05 必修三 Unit 1 语法：语法精讲精练---ing分词作定语和表语（原卷版+解析版）2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破（人教版2019）

这是一份05 必修三 Unit 1 语法：语法精讲精练---ing分词作定语和表语（原卷版+解析版）2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破（人教版2019），文件包含05必修三Unit1语法语法精讲精练---ing分词作定语和表语原卷版2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破人教版2019docx、05必修三Unit1语法语法精讲精练---ing分词作定语和表语解析版2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习高效突破人教版2019docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共22页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、动词­ing形式作定语
1. 表示名词的某种性能或用途，通常可以改为fr短语。如：
the reading rm = the rm fr reading阅览室。
再比如：reading materials阅读材料；a shpping bag购物袋；an perating table手术台；a washing machine洗衣机等。
We are nt allwed t speak alud in the reading rm.
阅览室里不准我们大声说话。
If yu really want t smke, yu may g t the smking rm.
如果你确实想吸烟，可以去吸烟室。
2. 现在分词做定语时，它和所修饰的词是逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰的名词的动作或状态，可以转换成对应的定语从句。如the sleeping child = the child wh is sleeping。当动词­ing形式单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之前；如果作定语的动词­ing形式是一个短语，则放在该名词之后。
动词-ing形式一般式的被动语态（being dne）作定语表示某动作正在被进行；动词-ing形式完成式（having dne）作定语表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
In the fllwing years, she wrked even harder.
在接下来的几年中，她学习更努力了。
Make less nise. There’s a sleeping child.
少弄出点噪音，有个孩子在睡觉。
The manager, having made it clear t us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting rm.
经理向我们表明他不同意我们的意见后，离开了会议室。
3. 过去分词、现在分词以及不定式作定语时的区别：
(1)不定式作定语
①不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系
He was the last ne t leave schl yesterday.
昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。
The train t arrive was frm Lndn.
将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。
②不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系
Get him smething t eat.
给他拿点儿东西吃。
She has a lt f wrk t d in the mrning.
早上他有很多工作要做。
③不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。
I need a pen t write with.
我需要一支笔写字。
There is nthing t wrry abut.
没有什么值得发愁的。
④不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如：ability能力，本领；drive赶，驾驶； mvement运动，活动；ambitin抱负，野心；effrt努力，尝试 need需要，需求；campaign战役，运动；failure失败，不及格；pprtunity机会；chance机会；frce力，压力，要点；prmise许诺，希望；curage勇气；intentin意向，意图；reasn理由，原因；decisin决定；methd方法，方式；light光，光线，亮光；determinatin决心，决定；mtive动机，目的；struggle奋斗，努力；tendency倾向，趋势；wish希望，愿望，祝愿。
⑤被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, secnd, last, nly和nt a, the等限定词时候，只能用不定式。
⑥不定代词smething, nthing, little, much, a lt 等习惯上用不定式做定语。
Jhn will d anything but wrk n a farm.
除了农活，约翰什么都愿意干。
⑦如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语，或者其形容词要器接不定式做补语，则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如：tend t d---tendency t d; decide t d = decisin t d; be curius t d = curisity t d
His wish t buy a car came true.
他要买辆车的愿望实现了。
Their decisin t give up the experiment surprised us.
他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。
He is always the first t cme and the last t leave.
他总是第一个到来，最后一个离去。
(2)分词作定语
分词作定语时有下面几个特点：
1)现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词一般表示被动含意。
2)现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。
He rushed int the burning huse.
他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。
The child standing ver there is my brther.
站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。
The rm facing suth is ur classrm.
朝南的房间是我们的教室。
Have yu gt yur watch repaired?
你拿到那个修好的表了吗?
He is an advanced teacher.
他是个先进教师。
3)下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语，但不具有被动意义，这点要注意：departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gne, frwn-up, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, much-traveled, newly-arrived, recently-cme
(3)不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系
一般来说，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如：
D yu want t see the dctr t be sent fr frm Beijing?
你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗?
D yu want t see the dctr wrking n the case reprt in the ffice?
你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗?
二、动词­ing形式作表语
1. 动词­ing形式做表语时，往往具有形容词的性质，表示抽象的一般性的行为，用来说明主语的内容、性质或特征，与主语通常是同一概念，表语和主语常可互换位置。
My jb is teaching yu English.(＝Teaching yu English is my jb. )
我的工作是教你们英语。
My favrite sprt is swimming.(＝Swimming is my favrite sprt.)
我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
2. 动词­ing形式表示主语的某种性质或特征时，通常可以看作形容词。常用来作表语的现在分词有astnishing, amusing, cnfusing, disappinting, bring, encuraging, inspiring, mving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
The prblem is quite puzzling.
这个问题很令人困惑。
The film we saw last night was very mving.
我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。
3. 动词­ing形式作表语与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别：动词­ing形式表示一般性的动作；动词不定式(短语)表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。
His hbby is painting.
他的爱好是画画。(一般性的动作)
Tday what he wants t d is t paint.
今天他想要做的事是画画。(具体的动作)
His wish is t becme an artist.
他的愿望是成为一名艺术家。(将要发生的事)
【温馨提示】
①在主系表结构中，系动词除be外还有appear, sund, lk, becme, cme, get, g, grw, keep, remain, seem等。
②动词­ing形式作表语用时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；而进行时态中的动词­ing形式是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具体的动作，两者不可混淆。
The present situatin is encuraging. (表语)
目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。
The present situatin is encuraging us t stride frward in prductin.
目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。(谓语动词的组成部分)
三、单句语法填空：
1. Just nw he received a call (request) persnal infrmatin, but he thught it must be a trap.
2. Standing at the tp f the twer, we caught sight f a river (measure) ver 250 meters brad.
3. The girl (sit) by the side f the shp windw is my little daughter.
4. Our senir students need t adapt t the rapidly (change) wrld after graduatin.
5. On the way t wrk, we met a grup f pupils (return) frm a schl nearby.
6. Last night, there were millins f peple (watch) the pening ceremny live n TV.
7. All the bys and girls (perfrm) n stage cme frm ur schl and ur sister schl.
8. This dictinary n the table (belng) t me is wrth 20 dllars.
9. There are sme sur berries that I have fund (grw) near the cttage.
10. Our newly-built schl, (cver) 400 acres f land, is well-equipped with fine facilities.
11. Farmers (suffer) frm drught r flds wuld get mre payments frm the lcal gvernment.
12. We can wander amng a variety f shps (sell) gifts while enjying a live music.
13. A medical team (cnsist) f five dctrs and tw nurses set ff fr the earthquake-stricken area.
shw and nice street entertainment.
14. Passengers t Tibet, (travel) n this bus, can buy their tickets nline.
15. Wmen (lk) after small children in this city usually get paid mnthly.
16. The stranger (stand) in frnt f my huse caught my attentin and I wanted t knw why he was there.
17. The flwers, (smell) sweet in the btanical garden attract the visitrs t enjy the beauty f nature.
18. The next thing he saw in the distance was smke (rise) frm the huse.
19. The ffer has yet t be accepted by the lawyers (represent) the victims.
20. The children (practise) playing the vilin ver there will give a perfrmance next week.
21. A man (answer) the plice’s descriptin was seen entering the building.
22. The number f peple (attend) the meeting was much smaller than we had expected.
23. The prblem (discuss) at the meeting nw has smething t d with us.
24. All thse (watch) the pp singing grup cheered, applauding as they sang.
25. Tm received a phne call frm his mther, (say) that she wuld visit him this weekend.
26. The huses (build) nw are fr the yung teachers recently t ur schl.
27. A yung man (write) nvels came t make a speech t us yesterday.
28. The bell (indicate) the end f the perid rang, interrupting ur heated discussin.
29. This is the mst (cnvince) evidence that I can find abut the car accident.
30. Lk ver there--- there’s a winding path (lead) t the huse in the deep muntain.
31. Their (expand) business became a large crpratin in 1996, with three generatins f Ans wrking tgether.
32. The (sleep) baby is my sister’s sn. He is s lvely that we all lve him.
33. It was a yung man (put) frward this gd suggestin yesterday.
34. Students (graduate) frm Beijing University have a bright future in finding their dream jbs.
35. The museum (repair) nw will be re-pened t visitrs next year.
36. Mike fund a (challenge) jb as a cmputer prgrammer in a big cmpany.
37. The building (decrate) at present is ur new library. It will pen next mnth.
38. Nw there are still many peple (live) in pverty in this area.
39. There are many ther examples (reflect) the develpment f Chinese writing.
40. Peple (run) these factries are very cncerned abut the envirnment.
41. There is a curtain (hang) befre his windw in the bedrm.
42. The prfessr (give) a speech abut pllutin is frm Harvard University.
43. A warm drink f milk befre bed has lng been the best chice fr thse (want) gd night’s sleep.
44. The pr man (wander) n the rad was ut f wrk, helpless and hpeless.
45. When Jack gt hme frm his hliday, there was a pile f mails (wait) fr him.
46. The firefighters dashed int the (burn) wds t save peple trapped in it.
47. What I like the mst are the traditinal wet markets, restaurants (ffer) varius dishes and the numerus cultural activities that are available there.
48. A $5 millin reward has been annunced fr infrmatin (lead) t the arrest f thse wh are respnsible fr the murder.
49. The bar chart (shw) the way students in the class g t schl tells us that 80% f them take a bus.
50. The plt f the drama was s (absrb) that the girl was attracted by it.
【答案】1. requesting 2. measuring 3. sitting 4. changing 5. returning 6. watching 7. perfrming 8. belnging 9. grwing 10. cvering 11. suffering 12. selling 13. cnsisting 14. travel(l)ing 15. lking 16. standing 17. smelling 18. rising 19. representing 20. practising 21. answering 22. attending 23. being discussed 24. watching 25. saying 26. being built 27. writing 28. indicating 29. cnvincing 30. leading 31. expanding 32. sleeping 33. putting 34. graduating 35. being repaired 36. challenging 37. being decrated 38. living 39. reflecting 40. running 41. hanging 42. giving 43. wanting 44. wandering 45. waiting 46. burning 47.ffering 48. leading 49. shwing 50. absrbing
四、高考真题回顾：
1. (2022·新高考全国II卷) When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (阳台), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the _______ (fall) child.
2. (2021·全国I卷) Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure and ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur ________ (ache) legs.
3. (2019·全国II卷)When we gt a call _______ (say) she was shrt-listed, we thught it was a jke.
4. (全国Ⅰ) Abercrmbie & Kent, a travel cmpany in Hng Kng, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here fr peple _______ (live) in Shanghai and Hng Kng.
【答案与解析】
1.【解析】falling 考查非谓语动词。句中已经出现了谓语动词,所以此处用非谓语形式;中心词child与fall之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式做定语。故用falling。
2.【解析】aching 考查非谓语动词。此处需要用过去分词作定语，修饰legs，表示“疼痛的腿”，ache和legs是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填aching。
3.【解析】saying 考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
4.【解析】living 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词arranges，故应考虑此处填非谓语动词。由于live与其所修饰的名词peple之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式作定语。故填living。
五、语篇语法填空：
(1)
The 12th China Arts Festival brught a series f art 1 (activity) t the Chinese ecnmic and art centre, Shanghai. Frm May 20 t June 2, mre than 50 shws 2 (select) natinwide were perfrmed in nineteen majr theatres in Shanghai, and a fine selectin f creative cultural prducts 3 (shw) at the Shanghai Exhibitin Centre. The festival included 4 (vary) art frms, such as pera, dancing, painting and phtgraphy.
5 2019 editin was c­rganised by the Ministry f Culture and Turism and the Shanghai municipal gvernment (市政府). Since 6 (it) beginning in 1987, the festival 7 (change) hst cities in each editin, travelling t areas including Beijing, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Hubei ver the past three decades.
Sales f tickets pened nline, with tickets priced frm n cst 8 380 yuan, accrding t the rganisers. T allw a larger audience t access the prgrams, the festival was als bradcast live nline. “We will use new media t bring the shws t mre rdinary peple, 9 will let them knw abut the mdern develpment f Chinese arts,” said Zhu Di, head f the ministry’s arts department.
This festival was als aimed at 10 (prmte) turism in Shanghai with arts. The lcal gvernment released a ttal f 40 culture­themed travel rutes t guide visitrs thrugh Shanghai's well­knwn landmarks.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了第十二届中国艺术节在上海中国经济艺术中心举办，开展了一系列艺术活动。
1. activities 考查名词的数。被a series f修饰，故用名词复数activities。
2. selected 考查非谓语动词。50 shws和select之间是被动关系，故用过去分词selected作定语。
3. were shwn 考查动词的时态和语态。“优秀创意文化产品”和“展出”之间是被动关系，且文章为一般过去时，故填were shwn。
4. varius 考查形容词。修饰名词art frms用形容词varius。
5. The 考查冠词。文中表示特指，用定冠词，句子中第一个单词的首字母大写，故填The。
6. its 考查代词。句意：自1987第一次举办，每一届艺术节的主办城市都发生了变化，在过去的30年里，它的活动足迹遍及北京、四川、江苏、浙江和湖北等地。文中指“它的”，故填its。
7. has changed 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据Since 6 beginning in 1987可知，用现在完成时；根据主语the festival是单数可知填has changed。
8. t 考查介词。frm ...意为“从……到……”。
9. which 考查定语从句的关系词。此句是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句内容，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。
10. prmting 考查非谓语动词。aim at意为“针对；瞄准”。at是介词，介词之后用v.­ing，故填prmting。
(2)
I chatted with my friend in a well-knwn cffee shp in a twn f Italy.
As we enjyed ur cffee, a man entered and 1 (sit) beside us. He called the waiter ver and said, “Tw 2 (cup) f cffee, ne f them there n the wall.” We heard his rder with interest and nticed that he was served ne cup f cffee but he paid fr tw.
When he left, the waiter put a piece f paper n the wall, 3 (say) “A Cup f Cffee”. While we were still there, tw ther men entered and rdered the cffee, tw n the table and ne n the wall. They had tw but paid fr three. This time the waiter als did 4 same thing. It was smething 5 (usual) fr us. After a few days, we had a chance 6 (enter) this cffee shp again. While we were enjying ur cffee, a man 7 appeared hmeless entered. He lked at the wall and said, “One cup f cffee frm the wall. ”
The waiter served a cup f cffee t this man 8 (plite). The man had his cffee and left withut paying. We were 9 (amaze) t watch all f this as the waiter tk a piece f paper ff the wall 10 threw it int the bin.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文, 主要内容是我和我的朋友在意大利一家知名咖啡店喝咖啡, 看到了来喝咖啡的人都会多付一杯的钱, 当作者知道原由时非常惊讶。
1. sat。考查时态。句意: 正当我们喝咖啡时，一个男人进来坐在我们旁边。分析句子结构可知，空处所填单词和空前的entered是并列关系，应用过去式，故填sat。
2. cups。考查名词复数。 分析句子结构可知，空处填名词复数， tw后加名词复数形式，故填cups。
3. saying。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，say的动作是由a piece f paper发出的，故用动词的-ing形式表示主动，故填saying。
4. the。考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，same是一个特殊的形容词，其后修饰名词时，same前需加定冠词，故填the。
5. unusual。考查形容词。句意: 这对我们来说很不寻常。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词作表语，再根据句意可知，作者认为这很不寻常，unusual意为“不寻常的”，故填unusual。
6. t enter。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，have a chance t d意为“有机会做某事”，故填t enter。
7. wh/that。考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，空处填关系代词在从句中作主语，又因先行词是a man故用wh或者是that，故填wh/that。
8. plitely。考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，再根据句意可知，plitely意为“有礼貌地”，修饰serve，故填plitely。
9. amazed。考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，再根据句意可知，表示人的感受，用amazed意为“惊讶的”，故填amazed。
10. and。考查并列连词。句意: 当服务员从墙上取下一张结算单并把它扔进垃圾箱时，我们惊讶地看到了这一切。分析句子结构可知，空处填并列连词，再根据句意可知，上文的tk和threw是并列关系，故填and。
(3)
We Lve Reading is a prgramme that 1 (plant) die lve f reading within children. It fcuses n training adults, mst f 2 are lcal vlunteers, t hld read-alud sessins in public spaces in their neighbrhds where bks are 3 (regular) read alud and exchanged with children.
Research has shwn that 80% f children wh attend We Lve Reading read-alud sessins have seen the 4 (attract) f reading bks, and are mre willing 5 (g) back t schl because they assciate reading with enjyment They are mre empathetic (同情) because they learn abut ther cultures and peple, and as 6 result perfrm better at schl and becme mre 7 (cnfidence).
We Lve Reading has als influenced parent-child relatinships by 8 (build) bridges f understanding and cmmunicatin 9 the tw generatins thrugh reading.
We Lve Reading is effective and able t cntinue fr a lng time because it 10 (manage) and wned by lcal vlunteers. They are part f the cmmunity and knw when and where is best t read t children.
【解析】本文讲述“我们爱读书”这个项目。它将爱读书灌输给孩子们，让他们热爱读书，也关注成年人的读书问题，还甚至对亲子关系有一定的影响。
1. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“我们爱读书”是一个将爱读书灌输给儿童的项目。分析句子可知，设空处为从句的谓语，主语是that指代先行词a prgramme ，谓语用单数，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，故填plants。
2. 考查定语从句。句意:它的重点是培训成年人，其中大多数是当地的志愿者，让他们在社区的公共场所举行朗读会议，在那里，人们经常大声朗读书籍，并与孩子们交流。分析句子可知，mst f__ 2 are lcal vlunteers为定语从句，设空处指代前面的adults，并做介词f的宾语，故填whm。
3. 考查副词。句意:同上。分析可知，设空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式，故填regularly。
4. 考查名词。句意:研究表明，参加”我们爱阅读朗读课程的孩子中，有80%已经看到了读书的吸引力，而且更愿意重返学校，因为他们将阅读与享受联系在一起。分析句子可知，设空处作宾语，应用名词形式， attractin在这里表示吸引，用单复数都可以，故填attractin(s)。
5.考查固定搭配。句意:同上。短语be willing t d，意为“愿意做某事”，根据句意，故填t g。
6.考查固定搭配。句意:他们更能产生共鸣，因为他们了解其他文化和人，因此在学校表现得更好，变得更自信。短语as a result，意为“结果，因此"，故填a。
7.考查形容词。句意:同上。设空处接在系动词becme之后应用形容词作表语，故填cnfident。
8. 考查动名词。句意:“我们爱阅读也通过阅读在两代人之间建立理解和沟通的桥梁，影响了亲子关系。设空处接在介词by后面，应用动名词，故填building。
9. 考查介词。句意:同上。设空处在名词前面，并且表示两者之间，应用介词between，故填between。
10. 考查动词语态。句意:“我们爱阅读是起作用的，能够持续很长时间，因为它是由当地志愿者管理和拥有的。分析可知，设空处为谓语，描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填is managed。
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The first Buy Nthing Day 1 (celebrate) in September 1992. In1997, it was changed t the Friday fllwing Thanksgiving in Nvember. Sn after, it gained 2 supprt f Adbusters, a Canadian media cmpany questining the 3 (imprtant) that cultures give t advertising and shpping. When the grup tried t place cmmercials (广告) n televisin, the nly majr TV netwrk 4 accepted them was CNN. Despite these attempts t silence the mvement, it spread t the US, Germany, Japan, and several ther cuntries wrldwide.
Buy Nthing Day challenges peple t avid 5 (buy) anything fr 24 hurs. Supprters hpe that during this time, peple will reflect n the need t “have things”, which is pushed by large cmpanies. By getting peple t fcus n what they d have, they can becme mre sympathetic (有同情心的) twards the pr 6 peple wh have less than they d.
Anther activity 7 (call) the zmbie walk is t shw the way mst peple shp. In this walk, participants walk arund shpping malls like zmbies. If anyne asks them what’s happening, they 8 (educate) them abut Buy Nthing Day. Whirl-Mart is anther funny methd f drawing attentin t the purpse f Buy Nthing Day. Peple will take empty shpping carts and frm a line inside a supermarket. Then, they will race thrugh the aisles (通道) withut putting anything in their empty carts. Other 9 (supprter) celebrate the event by 10 (simple) ding ther free activities such as hiking, bicycling, r taking a bat ride. N matter hw ne participates, Buy Nthing Day presents us with an pprtunity t remember that the best things in life are free.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于“不购买日”的一些情况。
1. 考查时态和语态。句意：第一个“不购买日”是在1992年9月庆祝的。从时间状语“in September 1992”可知应为一般过去时，与主语Buy Nthing Day构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was celebrated。
2. 考查冠词。句意：不久之后，它获得了Adbusters的支持，这家加拿大媒体公司质疑文化对广告和购物的重要性。此处特指Adbusters的支持，应用定冠词修饰名词supprt，故填the。
3. 考查名词。句意：不久之后，它获得了Adbusters的支持，这家加拿大媒体公司质疑文化对广告和购物的重要性。此处应用名词作宾语，imprtance意为“重要性”，为不可数名词。故填imprtance。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：当该组织试图在电视上播放广告时，唯一接受他们的主要电视网络是CNN。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词majr TV netwrk，指物，从句中缺少主语，且先行词由the nly修饰，只能用that引导定语从句。故填that。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：“不买东西日”要求人们在24小时内不要买任何东西。avid ding sth.固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”。故填buying。
6. 考查连词。句意：通过让人们关注他们所拥有的，他们可以变得更加同情穷人和比他们拥有更少东西的人。“the pr”和“peple wh have less then they d”是并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
7. 查非谓语动词。句意：另一个被称为“僵尸漫步”的活动是展示大多数人购物的方式。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰activity，且动词call和activity是逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词called作后置定语。故填called。
8. 考查动词时态。句意：如果有人问他们发生了什么，他们会告诉他们什么也不买。if条件句从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故填will educate。
9. 考查名词复数。句意：其他支持者庆祝活动只是做其他免费的活动，如徒步旅行，骑自行车，或乘船。根据空前ther可知，此处应填复数形式作主语。故填supprters。
10. 考查副词。句意：其他支持者庆祝活动只是做其他免费的活动，如徒步旅行，骑自行车，或乘船。此处应用副词simply作状语，修饰动词d。故填simply。
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The Mid-Autumn Festival Celebratin between New Zealand and China 1 (hld) with high-quality perfrmances at the New Zealand Natinal Museum n Sunday night. 2 (art) frm suth-western China’s Chngqing presented the Wellingtn audience 3 Sichuan Opera Perfrmance. The perfrmances perfectly shwed the charm f Chinese culture and art t the audience.
Gu Zngguang, 4 is the directr f the China Cultural Center in New Zealand, stressed that this shw was ne f 5 mst imprtant events in this year’s culture exchanges between China and New Zealand.
Brett Hudsn, a member f Parliament, acknwledged that China, nw New Zealand’s largest trading partner, prvided New Zealanders with thusands and thusands f jbs. “Our relatinship with China is 6 (extreme) imprtant. Our tw-way trade nw tps 28 billin New Zealand dllars in 2018, 7 (help) New Zealanders imprve lifestyles fr families, and it is strengthening even 8 (far) thrugh cultural exchanges and better understanding f ne anther.”
Overall, the Mid-Autumn Festival Celebratin was a great success, shwcasing the 9 (rich) and beauty f Chinese culture t the peple f New Zealand. It als highlighted the strng and mutually beneficial relatinship between the tw cuntries, bth in trade and cultural exchange. Such events serve as a reminder f the imprtance f 10 (prmte) understanding and friendship between different natins and cultures.
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。上周日晚，中新两国中秋联欢晚会在新西兰国家博物馆举行，演出质量上乘。文章介绍了晚会以及中国与新西兰文化交流的意义。
1. 考查时态语态。句意：上周日晚，中新两国中秋联欢晚会在新西兰国家博物馆举行，演出质量上乘。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为The Mid-Autumn Festival Celebratin between New Zealand and China，谓语用单数。故填was held。
2. 考查名词。句意：来自中国西南部重庆的艺术家们为惠灵顿的观众带来了川剧表演。作主语，表示“艺术家”应用可数名词artist，空格前无表示数量的限定词，所以此处应用复数形式，首字母大写。故填Artists。
3. 考查介词。句意：来自中国西南部重庆的艺术家们为惠灵顿的观众带来了川剧表演。短语present sb. with表示“把……展现给某人”。故填with。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：新西兰中国文化中心主任郭宗光强调，这场演出是今年中新文化交流中最重要的活动之一。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Gu Zngguang，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应用wh。故填wh。
5. 考查冠词。句意：新西兰中国文化中心主任郭宗光强调，这场演出是今年中新文化交流中最重要的活动之一。mst imprtant为最高级，前面与定冠词连用。故填the。
6. 考查副词。句意：我们与中国的关系极其重要。修饰形容词imprtant应用副词extremely，作状语。故填extremely。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2018年，中新双边贸易额已突破280亿新西兰元，帮助新西兰人民改善了家庭生活方式，两国在文化交流和相互了解方面也在不断加强。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该用非谓语形式状语，动词help和句子的主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填helping。
8. 考查比较级。句意：2018年，中新双边贸易额已突破280亿新西兰元，帮助新西兰人民改善了家庭生活方式，两国在文化交流和相互了解方面也在不断加强。根据后文“better understanding”可知此处far应用比较级形式，表示“进一步”。故填further。
9. 考查名词。句意：总的来说，中秋节庆祝活动非常成功，向新西兰人民展示了中国文化的丰富和美丽。作动词的宾语，应用名词richness，不可数。故填richness。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些活动提醒人们促进不同国家和文化之间的理解和友谊的重要性。作介词f的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填prmting。
语法
形式
意义
时间关系
过去分词作定语
dne
表示被动意义
表示被动、完成或没有一定的时间性
现在分词作定语
ding
表示主动意义
表示主动、进行或主动动作正在进行
不定式作定语
t d
表示主动意义
表示主动动作将要发生