cruise ship with 1,800 crew members, a three-screen cinema cmplex, a wide range f staterms and fur pls, including ne with a swim-up bar, prviding fd and beverage. Whether yuˈre single r have children, serius rest and relaxatin are definitely n the agenda.
Symphny f the Seas
Cruise line: Ryal Caribbean
Length:1.188 feet
Width: 216 feet
Guest capacity: 6.680
Imagine yuˈre enjying an all-inclusive experience n a big cruise ship. Symphny f the Seas ffers many spectacular activities, including Bradway-style theater shws, surfing simulatrs and the 10-stry dry slide. Thereˈs als delicius fd all ver the ship. Guests rarely feel vercrwded because seven distinct areas carve up the ship int unique spaces t play, eat, wander, sleep and enjy live entertainment.
1.Which prbably prvides the best ship rms?
A. Wnder f the Seas.B. The Wrld Eurpa.
C. Arvia.D. Symphny f the Seas.
2.Which ship is the best fr a traveller enjying persnal space?
A. Wnder f the Seas.B. The Wrld Eurpa.
C. Arvia.D. Symphny f the Seas.
3.What d the fur ships have in cmmn?
A. They prvide free fd service.B. They have many pls.
C. They prvide varius activities.D. They fllw the same rute.
B
B
Brian Petersn had just mved t Santa Ana, Califrnia. Outside his apartment, a hmeless man was ften yelling n the street crner, smetimes keeping him awake at night. Petersn,28, wuld pass the guy n his way t his jb as a car designer, but they never spke. What culd they pssibly have in cmmn?
One day, Petersn was relaxing at hme, reading the bk Lve Des, when his quiet was disturbed by the hmeless man. Inspired by the bkˈs sympathetic message, Petersn made an unexpected decisin: t g utside and intrduce himself.
Petersn learned that the manˈs name was Matt Faris. Heˈd mved t Suthern Califrnia frm Kentucky t pursue a career in music, but fell n hard times and ended up living n the street fr mre than a decade. Even thugh Petersn, a graduate f the Cleveland Institute f Art, hadnˈt picked up a paint brush in abut eight years, he fund himself asking if he culd paint Farisˈ prtrait. Faris said yes. “I saw beauty n the face f a man wh hadnˈt shaved in prbably a year, had vergrwn finger-nails and prbably hadnˈt had a shwer in clse t a year. But his stry, the life inside f him, inspired me.” Petersn recalled later.
Petersnˈs cnnectin with Faris led t Faces f Santa Ana: a nnprfit rganizatin that befriends and paints prtraits f unhused cmmunity members. Using a black-and-white pht taken with his phne, Petersn selects clrs based n the subjectˈs persnality and life stry, creating pwerful prtraits.
Petersn sells the 30-by-40-inch canvas — signed by bth subject and artist — fr a few thusand dllars. Faris used the prtrait funds t recrd an album, fulfilling his musical dreams.
Petersn has discvered that the buyers tend t cnnect t the stry f the persn in the painting, finding similarities and ften friendship with smene they might have therwise verlked. “Peple ften tell me, ‘I was the ne that wuld crss the street. But I see hmeless peple differently nw.ˈ” Petersn says.
4.Why did Petersn speak t Faris?
A. Farisˈ yelling disturbed his sleep.
B. He decided t make a new friend.
C. The quiet while reading was brken.
D. He felt a drive t practice kindness.
5.What inspired Petersn t paint Farisˈ prtrait?
A. Farisˈ life stry.B. Farisˈ beautiful face.
C. Desire fr art practice.D. Sympathy fr the hmeless.
6.What d the buyers think f the canvas?
A. They reveal the life f pr peple.
B. They bear delicate signatures frm artists.
C. They shw vivid prtraits with rich clrs.
D. They build bnd between peple seemingly different.
7.Which f the fllwing can best describe Petersn?
A. Brave and kind.B. Talkative and cnsiderate.
C. Talented and ambitius.D. Perceptive and sympathetic.
C
C
In Switzerland, an ambitius prpsal culd see the cnstructin f an expansive undergrund netwrk thrugh which self-driving pds (吊舱) wuld transprt gds acrss the cuntry.
The prject, called Carg Sus Terrain (CST), is intended t reduce the reliance n trucks fr mving carg. Glbal demand fr freight (货物) transprtatin is grwing, just as much f the wrld is seeing a shrtage f truck drivers. Meanwhile, higher fuel prices have made rad transprtatin mre expensive, while transprting freight by rad accunts fr arund 6% f glbal carbn dixide emissins.
If built, the netwrk wuld stretch rughly 500 kilmeters frm Geneva in the west f Switzerland t St. Gallen in the nrtheast, and be cmpleted arund 2045. The netwrk f tunnels will be 40 t 80 meters belw grund and the autnmus pds will drive alng three lanes at arund 30 kilmeters per hur. And the carg will be laded and unladed at designated hubs (枢纽) emplying lifts t take gds t and frm the surface.
The prject was apprved by the Swiss gvernment in 2021. Althugh thereˈs a lng way t g befre cnstructin can begin, earlier in 2023 CST began its preliminary wrk in the field — explratry drilling alng the Härkingen-Niederbipp rute.
The biggest challenge fr CST will be the expense. CST estimates that it will cst arund 30 billin Swiss Francs ($34 billin) fr the entire netwrk. The prject will be entirely privately funded, with investrs including Credit Suisse, Cp, and Siemens. Althugh a huge amunt f funding still needs t be fund, much f the technlgy fr the autmatin and peratin f the netwrk already exists. Anther key challenge is wrking ut hw t transprt freight abve grund frm the tunnels t stres in cities — withut adding t rad traffic.
Despite all the hurdles, Patrik Aellig, head f cmmunicatin fr CST, remains ptimistic. CST is “at the frefrnt” f undergrund freight transprt.
8.What mainly led t the prject CST?
A. Expensive truck drivers.B. Serius shrtage f fuel.
C. Envirnmental cncern.D. Heavy freight transprtatin.
9.What des the authr intend t d in paragraph 3?
A. T present the way the netwrk will wrk.
B. T prvide a blueprint f the netwrk.
C. T prve the efficiency f the netwrk.
D. T shw the advancement f the netwrk.
10.What des the underlined wrd “preliminary” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Innvative.B. Significant.C. Preparatry.D. Cnstructive.
11.What is a great challenge fr CST?
A. Absence f fund.B. Lack f technlgy.
C. Last-mile delivery.D. Transprt safety.
D
D
Children with strng family cnnectins are assciated with a high likelihd f flurishing (成功) in life, accrding t a new study led by Dr. Rbert Whitaker frm Clumbia University, wh surveyed ver 37,000 children in 26 cuntries.
Family cnnectin was determined by a mean scre f five categries: care, supprt, safety, respect and participatin. Fr each subject, the participants were given a statement and asked t assess nw much they agreed with it, scring frm zer (d nt agree) t fur (strngly agree). Fr example, t measure care, they were asked hw much they agreed with the statement, “I feel safe at hme.”
The cre f family cnnectin is children feeling that theyˈre accepted and nurtured at hme, which allws them t learn what their strengths and weaknesses are in a safe envirnment as they are building their identity, Whitaker said.
Children with the greatest level f family cnnectin were ver 49% mre likely t flurish cmpared with thse with the lwest level f family cnnectin, accrding t the study. The highest scres in bth family cnnectin and flurishing came frm children wh lived with parents r never had their family wrrying abut finances.
Researchers then cntrlled the data fr familiesˈ pverty levels, including financial circumstances and fd insecurity, t remve the effect they may have had n the numbers. After cntrlling fr these factrs, the strength f family cnnectins still impacted hw much children flurished.
S it is imprtant t create a space where children feel seen and heard. While they are talking, grwn-ups shuld shw that they have a genuine interest in what their children are saying and try t suspend judgment. Adults d nt need t make grand gestures t bnd with their children. Having meaningful cnversatins is mre imprtant fr yur cnnectin than taking them n expensive trips. Silence is als anther pwerful frm f cmmunicatin. Children and parents spending time tgether in silence r even running an errand r ding chres can create a cnnectin.
12.What were the participants required t d in the research?
A. Add up the scres theyˈve gt.B. Assess sme statements.
C. Recall their childhd life.D. Categrize sme statements.
13.Hw des strng family cnnectin help childrenˈs life success?
A. It allws them t build their identity.
B. It enables them t accept thers.
C. It prvides safe living cnditins.
D. It makes them better knw themselves.
14.Hw shuld parents bnd with their children, accrding t the authr?
A. T listen t them attentively.B. T judge them immediately.
C. T rganize trips frequently.D. T assign husewrk regularly.
15.Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Clse family bnd brings successful children.
B. Children shwing care will flurish.
C. Cmmunicatin helps family cnnectin.
D. Family cnnectin ensures healthy children.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。
While it`s simple t name many famus male inventrs, peple might be hard-pressed t name sme female inventrs. ___16__
___17___ Back n a freezing winterˈs day in 1902, Mary Andersn was traveling by tram thrugh New Yrk City. Snw was falling, frcing the driver t stp repeatedly and get ut t clear it. Each time the dr pened, Mary suffered a gust f wind. She had a sudden gd idea: why nt make sme kind f a rubber blade(刮片) that culd be perated frm inside the vehicle? ___18___
Whatˈs mre, the dishwasher dates back even earlier t the 19th century and t the dinner parties held by a lady called Jsephine Cchrane. As a frequent hstess, she wanted a machine that culd wash dishes faster than humans. ___19___ And finally, she develped what was t becme the first cmmercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innvatin was in her bld: her grandfather had invented the steambat.
Lastly, ne f the mst imprtant inventins f the 20th century must surely be the cmputer prgram. In tdayˈs wrld f prgramming, men vastly utnumber wmen. ___20___ Grace Hpper is credited with inventing the first cmpiler(编译程序) in 1952.
A. And thatˈs exactly what she did.
B. That was hw the inventin came int being.
C. As a respnse, she cnducted many experiments.
D. Firstly, what led t the inventin f the windscreen cleaner?
E. But back in the 1940s and 50s, wmen led the way in this new field.
F. Fr example, where wuld we be withut the windscreen cleaner?
G. Yet wmen are behind sme widely used technlgies in the mdern wrld.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共22.5分。
Whatˈs the pint f studying? Itˈs smething yu might ask yurself if yuˈre ___21___ t finish an assignment, ___22___ if yur friends seem t be ut having fun, r are ___23___ and earning lts f mney.
Many f us chse t g t university as a first step twards a gd ___24___, but smetimes graduates are educated beynd what is necessary fr a jb. Even s, accrding t a research cnducted by an rganizatin, a ___25___ will, in the lng run, earn yu mre. Whatˈs mre, there are ___26___ in yur earning ptential. A researcher says that graduates f the 24 Russell Grup universities earn abut 40% mre than thse wh studied at ther universities after five years.
___27___, it fund itˈs nt just the lcatin but ther factrs that can ___28___ what yu can earn. Fr example, graduates in subjects such as law and medicine ___29___ t d well. And as they prgress, the pay gap between these careers and thers, such as the creative arts, ____30____. Als, a studentˈs ___31____ backgrund can have an effect, with thse frm husehlds highly valuing educatin much mre likely t g t university, and mstly likely a ____32____ ne.
But if yu still dnˈt feel university delivers the best wrk pprtunities, there are ____33____ wrds frm Alistair Jarvis, head f Universities UK, wh says that graduates are half as likely t be ____34____ as nn-graduates. S maybe all that studying is ____35____— after all “n pains, n gains”!
21.A. planningB. strugglingC. tryingD. hping
22.A. actuallyB. usuallyC. especiallyD. generally
23.A. wrkingB. studyingC. wanderingD. living
24.A. educatinB. lifeC. marriageD. career
25.A. degreeB. majrC. skillD. patent
26.A. changesB. difficultiesC. imprvementsD. differences
27.A. ThenB. TherefreC. MreverD. Instead
28.A. invlve inB. cntribute tC. cnsist fD. result frm
29.A. happenB. tendC. lngD. manage
30.A. existsB. disappearsC. widensD. varies
31.A. religiusB. histricalC. educatinalD. scial
32.A. bigB. gdC. ppularD. public
33.A. encuragingB. amazingC. sincereD. scientific
34.A. disrespectedB. distrustedC. unemplyedD. unpaid
35.A. reliableB. favrableC. interestingD. rewarding
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Cheng Yuyan never expected that the interest grup “We Lve Strlling in the Park”, ___1___ she casually created fur years ag n Duban, a Chinese scial media platfrm, wuld nw apprach 100,000 members.
Accrding t ___2___ 225-year-ld frm Shanghai, establishing this grup was just a spur-f-the-mment decisin, ___3_ she didnˈt invest much time in managing it afterwards. Hwever, park enthusiasts frm all ver China and even verseas have spntaneusly made ___4___ their gathering cmmunity. Peple share park experiences, pst phts ___5___(take)in parks, and ffer recmmendatins and reviews abut parks.
Within this grup, there is a tag called”20 minutes fr parks”, which __6___(cme) frm a thery riginating frm the Internatinal Jurnal f Envirnmental Health Research. Accrding t the thery, ___7___(spend)20 minutes in a park daily helps t reduce stress, regardless f ___8__ peple exercise in it r simply take a walk.
Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdng prvince, is an enthusiastic ___9__(supprt) f this idea. “On that patch f grass, I culd cnnect with living plants and animals, allwing me t refresh my mind and heal ____10____ the stresses f the wrkplace,” Huang said.
(1) ________
(2) ________
(3) ________
(4) ________
(5) ________
(6) ________
(7) ________
(8) ________
(9) ________
(10) ________
五、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。
37.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I pressed my fist int Dadˈs ld baseball glve as I stared ut f the windw f my stepfatherˈs van. Nt a day went by that I didnˈt think abut Dad and hw much I missed him.
The van stpped at the edge f the baseball field. “Hey, buddy, have fun at practice. And dnˈt frget abut yur sisterˈs recital (表演) tnight,” said my stepfather as I climbed ut.
Ze is nt my sister， and yu canˈt tell me what t d, I grumbled (嘟囔) t myself.
A bunch f guys frm the team waved frm the dugut. I jgged ver half-heartedly. “Why d yu lk s unhappy?” David asked. “I have t g t my stepsisterˈs dance recital,” I sighed. “It culd be wrse,” David replied. I sht him an I-highly-dubt-that expressin. “What if yu had t perfrm in it?” Kevin said as he leaped and twirled (旋转) like a rde bull. I tried nt t smile.
The truth was that I had a lt f mixed-up feelings since Mm remarried a few mnths ag. I had always lved baseball, but even that felt different lately. I culd barely cncentrate.
After practice, David and I sat tgether waiting fr ur ride. “I wish things didnˈt have t change,” I said, “yu knw, fr my mm and me.”“ I have a stepmther and stepbrther t,” David said as if it were n big deal. “Seriusly?” I hadnˈt realized that, s I asked. David shrugged, “Theyˈre just Mm and Dennis nw. Give it a chance.” I let ut a breath, still unsure abut the recital tnight. Still unsure abut everything!
Back hme, I fund Ze in her cstume, but smething was wrng. Her arms were flded tight acrss her chest, and her eyes were glssed with tears. “Whatˈs wrng, Ze?” I asked. “Opening night jitters (战战兢兢),” my stepfather said. “She desnˈt want t be in the recital,” Mm said.
Huh. This shuld have been the best thing that culd have happened — the pssibility f nt having t g t the perfrmance. But smehw it wasnˈt. Ze had practiced s hard. And sheˈd reminded me at least a thusand times where she wuld be nstage.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Thinking f Kevinˈs funny dance, I had an idea.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
After Ze disappeared int dancers backstage, we fund ur seats.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
38.假如你是李华，你的英国朋友William写信告知你，他计划申请来中国支教，但有些担忧。请你写一封回信鼓励他。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear William,
___________________________________________
____________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、B
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个游轮的情况。
1. 细节理解题。根据The Wrld Eurpa部分中“The Wrld Eurpa, which tk t the sea fr the first time in 2022, features sme f the best rms n a cruise ship, thanks t mst cabins with a balcny.(世界欧罗巴号于2022年首次出海，由于大多数船舱都带阳台，它的客房是游轮上最好的)”可知，世界欧罗巴号的房间最好。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Guests rarely feel vercrwded because seven distinct areas carve up the ship int unique spaces t play, eat, wander, sleep and enjy live entertainment.(游客很少感到拥挤，因为七个不同的区域将船上分割成独特的空间，可以玩耍、吃饭、漫步、睡觉和享受现场娱乐)”可知，Symphny f the Seas最适合享受私人空间。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据第一部分“It features a dry slide that twists dwn 10 decks, surfing simulatrs and an ice skating rink. (它有一个干燥的滑梯，可以沿着10层甲板蜿蜒而下，还有冲浪模拟器和溜冰场)”；第二部分“Peple lking fr smething a little less dramatic will enjy six pls, five mini cinemas and three featured libraries at sea. (想找点不那么引人注目的东西的人可以在海上享受六个游泳池，五个迷你电影院和三个特色图书馆)”；第三部分“Arvia is P&Oˈs largest cruise ship with 1,800 crew members, a three-screen cinema cmplex, a wide range f staterms and fur pls, including ne with a swim-up bar, prviding fd and beverage.(Arvia是P&O最大的游轮，拥有1800名船员，一个三屏幕的电影院，各种各样的客舱和四个游泳池，其中一个带游泳酒吧，提供食品和饮料)”以及最后一部分“(海洋交响曲号提供了许多壮观的活动，包括百老汇风格的戏剧表演、冲浪模拟器和10层的干滑梯)”可知，这四艘船的共同点是都有很多游泳池。故选B。
4~7.【答案】D、A、D、D
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了布莱恩·彼得森在认识流浪汉马特·法里斯后，他突发奇想成立了一个非营利组织，专注于与社区中无家可归的成员交朋友，并为他们画肖像，通过售卖肖像所得的钱帮助他们重新站起来的故事。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“One day, Petersn was relaxing at hme, reading the bk Lve Des, when his quiet was disturbed by the hmeless man. Inspired by the bkˈs sympathetic message, Petersn made an unexpected decisin: t g utside and intrduce himself.( 一天，彼得森正在家里放松，读着《爱的力量》这本书，这时他的安静被一个无家可归的人打破了。受到书中充满同情的信息的启发，彼得森做出了一个意想不到的决定：到外面做自我介绍。)”可知，受到书中的启发，一种行善的冲动让Petersn去与Faris交谈。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Petersn learned that the manˈs name was Matt Faris. Heˈd mved t Suthern Califrnia frm Kentucky t pursue a career in music, but fell n hard times and ended up living n the street fr mre than a decade. Even thugh Petersn, a graduate f the Cleveland Institute f Art, hadnˈt picked up a paint brush in abut eight years, he fund himself asking if he culd paint Farisˈ prtrait. Faris said yes. “I saw beauty n the face f a man wh hadnˈt shaved in prbably a year, had vergrwn finger-nails and prbably hadnˈt had a shwer in clse t a year. But his stry, the life inside f him, inspired me.” Petersn recalled later.(彼得森得知这个人的名字叫马特·法里斯。为了追求音乐事业，他从肯塔基州搬到了南加州，但却陷入了困境，最终在街头流浪了十多年。尽管毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院(Cleveland Institute f Art)的彼得森已经有八年没有拿起画笔了，但他发现自己在问自己是否能画出法里斯的肖像。法瑞斯答应了。“我在一个大概一年没刮胡子、指甲长得太长、可能将近一年没洗澡的男人脸上看到了美。但他的故事，他内心的生活，激励了我。”彼得森后来回忆道。) ”可知，彼得森主动提出为法里斯画肖像的原因是他被法里斯的故事所感动。故选A项。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Petersn has discvered that the buyers tend t cnnect t the stry f the persn in the painting, finding similarities and ften friendship with smene they might have therwise verlked. “Peple ften tell me, ‘I was the ne that wuld crss the street. But I see hmeless peple differently nw.ˈ” Petersn says.( 彼得森发现，买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来，找到相似之处，往往与他们可能忽视的人建立友谊。“人们经常告诉我，‘我是那个会过马路的人。但我现在对无家可归者的看法不同了。ˈ”彼得森说。)”可知，买家认为这些画在看似不同的人之间建立联系。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Petersnˈs cnnectin with Faris led t Faces f Santa Ana: a nnprfit rganizatin that befriends and paints prtraits f unhused cmmunity members. Using a black-and-white pht taken with his phne, Petersn selects clrs based n the subjectˈs persnality and life stry, creating pwerful prtraits.（彼得森与法瑞斯的联系促成了圣安娜之脸的成立:这是一个非营利组织，帮助无家可归的社区成员交朋友，并为他们画肖像。彼得森使用手机拍摄的黑白照片，根据拍摄对象的个性和生活故事选择颜色，创造出强大的肖像。）和第五段“Petersn sells the 30-by-40-inch canvas—signed by bth subject and artist —fr a few thusand dllars. Faris used the prtrait funds t recrd an album, fulfilling his musical dreams.( 彼得森以几千美元的价格出售这幅30 × 40英寸的油画，油画上有主题和艺术家的签名。法里斯用肖像基金录制了一张专辑，实现了他的音乐梦想。)”可知，彼得森建立非盈利组织帮助无家可归的人，为他们画栩栩如生的肖像，卖画所得的钱帮助他们建立新生活，可推断出他是一个敏锐且有同情心的人。故选D。
8~11.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了瑞士要建设一个庞大的地下网络，在全国范围内运输货物。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The prject, called Carg Sus Terrain (CST), is intended t reduce the reliance n trucks fr mving carg. Glbal demand fr freight (货物) transprtatin is grwing, just as much f the wrld is seeing a shrtage f truck drivers. Meanwhile, higher fuel prices have made rad transprtatin mre expensive, while transprting freight by rad accunts fr arund 6% f glbal carbn dixide emissins.(该项目被称为货运地面（CST），旨在减少对卡车运输货物的依赖。全球货运需求正在增长，就像世界上许多地方出现卡车司机短缺一样。与此同时，燃料价格上涨使得公路运输成本更高，而公路货运占全球二氧化碳排放量的6%左右)”可知，严重的货物运输压力主要导致了CST项目。故选D。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“If built, the netwrk wuld stretch rughly 500 kilmeters frm Geneva in the west f Switzerland t St. Gallen in the nrtheast, and be cmpleted arund 2045. The netwrk f tunnels will be 40 t 80 meters belw grund and the autnmus pds will drive alng three lanes at arund 30 kilmeters per hur. And the carg will be laded and unladed at designated hubs (枢纽) emplying lifts t take gds t and frm the surface.(如果建成，该网络将从瑞士西部的日内瓦延伸到东北部的圣加仑，全长约500公里，并将于2045年左右完工。隧道网络将位于地下40至80米，自动驾驶舱将以每小时30公里的速度沿着三条车道行驶。货物将在指定的集散地装卸，使用升降机将货物运送到地面)”可知，作者在第3段打算提供网络的蓝图。故选B。
3. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The prject was apprved by the Swiss gvernment in 2021. Althugh thereˈs a lng way t g befre cnstructin can begin”可知，该项目于2021年获得瑞士政府批准，而在施工开始之前还有很长的路要走，说明2023年初进行的是准备性的工作。故划线词意思是“准备性的”。故选C。
4. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The biggest challenge fr CST will be the expense. CST estimates that it will cst arund 30 billin Swiss Francs ($34 billin) fr the entire netwrk. The prject will be entirely privately funded, with investrs including Credit Suisse, Cp, and Siemens.(CST面临的最大挑战将是费用。CST估计整个网络将耗资约300亿瑞士法郎(340亿美元)。该项目将完全由私人投资，投资者包括瑞士信贷、Cp和西门子。虽然还需要大量的资金，但大部分网络自动化和运营的技术已经存在)”可知，CST面临的最大挑战是缺乏资金。故选A。
12~15.【答案】B、D、A、A
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有研究证实了家庭关系对于儿童成功的重要性，成年人可以通过倾听他们的意见以及在沉默时展现关心来加强家庭联系。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Fr each subject, the participants were given a statement and asked t assess nw much they agreed with it, scring frm zer (d nt agree) t fur (strngly agree).”（对于每个主题，参与者都会得到一个陈述，并被要求评估他们对此有多么同意，得分从零（不同意）到四（强烈同意）。）可知，参与者需要评估一些陈述。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The cre f family cnnectin is children feeling that theyˈre accepted and nurtured at hme, which allws them t learn what their strengths and weaknesses are in a safe envirnment as they are building their identity, Whitaker said.”（家庭联系的核心是孩子们在家中感到被接纳和培养，这使他们能够在建立自我身份的同时，在安全的环境中了解自己的优点和缺点，Whitaker说。）可知，强大的家庭联系可以帮助孩子更好地了解自己。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“S it is imprtant t create a space where children feel seen and heard. While they are talking, grwn-ups shuld shw that they have a genuine interest in what their children are saying and try t suspend judgment.”（所以，创建一个让孩子感到被看见和听见的空间是很重要的。当他们在说话时，成年人应该表现出他们对孩子们所说的话真正感兴趣，并尽量暂停判断。）可知，父母应该专心倾听孩子。故选A。
4. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段“Children with strng family cnnectins are assciated with a high likelihd f flurishing (成功) in life”（家庭关系密切的孩子很有可能在生活中茁壮成长）可知，文章主要讲述了家庭联系的强度对孩子的成功生活的影响，以及如何与孩子建立紧密的联系。因此， A选项“紧密的家庭联系带来成功的孩子”最能概括全文主题。故选A
16~20.【答案】G、D、A、C、E
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四位伟大女性发明家以及她们的发明创造。
1. 前文“While it`s simple t name many famus male inventrs, peple might be hard-pressed t name sme female inventrs.(虽然说出许多著名的男性发明家的名字很容易，但人们可能很难说出一些女性发明家的名字。 )”讲述人们很难说出一些女性发明家的名字，结合下文描述的几位伟大的女性和她们的成就可推断G项“然而，现代世界中一些广泛使用的技术背后是女性。”符合语境，承上启下。故填G。
2. 后文“Back n a freezing winterˈs day in 1902, Mary Andersn was traveling by tram thrugh New Yrk City. Snw was falling, frcing the driver t stp repeatedly and get ut t clear it. Each time the dr pened, Mary suffered a gust f wind. She had a sudden gd idea: why nt make sme kind f a rubber blade(刮片) that culd be perated frm inside the vehicle? ( 1902年一个寒冷的冬日，玛丽·安德森(Mary Andersn)正乘坐有轨电车穿越纽约市。大雪纷飞，司机不得不多次停车，下车清理积雪。每次门一开，玛丽就感到一阵风。她突然有了一个好主意:为什么不做一种可以在车内操作的橡胶刮片呢?)”讲述玛丽·安德森发明挡风玻璃清洁的故事，因此推断D项“首先，是什么导致了挡风玻璃清洁剂的发明?”符合语境，与下文的whatˈs mre，lastly呼应。故填D。
3. 前文“She had a sudden gd idea: why nt make sme kind f a rubber blade(刮片) that culd be perated frm inside the vehicle? (她突然有了一个好主意:为什么不做一种可以在车内操作的橡胶刮片呢?)”讲述玛丽想到了发明车内清洁挡风玻璃的主意，结合常识这种东西发明出来了，因此推断A项“那就是她做的”符合语境，故填A。
4. 前文“Whatˈs mre, the dishwasher dates back even earlier t the 19th century and t the dinner parties held by a lady called Jsephine Cchrane. As a frequent hstess, she wanted a machine that culd wash dishes faster than humans.( 此外，洗碗机的历史可以追溯到更早的19世纪，一位名叫约瑟芬·科克伦(Jsephine Cchrane)的女士举办的晚宴上。作为一个经常做女主人的人，她想要一台洗碗速度比人类快的机器。)”讲述约瑟芬·科克伦想要一台洗碗机，后文“And finally, she develped what was t becme the first cmmercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innvatin was in her bld: her grandfather had invented the steambat.(最后，她发明了第一个商业上成功的洗碗机。有趣的是，她的血液中流淌着创新：她的祖父发明了汽船。)”讲述她发明了洗碗机，因此推断C项“作为回应，她进行了许多实验。”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
5. 前文“Lastly, ne f the mst imprtant inventins f the 20th century must surely be the cmputer prgram. In tdayˈs wrld f prgramming, men vastly utnumber wmen.( 最后，20世纪最重要的发明之一肯定是计算机程序。在当今的编程世界中，男性的数量远远超过女性。)”讲述计算机编程领域男性多，下文“Grace Hpper is credited with inventing the first cmpiler(编译程序) in 1952.(格蕾丝·霍珀于1952年发明了第一个编译器。)”讲述格蕾丝·霍珀发明了编译器，因此推断E项“但在20世纪40年代和50年代，女性在这个新领域处于领先地位。”符合语境，与前文是转折关系，承接下文。故选E。
21~35.【答案】B、C、A、D、A、D、D、B、B、C、D、B、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。上大学获取一个学位可不是件容易的事。大多数人相信，获得大学文凭对一名毕业生的未来职业发展必有帮助。但这一纸文凭究竟有那么管用吗？学生所学习的专业会影响其未来的就业和收入吗？短文讨论在英国，学历和收入之间的关系。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A. planning计划；B. struggling奋斗；C. trying尝试； D. hping 希望。根据上文“Whatˈs the pint f studying?”以及下文“___2___ if yur friends seem t be ut having fun, r are ___3___ and earning lts f mney.”可知，下文说的场景与学习形成了反差，所以是努力的完成学习上的任务。故选B项。
2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A. actually事实上；B. usually通常；C. especially 尤其地；D. generally大概。根据下文“if yur friends seem t be ut having fun, r are ___3___ and earning lts f mney.”可知，本句在强调。故选C项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A. wrking工作；B. studying学习；C. wandering想知道；D. living生活。根据下文“earning lts f mney”工作才能赚钱。故选 A项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们中的许多人选择上大学作为迈向好职业的第一步，但有时毕业生所受的教育超出了工作所需的范围。A. educatin教育；B. life生活；C. marriage婚姻；D. career职业。根据常识可知，上大学作为迈向好职业的第一步。故选D项。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即便如此，根据一家机构进行的一项研究，从长远来看，学位会给你带来更多的收入。A. degree学位；B. majr专业；C. skill技能；D. patent专利。根据下文“ A researcher says that graduates f the 24 Russell Grup universities earn abut 40% mre than thse wh studied at ther universities after five years.”可知，即使是上了大学，学位的不同会导致收入的不同。故选A项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，你们的收入潜力也不同。A. changes 改变；B. difficulties困难；C. imprvements 提高；D. differences差异，不同。根据上文“a ___5___ will, in the lng run, earn yu mre.”可知，学位导致了不同的收入，所以收入潜力也不同。故选D项。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：反而，它发现不仅仅是地点，还有其他因素会导致了你的收入不同。A. Then然后；B. Therefre因此；C. Mrever此外；D. Instead反而。根据句意可知，上下文为转折关系。故选D项。
8. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：反而，它发现不仅仅是地点，还有其他因素会导致了你的收入不同。A. invlve in参与；B. cntribute t有助于，导致；C. cnsist f由……组成；D. result frm由…导致。根据上文“itˈs nt just the lcatin but ther factrs”可知，还有其他因素会导致了你的收入不同。故选B项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，法律和医学等专业的毕业生往往表现良好。A. happen发生；B. tend倾向于，往往会；C. lng渴望；D. manage管理。根据上文“graduates in subjects such as law and medicine”可知，法律和医学作为热门和受尊重的行业收入可观。故选B项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着他们的进步，这些职业与其他职业(如创意艺术)之间的薪酬差距也在扩大。A. exists存在；B. disappears消失；C. widens加宽；D. varies变化。根据上文“And as they prgress”可知，法律和医学等专业在进步，所以收入差距与其他行业相比会增大。故选C项。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，学生的社会背景也会产生影响，来自重视教育家庭的学生更有可能上大学，而且多半是一所好大学。A. religius宗教的；B. histrical历史的；C. educatinal教育的；D. scial社会的。根据下文“with thse frm husehlds highly valuing educatin”可知，这些都是社会背景。故选D项
12. 考查词形容词义辨析。句意：此外，学生的社会背景也会产生影响，来自重视教育家庭的学生更有可能上大学，而且多半是一所好大学。A. big大的；B. gd好的；C. ppular受欢迎的；D. public公共的。根据上文“with thse frm husehlds highly valuing educatin much mre likely t g t university”可知，重视教育家庭的学生多半上一所好大学。故选B项。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你仍然觉得大学不能提供最好的工作机会，英国大学联合会主席Alistair Jarvis的话令人鼓舞。他说，大学毕业生失业的可能性是非大学毕业生的一半。A. encuraging令人鼓舞的；B. amazing令人惊讶的；C. sincere真诚的；D. scientific科学的。根据下文“wh says that graduates are half as likely t be ___14___ as nn-graduates.”可知，这是鼓舞人心的话。故选A项。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你仍然觉得大学不能提供最好的工作机会，英国大学联合会主席Alistair Jarvis的话令人鼓舞。他说，大学毕业生失业的可能性是非大学毕业生的一半。A. disrespected不尊重的；B. distrusted不被信任的； C. unemplyed失业的；D. unpaid无报酬的。Alistair Jarvis是支持上大学的，所以他在拿失业率作比较。故选C项。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以也许所有的学习都是有回报的——毕竟“一分耕耘，一分收获”!。A. reliable可依赖的；B. favrable 有利的；良好的；C. interesting有趣的；D. rewarding有益的；值得做的；报酬高的。根据下文“n pains, n gains”可知，学习是有回报的。故选D项。
36.【答案】【小题1】
which
【小题2】
the
【小题3】
and
【小题4】
it
【小题5】
taken
【小题6】
cmes
【小题7】
spending
【小题8】
whether
【小题9】
supprter
【小题10】
frm
【解析】1. 考查定语从句。句意：4年前，承雨嫣万万没想到她无意中在中国社交媒体平台豆瓣上创建了一个兴趣小组“我们爱逛公园”，现在已经有了10万名成员。修饰grup，在从句中作created的宾语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。故填which。
2. 考查冠词。句意：据这位来自上海的25岁女孩说，创建这个小组只是一个偶然的决定，之后她并没有在里面花太多时间。此处特指上文提到的“Cheng Yuyan”，用定冠词修饰，故填the。
3. 考查连词。句意：据这位来自上海的25岁女孩说，创建这个小组只是一个偶然的决定，之后她并没有在里面花太多时间。前后文是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
4. 考查代词。句意：然而，来自全国甚至海外的公园爱好者自愿将其作为他们的聚集地。根据上下文可知，此处指代把这个兴趣小组作为一个聚集地。用代词it作宾语，故填it。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们分享公园的经历，张贴在公园里拍摄的照片，并提供关于公园的建议和评论。take作定语，修饰phts，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式，故填taken。
6. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这一群体中，有一种说法叫做“公园20分钟”，它来自《国际环境健康研究杂志》的一个理论。cme作which引导的定语从句的谓语动词，描述现在的事实用一般现在时，which指代tag，是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填cmes。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据这一理论，无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步，每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。spend作主语，用动名词形式，故填spending。
8. 考查从属连词。句意：根据这一理论，无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步，每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。介词f后接宾语从句，whether…r…“无论是……还是……”，符合语境。故填whether。
9. 考查名词。句意：黄兵兵，现居广东深圳，是这个理论的支持者。不定冠词an修饰可数名词单数，作表语。故填supprter。
10. 考查介词。句意：黄说：“在草坪上，我能感到和动植物联结，让我感觉头脑清醒，从工作压力中恢复过来。”heal frm“从……康复、恢复”，固定短语。故填frm。
37.【答案】 Thinking f Kevinˈs funny dance， I had an idea. “Ze,” I said, “Remember, yu’ve wrked s hard fr this. The stage is waiting fr yu t shw them all what yu can d. And I’ll be there in the audience, cheering fr yu every step f the way.” Ze lked up at me, her eyes still glassy but a small spark f determinatin beginning t shine. We walked tgether t the van. As we drve t the recital, I culd see Ze gradually becming mre and mre relaxed.
After Ze disappeared int dancers backstage, we fund ur seats. I knew Ze was cunting n me t be there fr her, even if I didn’t feel like it at first. After the recital began, I sptted her. She was in the middle f the grup, her face bright with a smile that rivaled the stage lights. As she mved gracefully thrugh the rutine, I culdn’t help but feel prud f her. I realized that I had been selfish fr nt wanting t cme.
【解析】【文章大意】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的妈妈再婚，作者继父的女儿Ze要参加表演，作者并不太想去观看，在和朋友David谈话之后作者仍然不确定自己是否会去看Ze表演。回到家，作者看到了不太高兴的Ze，作者觉得Ze那么努力地练习了，她就应该上台去表演。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“想到Kevin那滑稽的舞蹈，我有了一个主意。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励Ze上台表演。
②由第二段首句内容“Ze消失在后台的舞者中后，我们找到了座位。”可知，第二段可描写Ze表演成功和作者的感想。
2.续写线索：鼓励——承诺要去看表演——Ze决定表演——Ze慢慢放松——Ze完成表演——作者的感想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①加油：cheer fr sb./cheer sb. n
②开车去：drive t sp./g t sp. in a car
③完成动作：mve thrugh the rutine/cmplete the rutine
情绪类
①放松的：relaxed/eased
②骄傲：feel prud f/take pride in
【点睛】[高分句型1] As we drve t the recital, I culd see Ze gradually becming mre and mre relaxed. (由as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] She was in the middle f the grup, her face bright with a smile that rivaled the stage lights.(由关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句)
38.【答案】【文章大意】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给William写一封回信鼓励他，他计划申请来中国支教，但有些担忧。
【解析】【详解】1.词汇积累
激动的：excited→thrilled
机会：chance→pprtunity
奉献：dedicatin→devtin
难忘的：unfrgettable→memrable
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Yur enthusiasm and dedicatin will be highly valued. Yuˈll learn s much frm the children and the experience itself.
拓展句：Nt nly will yur enthusiasm and dedicatin be highly valued, but als yuˈll learn s much frm the children and the experience itself.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Iˈm thrilled t hear abut yur intentin t teach in China! (运用了不定式作后置定语)
[高分句型2] Dnˈt hesitate, seize this pprtunity, and Iˈm cnfident yuˈll have an unfrgettable jurney. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
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