02 必修二 Unit 4 过去分词作定语和宾语（语法精讲精练）（原卷版+解析版）2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破（人教版2019）

这是一份02 必修二 Unit 4 过去分词作定语和宾语（语法精讲精练）（原卷版+解析版）2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破（人教版2019），文件包含02必修二Unit4过去分词作定语和宾语语法精讲精练原卷版2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破人教版2019docx、02必修二Unit4过去分词作定语和宾语语法精讲精练解析版2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破人教版2019docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共23页， 欢迎下载使用。
过去分词，也称动词的-ed形式，是一种非限定动词。规则动词的过去分词形式由动词原形词尾加-ed构成，不规则动词的过去分词形式有不规则动词变化表。-ed形式一般表示被动和完成，只有一种形式，没有时态和语态的形式变化、它在句子中可以充当定语、宾语补足语等成分。
一、过去分词作定语
1. 过去分词作定语时的意义
过去分词作定语，强调被动或者完成的意义。
Things seen are mightier than things heard.
(谚语)眼见为实，耳听为虚。
Her daughter, brught up by me, has begun t wrk nw.
她的由我养育的那个女儿现在已经参加工作了。
2.过去分词作定语时的位置
(1)单个的过去分词作定语，常放在所修饰的名词的前面。过去分词短语作定语时，须放在所修饰的名词之后，此时，它相当于定语从句。
He tld me that this was the wunded sldier.
他告诉我这就是那个受伤的战士。
Near the windw, there is a bkshelf filled with bks (= which is filled with bks).
窗户旁有一个装满书的书架。
(2)当被修饰的词是复合不定代词 smething, nthing, smebdy 等或指示代词 thse, these等时，作定语的过去分词须后置。
There has been nthing changed since I left Lndn tw years ag.
自从我两年前离开伦敦后，那儿一直没有什么变化。
Is there anything unslved?
还有没解决的问题吗？
(3)某些不及物动词的过去分词，不可以单独作前置定语。但可以与某些副词构成复合形容词作前置定语。
完成的意义。
well-behaved children 守规矩的孩子
newly-arrived visitrs刚到的参观者
3.现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
过去分词作宾语补足语
英语中过去分词作宾语补足语，通常用于以下几种情况：
1.过去分词用在表示状态的动词 keep，leave等后面。keep/leave+n. / prn. + pp
Keep yur muth shut and yur eyes pen.
(谚语)少说多看。
2.过去分词用在表示“致使”意义的动词后面。如：have, make, get 等。
(1)“have+宾语+过去分词”这一结构有三种含义：
①表示“让某事被(别人)做”。
I have my hair cut nce a mnth.
我一个月理一次发。
They are ging t have the entrance hall painted white.
他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色。
②表示“遇到某种不幸；受到打击；蒙受……损失；受……影响”。
While they were n hliday, they had their car brken int.
他们在度假时车被撬开了。
He had his hat blwn ff n his way hme.
在回家的路上他的帽子被风吹走了。
③表示“完成某事(自己也可能参与)”。
I have had all my spelling mistakes crrected.
我已经把所有的拼写错误都改正了。
He has had ne thusand yuan saved this year.
他今年已经存了一千元了。
(2)“make+宾语+过去分词”这一结构中，过去分词的动作必须是表示结果含义的。
He is trying t make himself understd.
他在努力把自己的意思说清楚。
3.过去分词用在表示感觉或心理状态的动词后面。如: see, watch, bserve, find, hear, feel, ntice 等。
She felt a great weight taken ff her mind.
她觉得心里轻松多了。
The next mrning peple fund the wrld utside cmpletely changed.
第二天早上，人们发现外面的世界完全变了。
4.过去分词用在“with/withut+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，宾语与过去分词在逻辑上存在被动关系。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。
With many brightly-clured flwers planted arund the building, her huse lks like a beautiful garden.
她的房子周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，看上去就像一个漂亮的花园。
With everything well arranged, he left the ffice.
一切安排妥当后，他离开了办公室。
5.过去分词用在表示“希望，要求，命令”的动词后面。如want, wish, expect, wuld like, rder 等。
He wn’t like such questins discussed at the meeting.
他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。
The students wish the TV serial plays cntinued.
学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。
【口诀助记】
一感二听三使役六看，后接分词作宾语补足语常见，
主动 ding 被动 dne，还有 with 结构要记上。
(一“感觉”：feel；二“听”；hear, listen t；三“使役”：have, leave, keep;六“看”：see, watch, lk at, bserve, find,
ntice; with 结构：with+宾语+宾语补足语。)
★温馨提示
过去分词、现在分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别
①I saw him pening the windw.
我看到他在开窗户。(强调正在开窗户)
②I saw the windw pened.
我看见窗户被打开了。(强调看见时窗户已经被打开了)
③I saw him pen the windw.
我看见他打开了窗户。(省略t的不定式作宾语补足语，表示看到了开窗户的全过程）
三、单句语法填空：
1. This is the statue f a brave sldier (seat) n a hrse, with a gun n his back.
2. Prfessr Jrdan gave us a mre (cnfuse) lecture this afternn and mst f us were (cnfuse).
3. He is enthusiastically talking with a man (call) Mike.
4. The meeting (hld) yesterday was f great imprtance.
5. The by (absrb) in his hmewrk was my deskmate.
6. D yu knw the twer (lcate) in the heart f the city?
7. There is a (determine) lk n her face.
8. The peple (link) t the rbbery were put int prisn.
9. The girl (lse) in thught is secnd t nne in maths.
10. There is a (pllute) river near my huse, giving a bad smell.
11. When he came back ten years later, he fund his hmetwn greatly (change).
12. I want him (finish) the hmewrk in time.
13. My father had had the huse (paint) befre we mved in.
14. The end f the stry left me (puzzle).
15. I turned arund because I heard smene (speak) my hmetwn dialect.
16. The speaker raised her vice t make herself (hear).
17. I saw them (play) ftball when I passed by.
18. They kept the dr (lck) fr a lng time.
19. We can hear the windws (beat) by the rain drps.
20. We must get the wrk (finish) by 10 ’clck.
21. The mnkey puts its hand int the bx thrugh a hle just big enugh fr an empty hand, but when it grabs the apple and hlds it tightly, it gets (stick).
22. The famus museum (destry) in the terrible fire has been repaired thanks t the supprt frm the gvernment.
23. She wants her paintings (shw) in the gallery, but her paintings aren’t ppular.
24. (bury) under the ruins, the little girl was rather frightened and cried fr help.
25. (adapt) frm a true stry, the film is set in Paris in the 1900s.
26. Each year, a large number f teens and yung adults get (injure) while playing sprts.
27. (cmpare) with ther students, Mary is mre determined t achieve her gal.
28. When (ffer) help, ne ften says “Thank yu.” r “It’s kind f yu.”.
29. (face) with prblems in relatinship, they dn’t knw what t d.
30. (lcate) in the center f the twn, the shpping mall was a gd chice fr peple t shp.
31. (equip) with necessary knwledge and skills, I was qualified fr the jb.
32. (surrund) with peple wh lve and respect him, he feels delighted and energetic every day.
33. (mtivatin) t wrk mre efficiently, the emplyees are cncentrating n their tasks.
34. Frty years ag, mst peple in China lived in small huses where winter seemed t be extremely cld, but nw peple live in large huses (equip) with heating systems.
35. Once (heat), water will change int steam.
36. (cmpare) t ur small apartment, ur uncle’s huse seemed like a palace.
37. He refused t accept (dnate) mney and decided t make mney by himself.
38. Active learners d nt judge peple (base) n first impressins r persnal feelings.
39. He is a regular custmer t the barbecue restaurant, in which rast muttn and (fry) chicken are his favrite.
40. I am writing the letter fr the psitin as a vlunteer (advertise) in the newspaper.
41. (paint) n a five-meter-lng silk scrll, Qingming Scrll is a masterwrk f Chines art.
42. The results indicated that smething (prduce) by the muld had killed the bacteria.
43. There yu will eat fd which is cked in leaves (steam) ver ht stnes.
44. (vercme) with srrw, Zhu Yingtai jumps int Liang Shanb’s grave.
45. With eyes n lnger (fix) n ur phnes, we had a chance t really enjy each ther’s cmpany. 46. Nw it’s dne. Regrets are f n benefit. It’s n use crying fr (spill) milk.
47. Mr Smith asked us t (respnse) t him actively in class.
48. Sme language cmmunities are t adpting wrds frm ther cultures.
49. The bk (entitle) “Heavy Packages f Histry” shw the weight f histry it carries.
50. The prducer cmes regularly t cllect the cameras (return) t ur shp fr quality prblems.
四、高考真题回顾：
1. (2023·全国I卷) Shanghai may be the __________ (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring canal twn f Nanxiang as Xia lng ha’s birthplace.
2. (2023·全国甲卷) Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message _________ (intend) fr everyne.
3. (2023·全国乙卷) Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng t ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully ________ (build) system f ring rads.
4. (2022·全国甲卷) Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin _________ (hld) in Beijing, Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute (致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad.
5. (2022·全国乙卷) “ It can help t build a cmmunity with a _________ (share) future fr mankind,” he said.
6. (2021·全国I卷) Strange, isn’t it? But that’s hw nature is — always leaving us _________ (astnish).
7. (全国Ⅰ) But my cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reprter _________ (permit) t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.
8. (全国Ⅰ)A study f travelers __________ (cnduct) by the website TripAdvisr names Yangshu as ne f the tp 10 destinatins in the wrld.
五、语篇语法填空：
(1)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(1-3词)。
A leaf fell int the water and changed the taste f it. Therefre, tea was brn. China is knwn 1 the hme f tea. Since ancient times, tea 2 (exist) in Chinese culture, leaving its arma in petry and custms. Many tea lvers enjy tea nt just fr its flavr, 3 als fr the beauty f tea ceremnies.
4 (pick) tea leaves is an imprtant spring activity in the Yangtze River basin in Suth China. The earliest tea is ften ready t be picked befre Qingming, 5 the temperature begins t rise and rainfall increases. This precius small utput f tea is called Mingqian tea.
East China’s Zhejiang prvince is 6 (wide) acknwledged as a majr prducer f tea. White Tea in Huzhu city’s Anji cunty and West Lake Lngjing Tea in Hangzhu are tw famus teas in bth China and abrad. In spring, lcal hillsides 7 (fill) with tea wrkers swing seeds n their land. Many turists like the beautiful scenery f tea farms, while 8 (enjy) a freshly brewed cup f tea.
Tea has als been a carrier fr cultural exchanges. Alng with China’s silk, tea was ne f the first 9 (prduct) t receive wrldwide trade. Traditinal tea prcessing techniques and assciated scial practices in China were placed n 10 Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity in 2022.
(2)
N discussin abut Chinese culture is cmplete withut mentining f the Great Wall. It is ne f the mst amazing 1 (structure) in the entire wrld. Thrugh mre than 2,000 years frm the 2 (seven) century BC t the 16th century AD, 19 Dynasties built parts f the Great Wall, 3 (add) up t ver 100,000 kilmeters. It prevented nrthern peple n hrseback 4 attacking peple in the suth.
The hardships invlved in building the Great Wall are beynd 5 (imagine). A Chinese idim 6 (vivid) expresses the Great Wall, “Effrts jined by many can build the Great Wall.”
Over the centuries, the Great Wall 7 (becme) a symbl f strength fr the Chinese peple. Fr example, the natinal anthem, cmpsed by Nie Er, 8 (call) n the peple t “build ur new Great Wall with ur flesh and bld.”
The well-preserved sectins we see tday were mainly built during the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644), amng 9 the mst ppular are arund Beijing, including Badaling, Mutianyu, Juyngguan, and Simatai. A day tur r 10 lng hike alng the Great Wall allws yu t travel back in time t feel the thusands f years’ changes and the eths (精神风貌) f the ancient Kingdm f China.
(3)
Gulangyu, which is als called “pian island” r “museum f glbal architectures”, is an island ff the cast f Xiamen, sutheast China’s Fujian Prvince. The little island 1 (think) f as a name card f Xiamen City and f Fujian Prvince as a whle.
Gulangyu saw rapid grwth in 2 (it) culture and educatin in mdern times, with schls, hspitals, newspaper ffices 3 libraries built by peple frm bth hme and abrad.
The island became a famus turist destinatin in 4 late 1970s. Unfrtunately, effrts t prtect the lcal histrical sites and cultural heritages (遗产) fell behind when 5 (turist) flded t Gulangyu island. As a result, the 6 (prtect) f Gulangyu became necessary.
Bagua Mansin (八卦楼)，r the Eight Diagrams Mansin, was built in the early 20th century and is ne f the attractins n the island. Later n, it was 7 (bad) in need f repair but there was n enugh mney t d it.
In 1986, the Xiamen gvernment decided 8 (repair) the mansin. After that, Bagua Mansin became the nly museum f pipe rgans, a kind f 9 (traditin) instrument in China and the largest f that kind in the wrld. The mansin, alng 10 52 ther histrical sites, frms a whle part f Gulangyu’s multicultural heritage, and this made it a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site in 2017.
(4)
Fr centuries Lndn has been the center f the United Kingdm, but it was 1 (actual) an army utpst (前哨) nearly 2,000 years ag.
There 2 (be) mre than six millin Lndners at the very 3 (begin) f the 20th century. It was lucky 4 them that their hmetwn wuld becme the largest and wealthiest city n the earth in the new century. Hwever, wars 5 (fight) frm Wrld War Ⅰ t Wrld War Ⅱ. Luckily, this city survived and their cuntry became a cuntry f “freedm and glry fr mankind”, as Winstn Churchill nce said.
Lndn, thugh badly ruined, remained a gd chice fr peple 6 were lking fr chances. In 7 1950s, a new wave f immigrants (移民) changed the face f the city. Millins f peple went there in hpe f 8 (find) better jbs and higher pay. Nw, Lndn is an internatinal capital f cmmerce, an 9 (attract) turist destinatin (目的地), a center f culture, and ne f the mst lively 10 (city) under the sun.
(5)
A jurney enriched with cuisine and culture
As reprted by China Turism News, the cmbinatin f culture and turism has inspired several cities in China t explre their cking heritage while transfrming fd turs int cultural experiences.
Recently the sharp increase in ppularity f Zib barbecue is a clear prf t this effrt. Zib, 1 (lcate) in East China’s Shandng prvince, was nt 2 (wide) knwn as a turist destinatin. Hwever, ver the past three mnths, the industrial city’s delicius barbecue 3 (gain) large ppularity and attracted a massive arrival f visitrs wh have turned it int a turist ht spt.
“I never expected Zib barbecue 4 (becme) s ppular all f a sudden!” said Zhang Linlin, deputy directr f the business management department at Shandng Cllege f Turism and Hspitality. “With the recent much publicity, many f my yung clleagues have rushed t try 5 ut. They all praised its great taste and reasnable price.” Zhang is researching the Zib barbecue craze t identify sustainable strategies 6 can prmte yuth turism and supprt the recvery f the turism industry.
China basts a diverse range f cuisine, and 7 (regin) thrughut the cuntry have been actively explring the ptential f fd as a catalyst (催化剂) fr turism grwth.
Fd plays a vital rle in driving turism spending and 8 (win) a traveler’s heart. Wu Liyun, an assciate prfessr f a certain university, illustrated this pint by reflecting 9 her wn experience: “The attractive skewers (烤肉串) f Dujiangyan, the tasty Yimeng stir-fried chicken f Linyi and the pleasant grilled ysters (蚝) f Guangzhu were nt nly amng the mst memrable and imprtant cmpnents f my plans, but they were the 10 (great) mtivatrs fr me t return,” Wu said.ding
现在分词表示被修饰词发起的动作，在逻辑上它们是主谓关系，并表示被修饰词的特点、性质等；且现在分词表示正在进行的行为
the biling water 沸水
the develping cuntry 发展中国家
the falling leaves 正在 飘落的树
dne
被修饰词是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者；在逻辑上它们是动宾关系；且过去分词表示已经完成的行为
the biled water 开水
the develped cuntry 发达国家
the fallen leave 落叶
过去分词作宾语补足语
宾语和动词之间为被动关系，其动作先于谓语动作
现在分词作宾语补足语
宾语和动词之间为主动关系，其动作与谓语动作同时发生
不定式作宾语补足语
可表示一个完成的动作或者表示一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作