初中英语2024届中考语法复习主谓一致知识讲解练习

这是一份初中英语2024届中考语法复习主谓一致知识讲解练习，共6页。试卷主要包含了there be 句型，主谓一致，语法一致，意义一致，练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、there be 句型
1.There be 句型结构：
“There be + 主语 + 地点” 表示某地有某人或物
Eg: There is a bird in the tree。
树上有一只鸟。
2.如何判断Be动词的数：
be动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果主语部分有两个或两个以上的并列主语时，be动词一般与临近主语的数保持一致，即为“临近原则”
Eg: There is a bk n the desk.
桌子上有一本书。（书是单数）
There is sme water in the bttle.
瓶里有些水。（水不可数故用单数）
There are sme pencils in the bx.
盒子里有一些铅笔。（笔为可数名词复数）
There is a desk and five chairs here.
这有一张桌子和五把椅子。（临近be动词的桌子为单数）
There are five chairs and a desk here.
这有五把椅子和一张桌子。（临近be动词的椅子为复数）
二、主谓一致：临近原则
“临近原则”指谓语动词的单复性取决于离其近的主语而判定。
1.具有临近原则的连词有：(或者...或者...）；
(既不...也不...)；
nt als...(不但...而且...);
Eg: Nt nly I but als Lily likes reading.
不但我而且丽丽喜欢阅读。
2.在倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。
Eg: Here is a bus./ Here are sme phts.
这里有一辆公共汽车/这有一些照片。
3.在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。
Eg: I knw the man wh is talking t Mr.Wang.
我认识那个和王先生说话的男士。
三、语法一致
1.动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Eg: Learning English is very imprtant fr us.
学英语对我们很重要。
2.the number f + 可数名词复数（...的数量），作主语时谓语动词用单数。
Eg: The number f the students in ur class is 32.
我们班学生的数量是32人。
3.a number f + 可数名词复数（许多...），作主语时谓语动词用复数。
Eg: A number f trees are planted this year.
今年种了许多树。
D...(两者都),作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Eg: Bth Lily and Lucy are gd students.
丽丽和露西都是好学生。
5.当主语与谓语动词之间插入alng with; as well as; tgether with; besides; except; but; including等短语时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致。
Eg: I, alng with sister, am ging t Shanghai.
我和姐姐要去上海。
6.a lt f/lts f/plenty f/mst f + 名词，作主语时，谓语动词取决于主语。
Eg: Lts f ld peple like t take walks here.
许多老人喜欢在这散步。
7.分数或百分数 + 名词，作主语时，谓语动词取决于主语。
Eg: Tw thirds f the wrk has been finisheD.
三分之二的工作被完成了。
四、意义一致
1.集体名词（如：family/class/team/grup/public),取决于主语意义。
Eg: My hst family is really nice.
我的房东真的很好。
My family are at hme nw.
我们一家人现在都在家。
2.集合名词(如：peple/plice/cattle等)，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Eg: The plice are helping a girl lk fr her mther.
警察正在帮一个女孩找她的妈妈。
3.the + 姓氏名词复数，表示“...一家人”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Eg: The Greens are having a picnic under the tree.
格林一家人正在树下野餐。
4.the + 某些形容词，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Eg: The yung are energetic.
年轻人都很有精力。
5.and 连接并列主语，表示同一个人或物时（即and后面无冠词),谓语动词用单数。
Eg: A famus writer and teacher is ging t give a speech in ur schl.
这位著名的作家和老师将在我们进行演讲。
6.表示重量、度量、时间、长度、价格、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Eg: Tw mnths is a lng hliday.
两个月是一个很长的假期。
五、练习
( )1.Ding eye exercises _____ ne f the mst useful ways t prtect ur eyes.
A.is
B.are
C.were
D.was
( )2.It ______ five years since we met last time.
A.was
B.were
C.has been
D.have been
( )3.All my family ____ my sn’s birthday at hme.
A.celebrated
B.are celebrating
C.is celebrating
D.have celebrated
( )4.Mary as well as his classmates _____ having an English test nw.
A.are
B.was
C.were
D.is
( )5.Listen! There ____ smene _____ at the dr.
A.is; kncking
B.is; knck
C.are; kncking
D.are; knck
( )6.There _____ a number f bks in ur library.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
( )7.The number f students in ur schl ______ 5,000.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
( )8.There ______ eight pencils and a pen in the pencil case.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.will be
( )9.Neither Tny nr I ______ interested in playing cmputer games.
A.am
B.is
C.are
D.be
( )10.Nt nly Tm but als his father ______ reading.
A.enjy
B.enjys
C.enjyed
D.has enjyed
( )11.Fr kids f this age, tw hurs f sitting in a classrm ______ t lng.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
( )12.One f my friends ______ frm Russia.
A.was
B.has
C.cmes
D.are
( )13.Bth Lily and Lucy ______ having dinner tgether nw.
A.are
B.were
C.is
D.was
( )14.There ______ plenty f trees and flwers in the park.
A.is
B.was
C.are
D.were
( )15.Three fifth f the wrkers _______ wrking in the factry.
A.is
B.are
C.has
D.will
( )16.Peple in ur cuntry _____ prud f ur cuntry.
A.is
B.was
C.were
D.are
( )17.Here _______ yur tickets.
A.is
B.are
C.will
D.has
( )18.Frty minutes _____ enugh fr us t slve this prblem.
A.is
B.are
C.will
D.has
( )19.When t g ______ nt been decideD.
A.have
B.has
C.is
D.are
( )20.This pair f trusers ______ big enugh fr me.
A.have
B.has
C.is
D.are
( )21.Smebdy _____ waiting fr yu at the gate.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
( )22.The writer and the teacher ______ talking abut hw t teach students nw.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
( )23.The actr and singer _____ ppular with the yung in the past.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
( )24.My family _____ pr when I was a little girl.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
( )25.The United States _____ funded in 1776.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
( )26.Mre students than ne ______ here.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
( )27.Tw and three ______ five.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
( )28.Scissrs ______ useful tl fr a dressmaker (裁缝).
A.is
B.was
C.are
D.were
( )29.Many a student ______ made the same mistake.
A.is
B.are
C.has
D.have
( )30.All I knw abut this cmpany _____ what he tld me yesterday.
A.has
B.have
C.are
D.is
31.There ______ (be) frty students and a desk in the classrm.
32.There ______ (cme) the bus.
33.Smebdy _____ (be) absent frm schl tday.
34.The weak, like the strng, _____ (have) their wn places in the wrlD.
35.T see _____ (be) t believe.
36.Twenty years _______ (have) passeD.
37.The plice ______ (wear) blue in winter.
38.A number f students ______ (be) at schl yesterday.
39.The number f students _____ (be) rising.
40.Tw thirds f the earth _____ (be) cvered with water.
41.Neither f us _____ (have) anything t say.
42.My glasses ______ (be) brken.
43.Each by ______ (have) an apple in their hands.
44.Tw and a half apples _____ (be) left n the table.
45.A new type f machines ______ (be) n shw nw.
46.Maths _____ (be) imprtant lessn fr us.
47.The Greens _______ (be) visiting in Beijing nw.
48.The traffic ______ (be) very heavy nw.
49.Fish, fruit and vegetables _______ (be) what man lives n.
50.Each day ______ (be) better than the ne befre.
【答案】
1 -- 5 ACBDA 6 -- 10 BABAB
11 -- 15 ACACB 16 -- 20 DBABC
21 -- 25 ABACC 26 -- 30 AACCD
31.are 32.cmes 33.is 34.has 35. is
36.has 37.wear 38. were 39.is 40.is
41.has 42.are/were 43.has 44.are 45.is
46.is 47.are 48.is 49.are 50.is