04 必修三 Unit 1-Unit 2 重点词汇及短语拓展（原卷版+解析版）2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破（人教版2019）

这是一份04 必修三 Unit 1-Unit 2 重点词汇及短语拓展（原卷版+解析版）2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破（人教版2019），文件包含04必修三Unit1-Unit2重点词汇及短语拓展原卷版2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破人教版2019docx、04必修三Unit1-Unit2重点词汇及短语拓展解析版2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破人教版2019docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共49页， 欢迎下载使用。
1. __________ n. 起源；起因；出身→__________ adj.原始的；最初的→__________ adv.原来；起初
2. __________ n. 宗教；宗教信仰→__________ adj.宗教的；笃信宗教的→__________ adv. 虔诚地；审慎地
3. __________ n. 特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会→__________ adj.偶尔的；偶然的；临时的→__________ adv.偶然；偶尔；有时候
4. __________ n. 感激之情；感谢→__________ adj.感激的；表示感谢的→__________ adv.感激地、感谢地
5. __________ adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的→__________ n. 类型；典型→__________ adv.典型地；有代表性地
6. __________ adj.农业(劳动/生产)→__________ n. 农业；农艺
7. __________ adj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的__________ adv.商业（化）地→__________ vt.使商业化；利用……牟利→__________ n. 商业化
8. __________ vt.显示；反映；反射→__________ n. 反射；反映
9. __________ v. 使满意→__________ adj.高兴的；满意的→__________ adj.令人愉快的；宜人的→__________ n. 愉快；快乐；满意；欣慰；乐事
10. __________ adj.坦率的；直率的→__________ adv.坦率地→__________ n.坦率、坦白
11. __________ vt.象征；代表；相当于→__________ n. 代表；典型人物 adj.典型的；有代表性的
12. __________ vi.& vt.摔跤；奋力对付→__________ n. 摔跤运动→__________ n. 摔跤运动员
13. __________ adv.绝对地；完全地→__________ adj.绝对的；完全的
14. __________ adj.简洁的；简单的；短暂的→__________ adv.简略地；简要地；稍微→__________ n.简洁；简单
15. __________ n. & vt.尊敬；尊重→__________ adj.表示敬意的；尊敬的→__________ adj.值得尊敬的；体面的
16. __________ vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→__________ n. 图表，插图；图解；图示
17. __________ n. 结婚；婚姻→__________ v. 结婚；娶；嫁→__________ adj.已婚的
18. __________ n. 大部分；大多数→__________ adj.主要的；多数的vi.主修→__________ n. 少数民族；少数派；少数人
19. __________ vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→__________ n. 抱怨；牢骚；投诉
20. __________ vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应→__________ n. 反应；回答；回复
21. __________ n. 医师；(尤指)内科医生→__________ n. 物理学家→__________ adj.身体的；物理的→__________ adv.身体上地→__________ n. 物理学
22. __________ vt.拒绝接受；不录用→__________ n. 拒绝接受；否决
23. __________ vt.任命；委派→__________n. 任命；约定→__________ adj.被指派的；被委派的
24. __________ n. 诊所；门诊部→__________ adj.临床的；临床诊断的
25. __________ vt.选举；推选→__________ n. 选举；推选；当选→__________ n. 选举人
26. __________ vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于→__________ n. 趋势；倾向
27. __________ vt.发表(作品)；出版→__________ n. 出版人(或机构)
28. __________ vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出→__________ n. 退休→__________ adj.退休的
29. __________ vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓→__________ adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→__________ adj.恐怖的；吓人的
30. __________ adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→__________ v. 使变锋利
31. __________ adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→__________ n. 精力；力量；能源→__________ adv.精力充沛地；充满活力地
32. __________ vt.接替；取代；更换→__________ n. 替换；更换；替代品
33. __________ vi.运转；运作vt.操作→__________ n. 操作员；接线员→__________ n. 手术；企业；经营
34. __________ vt.帮助；援助→__________ n. 助手；助理→__________ n. 帮助；援助
35. __________ adj.紧张的；拉紧的→__________ n. 紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
36. __________ n. & vt.伤害；损害→__________ adj.有害的→__________ adj.无害的
37. __________ adj.灵活的；可变通的→__________ adv.灵活地；可变通地→__________ n. 柔韧性；灵活性
II. Unit 1-Unit 2重点短语和句型
一、重点短语
1. a wide range f ____________________2. be grateful fr sth. ____________________
3. decrate 4. dress (sb. ) up ____________________
5. after all ____________________6. range frm
7. fade away ____________________8. in spite f ____________________
9. take advantage f ____________________10. play a significant rle in ____________________
11. have sth. in cmmn ____________________
12. take place ____________________13. in rder t ____________________
14. t be frank ____________________15. g ff ____________________
16. except fr ____________________17. be represented by ____________________
18. frm near and far ____________________19. the pening ceremny ____________________
20. as if ____________________21. set ff ____________________
22. be wrth it ____________________23. can’t wait t d
24. the media ____________________25. dzens f ____________________
26. shw respect t ____________________27. turn ff the heat ____________________
28. have great influence n ____________________29. carry sb. thrugh sth. ____________________
30. tend t d sth. ____________________31. get in truble ____________________
32. nt nly als 33. be affected by ____________________
34. instead f ____________________35. wuld rather d sth. ____________________
36. graduate frm ____________________37. because f ____________________
38. in need f ____________________39. care fr ____________________
40. be respnsible fr ____________________41. treat
42. f ne’s wn____________________43. nt mre____________________
44. pass away ____________________45. in memry f ____________________
46. nce upn a time ____________________47. crash int the stne ____________________
48. pick neself up ____________________49. cme alng ____________________
50. trip ver ____________________51. in tears ____________________
52. cmplain abut ____________________53. in despair ____________________
54. a great deal (f) ____________________55. belng t ____________________
二、重点句型
1. 句型公式：“n matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
教材原句：Hwever, n matter hw different they may seem, all ver the wrld, the spirit f sharing jy, gratitude, lve, r peace is cmmn in all festivals.
翻译：________________________________________________________________________________
e.g.①Whenever/N matter when yu need help, I hpe yu can get in tuch with me.
无论你何时需要帮助，我希望你可以联系我。
②Remember yu are a Chinese wherever/n matter where yu g.
不论你到哪里，记住你是一个中国人。
③Whatever and whichever yu like, there is a theme park fr yu!
不管你喜欢什么，无论你喜欢哪一种，都有一个适合你的主题公园！
2. 句型公式：which引导非限制性定语从句
教材原句：Anther example is Hallween, which slwly became an exciting festival fr children, in spite f its religius rigins.
翻译：________________________________________________________________________________
e.g. ①Chinese dumpling is a traditinal Chinese fd, which is essential during hlidays in nrthern China.
饺子是中国的传统食物，在北方的节日中不可或缺。
②Chinese Opera is the traditinal frm f Chinese theatre, which cmbines dialgue, music, vcal perfrmance, dance, and s n.
中国戏曲是中国戏剧的传统形式，它集对白、音乐、声乐、舞蹈等多种形式于一体。
③Lin dance is a frm f traditinal dance in China, which can be ften seen in imprtant festivals and great events.
狮舞是中国传统舞蹈的一种形式，经常出现在重大节日和大型活动中。
3. 句型公式：with复合结构作状语
教材原句：Festivals are becming mre and mre cmmercial, with businesses taking advantage f the celebratins.
翻译：________________________________________________________________________________
e.g.①With the by leading the way, we sn gt t the destinatin.
有那个男孩带路，我们很快就到达了目的地。
②With exams appraching, it’s a gd idea t review yur class ntes.
随着考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。
③With time ging by, I gradually understand my father's wrds.
随着时间的流逝，我逐渐明白了父亲的话。
4. 句型公式：it作形式宾语
教材原句：Online shpping websites and scial media apps have made it much easier fr the public t spend mre n gifts fr their lved nes.
翻译：________________________________________________________________________________
e.g.①I find it imprtant t learn English.
我认为学习英语很重要。
②I find it n use playing cmputer games n the Internet.
我认为玩网络游戏没有用处。
③I find it a necessity that we shuld have a gd cmmand f English.
我认为我们有必要好好掌握英语。
5. 句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
教材原句：T a persn nthing is mre precius than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, hw culd I refuse that trust, saying I’m cld, hungry, r tired?
翻译：________________________________________________________________________________
e.g.①—What d yu think f the film last night?
—It culdn’t be wrse.
——你觉得昨晚的电影怎么样？
——糟糕透了。
②I have never read a mre interesting nvel.
这是我读过的最有趣的一本小说。
③Nbdy is mre careful than him.
没有人比他更细心。
6. 句型公式：wuld rather＋动词原形
教材原句：She respnded, “I’d rather stay single t study all my life！”
翻译：________________________________________________________________________________
e.g.①We wuld rather ur daughter stayed at hme with us, but it is her chice, and she is nt a child any lnger.
我们宁愿女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是这是她的选择，她已不再是小孩了。
②Rather than get mney in such a dishnest way, he wuld beg in the streets.
他宁愿在街上乞讨，也不愿用这种不正当的手段挣钱。
③I’d rather yu hadn’t tld me the truth yesterday.
我宁愿你昨天没把事实告诉我。
7. 句型公式：the＋序数词＋n.＋t d
教材原句：She immediately became the first wman ever t be hired as a resident physician in the OB­GYN department f the PUMC Hspital.
翻译：________________________________________________________________________________
e.g.①Mary is the secnd ne t run 100 meters within 16 secnds.
Mary是第二个在16秒内完成100米的人。
②She is always the first student t cme t schl.
她总是第一个到校的学生。
③Gina is the first persn t knw my e-mail address.
Gina是第一个知道我的邮件地址的人。
III.知识点精讲：考点精析
1.dress (sb. ) up穿上盛装；装扮
dress up in carnival cstumes (教材P2)
穿上嘉年华服装
★情景探究
①I had never seen her wearing clrful clthes. In fact, she really did nt knw hw t dress up herself.
我从未见过她穿颜色鲜艳的衣服。事实上，她真的不知道怎么打扮自己。
②I like t dress up as nice clwns and scary nes.
我喜欢装扮成善解人意的小丑和胆小的小丑。
③Tday I am dressed in easy and cnvenient clthes.
今天我穿着简单轻便的衣服。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①dress sb. /neself in＋衣服/颜色 给某人/自己穿……
②be dressed in＋衣服/颜色 某人穿着……(表示穿的状态)
③dress up as ...装扮成……；打扮成……
【易混辨析】
put n/wear/be in/have
The child can dress himself.
这孩子能自己穿衣服。
The king had nthing n.
那个皇帝什么也没穿。
We ften wear sunglasses in summer.
我们在夏天常戴太阳镜。
D yu knw the by in red?
你认识那个穿红衣服的男孩吗？
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①He dressed up __________ a hunter fr the party.
【一句多译】
②她通常穿红色的衣服，这使她看起来更有活力。
She is usually __________ red, __________ makes her lk mre energetic.
→She is usually __________ red, __________ (make) her lk mre energetic.
→She is usually __________ red clthes, __________ (make) her lk energetic.
2. cngratulatin n. 祝贺；恭喜
receive cngratulatins frm ...(教材P2)
从……收到祝贺
★情景探究
①I’m writing t cngratulate yu n winning the champinship f the 26th English Speech Cntest.
我写信祝贺你在第26届英语演讲比赛中获得冠军。
②We ffered him ur cngratulatins n his passing the entrance exam.
我们祝贺他通过了入学考试。
③I send cngratulatins t yu n having chsen a gd wman t be yur wife.
我祝贺你娶了一个好女人做妻子。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①ffer/send/express cngratulatins t sb. n sth.为某事向某人表示祝贺
②cngratulate vt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪
cngratulate sb. n (ding) sth.就(做)某事向某人道贺
cngratulate neself n(ding) sth.因(做)某事感到自豪；暗自庆幸；为自己高兴
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①Yu shuld cngratulate yurself __________ having dne an excellent jb!
【一句多译】
②祝贺你在汉语演讲比赛中获得一等奖。
→I wuld like t ______________________________ yur receiving the first prize f Chinese speech cntest.
→I wuld like t ____________________ yur receiving the first prize f Chinese speech cntest.
3. range n. 一系列；范围、界限vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化
They have a wide range f rigins, such as the seasns f the year, religins, famus figures, and imprtant events. (教材P4)
节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
★情景探究
①The price f the huse is s high that it is well beynd ur range.
这栋房子的价格太高了，远远超出了我们能承受的范围。
②A study shws the safe driving speed ranges frm 60 km t 80 km per hur.
一项研究表明，安全驾驶的速度为60到80千米/小时。
③But few see everything that is within the range f their visin.
但很少有人能看清视力范围内的每一件东西。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①a wide range f 广泛范围的；各种各样的
within/in range (f) 在……范围之内
beynd/ut f range (f) 超出……范围
②range frm ...包括从……到……之间
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①The natinal park has a large cllectin f wildlife, __________ (range) frm butterflies t elephants.
【一句多译】
②参观者大多是中学生，年龄从12岁到18岁不等。
The visitrs are mstly middle schl students, and their ages __________ 12 t 18.
→The visitrs are mstly middle schl students, ____________________ 12 t 18.(定语从句)
→The visitrs are mstly middle schl students, ______________________________. (with的复合结构)
4. rigin n. 起源；起因；出身
They have a wide range f rigins, such as the seasns f the year, religins, famus figures, and imprtant events. (教材P4)
节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
★情景探究
①Originally the ld man lived in Shandng Prvince.
这位老人原本住在山东省。
②This particular custm has its rigins in Wales.
这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。
③When asked hw he came up with the excellent idea, he said ne f his childhd experiences was the riginal inspiratin.
当他被问到是如何想到这个好主意的时候，他说最初的灵感是他童年的一次经历。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①have ne’s rigin(s) in 起源于in rigin 本质上；从起源上看
②riginal adj.原来的；起初的
③riginally adv.原来；起初
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①The family had its rigin __________ Canada.
②After much discussin they settled n the plan __________ (rigin) prpsed.
【完成句子】
③部分日本文字起源于中国文字。
______________________________________________________________________
5. figure n. 人物；数字；身材vt.认为；认定
They have a wide range f rigins, such as the seasns f the year, religins, famus figures, and imprtant events. (教材P4)
节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
★情景探究
①The student figured that he wuld figure ut the difficult math prblem.
这个学生认为他能解出这道数学难题。
②I am s cnfused that I can’t figure ut hw t d this.
我很困惑，因此弄不懂怎样做这件事。
③They have figured in the cst f ur fd fr the trip.
他们已把我们旅游的食物费用计算进去了。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①have a gd figure 拥有好身材
②figure ut 弄懂；计算出figure in 把……列入计算figure (that) ...认为……
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①It tk them abut ne mnth t figure __________ hw t start the equipment.
【写出下列句中figure的词性和含义】
②She is dieting t keep her figure althugh she is slim. __________
③Can yu read this figure? Is it a three r an eight？__________
④He was ne f the great figures f his age. __________
⑤I can’t figure ut why she said s. __________
6. gather vi.聚集；集合vt.聚集；搜集；收割
This imprtant agricultural festival takes place after all the crps have been gathered in.(教材P4)
这一重大的农业节日在庄稼全部收割后来临。
★情景探究
①We sent three men t gather up firewd fr the fire.
我们派出3个人去搜集生火用的柴火。
②The peple gathered rund, curius t knw what was happening.
人们聚集在一起，好奇地想知道在发生什么事。
③The farmers are busy gathering in the crps in the fields.
农民们正忙于在田间收割庄稼。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①gather in 收割；收获；聚集；收集②gather rund/arund 聚集；集合
③gather tgether 聚集；聚会；收集④gather up 采集；收拾
⑤gather speed/frce/ne’s curage 加快速度/加大力量/某人鼓起勇气
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①All the children gathered __________ the ld man t listen t his stries.
②Peple are grateful because their fd __________ (gather) fr the winter and the agricultural wrk has been ver.
【完成句子】
③最后，他不得不鼓起勇气承认自己的错误。
In the end, he had t ______________________________.
7. grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的
Peple celebrate t shw that they are grateful fr the year’s supply f fd. (教材P4)
人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。
★情景探究
①I’m s grateful t yu fr all that yu’ve dne.
对于你所做的一切我都非常感激。
②He was grateful t have smene t talk t.
他很感激有人跟他说话。
③She wuld be very grateful if yu culd give her an early reply.
如果你能早点给她答复，她将非常感激。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①be grateful t sb. fr sth. 因为某事感激某人
SB. wuld be grateful if ...＝SB. wuld appreciate it if ...如果……某人将不胜感激。
be grateful＋that从句＝be thankful＋that从句 感谢……
②gratitude n. 感激之情；感谢
③gratefully＝thankfully adv.感激地
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①I’d be very grateful __________ yu culd let me knw as sn as pssible.
②Any help r dnatins will be __________ (grateful) received.
【一句多译】
③我很感激在我遇到麻烦时你给予的帮助。
→______________________________ when I’m in truble.
→______________________________ when I’m in truble.
→______________________________ when I’m in truble.
8. feature n. 特色；特征；特点 vt.以……为特色
It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sprts. (教材P4)
它以游行和伴有音乐、舞蹈和运动的盛大宴会为特色。
★情景探究
①This is ne f the features f the car, but I’m nt sure if it’s a key feature r nt.
这是这辆汽车的一个特性，但我不确定它是否是一个关键特性。
②Impatience in everything is a feature f ur age.
凡事急躁是我们这代人的特征。
③A study f language shuld feature in an English literature curse.
对语言的研究应该成为英语文学课程的特色。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①A feature(s) B A以B为特色
②feature in 在……方面起重要作用/占重要地位
③a feature f ...……的一个特色
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①__________ interesting feature f the city is the ld market.
②We all like this restaurant __________ (feature) the mst famus chefs in France.
【完成句子】
③这家澳大利亚公司的标志是一只红袋鼠。
The lg f the Australia cmpany ____________________.
9. significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的
Custms play a significant rle in festivals, but smetimes they can change ver time. (教材P4)
风俗在节日中扮演重要角色，但有时也随时间而变化。
★情景探究
①What he thinks abut it is f n significance.
他对此事的想法没有什么意义。
②It is significant that the children shuld nt tell lies.
＝Significantly, the children shuld nt tell lies.
孩子们不说谎很重要。
③My parents always attach great imprtance/significance t my getting a gd educatin.
我的父母总是很重视我得到良好的教育。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①It is significant that ...……很重要。
be very significant＝be f great significance 有重大意义
②significance n. 重要性；意义
attach (great/little) imprtance/significance t (ding) sth. 认为(做)某事(很/几乎不)重要
③significantly adv.重大地；明显地，显著地；意味深长地
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①The mst __________ (significance) thing yu shuld keep in mind is that mst f the questins are easy if yu make use f crrect methds.
②His university was aware f the __________ (significant) f his wrk.
【一句多译】
③这种新药对于这种病的治疗有重大意义。
→The new drug ____________________ fr the treatment f the disease.
→The new drug ____________________ fr the treatment f the disease.
10. take advantage f 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
Festivals are becming mre and mre cmmercial, with businesses taking advantage f the celebratins. (教材P5)
节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
★情景探究
①Graduates with a gd cmmand f English and cmputer skills tend t be at an advantage when applying fr jbs.
精通英语和计算机技能的毕业生在求职时往往有优势。
②She is blessed with a strict training at an early age, which enables her t have an advantage ver ther players.
她有幸从小就接受严格训练，这使得她比其他选手有优势。
③With bth f these advantages and disadvantages f the use f a car in mind, I, prefer t have my wn car fr wrk.
考虑了使用汽车的利弊，我还是更喜欢能开着自己的车来上班。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①advantages and disadvantages 利弊②have an advantage ver 比……有优势
③be at an advantage 处于优势④t ne’s advantage/disadvantage 对某人有利/不利
【联想助记】
表示“利用”的短语
①make gd/full/little use f 好好/充分/不充分利用
②make the best f 充分利用
③make the mst f 充分利用
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①We shuld take advantage __________ every chance t practise ur spken English.
②The members f ur team are mre experienced and we have an advantage __________ their team.
【句式升级】
③I have an advantage ver my classmates in maths, s I am cnfident f answering questins in class.
→________________________________________, I am cnfident f answering questins in class. (分词作状语)
11. ccasin n. 特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会；场合；时刻
They are ccasins that allw us t relax and enjy life, and frget abut ur wrk fr a little while. (教材P5)
节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。
★情景探究
①On that ccasin, I was nt at hme.
那次我不在家。
②He made ccasinal visits t the cinema.
他偶尔去看电影。
③As he wrks in a remte area, he visits his parents nly ccasinally.
因为他在一个边远地区工作，所以他只能偶尔回去看望他的父母。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①n this/that ccasin 在这种/那种场合n ccasin 偶尔，有时
n n ccasin 在任何场合都不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
②ccasinal adj.偶尔的，偶然的
③ccasinally adv.有时，偶尔
【名师点津】
①当ccasin 表示“机会；时间”，作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用when。
②当ccasin 表示“场合”，作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用where。
③如果关系词代替ccasin在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词that/which。
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①__________ this ccasin, he gt a chance t g backstage t meet the actrs.
②Occasins are quite rare __________ I have the time t spend a day with my kids.
【句式升级】
③Yu shuld never try t cheat thers n any ccasin!
→____________________ try t cheat thers！(部分倒装)
12. majrity n. 大部分；大多数
At age 18, instead f fllwing the traditinal path f marriage like the majrity f girls, she chse t study medicine.(教材P16)
十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了学医。
★情景探究
①When I have a different pinin, I always respect the pinin f the majrity.
当我有不同观点时，我总是尊重多数人的观点。
②The majrity f the students hld the view that it’s cnvenient t g t schl by electric bike.
大多数学生持有以下观点：骑电动车上学很方便。
③After all, thse wh are against the prject are in the majrity.
毕竟，反对这个项目的人占大多数。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①the majrity f ……的大多数a majrity f 大多数……in the majrity 占大多数
②majr vi.主修adj.主要的n.主修课程majr in 主修
【名师点津】
①the majrity 单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。
②“a majrity f＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
③“the majrity f＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
④“the majrity f＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
⑤“the majrity f＋集合名词”作主语时，谓语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑个体)。
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①The __________ (majr) f the citizens in that regin have been affected by the dust.
②Tm and I have smething in cmmn: we bth majr __________ engineering.
③An agreement seems t be impssible because the majrity f the cmmittee members __________ (be) against it.
【完成句子】
④One­third f the cuntry is cvered with grass and __________ (大多数) the citizens live in tents.
⑤In cllege I __________ (主修) Natural Science. What was yur majr？
13. respnd vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应
She respnded, “I’d rather stay single t study all my life!” (教材P16)
她回答：“为了学习，我宁愿一辈子单身！”
★情景探究
①I’m nt sure hw he will respnd t yur answer.
我不确定他对你的答复会做何反应。
②He respnded that he wuld be pleased t attend the party.
他回答说他很高兴参加派对。
③The girl laughed in respnse t his jkes.
这个女孩听了他的笑话大笑起来。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①respnd t ...回应……；对……做出反应respnd that ...回答说……
②respnse n. 反应；回答；回复in respnse t 作为对……的答复/反应(通常作状语)
make respnse t 对……做出反应(强调动作)
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①Receiving a text des nt mean yu need t __________ (respnse) t it.
②__________ respnse t the audience’s great demand, the play will be put n in the theatre twice a week.
③The teacher kindly made a respnse __________ the questins that student put frward.
【完成句子】
④如果我们收到这样一封信，我们会做出回应的。
If we receive such a letter, we will ____________________ it.
⑤应委内瑞拉的要求召开了这次会议。
The meeting was called __________ a request frm Venezuela.
14. appint vt.任命；委派
In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese wman ever t be appinted directr f the OB­GYN department f the PUMC Hspital, but just a few mnths later, the department was clsed because f the war. (教材P16)
1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是就在几个月之后，妇产科因为战争而关闭。
★情景探究
①I was appinted t take charge f arranging all the activities n that day.
我被委派负责安排那一天的所有活动。
②We shall have t appint anther day fr the rest f ur business.
我们只好再约一天来处理我们生意上其余的事。
③Wh will be appinted t the chairmanship when Mr Bell leaves?
贝尔先生离职以后，谁会被派来担任主席？
④Can I make an appintment t see the manager?
我可以约见经理吗？
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①We are pleased t appint yu __________ ur agent in Japan.
②September 1 was appinted __________ the ceremny.
③They made an __________ (appint) fr the secnd day f May.
【完成句子】
④他已被指派做红十字会的工作。
He has been appinted __________ a jb __________ the Red Crss.
⑤你如果想看医生，最好事先跟他预约好。
If yu want t see the dctr, yu’d better ____________________ him in advance.
15. tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于
She was mre interested in tending patients, publishing medical research n care fr wmen and children, and training the next generatin f dctrs. (教材P17)
她更感兴趣的是照顾病人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果和培养下一代医生。
★情景探究
①We tend t make mistakes when we d things in a hurry.
忙中不免出错。
②Several nurses carefully tended (t) the sick man.
几位护士悉心照料那个病人。
③The cperatin has becme the tendency f ecnmic develpment in the wrld.
合作已成为当今世界经济发展的趋势。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①There is a grwing __________ (tend) fr peple t wrk at hme instead f in the ffice.
②I tend __________ (frget) things unless I mark them dwn.
③Persnally, I tend __________ the secnd plan yu ffered.
【完成句子】
④大势趋向于和平。
The __________ events is twards peace.
⑤我个人觉得，俱乐部成员做的工作还是不错的。
I __________ think that members f the club d a gd jb.
16. scare vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓
She was s scared during the interview that she cmpletely frgt hw she shuld respnd t the questins. (教材P17)
她在面试中如此害怕，以至于完全忘记了应该如何回答这些问题。
★情景探究
①The high price is scaring away pssible buyers.
价格昂贵，把想买东西的顾客吓跑了。
②The little girl is scared f ging acrss the bridge because she is scared t fall int the river.
小女孩不敢过桥，因为她害怕掉进河里。
③I was scared t death when I saw smene walking slwly twards me in the dark.
当我看到一个人在黑暗中慢慢朝我走来时，我吓得要死。
④Mst scary mvies are rated “fr adults nly”.
大部分的恐怖片都被列为“儿童不宜”。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
★学以致用
【单句填空】
①The thieves gt __________ (scare) and ran away.
②The child was scared __________ the fierce-lking dg.
【完成句子】
③我已经想出了一个吓跑那些顽童的办法。
I have gt a way __________ thse naughty children __________.
17. sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的；鲜明的；敏锐的；严厉的；剧烈的；急转的adv.(用于时间后，表示准时)……整
Many Americans cmplain abut the sharp increase in the cst f health care and health insurance recently. (教材P17)
许多美国人抱怨最近医疗保健和健康保险费用急剧增加。
★情景探究
①There was a sharp increase in unemplyment in that area last year.
去年那个地区的失业人数急剧上升。
②I suddenly felt a sharp pain in my chest while I was at wrk.
工作时我突然感到胸口一阵剧痛。
③The price f petrl has risen sharply since last mnth.
自上个月以来，汽油价格急剧上涨。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①sharply adv.猛烈地；急剧地
②sharpen vt.& vi.(使)变锋利
③sharpener n. 磨具，削具
★学以致用
【写出下列句中sharp的含义】
①There are birds, like the muntain eagles, which eat meat with their strng sharp beaks. __________
②We heard a vice sing ut in a clear, sharp tne. __________
③He is a jurnalist with an extremely sharp mind. __________
④Be careful with the sharp bend in the rad. __________
⑤She planned t unlck the shp at 8:00 sharp this mrning. __________
18. energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
One f the advantages f hiring energetic and psitive yung peple is that they tend t shw interest in their wrk and they are eager t learn. (教材P17)
雇用精力充沛和积极的年轻人的优点之一是他们往往对他们的工作感兴趣并且渴望学习。
★情景探究
①The mre he wrked, the mre energetic he became.
他越干越起劲。
②He chewed energetically n the gristly steak.
他劲头十足地嚼着尽是软骨的牛排。
③She had started t devte her energies t teaching rather than perfrming.
她已经开始将精力投入到教学而不是表演中。
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①energetically adv.精力旺盛地；积极地
②energy n. 精力；力量；能源apply/devte ne’s energy t (ding) sth.致力于做某事
【易混辨析】
frce/pwer/strength/energy
★学以致用
【选词填空】
eq \x(pwer energy strength frce)
①He is saving his __________ fr the heavy wrk he’ll have t d this afternn.
②The plice had t use __________ t hld back the crwd.
③He felt as if he had lst his __________ f judgement.
④Auckland is a city which is full f __________.
19. replace vt.接替；取代；更换
The student unin will hld a special meeting in January t elect smene t replace the secretary. (教材P17)
学生会将在一月份举行一个特别的会议来选举一个人接替这个秘书。
★情景探究
①It is generally believed that teachers will never be replaced by/with cmputers in class.
人们普遍认为，在课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。
②His sense f tuch gradually tk the place f sight.
他的触觉逐步代替了视觉。
③Wh is here in place f the manager?
谁在这里代替经理？
★要点突破
【归纳拓展】
①replace sth. 代替/取代……replace sb. as ... 取代某人成为……
replace sb. /sth. with/by ...用……替换，以……接替
②in place 在适当的位置ut f place 在不适当的位置
in ne’s place＝in the place f 代替take the place f＝replace 代替；替代
take place 发生
★学以致用
【用含place的短语填空】
①The talent shw, whse theme is “Innvatins n Campus”, will __________ in ur schl gymnasium frm 8:30 a.m. t 11:30 a.m. n April 30th.
②After the dinner, an expressin f thanks t the hst wuld be __________.
③If I refused t g, they wuld send Jack t attend the meeting __________ me.
【一句多译】
④经理将要出差，我将代替他参加会议。
→The manager will be away n business and I’ll ____________________ the meeting.
→The manager will be away n business and I’ll ____________________ the meeting.
→The manager will be away n business and I’ll ______________________________.
IV、练习提升
(I)阅读理解
A
Of all the Chinese 24 slar terms, Clear and Bright (清明) is the nly ne whse first day is als a traditinal Chinese festival, the Qingming Festival. The wrds “clear” and “bright” describe the weather during this perid. Temperatures begin t rise and rainfall increases, making it an imprtant time fr grwing crps in the spring. As is knwn, it is a time t wrship ancestrs, hwever, here are several things yu may nt knw abut Clear and Bright.
Spring Outings
Nt nly is it a perid t hnr the dead, but it is als time fr peple t g ut and enjy nature. As trees turn green, flwers blssm, and the sun shines brightly, everything returns t life. It is a fine time t appreciate the beauty f nature.
Flying Kites
Flying kites is an activity favred by many Chinese during Tmb-Sweeping Day. Kites are nt nly flwn during the day time but als in the evening. Little lanterns are tied t the kites. And when the kites are flying in the sky, the lanterns lk like twinkling stars at night. What makes flying kites during this day special is that peple cut the string while the kite is in the sky t let it fly freely. It is said that this brings gd luck and that diseases can be chased away by ding this.
Cuju
Cuju is an interesting game played during this perid. Ju is a ball made f leather with hairs plugged in it. Legend has it that the Yellw Emperr first invented it fr training warrirs. Later, Cuju was used by peple t build up their bdies when they were unable t eat ht fd during the Cld Fd Festival.
Feasting n Qingtuan
In the lwer parts f the Yangtze River regin, qingtuan is very ppular n Tmb-Sweeping Day. Qingtuan is a kind f rund green cake. In rder t make the cakes, peple mash (捣碎) barnyard grass (艾草) t squeeze juice frm it and mix the flur and juice t a paste. Then they put fillings int the paste and steam them. Pretty and delicate, qingtuan has a special flavr.
1. What is special abut flying kites during Clear and Bright?
A. Flying kites with lanterns in the evening.B. Flying kites t bring gd luck.
C. Cutting the kite string t let it fly freely.D. Flying kites bth in the daytime and at night.
2. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Clear and Bright is an imprtant perid fr farming.
B. Qingtuan is traditinally eaten during the perid f Clear and Bright all ver China.
C. Cuju was invented by the Yellw Emperr t play in the Qingming Festival.
D. Clear and Bright is ne f the 24 slar terms whse first day is als a traditinal Chinese festival.
3. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Hw t celebrate the Qingming Festival.B. Flying kites in a special way.
C. Ways t have fun during Clear and Bright.D. Sme unknwn custms abut Clear and Bright.
B
Curage is a highly admired virtue. When asked t describe curage, mst peple cnjure up (脑中浮现) the image f an individual running int a burning building, r maybe a her saving the wrld. But there’s anther frm f bravery that’s much mre imprtant because it cmes up mre ften. It’s called mral curage.
Mral curage is the ability that allws us t face ur fears and t cnquer ur darkest fears. It’s the ability t face the future withut knwing what is certain. It’s the ability t stand tall and cnfrnt thse wh ppse us, thse wh prevent us frm realizing wh we are and what we are. But mst imprtantly, it's the ability t stand up fr what's right, even thugh there are risks that stand in yur way. Sara Andersn nce said that “It takes great curage t faithfully fllw what we knw t be true.”
The ptential f shwing mral curage has the pwer f changing the wrld. It was because f the mral curage that Mahatma Gandhi was able t make India free frm British rule. He fught bravely against them withut the use f any weapn by presenting great mral curage. In this way, he als became a great example fr the peple f the whle wrld. It is nt that we remember Gandhi because f his bdy r beauty. We remember him because f the great ideas and principles f his life.
Mral curage is essential nt nly fr a nble life, but a happy ne. Withut mral curage, we have n cntrl ver ur lives. Our fears destry ur spirit and make us trapped in depressin. Mark Twain said, “Curage is nt the absence f fear but the resistance f fear, the mastery f fear.” If ur fears cause us t lse cnfidence in the pwer f virtue, we will lse smething very precius.
Peple with mral curage rarely get medals, but it is the best marker f true character and a virtue thers can be prud f. We must try t develp the pwer f mral curage that will surely help in ending injustice and wrng and grant us a better wrld.
4. What is the main functin f paragraph 1?
A. T make a cmparisn.B. T prpse a definitin.
C. T prvide the backgrund.D. T intrduce the subject.
5. What des the example f Mahatma Gandhi tell us?
A. Mral curage restricts great ideas and principles.
B. Mral curage makes peple faithfully fllw the truth.
C. Mral curage is essential fr leading a happy life.
D. Mral curage can make a difference t the wrld.
6. What can be inferred frm Mark Twain's wrds?
A. Curage is a spirit t vercme the fear.B. Curage is being brave withut any fear.
C. Having a fear can limit ur future lives.D. Fear can stp us frm achieving ur gals.
7. What des the authr advise us t d in the last paragraph?
A. T end injustice and wrng.B. T strengthen mral curage.
C. T pursue excellent virtues.D. T create a better wrld.
二、完形填空
The Spring Festival is the mst imprtant festival fr Chinese. This year, I decided t participate in all the activities rganized fr 1 students t celebrate the Spring Festival.
The preparatin began a mnth ag, 2 ur rms with Spring Festival cuplets (对联) and New Year paintings. Later we 3 an activity t write Spring Festival cuplets. When I saw my teacher bring a special kind f pen, I became 4 t knw what it was called. In additin, we were ging t use a brush t 5 Chinese characters n red paper. Besides, there was anther 6 thing called ink. After 7 the tls needed fr Spring Festival cuplets, we started ur 8 jurney. The teacher taught us hw t hld a writing brush. I tried t hld it, 9 it in the ink, and start writing carefully, but the 10 f the pen was t sft and I culdn’t 11 it at all. I was disappinted but I did nt give up. I carefully studied the teacher’s 12 . After several attempts, I wrte a line f wrds At this time, I fund that my sleeves (袖子) were already filled with ink as I was t fcused n 13 .
Even s I was very happy, because I felt that I had learned the 14 f writing calligraphy, that is, t hld the pen in the crrect 15 . Then I realized smetimes I have t experience smething in rder t understand it.
1. A. minrityB. freignC. lcalD. lw-incme
2. A. cleaningB. decratingC. designingD. building
3. A. wnB. describedC. launchedD. restricted
4. A. curiusB. miserableC. upsetD. ashamed
5. A. learnB. carveC. drawD. write
6. A. magicalB. glbalC. affrdableD. useless
7. A. usingB. mixingC. recyclingD. understanding
8. A. repetitiveB. easyC. creativeD. effective
9. A. dipB. hangC. cverD. set
10. A. figureB. materialC. inkD. tip
11. A. crrectB. makeC. acceptD. slve
12. A. galB. methdC. reactinD. curse
13. A. imprvingB. readingC. practisingD. listening
14. A. difficultyB. frmC. meaningD. way
15. A. pstureB. emtinC. attitudeD. habit
put n
“穿上， 戴上”，强调穿的动作，后跟衣服
wear
“穿着，戴着，佩着”，强调状态。不但可指“穿衣”，还可以指“穿”鞋、袜或“戴”帽、手套， 甚至眼镜、手表、首饰等
be in
强调状态，多跟表示颜色的词等
have
“穿着， 戴着”，表示穿的状态，后跟衣服
dress
“穿”，其动作承受者一定是人。dress sb. /neself; be/get dressed in＋衣服
frce
主要指自然界的力量、军事力量、武力以及法律、道德的力量
pwer
主要指能力、权利、电力、动力
strength
说人时指“体力”；说物时指“强度”；也可指“强项，长处”
energy
主要指人的活力、精力，也指能源