八年级英语下学期期末考试03（苏州卷）-2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（牛津译林版）

这是一份八年级英语下学期期末考试03（苏州卷）-2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（牛津译林版），共19页。试卷主要包含了B．$80等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共七大题，满分100分（不含听力口语30分）、考试用时100分钟；
2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡和对应的位置上，并认真校对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人相符合；
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动、请用橡皮擦干净后、再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题；
4. 考生答题必须答在答题卡上、答在试卷和草稿低上一律无效。
第I卷（客观题 共45分）
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在答题卷上。
One day, Frank was walking with his mther when they passed a pretty garden. Frank said t his mther, “Mm, these flwers are really beautiful. I want t take a 1 lk.”
A gardener heard that and 2 invited them int the garden. Frank’s mther thanked the man. Then she said t Frank, “I’ll take yu fr a walk in this garden, but remember nt t make a 3 f it.”
Frank ndded (点头). He walked alng the clean path, lked at the beautiful flwers, but tuched 4 . He didn’t step n the grass and was 5 nt t let his clthes sweep the flwers.
The gardener was very pleased 6 Frank. He shwed him the seeds (种子) and tld him the names f the flwers and plants. While Frank was enjying the beauty f a flwer, 7 little by came t the gate. Finding the gate lcked, he shk it hard and 8 , “Let me in! Let me in!”
“N,” said the gardener, “I wn’t let yu in, Tm. When I let yu in yesterday, yu brke my flwers and pulled sme f my fruit. I wn’t 9 t let a by wh meddles with (乱动) plants int my garden.”
Frank saw all that and realized hw 10 it is fr a kid nt t meddle with things that dn’t belng t him.
1．A．newerB．clserC．mreD．sner
2．A．mainlyB．hardlyC．clearlyD．kindly
3．A．decisinB．niseC．messD．difference
4．A．anythingB．everythingC．smethingD．nthing
5．A．carefulB．happyC．difficultD．srry
6．A．atB．withC．inD．fr
7．A．smeB．thersC．antherD．ther
8．A．shutedB．laughedC．answeredD．wrte
9．A．refuseB．seemC．frgetD．chse
10．A．impssibleB．imprtantC．sillyD．strange
第二部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
This week, ur city is having an Art Festival! It’s a really fun and clrful event where we can all enjy different kinds f art. The Art Festival is fr everyne, nt just fr adults. Kids can als enjy it. S, if yu’re in ur city this week, dn’t frget t cme t the Art Festival! I’m sure we’ll all learn a lt and have a great time!
11．Which ne is true accrding t the ads abve?
A．The art festival is held in the cuntryside.B．The art festival is fr singing and dancing.
C．Only adults can enjy the art festival.D．The vide shw is presented by students.
12．Hw much des it cst fr a child and his father t the cncert?
A．$50.B．$80.C．$130.D．$160.
13．Where can yu watch Inside the Mind f a Cat?
A．Victry Theater.B．Capital Hall.
C．Natinal Arts Theatre.D．Xinhua Secndary Schl.
B
There was a farmer whse hbby was grwing crn. Each year his crn wn first prize in a cmpetitin. S he was knwn in many villages.
A newspaper reprter interviewed him and learnt smething interesting abut hw he grew it. The reprter discvered that the farmer shared his seed crn with his neighbrs.
“Why d yu share yur best seed crn with yur neighbrs?” the reprter asked.
The farmer said, “The wind picks up pllen (花粉) frm the crn and spreads it frm field t field. If my neighbrs grw bad crn, it will affect the quality f my crn. S if I want t grw gd crn, I must help my neighbrs grw gd crn.” The farmer knew much abut the cnnectin f life.
Giving, instead f taking, makes us different frm ther animals. Thse wh chse t live well must help thers t live well.
14．The farmer was famus fr ________.
A．his kindnessB．his gd crnC．his large farmD．his inventins
15．What was the farmer’s secret f grwing gd crn?
A．He allwed his neighbrs t use his gd seed crn.
B．He knew hw t pick up pllen quickly frm the crn.
C．He learned a lt frm ther experienced farmers.
D．He was the mst hard-wrking farmer in the state.
16．If the neighbrs grew pr quality crn, what wuld happen t the farmer’s crn?
A．It wuld sell faster and better.B．It wuld win first prize mre easily.
C．It wuld affect the quality f his crn.D．It wuld becme bigger and bigger in size.
17．The last paragraph tells us the imprtance f ________.
A．takingB．givingC．wrkingD．chsing
C
The “April snw” is here! It’s nt real snw, f curse it’s catkins (飞絮) frm willws and pplar trees (杨树) in spring.
Fr sme peple, this “snw” is nt welcmed. Catkins can cause allergies (过敏), making peple’s nses, eyes, and skin uncmfrtable.
In spring, the female (雌性的) trees grw lts f flwers. When these flwers finish grwing, they prduce cttn-like seeds that spread thrugh the air.
Luckily, scientists have fund many ways t cntrl catkins. Ding “gender change surgery (变性手术)” n willw and pplar trees is ne f them. Peple cut ff the branches f female trees and replace them with branches frm male (雄性的) trees. This cuts dwn the number f catkins. Hwever, this way is slw and expensive. A skilled wrker can d the “surgery” n less than ten trees a day. Frm 2008 t 2018, nly arund 1,000 trees were treated in Beijing, reprted Outlk Weekly (《瞭望》) in 2022.
Scientists in Wuxi, Jiangsu, use special injectins (注射剂) t deduce the number f catkins n trees. These injectins make the trees mainly use their energy t grw bigger and get mre leaves, nt t reprduce (繁殖) and make catkins. Xu Qinming, an expert in Wuxi, tld Science and Technlgy Daily that this methd is safe fr the trees. Hwever, the trees need t get injectins every year t keep the catkin numbers under cntrl.
Other than injectins, the trees can take “medicine”. This medicine can be sprayed (喷洒) nt the trees befre the catkins frm, which can quickly reduce catkin numbers. Still, peple need t be careful abut hw much f the medicine they use and when they use it, r they might hurt the envirnment.
18．What can we infer frm paragraphs 1 and 2?
A．Catkins are hard t see.B．It’s nrmal t snw in April.
C．Peple welcme willws.D．It’s uncmfrtable t breathe in catkins.
19．Hw many ways are intrduced t deal with catkins?
A．One.B．Tw.C．Three.D．Fur.
20．What’s the disadvantage f using injectins accrding t the passage?
A．Trees need t be injected every year.B．It needs many skilled wrkers t d it.
C．It’s slw and expensive.D．It’s bad fr the trees and envirnment.
21．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Hw t prduce catkins.
B．Hw t cntrl catkins with new technlgy.
C．Hw t tell male and female willw and plar trees.
D．It’s bad fr the trees and envirnment.
D
The sccer training prgram “Premier Skills” started n December 12, 2023 in Rngjiang, Guizhu. Rngjiang is the birthplace f the Village FA (村超). Village FA created a natinwide lve fr sccer in June, 2023. “Premier Skills” is the first prject between Village FA and the English Premier League (英超). It helps imprve lcal sccer level.
The trainers prvided fur days f training fr 44 lcal peple, including Village FA players, primary and middle schl sccer teachers.
The training is very ppular amng players and teachers. It made them excited abut the fun training activities.
Using hands in sccer isn’t allwed, but the trainers rganized a “handball” game during training. This made shy r less skilled players active in training and created a gd atmsphere (氛围) frm the start.
Yang Guangjundi is a lcal sccer cach wh teaches teenager players. He has successfully put what he has learned int practice. “The first time I intrduced fun games in the class t imprve students’ teamwrk, the students seemed happier. One by even came up t me and asked if smething jyful happened t me n that day,” Yang said.
Xing Li is an 18-year-ld fan f Village FA．He said that he was shcked and excited that Village FA had caught great attentin and the cuntryside game had develped a lt lately.
Village FA has made Rngjiang meet the wrld. We hpe t see imprvements in yung sccer teaching. It is quite gd fr Village FA and it can als train mre talented Chinese sccer players.
22．What des the underlined wrd “It” refer t?
A．Rngjiang.B．Premier Skills.
C．Village FA．D．English Premier League.
23．The lcal sccer cach imprved students’ teamwrk by ________.
A．prviding 4-day trainingB．using hands in sccer
C．intrducing fun gamesD．telling smething jyful
24．Frm the text, we can knw ________.
A．sccer is very ppular in the cuntryside nw
B．Chinese sccer players like cuntry games better
C．team wrk is the mst imprtant part in sccer
D．Village FA can benefit the sccer develpment
25．What’s the best title f the text?
A．Imprving teamwrkB．Training skilled players
C．Sharing sccer lveD．Creating a gd start
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw did peple tell the time befre clcks were invented?
At first, the ancient peple lked up at the sun and culd tell it was the middle f the day when the sun was directly verhead in the sky. 26
Later, the Egyptians used sticks. These sticks measured (测量) time during the day. The sun shne n the tall stick and the stick made a shadw (阴影). As the sun mved acrss the sky, the psitin f the shadw changed. 27
Over time, the Chinese first used sundials (日见) instead f shadw sticks. The sundial has a type f shadw stick n it. As the sun shines n it, a shadw appears n the numbers, 28 But sundials dn’t wrk at night r n a cludy day! There are n shadws unless the sun is ut.
Water clcks used water t measure time at night. 29 . The level f the water in the bwls shwed the time.
Peple als used sand-glasses. Yu may have seen ne, Sme games still use sand-glasses, 30 It measures shrt amunts f the tune, The mre sand falls, the mre time has passed. When the sand has finished falling, yu have t turn the sand-glasses ver.
A．Each number stands fr an hur f the day.
B．Water dripped (滴落) slwly frm ne bwl int anther.
C．The sand falls frm the tp f the sand-glasses t the bttm.
D．They can tell the time thrugh the mnlight.
E．They als knew when it was mrning r evening.
F．Sand-glasses can measure lng amunts f the time.
G．This wuld let peple tell what time it was.
第II卷(主观题共55分)
第四部分 词汇运用（共13小题；每小题1分，满分13分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
31．We shall (归还) the bks t the library n time.
32．As a tur (导游), we shuld d as the Rmans d when in Rme.
33．David has the bad (习惯) f reading bks during the meals.
34．Dn’t wrry. I have (预订) the tickets t Hng Kng next Mnday.
35．— Hw can we r ur dreams？
— Only by putting ur dreams int actin.
36．— I’m ging t spend all my mney buying that new car.
— Are yu serius? Yu can’t put all yur eggs in ne b .
37．My cat is s t yurs in size, but has a different clr.
38．Australian seasns are the f urs. In April, it is autumn in Australia.
第二节 请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，将其正确形式填入答题卡标有题号的横线上。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
Twelve-year-ld Amach Reed, frm Queensland, wn the Kids News Shrt Stry cmpetitin fr her stry A New Beginning last year. In the stry, Amach tld us hw refugees (难民) 39 their lives fr a better life in Australia. “When I saw sme reprts abut refugees, I thught f the difficulty they must have gne thrugh. Then I thught it might be a gd 40 fr a stry.” said Amach.
T write a gd stry, Amach first did sme research. She read sme bks abut their lives and went n the Internet fr mre infrmatin. Then she tried t “put 41 in smene else’s shes”. Last, she let her ideas pur nt the page. She thinks if everyne 42 t the refugees, the wrld will be a better place.
Amach lves writing because she can express any ideas, feelings r thughts thrugh wrds. She feels excited when she starts a new stry. When she finishes ne, she feels 43 than befre. Amach thinks everyne shuld have a g at writing because everyne has a stry t tell.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(每空不超过三个单词)
Mark Twain (马克•吐温) nce said, “Everyne talks abut the weather, but n ne ever des anything abut it.” This was true in his day but it may nt be true in 44 (tday) wrld. Nw scientists have 45 (find) many different ways t cntrl the weather.
Clud seeding (云催化) is a kind 46 technlgy that can cntrl rain. It can nt nly change the amunt (量) f water inside the clud, 47 als decide when it rains and even where it rains.
This technlgy has played an imprtant rle during imprtant 48 (event). Fr example, China used clud seeding in Beijing just befre the 2008 Olympic Games t stp rain frm 49 (fall) during the event.
Hwever, scientists are still talking abut hw 50 (use) this technlgy. On the 51 hand, things it uses may be bad fr the envirnment. On the ther hand, n tw cluds are the same. Smetimes it may nt be 52 (success).
In rder t cntrl rain 53 (prper), scientists are wrking hard t find mre useful ways. Hwever, it’s nt easy.
第六部分 阅读表达（共3小题；1题2分，2题2分，3题3分，满分7分）
请认真阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题。
Nbdy likes a bully (恶霸). But bullying is a big prblem arund the wrld. Accrding t a recent survey, ne ut f every five students in the US has been bullied.
Nathan Fellars, an eighth grader at Centennial Middle Schl in Utah, US, decided t d smething after he saw classmates being bullied. “Peple ften deal with bullying after the bullying has happened. I wanted t find a way t reduce (减少) bullying befre it happens at all.” Fellars tld the Sciety fr Science.
After studying mre abut the causes f bullying, he had an idea t make the app Bully Blck. On the app, students can share their lives, whether gd r bad. Others can then send reviews. But befre the reviews are shwn, an AI prgram reads all f them. Only psitive (积极的) reviews will be chsen. Fellars believes that this will naturally stp bullying bth nline and in schls.
“All we need is a mbile phne,” said Fellars, “I wuld lve t see my prject used by teachers and students. I lve knwing that my inventin (发明) can help smebdy else in the wrld.”
54．Wh invented Bully Blck?

55．Hw des the AI prgram wrk?

56．Wuld yu like t try Bully Blck? Why r why nt?

第七部分 书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
57．文明，是一座城市最温暖的底色。当前，南京正在加快创建全国文明典范城市的步伐，从“文明高地”向“文明高峰”攀登。值此暑假来临之际，请你写一篇演讲稿，以参加暑期“Hw t be a civilized (文明的) middle schl student?”为主题的演讲比赛。内容应包含以下要点：
礼仪修养：遵守交通规则，公共场合举止礼貌……
关爱他人：参与慈善活动，做志愿者……
环境保护：节约能源，垃圾分类，公共交通……
暑假计划：按时完成作业，多读有意义的书，旅行……
注意：
1. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
2. 短文须包括所有内容要点，并适当发挥；
3. 词数80左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear classmates,
The summer hliday is cming sn! As middle schl students, I think we can d smething t make Nanjing mre civilized.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let’s try ur best t becme civilized students. Wish yu all have a happy and meaningful summer hliday!
ART FESTIVAL (8-18 August)
CONCERTEric Fawkins, tw-time Prima Music Prize winner, will perfrm an evening f classical and jazz ballads.
Eric Fawkins’ latest CD will als be n sale.
Venue: Victry Theater
Dates: 8-18 August
Tickets: $50 (child); $80 (adult)
VIDEO PROJECTAn hurly shw f vides presented by Xinhua Secndary Schl students. Vide themes (主题) are abut Intellectually disabled yuth (残疾青年) and their parents.
Venue: Capital Hall
Dates: 8-16 August Free admissin
PERFORMANCEAlpine Yuth Theater presents Inside the Mind f a Cat with careful sunds and dance, prmising t give a wnderful perfrmance by 20 yung peple between 18 and 25 years f age.
Venue: Natinal Arts Theatre
Dates: 10-15 August Free admissin
risk, she, prud, subject, give a helping hand
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Frank和妈妈经过一个花园，他想仔细地看看花儿；花匠邀请他进入；参观过程中，Frank表现很好，没有乱动，花匠很满意；而花匠却拒绝另一个男孩——汤姆进入，因为汤姆昨天摘花、拽水果。文章告诉我们，不要乱动不属于自己的东西，礼貌是非常重要的。
1．句意：我想更仔细地看看。
newer更新的；clser更仔细地；mre更多；sner更快地。结合上文“Mm, these flwers are really beautiful.”和备选词汇可知，此处是因为花很漂亮，Frank想更仔细地看看这些花。故选B。
2．句意：一位花匠听到后，友好地邀请他们到花园里去。
mainly主要地；hardly几乎不；clearly清晰地；kindly友好地。结合下文“Frank’s mther thanked the man.”和备选词汇可知，此处是指花匠友好地邀请Frank进入花园。故选D。
3．句意：我带你在花园里散步，但别把它弄乱了。
decisin决定；nise嗓音；mess杂乱；difference差异。结合下文“He walked alng the clean path, lked at the beautiful flwers, but tuched ... He didn’t step n the grass and was … nt t let his clthes sweep the flwers.”可知，母亲告诫Frank守规矩，不要把花园弄乱了，而Frank进入花园后，也是小心翼翼，很守规矩；考查make a mess“弄得一团糟”。故选C。
4．句意：他沿着干净的小路走着，看着美丽的花朵，但什么也没碰。
anything任何事物；everything每件事物；smething某事；nthing没有什么。结合下文“He didn’t step n the grass”和备选词汇可知，此处是指Frank很守规矩，沿路只用眼睛看，不碰任何东西。故选D。
5．句意：他没有踩到草地，小心翼翼地不让他的衣服扫花。
careful小心的；happy开心的；difficult困难的；srry难过的。结合上文“He didn’t step n the grass”和备选词汇可知，此处是指他小心地不让他的衣服碰到花儿。故选A。
6．句意：花匠对Frank很满意。
at在；with具有；in在……里；fr给，为。结合下文“He shwed him the seeds and tld him the names f the flwers and plants.”和备选词汇可知，此处是指花匠对Frank的表现很满意，考查be pleased with“对……感到满意”，形容词短语。帮选B。
7．句意：当弗兰克正在欣赏一朵花的美丽时，另一个小男孩来到了门口。
sme一些；thers其他人；anther另一；ther另外的。结合“little by”和备选词汇可知，此处是指另一个小男孩，应用anther表示泛指。故选C。
8．句意：他发现大门是锁着的，就使劲摇晃着，喊道：“让我进去！让我进去！”
shuted叫嚷；laughed笑；answered回答；wrte写。结合上文“he shk it hard”和备选词汇可知，此处是指那小男孩子大声喊叫，想要进来。故选A。
9．句意：我不会让一个乱动植物的男孩进入我的花园。
refuse拒绝；seem似乎；frget忘记；chse选择，情愿。结合上文“When I let yu in yesterday, yu brke my flwers and pulled sme f my fruit.”和备选词汇可知，此处是指花匠不情愿小男孩进来；考查chse t d sth.“情愿做某事”。故选D。
10．句意：Frank看到了这一切，意识到对一个孩子来说，不去乱动不属于他的东西是多么重要。
impssible不可能的；imprtant重要的；silly愚蠢的；strange奇怪的。结合上文不让另一个男孩进花园和备选词汇可知，此处是指Frank意识到不乱动不属于自己的东西是多么的重要。故选B。
11．D 12．C 13．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了艺术节的一些信息。
11．细节理解题。根据“An hurly shw f vides presented by Xinhua Secndary Schl students.”可知，视频节目是由学生呈现。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据“Tickets: $50 (child); $80 (adult)”可知，小孩是50美元；成人是80美元，因此一个孩子和父亲去音乐会应该花费50+80=130美元。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“Venue: Natinal Arts Theatre”可知，可以在国家艺术剧院观看。故选C。
14．B 15．A 16．C 17．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位农民种出好玉米的秘诀是帮助邻居也种出好玉米。
14．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Each year his crn wn first prize in a cmpetitin. S he was knwn in many villages.”可知，这个农民以他的好玉米而出名。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The wind picks up pllen (花粉) frm the crn and spreads it frm field t field. If my neighbrs grw bad crn, it will affect the quality f my crn. S if I want t grw gd crn, I must help my neighbrs grw gd crn.”可知，如果农民想种好玉米，就必须帮助邻居们种好玉米，可推知，这位农民出好玉米的秘诀是允许他的邻居们使用他的好玉米种子。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“If my neighbrs grw bad crn, it will affect the quality f my crn.”可知，如果邻居们种的是劣质玉米，这也会影响这位农民的玉米质量。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Giving, instead f taking, makes us different frm ther animals.”可知，最后一段主要告诉我们给予的重要性。故选B。
18．D 19．C 20．A 21．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了柳絮和杨絮的形成原因以及科学家为减少杨絮产生而研究出来的方法。
18．推理判断题。根据“Fr sme peple, this “snw” is nt welcmed. Catkins can cause allergies (过敏), making peple’s nses, eyes, and skin uncmfrtable.；In spring, the female (雌性的) trees grw lts f flwers. When these flwers finish grwing, they prduce cttn-like seeds that spread thrugh the air.”以及通读第一、二段可知，此处主要讲了柳絮和杨絮形成于四月，如下雪一般，并且容易引起过敏症状，所以可推知，吸入飞絮很不舒服。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Ding ‘gender change surgery (变性手术)’ n willw and pplar trees is ne f them.”；第五段中的“Scientists in Wuxi, Jiangsu, use special injectins (注射剂) t reduce the number f catkins n trees.”以及最后一段中的“Other than injectins, the trees can als take ‘medicine’.”可知，应对飞絮，文章提到了做变性手术、注射药物及喷洒药剂三种方式。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Hwever, the trees need t get injectins every year t keep the catkin numbers under cntrl.”可知，注射这种方法的缺点是树木需要每年注射。故选A。
21．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了柳絮和杨絮的形成原因以及科学家为减少杨絮产生而研究出来的方法，所以B项正确。故选B。
22．B 23．C 24．D 25．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了“学转英超”基层足球教练培训项目，以及“村超”对足球爱好者的意义和影响。
22．推理判断题。根据“‘Premier Skills’ is the first prject between Village FA and the English Premier League (英超). It helps imprve lcal sccer level.”可知此处的“It”指代前句的“Premier Skills”。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“The first time I intrduced fun games in the class t imprve students’ teamwrk, the students seemed happier.”可知当地足球教练通过引进趣味游戏的方式提升学生们的团队合作。故选C。
24．推理判断题。根据“It is quite gd fr Village FA and it can als train mre talented Chinese sccer players.”可知“村超”训练了更多有天赋的中国足球运动员，由此可推知“村超”有利于足球的发展。故选D。
25．最佳标题题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍了“学转英超”基层足球教练培训项目，以及“村超”对足球爱好者的意义和影响。因此“Sharing sccer lve”可作为标题。故选C。
26．E 27．G 28．A 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在钟表发明之前，人们是怎样看时间的。
26．根据上文“At first, the ancient peple lked up at the sun and culd tell it was the middle f the day when the sun was directly verhead in the sky.”可知，此处在说人们通过看太阳可以辨别时间。选项E“他们也知道什么时候是早晨，什么时候是晚上。”符合情境。故选E。
27．根据空前一句“As the sun mved acrss the sky, the psitin f the shadw changed.”可知，随着太阳在天空中移动，影子的位置也发生了变化。选项G“这样人们就能知道时间了。”符合情境。故选G。
28．根据空前一句“As the sun shines n it, a shadw appears n the numbers”可知，此处谈论的是在阳光照射下影子和数字的关系。选项A“每个数字代表一天中的一个小时。”符合情境。故选A。
29．根据空前一句“Water clcks used water t measure time at night.”可知，此处谈到了用水辨别时间的方法。选项B“水慢慢地从一个碗滴到另一个碗里。”符合情境。故选B。
30．根据空前一句“Yu may have seen ne, Sme games still use sand-glasses”可知，此处谈到的是人们使用沙钟来辨别时间，选项C“沙子从沙杯的顶部落到底部。”符合情境。故选C。
31．return
【详解】句意：我们应该按时把书归还给图书馆。“归还”的英文表达是return，动词；shall后接动词原形。故填return。
32．guide
【详解】句意：作为导游，我们应该入乡随俗。guide“导游”，是名词，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填guide。
33．habit
【详解】句意：大卫有吃饭时看书的坏习惯。结合句意和汉语提示可知，habit“习惯”，可数名词；根据“has the bad … f reading bks”可知，此处应用名词单数形式作宾语。故填habit。
34．bked
【详解】句意：别担心。我已经订好了下周一去香港的票。“预订”要用“bk”来表达，由have可知句子为现在完成时，空处要填过去分词形式，bk的过去分词形式为bked。故填bked。
35．(r)ealize
【详解】句意：——我们怎样才能实现我们的梦想？ ——只有把我们的梦想付诸行动。根据“Hw can dreams?”及首字母提示可知，应该是“实现”，情态动词can后跟动词原形realize，realize ne’s dream实现某人的梦想，固定搭配。 故填(r)ealize。
36．(b)asket
【详解】句意：——我将要花我所有的钱来买那辆新车。 ——你是认真的吗？你不能孤注一掷。结合首字母提示和“I’m ging t spend all my mney buying that new car.”可知，此处表示你不能孤注一掷，英文表达是Yu can’t put all yur eggs in ne basket。所以空格处应填名词basket“篮子”。故填(b)asket。
37．(s)imilar
【详解】句意：我的猫和你的猫体型相似但颜色不同。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处是指体型相似，be similar t...“与……相似”。故填(s)imilar。
38．()ppsite
【详解】句意：澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。四月，是澳大利亚的秋天。根据“In April, it is autumn in Australia.”可知，澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反；ppsite“对立，反面”，符合语境。故填()ppsite。
39．risked 40．subject 41．herself 42．gives a helping hand 43．pruder
【导语】本文讲述了儿童新闻短篇故事竞赛的冠军Amach写《新的开始》这篇文章的过程和写作感悟。
39．句意：在这个故事中，Amach告诉了我们难民是如何冒着生命危险在澳大利亚过上更好的生活的。根据“refugees (难民) lives fr a better life in Australia”和备选词汇可知，难民们为了过上更好的生活，需要冒着生命危险。risk ne’s life“冒着生命危险”，是固定搭配，结合“tld”可知，从句应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填risked。
40．句意：然后我想这可能是一个很好的故事主题。根据“I thught it might be a a stry.”和备选词汇可知，此处指“故事的主题”，subject“主题”，a后接名词单数。故填subject。
41．句意：然后她试着“设身处地为别人着想”。此处应是put neself in smene else’s shes“设身处地为别人着想”，是固定搭配，主语是“she”，空处应填入she的反身代词herself“她自己”。故填herself。
42．句意：她认为如果每个人都向难民伸出援助之手，世界将会变得更美好。根据“if the refugees, the wrld will be a better place”和备选词汇可知，此处指“向难民伸出援助之手”，give a helping hand“给予帮助，伸出援助之手”，if引导条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”，此处的从句用一般现在时，主语是“everyne”，谓语动词用三单形式。故填gives a helping hand。
43．句意：当她完成一个故事时，她感到比以前更自豪。根据“When she finishes ne, she befre.”和备选词汇可知，当完成一个故事后，她感到很骄傲。 prud“骄傲的”，结合than，空处应用prud的比较级形式pruder，作表语。故填pruder。
44．tday’s 45．fund 46．f 47．but 48．events 49．falling 50．t use 51．ne 52．successful 53．prperly
【导语】本文主要介绍了人类找到了许多不同的方法来控制天气，其中一种是云催化技术可以控制降雨。
44．句意：这在他那个时代是真的，但在当今世界可能不是真的。空后是名词，此处用名词所有格tday’s“今天的”。故填tday’s。
45．句意：现在科学家们已经找到了许多不同的方法来控制天气。此处用过去分词fund和助动词have构成现在完成时。故填fund。
46．句意：云催化是一种可以控制降雨的技术。a kind f“一种”。故填f。
47．句意：它不仅可以改变云中的水量，而且可以决定何时下雨，甚至在哪里下雨。nt als“不但……而且”。故填but。
48．句意：这项技术在重要赛事中发挥了重要作用。此处表示泛指用名词复数events“事件”。故填events。
49．句意：例如，就在2008年奥运会前，中国在北京使用了云催技术来阻止比赛期间的降雨。介词frm后加动名词falling。故填falling。
50．句意：然而，科学家们仍在讨论如何使用这项技术。此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”。故填t use。
51．句意：一方面，它使用的东西可能对环境有害。n the ne the ther hand“一方面……另一方面”。故填ne。
52．句意：有时它可能不成功。作be动词的表语用形容词successful“成功的”。故填successful。
53．句意：为了正确控制降雨，科学家们正在努力寻找更有用的方法。此处修饰动词用副词prperly“正确地”。故填prperly。
54．Fellars. 55．It reads all reviews and nly chses psitive reviews. 56．Yes, I’d like t. Because I want t see the effectiveness f this Bully Blck applicatin.
【导语】本文主要介绍了美国犹他州百年中学八年级学生Nathan Fellars制作了一款减少欺凌的Bully Blck应用程序。
54．根据“After studying mre abut the causes f bullying, he had an idea t make the app Bully Blck. ... Fellars believes that this will naturally stp bullying bth nline and in schls.”可知，Fellars发明了Bully Blck。故填Fellars.
55．根据“But befre the reviews are shwn, an AI prgram reads all f them. Only psitive (积极的) reviews will be chsen.”可知，人工智能程序读取所有评论并只选择积极的评论。故填It reads all reviews and nly chses psitive reviews.
56．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I’d like t. Because I want t see the effectiveness f this Bully Blck applicatin.
57．例文
Dear classmates,
The summer hliday is cming sn! As middle schl students, I think we can d smething t make Nanjing mre civilized.
First, we shuld always bey traffic rules when crssing the rad. In public places, it is necessary t behave plitely. We can take part in charity activities and wrk as vlunteers at the cmmunity centre.
Secnd, we can save energy by turning ff the lights when we leave a rm. Als, rubbish shuld be separated int different grups carefully. It’s wise fr us t chse public transprt.
At last, I plan t finish my hmewrk n time and read mre meaningful bks. Besides, I am ging t travel t Beijing t learn mre abut the histry and culture.
Let’s try ur best t becme civilized students. Wish yu all have a happy and meaningful summer hliday!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿；
②时态：主要时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容中“提示信息”的要求均要一一阐述，可适当发挥，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步：表明写作意图。借用“作为中学生，我想我们可以做些事情让南京变得更加文明。”来引出重点介绍的内容。
第二步：具体阐述写作内容。从“礼仪修养、关爱他人、环境保护、暑假计划”等方面具体介绍怎么做。
第三步：书写结语。表达“祝大家度过一个愉快而有意义的暑假”的美好愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①bey traffic rules遵守交通规则
②take part in参加
③save energy节约能源
[高分句型]
①Secnd, we can save energy by turning ff the lights when we leave a rm. (when引导状语从句)
②Als, rubbish shuld be separated int different grups carefully. (含有情态动词的被动语态）